Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transportation of convicts

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Academic literature on the topic 'Transportation of convicts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Transportation of convicts"

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Anderson, Clare. "Convicts, Commodities, and Connections in British Asia and the Indian Ocean, 1789–1866." International Review of Social History 64, S27 (March 26, 2019): 205–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000129.

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AbstractThis article explores the transportation of Indian convicts to the port cities of the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean during the period 1789 to 1866. It considers the relationship between East India Company transportation and earlier and concurrent British Crown transportation to the Americas and Australia. It is concerned in particular with the interconnection between convictism and enslavement in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean worlds. Examining the roots of transportation in South Asia in the repressive policies of the East India Company, especially in relation to its occupation of land and expropriation of resources, it moves on to discuss aspects of convicts’ lives in Moulmein, Singapore, Mauritius, and Aden. This includes their labour regime and their relationship to other workers. It argues that Indian convict transportation was part of a carceral circuit of repression and coerced labour extraction that was intertwined with the expansion of East India Company governance and trade. The Company used transportation as a means of removing resistant subjects from their homes, and of supplying an unfree labour force to develop commodity exports and to build the infrastructure necessary for the establishment, population, and connection of littoral nodes. However, the close confinement and association of convicts during transportation rendered the punishment a vector for the development of transregional political solidarities, centred in and around the Company's port cities.
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Devereaux, Simon. "Irish Convict Transportation and the Reach of the State in Late Hanoverian Britain." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 8, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031117ar.

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Abstract The difficulties encountered by English authorities in resuming the regular and effective transportation of convicts overseas between the loss of the original American destination in 1775 and the opening of a penal settlement in New South Wales in 1787 are well known to historians of criminal justice. Far less so is the contemporaneous convict crisis in Ireland. This article considers the practice of convict transportation from Ireland throughout the eighteenth century. In particular, it examines a series of three dramatic incidents of the late 1780s in which Irish convicts were unscrupulously (though not illegally) abandoned in Cape Breton, Newfoundland and the Leeward Islands. It argues, first, that such practices were not entirely surprising given the great difficulties that had often been experienced in transporting convicts from Ireland even before 1775. It goes on to suggest that the subsequent decision of authorities in London to assume a directive role in the transportation of Irish convicts was informed by changing perceptions of the British state in both its national and imperial dimensions.
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Grubb, Farley. "The Transatlantic Market for British Convict Labor." Journal of Economic History 60, no. 1 (March 2000): 94–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700024669.

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Convicts account for at least one-quarter of British migration to mid-eighteenth-century America. Their transportation to and disposal in America was essentially an experiment in privatizing post-trial criminal justice. A model of this trade is developed that yields testable implications regarding the relative distributional moments of convict auction prices, the size of shipper profits, and how convicts were selected for transportation.
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Swiegers, M., and A. Wessels. "Colonial Britain's Convict Labour Policies and the Cape Colony, 1806-1899." Historia 67, no. 2 (November 2022): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-8392/2022/v67n2a1.

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This article evaluates how convict labour alleviated labour shortages experienced in the Cape Colony from 1806 to 1899. It explores and evaluates Britain's significant impact on labour policies followed in the Cape Colony and focuses on the imperial government's role in developing legislation and procedures regarding management and transportation of convicts. It also considers the influence of nineteenth century policies of convict control in Britain, and the application of these policies and labour regimes in the Cape Colony. The article describes convict transportation, anti-convict agitation by Cape colonists and the economic significance of convict labour and public works projects. Finally, the convict lease system - the practice of hiring convicts to mines and to farmers - and Cape labour legislation's role in increasing the convict labour force through criminal sanctions will be examined.
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Южанин, Вячеслав Ефимович, and Дмитрий Владимирович Горбань. "Problematic issues of implementation of the institute of transportation of prisoners without escort or accompaniment outside the correctional institutions and ways of their solution." Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta, no. 1(38) (March 21, 2019): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53993/2078-3914/2019/1(38)/102-110.

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В статье предпринимается попытка комплексного анализа правового института передвижения осужденных за пределами исправительного учреждения без конвоя. Рассмотрены три основания для предоставления осужденным возможности бесконвойного передвижения: производственная необходимость; отбытие определенной части наказания в данном исправительном учреждении; положительная характеристика осужденного. Исходя из анализа оснований предоставления осужденным передвижения без конвоя предложены изменения в уголовно-исполнительное законодательство, направленные на совершенствование изучаемого правового института. The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of the legal institution of movement of convicts outside the correctional institution without escort. Considered three grounds for granting the convicted the opportunity movement without convoy: the need for production; the departure of a certain part of the sentence in this correctional institution; a positive characteristic of the convict. Based on the analysis of the grounds for convicts to travel without convoy proposed changes to the criminal code aimed at improving the studied legal institution.
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De Vito, Christian G., Clare Anderson, and Ulbe Bosma. "Transportation, Deportation and Exile: Perspectives from the Colonies in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." International Review of Social History 63, S26 (June 12, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859018000196.

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AbstractThe essays in this volume provide a new perspective on the history of convicts and penal colonies. They demonstrate that the nineteenth and twentieth centuries were a critical period in the reconfiguration of empires, imperial governmentality, and punishment, including through extensive punitive relocation and associated extractive labour. Ranging across the global contexts of Africa, Asia, Australasia, Japan, the Americas, the Pacific, Russia, and Europe, and exploring issues of criminalization, political repression, and convict management alongside those of race, gender, space, and circulation, this collection offers a perspective from the colonies that radically transforms accepted narratives of the history of empire and the history of punishment. In this introduction, we argue that a colony-centred perspective reveals that, during a critical period in world history, convicts and penal colonies created new spatial hierarchies, enabled the incorporation of territories into spheres of imperial influence, and forged new connections and distinctions between “metropoles” and “colonies”. Convicts and penal colonies enabled the formation of expansive and networked global configurations and processes, a factor hitherto unappreciated in the literature.
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Kercher, Bruce. "Perish or Prosper: The Law and Convict Transportation in the British Empire, 1700–1850." Law and History Review 21, no. 3 (2003): 527–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3595119.

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For over 150 years from the early eighteenth century, convict transportation was a primary method of punishing serious crime in Britain and Ireland. Convicts were first sent to the colonies in North America and the Caribbean and then to three newly established Australian colonies on the other side of the world. Conditions were very different between the two locations, yet the fundamental law of transportation remained the same for decades after the process began in Australia.
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Morgan, Kenneth. "Convict Runaways in Maryland, 1745–1775." Journal of American Studies 23, no. 2 (August 1989): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800003765.

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That the newspaper press in the eighteenth-century Chesapeake colonies was chock-full of advertisements for runaway convicts is a clear indication of the significance of transportation to America in that period. The existence of convicts in Virginia and Maryland stemmed from the provisions of the Transportation Act passed by the British parliament in 1718. This stated that felons found guilty of non-capital crimes against property could be transported to America for seven years while the smaller number of criminals convicted on capital charges could have their death sentence commuted to banishment for either fourteen years or life. Between 1718 and 1775, when the traffic ended with the approach of war, more than 90 percent of the 50,000 convicts shipped across the Atlantic from the British Isles were sold by contractors to settlers in the Chesapeake, where there was a continuous demand for cheap, white, bonded labour. Though many convicts were people who had resorted to petty, theft in hard times rather than habitual criminals, they were often viewed with jaundiced eyes in the Chesapeake as purveyors of crime, disease and corruption. They also had to endure, along with slaves and indentured servants, the everyday reality of lower-class life in colonial America: the exploitation of unfree labour. It is therefore not surprising that many convicts, like other dependent labourers, tried to free themselves from bondage by escaping from their owners.
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Anderson, Clare. "The Andaman Islands Penal Colony: Race, Class, Criminality, and the British Empire." International Review of Social History 63, S26 (June 14, 2018): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859018000202.

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ABSTRACTThis article explores the British Empire’s configuration of imprisonment and transportation in the Andaman Islands penal colony. It shows that British governance in the Islands produced new modes of carcerality and coerced migration in which the relocation of convicts, prisoners, and criminal tribes underpinned imperial attempts at political dominance and economic development. The article focuses on the penal transportation of Eurasian convicts, the employment of free Eurasians and Anglo-Indians as convict overseers and administrators, the migration of “volunteer” Indian prisoners from the mainland, the free settlement of Anglo-Indians, and the forced resettlement of the Bhantu “criminal tribe”. It examines the issue from the periphery of British India, thus showing that class, race, and criminality combined to produce penal and social outcomes that were different from those of the imperial mainland. These were related to ideologies of imperial governmentality, including social discipline and penal practice, and the exigencies of political economy.
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Anderson, Clare. "The Age of Revolution in the Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal, and South China Sea: A Maritime Perspective." International Review of Social History 58, S21 (September 6, 2013): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859013000229.

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AbstractThis essay explores the history of empire and rebellion from a seaborne perspective, through a focus on convict-ship mutiny in the Indian Ocean. It will show that the age of revolution did not necessarily spread outward from Europe and North America into colonies and empires, but rather complex sets of interconnected phenomena circulated regionally and globally in all directions. Convict transportation and mutiny formed a circuit that connected together imperial expansion and native resistance. As unfree labour, convicts might be positioned in global histories of the Industrial Revolution. And, as mutinous or insurgent colonial subjects, they bring together the history of peasant unrest and rebellion in south Asia with piracy in south-east Asia and the Pearl River delta. A subaltern history of convict transportation in the Indian Ocean thus has much to offer for an understanding of the maritime dimensions of the age of revolution.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transportation of convicts"

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Hindmarsh, Bruce. "Yoked to the plough : male convict labour, culture and resistance in rural Van Diemen's Land, 1820-40." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4056.

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This thesis is a study of assigned male convict labour in rural Van Diemen’s Land in the period 1820-40. Throughout this period agriculture and pastoralism were centxal to the colonial economy, and this sector was the largest private employer of convict labour, yet there has been no prior sustained investigation of the nature and experience of rural convict employment in Van Diemen’s Land. Research has involved use of records of convict transportation, the records of the convict department, colonial court records, and the correspondence of the colonial secretary’s office. Extensive use has also been made of the colonial press, published contemporary accounts, and unpublished journals of colonists. The thesis begins with a discussion of two oppositional representations of rural convict labour: John Glover’s painting ‘My Harvest Home’, and the ballad ‘Van Diemen’s Land’. These representations demonstrate the polarised debate on the nature of convict labour. Rural convicts have been largely neglected in the recent historiography of convict transportation; this thesis argues that this neglect is unwarranted, and that rural convict labour resists reductionist understanding of convict labour. Chapter 1 examines farming in the colony, demonstrating the importance and vitality of this sector of the economy. Chapters 2-4 discuss convict assignment, management, and convict responses. It is argued that assignment effectively placed those with experience of farm work with rural employers. Convicts’ skills are seen to have been relevant and useful to the rural economy. The management of convict servants operated both formally at the level of the Convict Department regulations and the magistrates bench, and informally on individual properties. Informal management best utilised incentives rather than force. Thus convicts were able to negotiate the authority of their employers through various means, including resistance. Chapters 5-7 discuss the convict experience of rural labour. Material conditions of diet, housing and clothing are examined in chapter 5. Convict recreational culture is investigated in chapter 6; it is argued that convicts created an important site of autonomy in this form. The intimate lives of convict men are discussed in chapter 7. Often seen as brutal and brutalising, it is argued that these relationships were important and meaningful sites in male convict experience.
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Teixeira, Christopher. "THE CRIME OF COMING HOME: BRITISH CONVICTS RETURNING FROM TRANSPORTATION IN LONDON, 1720-1780." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2226.

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This thesis examines convicts who were tried for the crime of  returning from transportation at London s Old Bailey courthouse between 1720 and 1780. While there is plenty of historical scholarship on the tens of thousands of people who endured penal transportation to the American colonies, relatively little attention has been paid to convicts who migrated illegally back to Britain or those who avoided banishment altogether. By examining these convicts, we can gain a better understanding of how transportation worked, how convicts managed to return to Britain, and most importantly, what happened to them there. This thesis argues that convicts resisted transportation by either avoiding it or returning from banishment after obtaining their freedom. However, regardless of how they arrived back in Britain, many failed to reintegrate successfully back into British society, which led to their apprehension and trial. I claim that most convicts avoided the death penalty upon returning and that this encouraged more convicts to resist transportation and return home. The thesis examines the court cases of 132 convicts charged with returning from transportation at the Old Bailey and examines this migration home through the eyes of those who experienced it. First, the thesis focuses on convicts in Britain and demonstrates how negative perceptions of transportation encouraged them to resist banishment. The thesis then highlights how convicts obtained their freedom in the colonies, which gave them the opportunity to return illegally. Finally, the thesis shows that returned felons tried to reintegrate into society by relocating to new cities, leading quiet honest lives, or by returning to a life of crime.
M.A.
Department of History
Arts and Humanities
History MA
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3

Blasdale-Clarke, Heather Evelyn. "Social dance and early Australian settlement: An historical examination of the role of social dance for convicts and the 'lower orders' in the period between 1788 and 1840." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/121495/1/Heather_Clarke_Thesis.pdf.

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This is the first comprehensive survey of social dance in the Australian colonies in the period between 1788 and 1840. The thesis investigated the convict and 'lower order' dance culture through extensive historical research combined with a series of workshops. It indicated that dance was a significant factor in the lives of the 'lower orders' and convicts in the early colony. Dance was a pastime that brought people together, gave hope and good cheer in the harshest of situations, allowed a temporary escape from troubles and encouraged people to put aside grievances. This practice-led research revealed important insights into the relevance of dance in the past, present and future.
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Books on the topic "Transportation of convicts"

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Convicts: Transportation & Australia. Sydney: Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales, 2008.

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Bob, Reece, ed. Irish convicts: The origins of convicts transported to Australia. [Dublin]: Dept. of Modern History, University College Dublin, 1989.

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3

Oldham, Wilfrid. Britain's convicts to the colonies. Sydney: Library of Australian History, 1990.

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Anderson, C. L. Lincolnshire convicts to Australia, Bermuda and Gibraltar: A study of two thousand convicts. Lincoln: Laece, 1993.

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5

Tipping, Marjorie. Convicts unbound: The story of the Calcutta convicts and their settlement in Australia. Ringwood, Vic., Australia: Viking O'Neil, 1988.

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6

Donohoe, James Hugh. Stories and tales of the transported convicts. Sydney: J.H. Donohoe, 1990.

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Donohoe, James Hugh. Stories and tales of the transported convicts. [Australia: s.n., 1990.

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Donohoe, James Hugh. The convicts and exiles transported from Ireland, 1791-1820. [Australia: s.n., 1990.

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Donohoe, James Hugh. The convicts and exiles transported from Ireland, 1791-1820. [Sydney]: J.H. Donohoe, 1990.

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10

Chandler, Jennifer. The transports are here: Convicts and the colony A-Z. Woolloongabba, Qld: Convict Connections, Genealogical Society of Queensland Inc., 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transportation of convicts"

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Anderson, Clare. "Violent and ‘Everyday’ Forms of Resistance: Convict Responses to Transportation." In Convicts in the Indian Ocean, 59–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596542_4.

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Anderson, Clare. "The End of Transportation and the Liberation of the Convicts." In Convicts in the Indian Ocean, 111–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596542_6.

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Anderson, Clare. "‘The Most Desperate Characters in all India’? The Origins of Transportation in the South Asian Context." In Convicts in the Indian Ocean, 12–33. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596542_2.

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Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish, and Lydia Nicholson. "Penal Transportation, Family History, and Convict Tourism." In The Palgrave Handbook of Prison Tourism, 713–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56135-0_34.

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Basaraba, Nicole. "Sentenced to Transportation: An iDoc for Australia’s Convict Past." In Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2021, 505–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89394-1_45.

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6

Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish, and Michael Quinlan. "Unfree Labour, Dissent, Convict-Transportation and the Building of Colonial Capital." In Palgrave Studies in Economic History, 3–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7558-4_1.

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7

Anderson, Clare. "6. Sepoys, Servants and Settlers: Convict Transportation in the Indian Ocean, 1787-1945." In Cultures of Confinement, edited by Frank Dikötter and Ian Brown, 185–220. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501721267-009.

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8

Winter, Sean. "The Global Versus the Local: Modeling the British System of Convict Transportation After 1830." In Archaeologies of Mobility and Movement, 133–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6211-8_9.

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Hogg, Russell, and David Brown. "Rethinking Penal Modernism from the Global South: The Case of Convict Transportation to Australia." In The Palgrave Handbook of Criminology and the Global South, 751–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65021-0_36.

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Anderson, Clare. "Gender, Subalternity, and Silence: Recovering Convict Women’s Experiences From Histories of Transportation, c. 1780–1857." In Behind the Veil, 139–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230583672_6.

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