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Oswald, Jennalane. "Transparency and city government communications /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3362.pdf.
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Oswald, Jennalande. "Transparency and City Government Communications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2005.
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This study expresses the need for a communications model created specifically for government communications that is centered on the concept of transparency. However, it also recognizes the previous research done pertaining to government communications and public relations. Importantly, the study recognizes the lack of trust in American government at city, state and federal levels and the need to improve trust, which is very closely related to transparency. The study focuses primarily on a model created in 2007 called the three-dimensional model for government communications. The model has four parts: the base of the model is the need to value transparency; the other three parts are communication practices, provision of resources, and organizational support. This study seeks to test and quantify the three-dimensional model through the creation of a survey based on the four parts of the three-dimensional model. The study seeks to determine if by following the guidelines established in the three-dimensional model a city will be more transparent. The findings come from the point of view of city communicators. Over two hundred city communicators from the largest cities in America participated in the study. The findings show that following the tenets of the three-dimensional model does in fact lead to greater transparency. Although the study only surveyed government communicators at the city level, the findings are important to government communicators at all levels of government. The study illustrates the importance of creating a communications plan that is based on transparency and the three-dimensional model. It also illustrates that the frustrations found at the federal level are similar to those faced at the city level. The study also sheds light on the need for future research pertaining to government communications.
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Fairbanks, Jenille. "Transparency in the Government Communication Process: The Perspective of Government Communicators." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1139.pdf.
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Ghergari, Kori. "Investigating Transparency in Government of Canada Citizen-focused Communications." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22678.
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Government of Canada communications professionals work in an increasingly challenging environment, characterized by an intrusive 24/7 media cycle, a frenetic pace of evolving communication technologies, layered accountability requirements, political tension, and waning public trust. Scholars call on professional communicators to help rebuild public trust, which is intrinsic to a healthy democratic government. The Three-dimensional Model for Transparency in Government Communication developed by Fairbanks, Plowman and Rawlins (2007) serves as the theoretical framework for investigating the Government of Canada’s approach to transparent citizen-focused communications from the perspective of communications professionals. The model’s adaptability to the Government of Canada context is tested through 23 qualitative semi-structured interviews with Government of Canada senior communications advisors, managers and executives. The data is analysed using constant comparative thematic analysis. The findings demonstrate that Government of Canada communicators strongly value transparency. Furthermore, the key components of the transparency model – communications practices, organizational support and provision of resources – encapsulate the factors that influence the practice of transparent citizen-focused communications by the Government of Canada. The study concludes by offering recommendations for future research and practical applications.
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Woodruff, Abigail K. "The Unintended Consequences of Increased Transparency in American National Government." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/84.
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In the past century, there has been an increasing trend in American government toward opening government procedures to the general public. The intention of these reforms was to improve government accountability and responsiveness, increase public education and involvement in government, and prevent corruption and undue influence by special interests. Conventional wisdom about open government, however, does not take into consideration many of the repercussions of opening up congressional proceedings to the glare of public scrutiny. Reforms in the 1970’s opened the deliberative process and made members of Congress more vulnerable to constituent and interest group pressure. These effects have had many negative impacts, in both the House Appropriations Committee and the Ways and Means Committees, for deliberative democracy and responsible budgeting.
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Ruijer, H. J. M. (Erna). "Proactive Transparency and Government Communication in the USA and the Netherlands." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3233.
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Proactive government transparency has recently entered the spotlight. Examples of information made public at the initiative of the public body, without the need for filing a request, are: www.data.gov and www.recovery.gov. Transparency is an intrinsic value of democratic societies. In much of the literature an automatic link is assumed between transparency and increased accountability or trust. However, this link may not be as straightforward. Whether and how information is used to further public objectives also depends on the way information is incorporated into the complex communication chain of comprehension, action and response. Therefore, in this dissertation a communication approach was taken. The role of federal government communicators within the government transparency realm was studied in the USA and the Netherlands. More specifically, it was examined how the institutional (macro) and organizational (meso) embedding influences the way communicators value and implement proactive transparency (micro). A mixed method comparative case study consisting of process tracing, a web-based survey and semi-structured in-depth interviews showed that the institutional embedding in the USA can be characterized as a more rules-based approach while a principles-based approach prevails in the Netherlands. This study also showed that communicators working in an organization that supports proactive transparency provide more substantial information, use less spin and are more inclined to solicit feedback and participation from stakeholders. Finally, in both countries the majority of communicators valued proactive transparency highly and most communicators were actively involved in implementing proactive transparency. Communicators contributed to making information more findable, relevant and understandable for its users. At the same time some communicators indicated to sometimes leave out important details, give only part of the story or specifically highlight the positive elements in the information. Hence, communicators can play a role in both enhancing and constraining transparency. This study enhanced our understanding of proactive transparency and the value of communication. The project resulted in a conceptual framework for explaining similarities and differences in proactive transparency policy regimes from the perspective of the government communicator.
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Mahmood, Mohamed. "Does digital transformation of government lead to enhanced citizens' trust and confidence in government?" Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15391.
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Over the years, citizens' trust and confidence in their governments has continued to decline and digital government is expected to reverse this trend. An enormous amount of money has been spent, worldwide, on electronic government initiatives that are focused on improving performance, reducing costs and enhancing citizens' trust and confidence in their governments. Yet, of the many initiatives that have been implemented, very few have achieved real transformation of government (i.e. fundamental changes to the way core functions of government are performed to achieve noticeable gains in performance and efficiency). As such, there is a need to understand how transformation of government as a construct affects citizens' trust and confidence in government in the presence of factors such as, government performance and citizen satisfaction. This research empirically investigates the influence of digital transformation of government on citizens' trust and confidence in the context of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Bahrain is a top ranking country in terms of use of ICT in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. A conceptual model was developed and validated using an online survey targeting randomly citizens of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Based on 313 responses, the findings of this research suggest that citizens' trust and confidence in their government is positively influenced by transformation of government, mediated by government performance and citizens' satisfaction. The study found that e-government and technology are not enough for achieving a real transformation of government, and therefore, in tackling the decline in citizens' trust and confidence in government. Other factors were found to be important in this equation, including transparency and accountability of government functions and activities in meeting citizens' expectations. The research offers multiple policy implications and theoretical contributions, in addition to helping understand how digital transformation of government can enhance citizens' trust and confidence in government, improve government-to-citizen relationship, and increase the adoption of digital services offered by governments. From a policy perspective, this research offers a validated conceptual model that can be used as a frame of reference when planning ICT-enabled transformation projects in government. From a theoretical context, this study is the first to investigate the relationship between transformation of government and citizens' trust and confidence in government.
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Centeno, García Gerardo. "Fraud in Mexico's Government Procurement Sector." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39101.
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This thesis analyzes the problem of corruption in the Mexican government procurement system, aiming to provide a mix of legal and policy solutions to combat and prevent it. Comparing the policies and laws that make up the regulatory framework of public procurement in Canada and Mexico, this study seeks to extract the best practices that can improve the Mexican system. This text illuminates how the weaknesses within Mexico’s procurement system has provoked the current exploitation of alternative procurement methods (known as “adjudicación directa” and “invitación a cuando menos tres personas”) to embezzle public resources through fictitious contract awards. Although we have seen a tendency towards including requirements for “transparency” and “accountability” into Mexican procurement law, this on its own is insufficient to combat corruption. Consequently, I argue that procurement units have to enhance these transparency policies by disclosing the rationale behind every procurement and contract award prior to the disbursement of the resources; having competition as the maximum principle to fulfill while doing so. This will allow auditing bodies (and Mexican citizens) to scrutinize the rationale behind these disbursements. The Public Function Secretary could oversee this process to validate the legality and the social benefit justifications claimed by the procurement units prior to utilizing alternative procurement methods.
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Mhlongo, Nozipho Felicity. "Transparency in supply chain management : a South African local government case analysis." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86626.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to assess transparency in Supply Chain Management (SCM) at local government. The case study of eThekwini Municipality as an institution at the local sphere of government was used to explore the objectives of the study. Fundamentally, institutions such as municipalities and municipal entities, by virtue of being the closest to the people, play an important role of rendering basic services that are aimed at improving living standards of local communities. Therefore, purchasing of goods and/ or services through SCM should strictly comply with specific legislation, policies and regulations which are implemented to achieve standard norms and principles in execution of these duties. One of these requirements is achieved by adhering to transparency in procurement processes. Ultimately, adherence to the principle of transparency in SCM results to openness in decision-making and integrity of the entire process. In this study, these considerations were explored at eThekwini Municipality’s SCM and qualitative analysis of secondary data against SCM legislation, policies and regulations were extensively investigated to establish the extent to which the SCM processes had adhered to transparency. The findings of the analysis as primarily guided by the Auditor-General’s (AG’s) audit outcomes since the launch of “Operation Clean Audit” established that the municipality had not received a clean audit during the period of review from the 2009/2010 to 2011/2012 financial years. The findings pointed to a number of issues regarding SCM irregularities, exceptionally high irregular expenditure (with a net regression of 12% in the financial year 2010/2011), abuse of contract deviations, failure of the accounting officer to give reasons in writing for irregular expenditure and non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations. This state of affairs had led to the municipality making a prognosis of the internal issues which placed them at risk. These issues informed the development of a strategy to implement austerity systemic and financial management measures to mitigate the identified risks. The findings of the study concluded that the importance of adherence to transparency results in sound decision-making, promotes access to information to the public and other stakeholders, increases integrity of processes, and prevents opportunities of fraud and maladministration.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is uitgevoer om deursigtigheid te evalueer in Voorsieningskettingbestuur op plaaslike regering. Die gevallestudie van eThekwini Munisipaliteit as 'n instelling op die plaaslike vlak van regering is gebruik om die doelwitte van die studie te verken. Fundamenteel speel instansies soos munisipaliteite en munisipale entiteite ‘n belangrike rol in die lewering van basiese dienste wat gemik is op die verbetering van lewensstandaarde van plaaslike gemeenskappe, omdat hulle die naaste aan die mense is. Daarom moet die aankoop van goedere en / of dienste deur Voorsieningskettingbestuur streng voldoen aan spesifieke wetgewing, beleid en regulasies wat geïmplementeer is om standaard norme en beginsels in die uitvoering van hierdie pligte te bereik. Een van die vereistes kan aan voldoen word deur deursigtigheid in die verkryging prosesse. Uiteindelik sal die nakoming van die beginsel van deursigtigheid in Voorsieningskettingbestuurdie openheid in besluitneming en integriteit van die hele proses tot gevolg hê. In hierdie studie, was die oorwegings ondersoek by die eThekwini Munisipaliteit se Voorsieningskettingbestuur en ‘n kwalitatiewe analise van sekondêre data teen Voorsieningskettingbestuur wetgewing, beleid en regulasies was intens ondersoek om die mate waarin die Voorsieningskettingbestuur prosesse voldoen het aan deursigtigheid, te bepaal. Die bevindinge van die analise was hoofsaaklik gelei deur die Ouditeur-Generaal se oudituitkomste sedert die bekendstelling van "Operasie Skoon Oudit ", en dit het gewys dat die munisipaliteit nie 'n skoon oudit gehad het gedurende die tydperk van die hersiening van die 2009/2010 tot 2011/2012 finansiële jaar nie. Die bevindinge het gewys op 'n aantal kwessies rakende Voorsieningskettingbestuur ongerymdhede, buitengewoon hoë onreëlmatige uitgawes (met 'n netto agteruitgang van 12 % in die finansiële jaar 2010/2011), die misbruik van kontrak afwykings, nalating van die rekenpligtige beampte om redes te gee vir die afskryf van onreëlmatige uitgawes en nie- nakoming van die toepaslike wette en regulasies. Hierdie toedrag van sake het daartoe gelei dat die munisipaliteit 'n prognose gemaak het van die interne kwessies wat vir hulle ‘n risiko was. Hierdie kwessies het gelei tot die ontwikkeling van 'n strategie om sistemiese en finansiële bestuur maatreëls in te stel om die geïdentifiseerde risiko's te verminder. Die bevindings van die studie dui daarop dat die nakoming van deursigtigheid lei tot gesonde besluitneming, bevordering van toegang tot inligting aan die publiek en ander belanghebbendes, en dat dit die integriteit van prosesse verhoog, en geleenthede vir bedrog en wanadministrasie voorkom.
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Fedirko, Taras. "Beyond government? : policy and practice in the UK Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12301/.
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This dissertation is a critical exploration of the changing social world of policy-making in the British central government. It examines new forms of governance that engage international corporations and non-governmental organisations into the making of state policy in the UK. It focuses on a case of one transnationally mobile blueprint for a collaborative anti-corruption policy. Implemented in the Whitehall, this policy, called the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), has had profound effects on how government officials exercise their authority. I describe the EITI as a densely scripted model for policy, organised around an infrastructure of official collective forms, which structurally gear its implementation to consensual deliberation. I suggest that this formal set-up makes necessary constant social work of negotiating difference and maintaining relationships. This leads me to argue that the institutions of the UK EITI not only provide a social and political forum for the negotiation of disclosure rules, but set in motion complex social and political dynamics, and engender epistemic and ethical dilemmas, that simultaneously contributed to, and undermined, policy-making. My dissertation sheds new light on the increasingly networked, transnational character of ‘domestic’ policy-making. It analyses the political, social and affective dimensions of collaborative policy-making, and explains how ethical and epistemic dilemmas that arise from collaboration of civil servants and their ‘stakeholders’, affect the policy. Opening up the ‘black box’ of the UK EITI in order to recuperate its sociality and understand the agency of official abstractions enabling it, this thesis explores how British civil servants and their expert stakeholders, navigate the terrain of statecraft transformed by their collaboration. Collaboration, I contend, transforms policy-making because it brings into play social interests, relations, and practices, which are rarely associated with state bureaucracies. At the same time, the ways in which this collaboration is formally organised, restrict the government’s control over the policy that it makes. Affecting policy-making within the government, collaboration results in processes of governance beyond government.
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Rahman, Amn. "Improving the transparency of government requests for user data from ICT companies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104826.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Technology and Policy Program, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 96-107).
In 1968, the US Congress enacted a detailed list of requirements for transparency reporting of wiretaps but with subsequent surveillance statutes with minimal reporting requirements and rapidly evolving Internet technologies, the gap in surveillance transparency grew. The Snowden disclosures in 2013 provided a peek into the surveillance landscape and the central role of ICT companies in fostering it. While attempting to salvage their tarnished reputations and encourage public discussion, several companies began to see an incentive in publishing 'transparency reports', providing statistics on user data requested by the government. Since then, publishing these reports has become a norm in the industry but the reports provide little benefit in bridging the transparency gap. The varying formats, definitions and levels of granularity in the reports and the absence of a governance framework in the industry, prevent the reports from becoming useful tools for stakeholders wishing to inform policy decisions. In addition, new technologies, modern surveillance techniques, and evolving business models have created a set of transparency requirements that is markedly different from the initial set of requirements established under the US Wiretap Act. This thesis identifies the missing elements in the current transparency reports while providing a detailed list of necessary features. In addition, it uncovers the incentives that can be leveraged using available tools to encourage better reporting practices and suggests technical, legal and policy solutions so that transparency reporting may become a useful public policy tool rather than a ritualistic practice.
by Amn Rahman
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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Bishop, Cheryl. "The internationalization of secrecy : a look at transparency within the World Trade Organizations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422913.
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Sandberg, Adam. "Government Transparency in Sweden and the United States : Evading Accountability Through Modern Technology." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-203497.
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During the last decade, a number of U.S. government officials have been using modern technology, such as personal email accounts and computers, to evade certain transparency legislation. Similar tendencies of strategic evasiveness can also be identified in Sweden. By comparing U.S. and Swedish history, legislation, and specific modern examples, I reach the conclusion that with regards to governmental accountability, modern technology presents both positive and negative aspects. While modern technology gives government officials a way of preventing sensitive or embarrassing information to be released, or otherwise further a hidden political agenda, it also provides private organizations and individuals with various ways of keeping government accountable. In order to minimize the negative effects, issues such as incentive structures, technological boundaries, court review, and the general scope of government need to be considered.
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Arteaga, Cano Issac Armando. "Recent development of transparency and access to information at the federal level in Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112323.
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Transparency and access to information have become important elements of the Mexican political transition. The goal of this study is to contribute to the debate on those fields by: first, providing a theoretical framework that helps to understand the notions of transparency and access to information and their linkage to a democratic regime; second, by offering an account of the institutions that preceded the enactment of this norm; and third, explaining the legislative work that led to the approval of the Transparency and Access to Governmental Information Federal Law (LFTAIPG) in Mexico in 2002. This thesis/paper argues that the LFTAIPG can be seen as the result of the liberalization of the Mexican regime, and as a product of the political transition by promoting accountability in the federal government.
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Chiang, Chang-Ju. "The effects of government regulated price transparency on the retail gasoline market in Taiwan." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/66938/.
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This thesis studies possible outcomes of the government’s policy (increased price transparency) to the retail gasoline market. Chapter 2 investigates one of possible outcome of the government’s price policy on the retail price setting and provides new evidence of ‘hot air balloons and bricks’ that retail prices respond more quickly to decreases in costs but respond slowly to increases in costs. Chapters 3 and 4 discuss the government’s policy served as unilateral disclosure of the leading firm’s future price information to the supply and demands ides of the retail gasoline market, respectively. Chapter 3 presents empirical analyses of price leadership and perfect price alignment to explore the effect of an increased price transparency policy on the supply side. We propose evidence that the government’s policy is the underlying cause of price leadership and price coordination. Finally, using regional household-level data across 20 Taiwanese regions, Chapter 4 semiparametrically examines the effect of the government’s policy on the demand side. We find evidence of intertemporal substitution that the government’s policy helps to plan consumers’ future purchase.
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Armstrong, Esther Raelene. "The Politics of Information: Examining the Conflict Between WikiLeaks and the US Government." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32293.
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In 2010 WikiLeaks released a number of secret and classified documents that contained information pertaining to the United States government. Since then, WikiLeaks and the United States government have been engaged in a rhetorical battle over the circulation of information. Using membership categorization analysis (MCA) as an analytical technique this thesis answers the following research question: what form(s) of politics are made possible as the result of the social orders produced by both WikiLeaks’ and the United States government’s public discourse on the circulation of information? After analyzing a sample of the related discourse, it became clear that the disagreement between WikiLeaks and the United States government is much greater than different views on the distribution of, and access to, information. Rather, the major issue is that the discourses produced by representatives of both organizations constitute two similar and yet somehow opposing social orders. The social orders produced result in different forms of politics and democracy. In turn, this involves each side thinking differently about transparency, the public, the government, the law, and the media.
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Clery, Aguirre Arturo Guillermo. "El acceso a la información pública: análisis de la experiencia europea y española y bases para su regulación en la República del Ecuador." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/376708.
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El acceso a la información pública es reconocido en la actualidad como un derecho y como un canal del siglo XXI para la participación, la democracia y la transparencia real, que colabora en la participación efectiva y eficaz de los ciudadanos.
La existencia de las llamadas políticas de datos abiertos, facilitadas por la extensión de la conectividad, el acceso a la red, la “publicidad activa” de los gobiernos y la administración electrónica, son las herramientas y actuaciones que han facilitado y están potenciando estos principios de acceso a la información y transparencia por parte de los ciudadanos. Pese a ello, se trata de un tema relativamente nuevo, aunque emergente en la República del Ecuador.
En la actualidad, en el Ecuador existe una Ley Orgánica de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública (LOTAIP), aprobada en el año 2004, la que se encuentra en vigencia siempre que no contravenga a la actual Constitución, según ordena en su transitoria final. La mencionada ley se encuentra desactualizada y no responde a la realidad local, ni internacional. Por ese motivo el Ecuador no escapa a la discusión en materia de acceso a la información pública.
Es así como, en su Carta Magna aprobada en el año 2008, el Ecuador desarrolla por primera vez en texto Constitucional, diferentes derechos respecto al acceso a la información: la prevalencia de contenidos informativos, educativos y culturales, el secreto profesional, la reserva de la fuente, entre otros elementos normativos. Ordenando además de forma general, que todas las leyes del país sean reformadas.
La antigua ley, en su momento, dio paso a que los gobiernos informen de su gestión de manera irregular, pero necesita urgentemente ser actualizada mediante la promulgación de un nuevo cuerpo legal, que sea moderno, eficaz, progresista y adecuado con los principios del actual sistema constitucional ecuatoriano del Buen Vivir.
El Buen Vivir alude a la necesidad de profundizar la democracia, al hacer hincapié en la promoción de una serie de derechos, garantías sociales y en la concepción de desarrollo del acceso a la información pública.
Pese a lo positivo que fue contar con la desactualizada ley, la experiencia en la materia indica que ésta no es suficiente para lograr que el acceso a la información pública sea una práctica habitual, tanto desde la perspectiva de quiénes generan la información y la administran, como de parte de las personas que la demandan.
Por lo que el interés de la presente investigación se centra en la aprobación, por mandato constitucional, de una nueva Ley de acceso a la información pública con procedimientos, funciones y concepciones modernas, que promueva la promoción y capacitación, tanto de funcionarios públicos, como de la sociedad en general.
En este escenario es posible encontrar ausencia legislativa, que teniendo previsión constitucional, el Ecuador aún no haya actualizado su antigua normativa de acceso a la información pública, trascendental para el desarrollo de su sociedad. Frente a este hecho se presenta un gran desafío, de pasar del simple enunciado constitucional a la práctica, mediante la aprobación de una nueva ley de acceso a la información pública.
En resumen, se carece en el Ecuador de una ley actualizada de acceso a la información pública acorde con la nueva Constitución, que recoja los principios de democracia, transparencia, participación y ética. Por este motivo, la presente investigación propone aportar con los principios generales, los elementos y herramientas bibliográficas, documentales y legales, para el desarrollo y fundamentación del derecho al acceso a la información pública y aprobación de una nueva ley en la República del Ecuador.The interest of this research focuses on the approval of a new law on the access to public information procedures, functions and modern concepts, which promote advocacy and training, both by public officials and society, by constitutional mandate. In this scenario one may find legislative absence with constitutional provision, moreover, Ecuador has not yet updated their ancient rules of access to public information, crucial for the development of society. In short, Ecuador lacks an updated access to public information, in line with the new Constitution, setting out the principles of democracy, transparency, participation and ethics law. Therefore, this research aims to contribute the general principles, elements and bibliographical, documentary and legal tools for the development and foundation of the right of access to public information and to the approval of a new law in the Republic of Ecuador.
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Rubio, Diego. "The ethics of deception : secrecy, transparency and deceit in the origins of modern political thought." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3e92fabc-9e47-41a5-a739-00a0f67d6dcf.
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The purpose of this thesis is to reflect on the importance that deception has had on the efficient functioning of societies and the development of individuals. I attempt to do so by adopting an historical perspective, analysing the development of the notion of lawful deception during the Middle Ages and, mainly, the Early Modern Age through theological and political discourses. The scope of my investigation is pan-European. I examine sources from the major Western territories, but I pay special attention to those produced in the Spanish-Habsburg Empire, which was a major political and cultural entity during this period. My claim is that between the thirteenth and seventeenth centuries, the West witnessed the formation of what I call an "Ethics of Deception:" a trend of thought that, without challenging the Augustinian prohibition of lying, recognised deception as intrinsic to nature and mankind, thereby justifying its use from moral and political perspectives. I explain how this intellectual process was conducted, fostered by new social realities, and helped by the flourishing of casuistry, tacitism and neostoicism. Furthermore, I argue that the acceptance of deception contributed to the creation of a new view of the world, language and human interaction. A view that is in the very basis of some of the most characteristic features of Baroque art and that opened the door to some of the most transcendental cultural changes of the period, such as the creation of politics governed by reason rather than faith, the secularisation of social behaviour, and the emergence of the notions of individualism, privacy and freedom of thought. For these reasons, I claim that deception played an important role in the shaping of Modernity.
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Drew, Christina H. "The decision mapping system : promoting transparency of long-term environmental decisions at Hanford /." Thesis, Connect to materials related to this title online, 2002. http://nalu.geog.washington.edu/dms.
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Mancosu, Giorgio. "La transparence publique à l'ère de l'Open Data. Etude comparée Italie-France." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020010.
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Les objets, les supports, les sources, la gouvernance, les contenus, les acteurs, les fins et les formes de la transparence publique connaissent à présent une évolution rapide et profonde, qui dépasse les frontières nationales et dépend de l’interaction entre facteurs politiques, technologiques, juridiques et socio-culturels. Cela s’avère notamment lorsque la transparence se prévaut des moyens du paradigme de l’"Open Government Data" et s’inscrit dans les perspectives de la doctrine de l’"Open Government".Ce travail de recherche vise à esquisser les mutations et les axes de progrès de la transparence publique, à l’aune de l’évolution des systèmes juridiques italien et français. On se penchera à titre liminaire sur l’articulation entre les notions de transparence et d’ouverture, afin de cerner les questions juridiques soulevées par l’ouverture des données publiques à des fins de transparence. Ensuite, on parcourra le niveau supranational, à la fois un forum et un lieu d’élaboration des orientations fondamentales en la matière. Une place de choix sera réservée au droit (et à la politique) de l’Union Européenne, dont on examinera les développements les plus récents. Enfin, on analysera les ordres juridiques susmentionnés, qui font à l’heure actuelle de la refonte du droit à l’information publique l’un des chantiers majeurs, dans le cadre de partenariats multi-parties prenantes tels que l’"Open Government Partnership"Objects, medium, sources, governance, content, actors, purposes and forms of public transparency are experiencing a rapid and profound evolution, which transcends national borders, and depends on the interaction between political, technological, legal and socio-cultural drivers. This happens when transparency exploiting the Open Government Data means and falls under the Open Government framework.Through the Italian and French legal systems, this thesis aims to highlight the recent advancements in public transparency. At first, we will look at the interplay between the concepts of transparency and openness, to identify the legal issues raised by the disclosure of public data. Subsequently, we will turn to the supranational context, which plays a key role in developing guidelines, standards and recommendations. A special place will be reserved to the right (and political) of the European Union. In the second part, we will analyse the above-mentioned legal systems, which are actively engaged in the wider reform of their Public Information Acts, within the framework of multi-stakeholder initiatives, such as the Open Government Partnership.On the whole, we will see how the shift from “transparency through documents” ” to “transparency through data” challenges the public action models
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Hoch, Katrina. "Judicial transparency communication, democracy and the United States federal judiciary /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3372690.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 13, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 375-400).
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Seeley, Amanda Janette. "Power and Trust/Transparency: A Force to Be Reckoned With When Applied to Internal Strategic Communication In the Department of Defense." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3286.
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This Master's thesis sets out to learn why internal strategic communication is not improving as quickly as one might hope in one office of the Department of Defense. Many articles support the need for improved internal strategic communication. But during the author's summer internship, she noted the communications team struggled to make this happen. The author therefore wondered why these communication professionals were not successful. What is hindering their success? Two earlier research papers showed trust, transparency, leadership, diversity and conflict were all connected to internal strategic communication- either positively or negatively. But one new theme arose from these studies: that of power. The current study employs an exploratory case study to look more closely at why power may be a factor- as well as exploring any other possible reasons in order to answer why internal communication is not improving very quickly in this one office. Current and former members of a strategic communication team were asked for their opinions through open ended survey questions about experiences they had illuminating these concepts. Those responses were triangulated with documents and participant observation. This study illustrates that themes including lack of trust, transparency, empowerment, and inappropriate use of power, all play a role in the success or failure of internal strategic communication. The literature helps explain why these themes are having such an impact.
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Jerez, Bernat Josefina. "Foundations' Transparency Levels. The Case of Catalan Foundations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461533.
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The Social Economy sector (SE) is especially relevant because its entities have a social aim and they principally operate in areas not fully covered by either the market or the public sector. The number of SE organisations has increased significantly in the last decades and its importance is still growing at global, European and national scale.
The high expectations of stakeholders towards the activity of these organizations have increased the transparency and accountability requirements of this sector's entities. Consequently, deficiency of transparency is considered a serious problem as it damages social trust in the organizations that belong to this sector.
The objective of this thesis is to study the transparency level of foundations, a specific type of SE organizations, whose volume has significantly risen in the past decades.
As a frame, the variety of coexisting registers in Spain and Europe were studied, as well as the evolution of the Spanish and Catalan regulations for foundations, which in recent years has undergone significant changes, especially due to the leading role that these institutions play in the economy. A database of 2,554 foundations from the Register of Catalonia, the largest in Spain, was used; information from the websites of 1,382 foundations, 54.11% of the total, was collected and analysed applying different statistical methodologies: bivariate, multivariate and logistic regression modelling, in order to find the drivers that influence the level of transparency of foundations.
Conclusions indicate that this sector has a challenge to overcome: 45.89% of a total of 2,554 foundations do not have an active website, and in application of law 19/2014, in force from 1st July 2015, they should stop their activity. The main driver influencing the transparency level of foundations is the variable activity, being the healthcare activity the most influential. The variable province of Barcelona is more influential than the rest of Catalan provinces. However, there is not a conclusive effect of the variables decade of registration and regulation period.
The methodology used to assess the degree of transparency can be extrapolated to other sectors (public or private). One possible future research field suggested is the study of the temporary evolution of the degree of transparency derived from the impact of legislation (law 19/2014).Les organitzacions que formen part de la economia social (ES) s'han incrementat notablement en els últims anys. La importància d'aquestes entitats sense ànim de lucre, que realitzen la seva activitat entre el sector públic i el sector privat, es cada vegada més gran tant a nivell europeu com nacional. La tesis s'ha centrat en un tipus específic d'entitats no lucratives: las fundacions, les quals han augmentat marcadament en volum en la última dècada, i el seu grau de transparència. En la investigació s'ha realitzat l'estudi dels següents punts: (i) la diversitat del registres que coexisteixen a Espanya i Europa, caracteritzat per la falta d'homogeneïtat a l'hora de registrar- se com a fundació; (ii) l'estudi de l'evolució en matèria legislativa que regula aquest tipus d'entitats, que en els últims anys ha experimentat uns canvis significatius, especialmente per la importància que estan adquirint aquestes entitats en les economies dels països, sent necessari la seva regulació. En la part empírica, s'ha treballat amb una base de dades de 2.556 fundacions del Registre de Catalunya, que es el registre més nombrós de tota Espanya, realitzant: (iii) anàlisis descriptiu per la caracterització del sector fundacional a Catalunya; (iv) anàlisis del grau de transparència de les fundacions, a través de la informació de la seva web; (v) anàlisis estadístic per descobrir les diverses relacions, utilitzant diferents metodologies. Entre les conclusions destaca la diversitat en el grau de transparència de les fundacions. En un extrem, el 40% de les fundacions no disposen de web pública, i en el compliment de la llei 19/2014, hauran de cèsar la seva activitat. En l'altre extrem, entre els dos terços restants existeix un petit grup de fundacions que han creat un apartat específic en la seva web denominat transparència, en el que apareix totes les dades requerides en l'article 6 de la nova llei de transparència, amb aplicació a partir del 1 Juliol 2015. La principal limitació de l'estudi va ser la no existència d'un registre homogeni de les fundacions, en l'espera de la creació d'un comú per tota Europa o Espanya. Aquest ha estat un greu obstacle que impossibilitat l'estudi de la transparència de les fundacions a un nivell agregat superior. Encara que s'han identificat les principals errors en matèria de registre. L'estudi empíric ens ha proporcionat un ampli coneixement del comportament del sector. La Coordinadora Catalana de Fundacions tenen previst la publicació dels resultats de l'anàlisi descriptiu (caracterització del sector), ja que de forma periòdica, cada 7 anys ( any 2001 I 2008), realitzen aquest tipus d'estudi. En l'any 2015 es preveu la publicació de capítol 9 de la tesis, relatiu a l'evolució del sector fundacional a Catalunya, i el capítol 10, el seu contingut inclou l'impacte de la nova llei de transparència mitjançant l'anàlisi de les webs I les mesures correctores a recomanar a les fundacions per la millora de la seva transparència. Les conclusions indiquen que aquest sector té un repte a superar amb el 45,89% del total de 2.554 fundacions que no disposen de lloc web actiu, i en compliment de la llei 19/2014, amb aplicació a partir de l'1 Juliol 2015, haurien d'aturar la seva activitat. El principal factor que influeix en el grau. de transparència de les fundacions es la variable activitat principal, essent l'activitat assistencial la que més influeix. La variable província de Barcelona es la més influent respecte a la resta de províncies de Catalunya. No hi ha una influència concloent per a les variables dècada d'inscripció al registre i període legislatiu. La metodologia utilitzada per avaluar el grau de transparència és extrapolable a altres sectors (públic o privat). Una de les futures investigacions suggerides és l'evolució temporal del grau de transparència derivada de l'impacte de la legislació (llei 19/2014).
El sector de economía social (ES) es de especial importancia porque las entidades de este sector tienen un fin social y operan principalmente en áreas no plenamente cubiertas por el mercado o el sector público. El número de organizaciones que forman parte de la ES ha incrementado notablemente en las últimas décadas y su importancia es creciente a escala global, europea y nacional. Las mayores expectativas de las partes interesadas hacia la actividad de estas organizaciones han aumentado las exigencias de transparencia y rendición de las entidades de este sector. La deficiencia de transparencia es un grave problema pues daña la confianza social en las organizaciones de este sector. Esta tesis estudia el grado de transparencia en un tipo específico de entidades de ES: las fundaciones, las cuales han aumentado significativamente en las últimas décadas. Como marco de referencia se realizó el estudio de la diversidad de registros que coexisten en España y Europa y, por otra parte, la evolución de la legislación española y catalana que regula las fundaciones, que en los últimos años ha experimentado cambios significativos por la importancia que están adquiriendo estas entidades en la economía. En la parte empírica, se trabajó con una base de datos de 2.554 fundaciones del Registro de Cataluña, el más numeroso del estado español, para la caracterización del sector fundacional en Cataluña; se recogió la información de la web de 1.382 fundaciones (54,11% del total) y se analizaron los datos aplicando diferentes metodologías estadísticas: bivariante, multivariante y modelización mediante regresión logística, para hallar los principales factores que influyen en el grado de transparencia de las fundaciones. Las conclusiones indican que este sector tiene un reto por superar con el 45,89% del total de 2.554 fundaciones que no disponen de web activa, y en cumplimiento de la ley 19/2014, con aplicación a partir del 1 Julio 2015, deberían cesar su actividad. El principal factor que influye en el grado de transparencia de las fundaciones es la variable actividad principal, siendo la actividad asistencial la que más influye. La variable provincia de Barcelona es la más influyente respecto a las restantes provincias de Catalunya. No hay una influencia concluyente para las variables década de inscripción al registro y período legislativo. La metodología utilizada para evaluar el grado de transparencia es extrapolable a otros sectores (público o privado). Una de las futuras investigaciones sugeridas es la evolución temporal del grado de transparencia derivada del impacto de legislación (ley 19/2014).
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Arnold, Fadwa. "Best social audit practices in public service delivery from selected countries: Lessons for the South African local government." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8095.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAThis study is an exploration of best social audit practices in public service delivery from selected countries: Lessons for the South African local government. The study is vital in that the end of apartheid ushered in new sets of challenges in the country and one of these was the need for transformation which saw the birth of the 1996 Constitution which introduced Local government in South Africa which consists of the municipalities. Local government then emerged as the sphere of government closest to the people providing basic services. This is consistent with Part B of Schedule 4 of the 1996 Constitution, which mandates municipalities the responsibility for basic services. This is also supported by the White Paper on Local Government of 1998, the Municipal Structures Act, of 1998 and the Systems Act of 2000 which all explain on the need for the municipality to deliver services, yet many residents are not being served leading to service delivery protest to ensure that service are delivered and others turning to social accountability mechanism such as social audits to improve governance and accountability. This study aims to discover knowledge of best social audit practices from selected countries, aims to describe the best social audit practices and methods of selected countries practicing social audits such as Canada, India and Kenya; outline the challenges of social audits from selected countries and discusses the significance of social audit and methods of selected countries. To achieve this goal the study employed a qualitative research approach and collected data from websites, journals, articles and information on local government in South Africa. The study is both descriptive and exploratory and does not intend to provide conclusive evidence but helps us to have a better understanding of the social audit concept. The study found that the social audit concept yielded considerable and positive results in the selected countries and led to an increase in accountability, participation and transparency, led to an improved service delivery and were effective in detecting corruption and irregularities. It also found that there were challenges relating to social audits like the lack of access to reliable information, the intensive nature of the audit process, the threatening of social auditors and the lack of cooperation within the social audit process. This study suggests that the South African local government sector, explores the social audit concept and process, learn from the challenges relating to social audits, amend its legislation to align with international standards and further strengthen legislation in order to ensure that enabling legislation exists for social audits to operate within. This research provides insights into the social audit concept and its application in selected countries as lessons for the South African local government sector.
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Al-Saidi, Majid. "Analytical study of sovereign wealth fund's strategies and policies : a case study of Oman sovereign wealth fund." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6494.
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This thesis documents a study of the factors affecting the sustainable growth and performance of the Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs). Despite the increased interest of governments, analysts, central bankers, academics and SWF managers and the unprecedented growth in the last two decades, SWFs research is still in its infancy. Two main problems are: current debate between sponsoring and investee countries about governance and transparency of major SWFs including Oman SWF; and how these SWFs can manage their sustainable growth, performance and success rate. These two issues are addressed in this thesis. . An extensive review of the industry and academic literature was done in order to find the relevant facts about the domain of SWFs. The case study research strategy was adopted and primary data were collected by questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews from employees and other stakeholders of Oman SWF. Norway SWF was analysed for the purposes of data triangulation, comparison and validation. The theoretical framework comprising factors affecting growth, performance and success rate was proposed and tested using multiple evidences from secondary data, interviews and statistical analyses of the questionnaire responses. The literature reveals that existing theories of trade, finance, economics and management are able to resolve conflicting issues within SWFs and between sponsoring and investee countries. Results reveal that qualitative factors such as governance, policy and planning and quantitative factors such as structure, investment strategy and decision making ultimately affect the long term growth and success rate of global SWFs. It is also found that external or investee country laws do not affect the SWFs as much as issues within the SWFs. Findings suggest that Oman SWF has issues of concern in many aspects such as governance, transparency, accountability, investment strategy, organisational structure, asset allocation, updating laws and policy mechanisms; thus requiring overall restructuring and transformation of Oman SWF into a professional organisation. This thesis makes a significant contribution by linking theories to SWFs, an extensive literature review, a theoretical proposition comprising factors affecting the growth of SWFs, methodological combination and creating further research streams in the SWF domain.
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Batalha, Sofia Alves de Aguiar. "Determinantes da transparência municipal? Uma análise empírica do "mercado" da transparência orçamental." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8491.
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Mestrado em Economia e Políticas PúblicasA preocupação com a transparência no sector local tem crescido com a descentralização de competências para os governos locais e a independência de que estes gozam face ao governo central. As suas implicações na prestação de contas dos governos aos eleitores/contribuintes e no combate à corrupção fazem da transparência e seus determinantes um objeto de análise relevante. Em face do reduzido número de estudos na literatura, a presente dissertação visa dar um contributo nesta área ainda pouco explorada. O objetivo central consiste na identificação de impulsionadores e inibidores da transparência nos municípios portugueses, considerando que o nível de transparência é produto das características dos agentes que influenciam a sua oferta (dirigentes públicos e políticos) e procura (cidadãos). Recorrendo ao Índice de Transparência Municipal de 2013 como medida de transparência, testou-se o papel de fatores políticos, sociodemográficos, orçamentais, de situação económica, capital social e envolvimento dos cidadãos para um universo de 301 municípios portugueses. Os resultados obtidos identificam como impulsionadores da transparência o nível de instrução da população e o aumento do endividamento do município, resultado que não deixa de ser intrigante. Foi considerada significativa a dimensão do município em número de residentes, tendo-se verificado que municípios maiores tendem a ser mais transparentes revelando-se expressiva a dicotomia pequeno vs. grande município. Níveis mais elevados de despesa efetiva per capita e taxas de desemprego mais altas parecem constituir inibidores da transparência.
The concern with public transparency has increased with the decentralization of powers to local governments and their independence from central government. Transparency's role on government accountability towards its electors and taxpayers as well as on eradicating corruption makes the study of transparency and its determinants extremely relevant. Given the small number of studies addressing transparency's determinants, this dissertation aims at providing an approach to this still underexplored area. The main purpose is to identify both the drivers and inhibitors of transparency in Portuguese municipalities considering that the transparency level is a result of supply agents - (public officials and politicians) and demand agents - (citizens) features. Resorting to the Municipal Transparency Index 2013 as transparency measure, the role of political, socio-demographic, economic situation, budget, social capital and citizen engagement factors was tested across 301 municipalities. The results point to education and higher level of debt as transparency drivers, the latter being quite a puzzling outcome. It was also considered significant the number of residents as the results show that municipalities with more residents tend to be more transparent which reflects the dichotomy between small and large municipalities. The results indicate that higher levels of per capita effective expenditure as well as higher unemployment rates work as inhibitors of information disclosure by the local government.
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Saker, Justin James. "Rejoin : creation of understanding within government architecture through exploration of public private thresholds in the Pretoria CBD." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30281.
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Motivation and Approach This thesis seeks to address the alienated urban experience facilitated by Government architecture within the CBD that has become the norm, namely exclusionary “objects as architecture”. The study will seek to counter public exclusion and establish interdepartmental connectivity thus aiding cohesion within Government as well as between Government and the public. Architectural Intention - Definition through Transparency Exploration will happen by redefining views of the public realm through the creation of an architectural experience that tackles legibility within both the public and private domains, thus engaging all users as valued actors in the spatial milieu.Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Architecture
unrestricted
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Dlamini, Majaha. "Data driven urbanism: challenges in implementing open data policy and digital transparency in the City of Cape Town." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31689.
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As part of its quest to become the first digital African city, in 2014 the City of Cape Town adopted an open data policy, which was later coupled with an open data portal to make government data available for public access. This was touted as a novelty initiative as the City of Cape Town was the first African city to implement a policy of this nature. This open data initiative aimed at enhancing transparency and accountability as well as promoting inclusive economic participation for its citizens. Open data project managers from the city and external industry experts working on open data initiatives were interviewed to understand the current the state of open data within the city and how it worked with other stakeholders. The study draws on these interviews to present the current challenges experienced by the city from the city’s official point of view as well as from open data experts working closely with the city. To understand the practical experiences of how the city publishes data in its platforms, the study also extensively explored the city’s open data portal, as well as examining and commenting on the documented open data policy guidelines contrasted and compared to current practical experiences. To guide the objectives and analysis of the study, four key themes were adopted from literature; context, use, data and impact. Context focused on the overall context or environment at which open data in the city is provided as a public service, while use focused challenges on the uses of open data as well as it is users, data focused on the types of datasets published on the portal as well as the technical challenges in publishing them. Lastly impact looked at the expected benefits and goals of the city’s open data policy. The study through the themes highlighted the ongoing challenges at various levels that the city experience as they implement and develop the open data policy. Overall it was noted that open data was not a goal but continuous challenges were arising daily while implementing and developing the policy- while it was noted that various stakeholders within and outside government had to collaborate to effectively meet the required open data standards.
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Ntontela, Majama. "An investigation of record-keeping as a catalyst in ensuring accountability and transparency : a case study of the Provincial Department of Basic Education in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4415.
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Not all documents are records. One of the central concerns of contemporary governance is the reduced or complete lack of accountability among public officials when rendering public services. In the absence of accountability and records, corruption thrives. This research examines the relationship that exists between transparency, accountability and record keeping in order to find the effect that records has; in terms of producing positive audit outcomes and in eliminating corrupt activities by public official/s. Since the transition to democracy in South Africa, the new constitution demands transparency and accountability on matters of governance supported with available information (records). Various pieces of legislation in South Africa are available in support of timely, accessible and accurate information in pursuit of official duties. The difficulty in ensuring an effective record keeping creates an opportunity for governance, transparency and accountability to fail. The essence of this research undertaking was motivated by the fact that, absence of records (which has a negative effect in achieving clean audits) renders governance chaotic and infringes on the democratic principles enshrined in the Constitution such as accountability and transparency. The purpose of the study was to investigate the practice of record keeping in the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Basic Education (ECDoE) in ensuring accountability and transparency. This research undertaking was guided by the following three research questions: (1) what is the legal/normative framework that governs record keeping in South African public service? (2) How does ECDoE practice record-keeping in ensuring accountability and transparency? And (3) how does the practice of ECDoE’s record-keeping compare with the requirements of the legal/normative framework? After all the gathering of information from different sources, it is therefore recommended that the ECDoE send its employees for records management courses and there must be strict adherence to legislation and recommendations made by the Auditor General in his last audit report for the department. During the conduct of this research undertaking, these are the findings that emerged from the study: at the ECDoE (1) There is no adequate training provided to employees in record keeping. (2) There are ineffective internal control systems. (3) There is no risk management contingency plan. (4) There is no proper record keeping. (5) There is non-compliance with legislation by officials. (6) There is no strong or effective leadership. (7) There is shortage of staff and qualified personnel. (8) Lack of commitment to excel. (9) No significant corrective action undertaken to eliminate past inaccuracies. (10) There is absence of following up on recommendations made by the external audit. Lastly, the researcher accepts the arguments raised by the different authors about record keeping, transparency and accountability in that: there can be no accountable and transparent government without an effective record-keeping in place. Records are vital sources of evidence admissible to any institution be it a court of law or standing committees should clarity be required.
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Sait, Lynette. "Strategies for the National Assembly to ensure the effective implementation of the National Development Plan of South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2099.
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Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology.The primary objective of this study was to contribute evidence and analysis that the administration of Parliament and structures such as portfolio committees can utilise during their oversight activities to ensure the successful implementation of the National Development Plan (NDP). In this regard, this study endeavoured to shed light on the current legislative, oversight and public participation practices of the National Assembly with respect to the executive. In particular, the study considered the strengths and weaknesses of the many ways in which Parliament pursues its mandate, through its oversight methods such as debates, questions, portfolio committee oversight activities, and legislation, amongst others. As such, the study’s recommendations are geared towards strengthening the capabilities of Parliament to deliver improved outcomes and, in so doing, raise the level of accountability within and throughout the institution. A number of gaps and weaknesses in the way in which Parliament executes its mandate were found. Significantly, accountability – which is the axis around which the roles of Members of Parliament and Parliament itself revolves – has been significantly weakened by competing political agendas. The highly political context and the proportional representative system influence the autonomy and commitments of Parliament. The NDP (2012:45) holds that “accountability is essential to democracy and that the accountability chain should be strengthened from top to bottom”. Serious questions emerged about the ability of Parliament to hold the executive to account. Capacity constraints which pertain to both members and staff and the building of coalitions (external expertise) were factors that require attention.
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Nicolo, Francesca, Elissa Cardoso, and Puente Julia Ramos. "Strategic Sustainable Development for transparent, accountable and participatory governments." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12729.
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During the last century, the world has faced unprecedented challenges relating to the degradation of the socio-ecological system. In light of this, governments play an important role to help tackle these issues. This thesis identifies the Open Government Partnership (OGP) organisation, as an initiative that can support governments in addressing these challenges. In particular, the potential to address these issues relates to OGP’s vision of strengthening governance by increasing transparency, accountability and participation. Therefore, the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) was used to analyse the results from the semi-structured interviews, literature review and document analysis, in order to identify the strengths and limitations of OGP’s planning approach. Based on these results, recommendations call for the utilisation of the ABCD strategic planning process to assist OGP member governments and stakeholders to develop a concrete definition of sustainability, and a strategic planning approach that can support society in moving towards sustainability.
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Lacerda, Sérvulu Mário de Paiva. "Governo aberto, transparência e governo eletrônico nas câmaras municipais paraibanas: um estudo multicaso." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9377.
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This dissertation presents a debate about open government, transparency and e-government in the municipal councils Paraibanas. Aiming to understand the current stage of transparency and e-government actions that allow access to information, participation and collaboration of society in political and deliberative processes through virtual portals of the Paraíba municipal legislature. To do so, the research is exploratory-descriptive in nature, with quanti-quali approach, made use of two data collection instruments: Questionnaires (CGU Transparency Brazil Scale Checklist, focusing on transparency, and a cut of the Amorim and Almada (2014) questionnaire, to focus on participation and collaboration and a semi-structured interview. As a result, observed that the management of the municipalities of Paraíba is still at an incipient level in terms of transparency, collaboration and social participation. In addition, it was possible to point out as challenges of the Municipalities to implement open government are: the lack of financial resources, the incipient popular participation, the low degree of knowledge of the great part of the population and the digital and physical infrastructure. Therefore, even with current legislation that encourages access to and dissemination and encouragement of national and international bodies for government actions, in order to promote the participation of citizens in political and deliberative processes, this is not enough to institutionalize the model Proposed by the open government.
Esta dissertação apresenta um debate sobre o governo aberto, a transparência e o governo eletrônico nas Câmaras Municipais Paraibanas. Tendo como objetivo compreender o atual estágio das ações de transparência e do governo eletrônico que permitam o acesso à informação, a participação e a colaboração da sociedade em processos políticos e deliberativos através de portais virtuais do legislativo municipal paraibano. Para tanto, a pesquisa é de natureza exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem quanti-quali, fez uso de dois instrumentos de coleta de dados: Questionários (o Checklist Escala Brasil Transparente da CGU, com foco na transparência, e um recorte do questionário de Amorim e Almada (2014), para focar na participação e colaboração) e uma entrevista semi-estruturada. Como resultado observou que a gestão das Câmaras Municipais paraibanas ainda se encontra no nível incipiente em relação à transparência, à colaboração e à participação social. Além disso, foi possível pontuar como desafios das Câmaras Municipais para implementar o governo aberto são: a falta de recursos financeiros, a incipiente participação popular, o baixo grau de conhecimento da grande parte da população e a infraestrutura digital e física. Portanto, mesmo com uma legislação vigente que incentiva o acesso e a divulgação e o estímulo dos órgãos nacionais e internacionais para ações governamentais, a fim de promover a participação dos munícipes nos processos políticos e deliberativos, isso não é o suficiente para a institucionalização do modelo de governo proposto pelo governo aberto.
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Dang, Thi an lien. "L'amélioration des relations entre l'administration et les citoyens au Vietnam." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30073.
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Pour être reconnu « citoyens », les Vietnamiens ont dû subir de longues années de guerre. Une République socialiste indépendante est créée et s’est développée mais la vie des citoyens est toujours difficile en raison notamment de la gestion de l’État à l’égard d’une économie planifiée suivant le modèle bureaucratique. Surmonter ces difficultés et améliorer la vie des citoyens deviennent des tâches urgentes pour l’État vietnamien. Cela a conduit à l’ouverture de Đổi mới (Renouveau) en 1986. Cette réforme économique en faveur du développement de l’économie de marché exige celle de l’administration, notamment en matière des formalités administratives. Cependant, il faut attendre jusqu’en 2001 pour avoir un premier programme de réforme administrative qui est appliqué dans tout ensemble du pays.L’exécution de ces réformes a apporté plusieurs changements dans tous les domaines pour le Vietnam, l’économie s’est développée et le niveau de vie des citoyens est de plus en plus important. Cependant, les inconvénients et les obstacles demeurent. Les citoyens sont toujours mécontents de la lenteur, de la lourdeur et de l’inefficacité de l’administration. De plus, l’adhésion du Vietnam à l’Organisation mondiale du Commerce (OMC), son intégration économique sur le plan national et international, l’élargissement des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication constituent des enjeux forts et nouveaux pour un pays en voie de développement. Ainsi, l’administration doit être plus démocratique, simplifiée, transparente, puissante, professionnelle, moderne et efficace, et favorisant la participation des citoyens à son action afin de mieux répondre à leur nouvelles attentesTo be recognized as « citizens », Vietnamese people have had to under through years of war against foreign invaders. A socialist republic were created and developped, however its citizens have been always bearing difficulties caused the bureaucratic administration and a planned economy.Overcoming and improving citizen’s life standards become uttermost missions of the Government. These led to the Đổi mới (Renovation) in 1986 in Vietnam. The economic reform toward market economy required a similar reform in administrative mechanism, especially in administrative procedures. However, the first administrative reforms on national scale had not been started until 2001.These reforms have resulted in changes in all sectors in Vietnam, the economy develops and citizens’ life standard improved. Nevertheless, burdens and shortcomings are still there. Vietnam citizens are still dispointed by the slowness, heaviness and ineffectiveness of the administrative apparatus. Moreover, Vietnam’s accession to WTO, national and international economic integration, enhanced application of information technology are actually factors for development. Similarly, administration apparatus should be stronger, more democratic, simplified, transparent, professional, effective and modernized, so that it could promote citizen participation in its activities to meet their expectation
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Eaton, Lisa Jean. "Policy adoption by state governments| An event history analysis of factors influencing states to enact inpatient health care transparency laws." Thesis, The Florida State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3564876.
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This dissertation provides an analysis and evaluation of factors influencing states to enact inpatient health care transparency laws between 1971 and 2006 inclusive, using event history analysis. The primary research question investigates "What factors influence a state legislature to enact a health care transparency law?" To narrow the scope of study, I focus on factors influencing states to enact health care transparency laws to collect and publicly report inpatient data.
The Unified Model of State Policy Innovation, developed by F.S. Berry and W.D. Berry (1990, 1999), provides the framework for the study hypotheses and the analysis of inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states. The Unified Model of State Policy Innovation posits a unified explanation for state policy adoptions. The model unifies the internal determinants and regional diffusion approaches of analysis for state policy adoption.
This study tests eight hypotheses using event history analysis (EHA). EHA is an analytical technique that allows for the testing of a state government innovation theory that incorporates internal determinants and regional influences on state policy adoption. Although there are numerous methods to conduct event history analysis, this study uses the Cox proportional hazards model (also known as Cox regression). Cox regression is a popular method for studying time-to-event data for policy adoption and diffusion studies. This study's quantitative analysis provides support for legislative ideology and unified party control of state government acting as factors influencing inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states. Additionally, the health care crisis and neighbors variables were statistically significant, but in an opposite direction than predicted.
The findings of this research suggest that state adopters of an inpatient health care transparency law are more likely to enact an inpatient health care transparency law when the state government is increasing in liberalism and when unified political party control of the governor and the governorship of both houses of the state legislature is increasing.
To generate new insights into the enactment of inpatient health care transparency laws, I conduct a case study of a national health care data professional association using several techniques, including telephone interviews. The qualitative analysis provides support for professional associations and policy champions as diffusion agents for inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states.
This dissertation supports variables traditionally used in policy adoption research including legislative ideology and unified political party control in state government. However, it will be interesting to see whether internal determinants such as professional associations gain traction over the traditional regional diffusion influences such as states sharing borders as factors influencing state policy adoption. Meanwhile, as evidenced in this study, there continues to be support for a model incorporating both internal and regional influences to explain policy adoption by states. The theory of policy innovation and diffusion to predict the factors influencing the spread of policies and the use of Berry & Berry's (1990, 1999) Unified Model of State Policy Innovation prosper as their applicability to numerous public policy areas, including health care, are continually demonstrated. Similarly, event history analysis and specifically the Cox regression method continue to gain support as their value as analytical methods and appropriateness for use in public policy studies is repeatedly demonstrated.
The outlook for the future of the health care transparency movement looks promising. The health care transparency movement promotes improved access to information, patient empowerment, improved patient safety and quality of care, improved provider accountability, and lower health care costs. This movement is not a fad, but rather a permanent change being implemented in all health care settings across the United States. Improved health through reliable, accessible data and data-supported decisions is increasingly becoming the norm and less an idealistic scenario to be realized in the distant future.
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Motale, Itumeleng John. "Public participation strategy for budgeting in local government : the case of Tlokwe Local Municipality / I.J. Motale." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9150.
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Before the historical democratic elections of 1994, South Africa did not have a culture of actively engaging communities in local government affairs.
Democracy brought emphasis to transparency in municipal activities, and greater public accountability. It is legislated in South Africa that local governments should interact with communities in an endeavour to carry out the responsibilities of service delivery to ensure growth and development in a manner that promotes and enhances community participation and accountability. However, integrated municipal development planning, budgeting, local economic development projects, and various forms of municipal partnerships, are all issues which require effective community participation processes.
Local government as a sphere government closest to the people is now expected to engage communities through exploring sustainable strategies as mechanisms which, within the context of this study, bring about effective public participation. In this regard, an effective, efficient, vibrant and innovative local government system that is accountable to local communities is of obvious importance. The local government has a key role to play in ensuring that people receive quality leadership and a sound and stable local democracy. Section 153 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) spells out two important developmental duties of a municipality:
* To structure and manage its administration and budget planning process so as to give priority to the basic needs of the community and to promote the environmental and socio-economic development of the community: and * To participate in national and provincial development programmes. The purpose of this study was to determine a variety of effective channels or mechanisms and processes for public participation in the integrated development planning (IDP) and budget process in the Tlokwe Local Municipality. It also focuses on the policy and legislative framework underpinning public participation in the IDP and budget processes. The study further considers that legislation requires that the IDP process of Tlokwe Municipality should structurally incorporate the voice of the community which will be affected by planning. The researcher used a qualitative method to determine how Tlokwe Local Municipality addresses the needs of the local community to enhance participatory democracy. The study established that there are a number of challenges facing the municipality which are barriers to effective participation. Several of these challenges relate to the poor and the marginalised groups which still have far too little influence in the affairs of the municipality.Thesis (MA (Public Management and Governance))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Ferreira, Ana Maria Jensen Ferreira da Costa [UNESP]. "Second life e transparência pública: perspectivas para o compartilhamento de dados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93642.
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As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) se fazem presentes em todas as atividades do cotidiano humano. Ambientes digitais na Web estão sendo criados pelas organizações públicas e privadas para apresentar informações sobre economia, política, educação, dentre outros, permitindo assim maior visibilidade das suas atividades. Nesse sentido, os órgãos governamentais, com os recursos tecnológicos oferecidos pela Web, estão propiciando o acesso de dados públicos e informações da administração pública em sítios oficiais e ambientes colaborativos com o intuito de contemplar a transparência pública. Assim, definiu-se esta pesquisa com o objetivo de investigar de que modo o Second Life (SL) pode potencializar o acesso, o uso e a disseminação de dados públicos para a promoção da transparência pública. De característica exploratória, descritiva e analítica procurou-se embasamento teórico em bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre os temas: internet, Web 2.0, ambientes colaborativos, redes sociais, elementos de estrutura de sítios da Web com foco em conteúdo direcionado a transparência pública, dados abertos e e-gov. No SL foram analisados ambientes com informações governamentais, como a NIC e a biblioteca arquivo NASA CoLab e o Ontário Careers. No SL, utilizando as ferramentas que ele oferece, foi criado um espaço denominado Green House, com o intuito de reunir objetos e conteúdos informacionais sobre temas relacionados às iniciativas de transparência pública no Brasil. Nesse ambiente foram apresentados sítios oficiais do governo e livros digitais, possibilitando o acesso dessas informações na Web. No contexto da Ciência da Informação e com os recursos oferecidos pela plataforma SL, foi possível verificar que esse ambiente é propício para disponibilizar informações públicas...
The Information Technology and Communication (ICT) is present in all human daily activities. Digital environments on the Web are being created by public and private organizations to provide information on economics, politics, education, among others, allowing greater visibility of its activities. Thereby, government agencies, using technological resources offered by the Web, are offering public data and information of the public administration at official sites and collaborative environments in order to address the public transparency. Thus, this research set up with the aim to investigate how Second Life (SL) can enhance the access, use and dissemination of public information to promote public transparency. Characteristic of exploratory, descriptive and analytical tried to theoretical foundation in international and national literature on the topics: internet, Web 2.0, collaborative environments, social networks, design elements of Web sites with targeted content focused on public transparency, open data and e-gov. SL were analyzed in environments that provide government information such as the NIC and the library file and NASA CoLab Ontario Careers. In SL, using the tools it offers, a space was created called Green House, in order to gather information about objects and subjects related to public transparency initiatives in Brazil. In this environment were available official government sites and digital books, enabling access of information on the Web in the context of Information Science and the resources offered by the SL platform, we found that the environment is conducive to providing public information and to enhance access to public data, because, in addition to reference information from government agencies, makes it possible for avatars, partially sheltered with their identity, to collaborate with criticisms and suggestions on... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Ferreira, Ana Maria Jensen Ferreira da Costa. "Second life e transparência pública : perspectivas para o compartilhamento de dados /." Marília, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93642.
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Orientador: Ricardo César Gonçalves Sant'AnaCoorientador: Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregório Vidotti
Banca: Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa Santos
Banca: Maria Elisabete Catarino
Resumo: As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) se fazem presentes em todas as atividades do cotidiano humano. Ambientes digitais na Web estão sendo criados pelas organizações públicas e privadas para apresentar informações sobre economia, política, educação, dentre outros, permitindo assim maior visibilidade das suas atividades. Nesse sentido, os órgãos governamentais, com os recursos tecnológicos oferecidos pela Web, estão propiciando o acesso de dados públicos e informações da administração pública em sítios oficiais e ambientes colaborativos com o intuito de contemplar a transparência pública. Assim, definiu-se esta pesquisa com o objetivo de investigar de que modo o Second Life (SL) pode potencializar o acesso, o uso e a disseminação de dados públicos para a promoção da transparência pública. De característica exploratória, descritiva e analítica procurou-se embasamento teórico em bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre os temas: internet, Web 2.0, ambientes colaborativos, redes sociais, elementos de estrutura de sítios da Web com foco em conteúdo direcionado a transparência pública, dados abertos e e-gov. No SL foram analisados ambientes com informações governamentais, como a NIC e a biblioteca arquivo NASA CoLab e o Ontário Careers. No SL, utilizando as ferramentas que ele oferece, foi criado um espaço denominado Green House, com o intuito de reunir objetos e conteúdos informacionais sobre temas relacionados às iniciativas de transparência pública no Brasil. Nesse ambiente foram apresentados sítios oficiais do governo e livros digitais, possibilitando o acesso dessas informações na Web. No contexto da Ciência da Informação e com os recursos oferecidos pela plataforma SL, foi possível verificar que esse ambiente é propício para disponibilizar informações públicas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Information Technology and Communication (ICT) is present in all human daily activities. Digital environments on the Web are being created by public and private organizations to provide information on economics, politics, education, among others, allowing greater visibility of its activities. Thereby, government agencies, using technological resources offered by the Web, are offering public data and information of the public administration at official sites and collaborative environments in order to address the public transparency. Thus, this research set up with the aim to investigate how Second Life (SL) can enhance the access, use and dissemination of public information to promote public transparency. Characteristic of exploratory, descriptive and analytical tried to theoretical foundation in international and national literature on the topics: internet, Web 2.0, collaborative environments, social networks, design elements of Web sites with targeted content focused on public transparency, open data and e-gov. SL were analyzed in environments that provide government information such as the NIC and the library file and NASA CoLab Ontario Careers. In SL, using the tools it offers, a space was created called Green House, in order to gather information about objects and subjects related to public transparency initiatives in Brazil. In this environment were available official government sites and digital books, enabling access of information on the Web in the context of Information Science and the resources offered by the SL platform, we found that the environment is conducive to providing public information and to enhance access to public data, because, in addition to reference information from government agencies, makes it possible for avatars, partially sheltered with their identity, to collaborate with criticisms and suggestions on... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Casali, Claudia Jacqueline Lopes. "Portal Transparência Bahia: um passo para a construção de um estado mais transparente." Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2014. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/17708.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar aspectos relacionados à transparência na gestão pública, apresentando elementos que contribuam para seu processo de ampliação no âmbito do Governo do Estado da Bahia, tendo como objeto de estudo o portal Transparência Bahia, lançado em agosto de 2007. Para isso, foram resgatadas as principais discussões e conceitos relacionados ao tema transparência, que ganhou importante dimensão nos dias atuais. A transparência é uma demanda e uma etapa fundamental em um processo de avanço em direção a um Estado mais democrático, tendo como base o uso da tecnologia digital. Assim, este trabalho analisa os avanços e limitações do Transparência Bahia, criado num contexto de oportunidades tecnológicas e de simbólicas mudanças políticas neste estado. A metodologia da pesquisa tomou como estratégia o estudo de caso específico, de caráter exploratório e analítico, tendo por objeto o portal Transparência Bahia, e adotando como modelo de análise pesquisas anteriores voltadas para aspectos de avaliação da transparência do governo eletrônico, visando à interação entre governos e cidadãos e a avaliação dos serviços e informações oferecidos, especialmente a prestação de contas de serviços via internet. Concluiu-se que o portal Transparência Bahia contempla os requisitos de abertura, efetuando uma exposição de dados em seu estado bruto, no entanto, não responde completamente ao quesito transparência, necessitando maiores aprimoramentos para se atingir eficientemente seu papel. Por conta disso, são propostas linhas para ações práticas, como forma de contribuição a fim de que o portal avance enquanto instrumento na direção de uma efetiva participação democrática na gestão pública, consciente de que somente a vontade política e a educação poderão criar as condições necessárias para que isso de fato possa se concretizar.
This research aims to analyze aspects related to transparency in the public management, showing elements that contribute to its expansion process in the Government of the State of Bahia, pointing the portal Transparência Bahia (Transparency Bahia) as object of study, launched in August 2007. To this were recovered the main discussions and concepts related to the theme transparency, which received important dimension nowadays. Transparency is a demand and a fundamental step in a process of advance toward a more democratic state, based on the use of digital technology. Therefore, this study analyzes the advances and limitations of Transparência Bahia, created in a context of technological opportunities and symbolic political change in this state. The research methodology took as strategy the specific case study of exploratory and analytical character, pointing the portal Transparência Bahia (Transparency Bahia) as object of study and adopting as model analysis former the researches focused in aspects of assessing of the transparency of electronics government, aiming to interaction between governments and citizens and the evaluation of services and information offered, especially the rendering of account by Internet. We conclude that portal Transparência Bahia includes the requirements of opening, carry exposure of data out in its raw state, however, does not fully answer the issue of transparency, requiring major enhancements to efficiently achieve its part. As a result, lines are proposals for practical actions, as contribution to the portal advances as an instrument towards an effective democratic participation in public management, aware that only the political will and education can create the conditions so that it can in fact be accomplished.
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Strand, Alexandra, and Julia Heiming. "Ideell transparens i praktiken : En studie i hur transparens visas i insamlingsorganisationer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302045.
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Abstract Title: Nonprofit transparency in practic. A study concerning how transperancy is motivated in fundrasing organisations. Author: Julia Heiming & Alexandra Strand Tutor: Josef Pallas Purpose: The purpose with this thesis was to examine whether transparency exists and how it appears in nonprofit organizations, first and foremost in their fundraising. Moreover, the investigation display a more thoroughly and complex image of transparency compared to the external, which is more requested nowadays. The key questions to be answered are; How does nonprofit organizations consider themselves to be transparent?, What sort of transparency exists within the participating nonprofit organizations?, Does the collaborators have an insight in the operation managers’ decisions?, Do the operation managers have an insight in the work of their employees’, concerning their collection processes?, Does the collection organizations have an oversee concerning their branch and what is said about them?, Does external stakeholders have an opportunity to get insight in the organizations’ collecting processes? Method/Material: The results are based on a qualitative study built on nine different semi structured interviews with three nonprofit organizations. The interviews are based on a model made by Esaiasson, Gilljam, Oscarsson and Wängnerud which later on was analyzed with Heald’s four different types of transparency. Main results: The primary result of the survey proved that all the four different types of transparency more or less exist within the participating organizations. Transparency inwards is the type that the organizations proved to focus on the most. However, the organizations did also focus on the remaining three types. In account of this survey a broader picture of transparency has been disclosed, not only the public view has been displayed. As a nonprofit organization one should be aware of all four different varieties of transparency when openness towards different types engender trust towards the nonprofit organizations, which in return can generate donations. Number of pages: 65 Course: Media and Communication studies C University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University Period: Fall 2014 Keywords: Transparency, Nonprofit sector, Nonprofit organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, Collection processes.
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Guardiola, Sánchez Inés. "Ejecución de las penas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403921.
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El objeto de mi estudio son las formas de suspensión y sustitución de la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad, medidas previstas y reguladas en el Capítulo III del Código Penal, en adelante CP, ex arts. 80 a 94 del mismo, así como los beneficios penitenciarios que pueden obtenerse a lo largo del cumplimiento de una pena privativa de libertad, esto es, las normas y leyes del Derecho Penitenciario.
Procuro dar una orientación desde el punto de vista del ejercicio de la abogacía y, especialmente, bajo el prisma del derecho de defensa, reconocido no sólo durante el procedimiento penal, sino también en la fase final de la condena mediante los beneficios que prevé la legislación penal y penitenciaria para el cumplimiento efectivo de las penas.
Coincidiendo con la realización del presente estudio, se ha llevado a cabo una profunda reforma del CP, en especial de su tercer capítulo, mediante la LO 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, que modifica la LO 10/1995, de 23 de noviembre, y que ocupará la mayor parte de mi investigación.
Esta reforma ha comportado cambios sustanciales del CP, ya que el transcurso del tiempo y las nuevas demandas sociales evidenciaban la necesidad de incluir determinadas modificaciones. Entre otras cosas, se introduce como novedad el supuesto de la prisión permanente revisable, pero además se modifican las reglas penológicas, el régimen de suspensión, sustitución, libertad condicional, antecedentes penales y comiso aplicado, novedades todas ellas que analizo detalladamente. Igualmente, la reforma cambia el modo de valorar el cumplimiento de la responsabilidad civil y la sustitución de la prisión por expulsión del territorio nacional, aspectos ambos que también se estudian en la presente tesis.
Todos estos cambios sustanciales en el CP me han obligado a reorientar todo el contenido de la investigación, que finalmente ha dado lugar a la presente tesis, que se ha estructurado en seis partes. La primera abarca los supuestos generales y especiales de suspensión; en la segunda analizo los beneficios de la sustitución de las penas privativas de libertad; la tercera lo es a razón del cumplimiento de las penas de prisión, a saber los beneficios penitenciarios y el régimen y tratamiento que prevé la ley penitenciaria; en la cuarta parte estudio la última etapa del cumplimiento de una pena privativa de libertad, a saber la libertad condicional; la quinta se centra en la libertad vigilada y, finalmente, la prisión permanente, contemplada en el nuevo CP, ocupa la última y sexta parte.
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Krejčová, Jitka. "Transparentní mechanismy fungování obecních samospráv: případová studie mikroregionu Příbram." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203927.
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The main aim of the diploma thesis is to demonstrate different views on transparency and on instruments of strengthening transparency. Using my own developed methodology of evaluation the transparency of municipalities based on criteria analysis the thesis seeks to find out an answer to the research question: How much are municipalities transparent by themselves in the publishing of information to citizens and how easy or difficult is it for citizens to control the administration of the municipality? The thesis is structured into four chapters. The first one deals with theoretical definition of transparency and its instruments, the second one with functioning of municipal government and its possible control mechanisms. The next chapter represents the developed methodology. It served to analyze and evaluate the transparency of the three monitored municipalities in the case study of the Pribram micro region, the last chapter. For processing the case study and followed analysis I used the open data accessible for public on the municipal web portals of Pribram, Dobris and Sedlcany.
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Carmona, Garias Silvia. "Democracia y gobierno abierto: una nueva cultura administrativa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671221.
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Les Administracions públiques requereixen dur a terme un procés de modernització constant per adaptar-se a les canviants necessitats ciutadanes. El model de democràcia representativa tradicional no és suficient al panorama actual, en què ciutadans reclamen un major protagonisme. El Dret comparat ens ofereix múltiples experiències innovadores, entre elles, la que ha irromput en l'escenari político-administratiu amb major força és el govern obert. Aquest paradigma suposa l'evolució lògica i coherent de la modernització administrativa en la societat de la informació, motiu pel qual aquesta investigació se centra en realitzar una aproximació conceptual del govern obert, després de revisar la profusa bibliografia especialitzada sobre la matèria, partint d'un marc teòric sobre la democràcia i la relectura de principis tradicionals a la llum dels temps contemporanis. Un cop evidenciada la necessitat d'incorporar al ciutadà en la presa de decisions públiques en un plànol d'igualtat amb els poders públics per l'existència de factors distorsionadors de la qualitat democràtica, l'estudi se centra en la participació ciutadana com factor regenerador de la confiança en el sistema, i després de constatar les seves limitacions, es proposa el govern obert com estratègia viable per posar-los remei, analitzant l'origen i evolució del concepte, els valors que promou, els seus beneficis, així com els riscos intrínsecs que comporta. A continuació, s'atén al que s'ha fet fins ara a Espanya que pugui subsumir-se en aquest paradigma, especialment en relació amb les noves tendències normatives en aquesta direcció, com la regulació de la transparència, i què més s'ha de fer per continuar avançant en aquesta línia, amb un abecedari incomplet de reformes derivades d'un estudi comparat de propostes i iniciatives posades en marxa en aquest marc des de l'àmbit tant nacional com internacional.Las Administraciones públicas requieren llevar a cabo un proceso modernizador constante para adaptarse a las cambiantes necesidades ciudadanas. El modelo de democracia representativa tradicional no es suficiente en el panorama actual, en el que los ciudadanos reclaman mayor protagonismo. El Derecho comparado nos ofrece múltiples experiencias innovadoras, entre ellas, la que ha irrumpido en el escenario político-administrativo con mayor fuerza es el gobierno abierto. Este paradigma supone la evolución lógica y coherente de la modernización administrativa en la sociedad de la información, motivo por el que la presente investigación se centra en realizar una aproximación conceptual del mismo, tras revisar la profusa bibliografía especializada sobre el tema, partiendo de un marco teórico sobre la democracia y la relectura de principios tradicionales del Derecho público a la luz de los tiempos contemporáneos. Una vez evidenciada la necesidad de incorporar al ciudadano en la toma de decisiones públicas en un plano de igualdad con los poderes públicos por la existencia de factores distorsionadores de la calidad democrática, el estudio se centra en la participación ciudadana como factor regenerador de la confianza en el sistema, y tras constatar sus limitaciones, se propone el gobierno abierto como estrategia viable para ponerles remedio, analizando el origen y evolución del concepto, los valores que promueve, sus beneficios, así como los riesgos inherentes que comporta. A continuación se atiende a qué se ha hecho hasta ahora en España que pueda subsumirse en este paradigma, especialmente en relación con las nuevas tendencias normativas en esta dirección como la regulación de la transparencia, y qué más se debe hacer para continuar avanzando en esa línea, en una suerte de abecedario incompleto de reformas derivadas de un estudio comparado de propuestas e iniciativas puestas en marcha en este marco a nivel tanto nacional como internacional.
Public Administrations need to develop a constant modernization process to adapt to the changing citizen needs. The model of traditional representative democracy is not enough in the current panorama, in which the citizens claim for more prominence. Comparative law offers us many innovative experiences, among them, the one that has broken out in the political-administrative scenario with greater force is the open government. This paradigm supposes the logical and coherent evolution of the administrative modernization in the information society, this is the reason why this research focuses on a conceptual approach of this concept, after reviewing the profuse specialized bibliography on the subject, starting from a theoretical frame about democracy, and from a re-reading of traditional principles of public law in the light of contemporary times. Once the need to incorporate the citizen in the public decision making in a level of equality has been evidenced, due to the existence of factors that distort the quality of the democracy, the study focuses on the public participation as a regenerating factor of the confidence in the system, and after establishing its limitations, open government is proposed as a viable strategy to solve them. This is the reason why the study includes an analysis of the origin and evolution of the concept, the values that it promotes, its benefits, as well as the inherent risks involved. Next, we look at what has been done so far in Spain that can be subsumed in this paradigm, especially about the new regulatory tendencies that move in the same direction, as the transparency law, and, finally, we discuss about what else must be done to continue advancing in that line, in a sort of incomplete alphabet of reforms derived from a comparative study of proposals and initiatives put in place in this framework at both national and international level.
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Lopes, Rita de Cássia Cassiano [UNESP]. "Acesso a dados financeiros da gestão da saúde pública: uma análise do sítio do Datasus." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/121978.
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A área da saúde pública brasileira possui problemas acerca da qualidade dos serviços prestados, muitas vezes por falta de investimento adequado, causando impacto direto nos programas criados pelo Ministério da Saúde para a promoção da saúde. Informações sobre atos governamentais, antes indisponíveis, hoje são disponibilizadas nos sítios do Governo Federal, com o objetivo de aumentar a transparência da gestão pública, permitindo que o cidadão acompanhe como o dinheiro público está sendo utilizado e ajude a fiscalizar. Profissionais da área da saúde são atores essenciais na fiscalização desses atos, pois são potenciais integrantes dos Conselhos de Saúde, órgãos responsáveis por essas fiscalizações. Informações sobre repasses financeiros advindos do Governo Federal são cruciais para a efetiva fiscalização. Por meio de uma observação realizada com futuros profissionais da saúde, esta pesquisa apresenta resultados sobre a percepção desses usuários, no processo de acesso a este tipo de dado. A metodologia foi de caráter exploratório quantitativo, com a utilização de questionários e as respostas graduadas pela Escala de Likert. O acesso aos dados foram feitos por meio do sítio do Datasus. O resultado da pesquisa demonstrou que há grande dificuldade no processo de acesso aos dados nos sítios governamentais e a ocorrência de algumas páginas indisponíveis inviabilizou algumas consultas. Concluiu-se que foram feridos princípios propostos pelo Movimento de Dado Aberto e na amostragem foi identificado o desconhecimento dos profissionais da área da saúde sobre as formas de como os repasses são feitos e identificadas as dificuldades para acessar as informações no Portal da Saúde.
The area of the Brazilian public health problems have on quality of services, often for lack of adequate investment, causing a direct impact on programs created by the Ministry of Health to promote health. Information on government actions, previously unavailable, are now available on the websites of the Federal Government, with the aim of increasing the transparency of public management, allowing citizens to track how public money is being used and help supervise. Health professionals are essential actors in the supervision of such acts as are potential members of Health Councils, agencies responsible for these inspections. Information arising from financial transfers from the Federal Government are crucial for effective supervision. Through an observation made with future health professionals, this study presents results on the perception of these users, the access to this type of process data. The quantitative methodology was exploratory, with the use of questionnaires and graded responses for Likert Scale. Access to the data were made through the site Datasus. The research result showed that there is great difficulty in accessing data on government sites and process the occurrence of some pages unavailable prevented some queries. Who were injured it was concluded principles proposed by the Open Data Movement and sampling the lack of health professionals on ways of how the transfers are made and identified the difficulties to access information on the Health Portal was identified.
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Lopes, Rita de Cássia Cassiano. "Acesso a dados financeiros da gestão da saúde pública : uma análise do sítio do Datasus /." Marília, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/121978.
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Orientador: Ricardo César Gonçalves Sant'AnaResumo: A área da saúde pública brasileira possui problemas acerca da qualidade dos serviços prestados, muitas vezes por falta de investimento adequado, causando impacto direto nos programas criados pelo Ministério da Saúde para a promoção da saúde. Informações sobre atos governamentais, antes indisponíveis, hoje são disponibilizadas nos sítios do Governo Federal, com o objetivo de aumentar a transparência da gestão pública, permitindo que o cidadão acompanhe como o dinheiro público está sendo utilizado e ajude a fiscalizar. Profissionais da área da saúde são atores essenciais na fiscalização desses atos, pois são potenciais integrantes dos Conselhos de Saúde, órgãos responsáveis por essas fiscalizações. Informações sobre repasses financeiros advindos do Governo Federal são cruciais para a efetiva fiscalização. Por meio de uma observação realizada com futuros profissionais da saúde, esta pesquisa apresenta resultados sobre a percepção desses usuários, no processo de acesso a este tipo de dado. A metodologia foi de caráter exploratório quantitativo, com a utilização de questionários e as respostas graduadas pela Escala de Likert. O acesso aos dados foram feitos por meio do sítio do Datasus. O resultado da pesquisa demonstrou que há grande dificuldade no processo de acesso aos dados nos sítios governamentais e a ocorrência de algumas páginas indisponíveis inviabilizou algumas consultas. Concluiu-se que foram feridos princípios propostos pelo Movimento de Dado Aberto e na amostragem foi identificado o desconhecimento dos profissionais da área da saúde sobre as formas de como os repasses são feitos e identificadas as dificuldades para acessar as informações no Portal da Saúde.
Abstract: The area of the Brazilian public health problems have on quality of services, often for lack of adequate investment, causing a direct impact on programs created by the Ministry of Health to promote health. Information on government actions, previously unavailable, are now available on the websites of the Federal Government, with the aim of increasing the transparency of public management, allowing citizens to track how public money is being used and help supervise. Health professionals are essential actors in the supervision of such acts as are potential members of Health Councils, agencies responsible for these inspections. Information arising from financial transfers from the Federal Government are crucial for effective supervision. Through an observation made with future health professionals, this study presents results on the perception of these users, the access to this type of process data. The quantitative methodology was exploratory, with the use of questionnaires and graded responses for Likert Scale. Access to the data were made through the site Datasus. The research result showed that there is great difficulty in accessing data on government sites and process the occurrence of some pages unavailable prevented some queries. Who were injured it was concluded principles proposed by the Open Data Movement and sampling the lack of health professionals on ways of how the transfers are made and identified the difficulties to access information on the Health Portal was identified.
Mestre
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Nedvigo, Maria. "Att skapa förtroende genom transparens : Hållbarhetsutveckling utifrån den svenska statens och de statliga bolagens perspektiv." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30615.
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Inledning. Stora klimatförändringar och ekonomiska kriser har allt tydligare börjat peka mot att det behövs ett nytt hållbart tankesätt i hur vi lever, driver företag och vad vi lämnar efter oss till nästa generation. I Sverige har framförallt miljödebatten tillsammans med ett förändrat samhällsklimat skiftat synen på långsiktighet, till att idag utgöra en viktig del i de flesta företags långsiktiga strategier. Emellertid har tidigare forskning visat att utan en statlig hänsyn kommer de mer avancerade utmaningar som företagen ställs inför att förbli underutvecklade. Den svenska staten som är en betydlig företagsägare har sökt hålla sig i framkant genom att tidigt främja sådant arbete inom sina företag. 2008 infördes en obligatorisk redovisning av hållbarhetsansvar förstatliga bolag enligt en internationell standard, -GRI. Ett av syftena med detta var även att främja transparens i de statliga bolagens arbete med hållbarhet samt en transparent redovisning av detta arbete. Enligt den tidigare forskningen är transparens ett vitalt villkor för hållbarhetsarbete och utgör ett krav för de statliga bolagen. Syfte. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vilken betydelse kravet på transparens har för utvecklingen av hållbarhetsarbetet i de statligt ägda bolagen samt hur väl bolagens och statens uppfattning av begreppet transparens stämmer överens. Metod. Det är en kvalitativ flerfallstudie som baserar sig på sex djupa intervjuer, varav fem av dem avser de statliga bolagen och en intervju med näringsdepartement. Även en genomgång avde års-och hållbarhetsredovisningar som är tillgängliga på bolagens hemsidor har gjorts för att se hur redovisning av hållbarhetsansvaret har förändrats under åren. Slutsatser. Transparens är en av grundpelarna i allt hållbarhetsarbete. Transparens innebär att vara öppna och ärliga, redovisa sina resultat oavsett utfall, samt våga tala om sina risker och hur dessa hanteras. Uppfattningen som den svenska staten och de statliga bolagen har angående transparens och dess betydelse för hållbarhetsarbete stämmer till en hög grad överens och skiljer sig mest i den rollen som GRI:sriktlinjer spelar för transparens kvalité. Genom ett krav på extern granskning och en obligatorisk redovisning enligt GRI, ägardialoger samt statens egna hållbarhetsanalyser, säkerställer den svenska staten en god och jämn nivå på transparent hållbarhetsarbete hos de statliga bolagen. Tack vare GRI:s G4 fokus på väsentlighet och dialog med intressenter, säkerställer en robust transparens förtroendet för företagen och utgör ramen för en bra hållbarhetsredovisning. Det finns dock en del svårigheter med transparens och GRI, förknippade till delvis bristfälliga indikatorer samt avsaknaden av utarbetad praxis och rutiner för hållbarhetsredovisning enligt GRI.Background. Big climate change and economical crises have ever more clearly showed the need for a new sustainable way of thinking, on how we live our lives, run our companies and what we leave for the next generation. In Sweden the environmental debate has combined with a changed social atmosphere shifted public opinion in sustainability, to what is today an integral part inthe long term strategy of most companies. However, earlier research has shown that without government consideration, the more advanced challenges will remain unanswered. The Swedish government is a major shareholder and owner of several companies and has sought to remain in the advantaged by favoring that kind of work within there companies. In 2008 a law was passed which made obligatory thesustainability reporting inaccordanceto a international framework, -GRI. One of the primary purposes of this was toenforce transparency in the sustainability work of government owned companies and a transparent accountingof that work. According to theearlier research, transparency is a vital part of sustainability work and constitutes an absolute condition on the government owned companies. Purpose. The purpose of this thesis is to research what meaning the term transparency has for the development the sustainability work in governmentally owned companies as well as how well the interpretation of the term transparency correlate with that of the government. Methodology. This is a qualitative case study, based on six in depth interviews, five of whichare regarding government owned companies and one is with the ministry of enterprise and innovation. A study of the financial statements and sustainability reporting available on the company webpages has been made to determine how this sustainability reporting has changed over time. Conclusions. Transparency constitutes part of the foundation in all sustainability work.Transparency means to be open and honest, to report your results no matter the outcome, and to dare talk about risks and how they are managed. The perception that the Swedish government and state owned companies have regarding transparency and its importance for the sustainability work is in the same line and differ mostly in what role the GRI plays for transparency. Through the condition of external audit, a mandatory reporting in accordance to GRI, owners dialogue, and the governments own sustainability-analysis, ensures a high sustained level of transparent sustainability-work of the governmentally owned companies. Because of the focus of GRI:s G4 on the essential elements and dialogue with stakeholders, transparency create trust in the governmentally owned companies, and constitutes the framework for a good level of sustainability-reporting. There are however a few difficulties with transparency and GRI, associated with flawed indicators or the lack of a working precedence and any set of routine for sustainable reporting according to GRI.
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Corrêa, Andreiwid Sheffer. "Uma arquitetura de referência colaborativa para estruturação de dados abertos governamentais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-28062017-101825/.
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O grande número de websites heterogêneos e sem padronização para divulgar informações sobre transparência pública é uma evidência do despreparo das instituições públicas frente ao movimento denominado Open Government Data ou Dados Abertos Governamentais. Este cenário é encontrado no mundo todo, porém com evidência nas instituições onde os princípios de dados abertos ainda são novidade, sobretudo os governos locais. Esta pesquisa objetiva definir uma arquitetura de referência para estruturação de dados a partir dos repositórios distribuídos caracterizados pelos websites de transparência. Os requisitos de qualidade da arquitetura foram identificados a partir dos problemas de disponibilização de dados em uma amostra de 561 websites mantidos por municípios brasileiros. Uma vez definida, a arquitetura passou por um processo de validação para verificar sua viabilidade e seu potencial de utilidade pela percepção dos usuários externos ao seu desenvolvimento e por meio da implementação em um protótipo de software. Com a arquitetura, e seu aspecto colaborativo envolvido, será possível implementar sistemas de software que disponibilizam ferramentas aos usuários para facilmente abrir os dados de qualquer instituição que utilize a internet para disseminar informações de transparência.The large number of heterogeneous and non-standardized websites to disseminate information about public transparency is an evidence of the lack of preparation of public institutions in relation to the Open Government Data movement. This scenario is found all over the world, but with more frequency in institutions where open data principles are still new, especially local governments. This research aims to define a reference architecture for structuring data from distributed repositories characterized by transparency websites. The quality requirements of the architecture were identified from the problems of data availability in a sample of 561 websites maintained by Brazilian municipalities. Once defined, the architecture underwent a validation process to verify its viability and its potential of utility by the perception of external users to its development and by the implementation of a software prototype. With the architecture, and its collaborative aspect involved, it will be possible to implement software systems that provide users with tools to easily open data from any institution that uses the internet to disseminate transparency information. Keywords: Transparency. Open Government Data. OGD. Software architecture.
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Kök-Kalaycı, İrem. "Politics of transparency : contested spaces of corporate responsibility, science and regulation in shale gas projects of the UK and the US." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:79f34c61-709d-44f1-ae1c-c298cd4cb07c.
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This thesis presents a political geography of transparency, regulation and resource making in shale gas projects in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US). The emergence of shale gas as a politically and economically desirable resource occupied national political aspirations, most notably in the US and to some extent in the UK, for reasons of energy security and economic development. Although shale gas has become a globally desirable resource, this thesis shows that the resource is not same everywhere. Following knowledge making practices in distinct regulatory regimes of the UK and the US, I trace how making of shale gas resource is subjected to contestation in a range of technical fields, such as law, economics, geosciences and environmental impact assessment. The study is based on in-depth analysis of technical and policy documents, and interviews with a wide range of actors (i.e. regulators, gas companies, investors, scientists, landowners), and field visits in the US (New York, Pennsylvania and Texas) and the UK (Lancashire, Litchfield and London). Drawing on theoretical insights from the Science and Technology Studies (STS), legal and resource geographies, I empirically showed that both regulatory practices and resource materialities matter in encapsulating making of shale gas projects in different national contexts. Documenting how information production and its contestation is entangled with assemblages of materials and technologies, as well as regulatory, geoscientific and market interventions in the context of the UK and the US, this thesis offers an alternative account of the geography of transparency and regulation regarding the development of shale gas policies. The political viability of shale projects depends on how these informational spaces are generated, contested and transformed in nationally specific scientific practices and regulatory regimes.
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Eckert, Christoph. "Transparenz im Gesetzgebungsprozess : das Prinzip der Öffentlichkeit staatslenkender Entscheidungen zwischen Anspruch der Rechtsordnung und Realität /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/386652813.pdf.
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Kasi, Sizukisa Bridget. "Towards identifying how knowledge management concepts may be applied to enhance the tendering process in South African public sector institutions." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007741.
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The state of the Tendering Process in South African Government Institutions has become an area of concern in recent years with issues related to transparency, governance and rigid retrospective procedures being cited as impediments to efficiency. In tum, Knowledge Management (KM) and its ability to be applied to all types of organisations to increase efficiency has been popularised extensively. An analysis of KM literature suggested that the principles of KM may be used to increase efficiency and create competitive advantage. This study attempted to identify whether the benefits gained by other organisations through the application of Knowledge Management principles, could be applied to the Tendering Process in South African Government Institutions. The study sought to identify how Knowledge Value Chain by Wang and Ahmed (2005) may be leveraged to create an enhanced Tendering Process. The study then reviewed the Tendering Processes conducted in Australia, United States of America, Malaysia and South Africa and sought to identify the common steps in a tendering process in order to construct a standard tendering process. The Knowledge Value Chain was then applied to this process to create a standard tendering process enhanced by Knowledge Management Principles. The model was compared to the processes currently conducted in two Government institutions and two parastals. The findings indicated that the model is well suited for Government Organisations and would assist in the creation of greater transparency, however the practical implementation of the model is yet unlikely as the model suggest electronic access to information, and the process in South African Government Institutions is predominately paper-based.
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Mafra, Guilherme Maciel, and Neto Orion Augusto Platt. "La disponibilidad de Internet para los Estados Financieros en los Municipios de la Región de Gran Florianópolis durante 2000-2013." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114840.
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Brazilian municipalities are required to prepare and publish financial statements and make them available to everyone through electronic media. Therefore, the objective of this research is to verify whether the municipalities of Greater Florianopolis Region published their financial statements (2000-2013) on internet, these reports were prepared in compliance with Act 4,320/1964 and the Fiscal Responsibility Law (FRL). Checklists were developed to organize the financial statements in the official websites of 22 municipalities. According to the research crite- ria, there was a low level of availability of balance sheets (Act 4,320/1964) and financial statements of the Fiscal Management Report (RGF) and the Summary Report of Budget Execution (RREO). The absence of balance sheets publications was 86.36%, 92.21% for RGF’s financial statements, and 92.86% for the RREO’s financial statements. More than half of the analyzed municipalities did not issued any financial statements on the Internet.Los municipios brasileños están obligados a preparar y publicar estados financieros y ponerlos a disposición del público a través de los medios electrónicos. Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo comprobar si se publican en Internet los estados financieros elaborados por los municipios de la Región Gran Florianópolis, según la Ley 4.320/1964 y la Ley de Responsabilidad Fiscal (LRF) para los años 2000-2013. Se desarrollaron listas de verificación para organizar los esta- dos financieros en las páginas web de los 22 municipios. Según el criterio de evaluación, hubo una baja disponibilidad en Internet del balance financiero de la Ley 4.320/1964, de los estados financieros del Informe de Gestión Fiscal (RGF) y del Informe del Análisis de Ejecución Presupuestaria (RREO). La ausencia de publicaciones de balances financieros fue 86,36%, 92.21% de los estados financieros del RGF, y 92,86% para los estados financieros del RREO. Más de la mitad de los municipios analizados no publicó ningún estado financiero en Internet.
Os municípios brasileiros são obrigados a elaborar e a publicar demonstrativos contábeis e disponibilizálos em meios eletrônicos de acesso público. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é verificar se estão publicados na internet os demonstrativos contábeis elaborados pelos municípios da Região da Grande Florianópolis em atendi- mento à Lei n.º 4.320/1964 e à Lei de esponsabilidade Fiscal (LRF), referentes aos anos de 2000 a 2013. Foram elaborados checklists para organizar a observação dos demonstrativos contábeis nos sítios eletrônicos oficiais dos 22 municípios. Constatou-se um baixo nível de disponibilização na internet tanto para os balanços da Lei n.º 4.320/1964 quanto para os demonstrativos do Relatório de Gestão Fiscal (RGF) e do Relatório Resumido de Exe- cução Orçamentária (RREO), conforme o critério da pesquisa. A ausência das publicações foi de 86,36% para os balanços da Lei n.º 4.320/1964, de 92,21% para os demonstrativos do RGF, e de 92,86% para os demonstrativosdo RREO. Mais da metade dos municípios analisados não publicou demonstrativos na internet.