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Journal articles on the topic 'Transmission Line Insulators'
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1
Dolník, Bystrík, Ľuboš Šárpataky, Iraida Kolcunová, and Peter Havran. "Sensing Method Using Multiple Quantities for Diagnostic of Insulators in Different Ambient Conditions." Sensors 22, no. 4 (February 11, 2022): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041376.
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Insulators are one of the many components responsible for the reliability of electricity supply as part of transmission and distribution lines. Failure of the insulator can cause considerable economic problems that are much greater than the insulator cost. When the failure occurs on the transmission line, a large area can be without electricity supply or other transmission lines will be overloaded. Because of the consequences of the insulator’s failure, diagnostics of the insulator plays a significant role in the reliability of the power supply. Basic diagnostic methods require experienced personnel, and inspection requires moving in the field. New diagnostic methods require online measurement if it is possible. Diagnostic by measuring the leakage current flowing on the surface of the insulator is well known. However, many other quantities can be used as a good tool for diagnostics of insulators. We present in this article results obtained on the investigated porcelain insulators that are one of the most used insulation materials for housing the insulator’s core. Leakage current, dielectric loss factor, capacity, and electric charge are used as diagnostic quantities to investigate porcelain insulators in different pollution conditions and different ambient relative humidity. Pollution and humidity are the main factors that decrease the insulator´s electric strength and reliability.
2
Zhang, Zhaoyun, Hefan Chen, and Shihong Huang. "Detection of Missing Insulator Caps Based on Machine Learning and Morphological Detection." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031557.
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Missing insulator caps are the key focus of transmission line inspection work. Insulators with a missing cap will experience decreased insulation and mechanical strength and cause transmission line safety accidents. As missing insulator caps often occur in glass and porcelain insulators, this paper proposes a detection method for missing insulator caps in these materials. First, according to the grayscale and color characteristics of these insulators, similar characteristic regions of the insulators are extracted from inspection images, and candidate boxes are generated based on these characteristic regions. Second, the images captured by these boxes are input into the classifier composed of SVM (Support Vector Machine) to identify and locate the insulators. The accuracy, recall and average accuracy of the classifier are all higher than 90%. Finally, this paper proposes a processing method based on the insulator morphology to determine whether an insulator cap is missing. The proposed method can also detect the number of remaining insulators, which can help power supply enterprises to evaluate the degree of insulator damage.
3
Shen, Weihao. "Simulation Research on Electric Field Distribution of Insulator String in ULTRA High Voltage Transmission Line." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2108, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2108/1/012024.
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Abstract Insulators are one of the important components of overhead transmission lines. Because of their excellent characteristics, insulators have obvious advantages in the selection of external insulation in UHV AC transmission projects. The potential distribution of insulator string is not even due to the shape characteristics of insulator string, the structure of metal tool, the low conductivity of silicon rubber material and the stray capacitance between insulator string and wire, iron tower and metal tool. When the surface field intensity of insulators and fittings exceeds the initial field intensity, corona discharge will occur, which will affect the electromagnetic environment and the operation characteristics of insulating materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine the potential distribution of insulator strings of UHV transmission lines for detecting low and zero value insulators, implementing voltage equalization measures effectively, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. Based on Ansys software of 500kv transmission line insulator string, this paper establishes a three-dimensional model, the method of using finite element numerical simulation respectively with no equalizing ring and equalizing ring in both cases the umbrella skirt on simulation, the distribution of electric field along the roots, and further studies the equalizing ring the effect of different parameters on the electric field distribution. Finally, an optimal solution is established.
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Nie, Yi Xiong, Xian Gang Peng, and Xiao Ning Xu. "Research on the Detection of Faulty Insulator Strings." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 895–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.895.
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A series of experiments on the corona current pulse appearing on insulators under various contamination conditions with AC voltage of different amplitude are described. The corona current pulses were found to follow the Gaussian distribution and can be used to distinguish the faulty insulators from normal insulator strings in transmission line. The probability formulas about the corona current pulses have been studied in detail. They can be used as a kind of criterions to detect the faulty insulators. With several established fuzzy membership functions of humidity and contamination through data from experiments, it is proved that the insulation state could be estimated from the transmission line insulator strings by the fuzzy logical reasoning. This method has been verified in the laboratory by simulating work conditions of insulator strings on an 110kV transmission line and has the advantage of safety and convenience.
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Lei, Ting, Zhiwen Xie, Ke Wang, Liqiang Zhong, and Dekai Chen. "Control and application of ultra-high voltage insulator cleaning and detecting robot." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2087, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2087/1/012044.
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Abstract With the development of global energy Internet and demand for UHV transmission, uHV transmission lines will increase rapidly and become more and more important for national economic development. The uHV transmission lines will increase year by year and become increasingly important to the economic development of the country. It is necessary to study the cleaning and detection technology of transmission line insulators that the insulators of UHVDC transmission lines such as large leakage rate, low detection efficiency and difficult cleaning of insulators. Therefore, the development of uhv transmission line insulator hot-line cleaning robot and detection integration has important engineering significance and practical value to improve the level of the operation of the uhv power transmission engineering maintenance, safe and reliable operation of the protection of uhv transmission lines. In this paper, the research on the integrated robot for live cleaning and detection of uHV transmission line insulators will greatly promote the live operation of UHV transmission lines in China. It can be directly applied to the live operation of UHV DC and can be promoted nationwide.
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Ma, Yunpeng, Qingwu Li, Lulu Chu, Yaqin Zhou, and Chang Xu. "Real-Time Detection and Spatial Localization of Insulators for UAV Inspection Based on Binocular Stereo Vision." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020230.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become important tools for power transmission line inspection. Cameras installed on the platforms can efficiently obtain aerial images containing information about power equipment. However, most of the existing inspection systems cannot perform automatic real-time detection of transmission line components. In this paper, an automatic transmission line inspection system incorporating UAV remote sensing with binocular visual perception technology is developed to accurately detect and locate power equipment in real time. The system consists of a UAV module, embedded industrial computer, binocular visual perception module, and control and observation module. Insulators, which are key components in power transmission lines as well as fault-prone components, are selected as the detection targets. Insulator detection and spatial localization in aerial images with cluttered backgrounds are interesting but challenging tasks for an automatic transmission line inspection system. A two-stage strategy is proposed to achieve precise identification of insulators. First, candidate insulator regions are obtained based on RGB-D saliency detection. Then, the skeleton structure of candidate insulator regions is extracted. We implement a structure search to realize the final accurate detection of insulators. On the basis of insulator detection results, we further propose a real-time object spatial localization method that combines binocular stereo vision and a global positioning system (GPS). The longitude, latitude, and height of insulators are obtained through coordinate conversion based on the UAV’s real-time flight data and equipment parameters. Experiment results in the actual inspection environment (220 kV power transmission line) show that the presented system meets the requirement of robustness and accuracy of insulator detection and spatial localization in practical engineering.
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Ma, Yunpeng, Qingwu Li, Lulu Chu, Yaqin Zhou, and Chang Xu. "Real-Time Detection and Spatial Localization of Insulators for UAV Inspection Based on Binocular Stereo Vision." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020230.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become important tools for power transmission line inspection. Cameras installed on the platforms can efficiently obtain aerial images containing information about power equipment. However, most of the existing inspection systems cannot perform automatic real-time detection of transmission line components. In this paper, an automatic transmission line inspection system incorporating UAV remote sensing with binocular visual perception technology is developed to accurately detect and locate power equipment in real time. The system consists of a UAV module, embedded industrial computer, binocular visual perception module, and control and observation module. Insulators, which are key components in power transmission lines as well as fault-prone components, are selected as the detection targets. Insulator detection and spatial localization in aerial images with cluttered backgrounds are interesting but challenging tasks for an automatic transmission line inspection system. A two-stage strategy is proposed to achieve precise identification of insulators. First, candidate insulator regions are obtained based on RGB-D saliency detection. Then, the skeleton structure of candidate insulator regions is extracted. We implement a structure search to realize the final accurate detection of insulators. On the basis of insulator detection results, we further propose a real-time object spatial localization method that combines binocular stereo vision and a global positioning system (GPS). The longitude, latitude, and height of insulators are obtained through coordinate conversion based on the UAV’s real-time flight data and equipment parameters. Experiment results in the actual inspection environment (220 kV power transmission line) show that the presented system meets the requirement of robustness and accuracy of insulator detection and spatial localization in practical engineering.
8
Tong, Jie, Zhi Gen Xiao, Qiang Gao, and Yang Wang. "Research on Detection of Transmission Line Porcelain Insulator Based on Infrared Technology." Advanced Materials Research 1046 (October 2014): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1046.200.
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With the continuous development of infrared technology, infrared-based detection and diagnosis technology has become a new modern power equipment detection technology. Based on infrared technology, this paper proposed detection and diagnosis method of the transmission line porcelain insulators, including analysis on detection theory of IR imaging sensor, and infrared imaging map introduction. Through establishing porcelain insulator circuit calculation model, computing heating power of trouble insulators, this paper minutely analyzed the heating causes of trouble insulators. The paper provided a reference to the detection of transmission line porcelain insulators, which made it an important measure to ensure the safety and economic operation of electrical equipment.
9
Wang, Xianri, and Xinmin Yu. "Research on corrosion protection of earthing device of electric transmission line." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 04057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913604057.
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The selection of insulator is analyzed and studied in detail in combination with climate and pollution.In this paper, several comparison and selection schemes are studied in detail from the aspects of electrical performance, mechanical performance, economic performance and so on. Through the analysis of the whole life cycle and the combination of the actual situation of the project, the reasonable selection of insulators is carried out to make use of insulators to reach the optimal.
10
Xu, Changbao, Mingyong Xin, Yu Wang, and Jipu Gao. "Design and Implementation of Transmission Line Insulator Online Monitoring Platform Based on Image Analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2427, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2427/1/012034.
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Abstract The safe operation of insulators directly determines the safety level and reliability of the entire system. In this paper, digital image processing technology is used to analyze and process insulator images, and the performance of composite insulators is comprehensively evaluated from three aspects: degree of deterioration, surface pollution, and degree of water repellency, which is used as the basis for judging insulator detection. For this purpose, an insulator online monitoring system based on telemetry image analysis is specially designed to determine the degree of aging, surface pollution, and hydrophobicity of insulators and to conduct practical tests. At the same time, the system can realize the offline operation of the insulator live, avoid the danger of climbing and live trial operation, and ensure the personal safety of power maintenance personnel. The system hardware uses advanced integration technology and high-performance and reliable equipment. The software is developed using popular development tools, is simple to operate, and has important engineering value.
11
Ragaleela Dalapati Rao, Padmanabha Raju Chinda, and Meduri Kiran. "Corona and Electric Field Distribution Analysis in 400 kV Line Insulators." Advances in Technology Innovation 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46604/aiti.2021.5966.
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The performance of insulator strings in transmission lines can be improved by corona rings owing to their electric field grading property. The insulation performance of the string depends on the corona ring parameter settings. In this study, the design of a corona ring for a 400 kV non-ceramic overhead line insulator is presented. Two parameters were altered during the investigation, ring measurement (R) and ring tube breadth (r) while maintaining a constant ring height (h). Based on electric field distribution, the proposed composite insulators were compared with glass insulators. Simulation studies were performed for the insulator strings, including corona rings with different design parameters. The corona discharge and optimal configuration results were analyzed, and it was found that the electric field was lower with composite insulators.
12
Suhaimi, Saiful Mohammad Iezham, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Nouruddeen Bashir, Mohamad Kamarol Mohd Jamil, and Mohd Nazri Abdul Rahman. "Harmonic Components Analysis of Emitted Ultraviolet Signals of Aged Transmission Line Insulators under Different Surface Discharge Intensities." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 18, 2022): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030722.
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Flashover on transmission line insulators is one of the major causes of line outages due to contamination from the environment or ageing. Power utility companies practicing predictive maintenance are currently exploring novel non-contact methods to monitor insulator surface discharge activities to prevent flashover. This paper presents an investigation on the UV pulse signals detected using UV pulse sensor due to the discharges on the insulator surfaces under varying contamination levels and insulator ages. Unaged and naturally aged insulators (0 to >20 years) were artificially contaminated (none, light to heavy contamination). The electrical stresses on the insulator surfaces were varied to generate varying discharge intensity levels on the surfaces of the insulator. The DC and harmonic components of UV pulse signals detected during surface discharges were recorded and analysed. Results show a positive correlation between the discharge intensity level of contaminated and aged transmission insulators with the DC and harmonic components of the UV pulse signals. Furthermore, the study revealed that under dry insulator surface conditions, insulator ageing has a more profound effect during discharges than contamination level. The findings from this study suggest that the use of UV pulse sensors to monitor UV pulse signals emitted during insulator surface discharges can be another novel non-contact method of monitoring transmission line insulator surface conditions.
13
Zhang, Jian, Tian Xiao, Minhang Li, and Yucai Zhou. "Deep-Learning-Based Detection of Transmission Line Insulators." Energies 16, no. 14 (July 23, 2023): 5560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145560.
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At this stage, the inspection of transmission lines is dominated by UAV inspection. Insulators, as essential equipment for transmission line equipment, are susceptible to various factors during UAV detection, and their detection results often lead to leakages and false detection. Combining deep learning detection algorithms with the UAV transmission line inspection system can effectively solve the current sensing problem. To improve the recognition accuracy of insulator detection, the MS-COCO pre-training strategy that combines the FPN module with a cascading R-CNN algorithm based on the ResNeXt-101 network is proposed. The purpose of this paper is to systematically and comprehensively analyze mainstream isolator detection algorithms at the current stage and to verify the effectiveness of the improved Cascade R-CNN X101 model by combining the mAP (mean Average Precision) value and other related evaluation indices. Compared with Faster R-CNN, Retina Net, and other detection algorithms, the model is highly accurate and can effectively deal with the false detection, leakage, and non-recognition of the environment in online special detection. The research in this paper provides a new idea for intelligent fault detection of transmission line insulators and has some reference value for engineering applications.
14
Mallikarjuna, B., K. N. Ravi, and N. Vasudev. "FEM Based Electric Potential Distribution Analysis of Porcelain Insulator using MATLAB PDE tool." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 9, no. 5 (January 30, 2021): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.f5318.019521.
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In high voltage transmission porcelain materials are important one. To mount the transmission line on a transmission tower we need an insulation material. Many literatures deal about the silicon and rubber-based insulators. In this paper the porcelain is modelled as FEM model using the PDE tool and electric potential distribution is analyzed. the PDE tool come in handy to draw the shape of the insulator. In this paper the straight shed and alternate shed insulators are analyzed with the MATLAB PDE tool and results are analyzed. then using some random water droplets in the insulator, the impact is observed.
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Qiu, Zhibin, Xuan Zhu, Caibo Liao, Dazhai Shi, and Wenqian Qu. "Detection of Transmission Line Insulator Defects Based on an Improved Lightweight YOLOv4 Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 24, 2022): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031207.
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Defective insulators seriously threaten the safe operation of transmission lines. This paper proposes an insulator defect detection method based on an improved YOLOv4 algorithm. An insulator image sample set was established according to the aerial images from the power grid and the public dataset on the Internet, combining with the image augmentation method based on GraphCut. The insulator images were preprocessed by Laplace sharpening method. To solve the problems of too many parameters and low detection speed of the YOLOv4 object detection model, the MobileNet lightweight convolutional neural network was used to improve YOLOv4 model structure. Combining with the transfer learning method, the insulator image samples were used to train, verify, and test the improved YOLOV4 model. The detection results of transmission line insulator and defect images show that the detection accuracy and speed of the proposed model can reach 93.81% and 53 frames per second (FPS), respectively, and the detection accuracy can be further improved to 97.26% after image preprocessing. The overall performance of the proposed lightweight YOLOv4 model is better than traditional object detection algorithms. This study provides a reference for intelligent inspection and defect detection of suspension insulators on transmission lines.
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Cheng, Haiyan, Yongjie Zhai, Rui Chen, Di Wang, Ze Dong, and Yutao Wang. "Self-Shattering Defect Detection of Glass Insulators Based on Spatial Features." Energies 12, no. 3 (February 10, 2019): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030543.
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During an automatic power transmission line inspection, a large number of images are collected by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to detect existing defects in transmission line components, especially insulators. However, with twin insulator strings in the inspection images, when the umbrella skirts of the rear string are obstructed by the front string, defect detection becomes difficult. To solve this problem, we propose a method to detect self-shattering defects of insulators based on spatial features contained in images. Firstly, the images are segmented according to the particular color features of glass insulators, and the main axes of insulator strings in the images are adjusted to the horizontal direction. Then, the connected regions of insulators in the images are marked. After that, the vertical lengths of the regions, the number of insulator pixels in the regions, as well as the horizontal distances between two adjacent connected regions are selected as spatial features, based on which defect discriminants are formulated. Finally, experiments are performed using the proposed formula to detect self-shattering defects in the insulators, using the spatial distribution of the connected regions to locate the defects. The experiment results indicate that the proposed method has good detection accuracy and localization precision.
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Mahobia, S. K., and G. R. Kumrey. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SUSPENDED INSULATORS USING OF ALUMINOUS PORCELAIN." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 10 (February 5, 2020): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v4.i10.2017.111.
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In this paper, we are studying about insulators which are used in transmission line, distribution line, power station. the best performance of the insulator during various load are achieving , the various load such as 500 Watts, 1000Watts 1500Watts, 2000Watts, 2500 watts during time. The insulator are mounted on the upper surface of pin and attached with power supply.
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Gao, Zishu, Guodong Yang, En Li, Tianyu Shen, Zhe Wang, Yunong Tian, Hao Wang, and Zize Liang. "Insulator Segmentation for Power Line Inspection Based on Modified Conditional Generative Adversarial Network." Journal of Sensors 2019 (November 12, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4245329.
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There are a large number of insulators on the transmission line, and insulator damage will have a major impact on power supply security. Image-based segmentation of the insulators in the power transmission lines is a premise and also a critical task for power line inspection. In this paper, a modified conditional generative adversarial network for insulator pixel-level segmentation is proposed. The generator is reconstructed by encoder-decoder layers with asymmetric convolution kernel which can simplify the network complexity and extract more kinds of feature information. The discriminator is composed of a fully convolutional network based on patchGAN and learns the loss to train the generator. It is verified in experiments that the proposed method has better performances on mIoU and computational efficiency than Pix2pix, SegNet, and other state-of-the-art networks.
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Sanyal, Simpy, Taeyong Kim, Chang-Sung Seok, Junsin Yi, Ja-Bin Koo, Ju-Am Son, and In-Hyuk Choi. "Replacement Strategy of Insulators Established by Probability of Failure." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2020): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082043.
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Insulators comprise only 5% of the capital cost of transmission lines; they are accountable for 70% of line interruptions and 50% of maintenance costs of transmission lines. Major transmission lines situated in different parts of the world were mostly all constructed 30 years ago. These lines have either completed or are approaching the active life at 30 years. It is not possible to replace all insulators at a time in any utility. From a standpoint of consistency, it is quite important to locate insulators that require replacement prior to the occurrence of failure. Recalling these issues, a replacement strategy was modeled on insulator samples, operated at 154 kV, mechanical and electrical rating (M+E) 25,000 lbs and within the 10–50 years (Y) age group, collected in bulk for laboratory evaluation, based on the probability of mechanical failure (P(F)) of insulators. For conducting these studies, tensile load test such as combined electrical and mechanical failing load test was performed on selected 30 new and aged porcelain insulator samples from bulk to access recent condition. It was observed that insulators under service for 50 years manifested a decrease of 89.3% in quality factor (K), as compared to insulators within 10 years of service. A micro-structural study was carried out by using an optical microscope (OM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the further confirmation of previous evaluations. P(F) was derived by implementing Weibull distribution on the experimental observations. It was observed that insulators with an age of 50 years depicted a 2.7% increase in P(F), as compared to insulators with an age of 10 years. This article discussed a strategy for accessing the recent condition of new, aged bulk samples and the criteria of the replacement of the insulator string based on P(F).
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I. Khalel, Saraa, Mohd Fadli Rahmat, and Mohd Wazir Bin Mustafa. "Sensoring Leakage Current to Predict Pollution Levels to Improve Transmission Line Model via ANN." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp68-76.
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Pollution insulator is a serious threat to the safety operations of electric power systems. Leakage current detection is widely employed in transmission line insulators to assess pollution levels. This paper presents the prediction of pollution levels on insulators based on simulated leakage current and voltage in a transmission tower.The simulation parameters are based on improved transmission line model with leakage current resistance insertion between buses. Artificial neural network (ANN) is employed to predict the level of pollution with different locations of simulated leakage current and voltage between two buses. With a sufficient number of training, the test results showed a significant potential for pollution level prediction with more than 95% Correct Classification Rate (CCR) and output of the ANN showed high agreement with Simulink results.
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Li, Dan, Meng Zhang, and Zu Bing Tong. "Transmission Line Insulators Detection Based on KAZE Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 2184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.2184.
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Transmission Line obstacle detection technology is one of the hot spots of computer vision and transmission line inspection robot system.As the most common obstacle of inspection robot,correctly identify of insulators can help improve the reliability and accuracy of self-inspection. Low robustness of traditional detection algorithm can not meet the requirements on insulators detection when dealing with complex environment. To solve the above problem, a transmission line insulators detection method based on KAZE algorithm is given. The feature extraction is done in the nonlinear scale space, and feature vectors are formed with M-SURF algorithm, what’s more, feature vectors detecting is worked through the nearest neighbor algorithm as matching criteria and RANSC generated algorithm. Experimental results show that the effect of insulators detection algorithm based on KAZE detect faster and also make a good performance on accuracy and robustness.
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LU, YUPING, MIN YU, L. L. LAI, and XIA LIN. "A NEW FUZZY NEURAL NETWORK STRATEGY OF INSULATORS CONTAMINATION DETECTION FOR POWER SYSTEM TRANSMISSION LINE." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 22, no. 01 (February 2008): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001408006181.
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The detection of insulators contamination is difficult in power systems because many factors can influence the pollution. The contamination condition of insulators is usually estimated by detecting the root mean square (r.m.s) of surface leakage current via online-monitoring system. It ignores the influence of environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, etc. As these factors are fuzzy-characterized, a new method based on Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) is proposed to improve traditional insulation contamination detection. The renewed structure of FNN is put forward. The evaluation of contamination severity of insulators is achieved through FNN, which are trained by the field samples. The results prove the validity of the method proposed in the paper and can be used to eliminate the insulator from flashover fault and improve the condition-based maintenance (CBM).
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Li, Hui Hui, Zheng Zheng, Hong Bo Chen, Huan Bai, Hua Zhao Zhang, Jiang Jun Ruan, and Jun Wu. "Potential and Electric Field Distribution of 220kV Insulator String with a Faulty Insulator under Windage Yaw Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 521 (February 2014): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.521.317.
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Faulty insulators could appear in the HV transmission line insulator string under the comprehensive effect of electrical, mechanical and environmental factors and they can be detected according to the space potential and electric field distribution variation characteristics around the insulator string. Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to study the potential and electric field distributions of a 220kV suspension insulator string contained a zero-value insulator in windage condition, comparing with a fine insulator string. The results show that the variation of the space potential and electric field distributions of insulator string is the same as that under no windage condition. The curve of synthetic electric field along the central axis around the good insulator string is U-shape. The 10th and 11th insulators from the high-voltage end are the sensitive insulators where the distortion ratio of synthetic field strength is higher than 3%, when a faulty insulator is in the string. This result can provide preferences for the online detection of faulty insulators.
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Liu, Xiao Xia, Jun Wen, Wei Yang Yin, and Jia Liang Wen. "Comparison of External Insulation Level between AC and DC Overhead Transmission Lines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 1353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.1353.
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It is important to choose suitable insulator strings that matching the voltage level when trying to change an AC transmission line into a DC one. Historically based, most published works discuss the way of determining the number or the length of insulators for overhead transmission lines, which mainly consider about voltage levels, pollution classes, insulator types and their pollution performances. It calls for too much work for a line restructuring project. In order to simplify the work, a comparison of the choosing of insulator strings between AC and DC overhead transmission line is made in this paper. Two main results are obtained. One is that the ratio, which defined as α, of the number of insulator on DC transmission line and that on AC transmission line ranges from 1 to 2.5 with the decreasing of voltage level under the same pollution class, the other is that the value α remains substantially constant under the same voltage level, and it will decrease slightly as the pollution class increases. The results provide theoretical basis for the choosing of insulator strings in line restructuring projects.
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Faisal, Haseeb, Arshad Ali, and Muhammad Riaz. "Condition Monitoring of Outdoor High Voltage Insulators, Online and Offline Techniques: A review." NUST Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24949/njes.v14i1.627.
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Outdoor insulator plays a vital role in high voltage transmission and distribution system. The performance and properties of outdoor insulator may severely affect due to various types of pollutants. The failure of insulation in high voltage system results in loss of supply and a huge loss of electrical energy to distribution utilities. In order to reduce power losses and provide a reliable power transmission, selection and design of insulators is very important. To monitor the condition and performance of outdoor insulator in contaminated conditions an appropriate diagnostic technique is required. In this paper various online and offline techniques for conditioning monitoring of outdoor insulators are reviewed under different contaminated conditions. To maintain the healthy environment, the condition monitoring of power line insulators is an important requirement. There are number of techniques that have been introduced to fulfil this requirement. Each technique used at different contaminated condition have their own pros and cons. The findings indicate that the most important effect on the surface of the insulators based on the contamination on the surface leakage current and the flashover voltage. This paper will help in the selection and design of condition monitoring techniques for high voltage outdoor insulator.
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Li, Jia-Xiang, Hong-Nan Li, and Xing Fu. "Dynamic Behavior of Transmission Tower-Line Systems Subjected to Insulator Breakage." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 18, no. 03 (February 27, 2018): 1850036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455418500360.
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Ice loads attached to a transmission tower-line system can not only increase the vertical loads on the insulators, but also cause flashover to occur more easily. Both effects can lead to an increased probability of insulator breakage. In this paper, a finite-element model of a transmission tower-line system with three towers and four span lines under the ice loads is established. Dynamic analyses of the tower-line system after insulator breakage are performed to study the dynamic responses of the system and its failure process. In addition, a parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of span length and insulator length on the vibration of the system and the failure mode. The results show that a larger ice load can lead to more severe vibration of the tower-line system due to the insulator breakage. Moreover, as the span length increases, the insulator breakage can result in more serious consequences and even the cascading collapse of the transmission tower-line system. This study provides crucial reference for preventing the failure of transmission tower-line systems in heavy ice regions.
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Mallikarjuna, B., K. N. Ravi, V. Muralidhara, and N. Vasudev. "Electric Field and Potential Distribution of Porcelain Insulator using FEM Method." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 4 (February 28, 2021): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d8531.0210421.
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The porcelain insulators are investigated with the high voltage transmission line in outdoor condition. The MATLAB finite element simulation are used here to test the performance of the porcelain. The PDE software is helpful in modelling the porcelain insulator in two dimensional. The pollution layer in the porcelain assumed to be uniform. The simulation demonstrates the electric field and potential distribution in the porcelain insulator. The porcelain insulators have higher field distribution near to the high voltage line. The results are represented as graphs. The MATLAB 2017b comes with preinstalled PDE tool. In this paper the PDE tool is used for the results and analysis.
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Jun, Ma, Yu Liang, Shi Yonggang, Dong Gang, Gong Fuxing, Wei Kegang, Su Xin, and Ren Yushuai. "Development and Application of Live Replacement of Insulator Suspension Tool Components for Transmission Lines." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913604010.
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Transmission line insulators will reduce the insulation level and become low-value insulators because of lightning flashover. Toughened glass insulators are used in 500kV Tongfeng 1 and 2 lines in Tonghua area. Most umbrella skirts will break and fall off after lightning flashover, which greatly reduces the insulation performance. It needs to be replaced in time, but frequent blackouts will bring great losses and reduce the reliability of power supply. Aiming at the frequent lightning hazards and lightning strikes on transmission lines in Tonghua area, a tool assembly for live replacement of insulators for transmission lines is developed. Through the application of this tool, the live operation mode is adopted to eliminate such defects. The operation time can be arranged and implemented in a very timely manner, which avoids the threat of long-term defects, effectively reduces the outage time of equipment, enhances the stability of power grid, and greatly improves the reliability of power supply of lines. Finally, taking the live line insulator suspension tool as an example, the economic benefit analysis is given, and the feasibility and correctness of the tool are verified..
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Xuechun, HAN, SONG Hengdong, LEI Xmglie, and PENG Yong. "Design and Mechanics Analysis of Tools for Live Replacement of UHV Whole String Insulators." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2213, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2213/1/012024.
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Abstract The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect the contamination degree of the contact net insulator The replacement of whole string insulators is difficult tasks of live working for UHV transmission line and still remain blank. Based on the structure and layout of straight string and tensile string insulators of UHV transmission lines, this paper proposes design of tools for live replacement of the whole string insulators. Through three-dimensional simulation and analysis, the force characteristics of the various tools are determined, and developed the tools for live replacement of the whole string insulators of UHV, and the mechanical test of the tools are carried out. The test results confirm the feasibility of the tool design and the reliability of the mechanical simulation model proposed in this paper, which provides technical supports for the live replacement of UHV whole string insulators.
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Nesenyuk, Tatyana Anatolyevna, Viktor Nikolaevich Sokolov, and Petr Sergeevich Gonchar. "Pilot tests of system for RFID-control of insulators." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2022): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2022-2-103-110.
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The paper considers results of pilot tests of a system for RFID-control of bracket insulators on signalling and interlocking lines and longitudinal power supply lines on an operating railway section. The system for RFID-control includes bracket insulators with built-in RFID-indicators, a registration device and software. The aim of tests is to assess a new method of contactless control of dielectric conditions of insulators in operation on an operating power transmission line. In condition of decrease of dielectric strength the system for RFID-control fixes the fault insulator by the registration device and with the use of software determines its exact location on a controlled section of an aerial power supply line. On the first stage all studies are carried out with the use of developed prototype of a portable RFID-registrator that determines operation areas of RFID-indicators in the area of a signalling and interlocking line pole. An operator fixes response signals of insulators after every 30° moving radially after every 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 m regarding a power supply pole. As a result of studies of the first stage, the authors have developed a technology for installation of an indicator on bracket insulators of an operating power transmission line. Moreover, they have substantiated an introduction of the system for RFID-control of VL insulators in networks with insulated neutral for signals and interlocking lines and longitudinal power supply lines.
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Werneck, Marcelo M., Paulo Henrique S. Pinto, Renato T. Bellini, and Regina Célia S. B. Allil. "Optical Sensor for Monitoring Leakage Current and Weather Conditions in a 500-kV Transmission Line." Sensors 22, no. 13 (July 4, 2022): 5034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22135034.
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The leakage current (LC) caused by the surface contamination of insulators, together with environmental variables, is one of the most basic online monitoring parameters for insulator status. However, the impact of weather conditions such as temperature, air humidity, and dew point on the LC has not been deeply studied until now. In this paper, based on meteorological data obtained online and LC obtained with an optical fiber sensor, installed in 500-kV insulator strings of a transmission line, the impact of weather conditions was studied. Results indicate that the LCs follow a specific pattern, according to weather conditions. The system has been continuously monitoring LC, humidity, temperature, and dew point uninterrupted for three years, sending the acquired data to a web page; therefore, it has been demonstrated to be robust, reliable, and repetitive. The sensor features the broadband response and acquisition capabilities of partial discharge pulses in high-voltage insulators, allowing the detection of high-frequency pulses. When comparing the LC measured in this work with those from other works, our measurements are substantially higher; this is due to the type of pollution found in this specific situation, which includes iron oxide powder, producing a conductive layer over the insulator surface that, unlike sea salt, does not depend on humidity to conduct an LC. One of the conclusions reached in this work is that partial discharge surges are caused when the local temperature reaches the dew point and not simply from the presence of high humidity, as stated in many works dealing with LCs. The monitored LC can be used as an indicative parameter of a possible flashover, enabling the proper planning of insulator predictive maintenance, either by jet-washing the surface or even changing the insulators when they are damaged.
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Nesenyuk, Tatyana Anatolyevna, and Ekaterina Evgenyevna Poluyanova. "RFID-indicators for polymer stick insulators." Transport of the Urals, no. 3 (2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2020-3-82-88.
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The paper is devoted to the use of RFID-technology in electrical power engineering, in particular, for controlling the condition of high-voltage equipment of feeding transmission lines. It also describes studies on development of RFID-tag designed to indicate dielectric condition of line polymer insulator. The authors present results of tests of pilot samples of LKi-70/110-4-GP-UKhL1 polymer stick insulators with built-in RFID-indicators. The tests have been executed in accordance with the GOST R 55189-2012 requirements. As a result, the authors have made a conclusion on the possibility of using RFID-technologies for technical control of insulators on overhead transmission lines, high-voltage equipment of traction and transformer substations.
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YANG, FENGLI, JINGBO YANG, JUNKE HAN, and DONGJIE FU. "DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF TRANSMISSION TOWER-LINE SYSTEM UNDER ICE SHEDDING." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 10, no. 03 (September 2010): 461–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455410003579.
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Ice shedding from conductors may easily induce electrical and mechanical accidents, which cause a serious threat to the safe operation of transmission lines. In this paper, a 3D finite element model of tower-conductor-ground wire-insulator system was established in ANSYS, and the dynamic responses of ice shedding under different cases were analyzed for a transmission tower-line system. The computed jumping heights are in excellent agreement with the experimental values of a two span conductors model. Many variables were considered in the ice-shedding simulations that include tower-line coupled effect, phase combination of the ice-shedding conductors, thickness of the accreted ice, length of the ice-shedding span as well as elevation difference. Influences of all the variables on the dynamic responses of jumping heights, loads at the end of insulators and the forces of transmission tower were studied. Ice-shedding simulations of an actual 500 kV transmission line section which experience failure under ice shedding in 2008 were performed. The results show that stress ratios of members at the tower head under design ice thickness exceed the limiting values when the amount of shedding ice is large. For ice shedding at the top phase conductors, the jumping height and unbalanced tension at the end of insulator can be reduced by applying interphase spacers in triangular arrangement. The tower is in a safe state under the load of the design ice thickness. In order to prevent ice-shedding accidents, interphase spacers should be used, and the weak members at the tower head should be strengthened according to the calculated load values at the end of insulators.
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Hong, Xiao Bin, Gui Xiong Liu, Jian Long Xu, and Si Dong Wu. "A Multi-Scale Self-Correction Method for Leaking Current of Insulator in Electric Transmission Line." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.314.
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The insulators leakage current in transmission line can be used to characterize the filth degree of insulator surface and its accurate measurement is very important. An on-line monitor platform for insulators leakage current is introduced. Then a new multiscale self-correcting method for insulators leakage current is put forward. In this method, the leakage current information is decomposed based on multilayer and multiscale theory to gain each scale detailed signal and smooth the information in the coarsest scale at first. Furthermore, each scale detailed signal is decomposed once again and processed at different thresholds. Afterwards, the signal is reconstructed. The reconstructed detailed signal and the coarsest scale smoothed information are filtered using Kalman filter. In the end, the optimal detailed signal and the smoothed detailed signal are reconstructed and the signal is optimally estimated in the finest scale. Finally, the method was been applied to safety monitoring for a real transmission line. The results show that, compared with traditional Kalman filter method, the precision of new method raises 27%. This method has the characteristics of strong denoising ability and good robustness. It can be applied to the similar complex situation.
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Hu, Haijian, Yicen Liu, and Haina Rong. "Detection of Insulators on Power Transmission Line Based on an Improved Faster Region-Convolutional Neural Network." Algorithms 15, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15030083.
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Detecting insulators on a power transmission line is of great importance for the safe operation of power systems. Aiming at the problem of the missed detection and misjudgment of the original feature extraction network VGG16 of a faster region-convolutional neural network (R-CNN) in the face of insulators of different sizes, in order to improve the accuracy of insulators’ detection on power transmission lines, an improved faster R-CNN algorithm is proposed. The improved algorithm replaces the original backbone feature extraction network VGG16 in faster R-CNN with the Resnet50 network with deeper layers and a more complex structure, adding an efficient channel attention module based on the channel attention mechanism. Experimental results show that the feature extraction performance has been effectively improved through the improvement of the backbone feature extraction network. The network model is trained on a training set consisting of 6174 insulator pictures, and is tested on a testing set consisting of 686 pictures. Compared with the traditional faster R-CNN, the mean average precision of the improved faster R-CNN increases to 89.37%, with an improvement of 1.63%.
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Gonçalves, Rogério Sales, Murilo De Oliveira, Murilo Rocioli, Frederico Souza, Carlos Gallo, Daniel Sudbrack, Paulo Trautmann, Bruno Clasen, and Rafael Homma. "Drone–Robot to Clean Power Line Insulators." Sensors 23, no. 12 (June 13, 2023): 5529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125529.
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The inspection and maintenance of transmission systems are necessary for their proper functioning. In this way, among the line’s critical points are the insulator chains, which are responsible for providing insulation between conductors and structures. The accumulation of pollutants on the insulator surface can cause failures in the power system, leading to power supply interruptions. Currently, the cleaning of insulator chains is performed manually by operators who climb towers and use cloths, high-pressure washers, or even helicopters. The use of robots and drones is also under study, presenting challenges to be overcome. This paper presents the development of a drone–robot for cleaning insulator chains. The drone–robot was designed to identify insulators by camera and perform cleaning through a robotic module. This module is attached to the drone and carries a battery-powered portable washer, a reservoir for demineralized water, a depth camera, and an electronic control system. This paper includes a literature review on the state of the art related to strategies used for cleaning insulator chains. Based on this review, the justification for the construction of the proposed system is presented. The methodology used in the development of the drone–robot is then described. The system was validated in a controlled environment and in field experimental tests, with the ensuing discussions and conclusions formulated, along with suggestions for future work.
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Thomazini, Daniel, Raphael Ulisses Costa De Resende de Resende, Daniel Henrique Gueratto, and Maria Virginia Gelfuso. "Artificial Neural Network Assisted Digital Image Processing to Determine the Hydrophobicity of Polymeric Materials." Materials Science Forum 775-776 (January 2014): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.743.
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Hydrophobicity of polymeric insulators of high power transmission line is an important property because it is a good monitor of aging of polymeric outdoor insulator. An employee on the high-voltage transmission line makes this procedure during operation, which can lead to injuries and incorrect estimation of the insulator integrity. In this way, digital image processing is a promising and objective tool to analyze the polymer surface. In this study, two thousand pictures were taken from the wetted insulator surface and analyzed by artificial neural network assisted digital image processing. The neural network used is based on back-propagation method, and Haralicks descriptors were used to quantify the hydrophobic aspect of various polymeric aged surfaces.
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Ru, Chengyin, Shihai Zhang, Chongnian Qu, and Zimiao Zhang. "The High-Precision Detection Method for Insulators’ Self-Explosion Defect Based on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Improved Lightweight ECA-YOLOX-Tiny Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2022): 9314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12189314.
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Aiming at the application of the overhead transmission line insulator patrol inspection requirements based on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a lightweight ECA-YOLOX-Tiny model is proposed by embedding the efficient channel attention (ECA) module into the lightweight YOLOX-Tiny model. Some measures of data augmentation, input image resolution improvement and adaptive cosine annealing learning rate are used to improve the target detection accuracy. The data of the standard China power line insulator dataset (CPLID) are used to train and verify the model. Through a longitudinal comparison before and after the model improved, and a cross-sectional comparison with other similar models, the advantages of the proposed model are verified in terms of multi-target identification for normal insulators, localization for small target defect areas, and the parameters required for calculation. Finally, the comparative analysis between the proposed ECA-YOLOX-Tiny model and YOLOV4-Tiny model is given by introducing the visualization method of class activation mapping (CAM). The comparative results show that the ECA-YOLOX-Tiny model is more accurate in locating the self-explosion areas of defective insulators, and has a higher response rate for decision areas and some special backgrounds, such as the overlapping small target insulators, the insulators obscured by tower poles, or the insulators with high-similarity backgrounds.
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Li, Zhen Hui, Hong Guang Wang, Hong Zhi Zhang, and Feng Ren Jing. "Behavior Control of an Automatic Inspection Robot for Insulators." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1309.
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This paper presents an automatic inspection robot for insulators installed on 500kV power transmission lines. In order to detect the poor insulators automatically, the robot’s behaviors are analyzed, and a behavior control model based on Finite State Machine (FSM) is established. Moreover, an exception handling method is proposed based on sensors and timers. The results of experiments in the laboratory prove that the control methods mentioned above are correct and valid. Experiments on a 500kV transmission live line show that the inspection robot can not only automatically move along the double insulator strings with variable intervals, but also reliably handle the abnormal conditions including slipping, power shortage, deadlocking, sensor abnormity, and probe loosening.
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Li, Li, Wei Jiang, and Hua Jin Cao. "Galloping of Transmission Tower-Line System and Anti-Galloping Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2666.
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A nonlinear finite element model of transmission tower-line coupling system including transmissions, towers and insulators is established based on ANSYS in this paper. The restarting technology is proposed to solve the vertical, horizontal and torsional galloping of the transmission conductors. Under the condition of different wind velocity, galloping of tower line system is performed to get amplitude of the transmissions and internal forces of the transmission towers. Based on the typical case, the galloping control measures of using interphase spacers and multi-point weighting are performed. Various layouts projects of the galloping control measures are carried out and the effective ones are attained.
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Han, Jiaming, Zhong Yang, Qiuyan Zhang, Cong Chen, Hongchen Li, Shangxiang Lai, Guoxiong Hu, et al. "A Method of Insulator Faults Detection in Aerial Images for High-Voltage Transmission Lines Inspection." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9102009.
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Insulator faults detection is an important task for high-voltage transmission line inspection. However, current methods often suffer from the lack of accuracy and robustness. Moreover, these methods can only detect one fault in the insulator string, but cannot detect a multi-fault. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for insulator one fault and multi-fault detection in UAV-based aerial images, the backgrounds of which usually contain much complex interference. The shapes of the insulators also vary obviously due to the changes in filming angle and distance. To reduce the impact of complex interference on insulator faults detection, we make full use of the deep neural network to distinguish between insulators and background interference. First of all, plenty of insulator aerial images with manually labelled ground-truth are collected to construct a standard insulator detection dataset ‘InST_detection’. Secondly, a new convolutional network is proposed to obtain accurate insulator string positions in the aerial image. Finally, a novel fault detection method is proposed that can detect both insulator one fault and multi-fault in aerial images. Experimental results on a large number of aerial images show that our proposed method is more effective and efficient than the state-of-the-art insulator fault detection methods.
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Lin, Yi Feng, Hong Yang Jin, and Ke Ding. "Research on Positioning System of Insulator String Flashover in High Voltage Transmission Line." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.753.
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Considering that insulator flashover accident frequently occurs in high voltage transmission line, a kind of insulator string flashover positioning system is designed. The positioning system is on based on the fact that ultrasonic and ultraviolet energy is released when flashover occurs. To make sure whether a flashover accident occurred, sensors are used to detect ultrasonic and ultraviolet waves near the insulators in real time. The detecting results and accident position information will be uploaded to the monitoring center wirelessly using GSM/GPRS (Global System of Mobile communication / General Packet Radio Service), which can make it easy and fast for operating personnel to locate the accident, reduce troubleshooting work and quickly recovery power transmission. The experiment shows that the system has lots of advantages such as high sensitivity, high positioning accuracy, more stable and so on.
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Phillips, A. J., J. Kuffel, A. Baker, J. Burnham, A. Carreira, E. Cherney, W. Chisholm, et al. "Electric Fields on AC Composite Transmission Line Insulators." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 23, no. 2 (April 2008): 823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2007.911127.
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Rosli, Hanan, Nordiana Azlin Othman, Nor Akmal Mohd Jamail, and Muhammad Nafis Ismail. "Effects of external shed damage on voltage and electric field profile for overhead insulators." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 4 (August 8, 2019): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-03-2018-0112.
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Purpose This paper aims to present simulation studies on voltage and electric field characteristics for imperfect ceramic insulators using QuickFieldTM software. Based on previous studies, it is accepted that string insulator can still serve the transmission line although imperfect of certain insulator exist in a string. However, different materials of porcelain and glass type had made these insulators own different abilities to carry electricity to be transferred to the consumers. Design/methodology/approach Cap and pin type of porcelain and glass insulators are used as the main subject for comparison. The simulation works begins with modeling a single insulator, followed by string of ten insulators with their respective applied voltage, that is, 11 and 132 kV. The insulator was modeled in alternate current conduction analysis problem type using QuickField Professional Software. Technical parameters for porcelain and glass insulator were manually inserted in the modeling. Findings This paper presents an investigation on the influence of broken porcelain and glass insulators in string for voltage and electric field characteristics. For single insulator, the voltage distribution may literally reduce when experiencing external damages; whereby the broken porcelain insulator condition is worse than the glass insulator. In terms of electric field distribution, the glass insulator is badly affected compared with the porcelain insulator, as it is pulverized comprehensively. Research limitations/implications Further work needs to be done to establish whether the experiments of these simulations study will present coequal outcomes. This study endeavors in promoting a good example of voltage and electric field characteristics across high voltage (HV) insulator with the presence of broken insulator in the string. Practical implications This study is beneficial to future researchers and manufacturing companies in strategic management and research planning when they involve in the field of HV insulators. It will also serve as a future reference for academic and study purposes. This research will also educate many people on how HV insulators work. Social implications This study will be helpful to the industry and business practitioners in training for the additional results and knowledge to be updated in the area of HV insulators. Originality/value This paper presents the analysis of porcelain and glass insulators according to their respective logic conditions when broken. Consequently, the existence of a damage insulator in a string may alter the distribution of voltage and electric field which may ultimately lead to the insulation breakdown after some time. This is because the broken insulator may cause other insulators to withstand the remaining voltage allocated for that particular insulator and may affect the insulators in terms of the life span. Therefore, the distribution of voltage and electrical field characteristics in the presence of broken insulators had been studied in this project.
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Wang, Naixiao, Xilin Wang, Ping Chen, Zhidong Jia, Liming Wang, Ronghui Huang, and Qishen Lv. "Metal Contamination Distribution Detection in High-Voltage Transmission Line Insulators by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 2623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082623.
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The fast detection of classical contaminants and their distribution on high-voltage transmission line insulators is essential for ensuring the safe operation of the power grid. The analysis of existing insulator contamination has traditionally relied on taking samples during a power cut, taking the samples back to the lab and then testing them with elemental analysis equipment, especially for sugars, bird droppings, and heavy metal particulates, which cannot be analysed by the equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) or non-soluble deposit density (NSDD) methods. In this study, a novel method called laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offering the advantages of no sample preparation, being nearly nondestructive and having a fast speed was applied for the analysis of metal contamination. Several LIBS parameters (laser energy and delay time) were optimized to obtain better resolution of the spectral data. The limit of detection (LOD) of the observed elements was obtained using a calibration curve. Compared to calibration curves, multivariate analysis methods including principal component analysis (PCA), k-means and partial least squares regression (PLSR) showed their superiority in analyzing metal contamination in insulators. Then, the elemental distribution of natural pollution was predicted using LIBS to fully capture information about the bulk elements (Na, Ni, Cu, Mn, Ca, etc.) of entire areas with PLSR. The results showed that LIBS could be a promising method for accurate direct online quantification of metal contamination in insulators.
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Cheng, Yang, and Daming Liu. "An Image-Based Deep Learning Approach with Improved DETR for Power Line Insulator Defect Detection." Journal of Sensors 2022 (September 7, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6703864.
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Insulators are basic parts of high-voltage transmission, and detecting faults of insulators is a critical task. Most state-of-the-art methods contain two or more stages, including insulator detection and defect locating. Some also involve hand-designed components to improve the performance due to the complicated and misleading background of the wild. To automatically detect faults in UAV-captured insulator images, this paper presents a method that introduces DETR into insulator defect detection. With the self-attention mechanism in Transformer, the model can naturally exploit its advantage in focusing on the target area. However, training DETR requires large data sets and long training schedules to establish spatial relations in sparse locations, which makes it generally not feasible to train in small data sets. To explore the possibility of training a well-performing model with a data set that minimizes the cost of collecting insulator images, transfer learning techniques were applied to this process. To compensate for the disadvantage of DETR in detecting small objects at more precise scales, an improved loss was transplanted to this model. The results show that our proposed method can detect defects directly from UAV images without the need to locate the insulator first, while providing competitive performance with a lower cost of collecting training samples.
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Saraubon, Kobkiat, Nuttapong Wiriyanuruknakon, and Natdanai Tangthirasunun. "Flashover Prevention System using IoT and Machine Learning for Transmission and Distribution Lines." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 15, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i11.20753.
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Flashover on transmission and distribution line insulators occurs when the insulator’s resistance drops to a critical level and causes frequent power outages. Thin layers of dust, salt, and airborne particles, gradually deposited on the surface of insulators, as well as humidity, form an electrolyte which causes flashover. In this paper, a flashover prevention system using IoT technology and machine learning is proposed in order to reduce loss and increase power reliability. The system includes an IoT module, a service and clients. The IoT module prototype was installed at a distribution line pole located in Pracha-utit, Bangkok, Thailand and had collected data for thirty-four months. The data were pre-processed and split for the training process and evaluation. In this study, we built and compared four models including linear regression, polynomial regression, Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. The results revealed that the LSTM model outperformed (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>=.931, RMSE= 530.74) the others.
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Maraaba, Luqman, Khaled Al-Soufi, Twaha Ssennoga, Azhar M. Memon, Muhammed Y. Worku, and Luai M. Alhems. "Contamination Level Monitoring Techniques for High-Voltage Insulators: A Review." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 17, 2022): 7656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207656.
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Insulators are considered one of the most significant parts of power systems which can affect the overall performance of high-voltage (HV) transmission lines and substations. High-voltage (HV) insulators are critical for the successful operation of HV overhead transmission lines, and a failure in any insulator due to contamination can lead to flashover voltage, which will cause a power outage. However, the electrical performance of HV insulators is highly environment sensitive. The main cause of these flashovers in the industrial, agricultural, desert, and coastal areas, is the insulator contamination caused by unfavorable climatic conditions such as dew, fog, or rain. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to review the different methods adopted to identify the contamination level on high-voltage insulators. Several methods have been developed to observe and measure the contamination level on HV insulators, such as leakage current, partial disgorgement, and images with the help of different techniques. Various techniques have been discussed alongside their advantages and disadvantages on the basis of the published research work in the last decade. The major high-voltage insulator contamination level classification techniques discussed include machine learning, fuzzy logic, neuro–fuzzy interface, detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), and other methods. The contamination level data will aid the scheduling of the extensive and costly substation insulator, and live line washing performed using high-pressured water. As a result, considerable benefits in terms of improved power system reliability and maintenance cost savings will be realized. This paper provides an overview of the different signal processing and machine-learning methods adopted to identify the contamination level on high-voltage insulators. Various methods are studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. The comprehensive review of the islanding methods will provide power utilities and researchers with a reference and guideline to select the best method to be used for contamination level identification based on their effectiveness and economic feasibility.
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Su, TY, SB Yaakob, and AM Ariffen. "Modelling and analysis of electrical performance outdoor glass insulator under various services and lightning impulse." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2550, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2550/1/012021.
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Abstract This paper is focus on modelling of glass type insulator with voltage rating of 275 kV. The glass insulators are still widely served in overhead transmission line because of its high dielectric strength capability. However, their outdoor application has resulted in the exposure to the various service conditions such as weather, pollution and lightning conditions. Further, the inclination effect of the insulator under the nominal voltage and lightning impulse is modelling through Finite Elementary Method (FEM). Then, the model of glass insulator is constructed in three different inclination angles by using the Ansys Maxwell 3D for simulation purpose. The results show the inclined insulator due to the wind load effect has the lowest breakdown voltage at most 53.33% compared with the vertical insulator. Under the outdoor environment factors such as humid, wet and contamination, the localized electric field and current density had increased significantly. Consequently, this situation may cause the power losses, localized heating effect also reduces the electrical performance of the insulators.
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Wu, Chunming, Xin Ma, Xiangxu Kong, and Haichao Zhu. "Research on insulator defect detection algorithm of transmission line based on CenterNet." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 29, 2021): e0255135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255135.
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The reliability of the insulator has directly affected the stable operation of electric power system. The detection of defective insulators has always been an important issue in smart grid systems. However, the traditional transmission line detection method has low accuracy and poor real-time performance. We present an insulator defect detection method based on CenterNet. In order to improve detection efficiency, we simplified the backbone network. In addition, an attention mechanism is utilized to suppress useless information and improve the accuracy of network detection. In image preprocessing, the blurring of some detected images results in the samples being discarded, so we use super-resolution reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the blurred images to enhance the dataset. The results show that the AP of the proposed method reaches 96.16% and the reasoning speed reaches 30FPS under the test condition of NVIDIA GTX 1080 test conditions. Compared with Faster R-CNN, YOLOV3, RetinaNet and FSAF, the detection accuracy of proposed method is greatly improved, which fully proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.