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1
Tonello, E., and G. Della Monica. "ALCATEL TELEMETRY TRANSMITTER AND BEACON TRANSMITTER (NEW GENERATION)." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607345.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaPresentation for ITC 98 of Alcatel Espace last studies and developments regarding TTC Products This document lays on 3 parts: · a technical point of view · a technology/design description · a synthesis showing main performance and results
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Nystøyl, Bjarte Løken. "HDMI Transmitter." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18483.
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HDMI is the de facto global standard for connecting HD components and bridging the gap between consumer electronics and personal computer products, making it a priority to develop efficient hand-held, battery-powered units that support the standard.This is a study into how to design a low power and high performance system that can transmit HDMI-signals to a valid HDMI-receiver. The main priority is to implement the TMDS part of a HDMI-transmitter, where parallel data is encoded and serialized at high frequencies. The theory chapters provides an orderly summary of the complex workings of the HDMI-standard, in addition to an introduction to high-performance digital circuit design. This is followed by a system specification chapter, which sets the constraints of the design and discusses the hardware requirements. The subsequent chapter first deals with the design of a straightforward, basic HDMI-transmitter, before moving on to an enhanced design process. The basic design is used as a base for discussions in regard to how effective the suggested enhancement techniques are. The improvements result in an enhanced design able to operate at 742,5 MHz and support High-Definition video at the impressive resolution of 1080p30. This is achieved by using a 180nm, low-leakage library, and the final design consists of approximately 24.000 unit-sized transistor equivalents, consuming approximately a total of 13,6 mW.
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Koloskova, O. A. "Magnifying transmitter." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45600.
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The magnifying transmitter was intended by Nicola Tesla for the wireless transmission of electrical energy. It is a high power harmonic oscillator, an air-core, multiple-resonant transformer that can generate very high voltages. In normal operation the magnifying transmitter is relatively silent, generating a high power electric field, but if the output voltage exceeds the design voltage of the elevated terminal, high-voltage sparks will strike out from the electrode into the air. In his autobiography, Tesla stated that "...I feel certain that of all my inventions, the Magnifying Transmitter will prove most important and valuable to future generations."
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Wretham, Drew. "T200 weight transmitter." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008.
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Conradi, Carl Peter. "LINC transmitter linearization techniques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0018/MQ49794.pdf.
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Rupp, Greg. "TDRSS COMPATIBLE TELEMETRY TRANSMITTER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607615.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaAn S-band telemetry transmitter has been developed for Expendable Launch Vehicles (ELV's) that can downlink data through NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). The transmitter operates in the 2200 to 2300 MHz range and provides a number of unique features to achieve optimum performance in the launch vehicle environment: · Commandable QPSK or BPSK modulation format. · Data rates up to 10 Mbps. · Commandable concatenated coding provides superior link performance. · Premodulation filtering produces excellent spectral containment characteristics. · Phase noise of less than 3 degrees rms is maintained through launch and ascent vibration profiles. · A 30 watt nominal RF output power provides a robust RF link. · Two RF antenna output ports with commandable selection of all power out to either port or power split evenly between ports. · Operating modes and conditions of the unit can be monitored through a number of bilevel and analog outputs. · A ruggedized mechanical design provides a reliable communications link for launch vehicle environments.
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Dennis, Anthony, Mohsen Sarraf, Larry Burke, and Finbarr McGrath. "LEVERAGING COMMERCIAL DIGITAL POLAR TRANSMITTER IC DEVELOPMENT TO REALIZE MINIATURE, LOW COST MULTIMODE TELEMETRY TRANSMITTERS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604919.
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ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThere is a need for low cost, spectrally efficient, miniature, rugged, telemetry transmitters for small missiles, rockets, projectiles, and micro-UAV’s. Current solutions are typically only suitable for large missile platforms and aircraft and are cost prohibitive for expendable munitions such as projectiles. M/A-COM, Inc. has developed new digital polar transmitter architectures (DTx) for use in cellular handsets. This break through technology reduces size, power consumption, and component count. This significantly reduces the size and cost of transmitter circuitry for the handset. The architecture provides digital phase up-conversion and digital RF amplitude modulation. In addition it allows for achieving power amplifier efficiencies similar to linear PA’s with constant envelop waveforms when presented with non-constant envelop waveforms. This technology development can be utilized to provide very low cost, miniature, rugged transmitter solutions for systems requiring a flexible embedded instrumentation solution. This paper reviews the system architecture, discusses the integrated circuits development, and provides possible applications.
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Toonstra, Jason Paul. "A radio transmitter fingerprinting system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23529.pdf.
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Jandyala, Saikiran. "Design of BiCMOS7WL RF transmitter /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1083541621&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Brown, K. D., and Trevor Sorensen. "HIGH ALTITUDE TRANSMITTER FLIGHT TESTING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605062.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper describes a high altitude experimental flight test platform developed by the University of Kansas (KU) and the National Nuclear Security Administration’s Kansas City Plant (NNSA’s Kansas City Plant) for high altitude payload flight testing. This platform is called the Kansas University Balloon Experiment Satellite (KUBESat). The paper describes the flight test platform and experimental flight test results captured at Fort Riley, KS from characterization of the KCP developed Distributed Transmitter (DTX).
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Anderson, Christopher. "BANDWIDTH LIMITED 320 MBPS TRANSMITTER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607635.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaWith every new spacecraft that is designed comes a greater density of information that will be stored once it is in operation. This, coupled with the desire to reduce the number of ground stations needed to download this information from the spacecraft, places new requirements on telemetry transmitters. These new transmitters must be capable of data rates of 320 Mbps and beyond. Although the necessary bandwidth is available for some non-bandwidth-limited transmissions in Ka-Band and above, many systems will continue to rely on more narrow allocations down to X-Band. These systems will require filtering of the modulation to meet spectral limits. The usual requirements of this filtering also include that it not introduce high levels of inter-symbol interference (ISI) to the transmission. These constraints have been addressed at CE by implementing a DSP technique that pre-filters a QPSK symbol set to achieve bandwidth-limited 320 Mbps operation. This implementation operates within the speed range of the radiation-hardened digital technologies that are currently available and consumes less power than the traditional high-speed FIR techniques.
12
Chen, Zhijie. "Cooperative transmitter-receiver arrayed communications." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6924.
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This thesis is concerned with array processing for wireless communications. In particular, cooperation between the transmitter and receiver or between systems is exploited to further improve the system performance. Based on this idea, three technical chapters are presented in this thesis. Initially in Chapter 1, an introduction including array processing, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems and the background of cognitive radio is presented. In Chapter 2, a novel approach for estimating the direction-of-departure (DOD) is proposed using the cooperative beamforming. This proposed approach is featured by its simplicity (beam rotation at the transmitter) and effectiveness (illustrated in terms of channel capacity). Chapter 3 is concerned with integration of spatio-temporal (ST) processing into an antenna array transmitter, given a joint transmitter-receiver system with ST processing at the receiver but spatial-only processing at the transmitter. The transmit ST processing further improves the system performance in convergence, mean-square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). In Chapter 4, a basic system structure for radio coexistence problem is proposed based on the concept of MIMO cognitive radio. Cooperation between the licensed radio and the cognitive radio is exploited. Optimisation of the sum channel capacity is considered as the criterion and it is solved using a multivariable water-filling algorithm. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes this thesis and gives suggestions for future work.
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Ordway, Gregory A. "Introduction: Revision of an Old Transmitter." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8612.
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The discovery of norepinephrine dates back to the late 1940s when the Swedish scientist, Ulf Svante von Euler first demonstrated that neurons of the sympathetic nervous system use norepinephrine, rather than epinephrine, as a neurotransmitter. Shortly thereafter in 1947, Peter Wilhelm Joseph Holtz demonstrated that norepinephrine occurred in the brain. Today, we know it is one of three major cate-cholamine (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) neurotransmitters found in the central nervous system (CNS). Over 50 years of subsequent research has led to an enormous accumulation of information regarding norepinephrine and its role in physiological and behavioral processes. In addition, drugs that directly manipulate brain norepinephrine have been used therapeutically for over 50 years, and even today, drugs are being developed that target noradrenergic neurons to deliver therapeutic effects. In fact, new disease indications continue to be identified for existing and newer noradrenergic drugs.
Given the revered tenure of this relatively old neurotransmitter and the recent advances and subsequent theories about its contribution to health and disease in the CNS, the authors of this book decided the time was right to bring together historical and recent information about norepinephrine in one book. The intention of this volume is to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of the anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, pharmacology, and therapeutics of norepinephrine in the CNS, including an extensive review of the role of norepinephrine in diseases of the CNS.
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Saeed, Munawar. "Transmitter Macrodiversity in Multihop Sensor Networks." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Information Technology and Media, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-11334.
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Wireless Sensor Network is an emerging technology that has applicationsin Wireless Actuators, remote controlling, distribution of softwareupdates and distribution of parameters to sensor nodes. This projectwork basically covers the concept of macro-diversity. This is a situationin which several transmitters are used for transferring the same signal (inmulti-hop sensor networks) to check the increase in connected nodes orin network coverage. Transmitter macro-diversity increases the receivedsignal strength and thus increases the signal-to-noise ratio which resultsin a lower outage probability. To accomplish this task three differentstrategies have been simulated using thirteen different cases. Broadcastingis used when forming SFN of size one (strategy one) and uni-castingis used for forming SFNs of size two (strategy two) and size three (strategythree).In this project reference material has been gathered frombooks, journals and web sources; and MATLAB has been used as thesimulation tool in which codes are written in the M programming language.The algorithm works firstly by discovering all the nodes that areconnected directly with the Base Station through multi-hoping, afterwhich the second algorithm is applied to check how many more nodescan be reached by forming SFNs. A gain of up to 79% was observedusing strategy one and strategy two and up to 83% in strategy three.The results shows that strategy one (Forming SFNs using BroadcastingTechnique) is the best as more nodes can be reached (for different cases)than for the other two strategies (forming SFNs using uni-casting technique).
15
Chani, Cahuana Jessica Adaid. "Pulse Modulated Transmitter Architectures : Carrier Bursting." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11405.
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Sun, Luotao. "A fast radio transmitter identification system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/MQ41785.pdf.
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de, Groot Eric H. "Transmitter Localization by Virtual Multipath Correlation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595994.
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This thesis investigates a method of tracking remote transmitters using multipath localization fingerprints generated by a ray tracing simulation. Radio wave propagation phenomena in a dense urban environment can be simulated using publicly available mapping data and 2-D ray tracing techniques when the receivers and transmitters are found to be approximately co-planar. OpenStreetMap (OSM) building data is used to model the area of interest, and frequency of arrival (FOA) localization fingerprints are generated virtually along a grid. These fingerprints are then used to estimate the origin of incoming signals. Simulation of this method using three receivers and a 10 m square grid demonstrates a simulated localization accuracy within 15 m. Taking things a step closer to reality, an attempt to validate the ray tracing simulation is made. Validation is presented in the form of experimental results for a set of trials along with a statistical comparison to simulation results. A significant positive correlation between the experimental and simulation results is found and detailed. Finally, the tracking method described is applied to real collected signal data and the results discussed.
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Ferguson, D., D. Meyers, P. Gemmill, and C. Pereira. "A MONOLITHIC HIGH-G TELEMETRY TRANSMITTER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613752.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 29-November 02, 1990 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaInstrumentation for taking dynamic in-bore measurements during high accelerations typically has been limited to accelerations under 20,000 g’s. In munition development and testing, there is a need for telemetry instrumentation that can relay dynamic performance data at 100,000 g’s. This paper describes the development and testing of a stable, regulated, telemetry transmitter that has been successfully tested to 67,400 g’s.
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Jeske, Harold O. "MEANINGFUL FM TRANSMITTER MODULATION LINEARITY MEASUREMENTS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615542.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 13-16, 1986 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, NevadaIn Frequency Division Multiplex (FDM) systems, nonlinearities in the modulation and demodulation processes of the transmission system produce intermodulation (IM) products which are effectively added to the desired modulation. The effect of these added products is the degradation of data accuracy in the form of noise on the subcarrier data. Currently there are no standard test procedures or specifications that permit the prediction of the level of these IM products during system design. The characterization of transmitter modulation linearity by the measurement of IM, or cross-products, produced by simultaneous modulation by two tones, is considered ideal. This is because the test conditions can closely simulate the highest modulation level subcarriers used and the necessary demodulation equipment can he readily calibrated using common frequency modulated sources. The modulation tones used are both in the upper portion of the transmission system’s baseband and at a modulation level near the level of intended use. Measurement of only the difference frequency IM component, (f !f ), is considered 2 1 adequate for the determination of 2nd order nonlinearities. The 3rd order IM components are measured only at (2f !f ) and (2f !f ) and are normally found to be of equal 1 2 2 1 amplitudes with FM transmitters. All higher order products, as well as direct harmonics, are ignored. From the three IM level measurements, and the two desired tones, the 2nd and 3rd order modulation intercept points (IP and IP ) are determined in essentially the 2 3 same manner as the intercept point, or IP, that is common in specifying the linearity of broadband RF amplifiers. When the amplitude of the various signal and IM components are plotted on log-log scales, the desired signals have a slope of one while the 2nd and 3rd order products have slopes of two and three respectively. On log-log plots the intercept point is the modulation level at which extensions of the low level values of the IM components meet the extension of the desired modulation level. Once the IP values are determined, they may be readily used for system IM calculations. Measured IM levels in a sixteen channel FDM system compared very favorably with predicted levels using the IP values obtained from two-tone tests. The nonlinearities of the demodulator employed in the test system may be evaluated by the use of the “beat” frequency of two independently modulated FM signal sources as the required input to the demodulator. The IM products in the demodulator output in this case are due only to the demodulator’s transfer characteristics. IM product levels of the test system greater than 60 dB below the simultaneous modulation level of ±300 kHz each by 400 and 450 kHz tones are obtained at Sandia Laboratories. The use of two-tone IM tests for the evaluation and specification of FM transmitter modulation linearity is strongly recommended.
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Kumar, Vireshwar. "Transmitter Authentication in Dynamic Spectrum Sharing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74917.
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Recent advances in spectrum access technologies, such as software-defined radios, have made dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) a viable option for addressing the spectrum shortage problem. However, these advances have also contributed to the increased possibility of "rogue" transmitter radios which may cause significant interference to other radios in DSS. One approach for countering such threats is to employ a transmitter authentication scheme at the physical (PHY) layer. In PHY-layer authentication, an authentication signal is generated by the transmitter, and embedded into the message signal. This enables a regulatory enforcement entity to extract the authentication signal from the received signal, uniquely identify a transmitter, and collect verifiable evidence of a rogue transmission that can be used later during an adjudication process. There are two primary technical challenges in devising a transmitter authentication scheme for DSS: (1) how to generate and verify the authentication signal such that the required security and privacy criteria are met; and (2) how to embed and extract the authentication signal without negatively impacting the performance of the transmitters and the receivers in DSS. With regard to dealing with the first challenge, the authentication schemes in the prior art, which provide privacy-preserving authentication, have limited practical value for use in large networks due to the high computational complexity of their revocation check procedures. In this dissertation, the novel approaches which significantly improve scalability of the transmitter authentication with respect to revocation, are proposed. With regard to dealing with the second challenge, in the existing PHY-layer authentication techniques, the authentication signal is embedded into the message signal in such a way that the authentication signal appears as noise to the message signal and vice versa. Hence, existing schemes are constrained by a fundamental tradeoff between the message signal's signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) and the authentication signal's SINR. In this dissertation, the novel approaches which are not constrained by the aforementioned tradeoff between message and authentication signals, are proposed.Ph. D.
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Pires, Sérgio Carlos da Conceição. "Multi-standard reconfigurable wireless transmitter architectures." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12912.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia ElectrotécnicaThe continuous demand for highly efficient wireless transmitter systems has triggered an increased interest in switching mode techniques to handle the required power amplification. The RF carrier amplitude-burst transmitter, i.e. a wireless transmitter chain where a phase-modulated carrier is modulated in amplitude in an on-off mode, according to some prescribed envelope-to-time conversion, such as pulse-width or sigma-delta modulation, constitutes a promising architecture capable of efficiently transmitting signals of highly demanding complex modulation schemes. However, the tested practical implementations present results that are way behind the theoretically advanced promises (perfect linearity and efficiency). My original contribution to knowledge presented in this thesis is the first thorough study and model of the power efficiency and linearity characteristics that can be actually achieved with this architecture. The analysis starts with a brief revision of the theoretical idealized behavior of these switched-mode amplifier systems, followed by the study of the many sources of impairments that appear when the real system is implemented. In particular, a special attention is paid to the dynamic load modulation caused by the often ignored interaction between the narrowband signal reconstruction filter and the usual single-ended switched-mode power amplifier, which, among many other performance impairments, forces a two transistor implementation. The performance of this architecture is clearly explained based on the presented theory, which is supported by simulations and corresponding measured results of a fully working implementation. The drawn conclusions allow the development of a set of design rules for future improvements, one of which is proposed and verified in this thesis. It suggests a significant modification to this traditional architecture, where now the phase modulated carrier is always on – and thus allowing a single transistor implementation – and the amplitude is impressed into the carrier phase according to a bi-phase code.
A constante exigência por sistemas de transmissão sem fios altamente eficientes, tem fomentado o interesse em técnicas comutadas aplicadas à necessária amplificação em potência. O transmissor de RF com a portadora pulsada em amplitude, ou seja, um transmissor sem fios em que a portadora modulada em fase é comutada em amplitude em modo activo e inactivo, de acordo com uma determinada conversão amplitude-tempo, tal como as modulações de largura de pulsos ou sigma-delta, constitui uma arquitectura promissora capaz de transmitir eficientemente sinais com modulações complexas altamente exigentes. No entanto, os testes das implementações práticas apresentam resultados que ficam muito aquém das promessas teóricas (linearidade e eficiência perfeitas). Esta tese apresenta, como contributo original para o conhecimento, o primeiro estudo aprofundado e respectivo modelo das características de eficiência e linearidade que podem ser conseguidas com esta arquitectura. A análise começa com uma breve descrição do comportamento teórico idealizado destes sistemas de amplificação comutados, seguido do estudo das muitas fontes de imperfeições que surgem na implementação real. Em particular, é dada uma especial atenção à modulação de carga causada pela interacção, frequentemente ignorada, entre o filtro de banda estreita de reconstrução e o amplificador comutado, que, de entre os vários problemas adicionais que afectam o seu desempenho, força uma implementação com dois transístores. O desempenho desta arquitectura é perfeitamente explicado como base na teoria apresentada, suportada por simulações e respectivos resultados das medidas efectuadas com uma implementação prática plenamente funcional. A partir das conclusões retiradas é formulado um conjunto de recomendações que permitem melhorar desenhos futuros, um dos quais proposto e verificado nesta tese. É sugerida uma importante modificação à arquitectura tradicional, onde a portadora modulada em fase está sempre activa - permitindo uma implementação com um transístor único - e a amplitude é impressa na fase da portadora de acordo com um código bi-fásico.
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Becker, Brandon, and Charles Bennett. "Software Defined Radio MIMO Telemetry Transmitter." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624241.
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This paper describes the development of a small, low-cost, and flexible telemetry transmitter that
can be used for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. In the intended
application, the transmitter will collect data from sensors on small quad copters or drones,
regarding the vehicle’s attitude, location, movement, and other flight data. This will be combined
into a single data stream, and base-band modulation applied by a field programmable gate array
(FPGA). The FPGA output will control a separate RF modulation board, which will generate a
pair of RF signals suitable for use in a 2x2 MIMO system. The original application uses the 902-
928MHz ISM band. The modulation format can be altered by changing the software for the
FPGA.
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Adams, Joshua S. "Transmitter Localization Using Autonomous Robotic Swarms." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/632.
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The purpose of this research is to design a proof of concept system that is capable of locating a hidden radio transmitter and to investigate methods of multi-agent formation control with a specific interest in the effectiveness of these methods on the overall objective of locating this transmitter. A system is proposed and developed in which autonomous agents work together to locate this transmitter and their responsiveness is analyzed while using formations based both on a behavioral system and a system derived from centroidal Voronoi tessellations. Many software adaptations to the existing MASnet program are required, as well as some hardware adaptations, including development of a robust simulation platform that may be used in conjunction with the MASnet system, and exploration of a distributed formation system. While this work does not accomplish the overall goal of the MASnet platform -- to be able to locate and control a diffusion process -- it does further understanding of the way autonomous agents interact with their environment and develop tools that aid future research in the program, as well as introduce exciting new areas to which the platform can be applied.
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Hjärtström, Markus. "Utveckling av Breakoutbox för Fuel Flow Transmitter." Thesis, Linköping University, Electronics System, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59821.
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Development and construction of an electronic Breakout box is the main work for this thesis. The box is a part of a test system for the component Fuel Flow Transmitter and should convert signals to be suitable for a frequency counter. A previously constructed Breakoutbox for this purpose is being old and needed to be recreated. So SAAB Aerotech, Aircraft services, the company for the thesis work wanted to construct a new, more sustainable Breakoutbox adapted to a more modern technology. The signals to the box comes from the transmitter and should be converted to suitable signals for a frequency counter so it can show pulse and time difference between the signals. Both a digital and an analog approach for this purpose have been examined in the work. The result was that the analog solution worked better because the conversion could be performed with OP-amplifier instead of algorithms in a microprocessor. Many problems occured in this thesis work that wasn’t included in the beginning so the most important property proved to be the ability to solve this problems. The Breakout box finally met the requirements from the specification and will in the future be used instead of the old Breakout box as a component in the test system for the Fuel Flow Transmitter.
Det här arbetet handlar om att utveckla och konstruera en elektronisk Breakoutbox som används vid tester av bränslekomponenten Fuel Flow Transmitter. En tidigare konstruerad Breakoutbox för detta ändamål började bli gammal och behövde förnyas. SAAB Aerotech avdelning Aircraft Services, som examensarbetet utfördes åt, ville därför konstruera en ny, mer hållbar Breakoutbox som är anpassad till en modernare teknologi. Insignalerna till boxen kommer från transmittern och ska omvandlas så att en frekvensräknare kan visa pulstid samt tidsdifferens mellan dem. Både ett digitalt och ett analogt tillvägagångssätt för att omvandla signalerna har undersökts under arbetets gång. Resultatet blev att den analoga lösningen fungerade bättre för detta ändamål då omvandlingen kunde utföras med OP-förstärkare istället för algoritmer i en mikroprocessor. Den viktigaste egenskapen i arbetet visade sig vara problemlösning då många problem dök upp under arbetets gång som inte var medräknade från början. Breakoutboxen uppfyllde till slut de krav som fastställdes från början. Boxen kommer i fortsättningen att användas istället för den gamla Breakoutboxen som en komponent i bränsletestkedjan för Fuel Flow Transmittern.
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Sung, Joon Hyun. "Transmitter Strategies for Closed-Loop MIMO-OFDM." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5029.
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This thesis concerns communication across channels with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Specifically, we consider the closed-loop scenario in which knowledge of the state of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel is available at the transmitter. We show how this knowledge can be exploited to optimize performance, as measured by the zero-outage capacity, which is the capacity corresponding to zero outage probability. On at-fading channels, a closed-loop transmitter allocates different powers and rates to the multiple channel inputs so as to maximize zero-outage capacity. Frequency-selective fading channels call for a combination of orthogonal-frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and MIMO known as MIMO-OFDM. This exacerbates the allocation problem because it multiplies the number of allocation dimensions by the number of OFDM tones. Fortunately, this thesis demonstrates that simple allocations are sufficient to approach the zero-outage capacity. These simple strategies exploit the tendency for random MIMO channels to behave deterministically as the number of inputs becomes large.
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Jakobsson, Anders. "Amplitude path for a polar modulation transmitter." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96252.
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this is master tesis on characterisation and implementation of amplitude path for a polar modulation transmetter, targeted at bluethooth extended data rate ( EDR).bluethooth EDR uses quadrature modulation techniques to obtain higher data rates. these techniques use ampitude an phase modulation of a carrier to increas bitrate without increasing signal bandwidth compared to anly using amplitude or phas modulation. the amplitude path migjt be futher developed by investigating the use of higjer order anti-elaising filters together with group compesation. alternative solutions for the I/V-stage is also an important area of staudy.
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Gutierrez, Jorge. "Universal Digital Radio Transmitter for Multistandard Applications." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00865913.
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A new low power, wideband wireless transmitter able to convert any RF signal into a constant envelope signal enabling the use of a nonlinear and efficient power amplifier is presented. In the transmitter architecture, two normalized phase signals and the envelope are separated and processed separately. A 1-bit 2nd order SD modulator codes the envelope. Quantization noise is attenuated by a S&H interpolator introducing notches at multiples of the sampling frequency. Phase and Envelope signals are recombined and upconverted directly to radio frequencies using a novel full-digital, wideband quadrature modulator. This mixer takes advantage of the 1-bit SD output. As both LOs and envelope signals are represented by two-level signals, the product of these signals (XOR function) leads to a two-level signal, which can be used as command signal in the multiplexors. Phase signals or theirs complements that are generated by a simple Inversion Block are passed through this multiplexor at the rate of driving signals. This enables to implement a high frequency, wideband mixer instead of a more complex three-input modulator. This IQ mixer is very simple to implementate as it uses only CMOS logic gates. The generation of the quadrature clock signals in the mixer is obtained by carefully design of two paths to avoid mismatch to assure an error less than 1º (only demonstrated in simulation) and the use of SR flipflops to generate correctly the complementary signal prior to the divide-by-two circuit. Two asynchronous 9-bit DACs eliminate the 10-bit high-speed digital adder at the output of the IQ modulator and the 10-bit DAC before the PA, saving power and relaxing adder design constraints. Each DAC is divided into two full binary-weighted DACs of 4 and 5 bits. This topology enables to reduce the size ratios between the most and least significant bits related to a classic 9-bit binary-weighted structure (16 instead of 256). To test the speed and the gain control of the standalone DAC over 45 dB, a prototype DAC is designed in 0.13 ;m BiCMOS technology from STMicroelectronics together with a 1.4 GHz 9-bit CMOS ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS). Over the output power range, measurements show a SFDR>25 dB with a power dissipation of 25 mW at the maximum differential output power of -3 dBm (RL=50 @). The whole transmitter is designed and implemented and a prototype transmitter is built in 0.13 μm BiCMOS STMicroelectronics process. This low cost single chip digital radio transmitter demonstrates a data rate of 1.8 GHz. The image level is measured to be -12 dBc at this sampling frequency. Dynamic range in the transmitter is 35 dB for sampling frequencies lower than 800 MHz and 25 dB for higher sampling frequencies up to 1.8 GHz. For a two-tone signal, the maximum single-ended output power is -31dBm for each tone and the power dissipation is about 35 mW. This architecture enables flexible and software-defined transmitter. Sampling frequency in the SD coder can be varied to adapt to different communications standards in terms of in-band and outof-band noise requirements and variable LO frequencies can be used. Moreover, the transmitter can adapt dynamically the output power to the power amplifier depending of the required transmitted power at the output of the PA. The transmitter has demonstrated its potential for use as a universal transmitter for applications targeting any frequency band and modulation schema up to 900 MHz (carrier frequency) and occupies a die area of 300x320 ;m2. The generated differential signal can be easily amplified by a switched-mode Power Amplifier (PA) in an efficient way because it presents constant-envelope and the PA can work in the saturation zone, which represents its optimal operation point.
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Bernier, Eric 1974. "Transmitter for an adaptive redundant optical interconnect." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30782.
Full textAbstract:
The ever-increasing demand for bandwidth places a more stringent demand on the interconnections within electronic systems. Free space optical interconnection (FSOI) is a technology that satisfies the bandwidth requirements of newer systems. The development of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), which provides high yields and low cost makes FSOI possible. However, the packaging and alignment of opto-electronic components still dominate the manufacturing costs. A solution to the problem of alignment is to use spatial redundancy. One way to accomplish this is by increasing the number of possible optical links and using only a subset of those links to provide a collection of reliable high-speed channels.This thesis presents the implementation of a transmitter specially developed for a redundant channels alignment FSOI. The implementation consists of a 1.25Gb/s transmitter chip driving one element of a 3 x 3 VCSEL array. The driver chip was designed and fabricated from a commercial 25-Ghz Silicon bipolar process. The design, construction and integration aspects covering the microelectronics, electronics and packaging for the transmitter are summarized. Characterization results are presented for a transmission rate of 1 Gbit/s per channel.
29
Mansell, Adrian Richard. "Linear transmitter design for flexible mobile transceivers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361137.
Full text
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RODRIGUES, FERNANDO ALVES. "OPTICAL TRANSMITTER BASED ON POLARIZATION SHIFT KEYING." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=20784@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROO presente trabalho tem como objetivo a realização de um transmissor experimental para comunicações ópticas baseado na modulação por chaveamento de polarização da luz, conhecida como Polarization Shift Keying (PolSK). Realizamos análise teórica das vantagens e desvantagens da modulação PolSK frente aos requisitos de desempenho das comunicações ópticas atuais, entre os quais a eficiência espectral, o consumo de energia e roteamento totalmente óptico em redes transparentes. A principal abordagem da dissertação está relacionada ao ganho em eficiência espectral que pode ser alcançado com o uso de constelações de símbolos num espaço dimensional denominado espaço de Stokes. Dados obtidos de um transmissor experimental de baixa velocidade demonstram a geração de constelações de símbolos tridimensionais contendo oito símbolos numa geometria de hexaedro (cubo). Com base nos conceitos teóricos, o arranjo experimental que construímos pode ser reproduzido para funcionar em velocidades compatíveis com as taxas de transmissão das comunicações ópticas atuais.
The present work aims the experimental realization of an optical transmitter based on the Polarization Shift Keying modulation - known as (PolSK). We analyze theoretically both, advantages and disadvantages of PolSK modulation, emergent performance requirements for current optical communications systems, including spectral efficiency, power consumption and routing in the context of transparent all-optical networks. The main approach of the dissertation is related to the spectral efficiency gain that can be achieved when we use constellations of symbols in a dimensional space called Stokes space. Data from a low speed experimental transmitter demonstrate the generation of three-dimensional constellations of symbols containing eight symbols on hexahedron (cube) geometry. Based on the theoretical concepts we built the experiment, the setup can be replicated to operate at speeds compatible with transmission rates of current optical communications systems.
31
Eckler, Kyle. "Prototype MIMO Transmitter for Spin Stabilized Vehicles." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595804.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper describes the design of an inexpensive and scalable transmitter for a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system. The transmitter is intended to be used in aerospace applications, especially in spin stabilized vehicles. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) in the modulator will implement a modified Alamouti space time block code which will take advantage of the cyclostationary nature of the channel to increase the system data rate.
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Whiteman, Don. "A Low Cost TDRSS Compatible Transmitter Option." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604898.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe NASA Space-based Telemetry and Range Safety (STARS) program has developed and tested a low cost Ku-Band transmitter alternative for TDRSS applications based on an existing IRIG shaped offset quaternary phase shift keying (SOQPSK) transmitter. This paper presents information related to the implementation of this low cost system, as well as performance measurements of the alternative TDRSS transmitter system compared with an existing QPSK TDRSS transmitter.
33
Kanday, Balaji Madapuci. "Microcontroller Based Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Transmitter." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605952.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper describes how a microcontroller based system can be used to generate the signals needed in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system transmitter. The limited computational speed of the microcontroller, along with other tasks which the controller may need to handle, places limits on the throughput of the system, and the complexity of the MIMO signal design. However this can be a low cost design, and the microcontroller can be used to perform other operations in the system, which may make it attractive in some applications.
34
Fengden, Lou. "A New S-Band FM Telemetry Transmitter." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615224.
Full textAbstract:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1988 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper describes the design, test and the analysis of the test results of a new type S-band FM telemetry transmitter. Compared with the modulator adopting conventional fundamental crystal direct modulation, the transmitter which adopts UHF fundamental crystal direct modulation has a comparatively better modulation characteristics and a higher center frequency stability. The test results show that the deviation sensitivity of the transmitter is up to 400KHz/Vrms, frequency response is DC~200 KHz, total harmonic distortion is 3% and the center frequency stability is ten to the minus fifth power within the range of - 30~+70°c. Because of the high operating frequency of the modulator, the complicacy of the frequency multiplier has been requced, design of circuitry simplified and harmonic and spurious outputs has been improved to a great extent.
35
Gutierrez, Leon Jorge. "Universal digital radio transmitter for multistandard applications." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0433.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif de la thèse était l'étude des nouvelles architectures d’émetteur permettant l'utilisation des amplificateurs de puissance (PA) non linéaires et à forte rendement. Parmi les techniques étudiées, une solution utilisant un codage Sigma Delta de l'enveloppe a été retenue. Cette technique représente une évolution de la méthode classique dite EER. Un signal est séparé dans ses composantes enveloppe et phase. L'enveloppe est codée par un modulateur Sigma Delta. Les signaux de phase (I et Q normalises par l'enveloppe du signal) sont combinés avant le PA donnant l'ensemble un signal à enveloppe constante. Cette méthode représente le meilleur compromis possible en termes de bande passante (utilisation d'un modulateur sigma delta et absence de système de contre-réaction pouvant limiter la bande complexité et linéarité. D'autre part, une étude de l'architecture d'émetteur a été effectuée donnant les caractéristiques suivantes: besoin d'un émetteur purement numérique pour des raisons de coût, intégration et simplicité, intérêt d'une architecture multistandard et multibande (émetteur reconfigurable), besoin de supprimer le bruit de quantification du point bloquant au niveau du combineur de sortie (haute vitesse, forte consommation), contrôle de puissance de 45 dB (systèmes CDMA). Nous avons apporté dans notre etude des solutions aux problèmes cités précédemment : un filtre interpolateur à fréquence variable de type Sample-and-Hold permet de réduire le bruit loin de la bande de transmission, mélangeur IQ large bande numérique à base de fonctions logiques (très base consommation et surface) qui simplifie le mélangeur 3 entrées analogique, la combinaison en sortie est faite en courant à l'aide de 2 convertisseurs numérique analogique 9bits (CNA). La conception d'un CNA en technologie BiCMOS a permis de valider son fonctionnement à 1. 4GHz et avec un contrôle de gain de 45dB. Sa consommation maximale (puissance de sortie=-6dBm ) est de 25 mW (résultats de mesure). Dans une deuxième partie, on a réalisé le design de toute l'architecture d'émetteur (sauf le modulateur sigma delta en technologie BiCMOS 0. 13um de STMicroelectronics. Les résultats de mesure montrent la validité du principe. Cet émetteur bas-coût a eté mesuré à 1. 8 Géch/s et il a une taille de 300x320 µm2. Le niveau de signal image mesuré es de -15 dBc pour cette fréquence d’échantillonnage. La plage dynamique de l’émetteur designé est de 35 dB pour des fréquences d’échantillonnage inférierures à 800 MHz et 25 dB pour des fréquences jusqu’à 1. 8 GHz. La puissance maximale differentielle en sortie est égale à –28 dBm pour chaque raie et la puissance dissipée est de 35 mW. Une nouvelle architecture d’émetteur radio multistandard reconfigurable et contrôlable en puissance permettant d’utiliser un amplificateur de puissance à fort rendement a eté intégrée sur silicium et validée. On considère que cette architecture represente une revolution dans les radiocommunications mobiles. On est capable de générer un signal à enveloppe constante et donc d'amplifier par n'importe quel amplificateur de puissance d'une façon très efficace. Dans le cadre d'une application multistandard, on est capable d'adresser tout type de normes de communication, n'étant pas limité par la bande et avec un contrôle de gain de 45 dB. Cet émetteur s'avère être une solution très prometteuse pour les nouveaux systèmes de transmission, d'autant plus de sa faible consommation (35 mW à forte puissance)The advance of technologies makes that the wireless terminals must handle not only with voice and data but also more complex functionalities such as music, video and so on resulting in high data rates. It involves the use of more and more complex modulation schemes to be handled in the system (non-constant envelope signals). To overcome the trade-off existing in actual communication systems in the design of both high efficient and linear multimode transmitters and to reduce the number of building blocks, a new low power, wideband wireless transmitter able to convert any RF signal into a constant envelope signal enabling the use of a nonlinear and efficient power amplifier is presented. In the transmitter architecture, two normalized phase signals and the envelope are separated and processed separately. A 1-bit 2nd order sigma delta modulator codes the envelope. Quantization noise is attenuated by a S&H interpolator introducing notches at multiples of the sampling frequency. Phase and Envelope signals are recombined and upconverted directly to radio frequencies using a novel full-digital, wideband quadrature modulator. This mixer takes advantage of the 1-bit sigma delta output. As both LOs and envelope signals are represented by two-level signals, the product of these signals (XOR function) leads to a two-level signal, which can be used as command signal in the multiplexors. Phase signals or theirs complements that are generated by a simple Inversion Block are passed through this multiplexor at the rate of driving signals. This enables to implement a high frequency, wideband mixer instead of a more complex three-input modulator. This IQ mixer is very simple to implementate as it uses only CMOS logic gates. The generation of the quadrature clock signals in the mixer is obtained by carefully design of two paths to avoid mismatch to assure an error less than 1o (only demonstrated in simulation) and the use of SR flip-flops to generate correctly the complementary signal prior to the divide-by-two circuit. Two asynchronous 9-bit DACs eliminate the 10-bit high-speed digital adder at the output of the IQ modulator and the 10-bit DAC before the PA, saving power and relaxing adder design constraints. Each DAC is divided into two full binary-weighted DACs of 4 and 5 bits. This topology enables to reduce the size ratios between the most and least significant bits related to a classic 9-bit binary-weighted structure (16 instead of 256). To test the speed and the gain control of the stand-alone DAC over 45 dB, a prototype DAC is designed in 0. 13 µm BiCMOS technology from STMicroelectronics together with a 1. 4 GHz 9-bit CMOS ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS). Over the output power range, measurements show a SFDR>25 dB with a power dissipation of 25 mW at the maximum differential output power of -3 dBm (RL=50 Ω). The whole transmitter is designed and implemented and a protoype transmitter is built in 0. 13 m BiCMOS STMicroeletronics process. This low cost single chip digital radio transmitter demonstrates a data rate of 1. 8 GHz. The image level is measured to be -12 dBc at this sampling frequency. Dynamic range in the transmitter is 35 dB for sampling frequencies lower than 800 MHz and 25 dB for higher sampling frequencies up to 1. 8 GHz. For a two-tone signal, the maximum single-ended output power is -31dBm for each tone and the power dissipation is about 35 mW. This architecture enables flexible and software-defined transmitter. Sampling frequency in the sigma delta coder can be varied to adapt to different communications standards in terms of in-band and out-of-band noise requirements and variable LO frequencies can be used. Moreover, the transmitter can adapt dynamically the output power to the power amplifier depending of the required transmitted power at the output of the PA. The transmitter has demonstrated its potential for use as a universal transmitter for applications targeting any frequency band and modulation schema up to 900 MHz (carrier frequency) and occupies a die area of 300x320 µm2. The generated differential signal can be easily amplified by a switched-mode Power Amplifier (PA) in an efficient way because it presents constant-envelope and the PA can work in the saturation zone, which represents its optimal operation point
36
Kakarna, Tejaswi. "A 018μm Cmos Transmitter for Ecg Signals." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407805/.
Full textAbstract:
Electrocardiography (ECG) signal transmitter is the device used to transmit the electrical signals of the heart to the remote machine. These electrical signals are ECG signals caused due to electrical activities in the heart. ECG signals have very low amplitude and frequency; hence amplification of the signals is needed to strengthen the signal. Conversion of the amplified signal into digital information and transmitting that information without losing any data is the key. This information is further used in monitoring the heart.
37
DePardo, Dan. "C-BAND TELEMETRY TRANSMITTER OUTPUT FILTER DEVELOPMENT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624268.
Full textAbstract:
Telemetry frequency spectrum reductions and reallocations have prompted DoD test ranges to
adapt to operation in less desirable frequency ranges, such as C-Band, posing significant
challenges to operational capabilities that are vital to mission success. The design and
development of new high performance components and systems is essential to the successful
migration to C-Band spectrum allocations. This paper will detail the simulation and prototype
test results of an RF output filter tailored for an advanced C-Band telemetry transmitter design.
38
Nicholas, Paul J. "Optimal transmitter placement in wireless mesh networks." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA501886.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Alderson, David. "June 2009." Author(s) subject terms: Wireless Mesh Networks, Humanitarian Assistance, Disaster Relief, Distributed Operations, Enhanced Company Operations, Network Design, Nonlinear Programming, Terrain Integrated Rough Earth Model, TIREM, Hata COST-231, Simultaneous Routing and Resource Allocation, Dividing Rectangles, DIRECT, Access Points, Access Point Placement, C++ Description based on title screen as viewed on July 13, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-122). Also available in print.
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Korol, Victor. "The predistortion system for an ultrawideband transmitter." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1470298.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed December 2, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29).
40
Knight, David. "Pre-synaptic regulation of transmitter release probability /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16101.pdf.
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Yu-Hsuan, Liu. "RF Transmitter." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-1407200510573200.
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Liu, Yu-Hsuan, and 劉又瑄. "RF Transmitter." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01738922411740823436.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
93
A 5~ 6 GHz CMOS transmitter front-end has been designed in this work. This design contains I, Q up-conversion mixers and a VGA followed by an on-chip balun. I, Q mixers translate the baseband signal to a required frequency band and perform signal addition of in-phase and quadrature signal. The up-converted signal is amplified by a VGA to raise the output power level. Then a balun is added at the output for differential-to-single conversion. In order to process the large signals from baseband without saturating the circuit, the front-end demands high linearity performance. Besides, since in this frequency band, the standards such as 802.11a and 802.16e both apply the OFDM modulation scheme, the OFDM signal displays a high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) which sets extra requirement for linearity performance. Therefore, the major concern of this design is linearity such as high third order rejection and high OIP3. In the up-conversion mixer, we implement the MicroMixer structure. The class-AB topology improves the linearity of the circuit. To gain further bisymmetric baseband signals, the proposed transconductance stage is formed with a cross-coupled type. In VGA, we control the gain with four bits control words and these 16 gain steps are linear-in-dB. At the output of the VGA, an on-chip balun is employed for differential-to-single conversion. It also provides the output loading for the VGA and the low impedance at the output for 50 ohm matching. The whole circuit is integrated with a VCO and a divider as LO signal and it process very good performance in linearity.
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Yu, Li-Ren, and 余立人. "Flexible Thermoelectric Power Transmitter." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35706721396406738939.
Full textAbstract:
碩士華梵大學
機電工程學系博碩專班
97
The research of this thesis represents is that：Using the electrochemical deposition technique to deposit n-type (Bi2Te3) and p-type (Sb2Te3) thermoelectric material, and designing a interlock structure In-plane with p/n junction thin film in thermoelectric power transmitter. At the end, I design a simple manufacturing process to electroform mold and curing a flexible structure successfully by simple equipment in atmosphere sucessfully. In place of the complicated and expensive Lithographic process in cleanroom. After the experiment, try to deposit n-type (Bi2Te3) and p-type (Sb2Te3) thermoelectric thin film with best parameter. And then the n-type (Bi2Te3) Seebeck can reach 75μV/K, the p-type (Sb2Te3) can reach 175.7μV/K. To compare with the output power and output voltage when the thickness of thermoelectric p/n junction thin film is 2.5μm, the thin film area is 4.8 cm2, different p/n junction width and different couples of p/n junction. At last, the max output voltage I can reach is 122.8mV, the max output power is 19.58μW when the thin film width is 5mm, 2 couples of p/n junctions. When the max output voltage is 236.9mV, the max output power is 26.72μW when the thin film width is 5mm, 6 couples of p/n junctions. To compare with the output power and output voltage when p/n junction width is 5mm, 2 couples of p/n junction, the different thickness of thermoelectric p/n junction thin film and the different thin film area. At last, the max output voltage I can reach is 167.9mV, the max output power is 176.2μW when the thickness of thin film width is 7.5μm.
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Marques, Rúben Pereira. "Transmitter for 5G systems." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/26933.
Full textAbstract:
The current 4G systems are based on the OFDM modulation which, while
providing great
exibility and intricacy to the multipath propagation inherent
in wireless systems, it has great variations in their temporal envelope
which causes high PAPR and, consequently, obstacles in the PAs performance.
In this sense, the emergence of 5G systems has given rise high
hopes of reducing the above mentioned problems of 4G systems, allowing
more eficient data transmission.
In the simulation of wireless communication system there are two simulation
domains that must be taken into account: the system analysis that allows
the study of diferent modulations and the circuit analysis that, in turn,
allows the study of nonlinear circuits, as is the case of PAs present in these
systems. In this way, it becomes important to unite these two domains
allowing the existence of a unifying simulation tool, which has been called
the simulation platform. With this platform it is possible, besides joining
two domains hitherto analyzed separately, not only to study the behaviour
of a 5G system but also any other system due to its adaptability.
Thus, the system analysis is performed with the help of MATLAB software,
in which three types of digital modulation (QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM
modulation) will be studied along with OFDM modulation. For the circuit
analysis it was used the ADS circuit simulation software, which will analyze
the behavior of two types of PAs (a Class B and a Doherty).
As a way of testing its functioning, the platform simulations were performed
for three diferent con gurations: SISO, SISO in which the PA model was
replaced by a polynomial approximation, and Alamouti 2x1 (particular case
of the MISO con guration). Finally, the tests of functioning of the simulation
platform are nalized with the comparison of the simulations using the
BEROs atuais sistemas 4G são baseados na modulação Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) que apesar de garantir uma grande exibilidade e robustez à propagação multi-percurso inerente aos sistemas sem fi os, possui grandes variações nas respetivas envolventes temporais o que causa um elevado Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) e, consequentemente, limitações no desempenho dos ampli cadores de potência (do inglês, Power Ampli ers (PAs)). Neste sentido, o aparecimento dos sistemas 5G têm suscitado grandes esperanças na redução dos problemas mencionados anteriormente, permitindo uma transmissão de dados mais e ficiente. Na simulação de um sistema de comunicações sem fi os há dois domínios de simulação principais que se devem ter em consideração: a análise de sistema que permite o estudo de diferentes modulações e a análise de circuito que, por sua vez, permite o estudo de circuitos não-lineares, como é o caso dos PAs presentes nestes sistemas. Desta forma, torna-se importante unir estes dois domínios possibilitando a existência de uma ferramenta de simulação unifi cadora, à qual se atribuiu a designação de plataforma de simulação. Com a plataforma de simulação consegue-se, além de unir dois domínios até agora analisados separadamente, não só estudar o comportamento de um sistema 5G mas também de qualquer outro devido à sua adaptabilidade. Assim, a análise de sistema é efetuada com o auxílio do software MATLAB, onde são estudados três tipos de modulação digital (modulação Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) e 64-QAM) juntamente com a modulação OFDM. Para a análise de circuito recorreu-se ao software de simulação de circuitos Advanced Design System (ADS), onde se analisou o comportamento de dois tipos de PAs (um Classe B e um Doherty). Como forma de teste do funcionamento da plataforma, foi efetuada a simulação para três confi gurações diferentes: Single-Input Single-Output (SISO), SISO em que se substituiu o modelo do Power Ampli er (PA) por uma aproximação polinomial e Alamouti 2x1 (caso particular da configuração Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO)). Por último, os testes do funcionamento da plataforma de simulação são fi nalizados com a comparação das simulações recorrendo ao Bit Error Rate (BER)
Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
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Mendes, João Paulo Louro. "Outphasing mobile communications transmitter." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/26110.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation proposes the implementation of an Outphasing PA architecture for mobile communication transmitters. In this work, the main focus is the development of a functional prototype that demonstrates power efficiency improvements at high power back-off, when compared to traditional configurations.
The proposed architecture suggests the signal component separator to be implemented in the digital domain, allow the device to become more flexible. Also, unlike the traditional Outphasing, the input power at the branches is not constant: it can change freely to benefit PAE at higher OPBO.
The amplifier was implemented using two 10 W GaN HEMT and it obtained a maximum power between 43.42 dBm and 43.73 dBm in bandwidth of [2.25;2.40] GHz (its operational bandwidth). The drain efficiency, the maximum values vary between 64.3 % and 58.4 %, and the maximum PAE between 55.9 % and 58.4 %. For 2.30 GHz, its best operational frequency, PAE is higher than 50 % until -6.0 dB of OPBO.
To be able to implement this configuration on a mobile communication system in a less demanding manner for the digital processing unit, the usage of polynomial equations, that describe the power of the input signal into the necessary branch signals, has been studied in this document. In the performed tests, it was observed that the power and the efficiency performances of the PA does not substantially change, even with the usage of low order polynomials. Yet, low order polynomials may compromise the linearity of the amplifier.
When tested with a LTE signal with PAPR of 10.33 dB or with a 4-carrier GSM signal with PAPR of 6.2 dB, both with a bandwidth of 10 MHz, the amplifier shows considerable amounts of distortion. That is demonstrated in the three evaluated performance metrics: AM-AM; AM-PM; and ACLR. The average efficiency levels reach 50 % for the GSM signal and 36 % for the LTE one. After digital predistortion was applied, an improvement of the evaluated metric was observed. This scenario was tested for the LTE signal, using the 7th order polynomial in the signal component separator. The ACLR lowered from -21 dBc to -56 dBc; the AM-AM variation from 2.3 dB to 0.6 dB; and the AM-PM variation from 61.0o to 3.2o. This while the average efficiency increased from 30 % to 36 %.
In the end, the objectives of this work were concluded, and the produced prototype can equate to some of the state-of-the-art reference works.Esta dissertação propõe a implementação de uma aquitectura Outphasing de amplificador de potência para transmissores de comunicações móveis. O principal foco do trabalho é a obtenção de um protótipo funcional, que demonstre melhorias em termos de rendimento de potência em regime de back-off, em relação a outras configurações tradicionais. A arquitectura proposta sugere que o separador de sinais seja implementado no domínio digital, conferindo maior versatilidade ao dispositivo. Para alem disso, ao contrario do Outphasing tradicional, a potência dos sinais de entrada dos ramos do PA não e constante: poderá variar livremente para beneficiar o PAE a maiores OPBOs. O amplificador foi implementado usando dois GaN HEMT de 10 W e obteve uma potência máxima entre 43.42 dBm e 43.73 dBm na banda [2.25; 2.40] GHz (a sua banda de operação). Desta forma o amplificador possui 6.5 % de largura de banda. Em termos de rendimento de dreno, os valores máximos variam entre 64.3%e 68.7%, enquanto que o PAE máximo varia entre 55.9%e 58.4%. Para 2.3GHz, a sua melhor frequência de operação, o PAE mantém-se superior a 50 % ate -6.0 dB de OPBO. Para poder implementar esta configuração num sistema de comunicações móveis de forma menos exigente para a unidade de processamento digital, foi estudada a implementação do separador de sinais através de equações polinomiais que traduzam os sinais de entrada do sistema nos sinais necessários para os ramos. Nos testes feitos, foi possível verificar que o desempenho do PA, em termos de potência e eficiência, não varia substancialmente, mesmo quando a ordem do polinómio é baixa. No entanto, esta redução da ordem do polinómio pode comprometer a linearidade do amplificador. Quando testado com um sinal LTE com 10.33 dB de PAPR ou com um sinal GSM de 4 portadoras com 6.2 dB, ambos com 10 MHz de largura de banda, o amplificador demonstra níveis de distorção consideráveis. Isso é demonstrado nas três métricas de desempenho avaliadas: AM-AM; AM- PM; e ACLR. Os níveis de eficiência média atingem os 50 % para o sinal GSM e 36% para o sinal LTE. Após a utilização de pré-distorção, o amplificador melhorou as métricas avaliadas. Este cenário foi testado para o sinal LTE e utilizando um polinómio de 7a ordem no separador de sinais. O ACLR baixou de -21 dBc para -56 dBc; a variação AM-AM de 2.3 dB para 0.6 dB; e a variação AM-PM de 61.0o para 3.2o. Isto enquanto o rendimento médio aumentou de 30 % para 36 %. No final, os objectivos do trabalho foram concluídos, pelo que o protótipo produzido se equipara a alguns trabalhos de referência na literatura.
Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
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Hamedi-Hagh, Sotoudeh. "CMOS wireless phase shifted transmitter /." 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188871051&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=12520&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
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Mukkavilli, Krishna Kiran. "Transmitter diversity and coding schemes." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17365.
Full textAbstract:
We analyze wireless communication systems employing multiple-transmit multiple-receive antennas in this thesis. Space-time codes have been proposed in the literature as an efficient means of coding over multiple transmit antennas. In particular, the rank and the determinant of code difference matrices have been shown to be important in the design of space time codes in quasi-static fading channels. In this thesis, we investigate the problem of maximizing the coding gain given by the minimum of the determinants of the code difference matrices. We show that equal singular values of the code difference matrices is a necessary and sufficient condition for obtaining optimal coding gain. We also show that equal singular values lead to robust codes. Finally, we present the construction of enhanced dimensional trellis coded modulation (EDTCM) codes based on equal singular values.
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Wang, Zhi Xuan, and 王志軒. "Linearization reasearch of optical transmitter." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91942183303613726535.
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陳俊仁. "2.4GHz Transmitter Design and Measurement." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38935117604462174713.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
電機工程學系碩士班
89
In this thesis, we discuss RF transmitter circuits which including frequency synthesizer and power amplifier, driving amplifier, mixer, band pass filter, vco of direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system, which are essential parts of a DSSS system. The system frequency range from 2.412GHz to 2.484GHz and divided into 14 channels with 5MHz channel spacing. We use the CLY2 transistor of SIEMENS to design power amplifier and transistor BFP420 of SIEMENS to design driving amplifier. The phase locked loop formed by a NS LMX2326 synthesizer, passive loop filter, reference clock, DELTA vco and 8051 microprocessor circuits. Besides, we use the TOKO ISM band pass filter and MINICIRCUIT ADE-30 mixer to complete a 2.4GHz transmitter. The transmitter can offer 18.37dBm output power, 19.5dB system gain and 18.5dBm P1dB, all of the measurement data meet the 802.11b specification very well.
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"Transmitter adaptation for CDMA systems." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890380.
Full textAbstract:
Kwan Ho-yuet.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-[87]).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- An Overview on Transmitter Optimization --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Transmitter Precoding Methods --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Chip Waveform Optimization --- p.3
Chapter 1.1.3 --- Signature Sequence Adaptation --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- Receiver Optimization --- p.5
Chapter 1.3 --- Nonlinear Optimization with Constraints --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Lagrange Multiplier Methods --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Penalty Function Methods --- p.7
Chapter 1.4 --- Outline of Thesis --- p.8
Chapter 2 --- Transmitter Adaptation Scheme for AWGN Channels --- p.10
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.10
Chapter 2.2 --- System Model --- p.12
Chapter 2.3 --- Adaptation Algorithm --- p.13
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Receiver optimization --- p.14
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Single-user transmitter optimization --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Decentralized transmission scheme --- p.20
Chapter 2.4 --- Modification of the sequence adaptation algorithm --- p.25
Chapter 2.5 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.28
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Performance of the decentralized scheme --- p.28
Chapter 2.5.2 --- System Capacity with Target SNR Constraints --- p.29
Chapter 2.5.3 --- Performance of modified sequences --- p.31
Chapter 2.6 --- Summary --- p.33
Chapter 3 --- Transmitter Adaptation Schemes for Rayleigh Fading Channels --- p.34
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.34
Chapter 3.2 --- Sequence Adaptation for MC-CDMA Systems --- p.36
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Multi-sequence MC-CDMA systems --- p.36
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Single Sequence MC-CDMA systems --- p.41
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.45
Chapter 3.3 --- Sequence Adaptation for Wideband CDMA System in Fading Channels --- p.50
Chapter 3.3.1 --- System Model and Algorithm Development --- p.50
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.56
Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.60
Chapter 4 --- Practical Issues on Sequence Adaptation --- p.61
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.61
Chapter 4.2 --- Preliminary --- p.62
Chapter 4.3 --- Sequence Adaptation Algorithm with Perfect Estimation of SNR --- p.63
Chapter 4.4 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.68
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Typical Behaviour Analysis --- p.71
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Average Performance Analysis --- p.72
Chapter 4.5 --- Sequence Adaptation Algorithm with imperfect estimation of pre- vious state SNR --- p.75
Chapter 4.6 --- Performance Evaluation --- p.77
Chapter 4.7 --- Summary --- p.79
Chapter 5 --- Conclusions and Future Works --- p.81
Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusions --- p.81
Chapter 5.2 --- Future Works --- p.83
Bibliography --- p.84