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Journal articles on the topic 'Transports couplés'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

de Rouffignac, C. "Quelques pas en direction du site de reconnaissance de l'ion sodium au sein des protéines de transports couplés." médecine/sciences 12, no. 10 (1996): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/636.

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2

Bellot, J. P., A. Jardy, and D. Ablitzer. "Simulation numérique des transports couplés au sein du puits liquide d'un lingot de titane refondu par bombardement électronique." Revue de Métallurgie 92, no. 12 (1995): 1399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/199592121399.

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3

Grogan, Dustin F. P., and Terrence R. Nathan. "Passive versus Active Transport of Saharan Dust Aerosols by African Easterly Waves." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (2021): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111509.

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Theory and modeling are combined to reveal the physical and dynamical processes that control Saharan dust transport by amplifying African easterly waves (AEWs). Two cases are examined: active transport, in which the dust is radiatively coupled to the circulation; passive transport, in which the dust is radiatively decoupled from the circulation. The theory is built around a dust conservation equation for dust-coupled AEWs in zonal-mean African easterly jets. The theory predicts that, for both the passive and active cases, the dust transports will be largest where the zonal-mean dust gradients

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4

Li, Shuang, Yihu Yang, and Weikai Li. "Human ferroportin mediates proton-coupled active transport of iron." Blood Advances 4, no. 19 (2020): 4758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001864.

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Abstract As the sole iron exporter in humans, ferroportin controls systemic iron homeostasis through exporting iron into the blood plasma. The molecular mechanism of how ferroportin exports iron under various physiological settings remains unclear. Here we found that purified ferroportin incorporated into liposomes preferentially transports Fe2+ and exhibits lower affinities of transporting other divalent metal ions. The iron transport by ferroportin is facilitated by downhill proton gradients at the same direction. Human ferroportin is also capable of transporting protons, and this activity i

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5

Nathan, Terrence R., Dustin F. P. Grogan, and Shu-Hua Chen. "Saharan Dust Transport during the Incipient Growth Phase of African Easterly Waves." Geosciences 9, no. 9 (2019): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9090388.

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An analytical analysis is combined with numerical modeling simulations in order to expose the physical and dynamical processes that control the zonal-mean transport of Saharan mineral dust aerosols during the incipient growth phase of African easterly waves. The analytical analysis provides the theoretical basis for understanding and predicting how the waves and background flow combine to affect the zonal-mean eddy transports of dust. The analytically derived transport equations―which are valid for any wave field, irrespective of its spatial or temporal scale―predict that the eddy transports o

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6

Vellinga, Michael, and Peili Wu. "Relations between Northward Ocean and Atmosphere Energy Transports in a Coupled Climate Model." Journal of Climate 21, no. 3 (2008): 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1754.1.

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Abstract The Third Hadley Centre Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Model (HadCM3) is used to analyze the relation between northward energy transports in the ocean and atmosphere at centennial time scales. In a transient water-hosing experiment, where suppressing the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) causes a reduction in northward ocean heat transport of up to 0.75 PW (i.e., 75%), the atmosphere compensates by increasing its northward transport of moist static energy. This compensation is very efficient at low latitudes and near complete at the equator throughout the

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7

Beneš, Libor, Rudolf Kaloč, and Luboš Minář. "NEW APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTACT SURFACES OF ROLLING KINEMATIC COUPLE." TRANSPORT 25, no. 4 (2010): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.47.

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All physical processes of contact phenomenon especially a slip mechanism occur in the superficial layers related to changes in the micro/macro‐geometry of the surface. It is also the area where thermo‐mechanical processes of non‐isothermal nature arise. The persistent problems of damage to contact surfaces when being dynamically strained may only be gradually resolved using up‐to‐date metallographic methods, i.e. an experimental analysis of samples taken from the contact‐stressed areas. This paper deals with a new theoretical approach to the loading analysis of contact surfaces during rolling

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8

Guo, Lirong, Kaiyun Wang, Zaigang Chen, Zhiyong Shi, Kaikai Lv, and Rui Zhang. "EFFECT OF LATERAL STIFFNESS OF SECONDARY SUSPENSIONS ON HEAVY-HAUL LOCOMOTIVES STABILITY DURING BRAKING BASED ON SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT." Transport 34, no. 5 (2019): 548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11509.

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This paper aimed to investigate the effect of the lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions on the stability capacity and running safety of heavy-haul locomotives during braking based on the dynamic model and the field braking tests. The dynamic model of heavy-haul locomotives included two double-unit locomotives and five coupler systems. Simulation results indicate that the increasing of the lateral stiffness of secondary suspensions can improve the stability capacity and running safety of heavy-haul locomotives. Then, the field braking experiments were conducted to validate the dynamic mode

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9

Merryfield, William J., and George J. Boer. "Variability of Upper Pacific Ocean Overturning in a Coupled Climate Model." Journal of Climate 18, no. 5 (2005): 666–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-3282.1.

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Abstract Variability of subtropical cell (STC) overturning in the upper Pacific Ocean is examined in a coupled climate model in light of large observed changes in STC transport. In a 1000-yr control run, modeled STC variations are smaller than observed, but correlate in a similar way with low-frequency ENSO-like variability. In model runs that include anthropogenically forced climate change, STC pycnocline transports decrease progressively under the influence of global warming, attaining reductions of 8% by 2000 and 46% by 2100. Although the former reduction is insufficient to fully account fo

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10

Li, Li, Dong Zhang, Xiao-Yun Cheng, Ping Wang, and Gui-Ping Wang. "A COMPOSITIONAL APPROACH FOR TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION EVALUATION OF TRIPLE LEFT-TURN LANES FROM AN INDIVIDUAL PERSPECTIVE." Transport 36, no. 2 (2021): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2021.14676.

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This study analysed unbalanced traffic distribution on Triple Left-Turn Lanes (TLTLs) at signalized intersections that is caused by left-turn drivers’ unequal lane preferences. To develop statistical bonding between the multilane traffic flow and individual lane choices, the lane volumes are formatted as compositional data to subject the sum-constant constraint. One-way and two-way Compositional ANalysis Of VAriance (CANOVA) models were formulated respectively to estimate the independent effect of one factor and its joint effects with other factors on the multilane traffic distribution. TLTL v

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11

Shi, Jin, Shujing Ren, and Mengran Zhang. "MODEL-BASED ASSESSMENT OF LONGITUDINAL DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF HEAVY HAUL TRAIN ON LONG-STEEP DOWNGRADES." Transport 34, no. 3 (2019): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.9043.

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Longitudinal dynamics performance and energy consumption of heavy haul train should be considered in the design of heavy haul railway profile of long-steep downgrades. A quantitative analytical tool is developed to assess the longitudinal dynamic performance and energy consumption of heavy haul trains with large axle loads on grades with different longitudinal profiles, including a longitudinal dynamic model of the train and a method of calculating the energy consumption during the operation of heavy haul train. The model is then preliminarily validated by the data of coupler force collected i

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12

Ahmmed, Bulbul, Maruti Kumar Mudunuru, Satish Karra, Scott C. James, Hari Viswanathan, and John A. Dunbar. "PFLOTRAN-SIP: A PFLOTRAN Module for Simulating Spectral-Induced Polarization of Electrical Impedance Data." Energies 13, no. 24 (2020): 6552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246552.

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Spectral induced polarization (SIP) is a non-intrusive geophysical method that collects chargeability information (the ability of a material to retain charge) in the time domain or its phase shift in the frequency domain. Although SIP is a temporal method, it cannot measure the dynamics of flow and solute/species transport in the subsurface over long times (i.e., 10–100 s of years). Data collected with the SIP technique need to be coupled with fluid flow and reactive-transport models in order to capture long-term dynamics. To address this challenge, PFLOTRAN-SIP was built to couple SIP data to

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13

Graffino, Giorgio, Riccardo Farneti, and Fred Kucharski. "Low-frequency variability of the Pacific Subtropical Cells as reproduced by coupled models and ocean reanalyses." Climate Dynamics 56, no. 9-10 (2021): 3231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05639-6.

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AbstractLow-frequency variability of the Pacific Subtropical Cells (STCs) is investigated using outputs from several models included in the two latest phases of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), CMIP5 and CMIP6, as well as ocean reanalysis products. Our analysis focuses on historical simulations and an idealised future scenario integration. Mass and heat transport diagnostics are employed to assess how coupled models and ocean reanalyses reproduce Pacific STCs total and interior transport convergence at the equator and their relationship with equatorial Pacific sea surface temperat

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14

Chen, Zaigang, Jie Zhang, Kaiyun Wang, and Pengfei Liu. "NONLINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF LOCOMOTIVE EXCITED BY RAIL CORRUGATION AND GEAR TIME-VARYING MESH STIFFNESS." Transport 37, no. 6 (2022): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.17065.

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Rail corrugation is usually generated in modern railway transportations, such as high-speed railway, urban railway, and heavy-haul railway. It is one of the major excitations to the wheel–rail dynamic interaction, which will cause extra vibration and noise, failures, or even risk of derailment to the vehicle and its components. A dynamics model of a heavy-haul locomotive considering the traction power from the electric motor to the wheelset through gear transmission is employed to investigate the nonlinear dynamic responses of the locomotive. This dynamics model couples the motions of the vehi

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15

de Saint-Jean, Maud, Vanessa Delfosse, Dominique Douguet, et al. "Osh4p exchanges sterols for phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate between lipid bilayers." Journal of Cell Biology 195, no. 6 (2011): 965–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201104062.

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Osh/Orp proteins transport sterols between organelles and are involved in phosphoinositide metabolism. The link between these two aspects remains elusive. Using novel assays, we address the influence of membrane composition on the ability of Osh4p/Kes1p to extract, deliver, or transport dehydroergosterol (DHE). Surprisingly, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) specifically inhibited DHE extraction because PI(4)P was itself efficiently extracted by Osh4p. We solve the structure of the Osh4p–PI(4)P complex and reveal how Osh4p selectively substitutes PI(4)P for sterol. Last, we show that O

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16

Treguier, Anne Marie, Pierre Mathiot, Tim Graham, Dan Copsey, Camille Lique, and Jean Sterlin. "Heat Balance in the Nordic Seas in a Global 1/12° Coupled Model." Journal of Climate 34, no. 1 (2021): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0063.1.

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AbstractThe Nordic seas are a gateway to the Arctic Ocean, where Atlantic water undergoes a strong cooling during its transit. Here we investigate the heat balance of these regions in the high-resolution Met Office Global Coupled Model GC3 with a 1/12° grid. The GC3 model reproduces the contrasted ice conditions and ocean heat loss between the eastern and western regions of the Nordic seas. In the west (Greenland and Iceland seas), the heat loss experienced by the ocean is stronger than the atmospheric heat gain, because of the cooling by ice melt. The latter is a major contribution to the hea

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17

Harrington, Gregory N., Katherine E. Dibley, Raymond J. Ritchie, Christina E. Offler, and John W. Patrick. "Hexose uptake by developing cotyledons of Vicia faba: physiological evidence for transporters of differing affinities and specificities." Functional Plant Biology 32, no. 11 (2005): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp05081.

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Cotyledons of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) develop in an apoplasmic environment that shifts in composition from one dominated by hexoses to one dominated by sucrose. During the latter phase of development, sucrose / H+ symporter activity and expression is restricted to cotyledon epidermal transfer cell complexes that support sucrose fluxes that are 8.5-fold higher than those exhibited by the storage parenchyma. In contrast, the flux difference between these cotyledon tissues is only 1.7-fold for hexoses. Glucose and fructose uptake was shown to be sensitive to PCMBS and phloridzin, both of which

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18

Liu, Zhengyu, Chengfei He, and Feiyu Lu. "Local and Remote Responses of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heat Transports to Climate Forcing: Compensation versus Collaboration." Journal of Climate 31, no. 16 (2018): 6445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0675.1.

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We present a theoretical study on local and remote responses of atmosphere and ocean meridional heat transports (AHT and OHT, respectively) to climate forcing in a coupled energy balance model. We show that, in general, a surface heat flux forces opposite AHT and OHT responses in the so-called compensation response, while a net heat flux into the coupled system forces AHT and OHT responses of the same direction in the so-called collaboration response. Furthermore, unless the oceanic thermohaline circulation is significantly changed, a remote climate response far away from the forcing region te

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19

Thomas, Matthew D., Agatha M. De Boer, Helen L. Johnson, and David P. Stevens. "Spatial and Temporal Scales of Sverdrup Balance*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 44, no. 10 (2014): 2644–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0192.1.

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Abstract Sverdrup balance underlies much of the theory of ocean circulation and provides a potential tool for describing the interior ocean transport from only the wind stress. Using both a model state estimate and an eddy-permitting coupled climate model, this study assesses to what extent and over what spatial and temporal scales Sverdrup balance describes the meridional transport. The authors find that Sverdrup balance holds to first order in the interior subtropical ocean when considered at spatial scales greater than approximately 5°. Outside the subtropics, in western boundary currents a

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20

Bossuyt, X., and N. Blanckaert. "Mechanism of stimulation of microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine." Biochemical Journal 305, no. 1 (1995): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3050321.

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We propose the existence in rat liver endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of two asymmetric carrier systems. One system couples UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDPGlcNAc) transport to UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGlcA) transport. When UDPGlcNAc was presented at the cytosolic side of the ER, it then acted as a weak inhibitor of UDPGlcA uptake. By contrast, UDPGlcNAc produced a forceful trans-stimulation of microsomal UDPGlcA uptake when it was present within the lumen of the ER. Likewise, cytosolic UDPGlcA strongly trans-stimulated efflux of intravesicular UDPGlcNAc, whereas cytosolic UDPGlcNAc was ineffective in t

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21

Vinson, Valda. "Coupled transport." Science 366, no. 6464 (2019): 440.16–442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.366.6464.440-p.

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22

Nikolaeva, O. V. "Surface albedo retrieval based on high spatial resolution data." Computer Optics 46, no. 3 (2022): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-1046.

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The paper aims to compare the accuracy of three methods of solving the atmospheric correction problem for a Lambertian surface using high spatial resolution remotely sensed data. Three couples of formulas are presented. Each couple contains a formula for expressing the reflectance in a target pixel at the upper boundary of the atmosphere via albedo in target and adjacent pixels of the surface and a formula for the surface albedo in a target pixel via reflectances. The derivation of each couple of formulas is given. Derivation conditions are presented. Formulas of only one couple are found by s

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23

Macara, Ian G. "Nuclear transport: Randy couples." Current Biology 9, no. 12 (1999): R436—R439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(99)80275-9.

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24

Wang, Hong, You-Jun Fei, Vadivel Ganapathy, and Frederick H. Leibach. "Electrophysiological characteristics of the proton-coupled peptide transporter PEPT2 cloned from rat brain." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 275, no. 4 (1998): C967—C975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.4.c967.

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We have cloned a peptide transporter from rat brain and found it to be identical to rat kidney PEPT2. In the present study we characterize the transport function of the rat brain PEPT2, with special emphasis on electrophysiological properties and interaction with N-acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate (NAAG). When heterologously expressed in HeLa cells and in SK-N-SH cells, PEPT2 transports several dipeptides but not free amino acids in the presence of a proton gradient. NAAG competes with other peptides for the PEPT2-mediated transport process. When PEPT2 is expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, subs

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25

Farneti, Riccardo, and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "Meridional Energy Transport in the Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean System: Compensation and Partitioning." Journal of Climate 26, no. 18 (2013): 7151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00133.1.

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Abstract The variability and compensation of the meridional energy transport in the atmosphere and ocean are examined with the state-of-the-art GFDL Climate Model, version 2.1 (CM2.1), and the GFDL Intermediate Complexity Coupled Model (ICCM). On decadal time scales, a high degree of compensation between the energy transport in the atmosphere (AHT) and ocean (OHT) is found in the North Atlantic. The variability of the total or planetary heat transport (PHT) is much smaller than the variability in either AHT or OHT alone, a feature referred to as “Bjerknes compensation.” Natural decadal variabi

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26

Baehr, J., S. Cunnningham, H. Haak, P. Heimbach, T. Kanzow, and J. Marotzke. "Observed and simulated estimates of the meridional overturning circulation at 26.5° N in the Atlantic." Ocean Science 5, no. 4 (2009): 575–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-5-575-2009.

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Abstract. Daily timeseries of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) estimated from the UK/US RAPID/MOCHA array at 26.5° N in the Atlantic are used to evaluate the MOC as simulated in two global circulation models: (I) an 8-member ensemble of the coupled climate model ECHAM5/MPI-OM, and (II) the ECCO-GODAE state estimate. In ECHAM5/MPI-OM, we find that the observed and simulated MOC have a similar variability and time-mean within the 99% confidence interval. In ECCO-GODAE, we find that the observed and simulated MOC show a significant correlation within the 99% confidence interval. To in

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27

Zhou, Hui, Dongliang Yuan, Lina Yang, Xiang Li, and William Dewar. "Decadal Variability of the Meridional Geostrophic Transport in the Upper Tropical North Pacific Ocean." Journal of Climate 31, no. 15 (2018): 5891–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0639.1.

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The meridional geostrophic transport (MGT) in the interior tropical North Pacific Ocean is estimated based on global ocean heat and salt content data. The decadal variations of the zonally and vertically integrated MGT in the tropical North Pacific Ocean are found to precede the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) by 1–3 years. The dynamics of the MGT are analyzed based on Sverdrup theory. It is found that the total meridional transport variability (MGT plus Ekman) is dominated by the MGT variability having positive correlations with the PDO index. The Sverdrup transports differ from the total m

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28

Yang, Qianzi, Yingying Zhao, Qin Wen, Jie Yao, and Haijun Yang. "Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Meridional Heat Transports and the Role of Freshwater in a Warming Climate." Journal of Climate 31, no. 12 (2018): 4791–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0587.1.

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The Bjerknes compensation (BJC) under global warming is studied using a simple box model and a coupled Earth system model. The BJC states the out-of-phase changes in the meridional atmosphere and ocean heat transports. Results suggest that the BJC can occur during the transient period of global warming. During the transient period, the sea ice melting in the high latitudes can cause a significant weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), resulting in a cooling in the North Atlantic. The meridional contrast of sea surface temperature would be enhanced, and this can ev

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29

Wang Mingjun, 王明军, 刘敏 Liu Min, 张佳琳 Zhang Jialin та 黄朝军 Huang Chaojun. "声光耦合同轴大气传输背景中的涡旋光场相位特性研究". Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 61, № 23 (2024): 2301001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop240786.

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30

Shaffrey, Len, and Rowan Sutton. "Bjerknes Compensation and the Decadal Variability of the Energy Transports in a Coupled Climate Model." Journal of Climate 19, no. 7 (2006): 1167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3652.1.

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Abstract In the 1960s, Jacob Bjerknes suggested that if the top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) fluxes and the oceanic heat storage did not vary too much, then the total energy transport by the climate system would not vary too much either. This implies that any large anomalies of oceanic and atmospheric energy transport should be equal and opposite. This simple scenario has become known as Bjerknes compensation. A long control run of the Third Hadley Centre Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Model (HadCM3) has been investigated. It was found that northern extratropical decadal anomalies of

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Zhang, Fengying, Zijun Zhang, Yali Zhao, et al. "Redox-Regulated Magnetic Conversions between Ferro- and Antiferromagnetism in Organic Nitroxide Diradicals." Molecules 28, no. 17 (2023): 6232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176232.

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Redox-induced magnetic transformation in organic diradicals is an appealing phenomenon. In this study, we theoretically designed twelve couples of diradicals in which two nitroxide (NO) radical groups are connected to the redox-active couplers including p-benzoquinonyl, 1,4-naphthoquinyl, 9,10-anthraquinonyl, naphthacene-5,12-dione, pentacene-6,13-dione, hexacene-6,15-dione, pyrazinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenazinyl, 5,12-diazanaphthacene, 6,13-diazapentacene, and 6,15-diazahexacene. As evidenced at both the B3LYP and M06-2X levels of theory, the calculations reveal that the magnetic reversal can ta

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32

Baehr, J., S. Cunnningham, H. Haak, P. Heimbach, T. Kanzow, and J. Marotzke. "Observed and simulated estimates of the meridional overturning circulation at 26.5° N in the Atlantic." Ocean Science Discussions 6, no. 2 (2009): 1333–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-1333-2009.

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Abstract. Daily timeseries of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) estimated from the UK/US RAPID/MOCHA array at 26.5° N in the Atlantic are used to evaluate the MOC as simulated in two global circulation models: (i) an 8-member ensemble of the coupled climate model ECHAM5/MPI-OM, and (ii) the ECCO-GODAE state estimate. In ECHAM5/MPI-OM, we find that the observed and simulated MOC have a similar variability and time-mean within the 99 percent confidence interval. In ECCO-GODAE, we find that the observed and simulated MOC show a significant correlation within the 99 percent confidence i

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33

Taghikhani, Kasra, Alexis Dubois, John R. Berger, Sandrine Ricote, Huayang Zhu та Robert J. Kee. "Modeling Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Behaviors within the Dense BaZr0.8Y0.2O3−δ Protonic-Ceramic Membrane in a Long Tubular Electrochemical Cell". Membranes 11, № 6 (2021): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060378.

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This paper reports an extended Nernst–Planck computational model that couples charged-defect transport and stress in tubular electrochemical cell with a ceramic proton-conducting membrane. The model is particularly concerned with coupled chemo-mechanical behaviors, including how electrochemical phenomena affect internal stresses and vice versa. The computational model predicts transient and steady-state defect concentrations, fluxes, stresses within a thin BaZr0.8Y0.2O3−δ (BZY20) membrane. Depending on the polarization (i.e., imposed current density), the model predicts performance as a fuel c

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34

Bucci, Mirella. "Uncoupling coupled transport." Nature Chemical Biology 13, no. 4 (2017): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2351.

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35

Linton, S. M., and M. J. O'Donnell. "Novel aspects of the transport of organic anions by the malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 23 (2000): 3575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.23.3575.

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Para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) is a negatively charged organic ion that can pass across the epithelium of Malpighian tubules. Its mode of transport was studied in Malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster. PAH transport was an active process, with a K(m) of 2. 74 mmol l(−)(1) and a V(max) of 88.8 pmol min(−)(1). Tubules had a low passive permeability to PAH, but PAH transport rates (832 nmol min(−)(1)mm(2)) and concentrative ability ([PAH](secreted fluid):[PAH](bath)=81.2) were the highest measured to date for insects. Competition experiments indicated that there were two organic anion tran

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36

Saumon, G., and G. Basset. "Electrolyte and fluid transport across the mature alveolar epithelium." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 1 (1993): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.1.1.

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The lungs must be kept "dry" for efficient gas exchange. The mechanisms that contribute to clear alveoli from fetal lung fluid at birth are still present during adult life and allow recovery from alveolar flooding. It has recently been shown with the use of different approaches in vitro, as well as in vivo, that alveolar epithelium performs solute-coupled fluid transport. Fluid absorption from alveoli occurs chiefly as a result of active transepithelial Na+ transport. The mechanisms of Na+ transport have been partly elucidated; Na+ enters alveolar cells through apical Na+ channels and Na(+)-co

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Kehres, David G., Anuradha Janakiraman, James M. Slauch, and Michael E. Maguire. "SitABCD Is the Alkaline Mn2+ Transporter of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 12 (2002): 3159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.12.3159-3166.2002.

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ABSTRACT MntH, a bacterial homolog of the mammalian natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1), is a primary Mn2+ transporter of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli. S. enterica serovar Typhimurium MntH expression is important for full virulence; however, strains carrying an mntH deletion are only partially attenuated and display no obvious signs of Mn2+ deficiency. We noted that promoter sequences for mntH and for the putative Fe2+ transporter sitABCD appeared to have the same regulatory element responsive to Mn2+ and so hypothesized that sitABCD coul

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Amir, Laila, and Michel Kern. "Jacobian Free Methods for Coupling Transport with Chemistry in Heterogenous Porous Media." Water 13, no. 3 (2021): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030370.

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Reactive transport plays an important role in various subsurface applications, including carbon dioxide sequestration, nuclear waste storage, biogeochemistry and the simulation of hydro–thermal reservoirs. The model couples a set of partial differential equations, describing the transport of chemical species, to nonlinear algebraic or differential equations, describing the chemical reactions. Solution methods for the resulting large nonlinear system can be either fully coupled or can iterate between transport and chemistry. This paper extends previous work by the authors where an approach base

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Yan, Y. Y., J. T. Lin, Y. Kuang, D. Yang, and L. Zhang. "Tropospheric carbon monoxide over the Pacific during HIPPO: two-way coupled simulation of GEOS-Chem and its multiple nested models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 23 (2014): 12649–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12649-2014.

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Abstract. Global chemical transport models (CTMs) are used extensively to study air pollution and transport at a global scale. These models are limited by coarse horizontal resolutions that do not allow for a detailed representation of small-scale nonlinear processes over the pollutant source regions. Here we couple the global GEOS-Chem CTM and its three high-resolution nested models to simulate the tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) over the Pacific Ocean during five High-performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research (HIAPER) Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) campaigns

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Robinson, Anne E., Nathan E. Thomas, Emma A. Morrison, Bryan M. Balthazor, and Katherine A. Henzler-Wildman. "New free-exchange model of EmrE transport." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 47 (2017): E10083—E10091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708671114.

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EmrE is a small multidrug resistance transporter found in Escherichia coli that confers resistance to toxic polyaromatic cations due to its proton-coupled antiport of these substrates. Here we show that EmrE breaks the rules generally deemed essential for coupled antiport. NMR spectra reveal that EmrE can simultaneously bind and cotransport proton and drug. The functional consequence of this finding is an exceptionally promiscuous transporter: not only can EmrE export diverse drug substrates, it can couple antiport of a drug to either one or two protons, performing both electrogenic and electr

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Beadling, R. L., J. L. Russell, R. J. Stouffer, and P. J. Goodman. "Evaluation of Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean Circulation in CMIP5 Models against the Observational Array at 26.5°N and Its Changes under Continued Warming." Journal of Climate 31, no. 23 (2018): 9697–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0845.1.

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Observationally based metrics derived from the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array are used to assess the large-scale ocean circulation in the subtropical North Atlantic simulated in a suite of fully coupled climate models that contributed to phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The modeled circulation at 26.5°N is decomposed into four components similar to those RAPID observes to estimate the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC): the northward-flowing western boundary current (WBC), the southward transport in the upper midocean, the near-surface Ekman tra

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Wu, Xiaodong, Falk Feddersen, Sarah N. Giddings, Nirnimesh Kumar, and Ganesh Gopalakrishnan. "Mechanisms of Mid- to Outer-Shelf Transport of Shoreline-Released Tracers." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, no. 7 (2020): 1813–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0225.1.

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AbstractTransport of shoreline-released tracer from the surfzone across the shelf can be affected by a variety of physical processes from wind-driven to submesoscale, with implications for shoreline contaminant dilution and larval dispersion. Here, a high-resolution wave–current coupled model that resolves the surfzone and receives realistic oceanic and atmospheric forcing is used to simulate dye representing shoreline-released untreated wastewater in the San Diego–Tijuana region. Surfzone and shelf alongshore dye transports are primarily driven by obliquely incident wave breaking and alongsho

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Born, A., T. F. Stocker, and A. B. Sandø. "Coupling of eastern and western subpolar North Atlantic: salt transport in the Irminger Current." Ocean Science Discussions 10, no. 2 (2013): 555–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-555-2013.

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Abstract. Salt transport in the Irminger Current and thus the coupling between eastern and western subpolar North Atlantic plays an important role for climate variability across a wide range of time scales. High-resolution ocean modeling and observations indicate that salinities in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic decrease with enhanced circulation of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (SPG). This has led to the perception that a stronger SPG also transports less salt westward. In this study, we analyze a regional ocean model and a comprehensive global coupled climate model, and show that a s

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Starn, Timothy K., and Gary M. Hieftje. "Acoustically Driven Device for Introducing Solid Samples into an Inductively Coupled Plasma." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 10 (1992): 1454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370292789619359.

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A device is described that couples acoustic energy into powdered solid samples to facilitate their transport into an inductively coupled plasma. The system, entitled a sonic suspension device, is inexpensive and simple to build. In an experiment to illustrate its performance, calcium carbonate in a graphite matrix was introduced into an ICP; it offered moderate precision (relative standard deviation of 5% without the use of an internal standard) and acceptable sample-introduction efficiency.

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Nathan, Terrence R., and Dustin F. P. Grogan. "Scale-Dependent Transport of Saharan Dust by African Easterly Waves." Geosciences 12, no. 9 (2022): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12090337.

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The scale-dependent transport of Saharan dust aerosols by African easterly waves (AEWs) is examined analytically and numerically. The analytical analysis shows that the meridional and vertical wave transports of dust are modulated by the Doppler-shifted frequency, ωd, and the wave growth rate, ωi, both of which are functions of the zonal wave scale. The analytical analysis predicts that the AEW dust transports, which are driven by the Reynolds stresses acting on the mean dust gradients, are largest for the twin limits: ωd→0, which corresponds to flow near a critical surface, a local effect; an

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Parker, Joanne L., Chenghan Li, Allete Brinth, et al. "Proton movement and coupling in the POT family of peptide transporters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 50 (2017): 13182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710727114.

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POT transporters represent an evolutionarily well-conserved family of proton-coupled transport systems in biology. An unusual feature of the family is their ability to couple the transport of chemically diverse ligands to an inwardly directed proton electrochemical gradient. For example, in mammals, fungi, and bacteria they are predominantly peptide transporters, whereas in plants the family has diverged to recognize nitrate, plant defense compounds, and hormones. Although recent structural and biochemical studies have identified conserved sites of proton binding, the mechanism through which t

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Majda, Andrew J., and Samuel N. Stechmann. "Stochastic models for convective momentum transport." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 46 (2008): 17614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806838105.

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The improved parameterization of unresolved features of tropical convection is a central challenge in current computer models for long-range ensemble forecasting of weather and short-term climate change. Observations, theory, and detailed smaller-scale numerical simulations suggest that convective momentum transport (CMT) from the unresolved scales to the resolved scales is one of the major deficiencies in contemporary computer models. Here, a combination of mathematical and physical reasoning is utilized to build simple stochastic models that capture the significant intermittent upscale trans

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Paulsen, Bryan D., Simone Fabiano, and Jonathan Rivnay. "Mixed Ionic-Electronic Transport in Polymers." Annual Review of Materials Research 51, no. 1 (2021): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-080619-101319.

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Polymeric mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs) combine aspects of conjugated polymers, polymer electrolytes, and polyelectrolytes to simultaneously transport and couple ionic and electronic charges, opening exciting new applications in energy storage and conversion, bioelectronics, and display technologies. The many applications of polymeric MIECs lead to a wide range of transport conditions. Ionic and electronic transport are directly coupled through electrochemical doping, while the mechanisms of ionic and electronic transport depend on distinctly different chemical functionality, (macr

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Erhun, M., and S. G. Advani. "Heat Transfer Effects During Solidification of Semicrystalline Polymers." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 115, no. 1 (1993): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2902154.

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The build-up of the residual stresses in the plastic parts are directly affected by the transient temperature distribution during the solidification stage of the semicrystalline polymers. Hence for crystallizable polymers, it is important to couple the crystallization kinetics with the transport of heat flow to determine the thermal history during solidification. In this paper, an experimental study of solidification of two semi-crystalline polymers under quiescent conditions is carried out to examine the influence of crystallization kinetics on the thermal history. The selected model material

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Liu, Ye, H. E. Markus Meier, and Kari Eilola. "Nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea – results from a 30-year physical–biogeochemical reanalysis." Biogeosciences 14, no. 8 (2017): 2113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2113-2017.

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Abstract. Long-term oxygen and nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea are reconstructed using the Swedish Coastal and Ocean Biogeochemical model (SCOBI) coupled to the Rossby Centre Ocean model (RCO). Two simulations with and without data assimilation covering the period 1970–1999 are carried out. Here, the weakly coupled scheme with the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) method is adopted to assimilate observed profiles in the reanalysis system. The reanalysis shows considerable improvement in the simulation of both oxygen and nutrient concentrations relative to the free run. Further, the r

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