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1

Koulountzios, Panagiotis, Tomasz Rymarczyk, and Manuchehr Soleimani. "Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Computed Tomography for Investigation of Batch Crystallisation Processes." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020639.

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Crystallisation is a crucial step in many industrial processes. Many sensors are being investigated for monitoring such processes to enhance the efficiency of them. Ultrasound techniques have been used for particle sizing characterization of liquid suspensions, in crystallisation process. An ultrasound tomography system with an array of ultrasound sensors can provide spatial information inside the process when compared to single-measurement systems. In this study, the batch crystallisation experiments have been conducted in a lab-scale reactor in calcium carbonate crystallisation. Real-time ultrasound tomographic imaging is done via a contactless ultrasound tomography sensor array. The effect of the injection rate and the stirring speed was considered as two control parameters in these crystallisation functions. Transmission mode ultrasound tomography comprises 32 piezoelectric transducers with central frequency of 40 kHz has been used. The process-based experimental investigation shows the capability of the proposed ultrasound tomography system for crystallisation process monitoring. Information on process dynamics, as well as process malfunction, can be obtained via the ultrasound tomography system.
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2

Yamada, Akira, and Katsuhiko Kurita. "Transmission-Type Ultrasonic Inverse Scattering Computed Tomography Using Observation Data on Circular Arc Points." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 40, Part 1, No. 5B (May 30, 2001): 3890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.40.3890.

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3

Opieliński, Krzysztof J., Piotr Pruchnicki, Tadeusz Gudra, Przemysław Podgórski, Tomasz Kraśnicki, Jacek Kurcz, and Marek Sąsiadek. "Ultrasound Transmission Tomography Imaging of Structure of Breast Elastography Phantom Compared to US, CT and MRI." Archives of Acoustics 38, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2013-0039.

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Abstract The paper presents an analysis of the results of ultrasound transmission tomography (UTT) imaging of the internal structure of a breast elastography phantom used for biopsy training, and compares them with the results of CT, MRI and, conventional US imaging; the results of the phantom examination were the basis for the analysis of UTT method resolution. The obtained UTT, CT and MRI images of the CIRS Model 059 breast phantom structure show comparable (in the context of size and location) heterogeneities inside it. The UTT image of distribution of the ultrasound velocity clearly demonstrates continuous changes of density. The UTT image of derivative of attenuation coefficient in relation to frequency is better for visualising sharp edges, and the UTT image of the distribution of attenuation coefficient visualises continuous and stepped changes in an indirect way. The inclusions visualized by CT have sharply delineated edges but are hardly distinguishable from the phantom gel background even with increased image contrast. MRI images of the studied phantom relatively clearly show inclusions in the structure. Ultrasonography images do not show any diversification of the structure of the phantom. The obtained examination results indicate that, if the scanning process is accelerated, ultrasound transmission tomography method can be successfully used to detect and diagnose early breast malignant lesions. Ultrasonic transmission tomography imaging can be applied in medicine for diagnostic examination of women’s breasts and similarly for X-ray computed tomography, while eliminating the need to expose patients to the harmful ionising radiation.
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4

Ellison, Andrew, and Hyonny Kim. "Shadowed delamination area estimation in ultrasonic C-scans of impacted composites validated by X-ray CT." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 4 (July 27, 2019): 549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319865311.

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Although ultrasonic pulse-echo C-scanning is a mature non-destructive evaluation technique for imaging internal damage in composite structures, a major impediment of obtaining a full characterization of the internal damage state is delamination shadowing effects. Specifically, shadowing refers to regions of interest that are behind other delamination planes or discontinuities with respect to the scanning surface. The delamination planes block ultrasonic wave transmission and the regions of interest are thus hidden (i.e. shadowed) from the scan. A methodology has been developed to expand ultrasonic scan data of impacted composites by utilizing damage morphology information that is well established in the composite impact research community, such as matrix cracks bounding delaminations, to estimate shadowed delamination information and matrix cracking. First, impacted flat composite plates were C-scanned by pulse-echo ultrasonic and the results were segmented by depth of damage to establish interface-by-interface delamination information. These delaminations were then fit by bounding lines representing the fiber/matrix crack directions defined by the orientations of plies adjacent to each interface to estimate the shadowed portion of the delamination results. The area inside this boundary was added to the original ultrasonic delamination area to create an estimation of the full delamination state at each shadowed interface. Additionally, because this extension method is based on the interactions between delaminations and matrix cracking, this extension method provides an approximation of the matrix cracking of adjacent plies. Results were compared with X-ray computed tomography scans to assess the effectiveness of the extension method.
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5

Dines, K. A., and S. A. Goss. "Computed Ultrasonic Reflection Tomography." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 34, no. 3 (May 1987): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-uffc.1987.26949.

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6

Azhari, Haim, and Silvia Stolarski. "Hybrid Ultrasonic Computed Tomography." Computers and Biomedical Research 30, no. 1 (February 1997): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cbmr.1997.1439.

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7

Greenleaf, James F., Juha Ylitalo, and John J. Gisvold. "Ultrasonic Computed Tomography for Breast Examination." IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 6, no. 4 (December 1987): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memb.1987.5006465.

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8

Cai, Zhixiang, Hui Zhang, Kerou Liu, Yufei Chen, and Qing Yu. "Experimental Investigation and Mechanism Analysis on Rock Damage by High Voltage Spark Discharge in Water: Effect of Electrical Conductivity." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2020): 5432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205432.

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High voltage spark discharge (HVSD) could generate strong pressure waves that can be combined with a rotary drill bit to improve the penetration rate in unconventional oil and gas drilling. However, there has been little investigation of the effect of electrical conductivity on rock damage and the fragmentation mechanism caused by HVSD. Therefore, we conducted experiments to destroy cement mortar, a rock-like material, in water with five conductivity levels, from 0.5 mS/cm to 20 mS/cm. We measured the discharge parameters, such as breakdown voltage, breakdown delay time, and electrical energy loss, and investigated the damage mechanism from stress waves propagation using X-ray computed tomography. Our study then analyzed the influence of conductivity on the surface damage of the sample by the pore size distribution and the cumulative pore area, as well as studied the dependence of internal damage on conductivity by through-transmission ultrasonic inspection technique. The results indicated that the increase in electrical conductivity decreased the breakdown voltage and breakdown delay time and increased the energy loss, which led to a reduction in the magnitude of the pressure wave and, ultimately, reduced the sample damage. It is worth mentioning that the relationship between the sample damage and electrical conductivity is non-linear, showing a two-stage pattern. The findings suggest that stress waves induced by the pressure waves play a significant role in sample damage where pores and two types of tensile cracks are the main failure features. Compressive stresses close horizontal cracks inside the sample and propagate vertical cracks, forming the tensile cracks-I. Tensile stresses generated at the sample–water interface due to the reflection of stress waves produce the tensile cracks-II. Our study is the first to investigate the relationship between rock damage and electrical conductivity, providing insights to guide the design of drilling tools based on HVSD.
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9

Ylitalo, J., J. Koivukangas, and J. Oksman. "Ultrasonic reflection mode computed tomography through a skullbone." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 37, no. 11 (1990): 1059–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/10.61031.

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10

Perlman, Or, and Haim Azhari. "Ultrasonic computed tomography imaging of iron oxide nanoparticles." Physics in Medicine and Biology 62, no. 3 (January 10, 2017): 825–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa51ab.

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11

Liu, Hao, Chao Tan, Shu Zhao, and Feng Dong. "Nonlinear Ultrasonic Transmissive Tomography for Low-Contrast Biphasic Medium Imaging Using Continuous-Wave Excitation." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 67, no. 10 (October 2020): 8878–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2949531.

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12

Vrana, Johannes, Karsten Schörner, Hubert Mooshofer, Karsten Kolk, Alexander Zimmer, and Karl Fendt. "Ultrasonic Computed Tomography − Pushing the Boundaries of the Ultrasonic Inspection of Forgings." steel research international 89, no. 4 (February 15, 2018): 1700448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.201700448.

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13

Zeqiri, Bajram, Christian Baker, Giuseppe Alosa, Peter N. T. Wells, and Hai-Dong Liang. "Quantitative ultrasonic computed tomography using phase-insensitive pyroelectric detectors." Physics in Medicine and Biology 58, no. 15 (July 12, 2013): 5237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/58/15/5237.

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14

Liu, Hao, Feng Dong, and Chao Tan. "Multifrequency Ultrasonic Tomography for Oil–Gas–Water Three-Phase Distribution Imaging Using Transmissive Attenuation Spectrum." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 70 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3049541.

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15

Razansky, Daniel, Berkan Lafci, and Xose Luis Dean-Ben. "Transmission-reflection optoacoustic ultrasound (TROPUS) computed tomography of whole mice." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 149, no. 4 (April 2021): A19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0004395.

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16

Lai, Bitao, Hui Li, Jilin Zhang, David Jacobi, and Dan Georgi. "Water-Content Effects on Dynamic Elastic Properties of Organic-Rich Shale." SPE Journal 21, no. 02 (April 14, 2016): 635–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/175040-pa.

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Summary Acoustic-velocity measurements are an important nondestructive way to investigate dynamic rock-mechanical properties. Water content and bedding-plane-induced anisotropy are reported to significantly affect the acoustic velocities of siliciclastic sandstones and laminated carbonates. This relationship in organic-rich shales, however, is not well-understood and has yet to be investigated. The mechanical properties of organic-rich shales are affected by changes in water content, laminations, total organic content (TOC), and microstructures. In particular, kerogen density that accompanies changes in the composition of the TOC during maturity can significantly influence the acoustic responses within source rocks. To understand how these variables influence acoustic responses in organic shales, two sets of cores from the Eagle Ford shale were investigated: one set cut parallel to bedding and the other perpendicular to bedding. Textures of the samples from each set were characterized by use of computed-tomography (CT) scanning. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to measure the water content, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the mineralogy. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also used to characterize the microstucture. Acoustic-velocity measurements were then made on each set at various confining pressures with the ultrasonic pulse-transmission technique. The results show that confining pressure, water content, and laminations have significant impact on both compressional-wave (P-wave) and shear-wave (S-wave) velocity. Both velocities increase as confining pressure increases. Velocities measured from cores cut parallel to bedding are, on average, 20% higher than those cut perpendicular to bedding. Increasing water content decreases both velocities. The impact of water content on shear velocity was found to be significant compared with the response with compressional velocity. As a result, the water content was found to lower both Young's modulus and shear modulus, which is opposite to the reported results in conventional reservoir lithology. In addition, both P- and S-wave velocities show a linear decrease as TOC increases, and they both decrease with increasing of clay content. The mechanisms that lead to water-content alteration of rock-mechanical properties might be a combined result of the clay/water interaction, the chemical reaction, and the capillary pressure changes.
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17

Tomikawa, Y., Y. Iwase, K. Arita, and H. Yamada. "Nondestructive Inspection of a Wooden Pole Using Ultrasonic Computed Tomography." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 33, no. 4 (July 1986): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-uffc.1986.26842.

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18

CARSON, PAUL L., L. SCHERZINGER, CHARLES R. MEYER, WILLIAM JOBE, BARRY SAMUELS, and DORIT D. ADLER. "Lesion Detectability in Ultrasonic Computed Tomography of Symptomatic Breast Patients." Investigative Radiology 23, no. 6 (June 1988): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004424-198806000-00003.

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19

Fujii, Motoo, Xing Zhang, and Tooru Kumamori. "Noninvasive Measurement of Internal Temperature Distribution Using Ultrasonic Computed Tomography." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 61, no. 585 (1995): 1888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.61.1888.

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20

Li, Qiu Feng, Hong Guang Liu, Hui Cong Ma, and Zhen Hua Chen. "Study on Improved Computed Tomography Algorithm in Concrete Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.401.

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In ultrasonic CT of concrete structure, ray tracing technology based on SNELL principle is far more meet the characteristics of ultrasonic propagation. Inversion algorithm of tomography imaging is to solve large sparse equations. Simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) algorithm solves the problem from the mathematical view. According to engineering application, A improved imaging reconstruction method is proposed in the basis. During the data processing of simulation, the data weighting matrix is introduced to increase the proportion of effective information firstly; And then the units without ray passing through is merged with its adjacent units so that the slow-wave in reconstruction section could be changed smoothly by using unit merger method and ensure high resolution in middle section; And finally the image of CT reconstruction is obtained. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm is effective and could meet engineering requirement.
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21

Azhari, Haim. "Feasibility Study of Ultrasonic Computed Tomography–Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 38, no. 4 (April 2012): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.01.005.

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22

Obara, Hiroyuki, and Kimio Shibayama. "Observation of impulse response for ultrasonic transducers by optical computed tomography." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, S1 (November 1988): S197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2026084.

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23

Landis, Eric N., Emiel Hassefras, Tyler S. Oesch, and Ernst Niederleithinger. "Relating ultrasonic signals to concrete microstructure using X-ray computed tomography." Construction and Building Materials 268 (January 2021): 121124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121124.

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24

Zissin, R., M. Lishner, and V. Rathaus. "Case report: Unusual presentation of splenic hamartoma; Computed tomography and ultrasonic findings." Clinical Radiology 45, no. 6 (June 1992): 410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(05)81003-7.

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25

Bernard, Simon, Vadim Monteiller, Dimitri Komatitsch, and Philippe Lasaygues. "Ultrasonic computed tomography based on full-waveform inversion for bone quantitative imaging." Physics in Medicine & Biology 62, no. 17 (August 9, 2017): 7011–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa7e5a.

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26

Aida, Satoshi, Mariko Shibata, Katsuhik Fujimoto, Yoshiharu Ishibashi, Takuji Suzuki, Kozo Sato, and Ayao Itoh. "5485839 Method and apparatus for ultrasonic wave medical treatment using computed tomography." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 14, no. 5 (January 1996): XIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0730-725x(96)90046-6.

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27

Sheng-Wen Huang and Pai-Chi Li. "Ultrasonic computed tomography reconstruction of the attenuation coefficient using a linear array." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 52, no. 11 (November 2005): 2011–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2005.1561670.

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28

Scherzinger, Ann L., Robert A. Belgam, Paul L. Carson, Charles R. Meyer, Jeffrey V. Sutherland, Fred L. Bookstein, and Terry M. Silver. "Assessment of ultrasonic computed tomography in symptomatic breast patients by discriminant analysis." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 15, no. 1 (January 1989): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-5629(89)90128-2.

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29

Zielińska, Monika, and Magdalena Rucka. "Non-Destructive Assessment of Masonry Pillars using Ultrasonic Tomography." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2018): 2543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122543.

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In this paper, a condition assessment of masonry pillars is presented. Non-destructive tests were performed on an intact pillar as well as three pillars with internal inclusions in the form of a hole, a steel bar grouted by gypsum mortar, and a steel bar grouted by cement mortar. The inspection utilized ultrasonic stress waves and the reconstruction of the velocity distribution was performed by means of computed tomography. The results showed the possibilities of tomographic imaging in characterizing the internal structure of pillars. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of the adhesive connection between a steel reinforcing bar, embedded inside pillars, and the surrounding pillar body.
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30

Jeong-Won Jeong, Tae-Seong Kim, D. C. Shin, S. Do, M. Singh, and V. Z. Marmarelis. "Soft tissue differentiation using multiband signatures of high resolution ultrasonic transmission tomography." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 24, no. 3 (March 2005): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2004.843179.

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31

Yamada, Hiroaki, Yoshiro Tomikawa, and Mitsuhiro Nishida. "Application of ultrasonic computed tomography to nondestructive inspection of SiO2 ingot material qualities." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, S1 (November 1988): S71—S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2026449.

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32

Taleff, Eric M., Teodoro Leon-Salamanca, Richard A. Ketcham, Reuben Reyes, and William D. Carlson. "Nondestructive evaluation of cavitation in an Al–Mg material deformed under creep conditions." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 1 (January 2000): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0015.

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Cavitation was examined in an Al–Mg solid-solution alloy deformed in tension at 400 °C under conditions providing solute-drag creep, which can produce tensile ductilities from 100% to over 300%. Two nondestructive evaluation techniques were employed to measure the extent of cavitation: ultra-high-resolution x-ray computed tomography and pulse-echo ultrasonic evaluation. Subsequent to nondestructive evaluation, the sample was sectioned for examination by standard metallographic techniques. Metallographic examination confirmed that both nondestructive techniques accurately indicated the extent of cavitation. Ultrasonic testing provided a practical means of distinguishing material with cavities from that without cavities. Ultrahigh- resolution x-ray computed tomography provided an accurate three-dimensional image of internal cavitation.
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33

Pei, Yu, Guojun Zhang, Yu Zhang, and Wendong Zhang. "Breast Acoustic Parameter Reconstruction Method Based on Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Array." Micromachines 12, no. 8 (August 14, 2021): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12080963.

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Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) systems based on capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays have a wide range of application prospects. For this paper, a high-precision image reconstruction method based on the propagation path of ultrasound in breast tissue are designed for the CMUT ring array; that is, time-reversal algorithms and FBP algorithms are respectively used to reconstruct sound speed distribution and acoustic attenuation distribution. The feasibility of this reconstruction method is verified by numerical simulation and breast model experiments. According to reconstruction results, sound speed distribution reconstruction deviation can be reduced by 53.15% through a time-reversal algorithm based on wave propagation theory. The attenuation coefficient distribution reconstruction deviation can be reduced by 61.53% through FBP based on ray propagation theory. The research results in this paper will provide key technological support for a new generation of ultrasound computed tomography systems.
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34

Yamamoto, Hiroshi, Hikaru Saito, Makoto Tabei, and Mitsuhiro Ueda. "Calculation of projection data for the ultrasonic computed tomography by the ray tracing method." Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan (E) 12, no. 4 (1991): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1250/ast.12.157.

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35

Fujii, Motoo, and Xing Zhang. "Noncontact measurement of internal temperature distribution in a solid material using ultrasonic computed tomography." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 24, no. 3-4 (May 2001): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(01)00049-8.

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36

Glozman, Tanya, and Haim Azhari. "A Method for Characterization of Tissue Elastic Properties Combining Ultrasonic Computed Tomography With Elastography." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 29, no. 3 (March 2010): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/jum.2010.29.3.387.

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37

Koshovyi, V. V., O. E. Levyts’kyi, I. M. Romanyshyn, and R. V. Sharamaha. "Evaluation of the homogeneity of the metal of welded joints by ultrasonic computed tomography." Materials Science 43, no. 4 (July 2007): 528–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-007-0061-9.

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38

Geroulakos, G., J. Domjan, A. Nicolaides, J. Stevens, N. Labropoulos, G. Ramaswami, G. Belcaro, and A. Mansfield. "Ultrasonic carotid artery plaque structure and the risk of cerebral infarction on computed tomography." Journal of Vascular Surgery 20, no. 2 (August 1994): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-5214(94)90014-0.

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39

Mckelvie, M. L., J. Fordham, C. Clifford, and S. B. Palmer. "In vitro comparison of quantitative computed tomography and broadband ultrasonic attenuation of trabecular bone." Bone 10, no. 2 (1989): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(89)90005-7.

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40

Yamada, Akira, and Yasuyuki Goto. "Ultrasonic reflectivity computed tomography with small number of transmitter/receiver transducers for carotid diagnosis." Electrical Engineering in Japan 163, no. 4 (2008): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20301.

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41

Noble, J. Alison, Nassir Navab, and H. Becher. "Ultrasonic image analysis and image-guided interventions." Interface Focus 1, no. 4 (June 15, 2011): 673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0025.

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The fields of medical image analysis and computer-aided interventions deal with reducing the large volume of digital images (X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography and ultrasound (US)) to more meaningful clinical information using software algorithms. US is a core imaging modality employed in these areas, both in its own right and used in conjunction with the other imaging modalities. It is receiving increased interest owing to the recent introduction of three-dimensional US, significant improvements in US image quality, and better understanding of how to design algorithms which exploit the unique strengths and properties of this real-time imaging modality. This article reviews the current state of art in US image analysis and its application in image-guided interventions. The article concludes by giving a perspective from clinical cardiology which is one of the most advanced areas of clinical application of US image analysis and describing some probable future trends in this important area of ultrasonic imaging research.
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42

Laugier, P., G. Berger, P. Giat, P. Bonnin-Fayet, and M. Laval-Jeantet. "Ultrasound Attenuation Imaging in the Os Calcis: An Improved Method." Ultrasonic Imaging 16, no. 2 (April 1994): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173469401600201.

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A complete assessment of the broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA) distribution within the os calcis was made using an ultrasonic mechanical scanning device with focused transducers. Measurements were performed on 12 os calces removed from fresh female cadavers. We present the first images of BUA of the os calcis. Reasonably high quality images were obtained compared to computed tomography. The resolution provided by the focused transducers is approximately 4 or 5 mm in the focal zone. Compared to dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or quantitative computed tomography, ultrasound imaging of the os calcis offers the possibility of controlling the placement, size and shape of the region of interest and to use multiple measurement sites. DEXA was used systematically to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) of the os calces. A highly significant correlation between BMD and BUA was found (r= 0.97 p < 0.001).
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43

Yamada, Akira, and Yasuyuki Goto. "Ultrasonic Reflectivity Computed Tomography with Small Number of Transmitter/Receiver Transducers for the Carotid Diagnosis." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 125, no. 3 (2005): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.125.399.

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44

Marcus, Richard H., James Bednarz, Richard Coulden, Sanjeev Shroff, Martin Lipton, and Roberto M. Lang. "Ultrasonic backscatter system for automated on-line endocardial boundary detection: Evaluation by ultrafast computed tomography." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 22, no. 3 (September 1993): 839–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(93)90200-k.

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45

Fitting, D. W., P. L. Carson, J. J. Giesey, and P. M. Grounds. "A Two-Dimensional Array Receiver for Reducing Refraction Artifacts in Ultrasonic Computed Tomography of Attenuation." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 34, no. 3 (May 1987): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-uffc.1987.26953.

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46

Schindler, Mandy, Michael L. Batzle, and Manika Prasad. "Micro X-Ray computed tomography imaging and ultrasonic velocity measurements in tetrahydrofuran-hydrate-bearing sediments." Geophysical Prospecting 65, no. 4 (September 21, 2016): 1025–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12449.

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47

Yanagida, Hirotaka, Yasutaka Tamura, Kwang-Mo Kim, and Jun Jae Lee. "Development of Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Computed Tomography for Hard Wood with Anisotropic Acoustic Property." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 46, no. 8A (August 6, 2007): 5321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.46.5321.

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48

Berteau, J. Ph, M. Pithioux, H. Follet, C. Guivier-Curien, Ph Lasaygues, and P. Chabrand. "Computed tomography, histological and ultrasonic measurements of adolescent scoliotic rib hump geometrical and material properties." Journal of Biomechanics 45, no. 14 (September 2012): 2467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.07.002.

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49

Xia, Jun, Chao Huang, Konstantin Maslov, Mark A. Anastasio, and Lihong V. Wang. "Enhancement of photoacoustic tomography by ultrasonic computed tomography based on optical excitation of elements of a full-ring transducer array." Optics Letters 38, no. 16 (August 14, 2013): 3140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.003140.

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50

Fadden, Christopher, and Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli. "A Single Simulation Platform for Hybrid Photoacoustic and RF-Acoustic Computed Tomography." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 1568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091568.

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Abstract:
In recent years, multimodal thermoacoustic imaging has demonstrated superior imaging quality compared to other emerging modalities. It provides functional and molecular information, arising due to electromagnetic absorption contrast, at ultrasonic resolution using inexpensive and non-ionizing imaging methods. The development of optical- as well as radio frequency (RF)-induced thermoacoustic imaging systems would benefit from reliable numerical simulations. To date, most numerical models use a combination of different software in order to model the hybrid thermoacoustic phenomenon. Here, we demonstrate the use of a single open source finite element software platform (ONELAB) for photo- and RF-acoustic computed tomography. The solutions of the optical diffusion equation, frequency domain Maxwell’s equations, and time-domain wave equation are used to solve the optical, electromagnetic, and acoustic propagation problems, respectively, in ONELAB. The results on a test homogeneous phantom and an approximate breast phantom confirm that ONELAB is a very effective software for both photo- and RF-acoustic simulations, and invaluable for developing new reconstruction algorithms and hardware systems.
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