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Journal articles on the topic 'Transoxiana'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Rahmati, Mohsen. "Factors Affecting the Demographic Compositional Change of Transoxiana in the Early Islamic Centuries." Review of European Studies 10, no. 2 (2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v10n2p141.

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Despite the frequent attacks of Nomad tribes of the northern plains, the demographic composition of Transoxiana had remained Iranian in ancient era; nevertheless, after Muslim Arabs prevalence until the Mongol invasion, the demographic composition of this area completely changed under the influence of different factors. In addition to identifying the demographic composition of Transoxiana in the first Islamic centuries, this study is intended to introduce the factors affecting the transformation of the demographic change of this area. This study shows that in the Early Islamic centuries, the p

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2

Bekmirzaev, I. "Hanafi Legal Documents in Transoxiana." Advanced Science Journal 2014, no. 5 (2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15550/asj.2014.05.055.

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3

KARA, Adnan. "The Islamization Process of Transoxiana." ULUM 5, no. 1 (2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54659/ulum.1135684.

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Today, the geography a significant part of which is located within the borders of Uzbekistan, has been mentioned as Transoxiana in the sources since the 9th century. This geography is the name of a special region that gives life to science-culture and art, hosts intellectual currents. This region which has trained countless scientists who have shaped the history of Islamic thought-science and contributed to the development of Islamic civilization for centuries; is a geography with privileged features where history, culture and universal values meet. Cities such as Bukhara, Samarkand, Tirmidh,

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4

Ismoilov, Lutfullo Eshonovich, Ramil Tagirovich Yuzmukhametov, and Markhabo Tukhtasunovna Rajabova. "The place of the plant world in the worldview system of transoxiana sufism in 16th century." Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-A (2020): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-a574p.157-161.

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The article considers the topic of the Plant World in the Sufi writings of the 16th century Transoxiana, based on the material of manakibs, i. e. the so-called Lives of the Saints. The significance and relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the issues of semantic interpretation of the concept of plant and plant world in Sufi writings. Hence, the purpose of this article is to disclose the diverse meanings of the concept of the “World of Plants” contained in the 16th-century Transoxiana manakibs of such authors as Abdurakhman Jami, Abu-l Baka b. Khodzha Bakha-ud-din, Khusein Serakhsi

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(Corresponding Author), Uldanay Zhuzbayeva, Nurgul Zhanakova, Yedil Noyanov, Bolat Sailan, and Zhumakan Arynov. "“Taqwim al-Buldan” by Abu al-Fida as a Source on Medieval Geography of Khwarazm and Transoxiana." Journal of Al-Tamaddun 20, no. 1 (2025): 201–12. https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol20no1.15.

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Abstract A detailed study of the work of Abu al-Fida “Taqwim al-Buldan” will make it possible to better understand the peculiarities of the Central Asian region at that time, which determines the relevance of this research. The purpose of the article is to study and analyse the data on Khwarazm and Transoxiana in the work “Taqwim al-Buldan”. Various methods were used in the study: historical-critical, comparative, descriptive, critical analysis method, content analysis method, discourse analysis method. In the course of the research, it was concluded that Abu al-Fida gives a list of 7 cities a

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Ismoilov, L. E., and R. T. Yuzmukhametov. "The Role of Sacred Landscape in Sufism: a Mountain." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 35 (2021): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2021.35.107.

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The article is devoted to the issue of a sacred landscape (a mountains) in the Sufi writings of Transoxiana of the 16th century. The pertinence of this theme is due to the need to study the issue of semantic interpretation of the concept of a sacred landscape, namely mountains, in Sufi writings. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to reveal various meanings of the concept of “a sacred landscape” in the manaqibs of Transoxiana of the 16th century by such authors as Khoja Iskhoki Kalobodi, Mahmud ibn Wali, Muhammad Alim al-Siddiqi al-Alawi and others, which contain important informati

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7

Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "Nomadic turkic tribes and their role in political history of Transoxiana in XII century: on the example of Qarluks." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 1 (2024): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080029098-4.

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The migration of the nomadic Turkic tribes of the eastern Desht-i Kipchak and their participation in various political processes in the lands of Transoxiana and adjacent regions in the XII century remains quite an urgent scientific problem for a number of reasons. Muslim geographers of this time on this issue often broadcast information from earlier monuments in their writings and rarely provide up-to-date information. And in the historical writings proper, nomadic Turkic tribes are mentioned, in most cases, only when they take part in military clashes on the territory of the mentioned regions

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8

Kasimova Sarvinoz Sayfullaevna. "ARABIC LINGUISTIC IN TRANSOXIANA (XI-XIII CENTURIES)." International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, no. 1(13) (January 31, 2019): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijitss/31012019/6322.

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   The study was aimed to determine the research work which were done about Arabic linguistics in XI-XIII century in Transoxiana, especially, shows that lexicography of Arabic language, lexicology, theoretical basis of its grammar have been investigated.  

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9

Ansori, Fahmi Moh. "Mongol invasion of Transoxiana 1219-1221 AD." El Tarikh : Journal of History, Culture and Islamic Civilization 3, no. 1 (2022): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/jhcc.v3i1.11415.

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The Mongol invasion of the Islamic world, especially parts of Transoxiana, was a serious threat to the Islamic world. This invasion was the first gateway for the Mongols to carry out subsequent invasions to other parts of the Islamic world, which resulted in the Islamic world getting worse and experiencing enormous destruction. This research uses the historical method. History as a science has a method for studying, analyzing, and reconstructing events in the past. This research is included in Library Research or literature assessment. The Mongol invasion of the Islamic world marked the end of

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10

Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "Muslim Sources about the Turkic Governors of Khorezm: On the Example of Ikinchi ibn Kochkar and Anush-Tegin Garcha." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 16, no. 4 (2024): 694–706. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2024.404.

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The migration of the nomadic Turkic tribes of eastern Desht-i Qipchak to the borders of Transoxiana and Khorasan has its reflection in numerous monuments of Muslim historiography both of the pre-Mongol period and as part of later writings. Researchers are relatively well aware of certain Turkic tribes or tribal associations that had different forms of interaction with representatives of settled cultures. However, at the same time, there are numerous examples of incorporation of people from a nomadic environment into the administrative or military system of the state formations of Transoxiana a

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11

Sarvinoz, Kasimova. "Arabic Linguistics In Central Asia." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 11 (2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue11-37.

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Arabic translation which was created in the Middle century can be weird for that means, “the basic tree of knowledge is in Makke but its harvest ripens in Khuroson”. However it’s essential not to forget that Transoxiana took the main place in Muslim’s Asia until the conquering of Mongols. Nishopur was the place where all scientists of Iran and Central Asian gathered and all Transoxianamosques were full of with the students who came far from countries. Samarkand, Bukhara, Urgench were in competition with each other about science and culture for many years, also cities of Transoxiana were ahead

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12

Hayyab Samir, Majid. "Economic Aspects in the History of Bukhara by Al-Narshikhi (348 AH / 959 AD)." Bilad Alrafidain Journal of Humanities and Social Science 6, no. 4 (2024): 64–72. https://doi.org/10.54720/bajhss/2024.060406.

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The economy is an essential aspect of any society and plays a crucial role in determining the level of development in that society. There are many factors, that affect the economy and understanding them, is crucial in promoting economic growth. Bukhara is a city in Uzbekistan with a rich history of economic development. The city of Bukhara was established as a trading center between the East and the West, in addition to its distinguished location relative to Transoxiana. The city’s location on the ancient Silk Road allowed it to become a center for the exchange of goods such as silk, spices, p

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Juraev, Khusan. "MEANING OF KARDAR THE ANCIENT CITY OF TRANSOXIANA." American Journal of Research 1, no. 2 (2018): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2573-5616-2018-1-2-3.

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Fayzulloeva, M. Sh. "Samanid Epoch – Golden Erain History of Persian-Tajik People." Clinical Research and Studies 3, no. 1 (2024): 01–03. https://doi.org/10.31579/2835-2882/042.

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The Samanid state was formed as an independent state from the Abbasid Caliphate and ruled in Khorasan and Maverennahr (or Transoxiana) in the IX-X centuries. The article deals with the advancement and achievements of society in the Samanid period.

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15

Ismoilov, Lotfullo Eshonovich, and Alfiya Marselevna Khabibullina. "The concept of travel in the late medieval transoxiana sufism." Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-A (2020): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-a568p.116-122.

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The article is devoted to the topic of the concept of safar (“travel”) in the Sufi sources of Transoxiana of the 16th century, on the example of manakibs, or the Lives of Saints. The importance of research on this topic lies in determining the place of traveling in religious traditions of Sufism. In addition, the relevance of the topic is due to insufficient study of the issues of semantic interpretation of the concept safar (“travel”) in Sufi writings. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to disclose the various meanings of the concept of traveling, contained in Sufi writings. The m

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Botakaraev, B. "LIFE AND THE PROBLEM OF TOLERANCE IN THE WORLDVIEW OF IMAM MATURIDI." Adam alemi 90, no. 4 (2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.4/1999-5849.16.

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Despite the fact that the Muslim ummah was united at the time of the emergence of Islam, over time, disputes over issues of faith and law arose between them. Conquest movements and the acquaintance of Muslims with other peoples over time led to the emergence of various trends, the dissemination of arguments and theoretical questions related to socio-political problems. At the end of this process, currents emerged that began to divide into different schools. During this period, religious and theological schools began to take their own forms. Most of these schools opposed different currents of t

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17

Boratova, Ziyoda. ""History of Yamini" As a Source of History of Central Asia: An Introduction." International Journal of Social Sciences World (TIJOSSW) 2, no. 2 (2020): 63–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4040795.

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A work of Abu Nasr al-Utbi <em>"Tarikh-i al-Yamini"</em> (History of Yamini) is an important source in the study of the history of Central Asia during the <em>Ghaznavid</em> period, in particular, <em>Khorezm, Bukhara, Samarkand, Termez, Nasaf, Shash</em> and the foundations of statehood in our country in the X-XI centuries. The work <em>"Tarikh-i al-Yamini"</em> has not been sufficiently studied and has not translated into Uzbek yet. Through this information, the researcher gets acquainted with the social processes that took place in <em>Transoxiana, Khorasan, Kashmir</em>

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18

Abduvohidov, Faxriddin. "The Image Of Al-Hakim At-Termizi Is On The Uzbek Stage." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 2, no. 09 (2020): 627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue09-95.

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The article deals with the theatrical interpretation of the image of Hakim at-Termizi, one of the leaders of the Transoxiana scholars, who in the Middle Ages made a great contribution to the development of world science, in particular, Islamic teachings, created valuable works that contain "authentic" hadiths.

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19

LURJE, P. "The Element-kath / -kanthin the place-names of Transoxiana." Studia Iranica 32, no. 2 (2003): 185–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/si.32.2.563201.

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20

Ismoilov, L. E., and R. T. Yuzmukhametov. "Some Features of the Mysterious Invisible World of Sufism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 37 (2021): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2021.37.138.

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The article is devoted to the reflection of the theme of dreams in Sufi writings, mainly manakibs (Lives of Saints), relating to the Middle-Age Transoxiana. Sufism is the earliest form of the spread of the Islamic faith in the world. Sufism has absorbed both some elements of the Qur'anic teachings, and many popular beliefs associated with the belief in supernatural forces. Sufis are people who dedicated their lives to the knowledge of God through various spiritual practices, one of which is, for example, the interpretation of dreams. In these dreams there are various images that are interprete

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21

Hamdard, Hasamuddin. "Transoxiana and Beyond: Cultural ties between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan in the 20th Century." Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 6 (2024): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v3i6.345.

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The article seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of the cultural interactions that took place between Uzbekistan and Afghanistan in the 20th century. The study will examine the pivotal elements and significant events that influenced their strong bond and facilitated its expansion. These bonds have been reinforced via reciprocal esteem, common traditions, and a shared history. In the 20th century, the relationship between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan underwent a transformation, entering a new phase marked by increased collaboration and cross-cultural exchange. Additionally, it aims to furnis

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22

MUHAMMADIEV, Dr Otabek. "IMAM BUKHARI'S WORK “AT-TARIKH AL-KABIR” AND THE NARRATORS FROM MOVAROUNNAHR MENTIONED IN IT." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 4, no. 11 (2024): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume04issue11-07.

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The article is dedicated to one of the most voluminous works by Imam Bukhari on the history and biographies of narrators, the “At-Tarikh al-Kabir.” Additionally, it provides information about the narrators from Mawarannahr (Transoxiana) mentioned in the book. It is known that Imam Bukhari’s “At-Tarikh al-Kabir” is a biographical source that includes some information about hadith narrators. Imam Bukhari included information about all the narrators he knew.

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23

Shoaliyeva, Nargiza. "The legacy of Nizami Ganjavi in Transoxiana: An analysis of Khamsa's influence on oral narrative." Revista Amazonia Investiga 13, no. 76 (2024): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2024.76.04.3.

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Nizami Ganjavi, one of the distinguished poets of the 12th century, has a special place in world literature with his works from ancient times to the present. This poet is famous not only in Persian literature but also in Turkish and Indian literature. Nizami Ganjavi is related to the Mesnevi works, which were translated into Turkish and even translated by many Turkish poets and writers in the following centuries. Among these, we can count the essential figures of Chagatai Turkish literature (Transoxiana), especially Emir Alişer Nevai, who cared about Mesnevi Khamsa Nizami and made changes and

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O‘razmetov, Mangubek. "XOJA AHMAD YASSAVIY VA SULAYMON BOQIRG‘ONIY TA’LIMOTLARIDA MA’NAVIY-AXLOQIY G‘OYALARNING AKS ETISHI." TAMADDUN NURI JURNALI 12, no. 63 (2024): 138–42. https://doi.org/10.69691/mjjdmj84.

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This article discusses two prominent Sufi mystics, Khoja Ahmad Yassawi and Sulayman Boqirghani. The place of the "Yassawiyya" order and one of its prominent representatives, Sulayman Boqirghani, in the history of Sufism in Transoxiana, as well as the moral categories of self-control, strengthening of the will, and re-education of a person in their spiritual heritage, are revealed. In addition, their services in the development of Turkic Sufism and wisdom writing are revealed.

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أ . م . د جهاد عزت عبدالله. "Jihad in linking and gorges in Transoxiana A scientific educational study." Journal of the College of Basic Education 21, no. 92 (2022): 337–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v21i92.7442.

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الرباط في الأصل ، الإقامة على جهاد العدو بالحرب ، وارتباط الخيل وإعــدادها ثم صار لها أهداف أخرى مثل ؛ توفير أماكن لزوار المدينة المقدسة وحجاجها الوافدين عليها ، كما صار من أهدافها التعليم الديني وبعض الطرق مثل : الصوفية . وفي قوله تعالى : { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ اصْبِرُواْ وَصَابِرُواْ وَرَابِطُواْ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ} (1)، أي اصبروا على دينكم وصابرو عدوكم ورابطوا أي أقيموا على جهاده بالحرب . والخوانق هي البيوتات التي كانت تقام لإيواء الصوفية الذين يخلون فيها للعبادة ويسمى ( رباط الصوفية ) ، أو بمعنى آخر بيت أو مقام الدراويش والمرشدين الذين يجرون مراسيم تصوفهم

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Azimova Iroda Homidjon qizi. "SOURCES ON THE HISTORY OF THE FOREIGN MOVEMENT IN KHORASAN AND MOVAROUNNAHR AND THEIR ANALYSIS." Sciental Journal of Education Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 166–73. https://doi.org/10.62536/sjehss.2025.v3.i5.pp166-173.

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This article analyzes Arabic and Persian sources related to the history of the Kharijite movement-a major religious-political force that played a significant role in the political struggles in Khurasan and Transoxiana during the 8th–9th centuries. The study particularly examines sources such as al-Tabari’s History of the Prophets and Kings (Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk), al-Baladhuri’s Futuh al-Buldan, Ibn Aʿtham al-Kufi’s Kitab al-Futuh, al-Ya‘qubi’s Tarikh, and others.

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Mukhammadjon, A. Abdukhamidov. "Development of Kalam (Islamic Theology) Science in the 9th-10th Centuries in Transoxiana." Sarcouncil Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 4 (2025): 41–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15264543.

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The development of Kalam (Islamic theology) science in Transoxiana during the 9th and 10th centuries reflects the intellectual and theological evolution of the Islamic world during a period of significant political and religious transformations. Early Islamic discourse on theological issues did not exist in the same formalized manner as it did later, as during the Prophet Muhammad’s (s.a.w.) era, revelations and his teachings provided definitive answers to faith-related matters. However, with time, particularly after the era of the companions (Sahabah), debates on theological questions b

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Yovqochev, Sh A. "On the contribution of the Transoxiana (Mawarannahr) peoples to the Islamic sciences." Minbar. Islamic Studies 15, no. 2 (2022): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2022-15-2-263-283.

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Today studying the heritage and works of great scientists and thinkers who lived on the territory of Transoxiana (Mawarannahr) is one of the fundamental moments in the process of self-identifi cation and the formation of modern Uzbekistan. Not only do their works help to understand the historical, national and religious roots, but also to educate the younger generation in the spirit of devotion and respect for the Motherland. They also serve as an excellent factual and practical material for confronting religious radicalism under the new conditions of various threats emergence. The purpose of

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Ismoilov, L. E., and I. M. Abrorov. "Features of the Sufi Sheikh's Therapeutic Practice in the Late Medieval Transoxiana." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 49 (2024): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2024.49.184.

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Miracles and miraculous deeds of the Sufi sheikh (auliyya), performed in various forms and types, are considered one of the important elements in Sufism. They show the Sufi sheikh as the God's chosen one and at the same time his holy nature. A key area of life where the miraculous deeds of a Sufi sheikh is more fully realized is the treatment of sick people from different social strata of the population. While treating their patients Sufi sheikhs did not particularly hide their material or other interests. They were especially intent on the treatment of representatives of the political and eco

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Ebrahimi, Fahime. "The political disintegration of Transoxiana under three eras of Uzbekids, Tsarists, Bolsheviks." Historical Studies of Islam 14, no. 55 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/pte.14.55.6.

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Ismoilov, L. E. "Features of Family and Marriage Relations in Late Medieval Transoxiana (Maverannahr) Sufism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 47 (2024): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2024.47.171.

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The article highlights the issue of the institution of the family and family and marriage relations in the late medieval Transoxiana (Maverannahr) narrative sources in the Lives of Muslim saints (manakibs) of the 16th century. In the late medieval period, despite the relative predominance of asceticism, in most cases, family ties began to play an important role in the life of the Sufis. However, strict adherence to the family spiritual heritage was not always respected by successors. Due to the peculiarities of the perception of life by Sufis, the death of one of the children of a Sufi could b

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Pardayev, Ahrorqul. "The History of The Study of The Jizzakh Orda Based on Archaeological and Written Sources." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 5, no. 5 (2025): 17–22. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume05issue05-05.

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The article examines the history of the Jizzakh Horde, one of the main cities of the Jizzakh oasis located in the center of the Transoxiana River, from the 14th to the 19th centuries, based on archaeological and written sources. It is scientifically proven that the Jizzakh Horde was restored during the reign of Amir Temur after the Mongol invasion and acquired the status of an important military-strategic city, and that during the period of the Central Asian khanates, the Horde functioned as the economic and administrative center of the Jizzakh oasis.

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Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "Review of pre-mongol arab-persian sources on the history of qara khitai state: features of the structure and content." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 6 (2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080017700-7.

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This study is devoted to the analysis of pre-Mongol Arab-Persian sources containing information on the history of the Qara Khitai state. This power, formed in 1125 within the borders of East Turkestan, not only quickly becomes a regional leader, finally undermining the power of the Karakhanid rulers, but also interferes in the political processes that took place within neighboring regions. In particular, the Qara Khitai attempt to assert their power in the lands of Transoxiana leads to their clash with the Seljuk ruler, Sultan Sanjar, whose defeat in the battle of the Katavan plain in 1141, of

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Mysam, Mahdi. "An overview of the establishment and strength of the Shir and Khurshid of Timurid governance system." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 2, no. 3 (2019): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v2i3.18.

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Following the Mongol era and the instability of the llkhanis, Amo river areas and Transoxiana saw a favorable situation to turn into a great empire. Amir Timur Gorkani who had established himself as a person with great military intelligence in Transoxiana, gathered his loyal forces and with his resolution and valor founded a government that made many people from east to the west fear even by hearing his name. Timurid banners were designed with pictures of a lion and the sun that were associated with tyranny and light. This government unique characteristics had enabled it to stabilize its domin

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Dietrich, Richard. "The Names of Seljuk’s Sons as Evidence for the Pre-Islamic Religion of the Seljuks." Turkish Historical Review 9, no. 1 (2018): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-00901002.

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Although early sources for Seljuk history do not give specific information on the Seljuks’ religious beliefs and practices before their conversion to Islam, the names of the sons of the dynasty’s namesake – Mikail, Israil, Musa, Yunus, Yusuf – have long been a source of speculation on this subject. By comparing the names of Seljuk’s sons with the naming practices of regional Muslim, Jewish and Christian elites in light of the religious context of Transoxiana up to the late tenth century, it is possible to reach a plausible conclusion regarding the Seljuks’ religion before their conversion to I

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Ravshanov, Fazliddin Ravshanovich Rashidov Feruz Tuigunovich Azimov Habibullahan Yakubovich. "AMIR TEMUR AND TURAN STATES." Journal «Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research» 5 (7), 2020, (February 15, 2020): 70–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3636194.

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The article highlights the most important processes of restoration of the ancient state of Turan by the great commander Amir Temur. The article systematically highlights the socio-political and cultural situation in Transoxiana in the first half of the XIV century, the emerging ideals of independence, Patriotic movement, the struggle of the Greeks for freedom from Mongol invasion, the establishment of power, political influence and international power of Turan, the system of government of the state of Temur, Turan Economics, Finance and diplomatic relations, taxation, trade (import and export)

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Brend, Barbara. "A Sixteenth-Century Manuscript from Transoxiana: Evidence for a Continuing Tradition in Illustration." Muqarnas 11 (1994): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1523212.

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Brend, Barbara. "A SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MANUSCRIPT FROM TRANSOXIANA: EVIDENCE FOR A CONTINUING TRADITION IN ILLUSTRATION." Muqarnas Online 11, no. 1 (1993): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993-90000335.

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Pugachenkova, G. A. "The Antiquities of Transoxiana in the Light of Investigations in Uzbekistan (1985-1990)." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 2, no. 1 (1996): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005795x00010.

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AbstractThe archaeological study of pre-Islamic Uzbekistan (Bactria, Sogdiana) has been intensified since. World War II and this survey presents the most important recent results of this work. Bronze Age sites show a process of cultural change in Bactria, particularly the settlement of the area by farmers and the emergence in proto-cities of new urban forms of social organisation and systems of belief. The Iron Age sees the assimilation of new ethnic groups into the region, the expansion of a strong (Achaemenid) state, the development of defended cities and administrative centres and the begin

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Gandjeï, Tourkhan. "Turkish in pre-Mongol Persian poetry." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 49, no. 1 (1986): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x0004249x.

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The rise and development of Persian poetry in Transoxiana and Khurāsān coincided with the growth in influence of the Turkish element in the Sãmãnid state. Although Turks had alredy been living in these regions at the time of the Arab conquest, it was under the Sāmānids especially that emerged into political and military prominence, having risen form the status of slaves to the highest ranks of power. In the fragmentary survivals of the Persian poetry of this period we not only find mention of Turks but even the occasional word of Turkish origin:‘This cloud is like a crazed Turk, shooting arrow

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Nurkulova, R. R. "MUHAMMAD SHAIBANI KHAN: THE LEGACY OF A RENAISSANCE RULER." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 4, no. 3 (2024): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume04issue03-10.

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Muhammad Shaibani Khan, a prominent Central Asian ruler of the 15th and 16th centuries, left an indelible mark on the region's history through his strategic conquests, administrative acumen, and diplomatic engagements. Rising from humble beginnings, Shaibani Khan established the Shaibanid dynasty and consolidated his authority over vast territories in Transoxiana. His reign was characterized by military campaigns against rivals such as the Safavids and the Shaybanids, as well as by policies of religious tolerance and cultural flourishing. This article explores the life, achievements, and lasti

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Bekmuratov, Azamat. "NATIONAL HARMONY AND PEACE - A FACTOR OF PROGRESS AND PROSPERITY." INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 12 (2022): 161–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7460883.

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It is known that the territory of Central Asia, in particular, Uzbekistan, has been a region since ancient times where many diverse peoples live, professing different religions, having different cultures, languages, customs, lifestyle. The location of the territory of Uzbekistan at the intersection of important trade routes from a geographical point of view, the economic ties of the kingdoms on this land with many states have had a significant impact on the religious and spiritual life of indigenous peoples, and the traditions of Transoxiana - on the development of the culture of other countri

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Israilov Nodir Rahimjonovich. "A LOOK AT THE POLITICAL THOUGHT OF AMIR TEMUR (INTERPRETED BY MARGA DE TILLY)." Sciental Journal of Education Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (2025): 26–30. https://doi.org/10.62536/sjehss.2025.v3.i3.pp26-30.

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The article examines the history of the early period of Amir Temur's statehood in the work of the 18th-century French historian Marguerite de Tilly, entitled “The History of Tamerlane, Emperor of the Mongols and Conqueror of Asia”. The French orientalist's observations on the relationship between Amir Husayn and Amir Temur in the struggle for control of Transoxiana are analyzed based on sources from the Timurid period. The study uses comparative analysis and problem-chronological methods. The French orientalist’s observations on Amir Temur’s strategic struggle with Tughluq Temur Khan for the f

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Jo‘rayev, Muxriddin Xasanovich. "The Religious and Cultural Environment of Khorasan And Transoxiana In Muslim Geographical Literature of the 3rd/4th (9th/10th) Centuries." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 5, no. 6 (2025): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume05issue06-03.

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This article explores the religious, cultural, and intellectual landscape of the Khorasan and Transoxiana regions during the 3rd and 4th centuries AH (9th and 10th centuries CE) through the lens of classical Muslim geographical literature. Focusing on the works of prominent geographers such as Istakhri, Ibn Hawqal, and al-Maqdisi, the study investigates how these texts portray the natural, political, and spiritual boundaries of the region. Particular attention is given to the description of scientific institutions, religious pluralism, and sectarian diversity, shedding light on the vibrant sch

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Timokhin, D. M. "DESCRIPTION OF KHORASAN AND TRANSOXIANA CITIES’ LOT DURING THE MONGOL INVASION IN THE ARAB-PERSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL TEXTS." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 3 (13) (2020): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-3-100-112.

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The Mongol-Khorezm war of 1219–1221 is widely considered an important milestone in the history of the Middle East, and its consequences are largely noticeable in the subsequent fate of neighboring regions. Almost the main blow from the Mongol invasion fell on the lands of Khorasan and Transoxiana, where many large and small cities fully experienced all the horrors of Genghis Khan’s army advance. The fate of these localities and their inhabitants has long been the object of researchers’ attention, but scientists are till reconstructing those events, relying mainly on the Arab-Persian historical

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Jurabek, Chutmatov. "Abū Bakr Al-Warrāq Al-Tirmidhī: Sources and Early Conclusions." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 06, no. 01 (2023): 136–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7515516.

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The main purpose of the study is to shed light on the life and work of Abū Bakr al-Warrāq Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī and to show that he is a great scientist and thinker who has a place in the Islamic world, and to form scientifically based conclusions using original sources while covering the topic RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In the study, logical consistency was observed in the coverage of the life and work of Abū Bakr al-Warrāq al-Tirmidhī. Also, original sources and scientific studies on the subject were involved, and the information in them was analyzed in a mutual comparison. RESEAR

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Yuzmukhametov, Ramil Tagirovich, Lutfullo Eshonovich Ismoilov, and Markhabo Tukhtasunovna Rajabova. "Theme of Wine and Wine Drinking in Late Medieval Transoxiana Sufism in 16th Century." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 9 (April 5, 2022): 2559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.314.

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The article is devoted to wine drinking in the Sufi sources of Transoxiana of the 16th century, on the example of Manakibs. The importance of research on this topic lies in determining wine drinking in the secular and religious traditions of Muslim society. Besides, the topic's relevance is due to the insufficient study of the issues of semantic interpretation of the concept of wine in Sufi writings. Hence, this article aims to disclose the various meanings of the concept of wine contained in Sufi writings. The primary method in the study of this issue is the historical and comparative method,

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Rahmatullaeva, Sulhiniso. "Samarqand’s Rigestān and its Architectural Meanings." Journal of Persianate Studies 3, no. 2 (2010): 156–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187471610x537262.

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AbstractThe article focuses on the central plaza of the city of Samarqand, the seat of Transoxiana under the Sogdians and again under the Timurids. The earliest edifice on the Rigestān square is an early fifteenth-century madrasa named after the Timurid prince-scholar Ulugh Beg. Although the capital was transferred to Bukhara after the final conquest of Samarqand by the Uzbeks in 1500, the Shaibanids and their successors, the Ashtarkhanids, continued to embellish Samarqand with more imperial constructions. The Rigestān thus received its final form with two additional madrasas, the Shirdār and

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Misa, Henry. "A Medieval Climate Anomaly: The Qarakhanid Adaptation." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 54, no. 1 (2023): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01972.

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Abstract A synthesis of paleoclimatic, archaeological, and literary evidence from Central Asia (Transoxiana and the Tarim Basin) during the tenth through twelfth centuries suggests that the Qarakhanid state adapted its hybrid economy to a unique climate regime characterized by drought created by the Medieval Climate Anomaly. To adapt, the Qarakhanids expanded the agricultural and pastoral sections of their economy into foothill and highland ecologies and used diplomacy to support a transregional trade network that helped to stimulate drought-stressed oasis economies on both sides of the Tian S

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Ismoilov, L. E., and R. T. Yuzmukhametov. "The Concept of “Water” (Ob) in the Sufi World View of Late Medieval Transoxiana Sufism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 39 (2022): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2022.39.134.

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The article reveals the Sufi meaning of the word “water” used in the Lives of Muslim Saints, or manakibs that appeared in Transoxiana in the 16th century. Water is widely used in the ritual practice of Sufis. Water is also important in spiritual searches, both as a purifying substance and as a source of life energy. The role of holy sources is exceptionally great in Sufism, people come to these holy places to purify themselves spiritually and worship holy images, both Sufis and ordinary people come there. The concept of “water” and its specific reflection in the manakibs indicates its importan

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