Dissertations / Theses: 'Translation strategy'

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Melebari, Mazen. "Exploring strategy translation in projects." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-strategy-translation-in-projects(59c7aa90-27b5-4050-bdf7-2ff5e05da9f4).html.

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Many management studies report poor implementation of organisational strategy into practice (Yukl and Lepsinger, 2007; Li et al., 2008) and the absence within the literature of the question of how to translate strategy into effective practice provides the encouragement for this study. There are suggestions that by adopting a project management approach, organisations can better implement their overall strategies, meaning that what they do is properly and totally aligned with their goals (Pellegrinelli and Bowman, 1994). However, recent studies have concluded that project management makes little contribution to the achievement of organisational objectives, and possibly causes failure in this respect (Young and Grant, 2014). That said, Young and Grant (2014) have not provided any detailed information on the reason for such failure. At the same time, some management studies have revealed a number of challenges that confront organisations when approaching strategy implementation. Given these observations, this study aims to explore how organisations in Saudi Arabia are practising project management. It does so by adopting a qualitative method, involving thirty (30) face-to-face semi-structured and unstructured interviews undertaken in two phases with five organisations from the banking, property development, and higher education sectors. Two exploratory case studies (IT and Construction) were used to investigate the translation challenges in respect of strategy and project management implementation. From these, the study has identified a number of challenges confronting the participating organisations, and shows these challenges to be inter-related. Furthermore, it arrives at an understanding of why these challenges arise by investigating how the practice has been translated in these organisations. The tools and materials which resulted as objects from the translation are used to establish common knowledge, but are insufficient to create a clear view of the strategy within the participating organisations. Three main challengers related directly to the translation of project management practice emerged, namely: change, individual influences, and the role of the objects. The study makes several recommendations to improve the translation concept so that strategy implementation and overall project management practice can be enhanced. Additionally, it makes recommendations for further research to continue the efforts in this field of enquiry.

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Curtis, Sheryl A. "Visible hands, inferring translation strategy, an analysis of a corpus of translations produced at Canadian National (CN)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/NQ39031.pdf.

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Roman, William. "Inhibiting translation as a novel strategy to target multiple Myeloma." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106443.

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Multiple Myeloma (MM) cell survival has been shown to depend on precise control of protein production and degradation. Disruption of protein catabolism through proteosomal or aggresomal blockade results in MM cell death. We hypothesized that inhibiting protein production would have a similarly toxic effect in MM. We explored the consequences of inhibiting mRNA translation in MM using silvestrol, a powerful inhibitor of ribosomal recruitment, which preferentially disrupts the production of certain cell regulatory and survival proteins. A panel of silvestrol-treated MM cell lines showed profound inhibition of growth and a rapid induction of apoptosis, as seen by MTT viability and AnnexinV flow cytometric assays respectively. The average IC50 in MM cells was determined to be 20nM while it was considerably higher in primary cultures of senescent fibroblasts. We show that silvestrol inhibits protein translation by inhibiting ribosome binding, decreasing polysome content and increasing 80S ribosomes. Western blot analyses show that silvestrol rapidly decreases the expression of c-Myc and non-canonical NF-KB signaling. Expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 decreased while pro-apoptotic proteins, such as BAX, increased with silvestrol treatment. In a novel transgenic mouse model of MM (vk*myc), which has been shown to behave clinically like human MM, silvestrol does not appear to be toxic and is therapeutically effective. Our results warrant clinical evaluation of silvestrol.
Il a été démontré que la survie des cellules cancéreuses chez les patients atteints du Myélome Multiple (MM), dépend de la régulation de la production et de la dégradation des protéines. Une perturbation du système de catabolisme des protéines, à travers un blocage proteosomale, engendre la mort de ces dernières. Nous avons donc formulé l'hypothèse que l'inhibition de la production de protéines aurait des effets toxiques similaires. Grâce à un puissant inhibiteur, le silvestrol, nous avons déterminé les conséquences liées à l'inhibition de la translation de l'ARN messager. Le silvestrol est un inhibiteur de recrutement ribosomale qui affecte de manière préférentielle certaines protéines impliquées dans la division et la survie cellulaire. Une panoplie de lignées cellulaire spécifiques au Myélome ont été susceptibles au silvestrol, ce qui s'est exprimé par une inhibition de la croissance cellulaire et une amorce rapide de l'apoptose. Cela a été observé grâce au test de viabilité MTT et par l'analyse de cytométrie en flux avec les marqueurs Annexin V et 7-AAD. La moyenne du ci50 des cellules du myélome testées a été établie à 20 nM, tandis qu'une concentration considérablement plus élevé est nécessaire pour obtenir les mêmes résultats chez les cultures primaires de fibroblaste sénescents. Nous démontrons que le silvestrol inhibe la translation des protéines en bloquant le ribosome 80S au départ du codon d'initiation de la translation. Ceci engendre une accumulation des ribosomes 80S et une décroissance du nombre de polysome par ARN messager. Nos analyses de western blot montrent que le silvestrol provoque une décroissance de l'expression de l'oncogène c-Myc et de NF-KB. De plus, l'expression de protéine anti-apoptotiques tel que Mcl-1, Bcl-Xl et Bcl-2 décroit avec un traitement de silvestrol, alors que l'expression de la protéine pro-apoptotique Bax augmente. Nos résultats montrent que le silvestrol est efficace et non toxique dans le nouveau model transgénique du MM (la souris Vk*Myc) qui est réputé pour sa similarité de caractéristiques avec le MM humain. Nous prônons une évaluation clinique du silvestrol.

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Karlsson, Susanne. "Terminology in the Translation of TwoTexts on Structural Engineering." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13519.

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This paper is about the handling of challenging terminology within the technical field of structural engineering. The translation of two texts on structural systems "Antiquated Structural Systems Series", published in STRUCTURE magazine, serves as the basis for this study. The analysis focuses on the search and textual strategies for a selection of difficult terms. The terms are divided into four groups: terms with no Swedish equivalent; terms with more than one Swedish equivalent; acronyms; and measurements. The analysis shows that the search strategies are the same, regardless of term type, and that they involve many steps, including looking for terms in dictionaries and term banks; comparing terms in encyclopedias and parallel texts; and confirming usage. The textual strategies that were helpful in the translation were procedures based on the theories of Vinay and Darbelnet (in Munday 2008) and Ingo (2007), such as literal translation, borrowing, calque, adaptation and addition. The result shows that the chosen textual strategy for each challenging term differed greatly and depended on, for example, context and translator preference.

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Calder, Victoria L. "A translation strategy and gene map for pea seedborne mosaic virus." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Microbiology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6748.

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A method was developed to purify pea seed borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) and its genomic RNA from peas. The RNA of PSbMV was found to be polyadenylated and approximately 10,000 nucleotides long. A cDNA library of 360 clones was made. Of these, 80 clones were screened to determine the size of the inserts. One or more Rsal fragments were sequenced from each of three clones, pPSb54, pPSb66 and pPSb401. A fourth clone, pPSb70, was used as a probe in Northern blots. The cylindrical inclusions of PSbMV were found to have several different morphologies. Pinwheels, scrolls and short laminate aggregates were all observed to be induced by PSbMV. The presence of all three types of inclusions places PSbMV in subdivision-IV according to the classification of Edwardson et al. (1984). The molecular weights of 3 virus-encoded proteins were established by Western blots. The molecular weights are: coat protein 33 kDa, nuclear inclusion b protein 48 kDa, and the cylindrical inclusion protein 70 kDa. The molecular weight of the Nla protein (45 kDa) was established by immunoprecipitation of in vitro translation products. A gene map for PSbMV was proposed, using information from serologically cross-reacting products of the in vitro translations of PSbMV-RNA together with information from Western blots. The proposed map places the coat protein gene at the 3' end of the genome. Upstream of this is the putative replicase gene (Nib), then a putative protease (Nla), followed by the cylindrical inclusion gene. The gene encoding the amorphous inclusion protein is nearer the 5' end. The translation strategy of PSbMV was determined using in vitro translation of PSbMV-RNA in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The virus produces a polyprotein that is proteolytically cleaved to produce 7 or more mature products. Full length PSbMV-RNA was isolated from the polyribosomes of infected plant material. The amount of PSbMV-RNA electroporated into the protoplasts of Nicotiana species was found to increase very rapidly for the first 4 hours of incubation, then the RNA level was maintained for a further 8 hours. After 12 hours incubation, the amount of RNA was observed to decrease. Western blots using antiserum to the coat protein of PSbMV indicated that PSbMVRNA was translated in Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts.

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Xu, Ran. "Translation, Cultural Diplomacy and China’s “Going Out” Strategy: Official Storytelling Through the Translation of Contemporary Chinese Literature in Pathlight." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42436.

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This thesis focusses on contemporary China. It examines the role the dominant ideology plays in determining the kinds of texts and narratives that are translated for export as part of government-sponsored translation projects. The literary magazine Pathlight, launched as an instrument of Chinese cultural diplomacy, is at the centre of this research project. At the turn of the 21st century, the Chinese government stepped up its funding of cultural diplomacy activities in efforts to disseminate Chinese traditional culture and Chinese discourse internationally. This move was fuelled by mounting criticism and negative reporting from the Western mainstream media on China, and China’s declining image worldwide. As part of this, the Chinese government initiated a number of projects to enhance the country’s image and discursive power through cross-cultural exchanges and cultural diplomacy, and thus forge its own narrative on China in the international community (K. Zhao, 2016). Drawing upon notions of patronage and ideology from Lefevere’s rewriting theory and anchoring on previous research on similar translation projects, this study applies qualitative content analysis methods to pinpoint the recurring themes and narratives in the English translations exported in Pathlight from 2011 to 2019. It searches for links between these recurring themes and narratives and current Chinese mainstream ideology as expressed by “the Chinese dream.” The findings of this dissertation reveal that, although the dominant ideology in China does put certain limitations on what kinds of stories and narratives are selected for translation and export in government-sponsored translation projects, compared to years prior to the economic reforms of the 1980s, the variety of stories and narratives translated and exported has greatly increased. Arguably, this could be explained by the changes in the country’s dominant ideology over the past 30 years, and by how the Chinese government is turning to “softer” methods of control.

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Stočkūnaitė, Milda. "Translation of Fixed Collocations and Idioms." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130613_162826-39652.

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The object of the study is the structure and semantics of fixed collocations and idioms in the English language and their Lithuanian equivalents. The aim of the work is to research how English fixed collocations and idioms are translated into Lithuanian and what stylistic and semantic changes they undergo. The main research methods applied in the research are descriptive theoretical literary analysis, contrastive method and statistical method.In theoretical part the concepts of fixed collocation and idiom are discussed. Further consideration is focused on the classification of previously mentioned idiomatic expressions. Fixed collocations and idioms are classified regarding to what they mean and what they refer to. Translation strategies and the difficulties when translating the idiomatic expressions are discussed. The practical part is divided into three parts which examine fully equivalent, semantically similar, formally modified and functionally equivalent fixed collocations and idioms. The selected examples prove that the majority of idioms undergo semantic, stylistic or structural changes in the process of translating them from one language into the other. Though there are some English idioms that have equivalents in Lithuanian, in the majority of cases only few or none of the elements coincide.
Bakalauro baigiamojo darbo objektas yra fiksuotų kolokacijų ir idiomų struktūra bei semantika anglų kalboje ir jų lietuviškuose atitikmenyse. Darbo tikslas - ištyrinėti kaip angliškos fiksuotos kolokacijos bei idiomos išverčiamos į Lietuvių kalbą bei kaip pasikeičia jų stilistika ir semantika. Pagrindiniai tyrimo metodai yra šie: aprašomoji teorinė literatūros analizė, gretinamasis metodas, statistinis metodas. Teorinėje dalyje nagrinėjamos fiksuotos kolokacijos ir idiomos sąvokos. Toliau dėmesys skiriamas jau minėtų idiomatinių išsireiškimų klasifikacijai. Fiksuotos kolokacijos ir idiomos sugrupuotos pagal reikšmę bei tą, ką jos nurodo. Aptariamos vertimo strategijos bei idiomatinių išsireiškimų vertimų sunkumai. Praktinis tyrimas suskirstytas į tris dalis, kurios tiria visiškai ekvivalentiškas, panašias semantiškai, bet pakeista forma ir praktiškai ekvivalentiškas fiksuotas kolokacijas ir idiomas. Pasirinkti pavyzdžiai įrodo, kad daugumos idiomų semantika, stilistika ir struktūra pasikeičia jas verčiant iš vienos kalbos į kitą. Nors ir yra angliškų idiomų, kurios turi atitikmenis Lietuvių kalboje, daugeliu atvejų sutampa tik keli arba nei vienas žodis.

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Lindblad, Jonathan. "Translation strategies of H.P. Lovecraft’s neologisms into Japanese." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Japanska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-24054.

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The present study conducted to investigate the different strategies applied by two Japanese translators translating H.P. Lovecraft's neologisms. The neologisms for the study were collected from Clore's (2009) lexicon and analysed based on Newmark's (1988) twelve types of neologisms. Each neologism was then compared to its Japanese equivalent found in the Japanese translations of Lovecraft's collective work. The neologisms were analysed and categorised based on Newmark's (1988) eleven proposed strategies. Seven of Newmark’s (1988) eleven strategies were found and "Naturalisation" was the most frequently applied strategy.

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Xie, Qingli. "Language students’ acquisition of explicitation as a procedural strategy in Chinese-English translation." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2019. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/42dcbf1e97ca8bc9b41a6899fa485a816bf9ad0b8552bcab2baad9653c1c8237/3881253/Xie_2019_Language_students_acquisition_of_explicitation_as.pdf.

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In the literature, translation techniques are either presented with a summary of practical experiences or examples in the translation of a particular text type (e.g., Le, 2000; Yu, 2012) or largely discussed from a theoretical point of view (e.g., Ge, 2002; Hu, 2009), but few studies, if any, are empirical or evidence-based, or focus on students’ acquisition of translation techniques, let alone that of explicitation. With a triangulation of process-based and product-based approaches, this study is a new attempt to investigate students’ acquisition of explicitation, a translation technique first identified by Vinay and Darbelnet ([1958] 1995) as “making explicit in the target language what remains implicit in the source language” (p. 342) and a key term that has received much attention since the widespread use of corpora in translation studies in the late 1990s. Explicit teaching of explicitation as a strategic procedure from a social constructivist perspective was applied to an experimental group to investigate the effectiveness of this intervention. Data revealed that participants in the experimental group were more effective in their post-test translation performances in terms of the two parameters of smoothness and the total score, showing statistically significant gains where their peers in the control group did not. Further, they showed in similar comparison with their peers and their own pre-test performances significant improvement in effective employment of pragmatic explicitation in the texts. However, there was no significant improvement in terms of the faithfulness parameter between the experimental and the control group and an analysis of the levels of the total scores of both groups indicated that no participants got an “excellent” or “good” score and the majority of them only got a “passable” one. Survey data of open-ended questions, translation journals, interview data and TAPs all revealed “Explicitation-taught” participants’ awareness of using this translation technique in translating. However, an analysis of their TAPs and translations revealed that there was a gap between what they knew about explicitaion and how they performed as reflected in the target texts they produced. On the other hand, an analysis of the participants’ translations of 28 key points in assignments revealed their inconsistent and unstable performances as novice translators with relatively low average accurate rates in their employment of explicitation from the perspectives of the four procedures of addition, clarification, foregrounding, and specification in relation to obligatory and optional explicitation and the grammatical, lexical, semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic dimension. In summary, the present study was an attempt to investigate language students’ acquisition of explicitation with a view of shedding light on instruction of translation techniques.

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Al-Adwan, Amer Samed Abd Abu Orabi. "Euphemisation as a politeness strategy in Arabic screen translation , with special reference to 'friends'." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500508.

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This study examines the use of euphemisation as a politeness strategy in subtitling the American sitcom Friends into Arabic. It draws on core concepts of Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness, such as the notion of face, face-threatening acts and redressive strategies, to explain subtitlers' choices in rendering sequences which are potentially offensive to an Arab audience. The study sets out to examine the extent to which a modified and extended model of euphemisation as a strategic output of politeness can be productively applied in the field of audiovisual translation, and specifically to subtitling from English into Arabic. This involves a critical examination of the treatment of euphemisation in Brown and Levinson's theory in the first instance. A new and more eclectic model of euphemisation is then proposed. The new model draws mainly on two existing models developed outside politeness theory, by Williams (1975) and Warren (1992). To account for euphemistic expressions identified in the data and not covered by the categories proposed in Williams and Warren's studies, two further categories are introduced, namely, semantic misrepresentation and omission. Applying the new, extended model to the data enables the themes and topics most commonly euphemised in the Arabic subtitles to be identified. The model has also proved helpful in capturing recurrent strategies of euphemisation employed by Arab subtitlers in dealing with a range of face-threatening acts, especially sexual references and utterances related to certain distasteful topics such as death, disease and bodily functions

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Duff, Shawn. "Relative clause formation in King Alfred's translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7330.

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In this paper, relative clauses in King Alfred’s Old English translation of Gregory the Great’s Pastoral Care were examined using relative frequency as a tool to determine whether or not certain factors influenced the choice of relativization strategy. These factors include antecedent case, antecedent gender, antecedent number, distance, animacy, noun phrase type, case of relativized NP, and syntactic function.

The method involved gathering together all the occurrences of relative clauses using the Old English corpus and a Modern English translation. This process was not unproblematic as the correct translation from Old English to modern English sometimes was left to the discretion of the translator. Some clauses that were initially thought to be relative clauses were, in fact, not relative clauses. The components of each of the clauses were then examined and categorized after any problematic examples were discarded. Relative frequencies for each of the categories were calculated and chi-square tests were performed to check the reliability of the results.

The results of this paper were compared to another paper which did somewhat similar research to determine if the findings were consistent although that paper did not look at as many factors as this paper.

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Pate, Robert Lee. "A strategy for calming the troubled waters of the Bible translation controversy among Independent Baptists." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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Kirch, Michael A. "Generative dramaturgy : a strategy for refocusing directorial intent in the translation phase of play development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8161.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-40).
This explication focuses on the director working collaboratively in the ensemble towards generating new material inspired by the play text in the staging of the play. The strategy employed to achieve this efect is referred to as a generative dramaturgy. The aim is to foster co-ownership in the actors of teh ensemble by developing their natural and instinctive responses during the translation phase. I specifically look at the South Africa theatre context which neither works in a culturally homogenous environment nor performs to a culturally homogenous audience, and where multicultural theatre is a familiar theatre practice.

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Vaitkutė, Rugilė. "Translation of teen slang from english into lithuanian in Melvin Burgess’s novel "Doing it"." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120831_102937-76665.

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Haugstad, Bjørn. "Strategy as the intentional structuration of practice : the translation of formal strategies into strategies-in-practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:91e71808-dad2-4532-87e5-e2380d5d17ad.

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Acknowledging the difficulties of achieving effective strategic management in practice, this thesis investigates how formal strategies quite often succeed in conditioning organisational actions even in firms such as professional service firms, which may lack effective measures for coercing action and which often depend on distributed decision-making. The fundamental question posed in this investigation is: what are the social processes that make strategies work? This thesis addresses that question by contributing to our understanding of strategy realisation as a continuing process of translating formal strategies into ‘strategies-in-practice’, i.e. the situated performance of strategies through choices, actions, and practices pertaining to the selection and accomplishment of concrete assignments. The thesis investigates this translation process in three small professional service firms, in which the responsibility for enacting the strategies lies with autonomous practitioners, making centralised strategy realisation difficult. Searching for integration rather than further fragmentation of different strands of strategy research, the thesis make use of Porterian activity systems theory, Giddens’ structuration theory, Wittgensteinian theory of rule-following, Searlean theory of intentionality, and the strategy-as-practice approach, in order to understand the translation process as the intentional structuration of practice. The thesis reports two main contributions, the first addressing a gap in strategy re-search, the second contradicting prevailing theories. The first contribution is an outline of a theory of strategy translation: how formal strategies are translated into strategies-in-practice, coping with insoluble strategic dilemmas, and achieving maintenance of strategic position and strategies-in-practice under pressure for unwanted change. Good strategies-in-practice are as much about managing dilemmas as about eliminating them. Second, in contrast to prevailing strategic positioning theory and generic strategies, this study documents the potential benefits of straddling strategically distinct services within a single activity system, in terms of: learning opportunities; work variation; better opportunities for attracting, developing, and retaining talented people; the possibilities of capitalising on client relationships; and the dynamics of routinisation of once-novel services.

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Heydarian, Seyed Hossein. "Towards a methodology for improving strategy-based translation training : explored through an English-Persian case study." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/109959/.

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This study initially aims to draw up a plan for the implementation of the concept of translation strategies in translation training. It presents a new method to improve translation competence in an educational context. Moreover, it is an attempt to determine how the application of different facets of the concept of competence can lead us to establish an effective plan for translation training courses in any environment. This will be sought for through the analysis of more significant strategies in terms of educational value and through a novel methodology. The scope of the concept of strategies for pedagogical purposes is initially identified, while various considerations of the same term within the discipline are examined. As an important related notion, the issue of translation universals and their link to corpus-based translation studies are presented before introducing and developing a strategy-based translation training model. In order to recognise the educational significance of strategies, i.e. to find and classify the degree of the importance of translational solutions for any language pair, an analytical paradigm is proposed. The paradigm is based on the relation between the frequency of the occurrence of each strategy, on the one hand, and the average scores which are given to that strategy by the raters, on the other and examined through English-into-Persian translation practice in an academic setting. As the theoretical framework of the study, the main categorisation of translation problems proposed by Baker (1992/2011) and slightly revised by González Davies (2004) is analysed and modified based on different theoretical discussions as well as the findings of the mentioned paradigm. Though, the ultimate goal of this study has not been confined to the two languages involved, the researcher has reached some important findings for English-Persian pair through such an exposure. Baker’s primary categorisation that sees translation problems ‘at word level’ and ‘above word level’ is extended by adding a new category, ‘at the level of non-lexical items’, by considering difference and less popularity of using punctuation marks in languages like Persian as the target language. In the second degree, and according to the analysis of academic translation data, new subcategories are added to her list, while the importance of some of her subcategories is not observed in reality of current students’ works. Therefore, by introducing and testing a problem-strategy paradigm, the areas of educational significance of translation strategies are demonstrated, not only by re-defining the Baker-Davies’ model but also by proving the practicality of the methodology. On the whole, the research has aided to explore a developed strategy-based translation training model by linking the principal concepts categorized as: ‘translation strategies’, ‘translation competence’ and ‘paradigm of educational significance’.

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Al-Kenai, J. B. S. "Some linguistic and cultural problems of English-Arabic translation and their implications for a strategy of Arabization." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233516.

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Al-Kenai, Jamal B. S. "Some linguistic and cultural problems of English-Arabic translation and their implications for a strategy of Arabization." Online version, 1985. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/23302.

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Priest, Roy. "Enhancing graduate employability : a study of stakeholder perceptions of employability policy and its translation into university strategy." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/89103/.

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The extent to which universities should prepare graduates for the workplace has been a particular focus of policy impacting across higher education over the last 20 years as a result of a number of factors: changes to ways in which higher education is funded in the UK and the subsequent cultural shift towards students being perceived as consumers of degree courses; ease of access to the results of metrics by which universities can be compared; the pace of technological change in the workplace and the impact that this has had on the requirements of employers when recruiting graduates. Various reports have focused on attempting to distil the key qualities and skills that employers are looking for when recruiting graduates. How such skills related to employability can or should be enhanced as part of a degree experience are the source of debate at a policy level and amongst academic staff. In the midst of this perceived cultural shift in higher education it is important to explore the perspectives of key stakeholder groups: individuals working at policy level, academic staff, students and employers. This study explores these issues in a particular setting, BSc Music Technology-oriented courses. Such highly vocational degrees offer an opportunity to investigate perceptions in the context of courses that typically highlight the development of skills and attributes carefully aligned to the requirements of employers. Following a qualitative methodology, this research investigates the perspectives of stakeholders through semi-structured interviews, focus groups and a survey. One of the key findings of this study is that there is a disconnect between espoused policy which emphasises ever greater integration between industry and higher education and the reality as experienced by academics, students and employers. The findings highlight the need for improved channels of communication and in particular, the value of informal interactions.

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Tengbom, Christina. "Coming to terms with cricket : A translation study of terminology in texts on cricket." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106944.

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This essay discusses the translation of terms in four texts on cricket. The first aim of the essay was to identify the most appropriate translation strategy for each term based on Niska and Frøili’s (1992:361) six translation strategies. Their strategies were complemented by considerations of equivalence and Swedish grammar and language structure. The identified terms were divided into the categories Players, Field & Equipment and Rules & Scoring and the second and third aims of the essay were to investigate if a particular translation strategy was more commonly used for all the cricket terms, as well as if a particular translation strategy was more frequently used for a specific category. This information can aid translators in the decision making when translating new cricket terms. The result showed that direct transfer and translation of an explanation of the source term were more frequently used, sometimes in a combination in the form of a translation doublet. With regards to the three categories, direct transfer was used in the majority of term translations in the category Rules & Scoring, while the strategies were more evenly distributed for the other two categories. No reliable conclusions can be drawn from the results in this essay as a much larger sample would be required. It may, however, be an indication of that certain translation strategies are more applicable in the translation of cricket terms and can be used as a starting point for future studies.

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Damberg, Victor. "Returning Loanwords : Translation of Western Loanwords in Japanese to English." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-117872.

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Although the similarities between the English language and the Japanese language are few, the two have influenced each other profoundly in the last century. The category of words called gairaigo in the Japanese language mostly consist of loanwords from Western languages – in particular English. But what happens when translators translate these originally English words in Japanese back to English? This thesis sought to examine what kind of local strategies Japanese-to-English translators use when translating gairaigo, if these strategies vary depending on the text type and whether or not there is a correlation between the local strategies and the word class of the gairaigo. Three different kinds of texts were examined; a novel, several newspaper articles and an operation manual. By comparing the source texts with their corresponding target texts, it was possible to determine six different local strategies used to translate gairaigo – omission, returning, transposition, modulation, equivalence and paraphrase.
Även om japanska och engelska är två vitt skilda språk har de ändå påverkat varandra i stor utsträckning i modern tid. Den kategori av ord som på japanska kallas gairaigo består av lånord som främst lånats in från västerländska språk – framförallt engelska. Men vad händer när ord inlånade till japanska från engelska översätts tillbaka till engelska igen? Den här uppsatsen hade som syfte att undersöka vilka lokala strategier översättare använder när de översätter gairaigo. Skiljer sig strategierna beroende på vilken typ av text som översättaren arbetar med? Finns det en korrelation mellan vilken typ av lokal strategi som används och det inlånade ordets ordklass? Tre olika typer av texter undersöktes: en roman, ett antal nyhetsartiklar och en manual för en bärbar spelkonsol. Genom att jämföra källtexterna med de motsvarande måltexterna kunde sex olika lokala strategier identifieras: utelämning, återlämning, transposition, modulation, ekvivalens och parafras.

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Sun, Xiaofei. "Non-localisation : a semiotic, economic and media investigation into Apple's localisation strategy and its impact on Chinese translation traditions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32375/.

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Situated at the crossroads of Translation Studies, Semiotics and Chinese Studies, this thesis examines the non-localisation (NL henceforth) strategy adopted by Apple for its official website. Website layouts, multi-media information, textual information, such as names of products, services and technological solutions are kept unchanged on the Chinese target-language website. Focusing on the non-localised features, this thesis has three major aims. First of all, it seeks to verify a foreignising impact of the NL strategy on the Chinese translation tradition and Sino-centric values. Secondly, it tries to reconcile translation studies with merits of the localisation industry, namely digital technology and industrial management. Thirdly, regarding global power struggles, this thesis aims to verify that the foreignness of currently ‘dominant’ Anglo-American cultures, NL, is still mediated by the ‘dominated’ Chinese system that has long been a culture centre itself. However, the Chinese system cannot keep its own culture untouched by foreignness either. In order to achieve these three aims, a framework built on semiotics, digital-media, socioeconomics was established, giving birth to the following critical findings. First, NL has a foreignising impact on the Chinese translation traditions. In terms of how this impact is achieved and its efficacy, NL is fundamentally different from Lawrence Venuti’s paradigmatic model in translation studies. Venuti’ suggests translators in target cultures should take the initiative to achieve a foreignising impact by only using target language codes, in the literary domain. On the contrary, NL’s foreignising impact is achieved through:1) Apple’s technological and linguistic control over the development and dissemination of NL items, (such as iPhone and iPad) into the Chinese target culture through digital media, which minimise interference from Chinese publishers and editors who are mainly powerful in print media; 2) In Charles Peirce’s terms, NL items, being source language codes, are signs signifying Apple products that function as objects ubiquitously available in both source and target cultures (e.g. iPhone, a verbal sign, signifies Apple smartphone, an object popular in both U.S. and China); thus, no target code is needed for NL items to be understood in China, highlighting immediate foreignness, with substantially reduced target semiotic mediations; 3) Consumerism which is a foreign-oriented dimension of the Chinese society, conflicts with China’s domestic-oriented translation traditions. Due to China’s booming consumerism, a large and continuous consumption of Apple products in China socially consolidates the foreignising impact, and this cultural impact becomes measurable. The second key finding is the relationship between localisation and translation, and the implication on translation studies. Addressing existing attempts to explore the relationship between localisation and translation, (i.e. ‘localisation is just specialised translation’ vs ‘localisation includes translation’) this thesis discovers that localisation and translation are merely two different text production methods. In other words, both have equal status. Text production method refers to the entire information creation and dissemination process between source and target cultures. The difference between the localisation and translation is the historical, media, and technological context in which both are developed. Drawing on a review of media history, the thesis reveals that translation, as a text production method, includes source text composition, source text selection, translator selection, translation, translation editing and publishing. As print media matured, translation publishers and editors in the target cultures took and continue to take control over almost everything of translation apart from source text composition. The domesticating power of the publishers in the Anglo-American world, pointed out by Venuti, is actually a natural result of the industrial development; accordingly, it’s not difficult to understand why translators’ initiative to challenge the domestication tradition has been difficult. Localisation, as another text production method, includes, source content development and internationalisation, source content rendition, finalisation, and target content release. Multinational high-tech companies like Apple takes control over the entire process of localisation, witnessing a major shift of power from target to the source. This power shift is one of the major propelling forces for NL’s foreignising impact on the Chinese context. The macro-structural differences between localisation and translation pointed out in this thesis have significant implications on the current understanding of how translation creates cultural impacts in academia i.e. what translators do textually, such as a change of language style for instance, is only a part of the entire text production process. Overall this thesis argues that the study of translation impact should include much more than texts per se; instead social-economic and industrial circumstances under which texts are produced and disseminated must be factored in too.

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Ramalingam, NithyaPriya Shivanthi. "Exploration of training as an implementation strategy to promote physical activity within community settings: research, theory, and practice." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95051.

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The prevalence of inactivity remains high, with more than 80 percent of adults failing to meet physical activity guidelines. Numerous evidence-based interventions for physical activity promotion have been developed and tested to address this need, but are typically not scaled-up and sustained in the intended practice setting. Many of these physical activity promotion programs suggest community-based delivery, often requiring researchers to train delivery personnel on intervention components. However, there is a paucity of detail on for whom, under what conditions, and how training mechanism are effective in practice. The purpose of this research was to explore the questions related to the research, theory, and practice of training. For research, a mixed-methods exploration of delivery personnel characteristics and perceived barriers and facilitators before and after program delivery or non-delivery was conducted. For theory, a systematic review of physical activity trainings for community-based delivery personnel was conducted in the literature to determine the characteristics of those who were trained, the structural and mechanistic components of said trainings, and the effectiveness of these trainings. For practice, a case-study of existing training in a community based setting was conducted to determine training processes that are likely to be successful in the real world and to evaluate the feasibility of an observational tool for physical activity trainings. The results of this dissertation show that delivery personnel characteristics and skillset may impact the acceptability, appropriateness, and effectiveness of training. They also provide preliminary support for the inclusion and importance of peer support within physical activity trainings to increase the number and representativeness of people trained and increase comfort with the training material. Further, descriptions of training for in-person physical activity programs in community settings are vague and inadequate making them difficult to replicate. Taken together, these studies provide avenues for future research and practice to develop an evidence-base for training mechanisms.
Ph. D.

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24

Єгорова, Олеся Іванівна, Олеся Ивановна Егорова, Olesia Ivanivna Yehorova, Ольга Дмитрівна Бикова, Ольга Дмитревна Быкова, and Olha Dmytrivna Bykova. "Стратегии интерлингвального перевода рекламных слоганов: базовые подходы." Thesis, Vědecko vydavatelské centrum «Sociosféra-CZ», 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40361.

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Исследование представлено в рамках международной конференции Advertising in the modern world: history, theory and practice (May 22–23, 2014)
Стаття присвячена проблемам перекладу у межах рекламного дискурсу та релевантним шляхам перекладу рекламних слоганів зокрема. У фокусі уваги дослідження знаходяться стратегії прямого перекладу та адаптації.
Статья освещает проблемы перевода в рамках рекламного дискурса, а именно релевантные способы перевода рекламных слоганов. В фокусе внимания исследования находятся стратегии прямого перевода и адаптации.
This article highlights the translation problems within the advertising discourse, namely the appropriate ways of translating advertising slogans. Two basic strategies of translation and adaptation are considered.

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Sjöberg-Hawke, Carina. "Translating a guidebook: addressing reader expectation : A small-scale corpus study of direct reader address in a Swedish-English translation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77340.

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This study analyses the comparative frequency of “direct reader address” in English and Swedish walking guidebook texts. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of specific linguistic features that constitute “direct reader address”, the study aims to highlight the importance of considering reader expectation of a text, i.e. the target culture’s text conventions when translating. The linguistic features in focus are those which help to establish a familiar relationship between reader and writer and thus set up an imaginary dialogue. These are: second-person pronouns, first-person inclusive plural pronouns and verbs in the imperative mood. A translation corpus of walking-guidebook extracts (10 English originals, 11 Swedish originals and their English translations) and my own Swedish-to-English translation of such a text were analysed in order to a) determine to what extent “direct reader address” is used in Swedish and English original walking guidebooks; b) determine to what extent “direct reader address” is retained and used in English translations of Swedish walking guidebooks; and c) discuss the implications of this for translators of such texts. The results of the investigation show that although “direct reader address” does appear in both Swedish and English original guidebooks, it is more prevalent in English ones. Imperative verbs are the most common of all the relevant linguistic features. The results also show that the trend is not only to retain in English translations what “direct reader address” existed in Swedish originals but also sometimes to add “direct reader address” for reasons of syntax and idiomatic usage. The implications are that a target culture’s text conventions are consequential when translating a walking guidebook because they relate to reader expectation, in particular in relation to linguistic features of “direct reader address”. To translate well, and where deadlines allow, it is recommended that a translator’s strategy should try to address reader expectation.

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Kolev, Marinda. "Strategy and procedures for translating proper nouns and neologisms in Terry Pratchett’s fantasy novel Small Gods into Afrikaans." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58579.

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The history of translation has been built on the notions that the translator either leaves the writer alone and moves towards the reader (domesticating the text), or leaves the reader alone and moves towards the writer (foreignising the text). These strategies have been called many names, but the translator has always been faced with the choice between domesticating or foreignising the target text. This study considers the options available to a translator when translating the proper nouns and neologisms in a fantasy novel. The translator should not move towards and stand next to the reader to create a target text that is unrecognisable compared to the source text. At the same time, the translator cannot remain next to the writer and thus not change the proper nouns and neologisms to ensure that the target-text readers can understand all – or most of – the potential meanings. If the translator does not move closer to the readers, they cannot have the same experience as source-text readers. This study looks at the translation theories, strategies and procedures that can be applied when translating proper nouns and neologisms used in Terry Pratchett’s Small Gods. It is limited to the study of the neologisms that act as proper nouns, and does not look at other neologisms in the novel. The study identifies translation procedures that retain the meaning potential of the proper nouns and neologisms in the source text in the process of translating them into an Afrikaans target text. It compares the procedures that may have been used by the Dutch translator, by Venugopalan Ittekot, of the novel, Kleingoderij, into Dutch with the procedures that are identified to be used by a translator of the text into Afrikaans. This study identifies the procedures most appropriate to a possible translation of proper nouns and neologisms in Small Gods to Afrikaans in order to retain the meaning potential. The translation procedures that has been identified are addition, cultural adaptation, internationalisation, literal translation, neutralisation, substitution, transference, transliteration and transposition. These procedures can be used to attain equivalence at word level and in such a way that the meaning-potential is retained.
Dissertation (MA) University of Pretoria, 2016.
African Languages
MA
Unrestricted

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Wångstedt, Emelie. "Translating Place Names : A study on English place names in Swedish texts." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77510.

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This study looks at English place names in Swedish texts with a focus on which translation strategies are more common today, whether there is a progress from a diachronic perspective from translation to transference, and whether the prominence of each place name affects the chosen translation strategy. The thesis includes a corpusbased study of 299 place names collected from four sources, which were researched in the online newspaper archive found on the website of the National Library of Sweden. A chapter from Rowan Moore’s book Slow Burn City was translated and its use of place names analysed in light of the corpus results. The results showed that transference is the most used strategy today while part-translations and additions are also frequently used. The prominence of a place has been shown to be a determining factor in the chosen translation strategy, with more well-known places being transferred in English than lesser known places. The results varied between the different categories of place names (institutions and facilities, objects and works of art and geographical places) regarding the most frequent strategies in the past with some categories showing a progress from translation to transference, others with even use of translation and transference in the past and finally two categories where English was more common in the past than today.

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Farnoud, Esmaeel. "Processus psycho-cognitif de compréhension dans l'interprétation de conférence (consécutive et simultanée) et dans la traduction : cas du français et du persan." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100047.

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La traduction n’est pas une pratique linéaire qui part d’un texte-source (Ts) pour arriver à un texte-cible (Tc). La traduction est un exercice de compréhension et de ré-expression d'un discours qui suppose la mobilisation de connaissances linguistiques et thématiques. Les étapes du processus de traduction (compréhension du texte de départ, médiation culturelle et linguistique, mise en forme du texte d'arrivée) ne sont plus considérées comme une simple séquence de décodage et de recodage des messages. La progression des sciences cognitives au cours des vingt dernières années a permis de nourrir une réflexion multidisciplinaire aux frontières des neurosciences, de la psychologie, de la philosophie, de la linguistique et de l'intelligence artificielle. L’essentiel dans notre thèse consiste à découvrir la phase de « déverbalisation » lors de l’acte traduisante, un processus mentale qui ne peut être compris sans les apports des sciences cognitives. Parmi les nombreuses méthodes expérimentales sur le processus de la traduction on distingue entre la méthode de collection de données in vivo, c'est-à-dire prises sur le vif pendant l’opération traduisante, et la méthode de collection de données in vitro, c’est à dire après que le traducteur a eu fini de traduire. Dans cette recherche, en appliquant deux méthodologies TAPs(Think-aloud-protocols) et le logiciel Translog, on va étudier les problèmes rencontrés dans l’acte de traduction français-persan par nos participants ainsi que les stratégies utilisées par eux pour résoudre les problèmes linguistique et culturelles
The translation is not a linear act starting from a text source to reach the final text. The steps of the translation process (comprehension of the original text, cultural and linguistic mediation, shaping the target text) aren’t considered as a simple sequence of decoding and recoding messages. The progress of cognitive science in the last twenty years has helped feed a multidisciplinary study at the frontiers of neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, linguistics and artificial intelligence. The essential point of our thesis is to find the phase of " deverbalization " during the translation process. This is a mental process that couldn’t be understood without the contributions of cognitive science. Among the many experimental methods in the process of translation distinguishes between the method of data collection in vivo, that is to say, taken on the spot during the translation process, and the method of collection of in vitro data, is once the translator has finished translating. In this research, using a combination of the two process- oriented Approaches to study professional translation online: verbal reporting, better known as TAPs (think- aloud protocols), and Translog program for logging keyboard activity, we will examine the problems encountered in the act of translation French -Persian by our participants and the strategies used by them to solve linguistic and cultural problems

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Sun, Kang. "Translation in China as a Form of Technical Communication: Rethinking Social Roles of Technical Communication in the Current Political and Economic Contexts in China." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1122304773.

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Valencia, Isabel. "Välkommen till Lagos : En semantisk översättning från engelska till svenska." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182314.

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Postkolonial teori har skiftat intresset från västerländska diskurser till frågor som ideologi, ojämlika maktförhållanden och etik. I samband med översättningsvetenskapens kulturella vändning på 1980-talet, började översättningsvetare ifrågasätta översättningsstrategier som antingen assimilerar (domesticering) eller stereotypiserar (exotisering) källkulturen. Newmark (1981) föreslår en semantisk, källtextorienterad översättningsprincip och menar att så länge den åstadkommer en likvärdig effekt, är en ordagrann översättning inte bara den föredragna, utan den enda godtagbara översättningsmetoden. Denna uppsats är en kommentar till min egen översättning av de första 17 kapitlen i romanen Welcome to Lagos, skriven av den nigerianska författaren Chibundu Onuzo. Källtexten har översatts med hjälp av en semantisk översättningsstrategi. Kommentaren fokuserar på tre aspekter som krävde särskild uppmärksamhet under översättningsarbetet, eftersom de utgör betydande utmaningar för semantiska överföringssätt: kulturspecifika begrepp, stilfigurer och talspråksmarkörer. I kommentaren framförs att den semantiska översättningsstrategin fungerade bra på den övergripande textnivån; även om specifika översättningsproblem ibland fick angripas med ett mer kommunikativt förhållningssätt för att åstadkomma en idiomatisk måltext med likvärdig effekt i målkulturen.
Postcolonial Studies shifted the interest from Western discourses to issues of ideology, power inequality, and ethics. As a consequence of the cultural turn in translation studies in the 1980s, scholars started questioning translation strategies that either assimilate (domestication) or stereotype (exoticization) the source culture. Proposing a semantic, source-text oriented translation principle, Newmark (1981) argues that as long as an equivalent effect can be achieved, literal translation is not just the preferred, but the only acceptable procedure. This paper comments on my own translation of the first 17 chapters of the novel Welcome to Lagos, written by Nigerian writer Chibundu Onuzo. The source text was translated using a semantic translation strategy. The commentary focuses on three key aspects that demanded particular attention during the translation process, due to the fact that they present significant challenges to semantic transfer methods: culture-specific items, stylistic devices, and spoken language markers. As the commentary suggests, the semantic translation strategy worked well on the global text level; occasionally, however, specific translation problems had to be dealt with using a more communicative approach in order to produce an idiomatic target text with an equivalent effect in the target culture.

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Li, Hua. "RNA SEQUENCE DETERMINANTS OF A COUPLED TERMINATION-REINITIATION STRATEGY FOR TRANSLATION OF DOWNSTREAM ORF IN HELMINTHOSPORIUM VICTORIAE VIRUS 190S AND OTHER VICTORIVIRUSES (FAMILY TOTIVIRIDAE)." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/plantpath_etds/9.

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Double-stranded RNA fungal virus Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (genus Victorivirus, family Totiviridae) contains two large open reading frames (ORFs) that overlap in the tetranucleotide AUGA. Translation of the downstream ORF, which encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), was previously proposed to depend on ribosomal reinitiation following termination of the upstream ORF, which encodes the capsid protein. In this study, I provided evidence to confirm that coupled termination-reinitiation (stop-restart) is indeed used. A dual-fluorescence method was established to define the RNA sequence determinants for RdRp translation. Stop-restart depends on a 32-nt stretch of RNA sequence immediately upstream of the AUGA motif, including a predicted pseudoknot structure. The presence of similar sequence motifs and predicted RNA structures in other victoriviruses suggest that they all share a related stop–restart strategy for RdRp translation. The close proximity of the secondary structure to the AUGA motif appears to be especially important for promoting translation of the downstream ORF. Normal strong preferences for AUG start codons and canonical sequence context for translation initiation of the downstream ORF appear somewhat relaxed. With dual-fluorescence system, reinitiation efficiency of the downstream ORF was determined to be ~3.9%. Pseudoknot swapping between the one in HvV190S and those predicted from other victoriviruses showed that reinitiation from the downstream ORF of HvV190S is quite tolerant to varying primary sequences of the various pseudoknots. Mutational analysis by introducing different combinations of nucleotide mutations into pseudoknot stems reproducibly confirmed the determinant role of pseudoknot on reinitiation using two different experimental systems. Together, these results provide the first example of coupled termination-reinitiation regulated by a simple pseudoknot stucture. These data expanded the understanding of coupled termination-reinitiation mechanism employed by RNA viruses and refined a new model for genus victorivirus, the largest genus in the family Totiviridae. The dual fluorescence system used in this study represented the first application of an efficient in vivo assay for recording low-frequency events in filamentous fungi.

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32

Aviles, Buleje Jean Pierre, and Ayasta Sergio Javier Carrión. "Estrategias de enseñanza de lengua materna para los estudiantes de Traducción e Interpretación Profesional de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633473.

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En la didáctica de la traducción se destaca la importancia de la enseñanza de lengua materna para la formación los estudiantes. Sin embargo, si bien los estudios se han enfocado en el contenido por desarrollar en los cursos, no se ha abordado la manera en que se enseña en el aula. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las estrategias de enseñanza de docentes de la línea curricular de Lengua Materna de un programa de traducción e interpretación para resolver problema de redacción de los estudiantes. Se recurrió a una metodología cualitativa exploratoria donde se entrevistó y se observó a los docentes de cuatro cursos de la línea curricular de Lengua Materna en sus sesiones de clase entre abril y mayo de 2019. En el estudio, se concluyó que los docentes utilizaban estrategias propias que generaban andamiaje y estrategias de enseñanza con una base constructivista durante sus clases. Además, se identificó que los problemas principales de manejo de lengua materna eran de producción textual, que se presentaron a nivel de argumentación y ortotipografía. Se espera que este estudio impulse investigaciones posteriores relacionadas a estrategias de enseñanza de la lengua materna en otros programas de traducción e interpretación.
The importance of mother tongue teaching for translation students is emphasized on translation student training studies. However, these studies have not addressed the way in which these contents are taught, although they have focused on the type of content for its courses. The aim of this study is to identify students' textual production problems and to explain the teaching strategies used by the mother tongue teachers of a Translation and Interpretation program. A qualitative exploratory methodology was used to interview the professors of four courses of the Mother Tongue curriculum line and do class observation in their respective class sessions between April and May of 2019. The study concluded that teachers their own teaching strategies which produced scaffolding as well as constructivist-based teaching strategies in their class sessions. In addition, argumentation and orthotypography in textual production were identified as the main problems regarding use of mother tongue. This study is expected to promote further research related to mother tongue teaching strategies in other translation and interpretation programs.
Trabajo de investigación

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33

Вэн, Л., and L. Ven. "Особенности перевода фразеологических единиц с китайского языка на русский : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/87649.

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Фразеологизм является итогом и плодом умов человечества в процессе их производительных деятельностей, их жизненных опытов. Он может образно и логично выражать идеи людей и глубокий смысл жизни. В связи с различием конструкций между китайскими и русскими фразеологическими единицами в диссертации придаётся большое значение разбору особенностей как смысловой, так и структурной (или формальной) конструкции обоих языков, что способствует правильному пониманию значений идиом и их точному переводу. Чтобы гарантировать как можно более точный перевод, нужно учитывать как культуру, историю, традицию, обычаи и нравы народа, владеющего данным языком перевода, так и стилистические и экспрессивные окраски самих языковых единиц и др. При сопоставлении и анализе формирования, происхождения, характера, сферы употребления, особенностей конструкций и значений китайских и русских ФЕ, а также с учетом опыта теории перевода, данная диссертация обобщила и подытожила правила перевода, обосновала наилучший, как нам представляется, метод перевода фразеологизмов с китайского языка на русский, что будет иметь большое значение как для создания теории по переводу фразеологизмов, так и для выработки навыков их перевода, и будет находить практическое применение в переводе как устной речи, так и литературных произведений. Работа состоит из введения, реферата, трёх глав, заключения и списка используемой литературы . Во введении кратко описывается актуальность выбранной темы, предметы исследования, методы исследования, теоретическая и практическая значимость и структура работы. Работа состоит из трёх глав. В первой главе изучается определение и классификация китайских и русских фразеологизмов. Во второй главе описываются сходства и различия между китайскими и русскими фразеологизмами. В третьей главе изучаются стратегические методики перевода китайских фразеологизмов на русский язык. В заключении обобщаются итоги проделанной работы, приводятся выводы.
Idioms is the result and fruit of human wisdom,which produced in the process of their productive activities and life experiences. It can figuratively and logically express the ideas of people and the deep meaning of life. Due to the difference in constructions between Chinese and Russian idioms, this dissertation is devoted to the analysis of the ideological and structural characteristics of the two languages, which promotes the correct understanding of the meaning of idioms and their accurate translation. In order to ensure the translation quality as much as possible, we must take into account both the culture, history, tradition, customs and mores of the people who speak the given language of translation, as well as the stylistic and expressive colors of the idioms, etc. When comparing and analyzing the formation, origin, nature, usage situation, structural features and meanings of Chinese and Russian idioms, and we also should take account of the experience of translation theory, this dissertation reviewed and summarized the translation rules, then chose what we think is the best method of translating idioms from Chinese language into Russian, which will be of great importance both for creating a theory for the translation of idioms, and for developing translation skills, we also made great efforts to find practical application in the translation of both oral speech and literary works. This paper consists of introduction, abstract, three chapters, conclusion and the reference lists. The introduction briefly describes the relevance of the chosen topic, research subjects, research methods, theoretical and practical significance and structure of the dissertation. Thesis text is divided into three parts. The first chapter studies the definition and classification of Chinese and Russian idioms. The second chapter describes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Russian idioms. The third chapter explores the strategic methods for translating Chinese idioms into Russian. In conclusion, the results of this dissertation are summarized, conclusions are given.

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Спаська, Г. А. "Засоби реалізації стратегії театральності в спічах американських політичних діячів в перекладі українською." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75285.

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Мета: виявлення мовних особливостей реалізації стратегії театральності в американському політичному дискурсі та вивчення аспектів їх передачі українською мовою. Теоретичне значення: робота дозволяє вивчити особливості збереження засобів реалізації стратегії театральності американського політичного дискурсу у гендерному аспекті під час перекладу українською, що є внеском у перекладознавство, враховуючи велику кількість жінок в американській політиці та зародження цього феномену в Україні. Всебічне дослідження стратегії театральності слугуватиме підґрунтям для наступних розвідок, теоретичних праць і узагальнень новітніх теоретичних положень у галузі перекладознавства.
Цель: выявление языковых особенностей реализации стратегии театральности в американском политическом дискурсе и изучение аспектов их передачи на украинском языке. Теоретическое значение: работа позволяет изучить особенности сохранения средств реализации стратегии театральности американского политического дискурса в гендерном аспекте при переводе украинской, что является вкладом в переводоведение, учитывая большое количество женщин в американской политике и зарождения этого феномена в Украине. Всестороннее исследование стратегии театральности служить основой для последующих исследований, теоретических работ и обобщений новейших теоретических положений в области переводоведения.
Goal: to identify the linguistic features of the theatrical strategy implementation in the American political discourse and to study the aspects of their realization in the Ukrainian translation. Theoretical meaning: The work allows to study the ways of preserving the means of theatrical strategy implementation in gender aspect via translation into Ukrainian, which is a contribution to translation studies. A comprehensive study of the theatrical strategy will serve as a basis for further theoretical works and the newest theoretical papers in the field of translation studies. The article analyzes means of theatrical strategy implementation the in the speeches of American politicians and ways of their rendering in Ukrainian translation. The main gender differences in the use of the theatrical strategy means are identified. The main focus is on the analysis of translation transformations aimed at preserving communicative and pragmatic effect of the source text. In addition, the paper outlined possible paradigms for the use of US politicians’ speeches to teach consecutive translation.

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Renaud, Alexandre. "Traduire pour aligner : une analyse par les pratiques de la conduite de projets de reconfigurations de systemes d’information." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090069/document.

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Un consensus général existe dans la recherche en Systèmes d’Information (SI) autour du concept et du modèle d’alignement stratégique (SAM) développé par Henderson et Venkatraman (1993). Celui-ci offre une norme technique et managériale pour un choix et une gestion optimale, puisque rationnelle, des SI. Paradoxalement, de nombreux projets de reconfigurations SI sont des échecs et entrainent les entreprises dans des trajectoires d’escalade d’engagement. A partir d’une lecture critique de la littérature construite sur les principes de la stratégie par les pratiques (SasP), nous cherchons à décrire les dynamiques organisationnelles à l’origine de la réussite ou de l’échec de ce type de projets. Une étude qualitative a été menée à travers quatre cas et une étude Delphi dans une approche de théorie enracinée. Ce corpus de données a fait l’objet d’un codage assisté par le logiciel NVivo. A travers la mobilisation de la théorie de la traduction, l’analyse des données a fait émerger une perspective alternative de celle défendue par la littérature traditionnelle. Une situation d’alignement est le résultat de la constitution d’un réseau de trois pôles parties prenantes aux projets, à savoir le pôle utilisateurs, le pôle managérial et le pôle technique. Ce réseau n’existe pas en soi, il est une construction collective liée à l’adhésion de ses membres sur la base de la satisfaction de leurs besoins respectifs à travers un processus de traduction. Nous ne parlons plus d’alignement stratégique, ni d’alignement des SI, mais d’alignement d’intérêts des parties prenantes autour d’un projet SI
In information systems (IS) research, there is a solid consensus in acknowledging Henderson’s & Vankatraman’s (1993) concept and model of strategy alignment. It provides a rational technical and managerial standard for optimal choice and management of SI. Paradoxically, many IS reconfigurations are failures and entail firms to go into an escalation of commitment. Based on a critical reading of the literature built on the principles of strategy as practice, (SasP), we seek to describe the organizational dynamics behind the success or failure of such projects. Through four cases and a Delphi study, a qualitative analysis was conducted using a Grounded Theory approach. This body of data underwent coding with the assistance of the software NVivo. Through the use of translation theory, data analysis has given rise to an alternative perspective to that advocated by the traditional literature. A state of alignment is the result of the establishment of a 3-pole project stakeholder network, i.e. the managerial pole, the users’ pole and the technical pole. This network does not exist in itself; it is linked to a collective adherence of its members on the basis of the satisfaction of their individual needs through a translation process. We no longer speak of strategic alignment or IS alignment, but of the stakeholders’ alignment of interests around an IS project

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Mapulanga, Patrick Makono. "Knowledge translation of health research findings at the University of Malawi and its relevance in health policy formulation in Malawi: a study in developing a communication and dissemination strategy to facilitate the use of health research evidence." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29810.

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Findings from health research ought to play a role in informing health policy formulation. Over the years much health research has been conducted both in developing and developed countries. However, little is known on how health research has informed health policy formulation. The study sought to review health research findings at the University of Malawi’s College of Medicine and Kamuzu College of Nursing and health policies of the Ministry of Health in Malawi, and based on the results, develop a communication and dissemination strategy as indicated by the study objectives. The study focused on exploring the extent of research use in policy formulation by evaluating sampled policies. It established from both researchers and policy makers their views regarding communication of research findings to policy makers, and how the two work together during conceptualisation, carrying out research and disseminating the findings. It sought to identify ways that the translation of research findings into policy formulation could be facilitated. The study is informed by the Knowledge Translation theoretical framework. It adopted the pragmatism philosophical paradigm which advocates for 'what works’. The convergent parallel mixed method strategy was used to gather both qualitative and quantitative data for the study. The population of the study comprised of researchers and academics at the University of Malawi, health research partners in Malawi and directors at the Ministry of Health in Malawi. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected through self-administered questionnaires (246 academics and researchers), semi-structured interviews (17 directors from the Ministry of Health and relevant research institutes), a self-administered self-assessment tool (10 purposively selected directors from the Ministry of Health and from research institutes) and a health policy assessment tool. Qualitative data was analysed through content analysis while quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for both descriptive and inferential analysis. The data were supplemented with a search strategy through Scopus. The findings revealed that health researchers rarely interact with policy makers. Health researchers prefer publishing in journals, attending conferences and informally interacting with policy and decision makers. Policy makers rely on the use of Internet, reviews of previous policies, internal evaluations, data from the national statistical office, registries and information centres at the ministries for policy information. However, the study revealed in designing the communication and dissemination strategy based on 'what works’, that researchers work in research groups while policy makers work in technical work groups. The interaction between researchers and policy makers in the technical working groups informs the transfer of health research into policy-making. The study makes contributions to theory, practice and policy formulation. In terms of contribution towards the KTA framework, the study examined forms of formal interaction that may result in the transfer of health research information into policy and practice. The study indicates that formal interaction in the technical expert groups is one of such interactions that would facilitate the use of health research evidence in policy formulation. In terms of practice, the study recommends that there should be deliberate efforts by researchers in the research groups and policy makers at the technical working groups to formally engage each other. In terms of policy formulation, the study recommends that a proper interaction framework needs to be put in place for formal interactions between health researchers working in their research work groups and policy makers in the technical working groups.

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Coussi, Olivier. "Management public territorial des projets d’investissements directs étrangers : une contribution à l’intelligence territoriale." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT4003.

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Prospecter, attirer, localiser et ancrer sur un territoire des projets d'investissements directs étrangers (IDE) est désormais un enjeu fort pour les responsables économiques et politiques. Les acteurs du management public (techniciens, élus, citoyens) s'interrogent alors sur le type de management et d'intelligence économique territoriale à mettre en œuvre en vue de faciliter l'ancrage de ces projets. La littérature sur ce sujet est riche de recherches sur les facteurs d'attractivité et les déterminants de la localisation mais a très peu été abordée sous l'angle des sciences de gestion. Afin de comprendre les raisons du succès ou de l'échec de l'implantation de tels projets, il est alors pertinent d'interroger le processus du management public territorial dans l'objectif de comprendre ce qui sous-tend la mise en œuvre et l'ancrage d'un projet d'IDE durant son cycle de vie. A partir d'études de cas qualitatives, nous étudions les liens entre le processus d'implantation d'un projet d'IDE et son inscription dans l'écosystème territorial pour i. un projet chinois en France dans le secteur des télécommunications et ii. un projet sud-coréen au Brésil dans le secteur des semi-conducteurs. Sur la base d'une étude initiale historique produite à l'aide de sources publiques primaires et secondaires ainsi que des entretiens de confirmation avec des parties prenantes impliquées, nous proposons des analyses secondaires au prisme de la sociologie de la traduction associée au cadre strategy as practice. En remettant en cause une vision classiquement linéaire du cycle de vie du projet et en identifiant les événements et pratiques managériales clés, nous comprenons ainsi mieux le processus et la manière dont les territoires font preuve, ou non, d'agilité stratégique. Les relations entre universités, entreprises et gouvernement sont aussi analysées en termes de soutien à l'attractivité territoriale. Considérer l'attraction des projets d'IDE du point de vue de collaborations fournit ainsi de nouvelles preuves empiriques et explications du phénomène. Nous pouvons alors proposer les implications managériales suivantes : i. l'utilisation d'une stratégie de triple hélice est un facteur attractif pour la localisation d'un investissement exogène, ii. l'université entrepreneuriale est un facteur attractif lors de la localisation d'un investissement exogène et iii. les politiques publiques contemporaines doivent être impliquées dans des réseaux complexes avec la communauté pour réussir à localiser et à ancrer un investissement exogène
Prospecting, attracting, locating and anchoring foreign direct investment (FDI) projects in a country is now a major challenge for economic and political leaders. Public management actors (technicians, elected officials, citizens) then question themselves on the type of management and territorial economic intelligence to be implemented in order to facilitate the anchoring of these projects. The literature on this subject is rich in research on attractiveness factors and the determinants of location but has been very little addressed from the perspective of management sciences. In order to understand the reasons for the success or failure of the implementation of such projects, it is then relevant to question the process of territorial public management in order to understand what underlies the implementation and anchoring of an FDI project during its life cycle. Based on qualitative case studies, we study the links between the process of implementing an FDI project and its inclusion in the territorial ecosystem for i. a Chinese project in France in the telecommunications sector and ii. a South Korean project in Brazil in the semi-conductor sector. On the basis of an initial historical study produced using primary and secondary public sources as well as confirmatory interviews with involved stakeholders, we propose secondary analyses from the perspective of translation sociology associated with the "strategy as practice" framework. By challenging a traditionally linear view of the project life cycle and identifying key managerial events and practices, we better understand the process and how territories demonstrate, or not, strategic agility. Relations between universities, companies and government are also analysed in terms of supporting territorial attractiveness. Considering the attractiveness of FDI projects from a collaborative perspective thus provides new empirical evidence and explanations of the phenomenon. We can then propose the following managerial implications: i. the use of a triple helix strategy is an attractive factor for the location of an exogenous investment, ii. the entrepreneurial university is an attractive factor when locating an exogenous investment and iii. contemporary public policies must be involved in complex networks with the community to successfully locate and anchor an exogenous investment

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Телевний, А. О. "Стратегія дискредитації американських політиків: особливості її відтворення у перекладі." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75943.

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У цій науковій розвідці уточнюється ключове для цього дослідження поняття – дискурс, а також один із його підвидів – політичний дискурс. Основний фокус уваги зосереджується на стратегії дискредитації опонента та мовленнєвому акті. Мовленнєві акти образи, звинувачення, глузування, навішування ярликів і погрози нині дуже часто зустрічаються у процесі політичних дебатів. Їх можна ще назвати мовленнєвими актами агресії, які відносяться до стратегії дискредитації. Кожна стратегія реалізується завдяки лінгвальним засобам мовця. Проаналізувавши висловлювання політиків ми дійшли висновку, що при перекладі стратегії дискредитації опонента було використано лексичні перекладацькі трансформації, а саме: еквівалентний переклад, конкретизацію, генералізацію, прийом опущення та прийом лексичного додавання. А також граматичні перекладацькі трансформації, а саме: перестановка, заміна, членування речення та об’єднання речень. Дипломна робота завершується комплексом різноаспектних вправ, які навчають усному та письмовому перекладу політичної лексики взагалі та стратегії дискредитації зокрема.
В этой научной разведке уточняется ключевое для данного исследования понятие – дискурс, а также один из его подвидов – политический дискурс. Основной фокус внимания сосредотачивается на стратегии дискредитации оппонента и речевом акте. Речевые акты оскорбления, обвинения, насмешки, навешивание ярлыков и угрозы сейчас очень часто встречаются в процессе политических дебатов. Их можно еще назвать речевыми актами агрессии, которые относятся к стратегии дискредитации. Каждая стратегия реализуется благодаря лингвальным средствам говорящего. Проанализировав высказывания политиков, мы пришли к выводу, что при переводе стратегии дискредитации оппонента были использованы лексические переводческие трансформации, а именно: эквивалентный перевод, конкретизацию, генерализацию, прием опущения и прием лексического добавления. А также грамматические переводческие трансформации, а именно: перестановка, замена, членение предложения и объединения предложений. Дипломная работа завершается комплексом разноаспектных упражнений, которые учат устному и письменному переводу политической лексики вообще и стратегии дискредитации в частности.
This scientific work clarifies the key concept of this study – discourse, as well as one of its subspecies – political discourse. The main focus of attention is focused on the strategies of discrediting the opponent and the speech act. Speech acts of insult, accusations, ridicule, labeling and threats are now very common in the process of political debates. They can also be called speech acts of aggression, which relate to the discrediting strategy. Each strategy is realized thanks to the linguistic means of the speaker. After analyzing the statements of politicians, we came to the conclusion that during the translation of the opponent’s discrediting strategy the next lexical translation transformations were used, namely: equivalent translation, concretization, generalization, omission, and addition. As well as grammatical translation transformations, namely: rearrangement, replacement, division of sentences and combining sentences. The thesis ends with a set of diverse exercises that teach the interpretation and translation of political vocabulary in general and discrediting strategies in particular.

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Souza, Thiago Roozevelt de. "A tradução de práticas estratégicas por seus praticantes : estudo de casos múltiplos em consultorias sergipanas." Pós-graduação em Administração, 2016. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/8060.

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The translation of strategic organizational practices by practitioners occurs from the moment that an idea of external origin is interpreted by agents from an organization and applied in a different context than one originated. Understanding that the convergence of a microrrelacional approach to strategy (Strategy-as-Practice) with a macrocontextual strategic approach (Institutional Theory) is possible, this study aims to understand how the translation of certain strategic practices by practitioners occurs, through a case study in three consultancies at the state of Sergipe. The research is qualitative, and the type is descriptive and exploratory. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key informants of the studied organizations, in addition to document analysis and non-participant observation. Then, these data were triangulated in order to improve the data analysis, which were performed by a content analysis. The results reveal that in two researched companies, the translation occurs by broadcasting mode and also by a chain mode, due to the use of technology extracted directly from the supplier, but also pass the scrutiny of other companies, while in a third researched company, translation is mediated by other actors and organizations, from the performance of a specific person.
A tradução de práticas estratégicas da organização pelos praticantes ocorre a partir do momento que uma ideia de origem externa é interpretada pelos agentes de uma organização e aplicada em um contexto diferente daquele que foi originado. Entendendo que é possível a convergência de uma abordagem microrrelacional da estratégia (Estratégia como Prática Social) com uma abordagem estratégica macrocontextual (Teoria Institucional), o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender como ocorre a tradução de práticas estratégicas pelos praticantes, a partir do estudo de caso em três consultorias do estado de Sergipe. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, do tipo descritiva e exploratória. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os informantes-chave das organizações pesquisadas, além da análise documental e observação nãoparticipante. Em seguida, esses dados foram triangulados com o intuito de conferir mais robustez à análise, realizada por meio de uma análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que em duas empresas pesquisadas, a tradução ocorre por transmissão e também por corrente, devido ao uso de tecnologias extraídas diretamente do fornecedor, mas que também passam pelo crivo de outras empresas, enquanto na terceira empresa pesquisada, a tradução é mediada por outros atores e organizações, a partir da atuação de uma pessoa específica.
São Cristóvão, SE

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Zhang, Jing. "Stratégie de la traduction, problème du style, analyses de la réception d’À la Recherche du temps perdu en Chine"." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0023.

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Ce travail s’attachera au questionnement, le comment des stratégies de la traduction littéraire moderne face au style de l’œuvre de Proust ainsi qu’à l’analyse des raisons des choix des traducteurs et des différents effets qu’elles produisent. L’examen du développement de la traduction et de la réception de Proust en Chine permet d’apercevoir les interactions actives entre la traduction de Proust et les contextes multidimensionnels en mouvance en Chine, ainsi que les impacts réciproques des activités de traduction sur les études proustiennes et les créations littéraires chinoises. En comparant systématiquement l’original d’À la Recherche du temps perdu avec ses deux retraductions en langue chinoise argumentées de leurs traitements du style, la thèse tente de mettre à jour certaines modalités propres à la traduction du style de Proust. L’exploitation des stratégies de traduction s’effectuera surtout par le biais de méthodes statistiques et de l’approche proposée par la traductologie de corpus, encore peu appliquées à l’étude de la traduction de Proust mais ayant fait leur preuves quant à leur capacité à fournir des renseignements bien précis sur la structure lexicale et phrastique des deux retraductions en chinois. Grâce à une lecture trans-culturelle de la sociologie et de la linguistique, on découvre que les stratégies choisies pour la traduction du style peut être conduites dans un cas particulier comme celui de Proust jugé intransposable jusqu’à quel degré trans-culturelle. En espérant que les valeurs culturelles et linguistiques révélées seraient source d’enrichissement dans l’étude de la traduction du style, la thèse cherchera à créer plus de points d’entrées concernant ce sujet
This thesis aims at investigating the strategies of literary translation applied to the style of Proust's work, as well as at analyzing the potential reasons for the translation choices and their respective consequences. Through reviewing the translation and reception of Proust's literature in China, we are able to uncover the reciprocal interactions between the translation of Proust's work and the dynamic and multidimensional Chinese environment. It further reveals the interactive impact among the translation of Proust's literature, the studies of Proust’s literary concept and the Chinese literary creations. Systematically comparing the French original text of “In Search of Lost Time” with two Chinese translations, this thesis highlights the distinctive translation choices for the literary style and offers an original methodology to investigate the notion of style in translation. Taking advantage of multiple recently developed statistical methods and corpus-based translation approaches, we are capable to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the structure of the vocabulary and the syntax in the two Chinese versions. In terms of cross-cultural studies in sociology and linguistics, we are able to detect various attitudes achieved through different translation styles, especially as regards Proust’s so-called “untranslatable” work. The cultural and linguistic values described here can probably enrich the studies and methodologies used to translate literary style

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Абдуллаєва, А. Ф. "Актуальні питання теорії та практики художнього перекладу." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81112.

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Захищено англійською мовою
Мета: вивчення актуальних підходів до теорії та практики художнього перекладу, їх застосування у практичній діяльності перекладачів художніх текстів та навчання таким прийомам здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Переклад». Наукова проблема: на сьогодні спостерігається бурхливий розвиток перекладознавчої науки, пов’язаний з процесами глобалізації, активного розвитку міжкультурних зв’язків та діалогу культур в різних сферах діяльності людини. З огляду на це теорія та практика перекладу постійно стикається з новими проблемами й викликами та потребує актуалізації відповідно до сучасних реалій та вимог. Методологія дослідження: включає описовий та порівняльний методи, які використовувалися у ході теоретичного осмислення предмета дослідження; метод кількісного аналізу, контекстуальний аналіз та елементи компонентного аналізу, а також перекладацький аналіз, які застосовані у ході практичного дослідження питання культурологічного підходу до перекладу художніх текстів; а також метод моделювання, використаний у ході розробки вправ для навчання художньому перекладу студентів-перекладачів. Основні результати і висновки дослідження: Художнім текстам притаманні образність, естетика мовлення, експресія, зображувальність, відсутність регламентування вживання мовних засобів і способів їх поєднання, відсутність будь-якого нормування мови, суб’єктивізм відображення подій та реалій життя, фантазія як основа створення образів та відображення явищ дійсності. Переклад художнього тексту – це складний і багатогранний вид людської діяльності та творчості. Це не просто переклад творів художньої літератури та художніх текстів, однак також і трансформація тексту оригіналу засобами іншої мови, і взаємодія та взаємовплив двох культур – вихідної та цільової, до яких належать оригінальний текст та текст перекладу. На сьогодні актуальними напрямками дослідження перекладу художніх текстів стають питання використання принципів адекватності та еквівалентності художнього перекладу, а також явище «культурного перевороту» у сфері художнього перекладу, яке передбачає використання стратегій доместикації та форенізації культурно-маркованих елементів художнього тексту. У роботі здійснено аналіз перекладу англомовного художнього твору, який містить культурно-специфічну інформацію, який показав, що досить часто перекладач не справляється з відтворенням такої інформації у перекладі. Причинами невмотивованості замін при перекладі культурно-специфічних реалій та лакун, а також неправильного вибору перекладацької стратегії може бути недостатній рівень фонових знань перекладача, брак ефективних перекладацьких підходів до передачі культурних елементів тощо. У роботі досліджені методичні передумови, принципи та особливості навчання перекладу студентів ЗВО. Розглянуті основні етапи та складові навчання художнього перекладу, а також на основі цих даних розроблені вправи для навчання усного та письмового художнього перекладу майбутніх перекладачів. Теоретичне значення: систематизація теоретичних знань про художній стиль англійської мови та актуальні напрямки розвитку художнього перекладу; узагальнення методичних передумови навчання художньому перекладу студентів-перекладачів
Цель: изучение актуальных подходов к теории и практике художественного перевода, их применение в практической деятельности переводчиков художественных текстов и обучении таким приемам соискателей высшего образования по специальности «Перевод». Научная проблема: сегодня наблюдается бурное развитие переводческой науки, связанное с процессами глобализации, активного развития межкультурных связей и диалога культур в различных сферах деятельности человека. Учитывая это, теория и практика перевода постоянно сталкивается с новыми проблемами и вызовами и требует актуализации в соответствии с современными реалиями и требованиями. Методология исследования: включает описательный и сравнительный методы, которые использовались в ходе теоретического осмысления предмета исследования; метод количественного анализа, контекстуальный анализ и элементы компонентного анализа, а также переводческий анализ применены в ходе практического исследования вопроса культурологического подхода к переводу художественных текстов; метод моделирования использован в ходе разработки упражнений для обучения художественному переводу студентов-переводчиков. Основные результаты и выводы исследования: Художественным текстам присущи образность, эстетика речи, экспрессия, изобразительность, отсутствие регламентирования употребления языковых средств и способов их сочетания, отсутствие любого нормирования языка, субъективизм отображения событий и реалий жизни, фантазия как основа создания образов и отражение явлений действительности. Перевод художественного текста – это сложный и многогранный вид человеческой деятельности и творчества. Это не просто перевод произведений художественной литературы и художественных текстов, однако также и трансформация текста оригинала средствами другого языка, и взаимодействие и взаимовлияние двух культур – исходной и целевой, к которым относятся оригинальный текст и текст перевода. На сегодня актуальным направлениям исследования перевода художественных текстов становятся вопросы использования принципов адекватности и эквивалентности художественного перевода, а также явление «культурного переворота» в сфере художественного перевода, который предусматривает использование стратегий доместикации и форенизации культурно-маркированных элементов художественного текста. В работе проведен анализ перевода англоязычного художественного произведения, содержащий культурно-специфическую информацию, который показал, что достаточно часто переводчик не справляется с воспроизведением такой информации в переводе. Причинами немотивированности замен при переводе культурно-специфических реалий и лакун, а также неправильного выбора переводческой стратегии может быть недостаточный уровень фоновых знаний переводчика, отсутствие эффективных переводческих подходов к передаче культурных элементов и т. п. В работе исследованы методические предпосылки, принципы и особенности обучения переводу студентов ВУЗов. Рассмотрены основные этапы и составляющие обучения художественного перевода, а также на основе этих данных разработаны упражнения для обучения устной и письменной художественного перевода будущих переводчиков. Теоретическое значение: систематизация теоретических знаний о художественном стиле английского языка и актуальные направления развития художественного перевода; обобщение методических предпосылок обучения художественному переводу студентов-переводчиков.
Goal: studying of the current approaches to the theory and practice of literary translation, their application in the practical activities of translators of literary texts and teaching such techniques to the students in the course of translation studies. Scientific problem: Nowadays there is a rapid development of translation science associated with the processes of globalization, the active development of intercultural relations and dialogue of cultures in various spheres of human activity. Taking this into account, the theory and practice of translation is constantly faced with new problems and challenges and requires updating in accordance with modern realities and requirements. Research methodology: includes descriptive and comparative methods that were used in the course of theoretical understanding of the research subject; the method of quantitative analysis, contextual analysis and elements of component analysis, as well as translation analysis were applied in the course of practical research on the issue of a cultural approach to the translation of literary texts; the modeling method was used during the development of exercises for teaching literary translation to translation students. The main results and conclusions of the research: Artistic texts are characterized by imagery, aesthetics of speech, expression, depiction, the absence of regulation of the use of linguistic means and methods of their combination, the absence of any standardization of language, the subjectivity of displaying events and realities of life, fantasy as the basis for creating images and reflecting the phenomena of reality. Translation of a literary text is a complex and multifaceted type of human activity and creativity. This is not just a translation of works of fiction and literary texts, but also the transformation of the original text by means of another language, and the interaction and mutual influence of two cultures – source and target, which include the original text and the translated text. Nowadays, the issues of using the principles of adequacy and equivalence of literary translation, as well as the phenomenon of “cultural revolution” in the field of literary translation, which involves the use of strategies for domestication and forenization of culturally marked elements of literary text, are becoming topical areas of research into the translation of literary texts. The paper analyzes the translation of an English-language literary work, containing culturally specific information, which showed that quite often the translator cannot cope with the reproduction of such information in translation. The reasons for the wrong choice of translation strategy may be an insufficient level of background knowledge of the translator, the lack of effective translation approaches to the transfer of cultural elements, etc. The methodological principles and features of teaching translation university students. The main stages and components of literary translation training are considered, and on the basis of these data, exercises have been developed for teaching interpretation and literary translation of future translators. Theoretical meaning: systematization of theoretical knowledge on the literary style of the English language and current trends in the development of literary translation; generalization of the methodological prerequisites for teaching literary translation to student translators.

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Olsson, Chloé. "La Traduction des Noms Propres Français : Les noms propres dans les textes socipolitiques et le risque d'incompréhension du lecteur suédois." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66874.

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When a translator gets a new mission, even though he or she has a lot of experience in the subject, there are great responsibilities when it comes to the exactitude of the information in the translation. The translator can be responsible that the reader miscomprehends the text if the translation is perceived as strange in the target culture. Proper names are very close to cultural differences and, as such, are quite problematic to translate. What the translator can do in order to avoid these problems is to apply a translation strategy during his work. This study has the aim to find an adequate strategy to the translation of proper names in French socio-political texts. In order to analyse different proper names and apply a method, we had to translate a socio-political text into Swedish, more specifically a part of a political text written by Denis Pelletier in 2005 called “L’école, l’Europe, les corps: la laïcité et le voile” which is about the banning for young girls to wear the Islamic veil in French schools. The study highlighted two matters. First, is there a specific strategy that can be applied to French proper names when they are translated into Swedish that are not well known to a Swedish reader? Second, are there any complications to solve in proper names that are related to cultural differences between the source language and the target language? In order to answer these questions we chose to use the theories of Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet presented by Jeremy Munday in Introducing Translation Studies. Theories and Application (2012) that helped us when certain translations of proper names were complicated and it helped us justify changes in the translation. The work on proper names by Peter Newmark presented in A Textbook of Translation (1988) helped us to identify six categories of proper names precisely; toponyms, names of ministries, institutional names, names of public bodies, anthroponyms and names of political parties. While analysing the result we found that the different solutions proposed by Newmark were not applied to each translation of proper names. In addition, the most frequently used translation method was the procedure of couplets.

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Ådin, Hanna. "Goggle-Eyes : en främmandegörande barnboksöversättning utifrån Bermans negativa analysverktyg." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-149144.

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Denna magisteruppsats är baserad på översättningen av de två första kapitlen i ungdomsboken Goggle-Eyes (1989) av den brittiska författaren Anne Fine. Uppsatsen undersöker effekterna av en främmandegörande översättningsstrategi med utgångspunkt i Antoine Bermans negativa analysverktyg och med avseende på undvikandet av förlust av ikoniska och klangfulla ord och förlust av uttryck och idiom inklusive namn. Analysen visar att det i många fall är möjligt att bevara ikoniska och klangfulla ord vid översättningen, utan att effekten på måltexten blir främmandegörande, medan bevarandet av uttryck och namn i flera fall kräver förtydliganden för att måltexten ska bli begriplig för målgruppen.
The present study is based on the translation of the first two chapters of Goggle-Eyes, a novel for young teenagers by the british author Anne Fine. The study examines the effects of a foreignizing translation strategy based on Antoine Berman’s negative analytics, concerning avoidance of the loss of sonorous and iconic terms and expressions and idioms. The analysis suggests that in many cases it is possible to keep sonorous and iconic terms in translation without creating a foreignizing effect that could make reading difficult for young readers. However, the keeping of expressions and idioms in many cases calls for clarification in order to create a target text that is understandable for the target group.

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Monazzam, Azita. "Multicellular Tumour Spheroids in a Translational PET Imaging Strategy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8196.

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Grandien, Christina. "Strategic Communication Found in Translation : Practices, Practitioners and Perceptions." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28573.

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This dissertation seeks to explore how institutional, organizational and individual factors influence the development of strategic communication. The dissertationillustrates how new institutional theory can be applied to address the development of strategic communication as a process that is produced on different interrelated institutional levels. It also shows that multiple levels need to be addressed in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of strategic communication. Further, it describes how the development of strategic communication is restricted and enabled by societal and organizational discourse in processes that are not always controlled by communication professionals. The dissertation also explores howpopular ideas or successful recipes for strategic communication are spread between organizations in the same field, but are adjusted or translated in order to fit organizational preconditions. The results also highlighthow professionalism is understood differently by communication practitioners depending on the organizational sector they work in and how the institutional embeddedness of communication practitioners influences the ways in which practitioners commit to their occupation.Moreover, it suggests that the inhabited and perceived moral taint that is associated with communication practitioners shapes the professional discourse and hampers the development of a shared occupational identity. Finally, it is suggestedthat knowledge about the development of strategic communication can be found in the translations and local adaptions of new ideas and practices. Insights about the institutionalization of strategic communication might not only be found in realized structures and routines, but in micro changes that happen as the result of local circumstances.

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 2 under utgivning, delarbete 3 under utgivning, delarbete 4 inskickat, delarbete 5 accepterat.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 2 in press, paper 3 in press, paper 4 submitted, paper 5 accepted.

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Azab, Lamiss. "Le traducteur en tant que médiateur culturel - L'exemple de Rifâ'a Al-Tahtâwî (1801-1873)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA007.

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Malgré l’ancrage de la médiation et de la médiation culturelle en traductologie surtout depuis le Tournant Culturel, il manque encore à ces notions une définition traductologique arrêtée. Partant des apports provenant de différents domaines – notamment la communication culturelle – et prenant appui sur une théorie causale de la traduction, nous proposons une réflexion en trois temps sur le traducteur comme médiateur culturel et sur ses interventions délibérées, dans une approche identitaire, textuelle et fonctionnaliste. Nous sondons la particularité de la construction identitaire du traducteur, acteur marqué par sa formation linguistique et par ses normes socioculturelles d’origine, mais très empathique envers l’Autre et son système normatif. Dans ce premier volet, les stratégies traductives sont étudiées en miroir des stratégies identitaires déployées par le traducteur pour préserver cohérence et valorisation de sa construction identitaire. Ensuite, nous considérons le texte et le type de texte à traduire comme des créations culturelles que le traducteur re-présente à sa communauté, en lui rendant la différence abordable aux niveaux formel, lexical et discursif. Pour ce faire, il déploie une panoplie de stratégies traductives variant de la norme rédactionnelle la plus conformisante à la plus différenciatrice. Dans ce deuxième volet, la préface du traducteur est étudiée comme un lieu de médiation directe, pour informer et recommander la lecture. Enfin, nous analysons deux finalités traductives par lesquelles le traducteur agit sur l’identité culturelle de sa communauté par le biais de sa re-présentation : la formation intellectuelle et la déconstruction/re-construction identitaire. Que ce soit à travers de simples textes ou des institutions à caractère éducatif, l’objectif premier du traducteur est d’informer le lecteur et, par cette information, il agit sur la re-définition de fondements essentiels de sa construction identitaire
Though mediation and cultural mediation seem to be enrooted in Translation Studies especially since the Cultural Turn, a specialized definition of these notions is still missing. Based on their definitions in other different domains – especially cultural communication – and on a causal theory of translation, we present a three-fold thesis on the translator as a cultural mediator and on his deliberate interventions. The three axes we develop here are based on identity, textual and functionalist approaches. First, we analyze the specificity of the identity of the translator seen as a construction that is not only marked by the linguistic formation and the sociocultural norms of his original community, but also by the actor’s empathy towards the Other and his system of norms. In this first fold, translation strategies are studied as mirrors of identity strategies the translator follows in order to keep the coherence and the valorization of his identity construction. Then, the texts and types of texts are considered as cultural creations that the translator re-presents to his community through making cultural differences understandable on the formal, lexical and discourse levels. To do so, he uses different writing norms from the most conforming to the most differentiating one. In this second fold, the translator’s preface is seen as a privileged place for a direct mediation, in which he already informs his reader about the translation he’s about to read and recommends the reading. Finally, we study two translation functions through which the translator acts on the cultural identity of his community based on his re-presentation of the text: the intellectual formation of the reader and the de-construction/ re-construction of his identity. By the means of a simple text or of an educational institution, the translator’s first aim is to inform the reader, and through this information, he acts on the re-definition of essential foundations of his identity construction

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Нехаєнко, Є. В. "Особливості застосування та перекладу наративу від обмеженої третьої особи (на прикладі творчості Джорджа Орвелла та Ернеста Хемінгуея)." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86900.

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Сучасна англомовна художня література – невичерпне джерело для лінгвістичних та перекладацьких досліджень. Проте ця її характеристика, на превеликий жаль, зіграла з нею злий жарт, адже багато її аспектів залишаються нерозглянутими науковцями. Часто вибір тієї чи іншої лексичної структури визначають не лише семантичні межі висловлювання наратора, а також його точку зору, що є важливим та несправедливо недооціненим сучасними дослідниками лексико-синтаксичним явищем, яке набуває особливої цінності, якщо розглядати його під призмою перекладознавства.
Современная англоязычная художественная литература – неисчерпаемый источник для лингвистических и переводческих исследований. Однако эта ее характеристика, к большому сожалению, сыграла с ней злую шутку, ведь многие ее аспекты остаются нерассмотренными учеными. Часто выбор той или иной лексической структуры определяют не только семантические границы выражения наратора, а также его точку зрения, что является важным и несправедливо недооцененным современными исследователями лексико-синтаксическим явлением, приобретающим особую ценность, если рассматривать его под призмой переводоведения.
Contemporary English fiction is an inexhaustible source for linguistic and translation research. However, this characteristic played a cruel joke on her, because many of its aspects remain unconsidered by scientists. Often, the choice of a particular lexical structure is determined not only by the semantic boundaries of the narrator's expression but also by his point of view. And it is an important and unjustly underestimated lexical and syntactic phenomenon by modern researchers, acquiring special value if viewed under the prism of translation studies.

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48

Turner, Bethany, and n/a. "Strategic translations: the Zapatistas from silence to dignity." University of Canberra. Creative Communication, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20051123.144212.

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Abstract:

This thesis demonstrates that the discursive strategies that characterise the political struggle of the Zapatista (EZLN) movement are produced in response to the political and economic realities of Mexico and the southeastern state of Chiapas. The EZLN�s intentionally ambiguous discourse of dignity epitomises these strategies. By deploying various incarnations of dignity to counter the Mexican Government�s strategic political manoeuvres, the EZLN destabilises the political, economic and social hegemonies of the nation. This destabilisation creates a space for the EZLN to suggest the possibility of an alternative political logic to the Mexican populace. However, the marginalised social location and ethnic diversity of the movement�s indigenous constituents impedes their ability to effect significant political change. This impediment is overcome when they coalesce around the politically advantageous subjectivity of indigenous Zapatistas and engage with the mestizo Subcomandante Marcos to produce the EZLN. The movement enacts a progressive coalitional politics that articulates radical political alternatives for Mexico through the strategic practice of translation. Thus, translation is posited as a powerful political practice for marginalised groups engaged in resistance struggles in the contemporary global conditions.

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49

Schlosser, Francine. "The Market-oriented Contribution of Individuals: Translating Strategy into Action." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, 2004. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/fkschlos2004.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--University of Waterloo, 2004.
"A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management Sciences". Includes bibliographical references.

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50

Nová, Jana. "Návrh strategie konkrétní jazykové školy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9104.

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The diploma thesis deals with analysis of the language school's (Bonna Lingua) position in the region of Ústí nad Labem city. This work analysis the position of the company to its surroundings and also examines in detail the internal processes. It also suggests possibilities which may lead to an improved position.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Translation strategy'

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