To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Translation method.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Translation method'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Translation method.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wallis, Julian. "Interactive translation vs pre-translation in the context of translation memory systems: Investigating the effects of translation method on productivity, quality and translator satisfaction." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27425.
Full textAbstract:
Translation Memory (TM) systems are currently among the most popular translation tools available on the market. Clients today are looking for productivity and quality, but at the same time are looking to reduce costs. A TM stores portions of previously translated texts in a database so that they can be reused in new texts.
There are two ways of working with a TM: interactive mode and pre-translation mode. In interactive mode, the TM system offers proposals to the translator, who can choose to accept and adapt them, or refuse them and translate from scratch. In pre-translation mode, the TM system's proposals are automatically inserted into the new source text, producing a hybrid text containing a mixture of source and target language elements. The translator's job is then to verify the translation of the automatically replaced portions of text, as well as to translate any text that was left in the source language.
As the demand for translation continues to rise, more and more translators are looking to TMs to help increase productivity; however, for a variety of reasons, such as cost and incompatible file formats, they do not always have access to a useful TM. Therefore, translators need access to the TM database of the client they are working for in order to complete their translations. However, clients are increasingly hesitant to give out their databases due to proprietary issues. For this reason, many clients are turning to the pre-translation option so that they can get their translations done without having to give out their TM databases. To date, however, no one has yet studied whether the choice of pre-translation vs. interactive translation has an effect on productivity, quality and translator satisfaction. This thesis aims to go some way towards filling this gap by designing and testing a methodology to compare these two methods of working with a TM system.
The thesis is divided into three main parts. Part I provides background information on TMs through a literature survey, the findings of which form the basis for three hypotheses concerning the ways in which interactive and pre-translation will impact translation productivity and quality, as well as translator satisfaction. Part II describes an experiment that was designed and conducted to investigate these hypotheses. Finally, Part III evaluates the research carried out in this thesis and suggests possible ways to expand it in the future.
2
Siefert, Thomas Raymond. "Translation in Foreign Language Pedagogy: The Rise and Fall of the Grammar Translation Method." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11049.
Full textAbstract:
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is identified as dismissing translation, applying to all
"translation" the restricted expression of translation within the discredited Grammar Translation Method (GTM). Recent, negative classifications of the GTM are considered and, this dissertation observes, the concept of the GTM is shown as prone to being mythologized. A summary definition of the GTM is offered. Of the five Prussian language teachers viewed by history as originating the GTM, Joahnn Valentin Meidinger and, to a lesser degree, Heinrich Gottfried Ollendorff are shown offering methods and an approach to translation that are most similar to the definition of the GTM used today. Johann Heinrich Philipp Seidenstücker, Johann Franz Ahn, and Carl Julius Ploetz are found also to stand in the lineage of the GTM, but with important qualifications. The name "Grammar Translation Method" is asserted by this dissertation to originate in the Reform Movement, specifically, Wilhelm Viëtor’s Der Sprachunterricht muß umkehren! (1882) and a lecture of Viëtor’s from 1899. Viëtor is noted characterizing "traditional" methodologies with the terms "Grammatik" and "Übersetzung," beginning with Meidinger’s Practische Französische Grammatik (1783). Translation is found to remain problematic for the Reform Movement. A separate, concurrent movement, resulting in the Direct Method, is seen banishing all use of translation, and arguably lives on in CLT today. The formulation of a novel definition of the translation of texts is attempted. This definition, along with opinions from Translation Studies, is applied to a statement by Viëtor, where translation is particularly problematized, with the goal of mitigating this problematic. The dissertation recommends that CLT similarly use this definition of translation, so as to mitigate its own skepticism towards translation.
3
Bujwid, Sebastian. "GANtruth – a regularization method for unsupervised image-to-image translation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233849.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, we propose a novel and effective method for constraining the output space of the ill-posed problem of unsupervised image-to-image translation. We make the assumption that the environment of the source domain is known, and we propose to explicitly enforce preservation of the ground-truth labels on the images translated from the source to the target domain. We run empirical experiments on preserving information such as semantic segmentation and disparity and show evidence that our method achieves improved performance over the baseline model UNIT on translating images from SYNTHIA to Cityscapes. The generated images are perceived as more realistic in human surveys and have reduced errors when using them as adapted images in the domain adaptation scenario. Moreover, the underlying ground-truth preservation assumption is complementary to alternative approaches and by combining it with the UNIT framework, we improve the results even further.I det här arbetet föreslår vi en ny och effektiv metod för att begränsa värdemängden för det illa-definierade problemet som utgörs av oövervakad bild-till-bild-översättning. Vi antar att miljön i källdomänen är känd, och vi föreslår att uttryckligen framtvinga bevarandet av grundfaktaetiketterna på bilder översatta från källa till måldomän. Vi utför empiriska experiment där information som semantisk segmentering och skillnad bevaras och visar belägg för att vår metod uppnår förbättrad prestanda över baslinjemetoden UNIT på att översätta bilder från SYNTHIA till Cityscapes. De genererade bilderna uppfattas som mer realistiska i undersökningar där människor tillfrågats och har minskat fel när de används som anpassade bilder i domänpassningsscenario. Dessutom är det underliggande grundfaktabevarande antagandet kompletterat med alternativa tillvägagångssätt och genom att kombinera det med UNIT-ramverket förbättrar vi resultaten ytterligare.
4
Feng, Mabel Y. "Frequency translation method for low frequency variable gain amplification and filtering." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41642.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78).
This thesis discusses an innovative solution to an industry challenge. A frequency translation method is designed to shift low frequency signals to intermediate frequencies in order to utilize higher-frequency components. This solution, appropriate for applications involving 1-10MHz signals, can provide continuously variable gain and filtering at little cost in dynamic performance. The working system converts the low frequency signals up to the 70MHz band to achieve up to 28dB attenuation and 60-86MHz variable filtering. A Single Side Band system has a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 71dB with a 73dB SNR Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), 44 dB Output Third-Order Intercept Point (OIP3), and a Noise Figure (NF) of 14dB. Ultrasound and other applications in the 1-10MHz range benefit greatly from this upconversion scheme.
by Mabel Y. Feng.
M.Eng.
5
Moscovici, Jonathan. "Statistical applications in knowledge translation research implemented through the information assessment method." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114430.
Full textAbstract:
Of interest are two knowledge translation [27] research projects conducted by and with the ITPCRG (Information Technology Primary Care Research Group) during the period 2010-2012, as well as their underlying statistical analyses. For physicians, continuing medical education (CME) is a critical activity that helps them acquire new knowledge and keep their practice up to date. In Canada, popular CME programs are structured around the reading of short synopses or summaries of important clinical research on e-mail. After reading one synopsis, the physician completes a short reective exercise, using the Information Assessment Method (IAM). IAMis a brief questionnaire that asks physicians to reect on the following: -Therelevance of the information? -The impact of the information e.g. did you learn something new? -If they intend to use the information for a specic patient? -Whether they expect to see health benets for that patient as aresult? This type of CME is very popular. Since September 2006, about4,500 members of the Canadian Medical Association have submitted more than one million IAM questionnaires linked to e-mailed synopses. Previous work suggests the response format of the IAM questionnaire can impact the willingness of physicians to participate, and that information use for a specic patient might be linked to certain factors measurable by IAM. Therefore, the objectives were to improve CME programs that use the IAM questionnaire by determining which response formats optimize physician participation and their reective learning, and explore the determinants of information use. These were accomplished by implementing a survival analysis framework, as well as mixed logistic regression models.Ce memoire porte sur deux projets de mise en pratique des connaissances menes par et avec le ITPCRG (Information Technology Primary Care Research Group) de 2010 a 2012, ainsi que l'analyse statistique qui s'en est issue. La formation medicale continue est une activite essentielle qui aide l'acquisition de nouvelles connaissances et la mise a jour des pratiques pour les medecins. Au Canada, des programmes populaires utilisentla lecture de courts synopsis ou de sommaires de recherches cliniques importantes transmis par courriel. Apres la lecture du synopsis, le medecin complete un bref exercice de reexion en utilisant le Information Assessment Method (IAM). IAM est un petit questionnaire qui demande aux medecins de reechir aux sujets qui suivent: -La pertinence de l'information? -L'impacte de cette information ex : avez-vous appris quelque chose?-L'intention d'utiliser cette information pour un patient specique? -Anticipent-ils observer des beneces de sante pour ce patient grâce a cetteinformation? Ce type de formation continue medicale est tres populaire. Depuis septembre 2006, pres de 4500 membres de l'Association medicale canadienne ont soumis plus d'un million de questionnaires IAM relies auxsynopsis recus par courriel. Les recherches precedentes suggerent que leformat de reponse des questionnaires IAM peut inuencer la participationdes medecins et que l'utilisation de l'information pour un patient specique peut être liee a certains facteurs mesurables par IAM. Les mêmes recherches indiquent que certains formats peuvent stimuler des reponses plus reechies. Aucune recherche n'a etudie l'eet de ce genre de formation continue surla sante de patients speciques. Les objectifs etaient donc d'ameliorer les programmes d'education continue medicale qui utilisent les questionnaires IAM en determinant les formats de reponse qui optimisent la participation des medecins ainsi que l'apprentissage reectif, et d'explorer les facteurs relies a l'utilisation de l'information. Ceux-ci ont ete accomplis en executant une analyse de la survie, ainsi que des modeles de regression logistique mixtes.
6
Mercier, Lucie Kim-Chi. "The inside passage : translation as method and relation in Serres and Benjamin." Thesis, Kingston University, 2015. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/35275/.
Full textAbstract:
The central premise of this thesis is that translation has acquired a new meaning in so-called postcolonial times and that this transformation calls forth a renewal of the philosophical conceptualisation of translation. I begin by distinguising between two different philosophical genealogies of translation in modern European philosophy. The first is a Romantic and hermeneutic lineage, in which translation is closely bound to the movement of culture (Bildung), and conceived of as an ‘experience of the foreign’. The second is a relational genealogy of translation, in which translation is a transformation without teleology, yet systematically-oriented. The thesis reconstructs this alternative concept through a parallel reading of Walter Benjamin’s and Michel Serres’ works on translation, contending that Leibniz’s relational metaphysics proved a crucial resource for both of them. Albeit reflecting on different objects (the sciences and the work of art), these two authors converge in thinking translation as a relation and a method, associating translation with their critique of epistemology. By drawing on a generalised metaphysics of language, they both reflect on translation as a transformation in the objective domain, hence as a form of historicity. The thesis is composed of three autonomous yet convergent parts. The first part operates as a backdrop to the whole by expounding the need for locating the philosophy of translation outside of the ethics of alterity. It contends that the link made between linguistic difference and difference ‘as such’ is often insufficiently mediated. The second part examines Serres’ early works, explicating his philosophy of translation in close connexion with the evolution of his structuralism, from his doctoral work on Leibniz (1968) to the last of the Hermès series: Le passage du Nord-Ouest (1980). The third part investigates Benjamin’s philosophy of translation in light of his metaphysics of language, following his concepts of the ‘afterlife’ as a thread through his early and later works. Finally, the conclusion propounds the intrinsic connexion that holds between the translation problem, Leibnizianism and ‘decentered epistemologies’.
7
Maclellan, Euphemia M. "Teaching addition and subtraction by the method of bidirectional translation : an empirical study." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2083.
Full textAbstract:
Bidirectional Translation, devised by the author, is a structured approach to the teaching of addition and subtraction which aims to give children greater understanding of arithmetical operations. The approach systematically involves both: the translation of numerical representations into hypothetical, real world contexts; and the extraction of the appropriate numerical operations from hypothetical, real world contexts. It is this emphasis on translation from and to both the numerical representation and realistic contexts which gives rise to the name, Bidirectional Translation. An experimental group of 90 primary one children were taught to add and subtract (within 10) by the method of Bidirectional Translation. Post-test comparison of the experimental subjects' performance with that of a control group showed significantly superior performance on the part of the experimental subjects in terms of the utilizability of addition, the evocability of addition, the utilizability of subtraction and the evocability of subtraction for five different classes of verbal context, namely: Part-Part Whole, Separating, Joining, Equalizing and Comparison contexts. In all instances the probability of the results being chance ones were less than 5% and in most, were less than 1%. In both the experimental and control groups, most children performed better when they were required to utilize concepts than when they were required to evoke concepts. Similarly they performed better when they were required to add than when they were required to subtract. The differences, however, were not always significant. It is suggested that the effectiveness of the methodology of Bidirectional Translation is rooted in a structure which allows the child to make his/her thinking explicit and which allows the teacher to monitor this.
8
Vakili, Thomas. "A Method for the Assisted Translation of QA Datasets Using Multilingual Sentence Embeddings." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281826.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a method which reduces the amount of labour required to translate the English question answering dataset SQuAD into Swedish. The purpose of the study is to contribute to shrinking the gap between natural language processing research in English and research in lesser-resourced languages by providing a method for creating datasets in these languages which are counterparts to those used in English. This would allow for the results from English studies to be evaluated in more languages. The method put forward by this thesis uses multilingual sentence embeddings to search for and rank answers to English SQuAD questions in SwedishWikipedia articles associated with the question. The resulting search results are then used to pair SQuAD questions with sentences that contain their answers. We also estimate to what extent SQuAD questions have answers in the Swedish edition of Wikipedia, concluding that this proportion of questions is small but still useful in size. Further, the evaluation of the method shows that it provides a clear reduction in the labour required for translating SQuAD into Swedish, while impacting the amount of datapoints retained in a resulting translation to a degree which is acceptable for many use-cases. Manual labour is still required for translating the SQuAD questions and for locating the answers within the Swedish sentences which contain them. Researching ways to automate these processes would further increase the utility of the approach, but are outside the scope of this thesis.I detta examensarbete presenteras en metod som syftar till att minska mängden arbete som krävs för att översätta fråga-svarskorpuset SQuAD från engelska till svenska. Syftet med studien är att bidra till att minska glappet mellan språkteknologisk forskning på engelska och forskningen på språk med mindre resurser. Detta åstadkoms genom att beskriva en metod för att skapa korpusar liknande dem som används inom forskning på engelska och som kan användas för att utvärdera i vilken utsträckning resultat från den forskningen generaliserar till andra språk. Metoden använder språkagnostiska meningsvektorer för att söka efter svar på engelska SQuAD-frågor i svenska Wikipedia-artiklar, och sedan ranka dessa. Sökresultaten används sedan för att para samman SQuAD-frågor med de svenska meningar som innehåller deras svar. Även utsträckningen i vilken svar på engelska SQuAD-frågor står att finna i den svenska upplagan av Wikipedia undersöktes. Andelen SQuAD-frågor där ett svar fanns i den svenska Wikipedia-artikel som var associerad med frågan var liten men ändå användbar. Vidare visar utvärderingen av metoden att den innebär en tydlig minskning av mängden arbete som krävs för att översätta SQuAD till svenska. Denna minskning åstadkoms samtidigt som mängden fråga-svarspar som missas som en konsekvens av detta är acceptabel för många användningsområden. Manuellt arbete krävs fortfarande för att översätta SQuAD-frågorna från engelska och för att hitta var i de svenska meningarna som svaren finns. Vidare studier kring dessa frågor skulle bidra till att göra metoden än mer användbar, men ligger utanför avgränsningen för denna uppsats.
9
Sun, Sanjun. "Measuring difficulty in English-Chinese translation: Towards a general model of translation difficulty." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340740285.
Full text
10
Mayer, Germano Gastal. "A translation of João Domingos Bomtempo's piano method: a Portuguese contribution to piano pedagogy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5810.
Full textAbstract:
This essay offers an English translation of Elementos de Musica e Methodo de Tocar Piano Forte (Elements of Music and Method of Playing the Piano-Forte), op. 19, by the Portuguese composer-pianist João Domingos Bomtempo (1775-1842). His method, the first of its kind written by a Portuguese national, was published in 1816 by Clementi & Co. in London. Bomtempo later rewrote his book, expanding its scope, but the second version survives only as an unfinished manuscript. My translation presents both versions of this instructional work in a single text, distinguishing the contents according to the two sources, with the aim of providing a comprehensive view of Bomtempo’s piano pedagogy. This is the first English translation of Bomtempo’s method. A short biography and critical notes regarding philological and musicological matters clarify ambiguities and contextualize this work within its historical period.
11
Strömblad, Maria, Cosmin Cenusa, and Cecilia Johansson. "The Struggle For Efficiency : Implementation and Translation of an Efficiency Method in Small Manufacturing Companies." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-8375.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis puts focus on the points where organisations perceive, translate and implement a new organisational idea, and the implementation and translation of one specific efficiency method is studied. We have looked at how a group of small manufacturing companies have implemented an efficiency method (Efficient production/Lean Production) and how they have translated it to fit their own organisation.
The authors were interested in finding out both about the challenges and the positive outcomes of implementing an efficiency method in a company. While getting to know more about the subject, the translator’s (the person responsible of implementing the method into the own organisation) role and importance to the implementation became more interesting. In cooperation with a Host Company (HC), a decision was made to study a group of small manufacturing companies who had all participated in one of HC’s programs, Lean School for Small Companies.
To be able to make generalisations from the results, a multiple-case study was carried out. To fulfil our purpose and gain a somewhat objective understanding of the processes of implementation we decided that it was necessary to interview two people from each company, one that had attended the Lean School and one who did not, but was directly affected by the efficiency method in daily work. The empirical findings were analysed in the light of the theoretical ideas we found about implementation of efficiency methods and translation of organisational ideas.
The results of the study were in many aspects consistant with the theories found on the subject. The processes of an implementation is complex and are affected by the factors commitment of leaders, problems or obstacles, the translators role and ability to manage the translation process and, furthermore, by knowledge input.
12
Chandran, Varadharajan. "Robust Method to Deduce Cache and TLB Characteristics." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1308256764.
Full text
13
Heilmann, Arndt [Verfasser], Stella [Akademischer Betreuer] Neumann, and Fabio [Akademischer Betreuer] Alves. "Profiling effects of syntactic complexity in translation : a multi-method approach / Arndt Heilmann ; Stella Neumann, Fabio Alves." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/123098545X/34.
Full text
14
Laible, Allyson Marie. "Modeling green fluorescent protein transcription, translation and modification as a method to obtain NF-kappaB activation profiles." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1443.
Full text
15
Ravalli, Gilbert, and gravalli@swin edu au. "Translation of on object role model schema into the formal language Z." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060502.130326.
Full textAbstract:
In the development of information systems for business, structured approaches are widely used in practice. Structured approaches provide a prescription and guidelines for how to go about the process of developing an information system, are relatively easy to learn and provide tools which are well suited to their task. However, the products of structured approaches are sometimes seen to be vague and imprecise since requirements are written using natural language or represented in the form of models which do not have a formal foundation. This vagueness or ambiguity can be the source of problems later in development of the information system. A possible solution to this is to represent requirements using formal methods since these are seen as precise and unambiguous. However, formal methods are typically only a mathematical language for representing requirements. They are often regarded as difficult to learn and use. Even though formal methods of one sort or another have been in existence for many years they are not popular and appear unlikely to become popular in the future.
One possible approach to providing the advantages of structured approaches and formal methods is to provide translation procedures from the products of structured approaches to a formal description in a suitable formal language. The work in this thesis follows this theme and is aimed at the creation of a translation procedure from an Object Role Model (ORM) schema to a Z specification. An object role model schema is the end product of a process called the Natural Language Information Analysis Method (NIAM) which is used to produce an information model for an information system. NIAM is a method which has been used successfully in industry since the mid 1970s and continues to be used today.
This thesis provides a translation procedure from ORM to Z which is less arbitrary and more comprehensive than previous conversion procedures in the literature. It establishes a systematic method for
(i) choosing suitable types and variables for a Z specification and
(ii) predicates that express all the standard constraints available in ORM modelling.
The style of representation in Z preserves ORM�s concepts in a way that aids traceability and validation. The natural language basis of ORM, namely the use of elementary facts, is preserved. Furthermore, an ORM schema differentiates between abstract concepts and the means by which these concepts are represented symbolically and this thesis provides a representation in Z that maintains the distinction between conceptual objects and their symbolic representation. Identification schemes of entity types are also translated into the Z specification but it is left as an option in the translation procedure.
Guiding and evaluating the work conducted here are a published set of criteria for the evaluation of a conceptual schema. These have helped in making decisions regarding the translation procedure and for assessing my work and that of others.
16
Hsiung, Nai-Huan. "Translation, validation and comparison of three behavioural pain assessment tools for patients who cannot communicate verbally." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31010.
Full textAbstract:
Aim The thesis set out to examine validations of three observational pain assessment tools and establish nurses’ expectations of them and the factors that might influence them within intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Background The guidelines to pain assessment specific to ICU patients have been of great interest to health professionals over the last 20 years. Pain assessment remains a challenge for most ICU patients due to the difficulty of assessing pain with any precision. Evidence suggests that the Behavioural Pain Scale (BPS) and Critical- Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) have demonstrated sound psychometric properties. A review of the relevant literature highlighted the fact that no such studies have yet been conducted with a similar homogenous group in Asia. The Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Scale (FPRS) is currently widely used for nonverbally communicating patients (NVCPs) with pain in ICU settings, and is even recommended for use with children. Valid assessment tools are required for effective pain assessment in ICU settings, particularly in patients who are experiencing communication difficulties. Design An embedded mixed methods design was employed to: 1) translate Chinese versions of BPS and CPOT, 2) test their validity and reliability of in comparison with FPRS, and 3) establish the nurses’ expectations about the three study scales when undertaking pain assessment by using semi-structured focus group interviews. Methods This thesis initially reviews the literature available to select the most appropriate scales for assessing pain in critically-ill NVCPs. The selected scales were then translated into a Traditional-Chinese version using established procedures for the Taiwanese context. Evaluations of the three pain scales were gathered using quantitative measures of pain scores in NVCPs experiencing painless/painful interventions. These were further compared with a few focus groups to establish the feasibility and utility of the three pain scales. The psychometric properties of the pain scales were assessed for reliability by using internal consistency and inter-rater agreement) and for validity by using content validity, concurrent validity, discriminant validity, and responsiveness. The validity was evaluated using ANOVA to compare the changes between the different procedures. The significance level was set at 0.05. As for the analysis of the qualitative data, this study typically follows the path of aggregating the words into themes of information and presenting the diversity of ideas gathered during the data collection. Results For the 2068 observations in 237 patients, there were no statistical differences between the characteristics of the BPS, CPOT, and FPRS groups. Validity was demonstrated by changes from baseline in the scores of the three groups, which were significantly higher during suction (p < 0.001). In regard to the result for the criterion validity, both BPS and CPOT had moderate positive correlations with FPRS. The internal consistency was excellent; the Cronbach’s α was 0.700 for BPS and 0.821 for CPOT when all items were included. The majority of nurses preferred to use BPS to assess pain in their clinical practice. When the nurses were asked how long they needed and how easy they found it to complete the assessments using these tools, they all agreed that each patient assessments were easier and took the least time when they used FRPS. However, the nurses considered that the most effective pain reaction during nociceptive procedures had been assessed by using BPS. Even though all of the participant nurses stated that CPOT provides a detailed item-description about pain behaviour, it also provided the biggest obstacle to use because of its ambiguous indicators. Conclusions BPS, CPOT and FRPS provide potentially useful measurement scales for assessing pain in ICU NVCPs. However, judging from the inconsistencies between the nurses’ replies, the results could reflect a conflict between the need to use a validated measure of pain for NVCPs on the one hand and managing a heavy workload in the ICU on the other. This study opens up an avenue for investigating further the link between the underlying conceptions of pain behaviour and the effectiveness of pain assessments in NVCPs when using an objective pain measurement.
17
Novakovic, Andreja. "Uncovering the conditions for understanding another an examination of translation, interpretation, and understanding in Gadamer's truth and method /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/719.
Full text
18
Mellor, Philip A. "The cultural translation of Buddhism : problems of theory and method arising in the study of Buddhism in England." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291520.
Full text
19
Li, Boya. "Translating Feminism in 'Systems': The Representation of Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in the Chinese Translation of Our Bodies, Ourselves." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37813.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the trans-border circulation and production of feminist knowledge through translation. More specifically, my research focuses the translation of the U.S. women’s health book, Our Bodies, Ourselves, by a Chinese feminist NGO in 1998. My dissertation studies the social, cultural and political aspects of feminist translation, and examines the relation between translation and feminist praxis. Through the lens of gender and (feminist) health politics in 1990s China, I examine how the 1998 Chinese translation conveys the book’s message about how women should relate to their bodies.
Set in the context of Chinese society opening up during the late 1970s, my research outlines the emergence of gender awareness in China with the influx of translated feminist texts, especially in the realm of women’s health research. Medical discourses were then assigned a privileged position in the studies of women’s sexual and reproductive health. However, with increased communications between Chinese and foreign feminists, Chinese women scholars developed new ideas around women’s sexual and reproductive health. The Chinese translation of OBOS addresses the lack of gender awareness in local discussions about women’s health.
With a multi-method study, I emphasize the social and linguistic dimensions of translating a feminist health project into post-reform China. This study is based on both interview and comparative textual analysis data. Using feminist translation theories, I examine how the Chinese translators handled the book’s presentation of women’s sexuality and reproductive health. This thesis also highlights the constraints on translating feminism from the local context. This raises questions about the power of (feminist) translation, and emphasizes the need to examine the social-political context of translation practices.
20
Marin, Igor. "Kelių automatinio vertimo sistemų integracija." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120723_105347-53344.
Full textAbstract:
Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos automatinės vertimo sistemos, pagrindiniai jų veikimo principai ir šių sistemų integracijos būdai. Detaliai aprašoma populiarių šiuo metu statistinių vertimo sistemų struktūra, pateikiami šių ir tradicinių (taisyklėmis paremtų) sistemų privalumai ir trūkumai. Pristatomos visos šiuo metu egzistuojančios automatinio vertimo sistemos lietuvių ir anglų kalbų porai, išaiškinami jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Lingvistiniu požiūriu nagrinėjamos lietuvių ir anglų kalbos, išvardinami šių kalbų panašumai, skirtumai ir sunkumai, kylantys verčiant iš vienos kalbos į kitą. Taip pat pateikiami įvairūs automatinio vertimo įvertinimo būdai, įskaitant populiarų BLEU įvertinimo metodą. Išvardinamos ir analizuojamos užsienio autorių siūlomos automatinio vertimo sistemų integracijos architektūros. Apžvelgiami sumaišymo tinklai, kurie naudojami kuriant integruotą vertimo sistemą. Pateikiama originali mišriosios vertimo sistemos įgyvendinimo metodika. Integruota sistema yra praktiškai įgyvendinama. Šios sistemos ir kitų vertimo sistemų anglų ir lietuvių kalbų porai rezultatai yra įvertinami ir palyginami. Atlikus teorinę automatinio vertimo sistemų apžvalgą ir praktiškai įgyvendinus mišriąją vertimo sistemą, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir siūlymai.
Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, automatinio vertimo sistemų analizė, mišriųjų automatinio vertimo sistemų analizė, mišriosios automatinio vertimo sistemos sukūrimas, išvados, literatūros sąrašas.
Darbo apimtis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The Master’s thesis analyses machine translation systems, their principles of operation and the methods used in integrating these systems. The structure of popular statistical machine translation systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of such systems is described in detali. The existing machine translation systems for the Lithuanian-English language pair along with their abilities and shortcomings are presented. Lithuanian and English languages are analysed from the linguistic perspective. The similarities and differences between these languages, as well as the difficulties, arising in translating the text from one language to another are discussed. Moreover, different machine translation evaluation methods, including the popular BLEU metric, are reviewed. Various architectures for integrating multiple machine translation systems, offered by foreign authors, are presented and analysed. Confusion networks, which are used in integrating machine translation systems, are discussed. An original method of implementing the hybrid machine translation system is offered. The hybrid system is implemented in practice. The translation results obtained from the created system and the existing systems for the Lithuanian-English language pair are assessed and compared. Finally, after performing the theoretical review of machine translation systems and implementing the hybrid system, conclusions and recommendations are provided. The thesis consists of 6 parts: introduction, the... [to full text]
21
Christians, Joi S. "Reason, rhetoric, and authorities the ratio of Erasmus' New Testament translation method and hermeneutic as seen in his Annotations on Romans 5 /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
22
Calton, Matthew Franklin. "Modeling of Acoustic Resonators and Resonator Systems for Use in Passive Noise Control." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9261.
Full textAbstract:
Acoustic resonators, such as the Helmholtz and quarter-wave resonator, can be used to attenuate unwanted noise in an enclosed space. Classical formulations can be used to approximate resonator performance for a given resonator configuration, but may lack sufficient accuracy for some applications. This research aims to improve the analytical characterization of resonators to provide better correlation to experimental results. Using higher-order approximations and proper end corrections, more accuracy can be obtained in calculating the impedance and resonance frequency of a single resonator, which will then carry over into the overall configuration of the model. The impedance of a system of resonators in parallel is also considered, where the effects of acoustic coupling can be observed. Resonators with complex, non-ideal geometries are explored for applications where space is limited. The effects of tapers and toroidal curves are considered using impedance translation methods. These theoretical predictions are found to compare favorably with empirical data. Coupling between an enclosure and resonator system is explored experimentally. The effects of resonator placement, damping, and relative cavity and enclosure volume are considered. These data are used to design and test a resonator system with 10 dB of attenuation over a bandwidth of 10 Hz.
23
Матюхин, И. Б., and I. B. Matyukhin. "Применение компаративного метода в процессе обучения практике перевода современных медиатекстов : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/100751.
Full textAbstract:
В современном мире медиатексты являются неотъемлемой частью жизни человека, мы сталкиваемся с ними постоянно через различные каналы информации. Многие медиатексты, которые мы видим, созданы на иностранных языках, чаще всего на английском языке, это значит, что для восприятия российскими зрителями они должны быть адаптированы и переведены на русский язык. Это может быть достигнуто разными способами, о чем автор пишет в данной работе.
В первой главе приводятся такие понятия, как кинотекст, реклама, перевод, прагматическая адаптация, контекст. На основе совокупности рассмотренных явлений и их видов было выделено несколько типов контекста, прагматической адаптации и способов перевода, а также заключено, что разные жанры медиатекстов требуют разных подходов к переводу, комбинирующих вышеупомянутые типы явлений.
Во второй главе подробно проанализированы разные переводы фильмов, представлено сравнение разных вариантов перевода одного и того же кинотекста. Также были проанализированы варианты перевода рекламных текстов, которые классифицированы по типу перевода и направленности текстов. В заключении второй главы автор описывает возможности практического применения в процессе обучения практике переводу полученных в ходе анализа и сравнения результатов, что в большой степени обосновано сравнением как различных жанров текстов и их переводов, так и различных переводов текстов одного жанра. В заключении всей работы указано, что подобная практика действительно наглядно демонстрирует различия переводов и стилей разных текстов, и что студенты, обучающиеся на специальностях, связанных с переводом, могут научиться новым способам перевода, используя примеры из данной работы.In the modern world, media texts are an integral part of human life, we constantly encounter them through various channels of information. Many media texts that we see are created in foreign languages, most often in English, which means that they must be adapted and translated into Russian for Russian-speaking viewers. This can be achieved in different ways, as the author writes in this work. The first chapter introduces concepts such as film text, advertising, translation, pragmatic adaptation, context. Based on the combination of the considered phenomena and their types, several types of context and pragmatic adaptation translation methods were identified, and it was also concluded that different genres of media texts require different approaches when they are translated, combining some or all of the aforementioned types of phenomena. In the second chapter, various translations of films are analyzed in detail, and a comparison of different versions of the translation of the same film text is presented. The options for translating advertising texts, which are classified by the type of translation and the target audience of the texts, were analyzed, as well. In the conclusion of the second chapter, the author describes the possibilities of practical application in the process of teaching the practice of translation obtained during the analysis and comparison of the results, which is largely justified by the comparison of both different genres of texts and their translations, and different translations of texts of the same genre. In the conclusion of the entire work, it is indicated that such a practice clearly demonstrates the differences in translations and styles of different texts, and that students studying specialties related to translation can learn new ways of translation using examples from this work.
24
Lo, Yee-man, and 羅綺文. "The use of the translation method for Hong Kong dialectalwords and standard modern Chinese written words in the teaching ofwriting in primary 4." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3028112X.
Full text
25
Ozsoy, Elif Ceylan. "An altenative to legal transplants : cultural translation as a less imperialistic law-making method : the case of Turkey and the LGB rights concept." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/32637.
Full textAbstract:
Through Judith Butler’s concept of ‘cultural translation’, this dissertation seeks to provide a less imperialistic law-making mechanism as it relates to the lesbian, gay and bisexual rights concept (hereinafter ‘the LGB rights concept’) in Turkey, which currently relies heavily on legal transplantation. In search of a new law-making method, this thesis first deconstructs ‘legal transplantation’ as that which creates various asymmetrical relations that amount to consolidating Western imperialism. Critical legal scholars have shown great interest in revealing the imperialistic consequences of the law-maker West and the law-taker non-West. This thesis aims to add another dimension to these discussions by placing ‘imitation’, as advanced by Judith Butler, at the heart of its analyses. It scrutinises legal transplantation through the various imitations/repetitions it embodies and explores the role of imitation in law-making as law-taking. It does so by evaluating legal change by means of legal transplantation through the example of the Turkish experience with the LGB rights concept, and uses Judith Butler’s understanding of imitation/repetition, as advanced in her gender performativity concept, to achieve this evaluation This thesis attempts to expand our understanding of law-making as law-taking by unveiling their performative force, which humanises the subject in a way that is similar to the processes of gendering it. In doing so, this thesis aims to transfer the analyses that postulate the gendered body as performative to the rubric of human rights law, and argues that humanisation of the body through granting rights is performative as well. Though the occasion arises for subversion from these various imitations, it introduces a new law-making method, cultural translation, transforming the realm of limited possibilities for human rights into the realm of the possible.
26
Олійник, П. "Проблема перекладу скорочень у науково-технічній літературі." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/52090.
Full textAbstract:
В центрі лінгвістичних досліджень переклад абревіатур і скорочень завжди фігурував як актуальна тема для вивчення, але в останнє десятиліття він займає почесне місце серед ряду досліджень найгостріших проблем для перекладачів. Зазвичай, прийняті скорочення є офіційними, загальноприйнятими і вони не підлягають різноманітним змінам та субституції.
27
Miyoshi, Makoto. "THE ELEMENTS OF THE CLINICAL SUPERVISION: EXPORTING CONCEPTS TO JAPAN." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1167.
Full textAbstract:
The current Japanese counseling profession is in the process of reforming and uniting the system and training together for counseling and related professions. Supervision is one of significant training piece in this profession; however, its familiarity among Japanese counseling professionals is very unclear. This study explored how Japanese counseling professionals conceptualize the ideal figure of a clinical supervisor based on the identified fundamental elements of clinical supervision in the US. The preliminary analysis indicates that each aspect of the U.S. clinical supervision models might be adoptable to Japanese counseling professionals. Yet the small sample size does not confirm the conceptual framework of the ideal clinical supervisor for Japanese counseling professionals, the main analysis indicated an alternative culturally appropriate conceptual framework. Further research embracing Japanese cultural characteristics and sound ethical manner in the professional counseling and supervisory relationship would enrich the clinical supervision in Japan.
28
Ngwendu, Amandla. "The use of translation as a teaching method in second language teaching: a case study with second language learners of isiXhosa at the University of Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22878.
Full textAbstract:
This research topic came about during my honours research project. The honours project studied strategies that are used by second language learners in acquiring vocabulary. One of the strategies that were used was direct translation. Upon further research into the subject, it was we discovered that no work has been done on the use of translation as a teaching method in isiXhosa. This study attempts to bridge the information gap in the area of second language learning and teaching in African languages. The current study followed two classes at University of Cape Town where isiXhosa literature is taught as a second language. Given that the students do not speak any isiXhosa at entry level, they rely heavily on their first language for making sense of the second language. In the case of literature, where terminology is not carefully selected to accommodate second language learners, students rely heavily on translation. This study therefore investigates the role and process of translation as a teaching method. The lack of research in this area made it very difficult to follow a particular theoretical framework, therefore the study followed a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Students were given activities that would require translation in order for the task to be completed. This forms part of their normal learning process. These activities were analysed. The second part consisted of a questionnaire that surveyed the student's views regarding the use of translation. Findings based on the qualitative data analysis revealed heavy relianace on translation as a learning strategy. Students also indicated that prior knowledge of vocabulary as well as an understanding of morphology were both very beneficial.
29
Mohseni, Saber. "Réception de Hâfez de Chirâz en France : examen critique de la première traduction intégrale française du Divân de Hâfez." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF011/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse se propose de faire une critique traductologique de la première traduction complète du Divân de Hâfez en français qui, dès sa parution, a suscité admirations et reproches et qui a valu au traducteur, Charles-Henri de Fouchécour, plusieurs prix et titres littéraires. Dans la première partie, intitulée « À la recherche du traducteur », on s’intéresse à C. H. de Fouchécour en tant que chercheur et spécialiste de la littérature classique persane et traducteur du Divân de Hâfez. Dans le premier chapitre, on étudie sa carrière dès ses commencements afin de révéler la manière dont il aborde et conçoit les œuvres persanes. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré au traducteur qu’est C. H. de Fouchécour et on révèle ce qu’il pense de l’acte de traduire (sa position traductive), le projet traductif qu’il a adopté pour traduire l’œuvre de Hâfez et enfin l’horizon traductif, c’est-à-dire la situation de la traduction poétique en France et surtout l’historique de la traduction des poèmes hâféziens en français. La deuxième partie de cette recherche, « La traduction et la poésie », est consacrée au texte à traduire et au texte traduit ; c’est-à-dire que dans le troisième chapitre, on présente une nouvelle lecture de la pensée hâfézienne en prêtant une attention privilégiée à la forme de sa poésie. Dans le quatrième chapitre, après avoir établi une méthode de confrontation tridimensionnelle fondée sur la lecture présentée dans le chapitre précédent, on aborde la confrontation de cinq ghazals hâféziens avec leurs traductions françaises d’A. Guy, G. Lazard et C. H. de FouchécourThis thesis intends to offer a “traductological critique” of the first complete translation of the Divan of Hafiz in French, which, upon its publication, aroused both admiration and criticism and earned its translator, Charles-Henri de Fouchécour, several literary awards and titles. In the first part, entitled "In Search of the translator," we focus on C. H. de Fouchécour as a researcher and specialist in classical Persian literature and translator of the Divan of Hafiz. In the first chapter, we examine his career from its beginning, to reveal how he approaches and presents Persian works. The second chapter is devoted to the translator that is C. H. de Fouchécour and reveals how he conceives translation, the specific perspective he adopted to translate the Divan of Hafiz and finally his “horizon traductif”, in other words the situation of the poetic translation in France and especially the history of the translation of Hafiz’s poems in French. The second part of this research, "Translation and poetry", is devoted to the source text and the translated text; that is to say, in the third chapter, we present a new reading of the Hafizian thought, paying a special attention to the form of his poetry. In the fourth chapter, having established a three-dimensional method of comparison, based to the reading presented in the previous chapter, we compare five ghazals of Hafiz with their French translations by A. Guy, G. Lazard and C. H. de Fouchécour
30
Campos, Maria Idalina Krause de. "Educação da diferença com Paul Valéry : método espiritográfico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163790.
Full textAbstract:
Ce texte-thèse prend la vie et l’oeuvre du poète et penseur français Paul Valéry pour concevoir un faire poétique dans la recherche-enseignement. Il explore la multiplicité des procédures valéryennes d’écriture et les transforme en processus expérimentaux d’écrilectures. Utilise l’idée de la connaissance comme invention pour créer un composite d’écriture et de lecture en élargissant l’usage des facultés intellectives d’un esprit qui lit et écrit. Opère des mouvements exploratoires en traversements imaginatifs avec la philosophie, avec la littérature et avec l’éducation. Compose la Méthode Esprit Graphique pour laquelle un être pensée risque un nouveau regard face à le spectacle de l’existence et s’y autoéduque moyennant des actions bio graphématiques, qui mouvementent corps-esprit-monde. Cette pensée et ce faire poétique activent l’être-empirique de l’étudiant, de l’écrivain et de l’enseignant (EEE), qui agit par self-variance (variation de soir). En exploitant les puissances du langage valéryen, elle met en exécution des processus de traduisibilités didactiques en mutation constante qui transcrivent la réalité curriculaire. En tant qu’un procès ouvert, multiple et défiant, qui prend comme matière empirique la vie elle-même, expérimentée dans les champs du savoir, la thèse fonctionne comme autoformation du chercheur-professeur, en disséminant l’impulsion et les aventures du désir d’éduquer.Este texto-tese toma a vida e a obra do poeta e pensador francês Paul Valéry para conceber um fazer poético na pesquisa-docência. Explora a multiplicidade dos procedimentos valéryanos de escrita e transforma-os em processos experimentais de escrileituras. Utiliza a ideia do conhecimento como invenção, para criar um compósito de escrita e de leitura, ampliando o uso das faculdades intelectivas de um espírito que lê e escreve. Opera movimentos exploratórios, em atravessamentos imaginativos com a filosofia, com a literatura e com a educação. Compõe o Método Espiritográfico, para o qual um serpensamento arrisca um novo olhar diante do espetáculo da existência e aí se autoeduca por meio de ações biografemáticas, que movimentam corpo-espírito-mundo. Neste pensar e fazer poético, ativa o eu-empírico do estudante, do escritor e do educador (EEE), que age pela self-variance (variação de si). Explorando as potências da linguagem valéryana, exercita processos tradutórios didáticos, em constante mutação, que transcriam a realidade curricular. Como processo aberto, múltiplo e desafiador, que toma como matéria empírica a própria vida, experimentada nos campos do saber, a tese funciona como autoformação do pesquisador-professor, disseminando o impulso e as aventuras do desejo de educar.
This thesis-text has taken the work of the French poet and thinker Paul Valéry to conceive a poetic way of doing in teaching-research. It explores the multiplicity of Valeryan procedures and converts them into experimental processes of reading-writing. It uses the idea of knowledge as invention in order to create a compound of writing and reading, thus widening the use of the intellective faculties of a spirit that reads and writes. It makes exploratory moves in an imaginative intertwining with philosophy, literature and education. It designs the Spiritographic Method, for which a thought-being risks a new way of looking at the spectacle of existence, where it educates itself by means of bio-graphmatic actions that move body-spirit-world. In this poetic way of thinking and doing, it activates the empirical self of the student, the writer and the educator, which acts through self-variance. By exploring the potencies of Valeryan language, it exercises ever-changing didactic translating processes that transcreate the curriculum reality. As an open, multiple, challenging process that takes life itself as empirical matter, experimented in the fields of knowledge, the thesis functions as teacher-researcher self-education by disseminating the impulse and the adventures of the desire to educate.
31
Reshetniak, Maryna Valeriivna, Марина Валеріївна Решетняк, and Марина Валерьевна Решетняк. "A Foreign Language Acquisition." Thesis, Publishing house Education and Science, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/50985.
Full textAbstract:
The article discloses historically based approaches of a foreign language education and throws light on the new study, which may revolutionize language learning. The main methods of teaching foreign languages, which are highlighted in the article, are: the grammar translation method, the direct method, the audio-lingual method, the communicative language teaching method and the series method. And a modern research of a PhD from New Zealand is described below.Стаття розкриває історично сформовані підходи до вивчення іноземних мов, а також надає додаткову інформацію щодо нового дослідження, яке може внести революційні зміни до вивчення будь-якої мови. Основні методи навчання іноземним мовам, що будуть проаналізовані в даній статті, наступні: метод граматичного перекладу, аудіально-лінгвістичний метод, комунікативний метод, прямий метод та послідовний (серійний) метод. І сучасне дослідження доктора філософії з Нової Зеландії оглянуто нижче.
Статья раскрывает исторически сформировавшиеся подходы к изучению иностранных языков, а также предоставляет дополнительную информацию про новое исследование, которое может революционно перевернуть изучение языков. Основные методы преподавания иностранных языков, которые будут проанализированы в данной статье, следующие: метод грамматического перевода, аудиально-лингвистический метод, коммуникативный метод, прямой метод и последовательный (серийный) метод. И современное исследование доктора философии из Новой Зеландии рассмотрено ниже.
32
Della, Corte Giuseppe. "Text and Speech Alignment Methods for Speech Translation Corpora Creation : Augmenting English LibriVox Recordings with Italian Textual Translations." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik och filologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413064.
Full textAbstract:
The recent uprise of end-to-end speech translation models requires a new generation of parallel corpora, composed of a large amount of source language speech utterances aligned with their target language textual translations. We hereby show a pipeline and a set of methods to collect hundreds of hours of English audio-book recordings and align them with their Italian textual translations, using exclusively public domain resources gathered semi-automatically from the web. The pipeline consists in three main areas: text collection, bilingual text alignment, and forced alignment. For the text collection task, we show how to automatically find e-book titles in a target language by using machine translation, web information retrieval, and named entity recognition and translation techniques. For the bilingual text alignment task, we investigated three methods: the Gale–Church algorithm in conjunction with a small-size hand-crafted bilingual dictionary, the Gale–Church algorithm in conjunction with a bigger bilingual dictionary automatically inferred through statistical machine translation, and bilingual text alignment by computing the vector similarity of multilingual embeddings of concatenation of consecutive sentences. Our findings seem to indicate that the consecutive-sentence-embeddings similarity computation approach manages to improve the alignment of difficult sentences by indirectly performing sentence re-segmentation. For the forced alignment task, we give a theoretical overview of the preferred method depending on the properties of the text to be aligned with the audio, suggesting and using a TTS-DTW (text-to-speech and dynamic time warping) based approach in our pipeline. The result of our experiments is a publicly available multi-modal corpus composed of about 130 hours of English speech aligned with its Italian textual translation and split in 60561 triplets of English audio, English transcript, and Italian textual translation. We also post-processed the corpus so as to extract 40-MFCCs features from the audio segments and released them as a data-set.
33
Limoncelli, Kelly A. "Identification of Factors Involved in 18S Nonfunctional Ribosomal RNA Decay and a Method for Detecting 8-oxoguanosine by RNA-Seq." eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/945.
Full textAbstract:
The translation of mRNA into functional proteins is essential for all life. In eukaryotes, aberrant RNAs containing sequence features that stall or severely slow down ribosomes are subject to translation-dependent quality control. Targets include mRNAs encoding a strong secondary structure (No-Go Decay; NGD) or stretches of positively-charged amino acids (Peptide-dependent Translation Arrest/Ribosome Quality Control; PDTA/RQC), mRNAs lacking an in-frame stop codon (Non-Stop Decay; NSD), or defective 18S rRNAs (18S Nonfunctional rRNA Decay; 18S NRD). Previous work from our lab showed that the S. cerevisiae NGD factors DOM34 and HBS1, and PDTA/RQC factor ASC1, all participate in the kinetics of 18S NRD. Upon further investigation of 18S NRD, our research revealed the critical role of ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), thus adding to the emerging evidence that the ribosome senses its own translational status.
While aberrant mRNAs mentioned above can occur endogenously, damaging agents, such as oxidative stress or UV irradiation, can negatively affect the chemical integrity of RNA. Such lesions could lead to translation errors and ribosome stalling. However, current tools to monitor the fate of damaged RNA are quite limited and only provide a low-resolution picture. Therefore, we sought to develop a deep-sequencing method to detect damaged RNA, taking advantage of reverse transcriptase's ability to insert a mutation across a damaged site. Using oxidized RNA as a model damaged RNA, our preliminary data showed increased G>T mutations in oxidized RNA. This method provides the foundation for future work aimed at understanding how cells deal with damaged RNA.
34
Afram, Eliane. "La percepción de métodos didácticos en la enseñanza del español comolengua extranjera : Análisis cualitativo sobre la percepción de los alumnos de los métodos gramática- traducción,método situacional y método comunicativo." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-113239.
Full textAbstract:
Nuestra tesina trata de indagar en cómo piensan los alumnos de bachillerato sobre los métodos didácticos elegidos para aprender una lengua extranjera. El objetivo de esta tesina es investigar tres métodos didácticos; método gramática- traducción, método situacional y método comunicativo, comprobar si los estudiantes los utilizan, y cuál les resulta más útil y por qué. Hemos investigado qué opinan los alumnos con la ayuda del método cualitativo a través de entrevistas cualitativas. Podemos decir que los alumnos utilizan los métodos hasta cierto punto en su enseñanza. Piensan que todos los métodos tienen sus aspectos positivos y negativos. Los aspectos positivos y negativos están repartidos de manera igual entre los métodos didácticos.Denna uppsats handlar om att undersöka hur gymnasieelever som studerar moderna språk uppfattar de undervisningsmetoder vi valt att studera när de lär sig ett främmande språk. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka tre undervisningsmetoder; grammatik - och översättningsmetoden, kontext-metoden och den kommunikativa metoden, för att kontrollera om eleverna använder dem, vilken de tycker är mest användbar och varför. Vi har, med hjälp av kvalitativ metod och kvalitativa intervjuer undersökt hur eleverna uppfattar dessa didaktiska metoder. Vi kan säga att eleverna använder metoderna till viss del i sin undervisning. Enligt deras åsikt har alla metoder positiva sidor men även negativa. De positiva och negativa aspekterna är jämlika mellan olika undervisningsmetoder.
35
Abdallah, Mohamed Abdelrahman Moussa Noha. "Análisis traductológico de los términos culturales en la subtitulación árabe-español." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/159276.
Full textAbstract:
[ES] El despegue de la traducción audiovisual (TAV) tuvo lugar dentro del mundo académico con la aparición de una edición de la revista Babel dedicada a la traducción del cine en 1960. Desde entonces, esta variedad de traducción se va adquiriendo una innegable pujanza. A partir de los años ochenta, los traductólogos coinciden en dar prioridad al aspecto comunicativo intercultural de la traducción. A principios de los noventa, se puso en marcha una perspectiva culturalista de la traducción denominada cultural turn o giro cultural de traducción. Durante el siglo XXI, la traducción audiovisual (TAV) ha alcanzado su máximo desarrollo experimentando cambios significativos gracias a los grandes avances tecnológicos y la eclosión de nuevas formas de difusión audiovisual. A partir del último tercio de la década de los años noventa, esta área de estudio ha visto un desarrollo vertiginoso en los círculos académicos. Sin embargo, los estudios dedicados a analizar la traducción de textos audiovisuales del árabe al español presentan un campo bastante escaso.
Con el presente trabajo de investigación, pretendemos abrir el camino para llenar un vacío en tales estudios. Partimos de un marco metodológico descriptivo basado en el modelo de análisis elaborado por Martí Ferriol (2006) que consta de tres parámetros de análisis: las restricciones, las normas y las técnicas de la traducción audiovisual para facilitar la posterior identificación del método de traducción para la variedad audiovisual. El objetivo principal de esta tesis consiste en verificar si las tipologías de estrategias traductoras existentes, y tradicionalmente basadas en combinaciones de idiomas con el inglés son aplicables para analizar la TAV para el caso concreto de la combinación lingüística árabe - español. Para ello se realizó un análisis exhaustivo del tratamiento de los términos culturales presentes en dos películas egipcias subtituladas en español dirigidas por Youssef Chahine Estación Central (Bāb al-ḥadīd) (1958) y La tierra (Al-ʼrd) (1969). La elección estuvo condicionada por razonas traductológicas y cinematográficas. La profusión de términos culturales presentes, las marcas de oralidad que el traductor ha de solventar en el proceso traductor y la distancia cultural entre las culturas origen y meta suponían un gran desafío para el traductor. Desde el punto de vista cinematográfico, el director Youssef Chahine se desmarcaba del resto con una identidad cinematográfica propia y las películas, objeto de estudio, recibieron el reconocimiento de la crítica nacional e internacional, siendo seleccionadas en la lista de las mejores películas realizadas en la historia cinematográfica árabe.[CA] L'enlairament de la traducció audiovisual (TAV) va tenir lloc dins del món acadèmic amb l'aparició d'una edició de la revista Babel dedicada a la traducció del cinema en 1960. Des de llavors, aquesta varietat de traducció es va adquirint una innegable puixança. A partir dels anys vuitanta, els traductòlegs coincideixen a donar prioritat a l'aspecte comunicatiu intercultural de la traducció. A principis dels noranta, es va posar en marxa una perspectiva culturalista de la traducció denominada cultural turn o gir cultural de traducció. Durant el segle XXI, la traducció audiovisual (TAV) ha aconseguit el seu màxim desenvolupament experimentant canvis significatius gràcies als grans avanços tecnològics i l'eclosió de noves formes de difusió audiovisual. A partir de l'últim terç de la dècada dels anys noranta, aquesta àrea d'estudi ha vist un desenvolupament vertiginós en els cercles acadèmics. No obstant això, els estudis dedicats a analitzar la traducció de textos audiovisuals de l'àrab a l'espanyol presenten un camp bastant escàs. Amb el present treball de recerca, pretenem obrir el camí per a omplir un buit en tals estudis. Partim d'un marc metodològic descriptiu basat en el model d'anàlisi elaborada per Martí Ferriol (2006) que consta de tres paràmetres d'anàlisis: les restriccions, les normes i les tècniques de la traducció audiovisual per a facilitar la posterior identificació del mètode de traducció per a la varietat audiovisual. L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi consisteix a verificar si les tipologies d'estratègies traductores existents, i tradicionalment basades en combinacions d'idiomes amb l'anglès són aplicables per a analitzar la TAV per al cas concret de la combinació lingüística àrab - espanyol. Per a això es va realitzar una anàlisi exhaustiva del tractament dels termes culturals presents en dues pel¿lícules egípcies subtitulades en espanyol dirigides per Youssef Chahine Estació Central (Bāb al-ḥadīd)) (1958) i La terra (Al-ʼrd) (1969). L'elecció va estar condicionada per raons traductològiques i cinematogràfiques. La profusió de termes culturals presents, les marques d'oralitat que el traductor ha de solucionar en el procés traductor i la distància cultural entre les cultures origen i meta suposaven un gran desafiament per al traductor. Des del punt de vista cinematogràfic, el director Youssef Chahine es desmarcava de la resta amb una identitat cinematogràfica pròpia i les pel¿lícules, objecte d'estudi, van rebre el reconeixement de la crítica nacional i internacional, sent seleccionades en la llista de les millors pel¿lícules realitzades en la història cinematogràfica àrab.
[EN] The advent of audiovisual translation (AVT) took place within the academic world with the publication of a special edition of the scholarly journal Babel in 1960 which was devoted to cinematographic translation. Since then, this field of translation has been growing rapidly. Since the 1980s, Translation Studies agreed to give priority to the intercultural communication aspect of translation by going beyond the translation's purview of transferring texts or languages to transferring cultures. A cultural approach to the study of translation or "cultural turn" was launched in the early 1990s. During the 21st century, the AVT has reached its maximum development undergoing significant changes thanks to the great technological advances and the emergence of new forms of audiovisual dissemination. Since the late 1990s, this area of study has experienced a remarkable development in academic circles. However, the studies dedicated to analyze the translation of audiovisual texts from Arabic to Spanish remain a limited field research. The present dissertation is an attempt to open the way to fill a gap in such studies. The methodological descriptive framework adopted in the present dissertation is based on the analysis model developed by Martí Ferriol (2006) which consists of three parameters: restrictions, norms and techniques of AVT to facilitate the subsequent identification of the translation method adopted by the subtitling versions. The main aim of this thesis is to verify whether the existing typologies of translation strategies, and traditionally based on language combinations with English, are applicable to analyze AVT for the specific case of the Arabic - Spanish language combination. In order to accomplish our aim of study, we carried out an exhaustive analysis of the treatment of the cultural terms in two Egyptian films subtitled in Spanish directed by Youssef Chahine Central Station (Bāb al-ḥadīd) (1958) and The land (Al-ʼrd) (1969). We chose our corpus on translation and cinematographic basis. The abundance of cultural terms in the selected corpus, the characteristics of verbal communication and the cultural distance between the origin and target cultures posed a great challenge for the translator. From the cinematographic point of view, the director Youssef Chahine stood out from the rest with his own cinematographic identity and the films, object of study, received the recognition of national and international critics, being selected in the list of the best films made in the Arab cinematographic history.
Abdallah Mohamed Abdelrahman Moussa, N. (2020). Análisis traductológico de los términos culturales en la subtitulación árabe-español [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/159276
TESIS
36
Сусіденко, Є. М. "Репрезентація ролі перекладу у науково-технічному дискурсі." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81115.
Full textAbstract:
Захищено англійською мовоюМета: відображення сутності процесу перекладу на прикладі здійснення відтворення науково-технічного тексту та його одиниць засобами іншої мови шляхом застосування основних перекладацьких методів, прийомів та засобів Теоретичне значення: ознайомлення із ключовими проблемами перекладацького поля, які виникають під час роботи із текстами науково-технічного дискурсу Кваліфікаційна робота присвячена дослідженню поняття «переклад» у площині науково-технічного дискурсу. Розглянуто особливості англомовного науково-технічного тексту, їх вплив на перебіг процесу перекладу, проблеми, які виникають у зв’язку із цим та шляхи їх вирішення. Визначено основні перекладацькі трансформації, методи і прийоми, що використовуються для чіткого відтворення змісту автентичного англомовного тексту науково-технічного спрямування засобами української мови. Результати роботи відображені у статті «Відтворення особливостей науково-технічного тексту в перекладі», яка опублікована у науковому періодичному виданні «Вчені записки Таврійського національного університету імені В. І. Вернадського», том 31 (70) № 2, 2020 рік).
Цель: отображение сущности процесса перевода на примере осуществления воспроизведения научно-технического текста и его единиц средствами другого языка путем применения основных переводческих методов, приёмов и средств Теоретическое значение: ознакомление с ключевыми проблемами переводческого поля, возникающими при работе с текстами научно-технического дискурса Выпускная работа посвящена исследованию понятия «перевод» в плоскости научно-технического дискурса. Рассмотрены особенности англоязычного научно-технического текста, их влияние на ход процесса перевода, проблемы, возникающие в связи с этим и пути их решения. Определены основные переводческие трансформации, методы и приемы, используемые для четкого воспроизведения содержания аутентичного англоязычного текста научно-технического направления средствами украинского языка. Результаты работы отражены в статье «Воспроизведение особенностей научно-технического текста в переводе», опубликованной в научном периодическом издании «Ученые записки Таврического национального университета имени В. И. Вернадского», том 31 (70) № 2, 2020 год).
Goal: representation of the translation process on the example of scientific and technical text and its units reproduction by means of another language through basic translation methods, techniques and tools Theoretical meaning: acquaintance with key problems of the translation field arising while working with texts of scientific and technical discourse This master thesis is devoted to the study of translation concept in the field of scientific and technical discourse. The paper deals with peculiarities of the English language scientific and technical text, their influence on the translation process, problems that arise and ways of their solution. The main translation transformations, methods and techniques used for correct reproduction of the content of the authentic English-language scientific and technical text by means of the Ukrainian language are determined. The results of the work were presented in the article «Reproduction of features of scientific and technical text in translation» that was published in the scientific periodical «Scientific Notes of Taurida National V. I. Vernadskiy University», book 31 (70) № 2, 2020).
37
Al, Musawi Jaafar. "Formation et pratique des enseignants de traduction français-arabe / arabe-français dans les universités irakiennes." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1010/document.
Full textAbstract:
Notre travail est une étude didactique, traductologique et linguistique. L’objectif de ce travail est de trouver une solution à l’enseignement de la traduction français-arabe/ arabe-français dans le cursus de FLE dans les universités irakiennes. Le manque d’avancée notable dans le domaine de l’enseignement de la traduction et de la mise en œuvre des procédés didactiques en classe est le fruit d’un déséquilibre entre le programme dans les départements de français et le bagage linguistique et les compétences didactiques de l’enseignant. L’intériorisation de la grammaire de la langue cible est l’un des objectifs principaux en didactique des langues. Le recours par l’enseignant de la classe de traduction à une grammaire explicite favorise-t-il ou entrave-t-il l’intériorisation de la grammaire des langues ? Il est nécessaire que la formation initiale des enseignants de langue et de traduction comporte une solide initiation à deux modèles métalinguistiques.Malgré les études universitaires croissantes pour l’enseignement de la traduction, il n’existe à notre connaissance aucune étude, surtout en Irak, portant sur la didactique de la traduction entre le français et l’arabe qui permettrait d’acquérir la compétence traductionnelle à des apprenants de langues étrangères. Ce travail est important pour le système universitaire en Irak car il n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une étude approfondie. Il est nécessaire pour créer des départements de traduction français –arabe dans les universités irakiennes. Notre initiative s’accompagne de l’introduction en Irak de méthodes nouvelles de traduction comme l’AMD (Analyse matricielle définitoire).Ce travail s’attaque notamment aux difficultés linguistiques de la traduction à partir des traductions des apprenants irakiens des universités de Bagdad et d’Al-Mustansiriyah. Dans cette optique, nous avons réalisé une enquête auprès des professeurs de français et des étudiants de ces universités.La finalité de ce travail est une réflexion qui vise à :Entrainer les enseignants à faire des analyses linguistiques qui leur fassent prendre conscience du fonctionnement de leur langue (en l’occurrence l’arabe) et des différences de fonctionnement entre leur langue et la langue vers laquelle ou à partir de laquelle ils traduisent (en l’occurrence le français). L’analyse doit se focaliser sur le fonctionnement de la langue et non sur l’apprentissage ou la comparaison du métalangage ou telle théorie linguistique ou grammaticale même si le formateur doit, lui, avoir une formation linguistique théorique cohérente.III Faire découvrir aux enseignants les débats contradictoires et souvent violents que connait la traductologie et leur fournir les outils qui leur permettent d’adopter une attitude critique au sein de ces débats.Apprendre aux enseignants à se construire une méthode de traduction avec un protocole relativement précis qui en définit les différentes étapes. Leur apprendre à justifier la méthode qu’ils auront choisieOur work is a didactic, traductologic, and linguistic study. This work aims to find a solution for the French-Arabic / Arabic-French translation teaching in French as Foreign Language courses in Iraqi universities.The lack of noteworthy advances in translation teaching and the implementation of didactic techniques is the result of an imbalance between the program of French departments and the linguistic and didactic skills of the teacher.The interiorization of the target language grammar is one of the principal aims in language didactics. When a translation teacher resorts to an explicit grammar point, does this promote or hinder the interiorization of the grammar? It is necessary that the language and translation teachers pre-service training contains a solid introduction to two metalinguistic models.Despite the increasing number of studies on translation teaching, there is, to our knowledge, no study, especially in Iraq, on didactics of French-Arabic translation to the foreign language learners which could let them acquire translation skills. This work is important for the Iraqi academic system because there was no in-depth study on this matter before. It is necessary for the creation of French- Arabic translation departments in Iraqi universities. Our initiative includes the introduction of the new translation methods in Iraq as the DMA (Defining Matrix Analysis).This work particularly tackles the linguistic difficulties in translation using translations of Iraqi learners at the universities of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriyah. With this in mind, we conducted a survey among teachers of French and students of these universities. The purpose of this work is a reflection which aims to: Entrain the teacher to make linguistic analysis which will help them to become aware of the functioning of their language (in this case Arabic) and the differences of functioning between their language and the source language or the target language (in this case French). This analysis must focus on the functioning of the language and not on the learning or the comparison of the metalanguage or of a linguistic or grammatical theory, even if the tutor himself must have a consistent knowledge of linguistic theories.Make teachers capable of discovering the contradictory, often violent, debates that the traductologie can supply them with the tools that allow them to adopt a critical attitude within these debates. Instruct teachers to build a translation method with a relatively precise protocol that defines the different steps. Teach them to justify the method they have chosen
38
Ponomareva, Anna. "Translation methods and the notion of the translator's visibility : evaluating the latest translations of Alexander Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin" into English." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10043911/.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of translation methods has been discussed in one way or another since the birth of translation itself. However, shortly before the turn of the 21st century it was promoted as the focus of contemporary translation studies by Lawrence Venuti, with the publication of his book The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation in 1995. In this book Venuti gives names to two translation methods, domesticating and foreignizing, and advocates visibility, or self-positioning, for the translator in his or her work. Venuti’s ideas have triggered various polemical reactions in translation studies, the reverberations from which are still heard today. My thesis is a modest contribution to the development of our understanding of the two translation methods and the notion of the translator’s visibility which is closely linked to them. In terms of the scale, data modalities and methodologies used it is a pioneering study. Pushkin’s novel in verse Eugene Onegin (1830s), one of the key texts of Russian literature, is chosen to provide data for my research based on the following five contemporary translations into English: Douglas Hofstadter (1999), Olivia Emmet and Svetlana Makourenkova (1999), Tom Beck (2004), Henry Hoyt (2008) and Stanley Mitchell (2008). The focus of my investigations is on the novel’s book covers, the translator’s introductory chapters and other supplementary materials, and the text of Chapter Five of the novel. Visual images, paratextual and textual features of Eugene Onegin have been systematically analysed in order to identify several patterns of the translators’ self-positioning in their work and to specify what constitutes domesticating and foreignizing translation. My findings reveal a strong intention on the part of translators to be visible in their work and also point to the lack of indicators for defining the two methods to constitute a simple bi-polar contrast.
39
Del, Sonno Matteo. "Methods of Translation in Dante's Inferno." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full text
40
Hu, Song. "Examining strategies and methods in advertisement translation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2456354.
Full text
41
Blackwood, G. W. "Lattice rescoring methods for statistical machine translation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596707.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis develops a robust inventory of large-scale lattice rescoring methods that improve the quality of statistical machine translation. These rescoring methods include (i) sentence-specific, high-order language models estimated over multi-billion word corpora, (ii) stochastic segmentation transducers that model the phrasal segmentation process in phrase-based SMT, (iii) efficient large-scale lattice minimum Bayes-risk decoding procedures based on weighted path counting transducers, (iv) multi-input and multi-source lattice combination techniques that synthesise multiple sources of translation knowledge, and (v) a novel decoding framework based on segmentation of a word lattice into regions of high and low confidence that supports targeted application of modelling techniques intended to address particular deficiencies in translation. Efficient realisations of these lattice rescoring methods are described in terms of general purpose weighted finite state transducer operations. A second theme of this thesis concerns the exploitation of monolingual corpora. Although monolingual data is much more widely available than parallel data, in SMT it is typically only used for building word-based language models. However, there are other complementary ways in which this data can be used to improve translation quality. Two novel lattice rescoring methods for exploiting monolingual corpora – phrasal segmentation models that learn the segmentation of sequences of words into sequences of translatable phrases, and monolingual coverage constraints that address the often overlooked issue of machine translation fluency – are proposed in this thesis.
42
Akiba, Yasuhiro. "Automatic evaluation methods for machine translation systems." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144795.
Full text
43
Vetoshkina, M. M., and D. V. Nestorenko. "Texts of Ecological Discourse: Teaching Translation Methods." Thesis, Sumy State Universität, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67319.
Full textAbstract:
The contemporary world is characterized by globalization and
technological modernization. The human society develops and makes
meaningful strides towards new discoveries and researches. The new
disciplines and subjects appear. Philological sciences are burgeoning, that
is why one of such disciplines – ecolinguistics – has appeared. A founder
of the term “ecology of language” is an American linguist Einar Haugen.
In 1970 he proved that there was interaction between psycholinguistics and
sociolinguistics [5, 106]. The ecolinguistics also helps in investigating the
role of a language in solving different ecological problems. This discipline
is a tool that gives the opportunity for a linguist to investigate texts of
ecological discourse.
44
Nyström, Mattias. "Lost in translation : Bibliometrisk domänanalys av translation studies." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126131.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the academic discipline translation studies; the analysis centers upon bibliometric aspects, and is carried out chiefly by means of quantitative methods, enabled by the databases Web of Science and Scopus as well as by the corpus-linguistic software Wordsmith; however, this quantitative focus is complemented by auxiliary qualitative means of investigation, i.e. a discourse-analytically oriented study of a corpus of domain-endemic reviews.
A number of core journals are analyzed in order to show what and whom are cited in translation studies, and, furthermore, what adjacent domains hold sway over it; attention is also given to influential authors, regions and languages operating within the domain. It is shown that the domain under scrutiny is quite differentiated, even fragmentary; the term pluricentric is used to describe this tendency towards sprawling. No superior authors (in terms of publication frequency) emerge, which arouses the suspicion that the domain may be conditioned by a hierarchical divide between journals and monographs. Furthermore, it is clear that translation studies is a eurocentric domain: European languages dominate. This is, however, a contested state-of-affair; debates rage within the domain, evidencing a vibrant yet also discordant characteristic. The thesis also contributes to a meta-theoretical advancement within bibliometrics; it does so by showing the benefits and limitations of using quantitative tools to examine a domain located squarely within the humanities; the main contribution, however, lies in suggesting that qualitative methods are relevant to bibliometric endeavors, and in illustrating how such methods can be brought to bear on a somewhat overlooked genre, namely the scholarly review. Also worthy of note within this thesis is the cultural-studiesque critique of reified analytical categories within bibliometrics; such humanities-fueled critique is to be encouraged, and will hopefully flourish in future scholarly projects.
This is a two years master’s thesis in the field of library and information science.
45
El-Karnichi, Fouad. "Exploring pedagogical and curricular practices in postgraduate and undergraduate translation programs in Qatar : towards the development of a localized competency-based approach." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10967.
Full textAbstract:
The number of translation programs within a university context has multiplied in many countries worldwide, which led to the need to question their quality (Gambier, 2012). In the Arab world, especially in the Gulf region, translator education is an emerging practice. For instance, in Qatar, the first translation programs were launched in 2012 at both Qatar University (BA minor in translation ) and the MA programs in translation studies at the Translation and Interpreting Institute (College of Humanities and Social Sciences; Hammad bin Khalifa University). Arabic scholars in the field of translation have highlighted the ongoing curriculum and pedagogical issues at the regional level. Many university programs in the Gulf region prefer to import foreign curriculum packages rather than invest in creating localized programs (Badry & Willoughly, 2015); hence, there is a need for programs relevant to the local and regional communities and contexts (Taibi, 2016). This could only be done through ground exploratory research to identify the problems and address them through a consensus process between the various stakeholders: academia, society and the profession.
This doctoral thesis is a result of an exploratory and descriptive study carried out on the two existing translation programs in Qatar (a postgraduate program at the translation and interpreting Institute at Hammad Bin Khalifa University; and an undergraduate program at Qatar University) to identify the type of pedagogical and curricular practices in these institutions and align them with the findings from the practices in the translation and interpreting professions as well as translation professionals' perceptions in the state of Qatar.
The present study has focused on the following objectives: 1) the identification and description of the professional translator profile in the Qatari context; 2) the identification of the pedagogical (teaching and learning) practices used in translation programs at Arabic universities in the Gulf region, such as Qatar; 3) knowledge required according to the opinions of professionals working in the field, and the competencies that these professionals believe should be developed in a translation program; and 4) a description of the necessary conditions to integrate such professional requirements in these types of professionally-oriented programs.
The findings obtained from the study suggest that a knowledge of the working environments of translators and the required knowledge, skills and abilities to exercise the translation profession is crucial to a translation instructor as well as to a translation or interpreting curriculum developer. Such an awareness would result in the transfer of a different meaning of translation and translator status in society than the one it carries at present in Qatar. Also, there is a need to update the pedagogical and curriculum practices within a university context in Qatar to further integrate professionally oriented types of content, and adopt innovative pedagogies to educate multilingual service providers in the country. Although participants claimed that they are willing to integrate dynamic teaching practices, at the same time they also declared that they would keep the same curricular practices privileged by the institutions. The Interviewees from the profession reported the poor students’ performance in an internship in the local context. Other interviewed practising translators - who graduated from one of the translation programs in Qatar- suggested that the current modes of instruction need to be revised and that more situated, project and problem-based types of activities need to be implemented in the classroom.
The results may be useful for teaching staff, instructors, administrators, and the management to improve and reconsider their existing curriculum and pedagogical practices within a university-based program by including the integration of research-based professional practices in the initial design of courses. The positive and consensus-based partnership between academic instances and the professional practitioners is a key solution in this regard. The addition or deletion of courses in a program and the focus on the importance of textbooks without diagnosing the social and community needs, as well the lack of a clear framework to assess faculty or instructor competency and eligibility to educate and train translators, has led to quality issues in existing programs.
46
McLeod, Tina Louise. "Investigating methods of visualising translation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7105/.
Full textAbstract:
Gene expression is compartmentalised in eukaryotes due to the nuclear envelope separating the nuclear processes of transcription and pre-mRNA processing from cytoplasmic translation. While ribosomes are synthesised in the nucleus, it is understood that a number of mechanisms keep them inactive until they reach the cytoplasm, where they mature to become translation-competent. However, this consensus view is being challenged by a growing body of evidence in support of nuclear translation. A newly developed technique, known as ribopuromycylation (RPM), had reported the presence of puromycin-bound nascent peptides on immobilised ribosomes in the nuclei of human cells. I investigated whether this method could be used, combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation, to determine whether nuclear ribosomes can cotranscriptionally translate nascent transcripts in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Surprisingly, I discovered that, in contrast to that reported in the original study, immobilising ribosomes with translation elongation inhibitors does not lead to retention of puromycylated peptides on ribosomes in either S. pombe, Drosophila melanogaster or HeLa cells. However, I show here preliminary data which suggest that despite puromycylated peptides being released from the ribosome, puromycin immunostaining might still be used to visualise the sub cellular localisation of ribosomes inS. pombe, along with other approaches which I also describe.
47
Гордієнко, К. О. "Дієвість принципу навчити вчитися перекладу." Master's thesis, Суми: СумДУ, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81122.
Full textAbstract:
Мета: обґрунтувати педагогічні умови формування дієвості принципу навчити вчитися перекладу на заняттях з іноземної мови, аналіз основних методів, які використовує викладач під час навчання.
Теоретичне значення: визначення ролі іноземної мови у процесі навчання перекладацької діяльності; виявлення потенціалу іноземних мов у навчальних закладах та ролі викладача у формуванні перекладацької компетенції у процесі вивчення іноземної мови.Цель: обосновать педагогические условия формирования действенности принципа научить обучению перевода на занятиях по иностранному языку, анализ основных методов, используемых преподавателем во время обучения. Теоретическое значение: определение роли иностранного языка в процессе обучения переводческой деятельности; выявление потенциала иностранных языков в учебных заведениях и роли преподавателя в формировании переводческой компетенции в процессе изучения иностранного языка.
Goal: to specify the conditions of translation upbringing and main techniques to foreign language learning. Theoretical meaning: definition of the main translation purpose; determination the pedagogical potential of foreign language learning and the essential role of teachers during the whole education at foreign language lessons.
48
Brunning, James Jonathan Jesse. "Alignment models and algorithms for statistical machine translation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608922.
Full text
49
Black, Amelia Kathleen. "Language Translation for Mental Health Materials: A Comparison of Current Back-Translation and Skopostheorie-Based Methods." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6720.
Full textAbstract:
As mental health professionals seek to disseminate information in many languages in order to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population, it is important to consider the methods of written translation that the field is choosing to employ. The method chosen for translation can affect the accuracy and usability of the translated text. This study begins with a survey of current literature, the results of which suggest that the most popular translation method in the mental health field is back-translation, a translation method based in the premise that translating a text back into its original English after it has been translated into a second language provides an accurate indication of the success of the translation. This study then compares back-translation with an alternative translation approach based in skopostheorie, an area of translation theory that asserts that translational activity should be ultimately grounded in the purpose of the translation rather than the objective equivalency of the source and target texts. Each of the two approaches is applied separately in the translation of the Centers for Disease Control's handout, "Helping Parents Cope with Disaster," into Spanish and Chinese. The two resulting target texts for each language are compared in terms of linguistic equivalence by review committees and compared in terms of usability by individuals from the target audiences. Feedback from reviewers and audience members in both languages suggest that the skopostheorie based approach to translation may facilitate higher quality translation than back-translation in terms of both equivalence and usability. Suggestions for mental health professionals engaging in translation are then offered, as well as directions for future research.
50
Mussakhanova, G. "Translation of metonymy in fiction." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/52086.
Full textAbstract:
Metonymy is one of the most common tropes in fiction based on the interaction of logical and contextual meanings of lexical units or groups of lexical units where the context is the artwork and idea inserted by the author.