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Journal articles on the topic 'Translation metaphors'
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1
Ismail Omar, Lamis. "The Stylistic Amplification of Conceptual Metaphors in Translating Shakespeare into Arabic by Mohamed Enani." Arab World English Journal For Translation and Literary Studies 4, no. 4 (2020): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol4no4.5.
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Translating Shakespeare into Arabic is a century-old cultural project which is still a source of challenge for translators who adopt a source-text-oriented approach that attempts to simulate the original in content, form and impact. Shakespeare’s texts are rife with metaphoric language which serves multiple functions on the cognitive, cultural, pragmatic as well as stylistic levels. This paper aims to analyse the translation of literary metaphors from a stylistic perspective in Mohamed Enani’s version of Othello. The analysis is conducted in the framework of conceptual metaphor theory which provides a microscopic description of how metaphors are influenced by the translation process. The findings of the analysis unveil the translation strategy adopted by Enani to reflect the stylistic function of metaphors while preserving their cognitive content and reveals that translating metaphors is influenced by the cognitive and professional background of the translator. Amplification emerges as a successful translation strategy which is used to extend metaphors creatively thus adding cognitive value to the Source Text content and compensating for a possible loss in the style of the Target Text. This paper concludes that, contrary to the prevalent assumptions, a source-text-oriented approach can deliver an accurate yet stylistically-functional translation if the translator is creative enough and willing to exert an additional cognitive effort similar to that exerted by the original writer. Enani’s translations of Shakespeare into Arabic are worth a life-long research project on the translation of style in literature.
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Bazzi, Samia. "Foreign metaphors and Arabic translation." Journal of Language and Politics 13, no. 1 (2014): 120–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.1.06baz.
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This paper attempts to bridge translation studies on metaphor with perspectives from cognitive and critical discourse studies. It provides a new contribution to the study of the interplay between language and politics by investigating the ideological motivations behind choices made by Arab journalists/translators in translating metaphors in reports of world events, in the Middle East in particular. The analytic approach adopted for the purpose of this study draws inspiration from cognitive linguistics, critical discourse studies, and descriptive translation studies. Through a comparative study of a corpus of news representations in Western and Middle Eastern sources, the study scrutinizes the role of metaphor in our perception of reality and interpretation of a news event. Based on an examination of the processing of metaphor in professional translations, the study concludes that metaphors can be classified into two main types in terms of media translation: the cultural type and the ideological type and that each of these is approached differently by translators. The generalized findings concerning these two types of translational patterns are supported by input from Arabic-speaking university-level students of translation studies, in the form of parallel translations by the students and notes on their subsequent classroom discussion.
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I Gede, Megantara. "THE TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS FOUND IN THE NOVEL TARIAN BUMI INTO ENGLISH." Lingua Scientia 24, no. 2 (2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ls.v24i2.18806.
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The study concerned on the translation analysis of Indonesian conceptual metaphors found in the novel Tarian Bumi into English as found in its translation novel entitled Earth Dance. The objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the types of Indonesian conceptual metaphor and the translation strategies applied in translating them. The data were the sentences and quotations which belonged to Indonesian conceptual metaphors found in the Indonesian novel Tarian Bumi and their translation products that were found in the novel Earth Dance. This study applied the theoretical framework proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) in identifying and analyzing the Indonesian conceptual metaphors. Meanwhile, in revealing the translation strategies used by the translator of the novel, the study applied the theoretical framework proposed by Larson (1998). Based on observation, this study revealed that Tarian Bumi consisted of 102 Indonesian conceptual metaphors in which are divided into three types; 46 data (45%) were identified as structural metaphors, 40 data (39%) were ontological metaphors, and 16 (16%) data were orientational metaphor. Based on the investigation of translation strategy, it was found that the translator applied the strategy of translating metaphor into metaphor by 72 data found (70.6%), metaphor into non-figurative language by 26 data found (25.5%), and metaphor into simile by 4 data found (3.9%).
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Demaecker, Christine. "Wine-tasting metaphors and their translation." Food and terminology 23, no. 1 (2017): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.23.1.05dem.
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In winespeak, metaphors are a real challenge for the translator. Indeed, many metaphoric expressions cannot be found in dictionaries and their true meaning is not defined. The only basis for their translation seems to be the conceptual basis they are built upon. Indeed, wine tasting metaphors are linguistic realisations of conceptual metaphors, with mappings from well-known domains used to understand and communicate the intangible experience of taste. Various conceptual metaphors appear in the same tasting note, creating a complex blend, or conceptual integration pattern. So the translation procedures generally put forward in translation studies, based on the linguistic conception of metaphor, appear inappropriate. The cognitive translation hypothesis offers a good basis to compare source and target text wine-tasting metaphors.
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Al-Sowaidi, Belqes, Tawffeek Mohammed, and Felix Banda. "Translating Conceptual Qur’anic Metaphor: A Cogno-Translational Approach." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 1 (2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0014.
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This study will investigate metaphor translation as a natural phenomenon. It will analyze some of the problems involving the translation of metaphorical expressions in two Qur’anic translations, namely, Yusuf Ali's The Holy Qur’an: Text, Translation and Commentary and Laleh Mehree Bakhtiar's The Sublime Qur’an. The analysis in this study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as a cognitive framework of metaphor, which helps conciliate the cultural specificity of metaphors and their transference into linguistically and culturally unrelated languages. The present analysis is based on Mandelblit’s Cognitive Translation Hypothesizes (CTH) (Mandelblit (1995), Maalej’s strategies of translating metaphor (Maalej, 2002, 2008) and Kövecses’s concept of Cultural Variation (Kövecses, 2002,2006). This kind of eclecticism provides a wide-ranging approach to be followed while analyzing the translation of Qur'anic metaphors. The approach used in this study does not only deal with the linguistic aspects of Qur'anic metaphors, but also pays attention to their conceptual and cultural aspects. Cross-cultural variation can affect the outcome of translating metaphorical expressions. Thus, the translator is obliged to adopt certain strategies to preserve the subtle nuances of the original Arabic text and its socio-cultural context, while at the same time ensuring that the translation is accessible to the target audience. This study concludes that most of the conceptual metaphors under scrutiny have been literally translated into English, which is frequently inaccurate. English and Arabic often diverge in their conceptualization in general texts, but especially in sensitive texts like the Qur'an. Therefore, the conceptualizations of some Qur'anic metaphors are often lost in translation.
 
 Received: 19 July 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021
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Vaivadaitė-Kaidi, Eglė. "Conceptual metaphors of TIME in translation: The Seasons by Kristijonas Donelaitis." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 4 (March 5, 2015): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17471.
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This research focuses on conceptual TIME metaphors in Kristijonas Donelaitis’s The Seasons in order to supplement a so far scarce research in Lithuania of conceptual metaphors in translation, as time metaphors constitute fundamental aspects of culture and communication (Lakoff, Turner 1989). The present research aims to 1) analyze conceptual time metaphors in The Seasons and systemize them; 2) determine whether the metaphors are preserved in the translations of The Seasons: into Spanish (Caro Dugo 2013), English (Tempest 1985) and German (Passarge 1999).Text fragments were selected from The Seasons with hyponyms of the time concept which were analyzed based on the methodology of conceptual metaphors. Linguistic aspects of conceptual metaphors were compared with the mentioned translations. All the examples were analyzed based on the methodology of translation of linguistic aspects of conceptual metaphors as specified by Kövecses (2005).The following conceptual time metaphors were found in The Seasons: TIME IS OBJECT, TIME IS VOLUME, TIME IS LIMITED RIGHTS, TIME IS PLANT, TIME IS FOOD, TIME IS FESTIVAL, TIME IS MOVING OBJECT, TIME IS CHARACTER, TIME IS HUMAN, TIME IS ANIMAL.By comparing the linguistic aspects of the conceptual time metaphors in The Seasons by Donelaitis and the way they are rendered across several languages, it was determined that most often the conceptual metaphor in translation is preserved, i.e. the conceptual metaphor as well as its literal and figurative meaning are the same in both the original text and the translation. Only one case was found when the literal meaning and the underlying conceptual metaphors were different in the original and all three translations; however, the figurative meaning is maintained. In some cases the conceptual metaphor and its linguistic expression are different in the original text and the translation. Such cases probably occur due to the fact that the translator chooses a different source domain, which changes the conceptual metaphor and the mappings. Another reason could be concerned with the translator’s decision to distance himself/herself from the original due to linguistic and cultural aspects or text-specific factors.
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Ghanooni, Ali Reza. "A cross-cultural study of metaphoric imagery in Shakespeare’s Macbeth." Translation and Interpreting Studies 9, no. 2 (2014): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.9.2.05gha.
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Metaphor is an important literary device, and its translation poses the challenge of switching between different cultural, conceptual, and linguistic frames of reference. This study uses cross-cultural comparison to investigate the metaphoric imagery used in six translations of Shakespeare’s Macbeth into three languages: French, Italian, and Persian. To accomplish the aims of the study, metaphoric images in this play were identified in the source and target texts and then subjected to comparative analysis using Newmark’s categorization of strategies for translating metaphors. After analyzing the translations in the above-mentioned languages, it became apparent that all the translators, including the two Persian translators, tended to retain the same metaphoric images as in the source text. This is somewhat surprising given the greater linguistic and cultural distance between English and Persian. The findings suggest that the literal treatment of metaphors — and not their explicitation — may be a translation universal, at least in regard to canonical texts.
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Shalimova, D. V., and I. V. Shalimova. "Peter Newmark's Translation Procedures as Applied to Metaphors of Literary Texts (Based on Stephen King's Works)." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 1 (2020): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-1-278-287.
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The present research featured P. Newmark's translation strategy and procedures applied to the translation of metaphors in literary texts, namely Stephen King's oeuvre. The study revealed the effect of functional style on metaphor translation. The type of metaphor, e.g. dead, cliché, stock, adapted, recent, and original, also proved important for adequate translation. The authors performed a comparative and correlative analysis of metaphors in translations made by different authors. The study was based on descriptive, cognitive, semantic, and lexicographic methods. The general functional analysis revealed grammar and lexical transformations that metaphors undergo in the process of application of P. Newmark's translation strategy and procedures. The article focuses on the optimal ways of metaphor translation as described by P. Newmark. The translator can preserve the original image in the translated text, keep the original metaphor, replace the original image with a common one, render the metaphor using a figurative comparison while preserving the original image and notion explication, ignore the notion explication of the metaphor, or totally remove the image. The analysis proved the significance of P. Newmark's approach to metaphor translation and its methodological value for modern translation theory and practice. The results obtained can be applied both in professional translation and in corresponding disciplines.
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Kuo, Yun-Hsuan, and Fu-Chu Chou. "Interpretation as a factor influencing translation: the case of a biblical metaphor." International Journal of Language, Translation and Intercultural Communication 3 (January 29, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ijltic.38.
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This paper identifies interpretation as a crucial factor influencing translation of biblical metaphors. Data are drawn from five Chinese Bible translations. Qualitative analysis is conducted. The results show that it is highly likely for translators’ interpretation of biblical metaphors to affect the metaphor translation. More researches probing into translation variations of biblical metaphors in Chinese Bible translations are called for.
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Abdo, Ibrahem Mohamad Khalefe Bani. "Preserving Style in Translating Metaphors of a Literary Text from English into Arabic." Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS) 9, no. 4 (2020): 1559–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25255/jss.2020.9.4.1559.1574.
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This paper investigates the stylistics issues in translating metaphors of George Orwell's Animal Farm from English into two different Arabic translations and whether the metaphors’ style is maintained or not in the target texts. The research presents concepts related to metaphor translation such as text types and semantic/ communicative translation. This study is based on Newmark’s (1988) classifications of metaphors. The data are selected randomly from the novel, then the target texts equivalents are provided to investigate the maintaining of metaphors’ style in TT (1) and TT (2) as compared to the ST. The study concludes that the translators try their best to reproduce the same image in the TT (target text) as closely as possible. Although, it is important for a metaphor to be retained in the translation, however, the study reveals that some metaphors has been translated word-by-word in both target texts (TT1 and TT2). TT (2) follows the target readers’ culture (Arabic culture) in translating some of these metaphors to some-extent more than the TT (1). Metaphors are translated in both denotative and connotative associations. TT2 has deleted some metaphors from the translation (TT2) which may cause some loss in meaning. TT1 is to some-extent successfully conveyed all metaphors which may express the translator’s fluency as a well-known author. Omissions reveal that TT2 is conventional to the target culture. Finally, the study concludes that TT1 is more restricted to the ST style; whereas, TT2 is restricted more to the target language (Arabic).
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Sekret, Iryna. "Strategies of conveying metaphors in political discourse: analysis of the Turkish translations of George Orwell's “Animal Farm”." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 6, no. 4 (2020): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v6n4.911.
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Translating metaphor and metaphoric expressions is one of the disputable problems in translation studies due to the conceptual discrepancies which exist between the source culture and the target readership, moreover, if the metaphor plays a crucial role in creating an appeal to the reader as in the political text. In this respect, it is under the discussion of how to deal with a metaphor when translating political discourse, and what are the dominating strategies and traditions of translating metaphoric units in Turkish translations. Caused by the theoretical and practical urgency of the problem, this paper is aimed to analyze strategies of conveying metaphors from English to Turkish based on the novel “Animal Farm” by George Orwell and its Turkish translations by Sedat Demir and Celal Üster. To achieve the aims of the research the efforts were undertaken to compare the original text with its two different translations. For the precise analysis, Old Major’s speech was thoroughly scrutinized on the point of the metaphoric expressions in the text and their correspondences in the Turkish translations.
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Wang, Leyang. "A Case Study on the Translation of Metaphors in Red Sorghum." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 4 (2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n4p89.
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Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum is well known for its creative and initiative usage of metaphors. When it is translated into English, the translator has to evaluate the cultural differences between Chinese and English. The current study takes the translation of metaphors in Red Sorghum as an example to illustrate how cultural elements influence translation. The representative examples selected hereby were analyzed on the basis of the Relevance Theory and at the same time different cultural elements were taken into account to provide solid evidence. This essay proposes that translations of metaphors in Red Sorghum can be divided into four types: from metaphor to simile, from metaphor to metaphor with the tenor and vehicle unchanged, replacing the vehicle, deleting the vehicle. In order to facilitate target readers’s inferential process and help them establish the optimal relevance, the translator has to deliberate the disparities of the cultures in the source language and target language and then demonstrate the appropriate ostensive stimuli. No matter what measures the translator takes, it can not be sepearated from the corresponding cultural elements.
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Liu, Yiqing, and Caiwen Wang. "In Other Words." International Journal of Translation, Interpretation, and Applied Linguistics 3, no. 2 (2021): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtial.20210701.oa2.
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This empirical study takes a cognitive perspective and examines the translation of metaphors in speeches by Chinese President Xi Jinping as collected in the first volume of the book The Governance of China published in 2014. The study draws upon Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory and Newmark's categories of translation procedure for metaphors. The researchers' data analysis has shown that (1) four out of the eight existing translation procedures for metaphors are employed in translating Xi's metaphors, and (2) while the use of one translation procedure reflects similar cognitive mapping conditions between the source and the target culture, the use of the other procedures does not always correlate with the similarities or differences in cognitive mappings between the two cultures in question. The research raises new inquiries regarding metaphor translation, and the researchers accordingly discuss the implications of their findings for metaphor translation pedagogy and future translation studies.
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Milić, Goran, and Dubravka Vidaković Erdeljić. "Can we profit from a loss and still expect substantial gains? Grammatical metaphors as discourse builders and translational choices in English and Croatian discourse of economics." ExELL 7, no. 1 (2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/exell-2020-0004.
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Abstract The present paper starts from proposed points of synergy between Halliday’s (1998) grammatical metaphors and conceptual metaphors as proposed in Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Ritchie & Zhu, 2015) and concentrates on the nature and function of lexical choices in expert texts on economics in English and their translations in Croatian. The paper identifies and inspects the proposed instantiation types of grammatical metaphor (e.g. nominalizations and transformations to a verb or adjective as instances of transcategorization, taking place not only between lexical items, but also between syntactic categories and through series of transformations. Translational choices and strategies employed in their Croatian translations are then examined to determine the degree of overlap in the adoption and use of grammatical metaphor as both a language possibility and a translation strategy. The choice of translations of economics discourse from English into Croatian aims to test the hypothesis that translations, especially literal ones and those of novel metaphors may introduce new linguistic metaphors in the target language (Samaniego Fernández et al., 2005).
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Pedersen, Jan. "How metaphors are rendered in subtitles." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 29, no. 3 (2017): 416–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.16038.ped.
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Abstract Metaphors have been thoroughly studied as translation problems in recent decades. However, they are still under-researched in the subfield of audiovisual translation. This is strange since this mode of translation, particularly subtitling, has very special conditions which complicate the translating of metaphors, such as the interplay between dialogue, image and subtitles, as well as severe time and space constraints. This paper investigates how metaphors in the British sitcom Yes, Prime Minister were subtitled into Swedish. The results show that subtitlers treat metaphors as an important language feature, less prone to omission than other features. Furthermore, monocultural metaphors, which are not shared between cultures, are subtitled using more strategies than transcultural ones. Metaphors are also subtitled differently depending on the degree of entrenchment. Typically for metaphor translation, there is a loss of metaphor force, but more research is needed to ascertain whether this is media-specific or a general translation effect of growing standardization.
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Shanti Manipuspika, Yana. "Analyzing Translation of Metaphor: A Case Study." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 2, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v2n1p1.
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<em>Metaphor translation is often considered as one of the general problems of “untranslatability”. This is due to the fact that metaphors are generally associated with indirectness; therefore, it is hard to translate. It is also often influenced by the culture. Thus, the translator has to carefully consider how to translate metaphor. This paper analyzes metaphor translation in Lauren Kate’s novel entitled Fallen using a framework proposed by Peter Newmark (1988). It is revealed that there are five procedures applied to translate the metaphors namely reproducing the same image in the TL, replacing SL image with a standard TL image, translating metaphor by simile, converting the metaphor into sense, and deleting the metaphor. The possible reasons to use the particular procedures are because the SL images are universal images, the SL images have broad definition or quality, the SL images are confusing, the SL images are offensive, and the SL images are religious terms.</em>
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Kalda, Anu, and Mari Uusküla. "The Role of Context in Translating Colour Metaphors: An Experiment on English into Estonian Translation." Open Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2019): 690–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2019-0038.
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AbstractContemporary theory on metaphor states that metaphor is conceptual, conventional, and part of the ordinary system of thought and language. It has been argued that metaphors can become a translation problem, since transferring them from one language and culture to another may be restricted by linguistic and cultural differences. We investigated how colour metaphors are translated from English into Estonian. To understand how metaphors are translated, a cognitive empirical study was carried out with 21 colour metaphors. The experiment was conducted with two separate groups of volunteers. The first group participated in a context-based translation task, the second in a context-free one.The experiment indicates that colour metaphors are culture specific. It also revealed that context plays a crucial role in the comprehension and translation of colour metaphors. The more novel and original the metaphor is, the more varied are the translation strategies used by the participants (e.g. yellow-bellied person). Differences in translation choices were obvious between translators and non-translators. Qualitative differences appeared as translators were more target culture oriented and non-translators more source culture oriented, for example.
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Tebbit, Simon, and John J. Kinder. "Translating developed metaphors." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 3 (2016): 402–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.3.03teb.
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Cognitive understandings of metaphor have led to significant advances in understandings of how to translate metaphor. Theoretical accounts of metaphor not as a figure of speech but as a mode of thought, have provided useful tools for analysis and for translation work. This has usually happened at the level of individual metaphorical expressions, while the deeper lesson of cognitive theories has not been taken to heart by translation scholars, with a few signal exceptions. In this article we explore the potential of Conceptual Metaphor Theory for translating related metaphorical expressions within a specific text. We propose a model for understanding metaphor translation that takes as its unit of analysis not the individual metaphorical expression but the conceptual metaphor, of which the metaphorical expression is but a particular instantiation. It is this theoretical grounding that will allow us to propose a model for translating developed metaphors and related metaphorical expressions.
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Keshvari, Seyyed Ali, and Razieh Eslamieh. "TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF BODY-RELATED METAPHORS IN THE HOLY KORAN BY YUSUF ALI, MARMADUKE PICKTHAL, AND THOMAS IRVING." Indonesian EFL Journal 3, no. 1 (2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v3i1.653.
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The present study is a Corpus-based research which analyzes the translation of Body-Related Metaphors in the Holy Koran by Yusuf Ali, Marmaduke Pickthal and Thomas Irving, within the framework of Newmark�s procedures of metaphor translation. The data analyzed consists of a sample of 107 words and phrases which are categorized as metaphors of ear, eye, face, and hand. Out of the seven procedures proposed by Newmark for translating metaphors, the translators applied five procedures. None of the translators applied Newmark�s fourth or sixth procedure and no new procedure was observed. The results revealed that among 107 metaphors examined, there is a general tendency (57.94%) towards reproducing the same image in the TL, and the three translators translated 68 metaphors (63.55%) using similar procedures. This study concludes that the likely and the most frequent metaphor translation procedures in the Holy Koran are: (1) to reproduce the same image in the TL, Newmark�s first procedure; and (2) to convert metaphor to sense (literal meaning), Newmark�s fifth procedure.Keywords: metaphor, the Holy Koran, Peter Newmark, procedure
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Skibińska, Elżbieta, and Piotr Blumczyński. "Polish metaphorical perceptions of the translator and translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 21, no. 1 (2009): 30–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.21.1.02ski.
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The paper offers a comprehensive overview of the Polish metaphorics of translation. It starts by examining the Polish linguistic image of translating, followed by a survey of metaphorical descriptions of the translator and translation from the 18th century, representing the pre-scientific era in reflection on translation. Most attention is devoted to metaphors found in contemporary Polish discourse on translation, centered around: (1) the nature of translation; (2) the relationship between the source and target text, and between the author and translator; and (3) the role of the translator. It is demonstrated that the Polish context offers a rich repertoire of metaphorical depictions of translating, which reflects its distinctive historical and cultural setup.
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Simanjuntak, Mariati. "Analysis on the Types and Translation Procedures of English Metaphors into Indonesian in “The Sky is Falling”." JET (Journal of English Teaching) 3, no. 3 (2018): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/jet.v3i3.761.
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The aims of this research are to find the types of metaphors and the translation procedures used in translating the metaphors in the novel The Sky is Falling by Sidney Sheldon. This research used qualitative approach, and the data were taken from the novel The Sky is Falling by Sydney Sheldon, and its Indonesian version Langit Runtuh, translated by Hidayat Saleh. The main instruments of this research were the researcher herself, and the data sheets which contained the types of metaphors and the translation procedures applied. To achieve trustworthiness, the data has been checked by experts. The results of the research show that there are four types of metaphors found in the novel. They are cliché metaphors (5 data or 12.82%), adapted metaphors (5 data or 12.82%), stock/standard metaphors (11 data or 28.20%), and original metaphors (18 data or 46.16%). There are also four translation procedures applied, namely, replacing SL image with standard TL image (2 data or 5.13%), translation of metaphor by simile retaining the image (5 data or 12.82%), conversion of metaphor to sense (7 data or 17.95%), and reproducing the same image in the TL (25 data or 64.10%). Original metaphors are the mostly used metaphors in this novel possibly because the writer can describe events, objects, or situations in his novel more effectively by creating his own metaphors. The procedure of reproducing the same image in the TL is the one mostly applied because it provides the best translation possible to convey the message from the SL while still maintaining the context of the SL.
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Xia, Mengzhu. "Analysis of Metaphor Translation from the Perspective of Relevance Theory—A Case Study of the Translation of Metaphor in Fortress Besieged." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 12, no. 1 (2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1201.21.
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Fortress Besieged is a unique satirical novel in the history of Chinese contemporary literature. It is deeply loved by readers at home and abroad for its humorous and refined language. There are abundant Chinese metaphors in the novel, so it is of certain significance to explore the translation of metaphors for the cultural exchanges between China and the West. Taking the English translation of Fortress Besieged as the research subject, this paper explores how to translate metaphor in novel from the perspective of relevance theory. It is found that the translator adopts the following methods in dealing with metaphor translation: retaining the original metaphor image, transforming the original metaphor image, retaining the original metaphor image and annotating it, explaining or omitting the original metaphor image.
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Vegara Fabregat, Laura. "Legal metaphors in translation." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 2, no. 2 (2015): 330–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.2.2.06veg.
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There is wide literature on metaphor and legal language (e.g., Henly 1987; Twardzisz 2008, amongst many others). Certainly, metaphor is a part of legal language (Alcaraz and Hughes 2002: 43), but not just an ornamental part. Metaphors may play a very important role in legal texts, a cognitive role. They can convey intricate legal notions and may also communicate certain opinions and perspectives (Dickerson 1996: 374; Joo 2002: 23). Another interesting aspect connected with metaphors in the language of law is translation. We must bear in mind that legal translation has its own special difficulties, such as complex terminology and usually two very dissimilar legal systems as background (Soriano 2002: 53; Gémar 2002: 167). Metaphorical expressions constitute an additional hindrance for legal translators since they transfer a metaphorical image together with a legal concept. In the present study we aim at analysing some metaphorical expressions found in the United States Supreme Court opinions and their translation. We will focus on the scrutiny of some English–Spanish translation strategies in order to comment on the solutions adopted. Our hope is to shed some light on the field of legal translation regarding metaphors.
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Ashuja’a, Abdulhameed A., Sumaiah M. Almatari, and Ali S. Alward. "Exploring Strategies of Translating Metaphor from English into Arabic with Reference to Scientific Texts." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 7, no. 3 (2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.7n.3p.26.
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Metaphors play an important role in conveying meaning not only in literary texts but also in scientific genres. Although there have been many translation studies on metaphor in literary texts, studies on metaphor translation in scientific settings seem to have been overlooked and received less attention. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the strategies used in translating scientific metaphors from English to Arabic by Yemeni senior translation students in three universities. This was achieved by using a translation test consisting of (33) metaphors selected from various sources based on Lakoff and Johnsen’s (1980; 2003) classification of metaphor. The test was given to a sample of 91 students who were randomly selected. 72 participants completed the test. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results showed that eight strategies, adapted from Alshunnag (2016), were used. The highly frequent strategy was the literal strategy and the least frequent was the explication strategy. The use of literal strategy indicated the difficulty of finding a metaphorical expression of a different type for the English metaphors in Arabic which might be due to the limited time available for translation and lack of knowledge of the metaphorical structure in both the source and target languages. It was recommended, therefore, that more comparative studies should be done to help improve translation training offered to students who should also be provided with training sessions which are more conducive to learning.
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Sun, Yi, and Ruiyang Li. "A Semiotic Perspective of Metaphor Translation." Chinese Semiotic Studies 16, no. 2 (2020): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/css-2020-0014.
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AbstractThis paper reports on a translation project launched at Xi’an International Studies University (XISU) in 2017 that focuses on political news published by Hanban, which offers a platform for instructions and services for Chinese language and culture globally. Assisted by the metaphor identification method MIPVU (Metaphor Identification Procedure from Vrije Universiteit) and the data retrieval software HyConc, metaphors in the self-established corpus were efficiently and comprehensively identified. The metaphors were classified into 12 categories based on metaphorical images in the source domains. Next, an analysis of the cultural, communicative, and political characteristics or features of the metaphors was conducted under the framework of semiotics by using a diversity of images of the metaphors’ corresponding signifier and signified to trace the emergence, processing/understanding, and transformation of the metaphors through translation. Ultimately, three feasible translation techniques are proposed that are suitable for different types of metaphors: 1) preserving the metaphorical image, 2) preserving the metaphorical image with annotation, and 3) transforming the metaphorical image, in pursuit of providing reference for translators in related translation practice.
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Hanić, Jasmina, Tanja Pavlović, and Alma Jahić. "Translating emotion-related metaphors: A cognitive approach." ExELL 4, no. 2 (2016): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/exell-2017-0008.
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Abstract The paper explores the existence of cognitive linguistics principles in translation of emotion-related metaphorical expressions. Cognitive linguists (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Lakoff, 1987) define metaphor as a mechanism used for understanding one conceptual domain, target domain, in terms of another conceptual domain, source domain, through sets of correspondences between these two domains. They also claim that metaphor is omnipresent in ordinary discourse. Cognitive linguists, however, also realized that certain metaphors can be recognized and identified in different languages and cultures whereas some are language- and culture-specific. This paper focuses on similarities and variations in metaphors which have recently become popular within the discipline of Translation Studies. Transferring and translating metaphors from one language to another can represent a challenge for translators due to a multi-faceted process of translation including both linguistic and non-linguistic elements. A number of methods and procedures have been developed to overcome potential difficulties in translating metaphorical expressions, with the most frequent ones being substitution, paraphrase, or deletion. The analysis shows the transformation of metaphorical expressions from one language into another and the procedures involving underlying conceptual metaphors, native speaker competence, and the influence of the source language.
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VEISI HASAR, Rahman, and Ehsan PANAHBAR. "Metaphor in Translation: Cognitive Perspectives on Omar Khayyam’s Poetry as Rendered into English and Kurdish." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 7, no. 2 (2017): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.7.2.19-36.
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As cognitive linguistics puts it, metaphor as a cognitive phenomenon can not be relegated to linguistic expression. Therefore, in order to analyze metaphor in translation, cognitive translation hypothesis investigates its translatability and metaphorical equivalence at the conceptual level. However, in such case, the conceptual metaphor is dealt with without considering its significant relationship to the cultural models. Based on Cienki’s theory (1999) postulating that the relation of the conceptual metaphor to the cultural model is similar to that of a profile to a base, and that the possibility of the interpretation and production of the conceptual metaphor depends on the cultural model, the present research reinvestigates the cognitive translation hypothesis from this perspective. The research findings reveal that translators have mostly been successful in translating metaphors dependent on shared cultural models, however, have failed to recreate metaphors dependent on non-shared cultural models. Accordingly, same mapping condition and different mapping condition are strongly dependent on the relationship between metaphors and cultural models. Thus SMC and DMC should be redefined in relation to cultural model.
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Cristofoli, Mirella, Gunhild Dyrberg, and Lilian Stage. "Metaphor, Meaning and Translation." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 11, no. 20 (2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v11i20.25454.
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Over the last decades, metaphor has been subject to intensive research within philoso-phy, psychology, psychiatry, pedagogics, etc., whereas there has been less focus on the study of metaphor as a linguistic utterance. But to a translator metaphor is a very intriguing practical linguistic problem. How do we translate for instance the Danish metaphor blæksprutte? In this article, we will discuss to what extent ordinary dictionaries may be of use (can you look up the metaphor blæksprutte?) and will describe the data-base of metaphors that we are establishing with examples from economic and political texts in Danish, French and Italian. The database is organized as a thesaurus where metaphorical utterances are categorized under Meaning and Source domain and where translators may find inspiration when having to render metaphors in the three lan-guages.
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Sullivan, Karen, and Elena Bandín. "Censoring metaphors in translation: Shakespeare's Hamlet under Franco." Cognitive Linguistics 25, no. 2 (2014): 177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0016.
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AbstractIn the three versions of Hamlet translated during the Franco regime in Spain, metaphors related to the censored themes of sex and religion were altered or removed. In this study, we employ the Metaphor Identification Procedure (Pragglejaz Group 2007) to identify all metaphors involving sex and religion in Shakespeare's Hamlet and its three Franco-era Spanish translations. We find that under the influence of censorship, authors employ many of the strategies for metaphor translation also used for uncensored texts, such as those identified by Newmark (1981), van den Broeck (1981), and Toury (1995). However, we argue that censorship encourages strategies judged as less preferable, more extreme, or which are not usually discussed in translation studies. These strategies appear to be selected specifically to remove the material subject to censorship, whether this is found in the source domain (vehicle) or the target domain (tenor) of a metaphor.
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Arfianti, Nur Indah, MR Nababan, and Riyadi Santosa. "TECHNIQUES AND ACCURACY OF IDEATIONAL GRAMMATICAL METAPHOR TRANSLATION IN 'DIARY OF WIMPY KID' NOVELS." LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 3, no. 2 (2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v3i2.1314.
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The ideational grammatical metaphor is a phenomenon emerging in lexico-grammar which causes new variant construction that is different from its original meaning and grammatical class. This article aims at classifying the translation techiques applied in Jeff Kinney’s Diary of Wimpy Kid novels and also the impact of its application in translating ideational grammatical metaphor which deals with accuracy aspect in translation quality assessment. This research was classified as descriptive-qualitative research with embedded case study research and it used systemic functional linguistics as its approach.. content analysis and focus group discussion were used for obtaining data. The data consisted of linguistic, that is the words representing ideational grammatical metaphors, and translation data, i.e: the analyses of translation techniques and translation accuracy. The techniques were analyzed by using Molina & Albir (2002) theory whereas the accuracy was assessed based on TQA modified by Nababan, Nuraeni & Sumardiono (2012). Research findings showed that there were eight different translation techniques used for translating ideational grammatical metaphor in the novels. In addition, this average score of translation quality assessment showed that ideational grammatical metaphors in SL have been translated accurately to TL.
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Omar, Kamal Hassan. "The Challenges the Translation of Metaphors Pose and the Ways in Which Translators Can Overcome Them." Academic Journal of Nawroz University 10, no. 3 (2021): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v10n3a960.
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 Abstract
 Metaphors and their impact within languages have been a topic of wide discussion between scholars. This research paper focuses on their translatability as well as the challenges that they pose to translators. Metaphors can become a problem during translation, since they are inherently tied to the culture of its source language, making them potentially meaningless in another. There are a number of different ways in which metaphors can be translated, such as;
 The literal translation of a metaphor, thus creating an identical metaphor, termed direct translation. Substitution, which is the translation of a metaphor into an altered metaphor by replacing the image present in the source language to that of a metaphor that has the same or a close sense in the target language, therefore taking into consideration the culture of the target language. Paraphrasing, which is the translation of the sense of the metaphor, or restating a metaphor during the process of translation.
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King, Phil. "Ladders and Wheels: Comparing Metaphors for Bible Translation in the Context of Sustainability." Bible Translator 69, no. 1 (2018): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051677018755576.
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Different underlying metaphors may be used to think about Bible translation activities. Such conceptual metaphors highlight certain aspects and hide others. Bible translation has often been conceptualized through a ladder metaphor, with a beginning, endpoint, and linear steps to reach that goal. However, in the current context of Bible translation movements, with increased emphasis on sustainability and engagement, and supported by technological advances, alternative metaphors may lead to new insights. This paper explores some implications of ladder-thinking, and suggests some benefits of reconceptualizing Bible translation activities with a wheel metaphor, where the emphasis is on continuing movement rather than “reaching the top.” The metaphors are compared in the contexts of drafting, publishing and distribution, training, planning, and overall engagement with Bible translation movements.
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Nurbayan, Yayan. "Metaphors in the Quran and its translation accuracy in Indonesian." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 8, no. 3 (2019): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v8i3.15550.
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Metaphors (majaz in Arabic) are an important part of language style. In the Quran, they play a vital role in different interpretations of the Quran. The use of metaphors in Quranic verses may often cause semantic problems and varied interpretations for translation. The study of metaphors pertaining to the Quran aims to investigate accuracy issues in its translation. Previous studies on the translation of the Quran into Indonesian suggest that some metaphors are translated word-for-word. To some extent, the literal translation is an oxymoron leading to reduced nuances of meaning. The present study seeks to address two issues in relation to the use of metaphors: the actual translation product of Quranic metaphorical verses and translation techniques for Quranic metaphorical verses produced by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. In doing so, this study examines the metaphors of 15 verses in the Quran. Findings show that containing metaphors (13 verses containing lexical metaphors, and 2 verses containing sentential metaphors). Regarding the techniques, in the translated Quran published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs, 13 verses were translated by a literal technique and 2 verses by a non-literal technique. The findings of this suggest that when translating Quran verses, metaphorical features should be taken into account. It is also imperative for future research to scrutinize the implications of different translations on the construction of meaning in the Quran.
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Sarwadi. "Metaphor Translation towards Cilinaye Manuscript." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture 3, no. 4 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v3i4.521.
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Cilinaye manuscript was one script in Sasak language that was written on Aksara Jejawen or it was known as Akasara Hanacaraka. It has a remarkable meaning especially a metaphorical expression due to be not everyone has an ability to use metaphors however everyone can understand its meaning in the same culture and language unlike Suku Sasak (Sasak Tribe). The present study was intended to find out what metaphors were found in Cilinaye manuscript and the concept of metaphor found on it. The results of the present research included 1) The meaning of metaphor in Sasak language can mean different with the use of the same symbol when attached by morpheme e.g. 'lauk daye' attached morpheme 'be' become 'belauk bedaye'. 2) The concept of metaphor according to Ching. Ed. (1980) includes human, animate, living, objective, terrestrial, substantial, energy, cosmic, and being is not completed due to in the data analysis, the researchers found there are metaphors that use directions like bottom up, front behind, east west, south north.
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Vaivadaitė-Kaidi, Eglė. "Conseptual metaphors of ʽparadiseʼ in the translation of the Quran by Sigitas Geda". Lietuvių kalba, № 5 (28 грудня 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2011.22800.
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The article deals with conceptual metaphors of ʽPARADISEʼ in the Lithuanian translation of the Quran on the basis of the conceptual metaphor theory proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson. The aim is to discover to what extent a translation can reveal the linguistic landscape characteristic of a different culture. The research provides a comparison of the translations of the Quran into the Lithuanian (Geda 2008), Spanish (Asad 2001), and English (Ysuf Ali 1998) languages. It is presumed that in the translations of typologically remote languages the recurrent metaphors have most likely been taken from the original, whereas the differences in translation are present due to the linguistic and cultural peculiarities of the target language. The investigation has revealed that translation may only partially disclose the linguistic world view of another culture because in the text of a translation there is always overlap between two cultures; it is a kind of a product of synthesis between two world views. The comparison of different translations has disclosed that the Lithuanian translation is characteristic of some peculiarities which can be ascribed to the search for creativity and individual poetic expression if we consider a metaphor a rhetorical figure. However, if we treat metaphor as a tool for the cognition and expression of a nation's mentality, such translation does not always perform its key function, i.e. to convey the text of another culture as precisely as possible.
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Fuertes Olivera, Pedro A., and Isabel Pizarro Sánchez. "Translation and ‘similarity-creating metaphors’ in specialised languages." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 14, no. 1 (2002): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.14.1.03fue.
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This corpus-based research deals with the translation of metaphor in specialised texts. In these texts, metaphor is both a cognitive tool and aesthetic device. Some metaphors, particularly those which create a new similarity, seem to develop into technical terms, and this can cause translation problems. The study focuses on metaphors for ‘inflation’ in English economics texts, and their translation into Spanish. The translation strategies are analysed and their results assessed.
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Ilahi, Riski Nur, Sufil Lailiyah, and Ahmad Yusuf Firdaus. "The Analysis of Metaphor Translation in the Novel Angels and Demons by Dan Brown." PIONEER: Journal of Language and Literature 11, no. 1 (2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pioneer.v11i1.434.
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This research analyzed metaphor translation in the novel of Angels and Demons with the purposes to analyzing the technique of translation and to know the quality of metaphor translation found in the novel Angels and Demons. The data were analyzed by using the theory of metaphor by Larson (1998), technique of translation used theory of Molina and Albir (2002) and quality of translation used Translation Quality Assessment theory by Nababan (2012). The analysis started by analyzing metaphorical expression, classifying the technique of translation and identifying the quality of translation based on the theory that was use for this research. The findings revealed that there were 119 metaphor expressions with 84 live metaphors and 35 dead metaphors. The metaphor translation used nine techniques of translation and the quality of metaphor translation was qualified by the assessment 2.90.
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Putri, Siegfrieda Alberti Shinta Mursita, and Martha Sie. "AN ANALYSIS OF METAPHOR TRANSLATION IN THE SUBTITLE OF SHERLOCK HOLMES 2: A GAME OF SHADOWS (2011) MOVIE." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 3, no. 1 (2019): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v3i1.41.
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A metaphor has been a conflict in subtitling for its cultural-specific sense and challenging translatability. Consequently, the translators tend to omit the metaphors. This study attempts to find out the categories of conceptual metaphors and applied strategies in the subtitles of Sherlock Holmes 2: A Game of Shadows (2011). This study applies the Combined Strategies proposed by Lindqvist (Pedersen, 2015). The results indicate that analogy, personification, and image metaphors appear in the movie. The translator applies five of nine proposed strategies in this study. The most frequently applied strategies are word-for-word translation and paraphrase strategies. No omission occurs, but the study discovers that the translation appears to be less natural and fails to transfer the cultural essence from the English metaphors.
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Osimo, Bruno. "Translation as Metaphor, the Translator as Anthropologist." Vertimo studijos 12 (December 20, 2019): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vertstud.2019.6.
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The presence/absence of the notion of “inner language” in different cultures creates a watershed between various cultures as far as the notion of “translation” is concerned. Intersemiosity is seen, accordingly, as inner or outer process to interlingual translation. This gap is reflected in the metaphors attached to translation. By analysing them, the author gets a picture of the cultural roots of the view of translation in each culture. Anthropology can be a precious ally in the reciprocal definition of “translation” and “culture”. A new trope for translation is suggested: metaphor.
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Vivanco Cervero, Veronica. "SHAPE METAPHORS IN ENGLISH AND SPANISH: SYMMETRY, TOTAL ASYMMETRY AND PARTIAL SYMMETRY." ODISEA. Revista de estudios ingleses, no. 21 (December 30, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/odisea.v0i20.3769.
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The objective of this article is to measure the symmetry between Spanish and English in the application of technical metaphors of shape. The reason for this is double: they have not received too much attention and Forceville (2007, 2008, 2012) recommends studying how they interact with cultural/linguistic factors. The method has measured percentage of symmetry / asymmetry in different metaphors. Research shows that symmetry between English/Spanish metaphors rises to 60%, whereas partial metaphoric asymmetry is caused by excessive metaphorization (30%) or by metonymy (10%) as a relation of cause-effect between two concepts.Keywords: Shape Metaphor, Lexicography, Translation, Overmetaphorization, Metonymy
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Bulut, Alev. "Translating Political Metaphors: Conflict Potential of zenci [negro] in Turkish-English." Meta 57, no. 4 (2013): 909–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021224ar.
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Political metaphors are expressed by lexical items with political content. Their transfer into other languages as part of political texts involves a potential of conflict due to their political and ideological load. Political interviews that are published through interpretation may be used to exemplify how transfer of source metaphors involve conflict depending on the translational decisions. This article focuses on the transfer of a political metaphor in an interpreter-mediated political interview as a source of potential conflict. The article first presents the concept of ideology in translation and markers of ideology in relation to political correctness and conflict as ideological aspects of political translation. It then focuses on zenci [negro/nigger] in Turkish as a political metaphor in transfer into English. The background for and the analysis of the sample metaphor in source and target languages, as well as the conclusions driven out of this case, aim to set the grounds for future discussions of similar cases in Turkish-English political translation.
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Zaixi, Tan. "METAPHORS OF TRANSLATION." Perspectives 14, no. 1 (2006): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09076760608669016.
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Salo, Victoria, and Ibragim Kurbanov. "Metaphoric modelling of “ARREST” in Thomas P. Whitney’s translation of Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn’s novel “The Gulag Archipelago”." SHS Web of Conferences 69 (2019): 00098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196900098.
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The article offers a cognitive analysis of a metaphor in the framework of narrative discourse.It closely looks into the term ‘metaphoric model’ and discloses the latter listing a number of examples. The research of metaphors is a relevant study in linguistics which allows one to analyse mental processes due to the fact that a thought viewed as a mental activity easily operates with metaphors alleviating the process of encoding and decoding messages. Moreover, when any society disapproves of expressing a personal point of view due to current social and political events, metaphor interpretation becomes one of the few ways which helps disclose an individual attitude towards the events
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Van Poucke, Piet, and Alexandra Belikova. "Foreignization in News Translation: Metaphors in Russian Translation on the News Translation Website InoSMI." Meta 61, no. 2 (2016): 346–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037763ar.
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Journalistic texts, as a rule, contain a considerable number of metaphorically used expressions. This paper investigates the handling of metaphors in Russian translations of journalistic texts in order to reveal the different translation strategies used by the translators. The research is conducted in three consecutive steps. First, we identify all metaphors in a twofold corpus of 60 original Dutch, English and Finnish newspaper articles on the one hand, and their corresponding 60 translations into Russian on the other. Secondly, we compare the use of metaphors in the translations with their source texts in order to establish the translation strategies and to determine to which extent the metaphorical expressions in the target texts display a higher degree of foreignness than those used in the source texts. Finally, we analyze the cases of foreignization in the target texts in order to find an explanation for the use of this translation strategy. The investigation shows how foreignization is adopted by the translators in a certain number of specific contexts, making the Western discourse on Russian subjects more visible to the reader, especially in these cases where the source text contains metaphors that suggest a critical interpretation of the Russian state, society or the leaders of the country.
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Desa, Melati. "The Analysis of Translation of Live Metaphors in Japanese Novel Haru No Yuki." International Journal of Modern Languages And Applied Linguistics 4, no. 4 (2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ijmal.v4i4.11202.
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ABSTRACT : Language and culture influences each other and its effect is reflected in not only the way humans think, but could also be seen in a full load of figurative elements in creative writing, such as metaphors. Thus, the report examines the aspects of the transfer of meaning in the live metaphors in Haru No Yuki, literary Japanese texts written by Yukio Mishima (1925 – 1970) translated to Malay by Muhammad Haji Salleh (1993) as Salju Musim Bunga published by Penataran Ilmu. This report studies on the equivalence of the meaning of translated live metaphors from the source text to the target text. From the study of the equivalence of meaning can be evaluated that, if there is any type of losses of meaning in form of under translation, over translation or wrong translation. The retention of live metaphors in the target text produced an ideal translation. Universal live metaphors maintained by the translator, this approach produced an ideal translation in form of meaning and accepted by the culture and speakers of the target language. The conclusion of this report shows that, one of the factors in producing quality translations is to understand the elements of the original cultural metaphors contained in the source text.
 Keywords: live metaphor, personification, ideal translation, equivalence of meaning
 ABSTRAK : Bahasa dan budaya saling mempengaruhi dan kesannya dapat dilihat bukan sahaja dalam cara manusia berpikir malah dalam penulisan kreatif yang memuatkan unsur figuratif, metafora misalnya. Justeru, kajian ini meneliti aspek pemindahan makna dalam terjemahan metafora hidup dan personifikasi yang terdapat dalam teks kesusasteraan Jepun, Haru No Yuki hasil penulisan Yukio Mishima (1925 – 1970) diterjemahkan oleh Muhammad Haji Salleh (1993) menjadi Salju Musim Bunga (SMB) terbitan Penataran Ilmu. Kertas kerja ini mengkaji keselarasan makna terjemahan metafora hidup dan personifikasi daripada teks sumber kepada teks sasaran. Daripada kajian keselarasan makna dapat dinilai sama ada berlaku peleburan makna metafora apabila terhasilnya terjemahan kurang, terjemahan lebih atau terjemahan salah. Kaedah pengekalan metafora hidup dalam teks sasaran didapati menghasilkan terjemahan ideal. Metafora hidup yang bersifat universal dikekalkan oleh penterjemah, pendekatan ini menghasilkan terjemahan ideal dari sudut makna dan diterima oleh budaya dan penutur bahasa sasaran. Sebagai kesimpulan, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa, salah satu faktor dalam usaha untuk menghasilkan terjemahan bermutu adalah dengan memahami unsur metafora budaya asal teks sumber.
 
 Kata kunci : metafora hidup, personifikasi, terjemahan ideal, persamaan makna
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Šeškauskienė, Inesa. "Carrying Across or Pulling down? Understanding Translation through its Metaphors: A Cross-linguistic Perspective." Respectus Philologicus, no. 38(43) (October 19, 2020): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2020.38.43.55.
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The paper investigates how translation is conceptualised through metaphors employed in academic texts in English and Lithuanian focusing on translation problems. As established by previous research, metaphors are tools of rendering abstract thought in terms of more concrete experiences. The methodology of this investigation is based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and further development in metaphor research, the main principles of Metaphor Identification Procedure and metaphorical patterns. The results suggest that English tends to more frequently conceptualise translation as human and also as a dynamic activity, whereas Lithuanian opts for more static conceptualisation of translation in terms of object and material. Such tendencies might be linked, among other factors, to very different etymologies of the verb ‘translate’ and its derivatives in English and Lithuanian as well as other senses of the word.
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Medendorp, Liz. "The Power of the Periphery: Reassessing Spatial Metaphors in the Ideological Positioning of the Translator." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 5, no. 1-2 (2014): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9gs6t.
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Positionality in translation is often framed in terms of spatial metaphors, using such concepts as the “periphery,” the “in between,” and the “borderlands,” among many others. Given that the Latin root for the word “translation,” 'translatio,' means “to carry across,” this tendency to think of the translator’s position in the concrete terms of travel through physical space is not surprising. However, because the movement of information and ideas no longer requires material transportation, it may no longer be theoretically useful to approach positionality in such concrete terms, and thus a reassessment and re-contextualization of these spatial metaphors is needed. Moreover, the sociological turn’s growing awareness of the translator’s contextual embeddedness reinforces the need to re-conceptualize positionality, shifting away from notions of physical space and toward an ideological construct. Indeed, upon closer examination, these spatial metaphors often prove problematic in several ways, not the least of which being the common undertone of peripherality that readily associates translation with marginality and subjugation. This article analyzes some of the spatial metaphors commonly used in translation scholarship in order to interrogate what they can contribute to a reformulation of the translator’s position in ideological rather than spatial terms. Turning to systems theory for a more nuanced and applicable take on peripherality and centrality, translation is removed from the subordinate position associated with physical notions of the periphery and shifted instead to an ideological position as an agent of inter- and intrasystemic transfer. The translator navigates the systemic periphery, a dynamic, fluid space of intersystemic overlap and interaction, but does not remain there. The translator’s position is therefore both a shifting and powerful one, as translating the peripheral experience of confronting otherness into the centre results in the need to reformulate the Self, for the individual as well as potentially on a larger, systemic level.
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Sato, Eriko. "Metaphors and Translation Prisms." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 5, no. 11 (2015): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0511.01.
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Toury, Gideon. "Verb Metaphors under Translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 1, no. 2 (1989): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.1.2.08tou.
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Schäffner, Christina, and Mark Shuttleworth. "Metaphor in translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 25, no. 1 (2013): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.25.1.08shu.
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This paper explores potential benefits of closer interaction between metaphor studies and translation process research. It presents some developments within translation studies that make use of conceptual metaphor theory and illustrates some process research methods for investigating metaphors. The paper considers a number of methodological recommendations and argues that the need to take full account of insights from metaphor studies and associated disciplines is of greatest importance. Another significant potential innovation is the use of a multilingual approach in respect of both product- and process-oriented studies in order to increase both the amount and the generality of data available for analysis. Thirdly, it is important to extend the current source-text (ST) oriented approach. The paper concludes by suggesting some options for triangulating data gathered through a combination of methods.