Academic literature on the topic 'Translocation direction'

The publication of Reintroduction Biology of Australian and New Zealand Fauna nearly 20 years ago introduced the new science of ‘reintroduction biology’. Since then, there have been vast changes in our understanding of the process of reintroductions and other conservation-driven translocations, and corresponding changes in regulatory frameworks governing translocations. 
 
 Advances in Reintroduction Biology of Australian and New Zealand Fauna is a timely review of our understanding of translocation from an Australasian perspective, ensuring translocation becomes an increasingly effective conservation management strategy in the future. Written by experts, including reintroduction practitioners, researchers and policy makers, the book includes extensive practical advice and example case studies, identifies emerging themes and suggests future directions. 
 
 Conservation practitioners and researchers, as well as conservation management agencies and NGOs will find the book a valuable resource. Although it is based on Australasian examples, it will be of interest globally due to synergies with reintroduction programs throughout the world.
 
 2015 Whitley Awards Certificate of Commendation for Conservation Biology.

Displacement of soil particles by erosion can be seen as a major threat to the quality of agricultural land in the conditions of Czech Republic. While the effects of water and wind erosion have long been investigated and reported, the effect of soil tillage technology on soil particles translocation are relatively new area of agriculture research. Soil tillage may contribute to the undesirable translocation of soil particles towards lower-lying parts of fields especially on slopes. The effect of soil tillage implements on soil particle translocation has not been sufficiently explained yet. The object of this research was to assess the influence of different operating speed of power harrow on soil particle translocation during secondary tillage (soil preparation). Measurements to determine the displacement of soil particles were performed in location Nesperská Lhota in the Central Bohemia Region. Measurements were performed on a sandy loam cambisol after harvest spring cereals (oat for sillage production). To indicate displacement of soil particles was used grit of white limestone (size 10-16 mm). Limestone was put down into the trench with known position orthogonal to the direction of working operations. Subsequently were performed working operations in the specified sequence. Limestone particles were counted and weighed in each section. It was detected by measuring the different nature of displacement. Statistical significance of differences in the weight of translocated particles was evaluated for different operating speeds of power harrow from 4.5 to 12 km.h-1.

All-atom steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations provide the means to study the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) translocation through graphene nanopores at a controllable speed. The ssDNA is pulled by an elastic force similar to the manipulation by an AFM tip. At the same time, an electric field is applied across the reservoir along the direction of the pulling force, in order to hold the ssDNA strand taut and drive the ions in the solutions through the nanopore. By monitoring and analyzing the average ionic current blockage of poly(dA)10, poly(dC)10, poly(dG)10 and poly(dT)10, it is found that one can indeed discriminate the different DNA bases from each other by holding each nucleotide in the pore for sufficiently long time. It is obtained the average blocked ionic currents can be listed, in a increasing order, as IG<IA<IT, which is almost in agreement with the order of sizes of the four nucleotides (VG>VA>VT>VC), apart from C. The results indicate that physical occupancy of the nucleotide plays the major role in affecting average blocked ionic current when the DNA translocation speed is effectively slowed down. This work provides a clue for the further investigation to realize the discrimination of the four nucleotides by the method of actively controlling DNA molecule translocation speed through the nanopores.