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Journal articles on the topic 'Translation into Afrikaans'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kruger, Alet. "Translation, self-translation and apartheid-imposed conflict." Translation and the Genealogy of Conflict 11, no. 2 (June 8, 2012): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.11.2.06kru.

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Translation has played a major role alongside original literature in each of the South African languages in aiding the construction of their cultural and literary identities. Because of apartheid (literally, ‘apartness’), Afrikaans carried a political burden and literary authors in this language were considered the protectors of Afrikaner cultural and national identity. After outlining the historical origins and the consolidation of apartheid, this paper charts the emergence of a versetliteratuur (‘protest literature’) movement among disillusioned Afrikaans authors during the apartheid era. Growing censorship and the first banning of an Afrikaans novel under the 1974 Publications and Entertainment Act led to translation and self-translation (into English) being used as a tool of resistance by Afrikaans writers against the ideology of apartheid. The paper moves on to explore the effects of apartheid-imposed conflict on other authors such as South African authors writing in English. It then focuses on the ideological agenda informing the language policy-makers’ and Africanists’ selection of books to be translated into African languages, as part of the government’s attempts to promote mother tongue education in African schools and thus perpetuate the segregation of black South Africans. The concluding section discusses how changes in political life since 1990 have influenced the use of translation in South African literature.

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2

Stander, H. F. "Afrikaaose Bybeivertaliogs: 'n Toekomsvisie." Verbum et Ecclesia 22, no. 2 (August 11, 2001): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v22i2.658.

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In this article the author argues that there is a need for a new "official" translation of the Bible. He discusses modern trends in Bible translation. He also evaluates Afrikaans translations of the Bible on the basis of these modern trends, and highlights the short-comings in the present Afrikaans versions. The aim of this article is to make scholars aware of the areas where present translations of the Bible can be improved and also to stimulate a debate on these issues. It is very important for scholars to thoroughly consider all modern trends before start working on new translations of the Bible in Afrikaans. This will ensure that the end product is of high quality, and not outdated even before it is published.

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3

Van Zyl Smit, B. "Medea praat Afrikaans." Literator 26, no. 3 (July 31, 2005): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v26i3.236.

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Medea speaks Afrikaans Euripides’ “Medea” is one of the Greek dramas that have been and still are being translated, performed and adapted in many different languages and countries. Although no Afrikaans translation of this tragedy has been published, several Afrikaans translations and adaptations of it have been staged. This paper explores these plays and the circumstances of their production and focuses especially on Tom Lanoye’s “Mamma Medea” which has been translated into Afrikaans by Antjie Krog.

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4

Cloete, W., and M. Wenzel. "Translating culture: Matthee’s Kringe in ’n bos as a case in point." Literator 28, no. 3 (July 30, 2007): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v28i3.166.

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The translation of “cultural identity” in a novel such as “Kringe in ’n bos” contributes towards the definition of a uniquely South African representation of time and space in the global context. When translation is studied as a product of its socio-historical context, the translator is faced with problems of translating ideology and cultural identity in literature. Realia constitute a particular challenge to the translator because, according to the definition, precise equivalents of these words do not exist in other languages, which could cause shifts in the target language text. This article considers the concept of translatability and concludes that, despite the problems encountered, an adequate and satisfactory German translation from the Afrikaans original should be possible. The question of translatability assumes an interesting dimension as the Afrikaans novel was translated into English by the author herself. The privileged position of author-translator granted Matthee a near-perfect understanding of the different layers of meaning and intention of the source text and eliminated the gap between the author and translator. However, one gains the impression that the German translator (Stege) resorted to transference as a strategy to avoid translation and it emerges that most instances of definite mistranslations are, indeed, attributable to Stege’s unfamiliarity with the South African context.

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5

Erasmus, M. "Literêre vertaling as kruiskulturele kommunikasie: Kortonnen dozen van Tom Lanoye in Afrikaans." Literator 19, no. 3 (April 30, 1998): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v19i3.556.

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Literary translation as cross-cultural communication: Kartonnen dozen by Tom Lanoye in Afrikaans Literary texts are more frequently translated from Afrikaans into Dutch than vice versa. The translation of the popular Flemish writer Tom Lanoye's short novel Kartonnen dozen by Daniel Hugo is indeed one of the very few examples of the latter. In this article I explore, inter alia, the politics of translation which may underlie this imbalance; literary translation as a way of "opening up" a foreign culture; the ideology of translatability. To establish whether Hugo's translation may be seen as adequate, and thus as functioning effectively within the Afrikaans (target) literary system, a comparative analysis is made of the two texts (i.e. Kartonnen dozen and Kartondose) in respect of certain textemes which I regard as imperative for the target text to convey the intention of the source text. In conclusion, I voice my opinion on a literary translation such as Kartondose and its role in the endeavour of decolonisation to resist globalisation.

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6

Cloete, T. T. "Teologiekroniek - Totius se vertaling van die Psalms in die Bybel en sy beryming daavan." Verbum et Ecclesia 21, no. 1 (August 6, 2000): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v21i1.1190.

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The Psalms in the first Bible translation and its versification by Totius The versification of the Psalms in Afrikaans by Totius is regarded as a part of Afrikaans literature. Its publication and the first edition of the Bible in Afrikaans in the thirties both coincided with a renewal in Afrikaans literature. In this article the relation between the versification of the Psalms and the Biblical Psalms is investigated.

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7

Boje, John. "Translating Taboo: Blasphemy in an Afrikaans Translation of Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales." Journal of Literary Studies 37, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564718.2021.1887649.

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8

Oberholzer, J. P. "Die Heidelbergse Kategismus in Afrikaans: 'n Eerste blik op die eerste halfeeu." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 43, no. 1/2 (June 29, 1987): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v43i1/2.5728.

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The Heidelberg Catechism in Afrikaans: A first glance at the first half century.The publication of the first Afrikaans translation of the Heidelberg Catechism in 1936 caused considerable controversy on account of the translated Dutch text. The translation as well as the Dutch original is examined and found to be of a high standard. Some observations are made on the handling of the Catechism by synods itself and the Scripture references accompanying the text.

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9

Van Zyl, H. C. "Vertalingstrategie met die oog op sinopsissamestelling." Verbum et Ecclesia 20, no. 2 (August 10, 1999): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v20i2.613.

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Author is in the process of compiling a synopsis of the synoptic Gospels in Afrikaans. A new, literal translation is being made to serve the needs of synoptic comparison. This article deals with the translation strategy which follows. The strategy rests on two pillars: consistently rendering, as far as possible, a single Greek word by the same Afrikaans equivalent, and keeping as closely as possible to the Greek syntax. Various aspects and problems of this strategy are discussed, illustrated with numerous examples.

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10

Devarenne, Nicole. "Complicity, entanglement, and translation: Three English/Afrikaans texts." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 48, no. 1 (February 4, 2013): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989412470942.

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11

Attridge, Derek. "Contemporary Afrikaans Fiction in the World: The Englishing of Marlene van Niekerk." Tekstualia 3, no. 46 (July 4, 2016): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4213.

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Many of the most ambitious and important South African novels of the past fi fty years have been written in Afrikaans, but in order to reach a global audience the authors have had to turn to translators. Focusing on Marlene van Niekerk’s novels Triomf (1994; English translation by Leon de Kock, 2000) and Agaat (2004; English translation by Michiel Heyns, 2007), this article examines the challenges that this fi ction, and the particular character and social status of different varieties of Afrikaans, present to the translator, and discusses the signifi cance of the differences between versions addressed to an English-speaking South African readership and versions addressed to a global readership. Derrida’s claim that the only thing to be translated is the untranslatable is discussed, and the untranslatability of Triomf and Agaat, it is suggested, also means that they can only be translated and retranslated.

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12

Odendaal, B., and N. Morgan. "’n Verslag oor die vertaling van dertien Jacques Brel-chansons in Afrikaans." Literator 30, no. 2 (July 16, 2009): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v30i2.76.

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A report on the translation of thirteen Jacques Brel chansons into Afrikaans The authors of this article also translated the thirteen Jacques Brel chansons in question into Afrikaans. A brief explanation of the generic nature of the French chanson and an evaluation of Brel’s stature as a twentieth-century chanson writer are followed by background details and a description of the translation process involved. Since literary quality is a particular characteristic of chanson lyrics, several paragraphs are dedicated to a discussion of the poetic nature of Brel’s songs.

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13

Coetzee, Stephen A., and Astrid Schmulian. "The Effect of IFRS Adoption on Financial Reporting Pedagogy in South Africa." Issues in Accounting Education 28, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50386.

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ABSTRACT: South Africa has for many years been involved in and supported the work of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) (formerly the International Accounting Standards Committee [IASC]). Accordingly, South Africa was an early adopter of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This paper highlights two significant effects that the adoption of IFRS has had on accounting education in South Africa. First, both “English” and “Afrikaans” universities have faced, to varying degrees, the challenge of shifting from rule-based pedagogy to framework-based teaching of financial reporting. Second, the Afrikaans universities' primary source of reference for their financial reporting students, namely the financial reporting standards, is no longer available in Afrikaans and as a result introduces the risks and complexities associated with the translation from English into Afrikaans.

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14

Vosloo, FA. "In a burning sea. contemporary afrikaans poetry in translation." Tydskrif vir letterkunde 52, no. 2 (September 14, 2015): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tvl.v52i2.33.

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15

Van Rooy, H. F. "Die vertaling van voorwaardelike konstruksies met die deelwoord in Bybelse Hebreeus in ’n aantal Bybelvertalings." Literator 15, no. 3 (May 2, 1994): 155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v15i3.683.

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The translation of conditional constructions with the participle in Biblical Hebrew in a number of Bible translationsThis article discusses the translation of conditional constructions in Biblical Hebrew in the Septuagint, Vulgate and the Old and New Afrikaans translations. Conditional sentences with a participle in the Hebrew protasis are discussed as well as instances where a participial phrase is substituted for the protasis. Constructions in laws and in narrative contexts are dealt with separately and single, double and complex constructions are distinguished. Participial constructions in laws are mainly translated by relative constructions. The Septuagint frequently has participial translations and the Vulgate uses a number of different constructions. In narrative contexts the Hebrew participles are used in ordinary conditional sentences after conditional particles. The translations mainly use the present tense in the protases of the conditional sentences in narrative contexts.

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16

Mnguni, Aaron. "FINANCIAL TRANSLATION IN SOUTH AFRICA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE INDIGENOUS AFRICAN LANGUAGES." vol 5 issue 15 5, no. 15 (December 28, 2019): 1456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.592118.

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In terms of the Census 2011 in South Africa, the majority of the South African population use indigenous African languages as mother tongue, compared to the minority that use English, Afrikaans and other languages. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) declared Sepedi (N. Sotho), Sesotho, Setswana, Tshivenda, Xitsonga, Afrikaans, English, Siswati, isiNdebele, isiXhosa and isiZulu as official languages of the Republic of South Africa. Even though in 1996 eleven languages were declared official by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996), English and Afrikaans have maintained their pre-1994 status as de facto languages in the technical and scientific fields. The anomaly of the dominance of English and Afrikaans, particularly in the financial industry, has implication for the development of the majority of the citizens in the country, especially in poverty-alleviation and national development interventions. Without paying a special focus on the dynamics in languages, it could be extremely difficult to understand how issues of power, identity, conflict and resistance are established and maintained within organisations and even governments. The purpose of this paper is to investigate reasons for the persistence of the status quo in the positioning of languages in South Africa in particular regarding financial documents. This paper also looks at some of the challenges the African languages are faced with in making inroads in fields such as the finance, as well as implications for the speakers of the African languages over the two decades after the new dispensation was ushered in. The polysystem theory championed by Even-Zohar assists in putting the role translation can play in the effort of developing African languages and putting African languages into perspective. It is also hoped that this paper will contribute towards the debate on intellectualisation of the African languages in South Africa. Keywords: African languages, financial translation, multilingualism, polysystem, poverty, South Africa.

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17

Odendaal, B., and N. Morgan. "“Le plat pays” (Jacques Brel) poëties besing in Afrikaans – aantekeninge oor ikonisiteit in die oorspronklike en vertaalde chansontekste." Literator 30, no. 3 (July 16, 2009): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v30i3.86.

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“Le plat pays” (Jacques Brel) poetically praised in Afrikaans – notes on iconicity in the original and translated chanson texts The authors of this article translated the well-known chanson about Flanders, “Le plat pays”, into Afrikaans as part of an extensive and ongoing Jacques Brel translation project initiated in 2005. In this analysis of both the original and translated “Le plat pays” lyrics, the marked poetic qualities of Brel’s chanson are laid bare, as are some semantic differences – and the implications for the analysis thereof – between source (original) and target (translated) texts.

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18

Wessels, A. "Translating The Waste Land: Literal accuracy, poetic fidelity and cross-cultural communication." Literator 22, no. 2 (August 7, 2001): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v22i2.360.

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The author of this article published an Afrikaans translation of T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land in 1992. This article is a personal contemplation and evaluation of the process of literary translation as experienced in the particular case, referring to aspects of translation theory where relevant. It discusses the unremitting balancing act that literary translation requires, where the translator has to pose the need for as close a literal translation as possible against the need to render, again as faithfully as possible, the comprehensive poetic effect of the work, as regards, for example, stylistic features, emotive force and symbolic significance. Through all of this runs the thread of (a sometimes unconscious) transculturation of the work, partly the result of the desire on the part of the translator to communicate the impact of the poem as successfully as possible to a specific audience with a specific cultural identity and cultural presuppositions. Sometimes the inescapable interpretative nature of literary translation could be attributable to the cultural identity of the translator himself and sometimes it could be the result of the innate cultural dimensions or temper of the recipient language. The problems encountered, solutions arrived at and transcultural evolution effected are illustrated from the (original and translated) texts.

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19

Kassiem, Gava. "Translation and identity: Translation of the Freedom Charter into Afrikaans as a case in point." Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 35, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2017.1384318.

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20

Van der Spuy, R. "’n Alfabeties-akrostiese klaaglied." Literator 32, no. 3 (July 30, 2011): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v32i3.213.

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An alphabetic acrostic lament Laments date back to the start of mankind and are known among all peoples, languages and nations. Laments are often spontaneous and unstructured, but sometimes they are structured in poetic form. The biblical book of Lamentations is structured according to the alphabet. The alphabetic framework that forms the foundation of the book indicates that it has a cognitive advancement/build up, and consists of a logically-anticipated inception/beginning and conclusion. It starts with the first letter of the alphabet and concludes with the last. According to Jewish rabbis the alphabetic acrostic structure indicates that the lamentation was completed in full – from start to finish. With the constant development of Afrikaans a need exists for a contemporary Afrikaans Bible translation. This article is an attempt to present the book of Lamentations in a contemporary alphabetic acrostic Afrikaans translation. The message and structure of the book form a cognitive unit that must be preserved as much as possible. A cognitive unit indicates that the reader anticipates the logical build-up and it makes sense to him/her. The acrostic structure is considered to be not only an inherent part of the poem itself, but it could also be insightful and illuminative to the reader.

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21

De Bruin, Gideon P., Zak J. Nel, and Andrew L. Comrey. "Factor Analysis of an Afrikaans Translation of the Comrey Personality Scales." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3 (December 1997): 867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3.867.

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The factorial validity of an Afrikaans translation of the Comrey Personality Scales, was investigated using a sample of 804 South African university students. Nine factors were extracted and rotated. Eight of the factors were clearly recognisable as the eight factors that comprise Comrey's 1970 taxonomy of personality traits. Coefficients of congruence indicated that seven of the factors were very similar to the factors obtained in the American normative sample. Loadings for The Social Conformity factor were not as high as expected, but this may have been due to the fact that the participants were nonvolunteers who may have been hesitant to reveal nonconforming attitudes and behaviors. These results lend additional support for the factorial validity of the traits in Comrey's taxonomy which have now been identified and replicated in several countries and languages.

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22

de Bruyn, Pieter. "“My Granfather the Hunter”: A Humorous Translation from Afrikaans to English." Meta: Journal des traducteurs 34, no. 1 (1989): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002172ar.

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23

Buitendach, Samantha, and Elizabeth Le Roux. "Travelling Stories: Selling Translation Rights of Afrikaans Fiction to Dutch Publishers." Publishing Research Quarterly 34, no. 2 (April 24, 2018): 288–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12109-018-9574-3.

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24

Petzer, K. "Die tekskritiese notas by die Nuwe Testament van die nuwe Afrikaanse vertaling." Literator 9, no. 1 (May 7, 1988): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v9i1.842.

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The article contains a discussion of the problems of the inclusion of text-critical commentary in a translation of the Bible. The New Testament of the new Afrikaans translation of 1983 is taken as example. Four such problems are discussed: (a) the choice of the texts which are to be supplied by such commentary; (b) the formulation of the notes; (c) the use of brackets in the text; and (d) the inclusion of an introduction.

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25

Constantine, Peter. "WRITING AN UN/BROKEN LANGUAGE: MULTILINGUALISM, TRANSLATION, AND THE RISE OF AFRIKAANS." Translation Review 102, no. 1 (September 2, 2018): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07374836.2018.1519477.

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26

Krüger, J. S. "'Enkelwees' : 'n Vroeë Boeddhistiese gedig." Religion and Theology 1, no. 1 (1994): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157430194x00033.

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AbstractThis article offers an Afrikaans translation of a poem (the Khaggavisanasutta - literally, 'the sutta of the rhinoceros horn') from the Suttanipata, which in all probability contains some of the oldest portions of the Pali canon. Like the other poems in this collection, this one also reflects a stage before the monastic institutionalisation of Buddhism, praising the laying aside cf all violence and the solitary life.

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27

de Klerk, Susan, Christina Jerosch-Herold, Helen Buchanan, and Lana van Niekerk. "Cognitive Interviewing during Pretesting of the Prefinal Afrikaans for the Western Cape Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire following Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation." Occupational Therapy International 2020 (October 10, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3749575.

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When patient-reported measures are translated and cross-culturally adapted into any language, the process should conclude with cognitive interviewing during pretesting. This article reports on translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire into Afrikaans (for the Western Cape). This qualitative component of a clinical measurement, longitudinal study was aimed at the pretesting and cognitive interviewing of the prefinal Afrikaans (for the Western Cape) DASH questionnaire highlighting the iterative nature thereof. Twenty-two females and eight males with upper limb conditions were recruited to participate at public health care facilities in the Western Cape of South Africa. Cognitive interviews were conducted as a reparative approach with an iterative process through retrospective verbal probing during a debriefing session with 30 participants once they answered all 30 items of the translated DASH questionnaire. The sample included Afrikaans-speaking persons from low socioeconomic backgrounds, with low levels of education and employment (24 of 30 were unemployed). Pragmatic factors and measurement issues were addressed during the interviews. This study provides confirmation that both pragmatic factors and measurement issues need consideration in an iterative process as part of a reparative methodology towards improving patient-reported measures and ensuring strong content validity.

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28

Smith, Lesia, Susan Malcolm-Smith, and Petrus J. de Vries. "Translation and cultural appropriateness of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 in Afrikaans." Autism 21, no. 5 (May 25, 2016): 552–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316648469.

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Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 is the ‘gold standard’ autism spectrum disorder observational assessment, and it is increasingly used in South Africa. However, its use is limited to English speakers, as it has not been translated into the country’s other 10 official languages. Moreover, the cultural appropriateness of this tool has not been explored in South Africa. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 was translated into Afrikaans and assessed for cultural appropriateness to the ‘coloured’ population from low-middle socioeconomic status backgrounds in the Western Cape Province. Using a mixed-methods approach, three components associated with method bias in the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 were investigated: language used, social interactions and activities, and materials. An ethnographic investigation of play, social interaction and social activities was conducted in a community sample ( n = 40), and the Afrikaans Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 was pre-piloted in a clinical sample ( n = 7). Results highlighted unique aspects of the language (‘Kaaps’) that need to be considered during Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 administration. The social interaction demands of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 appeared appropriate, and sufficient familiarity with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 materials and activities was found to support the use of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. Guidelines for administration of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 to this population were generated to improve cultural sensitivity and cultural appropriateness and to reduce method bias.

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29

Kruger, Haidee. "Child and adult readers’ processing of foreign elements in translated South African picturebooks." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 25, no. 2 (May 17, 2013): 180–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.25.2.03kru.

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The tension between domesticating and foreignising translation strategies is particularly strongly felt in the translation of children’s literature, and has been a key issue in many studies of such literature. However, despite the pervasiveness of the concepts, there is little existing empirical research investigating how child (and adult) readers of translated children’s books process and respond to for eignised elements in translation. This means that scholars’ arguments in favour of either domestication or foreignisation in the translation of children’s literature are often based on intuition and personal experience, with no substantial empirical basis. This article presents the findings of an experiment undertaken to investigate Afrikaans child and adult readers’ processing of and responses to potentially linguistically and culturally foreign textual elements in translated children’s picturebooks, against the background of postcolonial/neocolonial cultural and linguistic hybridity in South Africa. The paper reports the results relating to two of the research questions informing the study: Does the use of foreignised elements in translated children’s picturebooks have any significant effect on the cognitive effort involved in reading for child and adult readers? Is the comprehension of child and adult readers affected by the use of for eignised elements in translated children’s picturebooks? A reading study utilising eye-tracking was conducted, involving both child and adult participants reading manipulated domesticated and foreignised versions of pages from two picturebooks translated from English to Afrikaans. To answer research question (1), data obtained by means of eye-tracking were analysed for dwell time, fixation count, first fixation duration and glances count for areas of interest (AOIs) reflecting domesticating or foreignising translation strategies. In order to answer question (2), short structured questionnaires or interviews with participants were used, focusing on the degree of comprehension of the two texts. Overall, the findings of the experiment demonstrate that while there are perceptible effects on processing and comprehension associated with the use of foreignising strategies, these effects are not straightforward or uniform, with notable differences not only for different AOIs, but also for child and adult readers.

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30

Kruger, Alet. "The role of discourse markers in an Afrikaans stage translation ofthe merchant of Venice." Journal of Literary Studies 20, no. 3-4 (December 2004): 302–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564710408530359.

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31

De Villiers, Francois T. "TRANSLATION OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN THE AFRIKAANS BIBLE VERSION FOR THE DEAF: A SHORT NOTE." Scriptura 84 (June 12, 2013): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/84-0-866.

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32

Kruger, Alet. "Shakespeare in Afrikaans: A corpus-based study of inuoiuement in different registers of drama translation." Language Matters 35, no. 1 (January 2004): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10228190408566217.

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33

Du Toit, G. C., and D. G. Nel. "Translation and validation of the EORTC QLQ-CX24 questionnaire into the indigenous African languages ofisiXhosaand Afrikaans." Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology 4, no. 2 (January 2012): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20742835.2012.11441196.

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34

Kruger, Haidee. "The translation of cultural aspects in South African children's literature in Afrikaans and English: a micro-analysis." Perspectives 21, no. 2 (June 2013): 156–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.2011.608850.

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35

Van Vuuren, H. "St. Teresa van Avila: sentrale figuur in die werk van Cussons en Van Wyk Louw." Literator 10, no. 3 (May 7, 1989): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v10i3.838.

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A central poem in Van Wyk Louw’s Tristia (1962), is “H. Teresa van Avila flap uit” (literally translated: “Saint Teresa of Avila talks too much/babbles uncontrollably”. This article illustrates how intertextual reading helped to clarify the poem. Teresa of Avila’s The way of perfection (a translation of the Spanish work El Camino de la Perfección, 1573) is the intertext of the Van Wyk Louw poem. In the last section of the article it is shown how the figure of St. Teresa of Avila is central not only to Van Wyk Louw’s Tristia (1962), but also to the oeuvre of Sheila Cussons, which underlines a strong intertextuality between these two Afrikaans oeuvres.

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Butler, Gustav. "Translating the Test of Academic Literacy Levels into Sesotho." Journal for Language Teaching 51, no. 1 (July 5, 2021): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jlt.v51i1.1.

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This article reports on an initiative at the Vaal Triangle Campus (VTC) of North-West University (NWU) towards the active encouragement of functional multilingualism in tertiary education. More specifically, in an effort to support the potential use of Sesotho (Southern Sotho) and isiZulu in the teaching-learning environment at this campus, it was decided that an important first step should be an accurate and reliable determination of students’ levels of academic literacy (AL) in these two languages. Such a measurement would provide an indication of student readiness to make productive use of any extra learning support offered in these languages. Since there are no measuring instruments available to assess students’ academic literacy levels in Sesotho and isiZulu at tertiary level, it was decided thattranslating an existing test may be the most productive option in this case. The test selected for translation into Sesotho and isiZulu was the Test of Academic Literacy Levels (TALL), a test that has consistently shown high reliability measures in the assessment of students’academic literacy levels in English. Because Sesotho is the home language used by the majority of students (other than English and Afrikaans) at the VTC, it was decided that Sesotho would be treated as priority in terms of the completion of the project. The article therefore documents the translation process for Sesotho, and discusses primarily positive findings regarding the creation of a conceptually and functionally adequate Sesotho version of the TALL through a process of translation.

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Fredrick, A., D. Manjarres, D. Jain, Z. Bell, and J. Fink. "Neuropsychological Considerations of the Cultural and Linguistic Challenges of Working with a Bilingual/Bicultural Patient with Multiple System Atrophy (MSA): A Case Report." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 7 (August 30, 2019): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz029.54.

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Abstract Objective This case highlights the importance of understanding bilingualism, English as a second language (ESL), immigration as an older adult, and acculturation, in light of neuropsychological test results of an individual with MSA. Case Description Mrs. X is a right-handed, 73-year-old, South African woman. Her first language is Afrikaans while her second language is English. She has a history of MSA (2015). She reported a significant decline in her previously mastered English fluency. Challenges with language (i.e., reading comprehension, conversation), focus, balance, and activities of daily living, bilateral arm jerks, and difficulties with ambulation, Pisa Syndrome (left), loss of appetite, incontinence, fluctuating temperature, depression, personality changes, and suspected auditory hallucinations were also expressed. Diagnostic Impressions and Outcomes The neurocognitive findings indicated global impairment. Aside from an average score in her reading recognition, and low-average in a test of mental flexibility, Mrs. X had impairment in attention, learning, immediate and delayed memory, executive functioning, receptive and expressive language, confrontation naming, and visuospatial abilities. Mrs. X’s motoric difficulties and parkinsonism made it difficult for her to participate in testing comfortably. Language barriers were prominent: Mrs. X occasionally required English-Afrikaans translation and multiple repetitions of prompts. Summary and impressions of test results acknowledged the cultural and linguistic limitations of the evaluation. She was diagnosed with Major Neurocognitive Disorder secondary to MSA. Discussion In patients with diffuse impairment, it is essential to understand the role of dual language processes, ESL, and cultural limitations of assessments in order to accurately differentiate between neurodegenerative processes (i.e., Alzheimer’s Disease vs. other disorders), as well as to determine the impact of MSA on the linguistic abilities of bilingual individuals.

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Arnold, B. J., H. Du, S. Eremenco, and D. Cella. "Using the FACT-Neurotoxicity Subscale to evaluate quality of life in patients from across the globe." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 17032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17032.

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17032 Background: Translation of Patient Reported Outcomes measures is an essential component of research methodology in preparation for multinational clinical trials. One such measure is the FACT-Neurotoxicity Subscale (FACT-Ntx) which is aimed at the evaluation of quality of life of cancer patients suffering from neurotoxicity, a side effect of certain treatments. Methods: This study set out to linguistically validate the FACT-Ntx for use in Denmark, India, Lithuania and S. Africa. The sample consisted of 176 patients (96 males & 80 females), with varying cancer diagnoses and a mean age of 51 years, speaking 11 languages: Afrikaans (15), Danish (25), Gujarati (15), Hindi (15), Kannada (15), Lithuanian (15), Malayalam (15), Marathi (15), Punjabi (15), Tamil (15) and Telugu (16). The FACT-Ntx was translated using standard FACIT methodology. Patients diagnosed with cancer, at any stage, receiving any treatment experiencing neurotoxicity completed the respective translated version and participated in cognitive debriefing interviews to give their opinion on any problems with the translations or the content of the FACT-Ntx. Statistical analyses (descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and reliability analyses) were performed on the quantitative data. Participant comments were analyzed qualitatively. Results: The FACT-Ntx translations showed good reliability and linguistic validity. The internal consistency of all languages combined was .86. All items correlated at an acceptable level. The Ntx score differed across self-reported Performance Status Rating (PSR) groups (nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test p<.0001). A nonparametric Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approach (with multiple comparison adjusted significance level 0.017) showed a difference between ‘PSR=0’ and ‘PSR=1’ (p=0.0002) and a difference between ‘PSR=0’ and ‘PSR=2’ (p<.0001), both with ‘PSR=0’ patients reporting less neurotoxicity. Conclusions: The FACT-Ntx has shown acceptable reliability and linguistic validity in 11 languages. The instrument has also shown adequate sensitivity in differentiating patients with no symptoms and normal activity from patients reporting some symptoms. We consider these translations acceptable for use in international research and clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Sulzer, Peter. "Arthur Fula." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 54, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tvl.v.54i1.15.

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This is a translation of a chapter entitled "Arthur Fula" from Peter Sulzer's unpublished manuscript Südafrik im Spiegel der Afrikaans Literatur (1965), pages 381-91. This Swiss librarian and Africanist corresponded for at least eight years with Fula and met him in the early 1960s at his place of work, the Johannesburg Magistrate's courts. Fula, a native Xhosa speaker, worked as an interpreter where he also interpreted from Zulu and Sesotho. He published the novels Jôhannie giet die beeld (1954, Johannesburg casts the graven image; The Golden Magnet, 1984) and Met erbarming, O Here (1957, With Compassion, Oh Lord). In this chapter Sulzer provides valuable information on several of Fula's unpublished works of which none has survived. This includes the unpublished novel 'n Zoeloe-dogter (A Zulu Daughter), two novellas "Vader Kalashe" (Pastor Kalashe) and "Matsiliso van Phomolong" (Matsiliso of Phomolong), and several poems. Fula's prose writing often explored the tensions between tradition and modernity. Sulzer's view argued in this chapter is that the author's poetry is "of greater literary value than the novellas". Sulzer' unpublished chapter pro- vides valuable background and literary commentary on a writer who has largely been forgotten.

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Zarandona Fernández, Juan Miguel. "The hybrid language and society (Afrikaans-English) of the South African postcolonial writing of Pauline Smith (1882-1959) in Spanish translation : "Anna's marriage / La boda de Ana" (1925)." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 16 (2003): 297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2003.16.22.

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Marais, J. L. "’n Kort herbetragting van Uys Krige se prosa met verwysing na 'The dream' as sleutelteks." Literator 9, no. 3 (May 7, 1988): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v9i3.852.

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Uys Krigc’s prose has always received less attention from scholars of the Afrikaans literature than his poetry, translations and plays, Krige was never awarded any Afrikaans literary prize for his prose, which evoked comparatively little interest from Afrikaans scholars. This article discusses possible reasons for the above situation regarding Krige’s prose, followed by a critical discussion of several factors that were decisive in the canonization of Krige as a poet, translator and playwright rather than as a prose writer. These include factors such as the reception of Krige’s prose in comparison with the other genres that he practised, and the compilation of anthologies, a practice by which texts are published in a context that differs from the original. The short story “The dream” (from The dream and the desert, 1953) is then discussed briefly, indicating several key features of Krige’s prose as contained in this text. The article concludes with a view that a reassessment of Krige’s work will probably show him to have been a better prose writer than a poet, contrary to past and, to a large extent, present assumptions.

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Kruger, Haidee. "A corpus-based study of the mediation effect in translated and edited language." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 24, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 355–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.24.2.07kru.

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This paper presents the results of a study investigating the hypothesis that the recurrent features, or universals, of translated language are primarily the result of a mediation process that is shared among different kinds of mediated language, rather than the particularities of bilingual language processing. The investigation made use of a comparable corpus consisting of a subcorpus of English texts translated from Afrikaans, a subcorpus of comparable edited English texts, and a subcorpus of comparable unedited (and also untranslated) English texts. The frequency and distribution of linguistic features associated with three of the universals of translated language (explicitation, normalisation/conservatism, and simplification) across the three subcorpora were analysed. The study was guided by the hypothesis that the frequency and distribution of linguistic features associated with the universals of translated language would demonstrate similarities in the two subcorpora of mediated text (i.e., the translated and edited subcorpus), as compared to the subcorpus of unmediated text (i.e., the unedited subcorpus). However, the study yields almost no evidence for a mediation effect that is shared by translated and edited language, at least not along the linguistic features investigated. There is, however, evidence for what appears to be a separate translation-specific effect, which seems likely to be more unconscious, more proceduralised and more related to the linguistic level alone. This offers some support for the hypothesis of universals of translated language that are unique to this kind of text mediation specifically. Furthermore, the findings of the study suggest that editing may involve a different kind of mediation effect altogether, which frequently remains invisible in conventional corpus-based studies comparing translated and non-translated language, and which requires further investigation.

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Pretorius, W. J. "Die hiërargiese ontwikkeling en grammatiese kenmerke van die Noord- Sotho werkwoordstam -ba." Literator 26, no. 3 (July 31, 2005): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v26i3.239.

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The hierarchical development and grammatical features of the Northern Sotho verb stem -ba The objective of this article is to describe the synchronic grammatical features of the Northern Sotho verb stem -ba as well as to indicate the diachronic developmental process of this language form. A lack of sufficient knowledge in this regard exists due to the fact that very little information can be obtained from any publication or research project. The focus of this article is particularly on the structural and semantic characteristics of -ba when functioning as an auxiliary verb stem in word group context. The cognitive meaning as well as various delicate shades of meaning, which are generated as translation possibilities in different contexts, is investigated. Reference is also made to tense and aspect that are respectively determined by the auxiliary and complementary verbs per se. Categorial and hierarchical rank shifting is also illustrated by means of suitable examples. Data and examples are mainly obtained from the study of Pretorius (2004). These examples have been recorded after some sound ground-work has been undertaken. Various examples of auxiliary verb groups have not only been recorded from the literature, but also from daily conversations. It should, however, be made clear that no direct quotations from the literature have been made – only structures from the examples have been selected and processed before being submitted for verification. The data of selected examples have been submitted to three Northern Sotho first language speakers. These people are well equipped in both the practical as well as theoretical knowledge of Northern Sotho. The people concerned are Mr. S.M. Mabule (Vista), Mr. R.J. Mampuru (Vista), and Mr. S.J. Motshegoa (Institute for African Languages). These gentlemen are also fluent in Afrikaans which they all studied at tertiary level.

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Stander, H. F. "Die wetenskaplike onderbou van DieBybel@kinders.co.za." Verbum et Ecclesia 24, no. 2 (November 17, 2003): 474–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v24i2.351.

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One of the latest translations of the Bible in Afrikaans is DieBybel@kinders.co.za. The target group of this Bible is kids. Since this is a children’s Bible, the scientific basis of this project is often overlooked. In this article the translational and semantic principles underlying this Bible are discussed. Valuable experience is being shared with other scholars. It is done in order to equip people who want to undertake similar projects in the future. The need for similar projects in the other official languages of South Africa is also emphasized.

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Neethling, S. J. "On translating A.C. Jordan's Ingqumbo Yeminyanya into Afrikaans." South African Journal of African Languages 17, no. 1 (January 1997): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1997.10587158.

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Neethling, Bertie. "Challenges in translating RL Peteni’s Xhosa novelKwazidengeinto Afrikaans." South African Journal of African Languages 36, no. 1 (June 2016): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2016.1186902.

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Naudé, Jacobus A. "The role of pseudo-translations in early Afrikaans travel writing." Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 26, no. 1 (June 2008): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/salals.2008.26.1.8.423.

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Naudé, Jacobus A. "On the Threshold of the Next Generation of Bible Translations: Issues and Trends." Meta 50, no. 4 (February 4, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019851ar.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to describe the issues and trends facing the next generation of Bible translations. The paper starts with a description of the state of art of Bible translation before exposing features of the recently published Contemporary English Bible (1995), Das NeueTestament (1999), The Schocken Bible, Volume 1 (1995) and the Nieuwe Bijbel Vertaling (New Dutch Version) (2004). In the second part of the twentieth century a primary concern for meaning and readability has influenced the trend to produce translations which are more reflective of dynamic equivalence than formal equivalence. Examples are the Bible in Today’s English (1976), the Groot Nieuws Bijbel (Bible in Today’s Dutch) (1983) and the Nuwe Afrikaanse Vertaling (New Afrikaans Version) (1983). At the turn of the century translations with communication as their primary function were created (normally a rewriting of an existing translation in a modern vernacular by a single translator/editor), for example The Message in English (2000) and Afrikaans (2002). However, all these translations depend heavily on the reader’s ability to understand a written text. A new trend in Bible translation will take into consideration the requirements of the hearer, as well as those of the reader (the translation has to be read out aloud, heard and listened to). A shift away from the typical language usage of the Bible translations in the second half of the 20th century is the offing i.e. by instilling a new awareness in the minds of the readers to the sociocultural distance between them and the source culture.

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Tolmie, D. Francois. "Die vertaling van ἐξουσία [eksousia] in Johannes 1:12." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 68, no. 1 (January 11, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v68i1.1057.

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The translation of ἐξουσία [eksousia] in John 1:12. A survey of Bible translations in Afrikaans, Dutch, English, German and French indicates that the term ἐξουσία [eksousia] in John 1:12 is translated in different ways by translators. In Afrikaans the options available to translators are ‘gesag’ (‘authority’), ‘mag’ (‘might’), ‘krag’ (‘power’), ‘reg’ (‘right’) and ‘voorreg’ (‘privilege’). In this article, the translation into Afrikaans of the term in John 1:12 is considered. The article begins with an overview of choices made by previous translators in this regard, as well as an overview of how the term is interpreted in dictionaries and by commentators. This is followed by an investigation of the other occurrences of the term in the Fourth Gospel, and suggestions as to the way it should be interpreted in each case. The use of the term in John 1:12 is then considered. It is proposed that the best translation of the term in Afrikaans is ‘mag’ (‘might’).

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Van der Merwe, Christo H. J. "The Bible in Afrikaans: A direct translation – A new type of church Bible." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 68, no. 1 (January 11, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v68i1.1204.

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Translating the Bible so that target audiences can easily understand the meaning of the text has dominated the theory and practice of Bible translation since the 1960s. Source oriented translations that are typically associated with word-for-word translations received little theoretical reflection. However, developments in Translation Studies have made it clear that the latter type of translations do not provide the type of equivalence more conservative churches really call for. The story of the Bible in Afrikaans relates to how the Bible Society of South Africa (BSSA) has taken seriously the needs of churches in South Africa for a source- oriented translation and teamed up with scholars to develop an academically justifiable model for a new type of church Bible. The functionalist model of Christiane Nord (1997) was used as point of departure and complimented by that of Ernst-August Gutt (2000). Pointing out the accomplishments and challenges of this pioneering project, this article paves the way for a scholarly discourse on source-oriented translations of the Bible.

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