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Academic literature on the topic 'Transport de voyageurs – Modèles mathématiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Transport de voyageurs – Modèles mathématiques"
Duchemin, Marc, Marius Lachance, Guy Morin, and Robert Lagacé. "Approche géomatique pour simuler l'érosion hydrique et le transport des sédiments à l'échelle des petits bassins versants." Water Quality Research Journal 36, no. 3 (2001): 435–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.026.
Full textBanton, O., P. Lafrance, and J. P. Villeneuve. "Délimitation des périmètres de protection des puits de pompage en zone agricole à l'aide de la simulation mathématique." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5, no. 2 (2005): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705129ar.
Full textAchite, M., and M. Meddi. "Variabilité spatio-temporelle des apports liquide et solide en zone semi-aride. Cas du bassin versant de l'oued Mina (nord-ouest algérien)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 18 (April 12, 2005): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705575ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Transport de voyageurs – Modèles mathématiques"
Cabanne, Isabelle. "Modélisation à long terme de l'évolution des trafics voyageurs à longue distance en France." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/cabanne_i.
Full textThis thesis models long distance traffic in France, by rail, plane and motorway, at a national level, with macro-economic time series models. Time series models are based on dynamic information and thus enable to show long term links between traffic variations and explanatory factors variations. However time series models also have some drawbacks. Direct demand models are often used and miss the generation / modal share logic. Only a few variables can be used and these variables are highly aggregated. A certain amount of average national train speed may correspond to different time travel structures and thus to different impacts on rail traffic. In the models that we fit, we use a rail speed indicator that takes travel times structure and thresholds in air / plane competition into account. Besides, we test different model structures, both direct demand and generation and modal split. This thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 presents the data available and describes past traffic variations. Chapter 2 focuses on long distance travel main explanatory factors. The various methods for long distance travel modelling are analysed in chapter 3. In chapter 4, we produce and analyse different model forms
Othman, Amine. "Simulation multi-agent de l’information des voyageurs dans les transports en commun." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1059/document.
Full textTitle: Multiagent simulation of traveler information on transit networks.Abstract:With the generalization of real-time traveler information, the behavior of modern transport networks becomes harder to analyze and to predict. Advanced traveler Information systems play a major role in modern transportation system, mainly in case of disturbances, and the information is becoming more personalized and individual. Different phenomena such as over-saturation, concentration and over-reaction can be observed after the use of advanced traveler information systems. In fact, without control, the massive spread of information via billboards, radio announcements and individual guidance may have perverse effects and create new traffic jams. It is now critical to develop simulation tools for mobility policies makers, taking into account this new information environment to observe these effects and to consider the proper methods to deal with them.In this PHD work, we propose a multiagent simulation to measure the impact of information provision on the quality of passengers’ travels, notably in case of disturbances, taking into account a heterogeneous information environment. First, we design and implement a simulation to ensure travelers movement in a transit network. Then, we enrich our model to integrate traveler information system and to represent travelers equipped with smart phones. It allows us to evaluate separately personal and general information. To this end, we use the multi-agent paradigm, which is proven to be a powerful model to design and implement transportation applications. To deal with the integration of the traveler information system in the simulator, we adopt an environment-centered approach, where the space-time multiagent environment is the privileged interlocutor of the agents and represent the evolution of the transit network state over time.To test our simulator in a real context, we use real data on the city of Toulouse, France. To assess the impact of information provision, we simulate different scenarios in function of the percentage of connected travelers, represented as agents. These simulated scenarios are analyzed following their impact on the average travel times of the travelers (connected and no-connected). Results show that the number of connected travelers has a positive impact on overall travel times up until a certain threshold before becoming relatively negative
Feillet, Dominique. "Problèmes de tournées avec gains : étude et application au transport inter-usines." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0705.
Full textHerrgott, David. "Modélisation et mise en perspective de la diversité du fonctionnement des transports ferroviaires conventionnés de voyageurs." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH011.
Full textThe current government’s legislation to restructure the rail sector defines the national rail system as a complex system composed of “all the human and material means implemented on the national rail network in order to ensure the management and delivery of transport services using it”. Within this framework, this thesis attempts to analyze in a necessarily interdisciplinary perspective the relationship between the different components of the rail system, in order to make it intelligible. It aims to contribute to understanding the railway system and its current issues, by completing this empirical based approach to modeling the public service obligations, which represent most of the traffic and publics funds on the French rail network
Theissing, Simon. "Supervision en transport multimodal." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN076/document.
Full textWithout any doubt, modern multimodal transportation systems are vital to the ecological sustainability and the economic prosperity of urban agglomerations, and in doing so to the quality of life of their many inhabitants. Moreover it is known that a well-functioning interoperability of the different modes and lines in such networked systems is key to their acceptance given the fact that (i) many if not most trips between different origin/destination pairs require transfers, and (ii) costly infrastructure investments targeting the creation of more direct links through the construction of new or the extension of existing lines are not open to debate. Thus, a better understanding of how the different modes and lines in these systems interact through passenger transfers is of utmost importance. However, acquiring this understanding is particularly tricky in degraded situations where some or all transportation services cannot be provided as planned due to e.g. some passenger incident, and/or where the demand for these scheduled services deviates from any statistical long term-plannings. Here, the development for and integration of sophisticated mathematical models into the operation of such systems may provide remedy, where model-predictive supervision seems to be one very promising area of application which we consider here. Model-predictive supervision can take several forms. In this work, we focus on the model-based impact analysis of different actions, such as the delayed departure of some vehicle from a stop, applied to the operation of the considered transportation system upon some downgrading situation occurs which lacks statistical data. For this purpose, we introduce a new stochastic hybrid automaton model, and show how this mathematically profound model can be used to forecast the passenger numbers in and the vehicle operational state of this transportation system starting from estimations of all passenger numbers and an exact knowledge of the vehicle operational state at the time of the incident occurrence. Our new automaton model brings under the same roof, all passengers who demand fixed-route transportation services, and all vehicles which provide them. It explicitly accounts for all capacity-limits and the fact that passengers do not necessarily follow efficient paths which must be mapped to some simple to understand cost function. Instead, every passenger has a trip profile which defines a fixed route in the infrastructure of the transportation system, and a preference for the different transportation services along this route. Moreover, our model does not abstract away from all vehicle movements but explicitly includes them in its dynamics, which latter property is crucial to the impact analysis of any vehicle movement-related action. In addition our model accounts for uncertainty; resulting from unknown initial passenger numbers and unknown passenger arrival flows. Compared to classical modelling approaches for hybrid automata, our Petri net-styled approach does not require the end user to specify our model's many differential equations systems by hand. Instead, all these systems can be derived from the model's predominantly graphical specification in a fully automated manner for the discrete time computation of any forecast. This latter property of our model in turn reduces the risk of man-made specification and thus forecasting errors. Besides introducing our new model, we also develop in this report some algorithmic bricks which target two major bottlenecks which are likely to occur during its forecast-producing simulation, namely the numerical integration of the many high-dimensional systems of stochastic differential equations and the combinatorial explosion of its discrete state. Moreover, we proof the computational feasibility and show the prospective benefits of our approach in form of some simplistic test- and some more realistic use case
Cissé, Ismaëlh Ahmed. "Trafic aérien de passagers au Canada : une analyse exploratoire du modèle origine-destination de Transports Canada pour le marché intérieur." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25411.
Full textLalancette, Simon. "Analyse coût-bénéfice en équilibre partiel : une étude exploratoire du projet de train à haute vitesse entre Québec et Windsor." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25241.
Full textBernatchez, Nicolas. "Analyse désagrégée des déterminants de la demande de transport en commun dans la région de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26671.
Full textChandakas, Ektoras. "Modelling congestion in passenger transit networks." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1011/document.
Full textA structural model is provided to capture capacity phenomena in passenger traffic assignment to a transit network. That has been founded on a bi-layer representation of the transit network : on the lower layer the model addresses each network sub-system (line, station and access-egress) separately, on the basis of specific capacity effects ; on the upper layer a leg-based representation is used with respect to the sub-systems' costs and operating characteristics to address the trip maker's path choices. We establish a novel framework for modelling capacity effects and develop the CapTA network model (for Capacitated Transit Assignment). It is systemic and modular and addresses in particular the following capacity phenomena, the in-vehicle quality of service is linked to the comfort of the passengers on-board. The occupation of heterogeneous comfort states (seats, folding seats and standing at different passenger densities) influences the perceived arduousness of the travel ; the vehicle capacity at boarding influences the waiting time of the passengers and their distribution to the transit services ; the track infrastructure capacity relates the dwelling time of the vehicles (and by extent the alighting and boarding flows) with the performance of the transit services and their service frequency. These phenomena are dealt with by line of operations on the basis of a set of local models yielding specific flows and costs. Accordingly, they modify the local conditions of a transit trip for each individual passenger. However, these should be addressed within the transit network in order to capture their effect on the network path choices; essentially the economic trade-offs that influence the choice between different network itineraries. Their treatment in a network level assures the coherence of the path choice. Equivalently, a station sub-model addresses specific capacity constraints and yields the local walking conditions, sensible to the interaction of the passengers in the interior of a station : the instant bottleneck created at the entry of the circulation elements delays the evacuation of the station platforms; the passenger density and presence of heterogeneous passenger flows slows down the passengers who circulate in the station; and the presence of real-time information influences the decision making process of the transit users exposed to. These effects do not only impact locally the in-station path choice, but most notably they modify the choices of transit routes and itineraries on a network level. The Paris Metropolitan Region provides an ideal application field of the capacity constrained transit assignment model. It is mainly used as a showcase of the simulation capabilities and of the finesse of the modelling approach. The transit network involves 1 500 bus routes together with 260 trains routes that include 14 metro lines and 4 light rail lines. Traffic assignment at the morning peak hour is characterized by heavy passenger loads along the central parts of the railway lines. Increased train dwelling, due to boarding and alighting flows, and reduction in the service frequency impact the route and the line capacity. The generalized time of a transit trip is impacted mainly though its in-vehicle comfort component. Detailed results have been provided for the RER A, the busiest commuter rail line in the transit network
Rizk, Carl. "Contribution to the evaluation and optimization of passengers' screening at airports." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0121.
Full textSecurity threats have emerged in the past decades as a more and more critical issue for Air Transportation which has been one of the main ressource for globalization of economy. Reinforced control measures based on pluridisciplinary research and new technologies have been implemented at airports as a reaction to different terrorist attacks. From the scientific perspective, the efficient screening of passengers at airports remain a challenge and the main objective of this thesis is to open new lines of research in this field by developing advanced approaches using the resources of Computer Science. First this thesis introduces the main concepts and definitions of airport security and gives an overview of the passenger terminal control systems and more specifically the screening inspection positions are identified and described. A logical model of the departure control system for passengers at an airport is proposed. This model is transcribed into a graphical view (Controlled Satisfiability Graph-CSG) which allows to test the screening system with different attack scenarios. Then a probabilistic approach for the evaluation of the control system of passenger flows at departure is developped leading to the introduction of Bayesian Colored Petri nets (BCPN). Finally an optimization approach is adopted to organize the flow of passengers at departure as best as possible given the probabilistic performance of the elements composing the control system. After the establishment of a global evaluation model based on an undifferentiated serial processing of passengers, is analyzed a two-stage control structure which highlights the interest of pre-filtering and organizing the passengers into separate groups. The conclusion of this study points out for the continuation of this theme
Books on the topic "Transport de voyageurs – Modèles mathématiques"
Labbé, Martine. Operations research and decision aid methodologies in traffic and transportation management. Springer, 1998.
Transport of pesticides from watershed by volatilization, infiltration and runoff (models and applications). Environmental Research & Publications, 1996.
Tosun, Ismail. Modeling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach. Elsevier Science, 2007.
Transport, European Commission Directorate-General, ed. Trenen II STRAN: Policy analysis for externalities in road transport : models and results. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999.
Lattice Boltzmann Modeling: An Introduction for Geoscientists and Engineers. Springer, 2005.