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Journal articles on the topic 'Translational silencing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Sampath, Prabha, Barsanjit Mazumder, Vasudevan Seshadri, and Paul L. Fox. "Transcript-Selective Translational Silencing by Gamma Interferon Is Directed by a Novel Structural Element in the Ceruloplasmin mRNA 3′ Untranslated Region." Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, no. 5 (2003): 1509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.5.1509-1519.2003.

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ABSTRACT Transcript-selective translational control of eukaryotic gene expression is often directed by a structural element in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the mRNA. In the case of ceruloplasmin (Cp), induced synthesis of the protein by gamma interferon (IFN-γ) in U937 monocytic cells is halted by a delayed translational silencing mechanism requiring the binding of a cytosolic inhibitor to the Cp 3′-UTR. Silencing requires the essential elements of mRNA circularization, i.e., eukaryotic initiation factor 4G, poly(A)-binding protein, and poly(A) tail. We here determined the minimal si

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2

Baez, María Verónica, Luciana Luchelli, Darío Maschi, et al. "Smaug1 mRNA-silencing foci respond to NMDA and modulate synapse formation." Journal of Cell Biology 195, no. 7 (2011): 1141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201108159.

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Mammalian Smaug1/Samd4A is a translational repressor. Here we show that Smaug1 forms mRNA-silencing foci located at postsynapses of hippocampal neurons. These structures, which we have named S-foci, are distinct from P-bodies, stress granules, or other neuronal RNA granules hitherto described, and are the first described mRNA-silencing foci specific to neurons. RNA binding was not required for aggregation, which indicates that S-foci formation is not a consequence of mRNA silencing. N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor stimulation provoked a rapid and reversible disassembly of S-foci, tran

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Mazumder, Barsanjit, Vasudevan Seshadri, Hiroaki Imataka, Nahum Sonenberg, and Paul L. Fox. "Translational Silencing of Ceruloplasmin Requires the Essential Elements of mRNA Circularization: Poly(A) Tail, Poly(A)-Binding Protein, and Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 19 (2001): 6440–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.19.6440-6449.2001.

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ABSTRACT Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a glycoprotein secreted by the liver and monocytic cells and probably plays roles in inflammation and iron metabolism. We showed previously that gamma interferon (IFN-γ) induced Cp synthesis by human U937 monocytic cells but that the synthesis was subsequently halted by a transcript-specific translational silencing mechanism involving the binding of a cytosolic factor(s) to the Cp mRNA 3′ untranslated region (UTR). To investigate how protein interactions at the Cp 3′-UTR inhibit translation initiation at the distant 5′ end, we considered the “closed-loop” model o

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Chapat, Clément, Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad, Edna Matta-Camacho, et al. "Cap-binding protein 4EHP effects translation silencing by microRNAs." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 21 (2017): 5425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701488114.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in a broad variety of biological processes by inhibiting translation initiation and by destabilizing target mRNAs. The CCR4–NOT complex effects miRNA-mediated silencing, at least in part through interactions with 4E-T (eIF4E transporter) protein, but the precise mechanism is unknown. Here we show that the cap-binding eIF4E-homologous protein 4EHP is an integral component of the miRNA-mediated silencing machinery. We demonstrate that the cap-binding activity of 4EHP contributes to the translational silencing by miRNAs through the CCR4–NOT complex. Our resu

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Vyas, Keyur, Sujan Chaudhuri, Douglas W. Leaman, et al. "Genome-Wide Polysome Profiling Reveals an Inflammation-Responsive Posttranscriptional Operon in Gamma Interferon-Activated Monocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 2 (2008): 458–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00824-08.

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ABSTRACT We previously showed that ribosomal protein L13a is required for translational silencing of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-induced ceruloplasmin (Cp) synthesis in monocytes. This silencing also requires the presence of the GAIT (IFN-gamma activated inhibitor of translation) element in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of Cp mRNA. Considering that Cp is an inflammatory protein, we hypothesized that this mechanism may have evolved to silence a family of proinflammatory proteins, of which Cp is just one member. To identify the other mRNAs that are targets for this silencing, we performed a geno

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Huarte, Joaquin, André Stutz, Marcia L. O'Connell, et al. "Transient translational silencing by reversible mRNA deadenylation." Cell 69, no. 6 (1992): 1021–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(92)90620-r.

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7

Nair, Asha P. K., Hans H. Hirsch, Marco Colombi, and Christoph Moroni. "Cyclosporin A Promotes Translational Silencing of Autocrine Interleukin-3 via Ribosome-Associated Deadenylation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 1 (1999): 889–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.1.889.

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ABSTRACT Translation is regulated predominantly by an interplay betweencis elements at the 3′ and 5′ ends of mRNAs andtrans-acting proteins. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a calcineurin antagonist and blocker of interleukin-2 (IL-2) transcription in T cells, was found to inhibit translation of IL-3 mRNA in autocrine mast cell tumor lines. The mechanism involved ribosome-associated poly(A) shortening and required an intact AU-rich element in the 3′ untranslated region. FK506, another calcineurin inhibitor, shared the effect. The translational inhibition by CsA was specific to oncogenically induced lympho

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Stutz, A., J. Huarte, P. Gubler, B. Conne, D. Belin, and J. D. Vassalli. "In vivo antisense oligodeoxynucleotide mapping reveals masked regulatory elements in an mRNA dormant in mouse oocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 4 (1997): 1759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.4.1759.

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In mouse oocytes, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) mRNA is under translational control. The newly transcribed mRNA undergoes deadenylation and translational silencing in growing oocytes, while readenylation and translation occur during meiotic maturation. To localize regulatory elements controlling tPA mRNA expression, we identified regions of the endogenous transcript protected from hybridization with injected antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Most of the targeted sequences in either the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), coding region, or 3'UTR were accessible to hybridization, as reveale

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9

Zekri, Latifa, Eric Huntzinger, Susanne Heimstädt, and Elisa Izaurralde. "The Silencing Domain of GW182 Interacts with PABPC1 To Promote Translational Repression and Degradation of MicroRNA Targets and Is Required for Target Release." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 23 (2009): 6220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01081-09.

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ABSTRACT GW182 family proteins are essential in animal cells for microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing, yet the molecular mechanism that allows GW182 to promote translational repression and mRNA decay remains largely unknown. Previous studies showed that while the GW182 N-terminal domain interacts with Argonaute proteins, translational repression and degradation of miRNA targets are promoted by a bipartite silencing domain comprising the GW182 middle and C-terminal regions. Here we show that the GW182 C-terminal region is required for GW182 to release silenced mRNPs; moreover, GW182 dissoci

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Ostareck-Lederer, Antje, Dirk H. Ostareck, Christophe Cans, et al. "c-Src-Mediated Phosphorylation of hnRNP K Drives Translational Activation of Specifically Silenced mRNAs." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 13 (2002): 4535–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.13.4535-4543.2002.

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ABSTRACT hnRNPK and hnRNP E1/E2 mediate translational silencing of cellular and viral mRNAs in a differentiation-dependent way by binding to specific regulatory sequences. The translation of 15-lipoxygenase (LOX) mRNA in erythroid precursor cells and of the L2 mRNA of human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV-16) in squamous epithelial cells is silenced when either of these cells is immature and is activated in maturing cells by unknown mechanisms. Here we address the question of how the silenced mRNA can be translationally activated. We show that hnRNP K and the c-Src kinase specifically interact wi

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11

Meister, Gunter. "miRNAs Get an Early Start on Translational Silencing." Cell 131, no. 1 (2007): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.021.

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12

Geck, P., V. Denes, M. Pilichowska, A. Makarovskiy, and G. A. Carpinito. "Translational disequilibrium as an interference marker to study miRNA and methylation silencing of APRIN, a stem cell regulator in breast cancer microchimerism." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 11109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.11109.

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11109 Background: Gene silencing is universally observed in cancer and involves promoter DNA methylation. We found that a cohesin-related stem cell regulator, APRIN (Pds5B) was silenced in breast cancer clinical samples. Surprisingly, in 40% of these samples DNA methylation was not involved. Furthermore, in some breast cancer cell lines the APRIN protein was silenced without transcript downregulation or promoter methylation. This “translational disequilibrium” has been frequently reported with other proteins, but without mechanistic explanations. Recent results with RNA interference indicate t

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13

Rüdel, Sabine, and Gunter Meister. "Phosphorylation of Argonaute proteins: regulating gene regulators." Biochemical Journal 413, no. 3 (2008): e7-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20081244.

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Members of the Ago (Argonaute) protein family are the mediators of small RNA-guided gene-silencing pathways including RNAi (RNA interference), translational regulation by miRNAs (microRNAs) and transcriptional silencing. Recent findings by Zeng et al. in this issue of the Biochemical Journal demonstrate that Ago proteins are post-translationally modified by phosphorylation of Ser387. Mutating Ser387 to alanine leads to reduced localization of human Ago2 to cytoplasmic P-bodies (processing bodies), cellular sites where RNA turnover and, at least in part, miRNA-guided gene regulation occurs. Zen

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14

El Gazzar, Mohamed, and Charles E. McCall. "MicroRNAs Distinguish Translational from Transcriptional Silencing during Endotoxin Tolerance." Journal of Biological Chemistry 285, no. 27 (2010): 20940–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m110.115063.

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15

Cannell, Ian G., Yi Wen Kong, and Martin Bushell. "How do microRNAs regulate gene expression?" Biochemical Society Transactions 36, no. 6 (2008): 1224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0361224.

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miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3′-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing. The exact mechanism of miRNA-mediated translational repression is yet to be fully determined, but recent data from our laboratory have shown that the stage of translation which is inhibited by miRNAs is dependent upon the promoter used for transcribing the target mRNA. This review focuses on understanding how miRNA repression is operat

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16

Mazumder, Barsanjit, and Paul L. Fox. "Delayed Translational Silencing of Ceruloplasmin Transcript in Gamma Interferon-Activated U937 Monocytic Cells: Role of the 3′ Untranslated Region." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 10 (1999): 6898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.10.6898.

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ABSTRACT Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is an acute-phase protein with ferroxidase, amine oxidase, and pro- and antioxidant activities. The primary site of Cp synthesis in human adults is the liver, but it is also synthesized by cells of monocytic origin. We have shown that gamma interferon (IFN-γ) induces the synthesis of Cp mRNA and protein in monocytic cells. We now report that the induced synthesis of Cp is terminated by a mechanism involving transcript-specific translational repression. Cp protein synthesis in U937 cells ceased after 16 h even in the presence of abundant Cp mRNA. RNA isolated from ce

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Mazan-Mamczarz, Krystyna, Ashish Lal, Jennifer L. Martindale, Tomoko Kawai, and Myriam Gorospe. "Translational Repression by RNA-Binding Protein TIAR." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 7 (2006): 2716–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.26.7.2716-2727.2006.

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ABSTRACT The RNA-binding protein TIAR has been proposed to inhibit protein synthesis transiently by promoting the formation of translationally silent stress granules. Here, we report the selective binding of TIAR to several mRNAs encoding translation factors such as eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) and eIF4E (translation initiation factors), eEF1B (a translation elongation factor), and c-Myc (which transcriptionally controls the expression of numerous translation regulatory proteins). TIAR bound the 3′-untranslated regions of these mRNAs and potently suppressed their translation, partic

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18

Brown, Andrew S., Bidyut K. Mohanty, and Philip H. Howe. "Identification and characterization of an hnRNP E1 translational silencing motif." Nucleic Acids Research 44, no. 12 (2016): 5892–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw241.

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Yao, Bing, Songqing Li, Hyun Min Jung, et al. "Divergent GW182 functional domains in the regulation of translational silencing." Nucleic Acids Research 39, no. 7 (2010): 2534–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkq1099.

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Wang, Bingbing, Tara M. Love, Matthew E. Call, John G. Doench, and Carl D. Novina. "Recapitulation of Short RNA-Directed Translational Gene Silencing In Vitro." Molecular Cell 22, no. 4 (2006): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2006.03.034.

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21

Lingenfelter, Brandon M., and Jianbo Yao. "Bos taurus microRNA-181a Promotes Translational Silencing of Nucleoplasmin 2." Biology of Reproduction 78, Suppl_1 (2008): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolreprod/78.s1.59c.

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22

Huang, Jiana, Haitao Zeng, Xiaoyan Liang, and Chuanchuan Zhou. "#326 : Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Translational Landscapes and Regulations in Mouse and Human Oocyte Aging." Fertility & Reproduction 05, no. 04 (2023): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318223743564.

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Background and Aims: Abnormal resumption of meiosis and decreased oocyte quality are hallmarks of maternal aging and ultimately lead to infertility. Transcriptional silencing makes translational control an urgent task during meiosis resumption in maternal aging. However, insights into aging-related translational characteristics and underlying mechanisms are limited. Method: Here, using multi-omics analysis of oocytes, including single-cell proteomics, ultrasensitive translatomics and transcriptomics, we profiled the multi-omics landscapes of mouse and human oocyte aging. The role and mechanism

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23

Kong, Jian, Marina Sumaroka, Dawn L. Eastmond та Stephen A. Liebhaber. "Shared Stabilization Functions of Pyrimidine-Rich Determinants in the Erythroid 15-lipoxygenase and α-globin mRNAs". Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, № 15 (2006): 5603–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01845-05.

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ABSTRACT The poly(C)-binding proteins, αCPs, comprise a set of highly conserved KH-domain factors that participate in mRNA stabilization and translational controls in developmental and viral systems. Two prominent models of αCP function link these controls to late stages of erythroid differentiation: translational silencing of 15-lipoxygenase (Lox) mRNA and stabilization of α-globin mRNA. These two controls are mediated via association of αCPs with structurally related C-rich 3′-untranslated region elements: the differentiation control elements (DICE) in Lox mRNA and the pyrimidine-rich motifs

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Koeppe, Sarah, Lawrence Kawchuk, and Melanie Kalischuk. "RNA Interference Past and Future Applications in Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11 (2023): 9755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119755.

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Antisense RNA was observed to elicit plant disease resistance and post-translational gene silencing (PTGS). The universal mechanism of RNA interference (RNAi) was shown to be induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), an intermediate produced during virus replication. Plant viruses with a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome have been instrumental in the discovery and characterization of systemic RNA silencing and suppression. An increasing number of applications for RNA silencing have emerged involving the exogenous application of dsRNA through spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) that provi

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Barbato, Christian, Paola Frisone, Laura Braccini, et al. "Silencing of Ago-2 Interacting Protein SERBP1 Relieves KCC2 Repression by miR-92 in Neurons." Cells 11, no. 6 (2022): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11061052.

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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in modulating miRNA-mediated mRNA target repression. Argonaute2 (Ago2) is an essential component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) that plays a central role in silencing mechanisms via small non-coding RNA molecules known as siRNAs and miRNAs. Small RNAs loaded into Argonaute proteins catalyze endoribonucleolytic cleavage of target RNAs or recruit factors responsible for translational silencing and mRNA target destabilization. In previous studies we have shown that KCC2, a neuronal Cl (−) extruding K (+) Cl (−) co-transporter 2, is reg

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Kuwano, Yuki, Hyeon Ho Kim, Kotb Abdelmohsen, et al. "MKP-1 mRNA Stabilization and Translational Control by RNA-Binding Proteins HuR and NF90." Molecular and Cellular Biology 28, no. 14 (2008): 4562–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00165-08.

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ABSTRACT The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) plays a major role in dephosphorylating and thereby inactivating the MAP kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Here, we examine the posttranscriptional events underlying the robust MKP-1 induction by oxidants in HeLa cells. H2O2 treatment potently stabilized the MKP-1 mRNA and increased the association of MKP-1 mRNA with the translation machinery. Four RNA-binding proteins (RNA-BPs) that influence mRNA turnover and/or translation (HuR, NF90, TIAR, and TIA-1) were fou

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Huntzinger, Eric, and Elisa Izaurralde. "Gene silencing by microRNAs: contributions of translational repression and mRNA decay." Nature Reviews Genetics 12, no. 2 (2011): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg2936.

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Leatherman, Judith L., and Thomas A. Jongens. "Transcriptional silencing and translational control: key features of early germline development." BioEssays 25, no. 4 (2003): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.10247.

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Jin, Hua, Mi Ra Suh, Jinju Han, et al. "Human UPF1 Participates in Small RNA-Induced mRNA Downregulation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 21 (2009): 5789–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00653-09.

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ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous antisense regulators that trigger endonucleolytic mRNA cleavage, translational repression, and/or mRNA decay. miRNA-mediated gene regulation is important for numerous biological pathways, yet the underlying mechanisms are still under rigorous investigation. Here we identify human UPF1 (hUPF1) as a protein that contributes to RNA silencing. When hUPF1 is knocked down, miRNA targets are upregulated. The depletion of hUPF1 also increases the off-target messages of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are imperfectly complementary to transfected siRNAs.

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Nakamura, Akira, Reiko Amikura, Kazuko Hanyu, and Satoru Kobayashi. "Me31B silences translation of oocyte-localizing RNAs through the formation of cytoplasmic RNP complex duringDrosophilaoogenesis." Development 128, no. 17 (2001): 3233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.17.3233.

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Embryonic patterning in Drosophila is regulated by maternal factors. Many such factors become localized as mRNAs within the oocyte during oogenesis and are translated in a spatio-temporally regulated manner. These processes are controlled by trans-acting proteins, which bind to the target RNAs to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. We report that a DEAD-box protein, Me31B, forms a cytoplasmic RNP complex with oocyte-localizing RNAs and Exuperantia, a protein involved in RNA localization. During early oogenesis, loss of Me31B causes premature translation of oocyte-localizing RNAs within nur

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Eulalio, Ana, Isabelle Behm-Ansmant, Daniel Schweizer, and Elisa Izaurralde. "P-Body Formation Is a Consequence, Not the Cause, of RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 11 (2007): 3970–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00128-07.

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ABSTRACT P bodies are cytoplasmic domains that contain proteins involved in diverse posttranscriptional processes, such as mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. The localization of these proteins and their targets in P bodies raises the question of whether their spatial concentration in discrete cytoplasmic domains is required for posttranscriptional gene regulation. We show that processes such as mRNA decay, NMD, and RNA-mediated gene silencing are functional in cells lacking detectable microscopic P bodies. Although P

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Kakumani, Pavan Kumar, Louis-Mathieu Harvey, François Houle, Tanit Guitart, Fátima Gebauer, and Martin J. Simard. "CSDE1 controls gene expression through the miRNA-mediated decay machinery." Life Science Alliance 3, no. 4 (2020): e201900632. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.201900632.

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In animals, miRNAs are the most prevalent small non-coding RNA molecules controlling posttranscriptional gene regulation. The Argonaute proteins (AGO) mediate miRNA-guided gene silencing by recruiting multiple factors involved in translational repression, deadenylation, and decapping. Here, we report that CSDE1, an RNA-binding protein linked to stem cell maintenance and metastasis in cancer, interacts with AGO2 within miRNA-induced silencing complex and mediates gene silencing through its N-terminal domains. We show that CSDE1 interacts with LSM14A, a constituent of P-body assembly and further

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Schultz, Kimberly L. W., and Paul D. Friesen. "Baculovirus DNA Replication-Specific Expression Factors Trigger Apoptosis and Shutoff of Host Protein Synthesis during Infection." Journal of Virology 83, no. 21 (2009): 11123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01199-09.

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ABSTRACT Apoptosis is an important antivirus defense. To define the poorly understood pathways by which invertebrates respond to viruses by inducing apoptosis, we have identified replication events that trigger apoptosis in baculovirus-infected cells. We used RNA silencing to ablate factors required for multiplication of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Transfection with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complementary to the AcMNPV late expression factors (lefs) that are designated as replicative lefs (lef-1, lef-2, lef-3, lef-11, p143, dnapol, and ie-1/ie-0) blocked

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Brownsword, Matthew J., Nicole Doyle, Michèle Brocard, Nicolas Locker, and Helena J. Maier. "Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling." Viruses 12, no. 5 (2020): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050536.

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Viruses must hijack cellular translation machinery to express viral genes. In many cases, this is impeded by cellular stress responses. These stress responses result in the global inhibition of translation and the storage of stalled mRNAs, into RNA-protein aggregates called stress granules. This results in the translational silencing of the majority of mRNAs excluding those beneficial for the cell to resolve the specific stress. For example, the expression of antiviral factors is maintained during viral infection. Here we investigated stress granule regulation by Gammacoronavirus infectious br

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Brindhadevi, RK. "Investigation on Post Translational Modification of GSK3 Beta Upon SIRT6 Silencing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 12, no. 1 (2024): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v12i1.8020.

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SIRT6 aberration has been widely reported in a variety of serious human disorders during the past few decades.This work is to analyse the SIRT6 knockdown effect on the stability of a non-small cell lung cancer cell lines expressing GSK-3Beta.The main objectives includes Silencing of SIRT6 in A549 and H460 cell lines by using (SIRT6 siRNA 1, SIRT6 siRNA 2) and investigation on the phosphorylation status of GSK-3beta.Methods used in this work are In vitro experiments with human NSCLC cells have been performed. Western Blot was performed to explore the key events in the regulation of GSK-3β by si

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Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce, Jhully Azevedo dos Santos Pinheiro, Amanda Ferreira Vidal, Sidney Santos, and Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos. "piRNAs in Gastric Cancer: A New Approach Towards Translational Research." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 6 (2020): 2126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062126.

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Background: Gastric cancer is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, usually diagnosed at late stages. The development of new biomarkers to improve its prevention and patient management is critical for disease control. piRNAs are small regulatory RNAs important for gene silencing mechanisms, mainly associated with the silencing of transposable elements. piRNA pathways may also be involved in gene regulation and the deregulation of piRNAs may be an important factor in carcinogenic processes. Thus, several studies suggest piRNAs as potential cancer biomarkers. Tran

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Azar, R., S. Najib, H. Lahlou, C. Susini, and S. Pyronnet. "Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent transcriptional silencing of the translational repressor 4E-BP1." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 65, no. 19 (2008): 3110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-008-8418-2.

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Kamenska, Anastasiia, Wei-Ting Lu, Dorota Kubacka, et al. "Human 4E-T represses translation of bound mRNAs and enhances microRNA-mediated silencing." Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 5 (2013): 3298–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt1265.

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Abstract A key player in translation initiation is eIF4E, the mRNA 5′ cap-binding protein. 4E-Transporter (4E-T) is a recently characterized eIF4E-binding protein, which regulates specific mRNAs in several developmental model systems. Here, we first investigated the role of its enrichment in P-bodies and eIF4E-binding in translational regulation in mammalian cells. Identification of the conserved C-terminal sequences that target 4E-T to P-bodies was enabled by comparison of vertebrate proteins with homologues in Drosophila (Cup and CG32016) and Caenorhabditis elegans by sequence and cellular d

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Rosenstock, Hanna, Erna Mitaishvili, and Columba de la Parra. "Abstract 3704: The essential role of an alternate mRNA translation initiation in the regulation of breast cancer cell metabolism." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3704.

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Abstract Translational control and metabolic reprogramming are hallmarks of advanced cancers. Important genes involved in cancer progression express mRNAs that are selectively translated, including regulators of cancer cell metabolism. Cancer cells acquire an altered metabolism, switching from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to a glycolytic phenotype (Warburg effect), to increase reliance on alternate metabolic pathways to support growth, proliferation, and metastasis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most aggressive and highly metastatic subtypes with the poorest outcome, i

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Sidahmed, Abubaker, Shaza Abdalla, Salahedin Mahmud, and Bruce Wilkie. "Antiviral innate immune response of RNA interference." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 07 (2014): 804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4187.

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RNA interference (RNAi) is an ancient, natural process conserved among species from different kingdoms. RNAi is a transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism in which, double-stranded RNA or hairpin RNA is cleaved by an RNase III-type enzyme called Dicer into small interfering RNA duplex. This subsequently directs sequence-specific, homology dependent, Watson-Crick base-pairing post-transcriptional gene silencing by binding to its complementary RNA and initiating its elimination through degradation or by persuading translational inhibition. In plants, worms, and insects,

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Atabekova, Anastasia K., Anna D. Solovieva, Denis A. Chergintsev, Andrey G. Solovyev, and Sergey Y. Morozov. "Role of Plant Virus Movement Proteins in Suppression of Host RNAi Defense." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (2023): 9049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24109049.

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One of the systems of plant defense against viral infection is RNA silencing, or RNA interference (RNAi), in which small RNAs derived from viral genomic RNAs and/or mRNAs serve as guides to target an Argonaute nuclease (AGO) to virus-specific RNAs. Complementary base pairing between the small interfering RNA incorporated into the AGO-based protein complex and viral RNA results in the target cleavage or translational repression. As a counter-defensive strategy, viruses have evolved to acquire viral silencing suppressors (VSRs) to inhibit the host plant RNAi pathway. Plant virus VSR proteins use

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Tan, Huijuan, Bosheng Li, and Hongwei Guo. "The diversity of post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by small silencing RNAs in plants." Essays in Biochemistry 64, no. 6 (2020): 919–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20200006.

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Abstract In plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) tightly regulates development, maintains genome stability and protects plant against foreign genes. PTGS can be triggered by virus infection, transgene, and endogenous transcript, thus commonly serves as an RNA-based immune mechanism. Accordingly, based on the initiating factors, PTGS can be divided into viral-PTGS, transgene-PTGS, and endo-gene-PTGS. Unlike the intensely expressed invading transgenes and viral genes that frequently undergo PTGS, most endogenous genes do not trigger PTGS, except for a few that can produce endogenou

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Ma, Xinrong, Fadia Ibrahim, Eun-Jeong Kim, et al. "An ortholog of the Vasa intronic gene is required for small RNA-mediated translation repression inChlamydomonas reinhardtii." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (2019): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908356117.

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Small RNAs (sRNAs) associate with Argonaute (AGO) proteins in effector complexes, termed RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs), which regulate complementary transcripts by translation inhibition and/or RNA degradation. In the unicellular algaChlamydomonas, several metazoans, and land plants, emerging evidence indicates that polyribosome-associated transcripts can be translationally repressed by RISCs without substantial messenger RNA (mRNA) destabilization. However, the mechanism of translation inhibition in a polyribosomal context is not understood. Here we show thatChlamydomonasVIG1, an or

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Pantaleo, Vitantonio, György Szittya, and József Burgyán. "Molecular Bases of Viral RNA Targeting by Viral Small Interfering RNA-Programmed RISC." Journal of Virology 81, no. 8 (2007): 3797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02383-06.

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ABSTRACT RNA silencing is conserved in a broad range of eukaryotes and operates in the development and maintenance of genome integrity in many organisms. Plants have adapted this system for antiviral defense, and plant viruses have in turn developed mechanisms to suppress RNA silencing. RNA silencing-related RNA inactivation is likely based on target RNA cleavage or translational arrest. Although it is widely assumed that virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) promotes the endonucleolytic cleavage of the viral RNA genome, this popular assumption has never been tested experimentally. Here we analy

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Schröder, Jens A., and Pauline E. Jullien. "The Diversity of Plant Small RNAs Silencing Mechanisms." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, no. 5 (2019): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.362.

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Small RNAs gene regulation was first discovered about 20 years ago. It represents a conserve gene regulation mechanism across eukaryotes and is associated to key regulatory processes. In plants, small RNAs tightly regulate development, but also maintain genome stability and protect the plant against pathogens. Small RNA gene regulation in plants can be divided in two canonical pathways: Post-transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) that results in transcript degradation and/or translational inhibition or Transcriptional Gene Silencing (TGS) that results in DNA methylation. In this review, we will

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Sakuma, Toshie, Michael A. Barry, and Yasuhiro Ikeda. "Lentiviral vectors: basic to translational." Biochemical Journal 443, no. 3 (2012): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20120146.

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More than two decades have passed since genetically modified HIV was used for gene delivery. Through continuous improvements these early marker gene-carrying HIVs have evolved into safer and more effective lentiviral vectors. Lentiviral vectors offer several attractive properties as gene-delivery vehicles, including: (i) sustained gene delivery through stable vector integration into host genome; (ii) the capability of infecting both dividing and non-dividing cells; (iii) broad tissue tropisms, including important gene- and cell-therapy-target cell types; (iv) no expression of viral proteins af

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Kenesi, Erzsébet, Juan-Jose Lopez-Moya, László Orosz, József Burgyán, and Lóránt Lakatos. "Argonaute 2 Controls Antiviral Activity against Sweet Potato Mild Mottle Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana." Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050867.

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RNA silencing is a sequence specific post-transcriptional mechanism regulating important biological processes including antiviral defense in plants. Argonaute (AGO) proteins, the catalytic subunits of the silencing complexes, are loaded with small RNAs to execute the sequence specific RNA cleavage or translational inhibition. Plants encode several AGO proteins and a few of them, especially AGO1 and AGO2, have been shown to be required for antiviral silencing. Previously, we have shown that the P1 protein of the sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV) suppresses the primary RNA silencing respons

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Clavel, Marion, Esther Lechner, Marco Incarbone, et al. "Atypical molecular features of RNA silencing against the phloem-restricted polerovirus TuYV." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 19 (2021): 11274–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab802.

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Abstract In plants and some animal lineages, RNA silencing is an efficient and adaptable defense mechanism against viruses. To counter it, viruses encode suppressor proteins that interfere with RNA silencing. Phloem-restricted viruses are spreading at an alarming rate and cause substantial reduction of crop yield, but how they interact with their hosts at the molecular level is still insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate the antiviral response against phloem-restricted turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a combination of genetics, deep sequencin

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Clavel, Marion, Esther Lechner, Marco Incarbone, et al. "Atypical molecular features of RNA silencing against the phloem-restricted polerovirus TuYV." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 19 (2021): 11274–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab802.

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Abstract In plants and some animal lineages, RNA silencing is an efficient and adaptable defense mechanism against viruses. To counter it, viruses encode suppressor proteins that interfere with RNA silencing. Phloem-restricted viruses are spreading at an alarming rate and cause substantial reduction of crop yield, but how they interact with their hosts at the molecular level is still insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate the antiviral response against phloem-restricted turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a combination of genetics, deep sequencin

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Tehfe, Ali, Talia Roseshter, Yulong Wei, and Xuhua Xia. "Does Saccharomyces cerevisiae Require Specific Post-Translational Silencing against Leaky Translation of Hac1up?" Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (2021): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030620.

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HAC1 encodes a key transcription factor that transmits the unfolded protein response (UPR) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the nucleus and regulates downstream UPR genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In response to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER, Ire1p oligomers splice HAC1 pre-mRNA (HAC1u) via a non-conventional process and allow the spliced HAC1 (HAC1i) to be translated efficiently. However, leaky splicing and translation of HAC1u may occur in non-UPR cells to induce undesirable UPR. To control accidental UPR activation, multiple fail-safe mechanisms have been proposed

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