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Journal articles on the topic 'Transnational environmental issues'
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1
BOARDMAN, HARRY G. "Transnational Oil: Issues, Policies and Perspectives." Natural Resources Forum 11, no. 1 (February 1987): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.1987.tb00297.x.
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Carlarne, Cinnamon, and Daniel Farber. "Law Beyond Borders: Transnational Responses to Global Environmental Issues." Transnational Environmental Law 1, no. 1 (April 2012): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2047102512000039.
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Levy, Barry S., and Jane H. Ives. "The Export of Hazard: Transnational Corporations and Environmental Control Issues." Journal of Public Health Policy 8, no. 3 (1987): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3342299.
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Auld, Graeme, Michele Betsill, and Stacy D. VanDeveer. "Transnational Governance for Mining and the Mineral Lifecycle." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 43, no. 1 (October 17, 2018): 425–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102017-030223.
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This review focuses on transnational governance in the minerals and mining sector. Although several initiatives have emerged to address specific governance challenges in this sector, knowledge of these efforts is piecemeal and little is known about patterns in transnational governance development across this issue area. We address these gaps by reviewing the extant research literature and analyzing empirical examples of transnational minerals and mining governance, using the gold sector as an illustrative case. We identify the social, humanitarian, security, and environmental problems manifest along the mineral lifecycle and consider the extent to which existing transnational governance initiatives address these issues. We call for future scholarship that addresses the diversity of transnational governance practices in the minerals and mining sector and explains emergent patterns in the particular forms of governance that dominate this issue area, as well the types of problems that have (and have not) received attention.
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Vizzoto, Andrieli Diniz, Jorge Renato de Souza Verschoore, and Iuri Gavronski. "Exploring Transnational Advocacy Networks for Environmental Sustainability." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160209.
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This study aims to explore papers and assess how they have been addressing TAN features to understand better and explore a structure for the effectiveness of transnational advocacy networks (TANs) for environmental sustainability. Based on data collected, papers on the thematic of transnational advocacy networks for the environment were selected and explored to understand better what features are shown and under what light. Transnational advocacy networks for environmental issues are common in the literature, as the topic draws the attention of nongovernmental organizations. Many of the papers explore at least one of three pillars among the results, and frequently more than one is brought up into theoretical and empirical discussion. These results highlight specific features among each of the characteristics, building a framework so that TANs may have a path to structure their activities to achieve their goals more effectively. Further studies may advance this knowledge in practice. This study seeks to contribute to the existing literature from a theoretical perspective, integrating and exploring the dimensions of transnational advocacy networks and considering a possible structure to improve their results.
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Bretherton, Charlotte. "Movements, Networks, Hierarchies: A Gender Perspective on Global Environmental Governance." Global Environmental Politics 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638003322068245.
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Environmental governance may be distinguished from environmental management by the implication that, in the former, some form of participatory process is involved. Here, the focus is upon the potential for women's movements and networks to influence the principles and practices of global environmental governance (GEG). It is contended that, in principle, women are uniquely placed to oppose the dominant norms informing GEG; and that women's participation would, in consequence, be crucial to the achievement of equitable and environmentally sound forms of governance. In practice, however, a number of factors combine to create divisions between women, and hence to impede transnational mobilization by women around environmental issues. This article examines these issues.
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AFFOLDER, NATASHA. "Transnational Conservation Contracts." Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s092215651200012x.
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AbstractTransnational environmental law is the subject of growing scholarly interest. Yet, much work remains to be done to fill in both the conceptual and empirical contours of this field. One methodological challenge that transnational law poses is the need to look beyond traditional sources of international and national law. This article contributes to efforts to understand transnational law's multilayered architecture by drawing attention to the use of transnational contracts as a mechanism to protect habitats and species. The diverse and proliferating examples of conservation contracts discussed in this article – which include forest carbon agreements, conservation concessions, debt-for-nature swaps, conservation performance payments, and private protected area agreements – reveal an ongoing and intensifying transnational attempt to use private contracts to address some of the most pressing issues of common concern. This article draws on fairness theory in both contract and international environmental law to argue for law's relevance in interpreting conservation's call for contracts.
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Radavoi, Ciprian N., and Yongmin Bian. "Enhancing the Accountability of Transnational Corporations: The Case for ‘Decoupling’ Environmental Issues." Environmental Law Review 16, no. 3 (July 2014): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/enlr.2014.16.3.216.
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Kamaruddin, Hanim, and Muhamad Azham Marwan. "Towards extra-jurisdictional environmental management in combating transnational environmental crimes in Malaysia from a legal aspect." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.10 (April 2, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10.10948.
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Environmental deterioration in Southeast Asia region can be attributed to illegal logging and timber smuggling which contributes to deforestation, wildlife smuggling, black-market transactions in ozone-depleting substances and dumping of other forms of hazardous wastes and chemical, illegal open burning incidents that can lead to air pollution contributing to transnational impacts. Controlling activities that are taking place within one State resulting to environmental impacts in another State is not uncommon in environmental issues and thus, such activities are construed as environmental crimes at times. Hence, any illegal activities within another jurisdiction must be addressed efficiently as the conduct of such activities are becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex partly due to the nature of transnational activities that operate beyond national boundaries. This article will discuss transnational environmental crime in Malaysia and Southeast Asia region and assess the application of adopting extra-jurisdictional approach to combat transnational environmental crime by drawing the example from Singapore’s experience of passing the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014 to tackle challenges of haze pollution that are caused by activities in another State. The finding of this article suggests that extra-jurisdictional legislation is a common management tool in international law based on the international principle of territorial sovereign applies to conduct of a State within its territory. There seemed to be an exception that stems from a principle known as ‘objective territoriality principle’ under international law that allows another State to make claims against another State that commits environmental crime resulting to transnational impacts. The efficiency of extra-jurisdictional approach will be analysed based on Malaysia’s experiences in tackling transnational environmental crimes by reviewing domestic policies, local legislations and relevant international agreements to ensure that environmental protection is sustained.
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Davis, Ann. "Book Review: The Export of Hazard. The Transnational Corporations and Environmental Control Issues." Humanity & Society 10, no. 4 (November 1986): 492–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016059768601000412.
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Aguilar Delgado, Natalia, and Paola Perez-Aleman. "Inclusion in Global Environmental Governance: Sustained Access, Engagement and Influence in Decisive Spaces." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 10052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810052.
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With increased participation of non-state actors in global governance, the inclusion of vulnerable groups in making sustainability regulations remains a relevant challenge requiring more research. Based on an ethnographic study on creating the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing of biological resources and knowledge, we advance a new multi-dimensional view of inclusion that integrates sustained access, involvement, and influence in the intergovernmental negotiation meetings. We elaborate the concept of decisive spaces, that is, less accessible settings where diverse actors interact in a deliberative way to co-produce recommendations and solutions to an issue that highly influence the regulatory and governance decisions. We argue that the inclusion of vulnerable actors depends on their continuous access to and involvement in these decisive spaces for creating and implementing transnational regulations. Our findings advance the understanding of inclusion for addressing challenges facing transnational governance of environmental, equity, and social justice issues.
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Murphy, Sean D. "Prospective Liability Regimes for the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes." American Journal of International Law 88, no. 1 (January 1994): 24–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2204021.
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At the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, governments decided to cooperate “in an expeditious and more determined manner” to develop international law regarding liability and compensation for transnational environmental damage. UNCED, however, did not decide whether this development should proceed broadly through codification of principles or rules encompassing all types of transnational environmental damage or more narrowly through the establishment of liability and compensation regimes tailored to specific issues of environmental damage.
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Woldegiyorgis, Ayenachew Aseffa. "Transnational Diaspora Engagements in HIgher Education:." International Journal of African Higher Education 8, no. 2 (May 23, 2021): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v8i2.13475.
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The literature on diaspora engagement in higher education focuses on broadenvironmental, policy, and institutional issues as critical determinants ofthe scope and efficiency of engagement. Using data from interviews with 16Ethiopian diaspora academics in the United States, this article undertakesa micro-examination of factors in their personal spaces and immediateenvironment that influence such engagement. Using a phenomenologicalapproach, it examines how professional, personal, familial and otherindividual attributes shape the trajectories of diaspora engagement. Itdemonstrates how nuances in personal and micro-environmental factorsshape motivation for, and sustenance of, engagement, while they maintaina complex and interdependent relationship. The article concludes byhighlighting the importance of a holistic approach to the study of diasporaengagement in higher education that pays attention to personal and microenvironmentalfactors as well as institutional, legal, and political issues.
Key words: Ethiopia, Ethiopian diaspora, diaspora engagement, highereducation, transnational engagement
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Sampson, Robyn. "Book Review: Detaining the Immigrant Other: Global and Transnational Issues." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 29, no. 2 (March 2017): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539517694283.
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Smith, Katherine Reichelderfer. "Agroenvironmental Economic Research for the 21st Century: Anticipating and Responding to Change." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 23, no. 2 (October 1994): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500002227.
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It is proposed that “real” research issues are socially relevant, provide findings with utility beyond the profession, and are anticipatory. An industrializing agricultural sector, an evolving political economy of agroenvironmental policy, an increasingly transnational economy, and rapid population growth are important sources of change to which research on real agroenvironmental issues must respond. Specific, identified “real” research issue areas include: benefit-risk assessment methodology; agroenvironmental regulation for industrialized agriculture; trade agreements and environmental quality; the recreation-tourism-agriculture interface; sustainable development; and the formation of preferences. The nature of identified issues suggests more interdisciplinary research, and advances in theory and methodology.
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Almeida, Paul. "Climate Justice and Sustained Transnational Mobilization." Journal of World-Systems Research 25, no. 2 (September 3, 2019): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2019.946.
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Samir Amin’s final essay called for the creation of a new international organization of progressive social forces. This essay provides evidence from twenty-first century transnational movements on the likelihood of the emergence of such an international organization and the issues and sectors most likely to facilitate coalitional unity. More specifically, the ecological crises identified by Amin in the form of global warming and climate change create an unprecedented global environmental threat capable of unifying diverse social strata across the planet. The climate justice movement has already established a global infrastructure and template to coordinate a new international organization to confront neoliberal forms of globalization. Pre-existing movement organizing around environmental racism, climate justice in the global South, and recent intersectional mobilizations serve as promising models essential to building an enduring international organization representing subaltern groups.
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Payne, Phillip G. "LOCATIONS, TRANSLOCAL AND TRANSNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION RESEARCH IN THE ANTHROPOCENE." Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental 13 (May 14, 2018): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18675/2177-580x.vol13.especial.p10-22.
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For more than two decades, the Invitational Seminar on Research Development in Environmental (and Health) Education series has provided a unique opportunity for participants from around the planet to discuss critical problems, trends and issues in environmental education research (EER) and environmental education (EE). Using a critical realist/materialist ‘history of the present’ method, this brief commentary outlines some of the key principles and purposes of the Seminar series that helped shape the framing, conceptualization, and contextualization of the 13th Invitational Seminar held in Bertioga, Brazil in 2015. The main theme of the 13th Seminar, posed as a researchable question, was: “What is ‘critical’ about critical environmental education research (EER)?”. There are persistent concerns that the early promise and potential of EE in the 1970s is being diminished as the field develops, diversifies and is absorbed into certain dominant logics and/or prevailing practices. The Seminar series is an attractive alternative for researchers historically committed to a critical praxis of EER that promotes environmental ethics and socio-ecological justices. For the first time in the series, environmental education researchers from Brazil (as an indicator of Latin/South America) were invited to give ‘voice’ to their research efforts. In Brazil, there is an emergent ‘body of knowledge’ that serves environmentally as a ‘location of knowledge’. Possibly, this ‘literature base’ represents a distinctive ‘geo-epistemological’ understanding of the local, translocal, national, regional, and transnational achievements and aspirations of the ‘Brazilianess’ of EER. As an evolving history of the present (and future), this commentary concludes with some basic recommendations for the future local and translocal development of ‘post-critical’ framings of inquiry that highlight the importance of sustaining locations of knowledge production in and for critical perspectives of environmental education research.
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Doyle, Timothy. "Environmental Campaigns Against Mining in Australia and The Philippines." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.7.1.9581642670501424.
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With so much academic attention accorded to the features of globalization, it is often uncritically accepted that environmental campaigns are also becoming more global. While there is no doubt that the national agendas of mainstream environmentalism are challenged by the perception that ecological issues are simultaneously local and transnational, the extent of this transnational greening tends to be exaggerated. Southern and Northern movements pursue vastly different campaigns and use different ideologies to justify their actions and strategies. This article reviews environmental campaigns in two countries, Australia and the Philippines, against the Western Mining Corporation. Both campaigns were directed at one particular mine in each country: in Australia, an underground copper and uranium mine at Roxby Downs in the state of South Australia; in the Philippines, an open-pit copper mine at Tampakan in the southern island of Mindanao. Although Southern and Northern green movements share elements of environmental discourse and identity, a close examination of these protest campaigns highlights the fundamental differences between Southern and Northern movements
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Forchtner, Bernhard, and Christoffer Kølvraa. "The Nature of Nationalism: Populist Radical Right Parties on Countryside and Climate." Nature and Culture 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 199–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2015.100204.
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This article inquires into how contemporary populist radical right parties relate to environmental issues of countryside and climate protection, by analyzing relevant discourses of the British National Party (BNP) and the Danish People's Party (DPP). It does so by looking at party materials along three dimensions: the aesthetic, the symbolic, and the material. The article discusses to what extent the parties' political stances on environmental issues are conditioned by deeper structures of nationalist ideology and the understandings of nature embedded therein. It illustrates a fundamental difference between the way nationalist actors engage in, on the one hand, the protection of nature as national countryside and landscape, epitomizing the nation's beauty, harmony and purity over which the people are sovereign. On the other hand, they deny or cast doubt on environmental risks located at a transnational level, such as those that relate to climate. The article argues that this apparent inconsistency is rooted in the ideological tenets of nationalism as the transnational undermines the nationalist ideal of sovereignty.
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Binnie, J. "Invisible Europeans: Sexual Citizenship in the New Europe." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 2 (February 1997): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a290237.
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In this paper I consider issues of transnational sexual citizenship. I examine the issue of international migration of lesbians and gay men. For lesbian and gay prospective migrants, obtaining citizenship rights is difficult owing to the laws affording status being based on bloodlines and marriage. This immediately excludes lesbian and gay relationships, which are generally not recognised for the purpose of obtaining rights of residence. I explore these issues in the context of the different policies towards the migration of lesbians and gay men in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
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Baldwin, Robert, Julia Black, and Gerard O’Leary. "Risk Regulation and Transnationality: Institutional Accountability as a Driver of Innovation." Transnational Environmental Law 3, no. 2 (June 26, 2014): 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2047102514000120.
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AbstractThis article describes the processes that led the Irish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop a National Inspection Plan for domestic waste water treatment systems, following intervention from European Union institutions. The discussion focuses on two issues: the role of transnational institutional settings in galvanizing innovation and regulatory reform, and the practical challenges of dealing with lower risks. It is argued that multi-level transnational regimes have considerable potential to stimulate high-level reviews of regulatory strategy. As a result, lower risks present challenges that cannot be ignored in favour of policies that focus on the most severe risks. Traditional risk regulation theories, it is contended, do not provide much assistance in selecting intervention strategies in the face of such pressures, but the example of the Irish EPA shows how regulators can address these issues.
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Park, Albert L. "The Reshaping of Landscapes: Systems of Mediation, War, and Slow Violence." Journal of Asian Studies 77, no. 2 (February 14, 2018): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911817001401.
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John Lee's, David Fedman's, and Lisa Brady's essays persuasively show the value of studying environmental issues on the Korean peninsula. Each of the essays carefully explains how drives led by individuals and entities, such as the state, engineered nature for human needs, security, and later economic growth. In so doing, they show how these drives simultaneously altered nature and remade institutions, systems, and cultures that influenced people's agency and identity and reshaped forms of consciousness. By judiciously making visible the agents and social forces behind the reconstitution of nature, the essays collectively introduce diverse approaches to the study of environmental issues in Asia and elsewhere. Most of all, they demonstrate that transnational environmental history on the Korean peninsula can no longer be overlooked when dwelling on and debating major historical and theoretical issues in Korean, Asian, and environmental studies.
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Kerr, Rachel Bezner. "Lessons from the old Green Revolution for the new: Social, environmental and nutritional issues for agricultural change in Africa." Progress in Development Studies 12, no. 2-3 (June 28, 2012): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499341101200308.
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Recent efforts for an ‘Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa’ (AGRA) promote fertilizer, hybrid seeds, pesticides and biotechnology to increase agricultural production. This article examines the original Green Revolution to understand potential effects of a recent promotion of related technologies in Africa. Using a case study of Malawi, the implications of promoting high-input, intensive agriculture on food security, social relations and nutrition are considered. I argue that unless social inequalities and environmental concerns are taken into account, these technologies will intensify inequalities, increase environmental degradation and exacerbate malnutrition for the rural majority, while benefitting the urban poor, larger-scale farmers, agro-input dealers and transnational corporations involved in agribusiness.
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Erler, Gernot. "Key Issues of the German osce Chairmanship 2016." Security and Human Rights 26, no. 1 (December 29, 2015): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750230-02601006.
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Under the motto “Renewing Dialogue, Rebuilding Trust, Restoring Security”, the German osce Chairmanship 2016 will emphasize five priority areas. The primary focus will continue to be crisis and conflict management in and around Ukraine and in the other so-called protracted conflicts. Second, to this end it is necessary to strengthen the osce’s crisis reaction capacities. Third, the osce must be used as a forum for dialogue on a broad range of issues from arms control, via common transnational threats and other questions of European security, to shared understandings of principles and commitments. Fourth, the economic and environmental dimension should be used more effectively, and business should be given a stronger voice in osce forums. Finally, in the human dimension, Germany will pay special attention to issues closely related to current crises and security developments, such as tolerance and non-discrimination, freedom of expression, freedom of the media, and minority rights.
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Reimann, Kim. "Building Networks from the Outside In: International Movements, Japanese Ngos, and the Kyoto Climate Change Conference." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.6.1.h7112u322t021071.
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Since the late 1980s, there has been a sudden rise in the number of advocacy NGOs in Japan involved in global and transnational environmental issues. This is a surprising development considering the difficult domestic conditions faced by social activists in Japan trying to organize at the national level. To explain these recent changes, this article looks to three international processes: (1) international opportunities, (2) transnational diffusion, and (3) international socialization of state actors. Using the case of Kiko Forum, a Japanese network organization created in 1996 to mobilize support for ambitious greenhouse gas reductions, this article traces how these three processes provided new external resources for activists and altered domestic structures themselves.
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Cansi, Francine, and Joaquin Melgarejo Moreno. "Water as a transnational element: a reflection on governance and global environmental management." Revista Justiça do Direito 34, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): 06–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5335/rjd.v34i3.12095.
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Considering water as an essential good for life on earth, reflecting on management and governance will be timely relevant. Governance for equitable water allocation is closely linked to a decentralized regime without strengthening competence at the subnational level. Having made such observations, the present study through the inductive method and the literature review through the thought of classical and contemporary authors, by the succinct writing format, does not wish to propose or hope to present solutions for water management, but rather to offer some contribution for a transnational look, as a possibility of a civilizing governance of an indispensable resource to life in all its senses, water. Considering that the causal elements of inequalities are territorial, there is a lack of coordination that seeks solutions to water, sometimes too much, sometimes in scarcity, sometimes polluted. From a demographic perspective, they reflect the intrinsic characteristics of local dynamics, diversity in access, including basic sanitation and the concentration of the deficit in certain population groups, whose priority is to make management decisions at mutually compatible and effective administrative levels. Thus, with the goal of identifying long-term trends, important factors and actors for defining issues on a global scale seek to understand variables that may influence the international scenario of sustainability and transnational water governance.
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Bastari, Gema Ramadhan. "Regionalisme Isu Lingkungan Asia Tenggara (1997-2000)." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 5, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.5.1.42-60.2016.
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Southeast Asia is an ever growing region. Since 1970, the region hasshown a strongperformance in economic growth and it’s still continued even today. However, the strong economic growth of Southeast Asia also lead to serious externalities in a form of environmental degradation. Deforestation and pollution which has been done in one country affected the nearby countries as well, decreasing the air quality in urban area, and creating many cases of economic losses and health issues. At one point, the Southeast Asian countries realized that environmental degradation is a transnational problem which needed a transnational solution. Regionalism, which is facilitated by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), became the solution they seek. This paper attempts to explain the process of Environmental regionalism that has happened in Southeast Asia from 1977-2000. The paper concludes that the process of environmental regionalism in Southeast Asia is still stucked in the third phase of regionalism. Lacks of mutual identity between ASEAN members prevents environmental regionalism process in Southeast Asia to advance to the fourth phase. However, the paper also shown some probabilities for it to happen in near future. Keyword: ASEAN, Environment, Regionalism, Regionness,
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Skogly, Sigrun I. "Complexities in Human Rights Protection: Actors and Rights Involved in the Ogoni Conflict in Nigeria." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 15, no. 1 (March 1997): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/092405199701500104.
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The execution of Ken Saro-Wiwa and the other environmental and human rights activists in Nigeria in November 1995, represented flagrant violations of human rights. What was exceptional about this case was that the uprising, which ultimately lead to the executions, was not primarily aimed at the Government, but rather at one of the large transnational corporations, Shell Oil. The article analyses the composition of the actors and the various human rights involved in this conflict. It argues that the complexity of the conflict is shown through the wide variety of environmental NGOs, human rights NGOs, international business and organisations that were implicated in it. The article points to the interrelatedness of various human rights - and the interlinkedness to environmental issues, claiming that environmental organisations were forced’ to use rights language, while human rights organisations needed to address environmental issues. And ultimately, the business actor has publicly stated intent to observe a human rights accountability.
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Favarin, Serena, and Alberto Aziani. "The Global Waste Trafficking and Its Correlates." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 36, no. 3 (July 14, 2020): 351–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986220939701.
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Our understanding of illicit waste trafficking (IWT) is in its embryonic stages; most notably, the transnational nature of this phenomenon has hitherto been neglected in extant empirical research. This study provides the first analysis of the possible coorrelates of transnational IWT at a global level. Through recourse to information extracted from the official Basel Convention National Reports, we constructed a network of the most relevant IWT connections between 148 countries. Next, we quantitatively investigated the role of specific potential factors that influence the structure of this transnational network. Our results indicate that illicit waste is trafficked toward poorer and more insecure countries, primarily via former colonial connections. As such, IWT poses a direct threat to the sustainable development of these countries. Mere adherence to international treaties and promulgation of environmental laws does not in and of themselves explain whether a country is part of the global IWT network, although the establishment of dedicated courts and tribunals does reduce the risk of being a recipient of trafficked waste. Solid anticorruption measures and a strong rule of law increased the likelihood of being a source country in the IWT network, which, in turn, calls for a more global approach to the management of environmental issues.
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Kremers, H. "CARTOGRAPHY ENABLING COMMUNICATION AND DECISIONMAKING IN SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES (ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL) OF TRANSNATIONAL DECLARATIONS, CONVENTIONS, TREATIES, FRAMEWORKS AND DIRECTIVES." Proceedings of the International conference “InterCarto/InterGIS” 1, no. 23 (January 1, 2017): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2414-9179-2017-1-23-19-21.
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Zhouri, Andréa. "Transnational campaigns for the Amazon: NGO strategies, trade and official responses." Ambiente & Sociedade, no. 6-7 (June 2000): 31–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1414-753x2000000100003.
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The campaign against the illegal mahogany trade from the Amazon has increased the need for special working links between NGOs based in Brazil and those located in the Northern hemisphere, particularly Britain, since the UK is regarded as one of the major importers of that particular timber. The article discusses the origins, development and different strategies of the mahogany campaign -the major transnational campaign for the Amazon rainforest in the 1990s- as well as the reactions from the timber trade and the Brazilian government. Considering the interface of social justice and forest issues, the analysis presents the ways in which the Amazon is understood and projected into the global sphere, and how such a global perspective -currently dominated by efforts towards timber certification through the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)- may render a more complex local reality invisible.
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Piffer, Carla, and Helena Liebl. "RESPONSABILIDADE AMBIENTAL EMPRESARIAL E SUA DIMENSÃO TRANSNACIONAL." Revista Visão: Gestão Organizacional 8, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33362/visao.v8i2.2150.
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O presente artigo tem como escopo estudar a Responsabilidade Ambiental Empresarial na sua dimensão transnacional. O mundo se tornou globalizado e com isso o Direito Internacional não é suficiente para atender às demandas da sociedade globalizada, surgindo então o Direito Transnacional, responsável por demonstrar que as fronteiras entre os países estão se desvanecendo e com isso também a soberania nacional em determinados aspectos. Entretanto, com a globalização, os desastres naturais e a devastação do meio ambiente se tornaram crescentes. Assim, se faz necessário que a humanidade se conscientize e se torne responsável socialmente com as questões econômicas, sociais e ambientais. Por tais mudanças ocorridas na sociedade civil global e a relevância de estudos sobre elas, o presente artigo tem como problema central o de descobrir a relação entre a Responsabilidade Ambiental Empresarial e a transnacionalidade. Como objetivos específicos pretende-se: discorrer sobre a Responsabilidade Ambiental Empresarial; analisar as principais características da transnacionalidade; e investigar sobre a Responsabilidade Ambiental Empresarial no seu aspecto transnacional. Ao final, são tecidos comentários referente à necessidade de prosseguir investigações sobre o assunto, visto que os desastres naturais causados por empresas atingem a toda uma população, transpondo as fronteiras dos Estados nacionais. Necessita-se, portanto, da conscientização por parte também das empresas, no sentido de que suas ações devem ser ambientalmente responsáveis, a fim de conceber um bem maior para a coletividade global. Quanto à Metodologia, utiliza-se o Método Indutivo, sendo acionadas as técnicas do Referente, da Categoria, do Conceito Operacional e da Pesquisa Bibliográfica.Palavras-Chave: Responsabilidade Ambiental Empresarial. Transnacionalidade. Direito Ambiental. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ITS TRANSNATIONAL DIMENSIONAbstract: The purpose of this article is to study business environmental responsibility in its transnational dimension. The world has become globalized and, as a result, international law is not sufficient to meet the demands of globalized society, and then transnational law has emerged, which is responsible for demonstrating that the borders between countries are fading, and thus national sovereignty in certain respects. However, with globalization, natural disasters and environmental devastation have become increasingly. Thus, it is necessary for humanity to become aware and socially responsible with economic, social and environmental issues. Due to such changes in global civil society and the relevance of studies on them, this article has as its central problem that of discovering the relationship between Corporate Environmental Responsibility and transnationality. The specific objectives are: to discuss Corporate Environmental Responsibility; analyze the main characteristics of transnationality; and investigate Corporate Environmental Responsibility in its transnational aspect. At the end, comments are made on the need to pursue further investigations on the subject, as natural disasters caused by businesses hit a whole population across national borders. Therefore, companies also need to be aware that their actions must be environmentally responsible in order to conceive a greater good for the global community. As for the Methodology, the Inductive Method is used, using the techniques of the Referent, Category, Operational Concept and Bibliographic Research.Keywords: Business environmental responsibility. Transnationality. Environmental law.
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Arrow, Kenneth J., Partha Dasgupta, Lawrence H. Goulder, Kevin J. Mumford, and Kirsten Oleson. "Sustainability and the measurement of wealth: further reflections." Environment and Development Economics 18, no. 4 (April 23, 2013): 504–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000193.
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AbstractThe June 2012 issue of Environment and Development Economics published a symposium with considerable focus on our paper, ‘Sustainability and the measurement of wealth’. The Symposium also contained five articles in which other researchers offered valuable comments on our paper. The present note replies to those comments. It clarifies important issues and reveals how important questions relating to sustainability analysis can be fruitfully addressed within our framework. These include questions about the treatment of time, the use of shadow prices and the treatment of transnational externalities. This note also offers new theoretical results that help substantiate our earlier empirical finding that the value of human health is something very different from the value of the consumption permitted by health and survival.
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Thouez, Colleen. "Cities as Emergent International Actors in the Field of Migration." Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 26, no. 4 (November 23, 2020): 650–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02604007.
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Abstract Cities are fast becoming actors on issues of transnational import. This is also true in the field of migration governance where their scope of responsibility has traditionally been perceived as entirely domestic in nature. As mayors act and advocate transnationally on migration, they are supported by a growing web of intercity networks spanning knowledge sharing, to lobbying, to operational work. In parallel, cities’ agency is rising as they begin to acquire access and influence in interstate deliberations and decision-making fora. Their active presence impacts policy instruments like the UN Global Compact for Migration and Global Compact on Refugees, and policy frameworks like the Global Forum on Migration and Development. In turn, as cities provide more information on challenges faced locally, we may expect more pragmatic approaches to migration. This article outlines this expansion of cities’ agency and what it could mean for international migration governance.
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Pillay, Kiru, and Manoj Maharaj. "The Restructuring and Re-Orientation of Civil Society in a Web 2.0 World." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 5, no. 1 (January 2015): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2015010104.
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This study focuses on how civil society organisations strategically deploy Web 2.0 technologies for transnational social advocacy and the impact of this technology adoption on civil society organisations' roles, structure, and orientation. The global environmental justice organisation, Greenpeace is used as a case study. Greenpeace advocates for changes in environmental policy and behaviour, has been at the forefront of environmental issues, and has used the mass media as an effective campaigning tool. The key findings that emerged was that social media has become a key ingredient of Greenpeace's campaigning strategy and has been embraced at both a strategic and operational level. The emergence of a collaborative communications paradigm has necessitated a level of organisational introspection evidenced in both changes in the organisation's strategic planning processes and changes to the organisational structure.
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HADJIYIANNI, Ioanna. "The Court of Justice of the European Union as a Transnational Actor through Judicial Review of the Territorial Scope of EU Environmental Law." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 21 (June 13, 2019): 128–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cel.2019.4.
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AbstractWhen courts are faced with questions regarding the territorial scope of internal legislation, they are required to engage with controversial issues pertaining to the permissible boundaries of regulatory reach, which go beyond traditional conceptions of state sovereignty and non-intervention on which the functioning of courts is normally based. This Article examines the role of the Court of Justice of the European Union (‘CJEU’) in reviewing the legality and interpretation of the extraterritorial reach of EU environmental law, including animal welfare. It assesses the extent to which judicial review by the CJEU serves as a transnational mechanism for addressing legitimacy concerns raised by the unilateral exercise of EU regulatory power beyond EU borders.
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WADEWITZ, LISSA. "Pirates of the Salish Sea: Labor, Mobility, and Environment in the Transnational West." Pacific Historical Review 75, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 587–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2006.75.4.587.
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This article illustrates that a transnational perspective reveals how nature and work intertwined to shape workers' responses to evolving regional class relations in the western Canadian-U.S. borderlands. Labor and environment are intimately connected in all the West's extractive industries, and workers engaged and learned about the natural world through their labor. In the watery borderland between Washington and British Columbia, they also used the fl uidity of this border to cross the international line and enter more advantageous markets, escape authorities, and express dissatisfaction with class inequities and ethnoracial tensions. These activities earned them the epithets "bandits" and "pirates," especially from U.S. and Canadian canners who sought to manipulate ethnic differences to exploit workers more effectively. The Fraser River salmon fi shery offers a microcosm through which to assess how western labor and environmental history intersect, and what these linkages can reveal about issues of power and human agency.
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Stec, Stephen. "Humanitarian Limits to Sovereignty: Common Concern and Common Heritage Approaches to Natural Resources and Environment." International Community Law Review 12, no. 3 (2010): 361–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187197310x513743.
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AbstractThe Peace of Westphalia released forces leading to the Industrial Revolution, ultimately freeing sovereign states to develop competing systems of economic development that had in common the uncontrolled exploitation of the environment. Over time, a law of humanity developed in response to the failings of a law of sovereign states in two main spheres: that of the dignity of the individual and that of matters of “common concern” that require a global, humanitarian response. Environmental issues have moved to the forefront of the latter, as can be demonstrated by an examination of terms used in international law to describe environmental matters, and have given rise to new forms of international and transnational cooperation. By being reminded that humanitarian issues of common concern were at the root of the Westphalian shift itself, we see that it is the radical form of sovereignty that developed in the 19th and 20th centuries that in fact proved inadequate. The key questions, therefore, are what the global environmental challenge teaches us about the potential for sovereignty to be “reclaimed” for humanity, and how and whence authoritative norms to modulate sovereignty will arise.
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Loos, Gregory P. "Trade Policy and Public Goods." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 13, no. 1 (May 2003): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/2qum-5nv3-8du1-fr0q.
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The World Trade Organization (WTO) was formed in 1994 as the first multilateral trade organization with enforcement authority over national governments. A country's domestic standards cannot be more restrictive than international standards for trade. WTO seeks to “harmonize” individual domestic policies into uniform global standards and encompasses trade-related aspects of health, public safety, and environmental protection. These issues are transnational and pose enormous challenges to traditional governance structures. Most governments are not equipped to manage problems that transcend their borders. Moreover, international governance in social issues—with the possible exception of public health—is still in its infancy. Many groups are concerned that local public interests will be subjugated to global corporate interests. The article looks at the social ramifications of world trade policy and concludes that world trade must be balanced with sustainable environments and human health.
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Bui, Nguyen Khanh, and Anna Kopytova. "Law on environmental protection to be revised for sustainable development in Vietnam." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 11005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016411005.
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Law on Environmental Protection 2014 of Vietnam was passed by the 13 National Assembly at the 7th session on June 23, 2014, effectived from January 1, 2015. The enactment of the Law on Environmental Protection 2014 has greatly contributed to the success of environmental protection in recent years. However,the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection 2014 revealed limitations and shortcomings, including: Some provisions of the law on environmental protection are still inappropriate, not reality, lack of legal provisons for Environmental disasters, not keeping up with the requirements of practical development and international integration; mechanisms and policies on environmental protection are slow to innovate, not yet synchronized with the market economy institution; contents, responsibilities, assignment and decentralization of state management of environmental protection are still fragmented, overlapping and unreasonable, not suitable with capacity building and responsibilities; lack of appropriate mechanisms to promote the effective participation of society, enterprises and people in environmental protection. Based on Law on Environmental Protection 2014, the state management apparatus on environment is not commensurate with the assigned functions and tasks and unable to solve effectively inter-sectoral, inter-regional and transnational issues; violations of the law on environmental protection are still complicated and invalid; The administrative procedures are both insufficient, overlapping; Vietnam has not legal provisions to resolve some new issues arising on environmental protection such as: climate changes, metal pollution heavy (Cu, Zn, Cd), saline intrusion, dust pollution…This article focuses on the challenges of environment in Vietnam. It also provides causes and suggestion for Law on Environmental Protection 2014 to be revised for sustainable development in Vietnam.
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Marambio, Macarena, Antonio Canepa, Laura Lòpez, Aldo Adam Gauci, Sonia K. M. Gueroun, Serena Zampardi, Ferdinando Boero, et al. "Unfolding Jellyfish Bloom Dynamics along the Mediterranean Basin by Transnational Citizen Science Initiatives." Diversity 13, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13060274.
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Science is addressing global societal challenges, and due to limitations in research financing, scientists are turning to the public at large to jointly tackle specific environmental issues. Citizens are therefore increasingly involved in monitoring programs, appointed as citizen scientists with potential to delivering key data at near to no cost to address environmental challenges, therein fostering scientific knowledge and advising policy- and decision-makers. One of the first and most successful examples of marine citizen science in the Mediterranean is represented by the integrative and collaborative implementation of several jellyfish-spotting campaigns in Italy, Spain, Malta, and Tunisia starting in 2009. Altogether, in terms of time coverage, geographic extent, and number of citizen records, these represent the most effective marine citizen science campaigns thus far implemented in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we analyzed a collective database merging records over the above four countries, featuring more than 100,000 records containing almost 25,000 observations of jellyfish specimens collected over a period of 3 to 7 years (from 2009 to 2015) by citizen scientists participating in any of the national citizen science programs included in this analysis. Such a wide citizen science exercise demonstrates a valuable and cost-effective tool to understanding ecological drivers of jellyfish proliferation over the Western and Central Mediterranean basins, as well as a powerful contribution to developing tailored adaptation and management strategies; mitigating jellyfish impacts on human activities in coastal zones; and supporting implementation of marine spatial planning, Blue Growth, and conservation strategies.
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Mohindra, Katia S. "Promoting women’s health in an era of globalization: a South Asian perspective." Global Health Promotion 25, no. 2 (August 4, 2016): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975916660673.
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Promoting the health of women requires an understanding of the full range of factors shaping their health, including globalization. Focusing on South Asia, I outline some of the critical global women’s health issues that warrant further attention by health promotion researchers. I discuss the inadequacy of international approaches for improving the health of South Asian women, occupational health hazards associated with global industries targeting women, new forms of gender based violence, gendered ethical challenges arising as global and local forces collide and the rise of transnational feminist networks that can be harnessed for advancing women’s health across the region.
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Frey, Klaus, Mario Procopiuck, and Altair Rosa. "Policy-Oriented City Networks in Cyberspace." International Journal of Advanced Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 2, no. 1 (January 2010): 18–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/japuc.2010010102.
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Whereas the academic debate on global networks was dominated by a focus on economic and financial flows, partially on strategies of technological or infrastructural integration, less attention was dedicated to local and global articulations emerging around sociopolitical issues like the fight against poverty, the strengthening of human rights and protection of the environment. In this paper, the authors examine the limitations of traditional approaches in capturing the complexity and diversity of the emerging city networks and use the methodology of web sphere analysis to map and analyze new articulations of sociopolitical governance between different cities in the context of environmental policy as exemplified in Curitiba, Brazil. The study is based on the mapping of Internet hyperlink connections and shows how a virtual transnational public space with the potential to support environmental governance processes in cities is emerging.
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Buffel, Tine, and Chris Phillipson. "Experiences of Place among Older Migrants Living in Inner-City Neighbourhoods in Belgium and England." Diversité urbaine 11, no. 1 (February 8, 2012): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1007742ar.
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This article aims to explore experiences of “place” among older migrants living in deprived urban neighbourhoods. The data for the present research are derived from two qualitative studies in inner-city neighbourhoods in England and Belgium. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with older Pakistani and Somali people in Manchester and Liverpool, and Turkish and Moroccan elders in Brussels, the paper reviews the variety of ways in which the idea of “home” is created, the constraints and environmental pressures which may prevent people from developing a sense of “home,” and the meaning of transnational ties for the experience of place. The final part of the paper discusses conceptual as well as policy issues raised by the research.
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Mayard, Laure-Elise. "Can A Transnational Law Approach Offer A Better Understanding of International Law’s Contribution to Sustainable Hydropower Projects? A Test Case from the Mekong River Basin." Brill Open Law 2, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 40–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23527072-20191019.
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Hydropower regulation involves an increasingly complex set of actors, scales and legal regimes. The role that international law plays in regulating hydropower, and other sustainable development issues, is challenged by this pluralism because of international law’s restrictive traditional theoretical framework, which appears to be ill-equipped to fully grasp and represent significant features of pluralistic regulation. A broader conceptualization of international law could create a more pluralist, holistic and integrated approach to regulation, making it more attuned to reality and to sustainable development objectives. This article adopts a transnational law approach embracing in a more flexible manner different elements which influence regulation and which escape existing legal categories. Hydropower projects in the Lower Mekong River Basin illustrate the mismatch between regulation mainly focused on the State, investment-related actors and regimes of large projects, on the one hand, and the growing pluralism driven by the involvement of non-State actors, specificities of environmental regulation and different levels of inquiry, on the other hand. The analysis explores the ‘blind spots’ of international law in its regulation of hydropower projects and considers the possibilities in which a transnational law approach broadens the vision of existing international law to be more pluralist.
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Pinyochatchinda, Supaporn. "Pollution Management and Industrial Estates: Perceptions of Residents in the Vicinity of Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, Thailand." Information Management and Business Review 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v6i1.1099.
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Industrial pollution has become a serious problem in most states and has been tackled by initiatives at the national and transnational levels. However, public opinion is still affected by the events of the past. This situation is explored through the case of Map Ta Phut industrial estate in Thailand,which has been bedeviled by environmental and safety issues since it was opened in 1989. Despite improvements in management systems, notwithstanding the explosion in 2012 which killed 12 workers in one factory, the opinions of nearby residents has been badly affected by the memories of the past. This has led to mistrust and suspicion of the industrial estate among those residents and so protests and dissent have been more common. This study employs a quantitative survey of 400 residents living in the vicinity of Map Ta Phut with a view to understanding their perceptions of environmental management on the estate and, hence, some indications of how better flows of information might improve confidence among these important stakeholders. There will need to be more effective long-term methods of dealing with health issues relating to pollution and conveying knowledge about what is being done in order to recapture public trust.
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SHONHOLTZ, RAYMOND. "The Mediating Future." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 552, no. 1 (July 1997): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716297552001013.
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Drawing from the development of mediating processes in North America and Central and Eastern Europe, this article focuses on the need to apply new mediating modalities to conflicts that have a transnational and multinational character. Not only democracies but also authoritarian governments are increasingly finding the need to mediate in the international arena over human rights, environmental degradation, economic competition, and like concerns. While international issues have traditionally been settled through power, new forms of social justice will increasingly be required to resolve issues not amenable exclusively to power-based solutions. The future will witness a new effort to promote justice, fairness, and cultural sensitivity in the resolution of international differences. Currently, there is a paucity of mechanisms to advance social justice in the international domain. The lack of a global political federation with the power to require participation and compliance with the settlement of differences means that mediating processes will increasingly be used to address the needs and interests expressed by nations, diverse groups, and institutions.
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Dittman, William. "Environmental Crime in Transnational Context: Global Issues in Green Criminology. By Toine Spapens, Rob White, & Wim Huisman. New York, N.Y.: Routledge, 2016." Journal of Strategic Security 13, no. 4 (December 2020): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.13.4.1895.
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Tosic, Branka, and Zora Zivanovic. "The Danube region in Serbia within the process of transnational cooperation and interregional functional connections." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 91, no. 4 (2011): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1104089t.
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The paper covers presentation of ways of international cooperation of Danube region on the territory of Republic of Serbia and its spatial integration levels of the immediate and wider environment (cross-border or trans-border aspect of cooperation, transnational cooperation and interregional cooperation). Danube region is space with the most active current integration processes, which take place under the initiative of the European Union and the definition of European instruments supporting cooperation of states along the Danube River flow, as well as more specific territorial entities that are directly related to the river. In addition to European strategies and programs, the cooperation includes cross-border cooperation activities of Serbia based on resolving socio-economic problems, issues related to infrastructure, environmental protection and other areas of cooperation that include spaces Euroregional Association. The grounds for the implementation of planned measures for further Danube region development also include functional connections on regional and local level within the territory of the Republic of Serbia.
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Iyer, Gopalkrishnan R., and Lee Jarvis. "CSR adoption in the multinational hospitality context." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 2376–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-06-2018-0451.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues in the context of the hospitality industry and offer some avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews several domains of CSR and takes stock of some exemplar research from hospitality management pertaining to each domain. Particular note is taken of research that explores CSR issues outside the Western world. Several unanswered questions are then noted along with suggestions for future research. Findings Based on prior literature, four CSR domains were identified as instrumental, social/legal/political, ethical and environmental. CSR issues in hospitality research have predominantly focused on the instrumental domain while there is scant research on other domains. CSR adoption in the multinational context was identified as due from stakeholder pressures, competitive environment and cultural environment. Research limitations/implications The paper identifies some unanswered questions in transnational operations of hospitality firms and suggests avenues for future research. Practical implications The paper recommends that due attention must be given to contextual issues in the conceptualization, focus and practice of CSR by multinational hospitality firms. Originality/value The paper offers a review of hospitality research on various CSR domains. It offers some unanswered research questions that may spur future research, discussion and debates among academics, students and executives.