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Journal articles on the topic 'Transliteration into Russian'
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1
Grinëëv, Andrei V., and Richard L. Bland. "A Brief Survey of the Russian Historiography of Russian America of Recent Years." Pacific Historical Review 79, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2010.79.2.265.
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Many people have written about the history of the Russian-American Company (RAC), some for scholars, others for a lay audience. Numerous writers have been Americans and Europeans who have had access to the records of the RAC that are held in the U.S. National Archives. But more records-preserved in Russia-were rarely accessible to Western scholars until the end of the Cold War. Dr. Andrei V. Grinëëv is one of the leading authorities on the history of Russian America. In the past two decades he has published two monographs, ten chapters in the three-volume Istoriya Russkoi Ameriki [The History of Russian America], and seventy-five articles in Russian, English, and Japanese. He writes not just about the Europeans who settled in Russia's transoceanic territories but also about Native Americans. Many of his works are unique in that he draws on both the ethnography and history of Native Americans. With regard to Russian America, he deals not only with the policies of governments and companies but with individuals as well. In pursuit of this task, Grinëëv has now written a book about everyone who had connections with Russian America. It contains more than 5,800 biographical sketches and was published in 2009. In the work below, he analyzes the writings of scholars who have tried to unravel historical details about individuals, companies, and governments that related to the Russian-American Company. This article was translated from Russian. Since a great deal of Russian literature is cited, it is important to understand the form of transliteration used with these titles. For a detailed description of the transliteration, please see the Translator's Note in the appendix.
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Edgerton, William. "One More Look at the Problem of Transliteration." Slavic Review 48, no. 1 (1989): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2498689.
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In the United States we are saddled with three different systems for the transliteration of Russian, and none of the three is satisfactory enough to replace the other two. The so-called Popular System gives general readers a rough idea of how to pronounce Russian words within the sound system of English, but it does not accurately reflect the original Russian (for example, does voskresenie represent BOCKPeceHbe or BOCKPeceHИe?) The International Scholarly System is exact and simple: in its American variant (which uses x instead of the continental European ch to transliterate the Russian x) each Russian letter is represented by a single Latin letter. It is ideal and widely accepted for works in linguistics and for literary studies that are aimed at an international scholarly audience.
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Muhanalieva, A. A., and I. E. Kubeev. "BORROWINGS OF RUSSIAN WORDS FROM THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Main problems of modern linguistics 12, no. 12 (2020): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/2075-535x-2020.02.29-072-074.
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Kondratyeva, E. N. "The First Korean Migrants in the Far East and Inaccurate Korean Names: a Linguistic Analysis." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 34 (2020): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2020.34.99.
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In this article the so-called “traditional” Russian transliteration of names of the first Korean migrants in Russian Far East is explained. The linguistic analysis revealed some patterns dating back to the Middle Korean language which were preserved in some dialects and implemented in the Russian spellings of Korean names.
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Doleyeva, Aisa O. "Калмыцкие рукописи из фонда Российской национальной библиотеки." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 15, no. 3 (November 25, 2020): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2020-3-15-98-106.
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The article introduces the texts of the Kalmyk (Oirat) manuscripts kept at the Russian National Library in Saint Petersburg in the Fund No. 918 (“Kalmyk manuscripts. New series. Meeting»). The collection of Oirat manuscripts includes “Vadzhrachkhedika Pradzhnya-paramita Sutra”, “The History of White Tara”, “Altn Gerl Nertya Nomin Khurangu Orshv”, prayer-repentance “Tsogt Zandn Orshv”, etc. The article gives the transliteration the manuscript of the letter of the Kalmyk Khan Ayuki to the Astrakhan Governor P. M. Apraksin, translated into the modern Kalmyk language and translated into Russian. The introduction of the transliteration and translation into modern Kalmyk of these manuscripts will contribute greatly to the research of the Kalmyk written culture.
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Celunova, Jelena. "The Book of Psalms in the Church Slavonic Language from Norov´s Book Collection." Slavistica Vilnensis 65, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/slavviln.2020.65(2).46.
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This article is devoted to the research of the Book of Psalms manuscript from A. S. Norovʼs book collection stored in the Department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library. The manuscript is written in the beginning of the 18th century in Church Slavonic language Polish letters. This manuscript has never been studied before, it is nonetheless of interest primarily as a Latin-graphic text, which is a transliteration of the originals in Church Slavonic. Very few such texts have survived, and almost all of them were created in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article provides a complete description of the manuscript and analyses of its language peculiarities. The analysis has made it possible to identify Church Slavonic protographs of the manuscript, and also to establish that the manuscript was written by women (most likely nuns) for private use. Since the authors of the transliteration themselves had very good command of Church Slavonic, it can be assumed that the text was written to order. Against the background of the cultural and historical context of the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries it can be assumed that the manuscript was written by the nuns of one of the southwestern Russian Uniate monasteries who had moved to one of the monasteries in Russia at that time.
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Hu, Yeshuang. "TRANSLITERATION TECHNIQUE IN CULTUROLOGICAL ASPECT (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE RUSSIAN-CHINESE AND CHINESE-RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS)." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 7 (July 2019): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2019.7.60.
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Suleymanova, R. A. "SPELLING OF BASHKIR FAMILY ANTHROPONYMS." Onomastics of the Volga Region, no. 1 (2020): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2020-1.onomast.369-374.
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Particular attention is required to the correct transliteration into Russian of the names of representatives of non-Russian nationalities, including and the Bashkir people, whose anthroponymic system abounds in a large number of phonetic variants of surnames. The author, using an example of analysis of specific surnames from a research source, describes in detail those phonetic processes in the field of vowels that led to the polyvariance of Bashkir surnames, such as alternating sounds, stunning voiced consonants, and the loss of individual sounds.
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Slavova, Liudmyla, and Natalia Borysenko. "Culture-Specific Information Encoded in Lacunae: The Author’s and Translators’ Strategies of Representation." Studies about Languages 1, no. 38 (July 13, 2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.1.38.27396.
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The present study examines the representation of Ukrainian culture-specific information in Marina Lewycka’s novel A Short History of Tractors in Ukrainian. Such information is encoded in lacunae and the author’s or translator’s task is to decode it using relevant translation strategies. The latter ones have been identified: 1) the strategy of domestication (equivalent or near equivalent translation); 2) the combination of domestication and foreignization (transliteration together with a near equivalent and descriptive translation, calque translation accompanied by descriptive translation); and 3) the strategy of foreignization (borrowing, transliteration alone or combined with calque translation). Graphic means such as inverted commas and italics are used to mark information as culture-specific for the reader. Ukrainian and Russian translations of the novel demonstrate that lacunae are rendered mostly with the help of the corresponding Ukrainian and Russian lexemes. It has been revealed that archaic forms can be substituted by modern ones, and both native and borrowed elements are employed. This paper also demonstrates that the procedures and means used in rendering Ukrainian culture-specific information in the source English and target Ukrainian and Russian texts aim at finding balance between the strategies of domestication and foreignization used in the presentation of culture-specific information.
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Prozorov, Stanislav M. "An Arabo-Islamic Lexicon of Russian Academic Islamic Studies." Письменные памятники Востока 17, no. 3 (October 26, 2020): 34–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/wmo46761.
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The structure of the proposed publication: The introductory part, were the author examines the necessity of the unification of Arab-Islamic terminology in Russian Academic Islamic studies as a step on the way to the proper understanding and translation of Arab-Islamic lexicon and as a measure contributing to the improvement of professional knowledge of Islam. Two subject-matter parts contain a database of Arab-Islamic vocabulary, prepared on the basis of the contents of original Arab-Islamic sources and presented in the form of two tables, in which the selected terminology is presented in Arabic script, Cyrillic alphabet and Latin transliteration, with an appended Russian translation.
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Kapylou, I. L. "ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS OF ONOMASTIC STANDARDIZATION: BELARUSIAN EXPERIENCE." Onomastics of the Volga Region, no. 1 (2020): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2020-1.onomast.72-82.
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The article describes the achievements and determines the prospects for the standardization of Belarusian onyms: it examines the problems associated with the establishment of official written forms of toponyms, the creation of normative onomastic reference books, the functioning of onyms in the situation of the state Belarusian-Russian bilingualism in Belarus, the transliteration of foreign names into the Belarusian language, the preparation of a legal framework and development of a program for proper names romanization.
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Девисилов and Vladimir Devisilov. "Scientific Publications in the Journal." Safety in Technosphere 3, no. 4 (August 25, 2014): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5298.
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Summing up eight years of publishing the journal, analyzing issued articles and journal topic, studying manuscript
preparation and publication. Laying out editors’ and publishers’ requirements to submitted manuscripts. Offering
recommendations on article writing and design, approximate and recommended manuscript writing schedules and
schemes, and technical standards for reference lists that are obligatory for every article. Informing on transliteration rules
for reference lists in Russian, the journal’s web-sites, and Agreement between authors and editors.
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Kolpakova, Yulia V., and Maksim Y. Kolpakov. "The Life of a Foreign Traveler in Russia According to Johann Arnold Brand’s Dictionary-Phrasebook, 1673." Journal of Frontier Studies 6, no. 3 (September 16, 2021): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v6i3.296.
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The article provides for an overview of foreigners’ encounter with the Russian language in the 16th — early 18th centuries; it analyzes, for this purpose, the German-Russian dictionary-phrasebook from the diary “Journey through Brandenburg, Prussia, Courland, Livonia, Pskov, Veliky Novgorod, Tver and Moscow” by Johann Arnold Brand. The phrasebook “Some Muscovite words and expressions that may be useful to travelers”, compiled by Brand on the way from Pskov to Moscow, contains the names of body parts, clothing, household accessories, dishes and drinks, food products, interior items, transport, utensils, writing tools in Russian transliteration with the translation into German. It also includes ready-made speech structures for communicating with fellow travelers, coachmen, owners and staff of the inns, for disposing of servants and property. The analysis of the phrasebook made it possible to recreate the everyday realities of the life of the Brandenburg Embassy on the road, and situations of lexical exchange. The authors provide a commented version of the literal reading of words and expressions in Russian. The independent study of the local language in Russia by foreign travelers was the most effective way to overcome the communication barrier and improve living conditions when traveling to the borderlands. The source under study may be of interest to both historians of the frontier and specialists in material culture and linguistics.
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Shkilev, R. E. "LEXICAL GAPS IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN LEGAL TERMINOLOGY." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-1-221-225.
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The article deals with the phenomenon of gaps in legal terminology of the English language from the point of view of its Russian translation. The author analyzes the approaches to understanding lexical gaps. Examples of terminological gaps have been selected from English-English explanatory dictionaries. The selected terminological units have no equivalents in legal terminology of the Russian language. The study reveals the role of the commentary in rendering the meaning of terminological gaps. While considering the factors determining the existence of gaps, the author pays attention to both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. The research revealed a number of lexical gaps among the terms of international law. English-Russian termninological dictionaries in some cases contain the explanations of notional gaps. The use of transliteration is a signal of notional gap. The conclusion is made about the connection between the perception of gaps and the structures of one’s mother tongue. The social and historical character of the gaps under study has been proved to be well-grounded. The author emphasizes the importance of detailed definitions for adequate rendering of the gaps.
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Abduzhemilev, Refat R. "Abdullah ibn Rizvan-Pasha. The Chronicle «Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak». Part 1." Crimean Historical Review, no. 2 (2020): 214–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2020.2.214-247.
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The column presents one of the principal narrative sources reflecting the history of the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate – the work “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” (“The Chronicle of the Desht-i Kiptchak”, 1638) from under the pen of Abdullah ibn Rizvan. Notwithstanding the presence of works in the scientific literature on this chronicle, they still have a superficial character. The artistic and literary merits of the work have not been fully analyzed. The chronicle is a vivid example of the evolution of the Crimean and Ottoman traditions of verbal creativity and chronology, which later gave impetus to the emergence of other universal histories. The text of “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” is given in the original transliteration from two manuscripts (National Library of France S 874 and The Library of Topkapı Palace Museum B 289) and in Russian translation (author of transliteration and translation – R. R. Abduzhemilev). The translation is made up of the combined text from two manuscript copies in the book Ananiasz Zajaczkowski “La Chronique des Steppes Kıptchak Tevarih-i Deşt-ı Qıpçaq du XVIIe siecle” (Warszawa 1966).
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Abduzhemilev, Refat R. "Abdullah ibn Rizvan-Pasha. The Chronicle «Tevarikh-i-Desht-i Kiptchak». Part 2." Crimean Historical Review, no. 1 (June 2021): 199–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.1.199-219.
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The column presents one of the principal narrative sources reflecting the history of the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate – the work “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” (“The Chronicle of the Desht-i Kiptchak”, 1638) from under the pen of Abdullah ibn Rizvan. Notwithstanding the presence of works in the scientific literature on this chronicle, they still have a superficial character. The artistic and literary merits of the work have not been fully analyzed. The chronicle is a vivid example of the evolution of the Crimean Ottoman traditions of verbal creativity and chronology, which later gave impetus to the emergence of other universal histories. The text of “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” is given in the original transliteration from two manuscripts (National Library of France S 874 and The Library of Topkapı Palace Museum B 289) and in Russian translation (author of transliteration and translation – R. R. Abduzhemilev). The translation is made up of the combined text from two manuscript copies in the book Ananiasz Zajaczkowski “La Chronique des Steppes Kıptchak Tevarih-i Deşt-ı Qıpçaq du XVIIe siecle” (Warszawa, 1966).
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Semenov, Kirill I. "ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN PHONETIC LOANWORDS IN CHINESE. PHONETIC AND GRAPHIC ASPECTS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 7 (2020): 30–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2020-7-30-63.
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This article considers phonetic and graphic transformations of Russian loanwords in Chinese. The study comprises an analysis of both proper and common nouns, as well as both loanwords included in dictionaries and those used in the Internet. The data considered make it possible to detect the main trends in the adaptation of Russian consonants in Chinese, as well as to localize the hypothetical influence of the Russian-Chinese pidgin on current loanword adaptation in Mandarin Chinese. It is noted that there is a dramatic discrepancy between the norms of transliteration prescribed by the PRC media and the usage in the Internet. Furthermore, a significant level of specificity of the hieroglyphic N-grams in the loanwords is revealed, compared to the reference corpus of the Chinese texts. The author expects that the results of the work will be useful for specialists both in phonetic typology and in NLP.
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Turanskaya, Anna, and Ayşe Kiliç Cengiz. "Old Uyghur Blockprint of Sitātapatrā Dhāraṇī in the Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS." Written Monuments of the Orient 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/wmo25874-.
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Sitātapatrā, referred to as White Umbrella One Goddess who averts evil influences and protects from all kind of disasters and malignant beings with her dhāraṇī. Multiple manuscripts and blockprints dedicated to this goddess, in Old Uyghur and other languages of Central Asia are stored in different world collections. This paper deals with the Old Uyghur fragments of the Sitātapatrā dhāraṇī preserved in the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM, RAS). These fragments refer to the same blockprint edition and this study involves the transliteration, transcription and translation of these fragments within the scope of semantic sequence.
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Borisova, Yuliya Mikhailovna. "Main methods of Russian-Yakut translation of legal terms (based on the material of Russian-Yakut legal dictionary by B. N. Alekseev, V. N. Nikonov)." Филология: научные исследования, no. 8 (August 2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.8.33644.
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The subject of this article is the methods of terminographical translation of legal terminology of the Sakha language employed in the Russian-Yakut legal dictionary. The goal of this work consists in determination of peculiarities of legal terminological lexicon and ways of conveying it to Yakut language. Terminographical analysis of the dictionary demonstrated that there is no strict rule for selecting the framework legal terms and terminological phrases. For example, the legal status of some commonly used words is questionable; the so-called “non-terminological” parts of speech manifest as the head term, and the form of feminine gender is presented excessively, which the authors propose on the equal basis with the form of masculine gender. This article is first to conduct a detailed analysis of instances of application of Russian-Yakut translation techniques of legal terms, such as equivalent, alternative translation, calquing, transliteration, as well as descriptive, situational and other translation methods. The article is based on the inductive-deductive method and method of selective sampling for terminographical analysis of translations of translation of legal terms and terminological phrases. The results terminographical analysis of the Russian-Yakut translation of legal allow concluding on the need for comprising the more extensive Russian-Yakut dictionaries of legal and sociopolitical terms.
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Bella, Takushinova. "Parsuna – the first secular representation of the traditional Russian icon." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 12, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.618.
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The second half of the 15th century in the Russian Church history marked a strong decline of spiritual life, which naturally found its reflection in the icon painting. The feeling of integrity of an image, its depth were lost. At the same time, the weakening influence of the Orthodox Balkans and the Byzantine Empire gave way to the influence of the Catholic West with its profoundly different principles of religious art.In this transitional period of the Russian cultural life, characterized by the transformation of the medieval worldview and the formation of new artistic ideals, appeared parsuna (a rough Russian transliteration of the Latin word “persona”) - an early secular portrait of a lay person in the iconographic style that represents an important transition in Russia’s art history. The first pasruna were painted, most probably, by the iconographers of the Moscow Kremlin Armoury in the 17th century. The painters of these portraits were usually monks that tended to be anonymous, showing a humility.Although the stylized forms used in parsuna reveal a lack of concern with preserving the actual features of a person, but rather their overall image (special attributes and signatures allow to define represented), it still can be viewed as one of the very first attempts to look at person not only through the rigid iconographic canons, but also through a prism of psychological interpretation. Thus, this transitional image may be concerned as the initial fundamental step on the way to the further introduction fo the European portrait tradition in Russia.In this study, we would like to consistently trace how parsuna, thanks to its completely new stylistic value, can be considered one of the earliest stages on the way to the secularization of the Russian art in the early 17th century, which led to the separation from the strict iconographic religious canons and, consequently, to the rapprochement with the European art.
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Sultanbek, K., and Z. Shadkam. "THE PROBLEMS OF THE TRANSCRIPTION AN ARABOGRAPHIC WORKS." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 75, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-7804.27.
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The article deals the problems of transcription an arabographic literary heritage. Turkic people are used various writing systems and alphabets to nowadays, and we have a lot of works which as considering as a cultural heritage. These works are researched by domestic scientists in accordance with modern realities and norms of the Kazakh language. Comprehensive studies of the written heritage are being conducted to this day, which starting from ancient stone writing monuments, written relics of the Uyghur, Karakhanid, Khorezm, Chagatai periods. Although the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions were first read by foreign Turkologists, domestic researchers also have many works in this area. In the course of such work, scientists have used various symbols of transcription and transliteration. Russian, Turkish and Western scholars have used their own symbols and methods of transcription. This indicates a lack of methods of unification among scientists. In Russia and the CIS countries are used the Cyrillic system of transcription. The transition of the Kazakh alphabet to the Latin script presupposes the formation of a new transcription system of medieval written relics.
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Шугаева, Наталья Юрьевна, and Наталия Владимировна Кормилина. "RECONSTRUCTION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC INFORMATION WHEN TRANSLATING NOVEL “PETER THE FIRST” BY A. N. TOLSTOY INTO ENGLISH AS A VARIETY OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 3(108) (October 20, 2020): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2020.108.3.013.
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В данной статье раскрываются особенности передачи культурно-исторической информации при переводе на английский язык романа А. Н. Толстого «Петр Первый». Проблема перевода культурно-специфической информации рассматривается в статье как разновидность межкультурной коммуникации, поскольку перевод художественного произведения русской классики на английский язык предназначен для носителей английского языка и адекватный перевод романа будет способствовать лучшему пониманию носителями английского языка истории и культуры России. В статье в сравнительном плане рассмотрены два варианта перевода романа. В ходе исследования выделяются основные стратегии и способы перевода лексических единиц, не имеющих эквивалента в английском языке. В статье приводятся примеры из анализируемых переводов, анализируется уровень их эквивалентности и в то же время уровень доступности для понимания этой лексики англоязычным читателем романа. Наиболее часто переводчики используют транслитерацию, калькирование, описательный перевод, аналог, гибридное сочетание транслитерации и аналога. При этом даже при использовании одинакового способа переводчики зачастую применяют различные стратегии представления культурно-специфической информации в романе. На основании этого в завершение статьи делается вывод о большей предпочтительности одного из двух переводов и значимости данного исследования для успешной межкультурной коммуникации, предметом которой является история и культура России. The article deals with the peculiarities of the transfer of culture-specific information when translating the novel “Peter the First” by A. N. Tolstoy into English. The problem of the interpretation of culture-specific information into English is considered in the article as a variety of intercultural communication since the translation of Russian fiction into English is intended for English speakers and adequate translation of the novel will contribute to better understanding of Russian history and culture. Main strategies of translation of the lexical units having no equivalent in English are considered. Examples from two translations of the novel are discussed in the article from the point of view of their equivalence and level of comprehension by English speaking readers of the novel. Transliteration, calques, descriptive translation, hybrids of transliteration and analog are used by translators more often. But even when similar ways of translation are chosen by different translators the strategies of representation of the culture-specific information of the novel varies. On this basis a conclusion is made about the greater preference of one of the two translations and about the importance of this research for inter-cultural communication which object is Russian history and culture
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Dmitrieva, Tatiana N. "Types of Spelling Mistakes in Personal Documents of Russian Citizens and Migrants Applying for Russian Citizenship." Вопросы Ономастики 18, no. 2 (2021): 196–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.2.026.
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The paper analyses mistakes and inconsistencies that tend to occur in the spelling of surnames, first names, and patronymics in personal documents of Russian citizens when they register for pensions and other welfare payments, as well as in the documents of migrants applying for Russian citizenship. The material for the study was retrieved from in-person enquiries received at the Department of Russian Language, General Linguistics and Speech Communication of the Ural Federal University during 2005–2021. The certificates issued by the author in response to those requests served to confirm the identity of the names of applicants and their relatives in birth certificates, passports, employment records, marriage certificates, etc. The material includes the documents drawn up on the territory of the USSR and former Soviet republics, and some in the far abroad. The paper identifies the types of mistakes and variations in the spelling of names, patronymics, and surnames in these documents and looks for the reasons to such variation. The study showed that along with spelling mistakes which are generally few (dropping / replacing a letter, adding an extra letter, word formation errors), there are much more frequent cases of variation of names, patronymics and surnames due to linguistic and sociolinguistic reasons: 1) the use of orthographic name variants, 2) the use of the literary and colloquial version of the name, 3) replacing a little-known name with a more popular one with similar pronunciation, 4) the existence of word-formation and phonetic variants including multilingual equivalents of the personal name, 5) new variants appearing in the course of rendering the name into Russian and transliteration of specific vowels and consonants of other languages, 6) changes in the graphics and spelling in the languages of the former Soviet republics and a tendency to correct the Russified forms of names, patronymics, and surnames initially recorded in Soviet times to match the updated norms.
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Tsi, Yalun'. "Comparison of motivation of the Russian and Chinese terms (based on the material of linguistic terminology)." Litera, no. 5 (May 2021): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35494.
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One of the paramount peculiarities of the Chinese terms is their sinicization. Sinicization of the term is often viewed a translation and adaptation of foreign language terms to the specifics of Chinese language. This implies that the new word is being rooted in the Chinese “soil” and subsequently recognized as Chinese native. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of Chinese and Russian linguistic terminology. The goal is to compare the motivation of Chinese and Russian linguistic terminology and determine the influencing factors. The research material was collected from the Dacihai Dictionary and the Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary, and consists of more than 6,000 terminological units. The article employs the methods of description, comparison, and continuous sampling. The scientific novelty lies in determination of the factors that influence the motivation of Chinese linguistic terminology, as well as in its comparison with Russian linguistic terminology. The conclusion is made that Chinese terms have stronger motivation than Russian terms. On the one hand, Chinese characters are the ideograms that convey the thought in a motivational form, and offer more opportunities for increasing semantic transparency. On the other hand, the syllabic characteristics of Chinese language limit the possibility of transliteration of foreign words. With the exception of proper names, the Chinese terminology features a very few transliterated or partially transliterated terms.
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Wierzbiński, Jarosław. "Иллюзия иностранной речи в структуре текстов Михаила Зощенко." Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, no. 43 (November 26, 2018): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2018.43.25.
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Mikhail Zoshchenko creates specific configurations of word and stylistic constructions using foreign-language parentheses in form of separate lexems, expressions and syntactic structures inserted into passages of a protagonist’s speech. The phenomenon of compilation of Russian and foreign-language forms [or quasi-foreign — taking into consideration the significant number of distortions] can be illustrated by the short story ‘История с переодеванием’. The interlocutors in the text, who in fact cannot speak any foreign language, pretend to use ‘foreign’ words and expressions, involving themselves in a specific verbal game. Their dialogue consists of collocations carried to absurdity, for example: ‘...их бин ейне шамбер-циммер Испания. Компрене? Испания. Падеспань’; ‘Ву зет Германия, одер, может быть, что-нибудь другое?’. Such words and foreign illogical collocations appear to be a unique stylistic device in Zoshchenko’s texts. Their specific features are determined by foreign lexical units usually belonging to several languages. Most frequent are syntactic structures containing Germanisms and Gallicisms. What is more, in Zoshchenko’s texts the foreign parenthetic words and expressions are used exclusively in Russian graphics, which leads to certain changes and modifications of their semantic and phonetic structures according to the model of the Russian language. Transliteration does not reflect the adequate articulation of foreign words and, consequently, results in grotesque effects.
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Pitina, Svetlana. "English Influence on Linguistic Landscape of Modern Russian Cities." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n1p61.
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This paper provides an integral cognitive and language and cultural study of linguistic landscape diversity which is of a particular interest from the viewpoint of multilingualism expansion. The research aims to outline and analyze peculiarities of English influence on the modern urban space of Russian cities. This paper puts forward and confirms the hypothesis that English influence on linguistic landscape of the three modern Russian cities is a regular process in commercial place naming, that it is realized in various ways in different types of ergonyms to meet the demands of customers. Local city space is seen as a complex system from the point of view of language and cultural studies. Local urban naming is analyzed on the material of about 1,000 partially or completely anglicized names of language centers, tourist agencies and book shops of Yekaterinburg, Saint-Petersburg and Chelyabinsk retrieved from official websites. The data analysis has shown the existence of both general tendencies in forming urban commercial place names and realization of regional consciousness in naming. The findings prove that nomination processes in urban naming combine local and global tendencies. One of the main universal tendencies of naming is urban globalization realized in the English influence on the modern linguistic landscape in general and on the urban place names in particular. It is shown that English influence (Anglicization) is realized in glocalization, the coexistence of English and local characteristics of Russian urban place names. Anglicization tendencies and mechanisms include language fashion and creativity. The study reveals patterns of borrowing, codeswitching and language interplay. It is illustrated that blending, transliteration from English into Russian, usage of hybrid words and expressions are characteristic of the analyzed minor place names.
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Tkacheva, A. N. "French Film Titles with Anthroponyms: Translation Issues." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-1-258-267.
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The research objective was to analyze, classify, and describe the ways of translation of French film titles that contain anthroponyms. Proper names (surnames, nicknames, or pseudonyms) are used to add additional characteristics to the personage or to express some cultural information. The principles of translation of French anthroponyms into Russian include etymological transposition, practical transcription, morphographic method, and transliteration. The anthroponyms do not correspond semantically in different languages. Therefore, they cannot be considered identical equivalents. When translated from French into Russian, anthroponym-containing film titles often lose their stylistic and artistic value, associations, or puns. As a rule, such titles are transformed using reduction, substitution, or addition of some language elements. The transformation serves to correct a seemingly unattractive title, to link the title to the topic and genre, or to achieve commercial success. Titles with pseudonyms and nicknames of French celebrities always undergo some kind of transformation. Sometimes, translators change the title completely or borrow some elements from commercially successful films to attract the attention of the potential audience. The research results can be applied to train specialists of cinema and media industry and teach them French, as well as to develop universal rules of cinema translation.
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Celic, Zeljka. "UKRAINIAN WRITERS AND LITERARY WORKS AS A COMMUNICATIONAL DIMENSION FACTOR OF UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE IN CROATIAN CONTEXT – TRANSLITERATION AND ADAPTATION." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-321-325.
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Communicational dimension of particular language, that is not native or L1 language, is conditioned geographically and by sociohistorical factors, such as shared state and state language. Communicational dimension of Ukrainian language in Croatian context is variable, in most cases the knowledge of Ukrainian realia or simply acquaintance with the basic information is on a zero level, especially beyond the academic circle. Though Ukrainian and Croatian language belong to common language family, there was no any geographical connection between them after the settlement of Slavs in the Early Middle Ages. There was no physical contact, only the political one: the West part of modern Ukraine (Galicia region) was a part of a common Austro-Hungarian Empire including regions of Croatia and Slavonia. Ukrainian Galicia is a shared historical component for Ukrainian and Croatian context in the Great War. Communicational dimension of Ukrainian language in Croatian context is channeled by Russian language and Russian literature. Communicational dimension of Ukrainian language raises from a zero level in the last decade of the 21st century. We shall ignore amplitudes on a zero level connected with temporarily football championships, which throw a short-term light on Ukrainian trivia. The first decade shows the intention to upgrade the level of communicational dimension related to Ukrainian language with a help of Ukrainian contemporary literary works translations. Proper names of Ukrainian authors with their works potentially should widen communicational dimension of Ukrainian language in a Croatian context, at least in the culturological context. However, the result is an opposite one.
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Viimaranta, Johanna, and Anastasia Maslova. "Multilingual Practices in Internet Discourse on the Social Network “Facebook” (An Analysis of Written Language of Russophone Women Living in Finland)." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 18, no. 4 (2020): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2020-18-4-32-44.
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Russian speakers make up the biggest group of foreign-language speakers in Finland. Their use of Finnish words in Russian discourse can be interpreted as an example of multilingual practices, such as code-switching. It can also be viewed as an example of how loanwords are assimilated. While speakers of Russian in Finland are part of a worldwide internet community, they also represent a local community that can have a language form of its own. This article presents an analysis of about 500 cases of Finnish lexical items and word combinations usage in written Russian (260 different lemmas). The material for the research was selected from written internet discourse of a Russophone community on Facebook, a social media platform. Members of this community are Russian women who have been living in Finland for some time. The Finnish words were studied in the context of posts and replies to them. The 475 Finnish words found amounted to 4 % of the total 12,022 words used in the source. The analysis of the material took into account semantic and grammatical features of the items. Semantic features included the categories of proper nouns, terms and other words related to life in Finland. The grammatical analysis began by studying the choice of writing system, i.e. whether the units retained their original spelling which is either in Latin or in Cyrillic. After that, the Finnish words that had been transliterated were studied for the presence or lack of declension as compared to the Russian norm in similar uses. It was suggested that the tendency not to decline Finnish words written both in Cyrillic and Latin in the discourse also affected the syntactic positions in which they were used, making positions that did not require declension overrepresented. The number of examples subjected to the assimilation rules for loanwords in Russian (transliteration and using declension) was small. Therefore, most of the examples represent code-switching, a natural consequence of those living in Finland, and provide evidence for the existence of a local version of Russian.
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Данилова, I. Danilova, Данилова, and Yu Danilova. "Structural and semantic peculiarities of medical terms in the english and french languages, the problems of translation into the russian." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7362.
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This short report presents the studying results of the structural and semantic peculiarities of the terms of the medicine in the English and French languages. The actual material for this study was 950 medical terms. The authors used the following methods: continuous sampling method, component and comparative analysis, method of word definition. The authors gave a characterization of the stages and factors of the development concept “terminology”, in particular, medical terminology. The analysis of scientific texts, articles in medicine and biology allows to identifying the eponymic terms. A proper name is a characteristic feature of these eponymic terms as binary phrase. Formation of the derived from a large number of compound terms confirms the viability and morphological value of this type of terms. Their translation into the Russian language is accompanied by a number of problems. The authors present the possible ways of translating eponymic terms in Russian: descriptive translation with the personal name and descriptive-explanatory translation without personal name. The first method can be effective for eponymic terms that have become traditional and understandable for every medical practitioner. This method requires the translation with transliteration of personal name. The second method, descriptive-explanatory, may be useful if there are multiple synonymic eponymic terms. This translation must take into account the field of medicine.
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Sideshova, Z. G., and I. S. Nasipov. "TRANSLATION OF UNITS OF LEXICO-SEMANTICAL FIELD “STEPPE” FROM KAZAKH INTO RUSSIAN LANGUAGE WITH THE USE OF TRANSCRIPTION/TRANSLITERATION METHODS." Vestnik Bashkirskogo universiteta 8, no. 1 (2019): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/bulletin-bsu-2019.1.31.
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Kasymzhanov, Agyn, and Benita Howell. "Kazak Scholars Organize Association of Applied Anthropology." Practicing Anthropology 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.20.1.y101755754208604.
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Editorial note: Kazakhstan emerged from fifty years of Soviet rule following the collapse of the former Soviet Union to become the Republic of Kazakstan (the new transliteration from the Turkic Kazak language rather than from Russian is itself symbolic of independence). Scholars in the new republic turned to the task of reorganizing universities, redefining disciplines, and applying their work to national problem solving. Culturally, Kazaks are reasserting their Islamic religious identity that was submerged during the Soviet era. They are restoring mosques and shrines not only as places of worship, however, but as important symbols of cultural heritage that document Kazak claims to their rightful place in the Islamic world Increasing numbers of pilgrims are visiting shrines, for example, the 600 year old Masoleum of Kodzha Akhmed Yassawi in the city of Turkistan, built by the order of Timur (Tamerlaine). The Kazaks hope to develop a heritage tourism industry around the architectural monuments and archeological sites that attest to their long, rich cultural history.
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Квач, Ю. А. "Peculiarities of Industry-Specific Terms Translation from English into Russian (on the basis of construction terminology)." Иностранные языки в высшей школе, no. 1(56) (April 13, 2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2021.56.1.007.
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В статье рассматриваются способы перевода английских строительных терминов на русский язык, семантические и структурные различия строительных терминов в английском языке и их русских эквивалентов. Исследование приемов, применяемых для перевода английских строительных терминов, показывает, что наиболее распространенными способами перевода простых терминов является подбор эквивалента, транскрипция и транслитерация, в то время как для перевода многокомпонентных терминов применяются различные лексические трансформации, а также перестановки и грамматические замены. Применение трансформаций позволяет учитывать типологические различия английского и русского языков, а также адекватно передавать содержание термина. Перевод многокомпонентных терминов может вызывать определенные трудности, так как для передачи их точного значения важно правильно определить границы термина, выделить главные и зависимые слова, учесть при переводе часто наблюдаемые изменения исходного количества компонентов. The article deals with means of construction terminology translation from English into Russian language. The paper presents semantic and structural differences of construction terminology in the English language and their Russian equivalents. The research of methods used for translation of English construction terminology shows that the most commonly used methods of simple terms translation are the search of equivalents, transcription and transliteration, while multicomponent terms are commonly translated with the help of different lexical transformations, transposition and grammatical substitution. Translation transformations make it possible to account for typological differences of the English and Russian languages and also to adequately convey the meaning of a term. Translation of multicomponent terms may present some problems as for delivering their precise meaning it is important to correctly define their boundaries and also to elicit nuclear and determinative components. It is worth noting that the number of components in a translated term may differ from that of the original term.
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Gavrishina, I. N., and N. V. Iakovleva. "TERMINOLOGICAL BLENDS IN FRENCH: TERM-BUILDING MODEL TYPOLOGY AND TRANSLATION METHODS." Title in english 17, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-1-17-5-12.
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Te article is focused on the study of terminological blends (TB). Blending is viewed as one of the term-building models, different from other similar methods of the word formation (compounding and abbreviation). Te reasons of the new terminological blends formation in the language are elucidated. Special attention is paid to the analysis of TB structural and semantic features, and there is put forward the typology based of morphological, semantic and phonological criteria. Te study reveals that the most frequent type of terms under consideration is constructed according to the following model: partial TB formed as a result of blending with clipping of the frst term and the second term retained entirely, without phonological overlap, in which the second component semantically dominates. In conclusion the authors analyse difculties that occur when TB content is transmitted to the Russian language and discuss the main methods of TB translation: transcription or transliteration, calque, adequate substitution, descriptive translation. Te article may be of scientifc interest for linguists who specialise in terminology, word formation and translation studies, as well as of practical interest for translation teachers.
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Tepkeev, Vladimir T., and Evgeny V. Bembeev. "“I Greatly Rejoiced When Our Business Was to Be Resolved by a Decree of the Great White Tsar...”: Letters of the Kalmyk Khan Ayuka to the Emperor Peter Alekseevich and Chancellor G. I. Golovkin (1714)." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2020): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-1-223-235.
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The article addresses written evidence of the Russian-Kalmyk relations in the early 18th century. It is to introduce into scientific use new documentary sources belonging that period when the epistolary written tradition of the Kalmyk nobility was at its apogee. While studying these sources, not only a brief historical description of the period has been provided, but also methods of paleographic identification of manuscripts and archaeographic analysis of the monuments of Old Kalmyk writing have been used. The article publishes transliteration, translation, and two copies of the original letters of Kalmyk Khan Ayuka: one addressed to the Emperor Peter Alekseevich, another to the Chancellor Gavriil Ivanovich Golovkin. Both letters have been found in the Kalmyk Affairs Foundation of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. The letters were delivered to Moscow by the Kalmyk embassy led by Hojim (1714). Until now their contents have remained unknown to the wide array of researchers. The documents contain information on the difficult situation on the Russo-Turkish frontier after the signing of the Adrianople Peace Treaty in 1713. Participation of the 20,000 Kalmyk cavalry in the Kuban campaign against the Nogais (1711) incited the latter to retaliate. Kalmyk areas on the Lower Volga were constantly threatened the Kuban Nogais, which forced Ayuka Khan to ask for Russian military assistance. A distinctive feature of these sources is the fact that they are written in the old-Kalmyk writing “Todo bichig” (“clear writing”) and end with a red square stamp granted to Ayuka Khan by Dalai Lama VI in 1698. The letters are phrased in the traditional epistolary genre typical of the official correspondence of the Kalmyk nobility of the time: despite their brevity, they brim with truth, life, dynamism, and tension. Further identification and investigation of the Kalmyk letters in the Russian archives should be a comprehensive effort of various specialists, thus setting a promising trend in the scholarship.
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Мозжегорова, Елена Николаевна, and Елена Николаевна Засецкова. "METHODS OF ADAPTATION OF SLANG UNITS INTO RUSSIAN IN THE LITERARY TRANSLATION OF M. COLE’ NOVELS." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 1(110) (March 30, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2021.110.1.007.
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Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию особенностей использования способов адаптации сленговых единиц в художественном переводе на русский язык следующих романов английской писательницы Мартины Коул: «Две женщины», «Леди киллер», «Опасная леди». В общей сложности было проанализировано 115 сленговых единиц из вышеназванных произведений. В работе были рассмотрены примеры перевода сленга и идентифицированы приемы передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык. Предметом настоящего исследования выступает адаптация сленга в художественном переводе на русский язык произведений Мартины Коул. Целью исследования являются изучение особенностей адаптации сленговых единиц при переводе художественной литературы на русский язык на материале произведений вышеуказанного автора. Для достижения поставленной цели исследования авторами были привлечены следующие методы: анализа и синтеза, сопоставительный и описательный, сравнения, метод контекстуального анализа и целостной интерпретации. В результате исследования было установлено, что в подавляющем большинстве случаев сленговые единицы удалось адаптировать к русскому языку. Самыми востребованными переводческими трансформациями для передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык явились подбор функционального аналога (в 50 случаях), дисфемистический перевод (в 34 случаях), эвфемистический перевод (в 21 случае), опущение (в 7 случаях) и прочие приемы перевода (калькирование, транслитерация). This article is devoted to the study of the features of the use of methods of adaptation of slang units into Russian in the literary translation of the novels of the English writer Martina Cole (“Two Women”, “The Ladykiller”, “Dangerous Lady”). The article considers the examples of slang translation and identifies the methods of translation of slang vocabulary into Russian. A total of 115 slang items from the above works were analyzed. The subject of this research is the adaptation of slang in the literary translation of the works of Martina Cole into Russian. The goal of the study is to study the features of adaptation of slang units when translating fiction into Russian based on the works of the above-mentioned author. To achieve the set goal of the study, the authors used the following methods: the method of analysis and synthesis, comparative and descriptive methods, the method of comparison, the method of contextual analysis and holistic interpretation. The study revealed that in the overwhelming majority of the cases considered, the translators managed to adopt the slang units into Russian. The most popular translation transformations for slang vocabulary into Russian are a functional analogue (50 cases), dysphemistic translation (34 cases), euphemistic translation (21 cases), omission (7 cases) and other translation techniques (tracing, transliteration, omission).
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Akif Almohadawi, Mohammed, and Hisham Ali Hussain. "Translation Techniques In Reproducing The Semantics Of Russian Political Terms(Переводческие Приемы В Воспроизведении Семантики Русскоязычных Политических Терминов )." Journal of the College of languages, no. 44 (June 1, 2021): 300–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0300.
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Political terminology differs from any other type of terminology not only in the presence of political terminology, but also in content, structure, functions and the recipient who perceives it. Taking this into account, it is inappropriate to consider the semantic difficulties of translating Russian-language political terms solely at the semantic level. In our opinion, it is inextricably linked with the lexical, syntactic and grammatical levels. If we combine all 4 levels, then the following translation techniques can be distinguished: lexical borrowing (transcription / transliteration, tracing); modulation; generalization / concretization; omission / addition; descriptive translation; conversion [Komissarov 2013]. One of the most common methods to replenish the lexical composition of the language is foreign language borrowing. The process of borrowing foreign words into any recipient language is due to a complex of lingual and extra-lingual factors, the level of speech development and its structure, the completeness of the vocabulary in the recipient language [Srebryanskaya, 2020]. Политическая терминология отличается от любого другого вида терминологии не только наличием политических терминосистем, но и содержанием, структурой, функциями и реципиентом, который ее воспринимает. Учитывая это, нецелесообразно рассматривать семантические трудности перевода русскоязычных политических терминов исключительно на семантическом уровне. По нашему мнению, он неразрывно связан с лексическим, синтаксическим и грамматическим уровнями. Если объединить все 4 уровня, то можно выделить следующие переводческие приемы: лексическое заимствование (транскрипция / транслитерация, калькирование);модуляция; генерализация / конкретизация; опущение / добавление; описательный перевод; конверсия [Комиссаров 2013]. Одним из самых распространенных способов пополнения лексического состава языка является иноязычные заимствование. Процесс заимствования иностранных слов в любой язык-реципиент обусловлен сложным комплексом лингвальных и экстралингвальных факторов, уровнем развития речи и ее структурой, полнотой словарного запаса в языке-реципиенте [Сребрянская, 2020].
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Popova, Oleksandra. "TRANSLATION SPECIFICITIES OF THE INNOVATIVE CHINESE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMS (ON THE MATERIAL OF CHINESE, ENGLISH, GERMAN, UKRAINIAN AND RUSSIAN)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2021, no. 32 (2021): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2021-32-7.
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The article is devoted to the study of the translation specificities of rendering the innovative Chinese scientific and technical terms into English, German, Ukrainian and Russian. The tactical and strategic vectors determining the manifestation of scientific and technical discourse have been specified; the notions “terms”, “terminology”, “scientific and technical discourse” have been clarified. We associate terms with the exact linguistic designation of specialised concepts expressed by nouns, nominative, verbal and adverbial phrases. We identify terminology as an aggregate / set of terms that function within scientific, technical and other professional fields. Scientific and technical discourse is determined through the prism of its dual nature (linguistic and extralinguistic) as a discourse of science and technology, a scientifically-driven discourse, the extralinguistic background of which is associated with the prerequisites for launching innovative scientific (and technical) projects, alongside intrastate development and intergovernmental cooperation. The linguistic features of the terms under study and the translation construct used while reproducing them from Chinese into English, German, Ukrainian and Russian have been characterised. We define the strategy of communicatively equivalent / equivalent translation as the leading one in terms of implementing the communicative intention of the author of the source (original) text in the target language. The article analyses translation tactics which can contribute to an adequate perception of a scientific message: the tactics of transferring cognitive information; the tactics of correct information layout (in accordance with the norms of the target language). The author specifies common translation transformations enabling adequate reproduction of innovative Chinese terms in Germanic and Slavonic languages: transliteration (transcription, transcoding), equivalent translation, analogue, loan translation, descriptive translation.
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Pošeiko, Solvita. "Ergonyms of Educational and Cultural spheres in two of Baltic States cities." Journal of Education Culture and Society 5, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20141.299.311.
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Daugavpils (Latvia) and Narva (Estonia) are cities in the Baltic States and signifi cant cultural and economic centres of their respective countries. These cities are characterized by a minority of nationals (19.8% of residents of Daugavpils are Latvian, 4% of residents of Narva are Estonian) and a similar linguistic situation: there is a dominance of Russian in the press, television and radio, but the state language prevails in the urban language signs.The aim of the study is to analyse the linguistic and extralinguistic means used for the creation of ergonyms of educational and cultural spheres. The main criteria for the analysis are: language choice, grammatical structures, sources of precedent and semantic groups. The data for this study were collected in city websites. Some conclusions: 1) Mixed proper names (the direct name and symbolical name) prevail: in Daugavpils there are more mixed names in the fi eld of education, while in Narva there are more mixed names in the culture sphere. Onymization of nomenclature names can be observed. 2) Ergonyms are mostly created in the offi cial language. In Narva, there is explicit use of Russian (directly as the fi rst/second or third language and indirectly – in transliteration). 3) In symbolical names, there are more lexemes representing or characterizing wildlife, while in Narva also the potential of mythology, literature and cinema is used. Denotative precedent is more often found in the names of informal educational institutions and the cultural sphere, connotative precedent – in the names of kindergartens. 4) In general, it must be concluded that the specifi c things characteristic to the local environment are used more often in Narva, while respecting the unique experience of minorities.
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Belova, Olga V., and Maria V. Yasinskaya. "Anthroponymy and Toponymy in Memorial Epigraphy of Podlasie." Вопросы Ономастики 18, no. 1 (2021): 62–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.1.002.
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The paper presents an analysis of personal and place names on the tombstones of necropolises surveyed during a three-year fieldwork in Podlasie province (Hajnówka region), the area of high concentration of Orthodox East Slavic population. Apart from reflecting local dialect features specific to the East Slavic language situation on the Polish-East Slavic borderland, these epigraphic inscriptions made in Cyrillic are also a confessional marker that is highly relevant to the regional Orthodox population’s self-identification. Tombstone inscriptions evidence to the overlapping of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian (Church Slavonic), and Polish language contexts. Graphics (Cyrillic) and spelling features of different types of tombstone onyms not only give a picture of ethno-confessional and ethno-linguistic contacts, but also reflect live pronunciation captured in writing. Regarding personal name as a core component of the epitaph and analyzing specific examples, the authors address the following questions: 1) what do graphics and spelling convey in each particular case — the sound form of a name or toponym, writing traditions, focus on a particular spelling norm? 2) what is the reason for the variability in the spelling of the same name, surname, toponym? 3) can we trace the general trends in personal and place names rendering in the local tradition under study? 4) what effect does the Polish (state) language have in the texts that do not aim to comply with Belarusian, Ukrainian or Russian literary spelling norm? In the epigraphy of the studied region, there is a clear preference for using different spelling systems (not necessarily consistent), as reflected in the use of the letters и, ы, i in different combinations. Hence, the Polish spelling sometimes affects the Cyrillic transliteration of some names and surnames.
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Abduzhemilev, Refat R. "Crimean Tatar-Danish diplomacy in the documents of the Crimean Khanate." Crimean Historical Review, no. 1 (2020): 180–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2020.1.180-210.
Full textAbstract:
The rubric presents original in language and style yarlyks and letters of the Crimean Khanate’s ruling elite, with the translation into Russian, reflecting the Crimean Tatar-Danish contacts in the 17th century (Latinographic transliteration and translation by R. R. Abduzhemilev). Materials were collected from the stocks of the Reichsarchives (Imperial Archives) in Copenhagen (Denmark) and they were published by Josef Matuz in a book “Krimtatarische Urkunden im Reichsarchiv zu Kopenhagen: Mit historisch-diplomatischen und sprachlichen Untersuchungen”. Freiburg: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1976. 348 + 34 s. [“Crimean Tatar Documents in the Reichsarchives in Copenhagen: with Historical- Diplomatic and Linguistic Researches”. Freiburg: Klaus Schwartz Verlag, 1976. 348+34 p.]. The book’s contents cover the following issues: A. Crimean Khanate of the mid 17the century. B. Diplomatic relations between the Crimean Khanate and Denmark in the second half of the 17 the century. C. Crimean diplomatic customs in dealings with Denmark. D. Attempting diplomacy of relevant Crimean documents. E. On the language of documents: preliminary notes, phonetics, morphology, syntax comments, vocabulary comments, conclusions. F. Documents: preservation of documents, publication of the original Crimean Tatar letters from the Copenhagen Reichsarchives, preliminary notes, documents 1–27. G. Records of the non-Turkish materials. H. Sources and bibliography. I. Index: personalities and dynasties, place names, peoples, languages and geographical terms, words and objects, linguistics, authors and works. J. Tables.
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Abduzhemilev, Refat R. "Tatar-Danish diplomacy in the documents of the Crimean Khanate. Part 2." Crimean Historical Review, no. 2 (2020): 185–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2020.2.185-213.
Full textAbstract:
The rubric presents original in language and style yarlyks and letters of the Crimean Khanate’s ruling elite, with the translation into Russian, reflecting the Crimean Tatar-Danish contacts in the 17th century (Latinographic transliteration and translation by R. R. Abduzhemilev). Materials were collected from the stocks of the Reichsarchives (Imperial Archives) in Copenhagen (Denmark) and they were published by Josef Matuz in a book “Krimtatarische Urkunden im Reichsarchiv zu Kopenhagen: Mit historisch-diplomatischen und sprachlichen Untersuchungen”. Freiburg: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1976. 348 +34 s. [“Crimean Tatar Documents in the Reichsarchives in Copenhagen: with Historical– Diplomatic and Linguistic Researches”. Freiburg: Klaus Schwartz Verlag, 1976. 348+34 p.]. The book’s contents cover the following issues: A. Crimean Khanate of the mid 17the century. B. Diplomatic relations between the Crimean Khanate and Denmark in the second half of the 17the century. C. Crimean diplomatic customs in dealings with Denmark. D. Attempting diplomacy of relevant Crimean documents. E. On the language of documents: preliminary notes, phonetics, morphology, syntax comments, vocabulary comments, conclusions. F. Documents: preservation of documents, publication of the original Crimean Tatar letters from the Copenhagen Reichsarchives, preliminary notes, documents 1–27. G. Records of the non-Turkish materials. H. Sources and bibliography. I. Index: personalities and dynasties, place names, peoples, languages and geographical terms, words and objects, linguistics, authors and works. J. Tables.
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Zernetskaya, Olga, and Pavel Zernetskiy. "Intrinsic Senses of Early 21st Century Global Internet Discourse." Respectus Philologicus 23, no. 28 (April 25, 2013): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2013.23.28.4.
Full textAbstract:
This article tackles, for the first time, the phenomenon of the intrinsic senses ofglobal internet discourse. The interrelations of artificial and natural languages are analyzed. The notion of the “sewing” senses of the Internet i.e., those containing new, often-used concepts originated from natural languages (English, Russian, Ukrainian, etc.)—is introduced, and their contrastive analysis is carried out. The processes that take place when modifying the senses of already known words and creating new ones show the great influence of modern scientific technologies in general on the global multicultural sense field. All of this is actualized as tackling the issues of producing and translating senses in English internet discourse (English being the main language of the global Internet environment), as solving the problems of their translation with certain modifications into different languages of the world. The article considers various cross-cutting senses, such as web, net, cyber, blogger, etc. It analyzes the history of their appearance ininternet discourse, the expansion of their meanings, and their transformations. It is necessary to emphasize that the terms of internet discourse are inherited from the English language by means of transliteration. In rare cases, such borrowings are semantic calques. When broadcasting internet senses to other subsystems, these senses undergo various semantic processes—evolution, modification, expansion, narrowing, lowering or raising of their statuses (from the established professional terms to slang)—when they enter other, non-Internet discourses, such as social, political, economic, youth.
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Gosteva, Z. "Перевод отраслевых терминов: исследование терминологии судостроения и судоремонта (на английском языке)." Иностранные языки в высшей школе, no. 3(54) (December 18, 2020): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2020.54.3.003.
Full textAbstract:
Building on existing studies the paper outlines some linguistic properties of terminology — features that differentiate terms from other lexical (non-terminological) units and uses them to examine highly specialized shipbuilding terms in the English and Russian languages. The author focuses on the lexical, grammatical, namely, morphosyntactic, dissimilarities between the terms in the two languages: different number of terminoelements in compound terms, mismatches in the lexical meaning of the principal elements, terminoelements belonging to different parts of speech and having different grammatical forms. The investigation into techniques used to translate shipbuilding terms indicates that the most common methods are equivalent translation — whereincounterparts constitute ideal terms as they are monosemantic, context-independent, fully coinciding in meaning — using hyponyms or superordinates and translation by means of transcription and transliteration. Опираясь на существующие исследования, автор отмечает важнейшие языковые свойства терминов, особенности, которые отличают термины от других лексических (нетерминологических) единиц. Эти признаки используются для изучения узкоспециальных судостроительных терминов в английском и русском языках. Автор фокусируется на лексических, грамматических, а именно морфосинтаксических различиях между терминами в двух языках: различное количество компонентов в терминах-словосоче-таниях, несоответствия в лексическом значении основных компонентов словосочетаний, разная частеречная принадлежность терминоэлементов и различия в грамматических формах компонентов. Исследование приемов, используемых для перевода терминов судостроения, показывает, что наиболее распространенными методами являются перевод при помощи эквивалента, при котором межъязыковые соответствия представляют собой идеальные термины, поскольку они однозначны, не зависят от контекста и семантически идентичны, а также использование гипонимов, гиперонимов и перевод с помощью транскрипции и транслитерации.
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Mesheznikov, A. V. "An Unpublished Fragment SI 4645 of the Sanskrit Lotus Sutra from the Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS." Orientalistica 4, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2021-4-2-419-433.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides a study of a newly discovered manuscript fragment from the Serindia Collection (IOM, RAS), containing the Sanskrit text of the Lotus Sutra. Currently, the group of the Sanskrit Lotus Sutra manuscripts from the Serindia Collection comprises 28 items. Some folios and fragments among them remain unpublished. The goal of the article is to introduce to the specialists a previously unpublished fragment of the Sanskrit Lotus Sutra. This manuscript fragment is preserved in the Oldenbourg sub-collection (part of the Serindia Collection), call mark SI 4645. According to the documents from the IOM RAS archive, this fragment was acquired by Serguei F. Oldenbourg in Kizil-Karga during his first expedition to Eastern Turkestan (1909-1910). The text of the manuscript is an excerpt from the 4th chapter of the Lotus Sutra, which contains “The Parable of the Prodigal Son”. The article provides facsimile reproduction of the fragment SI 4645 accompanied by transliteration and translation into Russian. It also outlines the physical features of the manuscript, provides a brief description of the text of the fragment SI 4645 and offers its comparison with the other well-known texts of the Lotus Sutra. The comparison of the fragment with several texts representing two Sanskrit “editions” (versions) of the Lotus Sutra shows that the fragment SI 4645 stands closer to the Gilgit-Nepalese “edition” of the Sutra, while the majority of the Lotus Sutra manuscripts from the Serindia Collection reveal features of the Central Asian “edition”.
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Horoshko, Veronika, and Тetiana Korolova. "PECULIARITIES OF RENDERING OF ENGLISH TELL-TALE AND PUN NAMES IN TRANSLATIONS OF T. PRATCHETT’S BOOKS." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 31 (December 2020): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-31-6.
Full textAbstract:
The relevance of our research is based on the growing popularity of the fantasy comedy genre. Since modern readers are more and more interested in foreign literature, translators are faced with the task of creating an adequate translation that will accurately reproduce the personal style and all the elements of a separate universe created by an author, as well as convey the meaning that the author puts in his works to his readers. Since the main feature of Terry Pratchett’s personal style is the use of pun and tell-tale names in his works, thus arises the question of proper translation of this particular vocabulary. This work is devoted to the study of the culture of English proper names, mostly pun and tell-tale names; and analysis of translation choices for such vocabulary in the works of Russian translators. The dominance of the semantic translation method is determined by extensive use of occasionalism in Pratchett’s works. As for transcription/transliteration or their mixing — the translator uses them if he doesn’t see any meaning behind a particular character name. In some cases, it is possible to talk about the creative component of the translated text, about bringing a translator’s personality to the novel. This individuality does not distort Pratchett’s personal style and his original solutions, which appear in translation. The purpose of this work is to analyze the linguistic and stylistic specificsof proper names translation techniques in a series of fantasy comedy «Discoworld» from English into Russian. The paper presents an analysis of the specifics of the interpretation of pun names taking into account difficulties and cases where the translation does not match the original. The results of the study will help to avoid possible difficulties in the future and find new ways to solve them. This will help to optimize the quality oftranslation, which in turn will lead to an improvement of the quality of the final product.
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Grądzka, Anna, and Alfred F. Majewicz. "Japonica w archiwaliach po Bronisławie Piłsudskim w Bibliotece PAU i PAN w Krakowie (8). Korespondencja pani Kimiko Torii do Bronisława oraz list pana Mitsugo Yokoyamy z pokładu S/S Dakota." Rocznik Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN 64 (2019): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25440500rbn.19.009.14152.
Full textAbstract:
Japonica in the Archives Left After Bronisław Piłsudski in the Cracow Pau-Pan Academic Library 8. Kimiko Torii’s Letter To Bronisław and Mitsugo Yokoyama’s Letter Written on Board S/S Dakota The present material constitutes the eighth installment of the presentation of Japanese documents preserved with Bronisław Piłsudski’s archives in the Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Lettres (PAU) and Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) in Cracow and includes two letters in facsimile, transliteration, and interpretation in Polish. The first of them has been written in Japanese but in Roman characters (rōmaji) with few insertions in French. Its author, Kimiko Torii was the wife of the renowned Japanese ethnographer and anthropologist Ryūzō Torii who traveled extensively and conducted fieldwork in many places studying numerous cultures, the Ainu, especially the Kuril Ainu, included. Bronisław was personally acquainted with the couple – Ryuzo translated (from German) and published Bronisław’s work “The Aborigines of Sakhalin” (English translation in CWBP 1, 222–235), and Bronisław went to the railway station in Tokyo to see Kimiko off on her way to Mongolia to join her husband there – both conducted research in that country but the primary reason for Kimiko was to go on invitation from a local prince to Harqin (today in Inner Mongolia in China) to replace another Japanese lady in teaching in a school for Mongolian, primarily the prince’s, children – Misako Kawahara. Both ladies left several memoir publications each on their stay and experience accumulated in Mongolia, Kimiko coauthored also some works of academic importance with Ryuzo. Basic data on all the three persons and details concerning some of the publications mentioned have been provided. The letter is personal and, explaining circumstances, constitutes a plea for excuse for failed encounter on a snowy winter evening (beginning of February 1906) at the Toriis’. The other letter has been written by a person from Hiroshima Prefecture named Mitsugo Yokoyama who happened to board S/S Dakota on the way from Japan to the USA as a stowaway. Freezing while in hiding, he was offered a warm blanket from “a Russian” which helped him to survive. The letter does not mention the donor’s name and was probably written as sort of a statement for the captain but also as a letter of the deepest gratitude toward the “Russian”. Finding the moving letter in Cracow allows a supposition that it had been handed over to Piłsudski by its receiver. Kazuhiko Sawada succeeded in tracing the lot of the then lucky beneficiary who survived the journey and his and his family hard times in America (he had six children, five of them allegedly still alive in 2005). Some remarks on the language of the letters and on Bronisław’s nature have also been made. It is the first among all so-far published installments in the Japonica series emerging in co-authorship: Ms. Anna Grądzka prepared the tentative versions of the decipherment of the manuscript originals, and their transliterations and translations within the framework of her MA thesis in Japanese studies at Nicoalus Copernicus University in Toruń.
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Lvova, S. D., and L. N. Gerasimova. "Experience of Developing a database of storytellers of the Yakut Epos." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 3 (March 27, 2021): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-3-231-243.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the analysis of the basic principles of compiling the database “Olonkhosuts of Yakutia of the 17th—20th centuries” — about the storytellers of the Yakut national epic are presented. The relevance of the research is determined by some difficulties in the systematization and design of the information content of the repository. A brief overview of the history of the study of the personalities of Yakut storytellers is given, the stages of database development are discussed in detail. It is noted that as a result of the generalization of the material a reference book that contains more than 1300 names of storytellers of the 17th-20th centuries was published by the team of the Olonkho Research Institute of M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. Problems identified in the process of filling in the cells are described. Particular attention is paid to entering data in the national language, their transliteration and translation into Russian. The definition of the types of the second names of olonkhosuts is given, the expediency of allocating a separate field for nicknames-pseudonyms reflecting the status and popular recognition of the talent of the narrator is substantiated. A sample database table on olonkhosuts is presented. As a result of the study, the parameters for selecting data for inclusion in the repository were compiled, the need for additional research work to identify the facts of the change of residence of olonkhosuts was determined, and recommendations were proposed for improving the principles of information content of the database.
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Abduzhemilev, R. R. "THE DEFENSE OF THE BORDER FORTRESSES OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND THE CRIMEAN KHANATE IN 1689 AND 1695 ACCORDING TO THE CHRONICLE «TARIKH-I MEHMED GERAY»." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 6 (72), no. 4 (2020): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2020-6-4-3-13.
Full textAbstract:
In the article the fragments of the chronicle «Tarikh-i Mehmed Geray» of the Crimean historian Dervish Mehmed bin Mubarek Geray Chingizi, the content of which covers the description of the foreign policy of Peter the Great in the south at the end of the XVII century, are examined. The copy of the work has been preserved in the Austrian National Library. The material for analysis is the publication in Turkish of the master’s work of Ughur Demir «Tarikh-i Mehmed Giray» (assessment – transliteration of the text)» (consultant: Prof. Dr. Nejdet Oztürk, Istanbul, 163 pages). The translation from the Ottoman into Russian is carried out by R. Abduzhemilev. In the introductory part of the article, the source is described: the author’s personality, writing period, marking and volume of the manuscript, text script, and versatility of the contents. The works of the orientalists, where the chronicle is presented in the scientific-research context, are noted. The author focuses on the military campaigns during the reign of Peter I in the south at the end of the XVIIth century (the siege of the fortresses of Or, Dogan and Azak). The events described in the text: the struggle for the Or fortress, the refusal of Khan el-Haj Selim Geray to participate in the Ottoman campaign, the direction of the tsar’s troops from the north, the readiness of the troops of the Crimean Khanate to repel the siege, the negotiations of the parties, the siege of the Dogan fortress, the Azov fortress, an offensive from the sea, the defense of the strategic positions of the Crimean Khanate and Ottoman Empire.
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Muzraeva, Delyash N. "About the Collection of Tibetan and Mongolian Written Sources Donated to the Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAN by E. B. Ubushiev: Using Donation Inscriptions to Touch Up the Portrait of Donator." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2018): 1206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-4-1206-1216.
Full textAbstract:
The article studies documents from the scientific archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences with its acquisitions of late 1960s – early 1980s. Collection of old-written sources in Oriental languages (Tibetan, Oyirad and Mongolian) occupies a special place in the archival collection; it is concentrated in 2 fonds (fond 15 and 8). Fond 15 consists of personal library of a famous Kalmyk priest Tugmyud-gavji (O. M. Dordzhiev) (1887—1980); it has been well-studied in a number of publications. As for fond 8, it consists of handwritten and printed materials acquired from different owners over years of the research center (formerly Institute) work; there is next to nothing known of the documents provenance. Content of the documents in both fonds is related to Buddhism, traditional religion of the Kalmyks for the last 400 years: there are examples of Buddhist book-learning, mainly in Tibetan and Mongolian languages; there are also manuscripts using ‘todo bi?iq’ (‘Clear Script’) writing, which were created in the middle of the 17th century. The article also describes manuscripts and xylographs in Tibetan and Mongolian languages which were donated to the Institute by priest Erdni Bakaldykovych Ubushiev (1905—1981). A distinctive feature of these written sources is abundance of inscriptions on the marginalias, most of which are donator's gift inscriptions — a phenomenon quite rare for Buddhist books. The article cites a number of such records and provides their transliteration and translation. The author tries to find out what motivated the donator, what goals he pursued when using these books and when transferring them for archival usage and storage. Manuscripts and xylographs from fond 8 enrich our understanding of the composition of Buddhist writings of the Kalmyks and of the history of diffusion of individual texts. Great source studies value of this fond lies in what we can learn about donators from inscriptions of ownership and donation inscriptions on the documents.