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1
Devuyst, Youri. "De omzetting van EG-richtlijnen in de Belgische rechtsorde en de Europeanisering van de Belgische politiek." Res Publica 35, no. 1 (1993): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v35i1.18823.
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Under EC law, directives are often used to harmonize legislation of the member states. White directives are binding as to the result to be achieved, they leave the "choice ofform and methods" to the member states. These must then transpose or implement the directives in their national legal order within a fixed period of time. According to 1992 data of the Commission of the European Communities, Belgium occupied a seventh place in the transposition ofdirectives in general (93.6% of the total number of directives transposed). With regard to the implementation of White Book directives concerning the European internal market however, Belgium, in June 1992, occupied the last place.A wide variety of administrative and structural problems were responsible for Belgium's delay in the implementation of EC directives. Late 1992, an urgency programme set up by the Belgian government early 1992 began to succeed in making up for part of the arrearage with regard to the transposition of White Book directives.However, only through the further adaption its political and administrative structures to the actual Europeanization of Belgian political life wilt Belgium become adequately prepared for the timely and correct transposition of EC directives. This implies an active administrative and parliamentary participation in the preparation of EC legislation and an early dissemination of information concerning the EC's legislative process.
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KAEDING, MICHAEL. "Determinants of Transposition Delay in the European Union." Journal of Public Policy 26, no. 3 (2006): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x06000547.
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Europeanization involves the transposition and implementation of European legislation in EU member states. Whereas EU policy implementation is explicitly recognized as the responsibility of the member states, the new emphasis on benchmarking recognizes that different implementation strategies can be beneficial, provided the outcome is appropriate. New data representing the full EU transport acquis from 1957 to 2004 and the national transposition instruments derived from data bases for Germany, Greece, the UK, Spain and the Netherlands show that only 39 per cent of the acquis was transposed in time. Why do member states not transpose EU directives on time? Logistic and multinomial logistic analysis explains this in terms of the level of complexity of EU directives; the use of national legal instruments that include considerable de facto veto players; and the shorter the transposition time set in the directive, the more delayed the transposition process.
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Macháčková, L., and P. Heneman. "The present time of transposition of the European environmental legislation into Czech food industry." Research in Agricultural Engineering 50, No. 3 (2012): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4936-rae.
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The accession of the Czech Republic in the European Union has brought a necessity to adopt a range of new legal regulations and to apply them in our conditions. Their application however connects with a highly demanding and complex process of implementation of the individual acts of law, administrative and time requirements. One of laws that had to be adopted is the Act No. 76/2002 Coll. on integrated prevention and pollution control, on the integrated pollution register and on amendment to some Acts (hereinafter the IPPC Act). The Act imposes an obligation for all operators of various industrial and processing plants working at certain production or processing capacities have to obtain a so called integrated license without which their activities will not be permitted to continue in the future. At the beginning of the integrated licensing procedure, each subject concerned by the Act is obliged to file an application for the integrated license at a relevant regional authority. There is an analysis of the present time of the IPPC problems in Czech food industry. At the present time, the procedure of licensing and applications for the integrated license are at various stages of the process in individual enterprises.
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Krajčírová, Renáta. "Slovak Income Tax Legislation in Terms of EU Secondary Law Transposition." EU agrarian Law 5, no. 2 (2016): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eual-2016-0010.
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Abstract The article deals with the integration process of implementation of European Union secondary law into the Slovak tax legislation. In particular, the article analyses whether provisions of (i) EU Parent Subsidiary Directive, (ii) EU Interest and Royalty Directive and (iii) EU Merger Directive are implemented into the Slovak Income Tax Act. Following our research, it should be noted that in general, the Slovak tax legislation has adopted the EU secondary law, in particular, the Parent Subsidiary and Interest and Royalty Directives have been implemented. It should be noted that the profit distributions are not subject to tax in Slovakia. It follows that interest and royalty are not subject to tax and is applicable to EU associated companies. Following the Slovak implementation of EU Merger Directive, merger transactions are generally treated as not giving rise to a capital gain. As a result, according to the Slovak Income Tax Act the income received by shareholders from acquiring new shares and income from exchange of the shares on merger transaction is not subject to income tax.
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Núñez Feijóo, Alberto. "Transposition of the Services Directive and subsidiarity: A view from Galicia." European View 18, no. 1 (2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1781685819843206.
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The implementation of the directive on services in the internal market has been a challenge in many parts of the EU. This is particularly true with regard to the interaction between the member states and their public entities, for example, the interaction between the Kingdom of Spain and Galicia. Implementing the directive in Spain required the passage of important legislation, at both the Spanish and Galician levels, and this took several years. Galicia’s experience is particularly interesting since the implementation of the directive had to take into account the community’s cross-border business activities with Portugal. This article argues that European regions, especially those with legislative powers, cannot confine themselves to merely being recipients of matched funding from the EU budget. Instead, they must take shared responsibility and work together as equal collaborators in implementing European law, even where it clashes with the status quo and the vested interests of certain minorities.
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Piszcz, Anna. "Room to Manoeuvre for Member States: Issues for Decision on the Occasion of the Transposition of the Damages Directive." Market and Competition Law Review 1, no. 1 (2019): 81–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7559/mclawreview.2017.309.
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Soon Member States will bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with the Damages Directive (2014/104/EU). Usually Member States do not seem willing to introduce a broader scope of the application of principles embodied in EU directives. For Member States, “copy-pasting” a directive's content into a piece of national legislation is one of the simplest ways to implement a directive (another very simple one is implementation by reference; it is just referring the reader to the directive and should not be applied where the rules in a directive are not sufficiently precise, so it is not applied very often). Member States that work on the implementation of the Damages Directive either do it in a minimalist manner, mainly "copy-pasting" its content, or take the legislative opportunity to do something more and "tidy up" domestic provisions on the occasion of the transposition of the Directive. Some Member States have chosen that last option. The article attempts to highlight some of the considerations that may be of particular relevance in this process, with the aim of formulating some recommendations for national legislatures, even though implementation works are drawing to a dose. First, some “spontaneous harmonisation” of a scope broader than that provided for in the Directive is recommended on the background of the material (substantive) scope of the Directive and its transposition. The other important considerations are addressed to the personal scope of the Directive and its transposition. Finally, the short review of some more detailed issues for decision on the occasion of the transposition of the Directive is offered. Considerations regarding the principle of civil liability, the use of collective redress mechanisms, minimum harmonisation clauses, institutional design of private enforcement of competition law, as well as incentives to voluntarily provide compensation to injured parties can be found therein.
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Blanks, Thomas. "European Works Councils as an institution of European employee information and consultation: overview of typical features of national transposition provisions, outstanding legal questions and demands for amendments to EWC Directive 94/45/EC." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 5, no. 3 (1999): 366–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899900500307.
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The European Works Councils Directive owes the astonishing success of its transposition to the devising of a new mode of legislative implementation. The principle of double subsidiarity, with the progressive manner in which the provisions acquire a legally binding character, has led to a situation in which the aims of the Directive had been realised in part even before its formal implementation in the Member States. In this way it facilitates the emergence of a genuinely European practice of information and consultation. The article investigates to what extent the transposition regulation bear the stamp of national industrial relations traditions and hence diverge from one another — and from the prescriptions of the Directive — and this is demonstrated by taking one example of each of the five characteristic industrial relations models found in Europe. This exposition is followed by a discussion of certain problems that have arisen from the specific features of national transposition regulations in France, Ireland. Sweden, Spain and Germany in relation to the goal of harmonising the legislation on codetermination. Litigation is playing an increasingly significant role in the further development and harmonisation of European law on workplace codetermination, as evidenced by the initial outcomes of the Renault and Panasonic cases. Finally, the author formulates a number of demands which would contribute to strengthening the legal basis for effective codetermination and which should be borne in mind in the run-up to the revision of the Directive in autumn 1999.
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Williams, Christopher J. "Responding through transposition: public Euroskepticism and European policy implementation." European Political Science Review 10, no. 1 (2016): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773916000187.
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Do public attitudes concerning the European Union affect the speed with which member states transpose European directives? It is posited in this article that member state governments do respond to public attitudes regarding the EU when transposing European directives. Specifically, it is hypothesized that member state governments slow transposition of directives when aggregate public Euroskepticism is greater. This expectation is tested using extended Cox proportional hazard modeling and data derived from the EU’s legislative archives, the official journals of EU member states, and the Eurobarometer survey series. It is found that member state governments do slow transposition in response to higher aggregate public Euroskepticism. These findings have important implications for the study of European policy implementation, as well as for our understanding of political responsiveness in the EU.
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Hara, Michał. "Recent Council of Europe and European Union legislation on preventing terrorism and its impact on the criminal law of Member States the example of Poland." Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 52 (December 13, 2019): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.52.5.
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The paper seeks to draw comparisons between recent instruments adopted by the Council of Europe CoE and the European Union EU in the field of prevention of terrorism. The examined instruments are the CoE convention on the prevention of terrorism of 2005 with its additional protocol of 2015 and the EU’s 2017 directive on combating terrorism. The paper demonstrates the different scope of criminalisation required by these instruments, highlighting areas in which the EU’s legal regime is stricter, providing for criminalisation of a wider array of activities aiming to prepare for the commission of terrorist offences in particular with regard to public provocation, receiving terrorist training and terrorist travel. The paper then examines implementation of both sets of international instruments into a national legal system using the Polish transposition as an example. Both good and poor examples of implementation are presented. The former includes comprehensive criminalisation of public provocation to commit a terrorist offence and membership of a terrorist organisation, while the latter includes insufficient transposition of provisions requiring the criminalisation of receiving terrorist training and terrorist travel as well as introducing unwarranted powers of the public prosecutor to grant leniency to terrorist travellers.
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Koukiadaki, Aristea. "Reflexive law and the reformulation of EC-level employee consultation norms in the British systems of labour law and industrial relations." International Journal of Law in Context 5, no. 4 (2009): 393–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552309990231.
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The 2002/14/EC Directive establishing a general framework for informing and consulting employees in the European Community allowed considerable flexibility in transposition and implementation. Viewing – in line with reflexive law theory – the Directive as a key tool in allowing EC law to become embedded in the national legal and industrial relations systems, the paper assesses its transposition and impact in Britain. The very flexibility of the Directive made it possible for the British social systems to respond in an innovative way to the changing forms of employee representation. But the relative weakness of the regulatory design of the transposing legislation with regard to the nature of the legal obligations, the enforcement mechanism and the degree to which legal resources could be utilised by trade unions constrained the re-configuration of labour law and its coupling to employee representation arrangements traditionally associated with the British industrial relations system.
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Starke, Jan R., and Helena F. M. W. Van Rijswick. "Exemptions of the EU Water Framework Directive Deterioration Ban: Comparing Implementation Approaches in Lower Saxony and The Netherlands." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020930.
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The sustainable use of precious water resources requires effective water management. In the European Union, water management is mainly regulated by the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), introducing an integrated river basin management approach. As a European Union (EU) directive, the legislation needs to be implemented in the Member States, entailing not only legal transposition but also application and enforcement. One major instrument introduced by the Water Framework Directive is the environmental goal achievement obligation of article 4 WFD, containing also a deterioration ban with several exemptions. We compare the transposition, application, and enforcement of the exemption of permanent deterioration (art. 4 (7) WFD) in the context of the environmental goal achievement obligation regime in Lower Saxony (Germany) and the Netherlands. The study rests on a comparative legal analysis of literature, river basin management plans, and jurisprudence. Although based on the same EU directive wording and case law of the European Court of Justice, the deterioration ban and the exemption of permanent deterioration are implemented rather differently. While the deterioration ban is predominantly understood as planning obligation in the Netherlands, it became an important permit requirement in Lower Saxony since the Weser ruling of the European Court of Justice.
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Jabłoński, Michał. "The Danger of So-Called Regulatory ‘Gold-Plating’ in Transposition of EU Law – Lessons from Poland." Studia Iuridica 71 (November 20, 2017): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5815.
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Ukraine, just like Poland over thirteen years ago, is on its route to integration with the EU, which would also require a transposition of EU law into the domestic legal system. In fact, the experience of Poland and other Member States shows that transposition of EU law gives rise to several issues. One interesting aspect concerns so-called gold-plating – that is domestic legislation than goes beyond the requirements set forth in EU law. Usually, it results in a greater regulatory burden imposed on entrepreneurs. The paper discusses three examples of such gold-plating regulations in Polish law – being a consequence of implementation of the EU law. Generally speaking, gold-plating is a negative and unwelcome phenomenon. There exists extensive research that shows the cost of gold-plating for the Member States’ economies. Some of the Member States have introduced regulatory policies in order to avoid gold-plating. The analysis shows that there are several actions that need to be performed to restrict the incidence of gold-plating.
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Chirieac, Roxana. "Fiducia-warranty in the Romanian law - a possible practical transposition from the French law?" Technium Social Sciences Journal 12 (September 28, 2020): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v12i1.1764.
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The fiducia is an institution of long standing tradition in the civil law systems, being regulated in these ever since the roman law period. But, by the assuming the Napoleon French Civil Code, the fiducia was taken out of the regulations of our country, until the entry into force of the 2011 Civil Code. Then, our legislator decided to acquire the French regulations and reintroduce in the national regulations the fiducia institution. Unfortunately, the institution did not come to know success – although meant to compete with the Anglo-Saxon trust, at the present moment there are up to 200 fiducia registered in Romania. On the opposite side, almost 20% of Americans owns a type of trust. The circumstances in Romania are similar to those in France, where the current regulation of the fiducia was „conceived”, where scholars as well as practitioners have tried the implementation of different variations of the fiducia in order to make the institution applicable. Thus were created fiducia-warranty (fiducie sûreté), fiducia management (fiducie gestion), and scholars have spoke about fiducia concessionary (fiducie libéralité). The present study aims to analyse the fiducia warranty institution and to suggest a „transposition” of this practice in the Romanian legislation. We do not consider that the fiducia will generate as much enthusiasm as the trust, that is much more flexible in its constitution as well as its exploitation, but we consider that it may develop its application in our national legislation.
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Riedel, Rafał. "Patient’s Cross-border Mobility Directive: Application, Performance and Perceptions Two Years after Transposition." Baltic Journal of European Studies 6, no. 2 (2016): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2016-0012.
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Abstract This paper seeks to analyse the directive on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare. Two years after the transposition, it is time for first evaluations of its application, performance and perception. The analysis consists of three major elements: reconstruction of the legal scope and subject matter of the new legislation, conclusions of the evaluative reports monitoring its implementation and performance as well as the public opinion polls revealing the EU citizens’ perception of its details. These three components combined together deliver a picture of the state of play about the pan-European cross-border patients’ mobility. The bottomline conclusions negatively verify the supposition present in some earlier literature on patients’ cross-border mobility that the directive has a transformative potential leading towards the creation of truly competitive pan-European medical market. After two years of its operation, there is still no increased patients’ mobility across EU internal borders observed. As regards the speculations for the future, there are only some weak symptoms identified and they may result in intensified cross-border mobility for healthcare.
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Savchuk, Sergiy. "Special aspects of legal regulation of fixed-term employment contracts of some European countries." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.2.2020.54.
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The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in legal regulation of fixed-term employment contracts. Fixed-termemployment contracts should be considered as one of the earliest and, accordingly, the oldest forms of non-standard employment. Tur -ning to the concept of the application of fixed-term employment contracts in Ukraine in the near future, it seems appropriate to consider the possibility of their further development through the prism of studying European experience. Indeed, in many European countriesthe fixed-term contracts are quite common and therefore analysis of both positive and negative examples of their legal regulation willbe useful for the future development of labour legislation in Ukraine.The article features an analysis of the relevant legislation of the United Kingdom, Estonia, Italy, Poland and France. It is concludedthat the membership of these states in the European Union has had a significant impact on the evolution of national labour le -gislation. This also applies to the United Kingdom, which had been part of this economic and political union for a long time.The transposition of EU legislation into national law by these countries predetermines the existence of common features betweenthem in the legal regulation of fixed-term employment contracts. This common features include: clear time limits of the employmentcontract, maximum allowable number of renewals enshrined in law, compliance with the principle of non-discrimination, etc.In turn, the implementation of fixed-term employment relationships in each country differs in its uniqueness, which is due to thedomestic tradition of their implementation. For example, in the United Kingdom, the dismissal of an employee due to the expiration ofthe employment contract is considered through the lens of fairness of the employer’s actions, while in Italy the number of fixed-termemployment contracts with a particular employer cannot exceed 30 %.The above circumstances should be taken into account by Ukraine when reforming labour legislation. Indeed, the need to implementCouncil Directive 1999/70/EC is clearly provided for in clauses 1139 and 1140 of the Action Plan for the implementation of theAssociation Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and theirmember states, on the other hand, approved by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1106, of 25.10.2017.
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Obradovikj Grncarovska, Teodora, Vladimir Dukovski, and Manu Sharma. "An integrated product policy decision framework." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 25, no. 1 (2014): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-05-2013-0046.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to formulate an integrated product policy (IPP) framework for the Republic of Macedonia, taking into account unique circumstances faced by the country, particularly the mandatory transposition of European Union (EU) environmental legislation, limited country-specific data availability and the low level of environmental awareness. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed IPP indicators at EU level and the available indicators in Macedonian conditions were used in order to create a composite IPP index as a method of measurement of the level of IPP implementation in the country. Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are used as a policy decision approach for IPP. The purpose is to evaluate what decisions (taken now and in the future) would lead to the best possible level of IPP implementation. The approach applicability for long-term policy planning is demonstrated using a simple numerical example. Findings – A stylized numerical example utilizing the composite IPP index and the MDP approach indicate that policy makers should focus not only on transposing the mandatory EU legislation related to IPP, but simultaneously work to raise public awareness of IPP and environmental issues, since this opens the door for more beneficial policy alternatives in the future. Considering the long-term consequences of actions taken in the present time should be an essential part of policy design, given the pervasive and long-term nature of the effects of IPP policy. It is also very important to revisit the assumptions at regular intervals and incorporate into this framework the new learning and data obtained with time. Originality/value – This IPP framework and quantitative policy decision approach, in spite of its limitations, is a valuable and informative guide for IPP policy makers in the Republic of Macedonia. By incorporating a long-term view, explicit measurement of progress towards IPP implementation and the consideration of possible future consequences of policy decisions made in the present, it should be possible to significantly increase the likelihood of successful IPP implementation and improve environmental outcomes than those obtained using more conventional approaches.
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RAZQUIN LIZARRAGA, José Antonio. "El nuevo régimen de los recursos en los contratos públicos y su implantación en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco." RVAP 92, no. 92 (April 30, 2012): 125–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.92.2012.04.
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LABURPENA: Lan honetan, kontratazio publikoaren arloko errekurtso-araubide berria aztertzen da, 2007/66/EE Zuzentaraua jasotzeko emandako 34/2010 Legearen bidez kontratu publikoei buruzko legeria berritu eta Sektore Publikoko Kontratuei buruzko Legearen testu bateginari egokitu ostean. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan nola ezarri den analizatzen da bereziki, kontratuen inguruko errekurtsoei buruzko epaitegi edo organoak eratu baitira bertan. RESUMEN: Este trabajo estudia el nuevo régimen de los recursos en materia de contratación pública tras la reforma de la legislación de contratos públicos por la Ley 34/2010 para incorporar la Directiva 2007/66/CE, con adaptación al texto refundido de la Ley de Contratos del Sector Público. Se analiza especialmente su implantación en Euskadi donde se han creado y constituido efectivamente órganos o tribunales de recursos contractuales. ABSTRACT: This paper studies the revision of review procedures to public procurement after the amendments to public procurement legislation by the Act 34/2010 in order to transposition of Directive 2007/66/EC. It specially analyses the implementation in Euskadi, where some public procurement tribunals have been created.
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Geelhoed, Pim. "Transposition of European Legislation into Prosecution Policy Guidelines: The Example of the Dutch Implementation of the Framework Decision on the Standing of Victims in Criminal Proceedings." New Journal of European Criminal Law 1, no. 3 (2010): 328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/203228441000100305.
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Pircher, Brigitte. "Member states’ opposition in the Council of the European Union and its impacts on the implementation of directives." Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft 46, no. 3 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/ozp.1896.vol46iss3.
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In the Council of the European Union (EU), a qualified majority is mostly required to adopt legislative acts. Based on this majority rule, individual member states can be outvoted and are subsequently obliged to implement the law. This article analyses whether opposition in the Council of the EU affects the transposition of directives into national law by using the example of Austria from 2000 to 2008. The results demonstrate that domestic factors, rather than a negative political attitude, were responsible for delays and procedures when implementing previously contested directives. However, the effects of opposition in the Council on implementation were particularly apparent in cases where there was a high degree of misfit between EU provisions and the domestic legal structure.
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Lipińska, Izabela. "Prawo o zdrowiu zwierząt." Przegląd Prawa Rolnego, no. 1(24) (July 7, 2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ppr.2019.24.1.3.
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The subject of the article is the issues related to the implementation of EU legal solutions concerning the protection of the health of farm animals, while the purpose of the considerations is to evaluate the legal regulation adopted to implement the package of measures aimed at animal health that have been in place since 2013, and propose the direction of necessary changes in the national legislation in this area. The new animal health legislation entails the amendment or repeal of a number of national provisions on animal disease control, in particular those which were transpositions of directives and EU decisions now repealed. The legal instruments provided for in the regulation are expected to contribute to the achievement of a fully integrated internal market and to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, provided that the existing animal health status is maintained as far as possible.
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Polášek, Josef, Marek Polášek, and Petr Mitáček. "Analysis of the influence of actual changes in the European legislation transposition on conformity assessment methodologies for wooden non-structural products." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, no. 2 (2006): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654020161.
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Conformity Assessment of construction products is in accordance with EU concepts enabling free movement of goods within member states. The construction products (i.e. also construction product based on wood) which are liable to conformity assessment are listed in the Governmental Decree No. 312/2005 Coll. and Governmental Decree No. 190/2002 Coll. (technical requirements for construction products with CE marking). The European harmonised standards (both issued and prepared) have immediate influence on methodologies of Conformity Assessment. Methodologies and requirements on products during this process implicate also requirements on Notified Bodies and producers. The aim of the first stage of the research was to analyse the present state in this field and relations taking place during preparation and implementations of harmonised standards.
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Martyniuk, Olga, and Teresa Martyniuk. "The application of simplified financial reporting for micro and small enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe." Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości 107, no. 163 (2020): 137–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2469.
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Micro- and small enterprises (MSE) have come to constitute the most dynamic element of growth in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Only through transparent reporting and com-municating information on sustainability work and performance can MSEs build their reputation and trust, attract new capital, and develop a competitive advantage. The paper aims to provide a cross-country analysis of the financial-reporting requirements concerning MSEs, a few years after the introduction of Directive 2013/34/EU. The paper focuses on the transposition of the Directive into the national laws of sixteen CEE-region countries. The objectives have been achieved through a systematic review of the current academic literature, and an analysis of national legislation and questionnaires developed for academics. It turned out that a country’s political status does not affect the implementation of the Di-rective. Moreover, although the Directive allows countries to take the specific conditions of their markets into account when making decisions regarding the size thresholds and a simplified accounting regime, most CEE countries have applied standard definitions and requirements. As a consequence, in almost all CEE countries, about 90% of entities may draw up abridged financial reports, which significantly limits the use of financial statements for decision making.
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Popa, Ioan Gabriel, and Leontin Stanciu. "Short Considerations On The Integrated Defense Procurement Management System Of Romania." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 2 (2015): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0059.
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Abstract In the current context and along with the emergence and implementation of the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 114/2011 regarding the award of certain public contracts in the fields of defense and security, ordinance imposing the mandatory application of art. 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union concerning the transposition of the Union’s directives, both purchases of products, works and services and the purchase of military products are regulated. In order to implement this ordinance, the MoD is “asked” to rethink the whole system of defense procurement. In my opinion, the current Integrated Defense Procurement Management System (IDAMS) consists of Technical-Operational Requirements System, Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Evaluation System, and Integrated Procurement Management System even if it has introduced a series of instructions, policies, principles and procedures based on defense procurements and respond only partially to the current reality specifically referring to the purchase of arms and ammunition from their own production and less to their procurement from external suppliers. For this reason, we believe that IDAMS must be known and understood, which is exactly what the article below intends to de, and ultimately, this system should be changed, the by amending general and specific legislation.
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Fayyad, Mahmoud. "The Transposition of the European Directive 85/374/EEC on Product Liability into Palestine and Jordan: Is it Adaptable to Islamic Law?" Global Journal of Comparative Law 1, no. 2 (2012): 194–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2211906x-00102003.
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The aim of this paper is to recommend the transposition of the European Directive 1985/374/EEC on product liability into the Palestinian and Jordanian legal systems. The application of this Directive concurs with many general objectives and consumer rights declared in both of the latter regimes; neither of these two legal systems provide for how those objectives and rights would be accomplished, so there are executive tools putting into practice the declared objectives. This is to say that neither jurisdiction makes any sense with regard to the subject of product liability. The transposition of the European measures into both regimes must take into consideration the general principles of civil law applicable in local legal systems in order to avoid legislative disharmony between imported and local rules. Islamic law represents the basis of civil codes applicable in both regimes; the Othman Justice Rules Record (El-Majalla), which dates back to 1876 and was the first attempt to codify Islamic rules of treatment is still applicable. To recommend the implementation of the European measures in the Palestinian and Jordanian legal systems, it is important to identify the supporting and contradicting points in Islamic jurisprudence. The main question of this paper is, how and to what extent is European Directive 1958/374/EEC applicable in Palestine and Jordan.
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Rudik, Oleksandr. "Better regulation in the EU and its member states: experience for Ukraine." Public administration and local government, no. 4(43) (December 25, 2019): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/101903.
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The article examines the experience of better regulation in the EU and its member states. The European Union and the 28 EU member states show a strong political commitment towards regulatory reform. In the European Union, regulatory policy has progressed under the better regulation agenda and played a crucial role in shaping the current regulatory processes. At the same time, all EU member states have adopted an explicit policy to promote the quality of regulations. To this end, the author analyses the key findings of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 2019 report «Better Regulation Practices across the European Union». In the report the OECD has analysed the application of all 28 EU member states’ regulatory management tools to EU-made laws and regulations. The article also gives examples of the best regulatory practices of the EU member states such as Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Sweden, the United Kingdom. The article concludes that the experience of the EU and its member states in developing and implementing a better regulation policy, in particular the better regulation agenda, is beneficial for Ukraine. In this regard, the article highlights the following legislative and institutional components of this experience: stakeholder engagement in the process of policymaking and regulatory policy implementation by automatically publishing of draft regulatory acts and accompanying impact assessments on the specially designed interactive government portal; highlighting the preliminary and final stages of regulatory impact assessment of all regulations, except for deregulatory and low-cost measures, thereby taking into account stakeholder comments; regular and systematic conduct of ex ante and ex-post evaluation of laws and regulations on the basis of a specially developed sound evidence-based methodology; conducting of regulatory impact assessment and stakeholder engagement during the process of EU directives transposition into member states’ national legislation; introduction of systematic regulatory oversight and quality control of regulatory management tools, which should cover not only regulatory impact assessment practice but also stakeholder engagement.
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Chankova, Dobrinka, and Gergana Georgieva. "Towards Coherent European Crime Victims Policies and Practices." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 2 (2019): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0067.
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Abstract This study explores the latest developments on the European scale of the policies and practices towards victims of crime. Due to many economic and political factors a lot of people are in movement and exposed to the risk of becoming victims of crime. During the last decade the statistics already records enhanced victimization of the global European society. These have provoked numerous legislative actions and practical initiatives in order to ensure safety, to prevent falling victims to crime and to protect better victim’s rights and needs. The European Protection Order Directive, Victims’ Directive and Convention against domestic violence, are among the most advanced legal acts worldwide. However, it is observed that their implementation in Europe is asymmetric and sometimes problematic. This paper explores the role of the national governments and specialized agencies and mainly the deficits in their activities leading to the non-usage of victims of all the existing opportunities. The newest supra-national acts aiming at the acceleration of transposition and ratification of these important for the building of victim-friendly environment documents, are discussed. Practical recommendations for a more effective victim protection are developed.
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Calero Olmos, Juan Bautista. "La protección europea contra las cláusulas abusivas. Directiva 93/13/CEE y su integración en el marco regulatorio español | European protection against unfair clauses. Directive 93/13/EEC and its integration into the spanish legislation." REVISTA ESTUDIOS INSTITUCIONALES 7, no. 12 (2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/eeii.vol.7.n.12.2020.27334.
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El desarrollo económico global de los años sesenta del siglo pasado, junto con la implantación del mercado común europeo, trajo consigo el incremento de transacciones comerciales entre grandes corporaciones empresariales y los ciudadanos residentes en la Unión europea provocadas por la distribución de bienes y servicios necesarios. Las formas contractuales cambian, y se imponen los contratos de adhesión como la mejor manera de concretar estas nuevas transacciones. La posición predominante del empresario ante el consumidor necesitado de estos bienes y servicios provocó situaciones de abuso que fueron trasladadas a las cláusulas contractuales mermando los derechos básicos de los perceptores de bienes y servicios, esto es, de los ciudadanos europeos. La reacción de las instituciones de gobierno de la Unión Europea no se hizo esperar con la promulgación de resoluciones legales a favor de recomponer el desequilibrio contractual, entre otras, la Directiva 93/13/CEE de obligada incorporación inmediata en los países miembros. En España, esta trasposición de la Directiva se realizó con una doble regulación a través de la Ley de Condiciones Generales de la Contratación que modificó, a su vez la Ley General de defensa de los consumidores. En ambas, se contemplaron instrumentos de defensa procesal a través tanto de acciones individuales como colectivas._______________________The overall economic development of the sixties of the last century, together with the implementation of the European common market, led to the increase in commercial transactions between large business corporations and citizens residing in the European Union caused by the distribution of necessary goods and services. Contractual forms change, and accession contracts are imposed as the best way to implement these new transactions. The predominant position of the employer to the consumer in need of these goods and services caused situations of abuse that were transferred to the contractual clauses, under reducing the basic rights of the recipients of goods and services, that is, of European citizens. The reaction of the governing institutions of the European Union was not expected with the enactment of legal rulings in favour of recomposing the contractual imbalance, inter alia, Directive 93/13/EEC which must be immediately incorporated into the Member States. In Spain, this transposition of the Directive was carried out with a double regulation through the Law on General Conditions of Contract that, in turn, amended the General Law on the Defense of Consumers. Both instruments of procedural defence were envisaged through both individual and collective actions.
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Sprycha, Andrzej. "Processing Personal Data by the Police in the Light of Changes in EU Law." Internal Security 9, no. 2 (2018): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1715.
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In implementing their statutory tasks the Police can acquire a whole range of personal information, including sensitive data. This usually has a direct relation with combating crime. Therefore, such powers might be implemented without the knowledge and consent of persons to whom the information (data) concerns. Because police activities cause serious and profound intrusion into the sphere of a person’s private life, whose protection is guaranteed by the Constitution, they must be carried out within the limits strictly permitted by law. When discussing national regulations in force which control the issue of personal data protection, one must also take into consideration EU regulations. First of all the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27th April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and the European Parliament and Council Directive (EU) 2016/680 of 27th April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data. This directive, commonly known as the police directive, constitutes regulations on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences and execution of penalties. The national legislator faces a difficult task of implementation of the above-mentioned European legal acts, all the more so because the choice of particular solutions, to be adopted in their transposition to the legislative and implementing provisions, still remains an open issue. The adopted solutions ought to, on the one hand, ensure coherence with national regulations that implement them, on the other hand, they ought to cause the appropriate adjustment of the Polish law regulations to their requirements. The article presents the normative contents and remarks regarding appropriate, consistent with EU law processing of personal data by the Police.
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CASADO CASADO, Lucía, and Josep Ramon FUENTES I GASO. "La inspección ambiental en la Directiva 2010/75/UE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 24 de noviembre, de emisiones industriales, y en la normativa española de transposición." RVAP 97, no. 97 (December 30, 2013): 291–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.97.2013.08.
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LABURPENA: Lan honetan, Europako Parlamentuaren eta Kontseiluaren 2010/75/EB Zuzentarauaren eragina aztertzen da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, Zuzentarauaren inguruabarrak eta alderdi azpimarragarrienak adierazten dira, eta, ondoren, ingurumen-ikuskaritzaren araubidean murgiltzen da. Oso gai berria da, ingurumen-ikuskaritzari buruzko gutxieneko araudi bat sortu den lehenengo aldia baita; orain arte, arau-baliorik gabeko Europako gomendio bat besterik ez zegoen. Hain zuzen ere, Estatu kideei gai horretan ezarritako betebeharrak aztertzen dira lanean; instalazioen gaineko ingurumen-ikuskaritzako sistema bat ezartzekoa, eta aurrezarritako ingurumen ikuskaritzako programen oinarrian egongo diren ikuskaritza planak osatzekoa, instalazioak bisitatzeko maiztasuna instalazioaren beraren motaren arabera finkatuta. Era berean, Zuzentaraua Espainiara egokitzeari buruzko oharrak egiten dira, aintzat hartuta orain dela gutxi ekainaren 11ko 5/2013 Legea onartu dela, kutsaduraren prebentzio eta kontrol integratuari buruzko uztailaren 1eko 16/2002 Legea eta hondakinen eta lurzoru kutsatuen gaineko uztailaren 28ko 22/2011 Legea aldatzen dituena. Lege berri horren eta egun izapidetzen ari diren garapen-erregelamenduen bidez, bermatuta geldituko da Zuzentarauaren egokitzea. RESUMEN: Este trabajo analiza el impacto de la Directiva 2010/75/UE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 24 de noviembre de 2010, sobre las emisiones industriales en el régimen jurídico de la inspección ambiental. Con este fin, tras realizar una aproximación general a esta Directiva y señalar sus aspectos más destacables, se centra en el examen de la regulación de la inspección ambiental en ella contenida, aspecto muy novedoso por ser la primera vez que se incluye una regulación mínima de la inspección ambiental, que hasta ahora únicamente había sido objeto —a nivel comunitario— de una recomendación sin valor normativo, en una Directiva. Concretamente, se analizan las obligaciones establecidas para los Estados miembros en esta materia, que se traducen principalmente en la obligación de establecer un sistema de inspección medioambiental de las instalaciones y de formular planes de inspección a partir de los cuales se elaborarán programas de inspección medioambiental prefijada, que incluyan la frecuencia de las visitas a los emplazamientos para los distintos tipos de instalaciones. También se realizan algunos apuntes sobre la transposición de esta Directiva en España, teniendo en cuenta que recientemente se ha aprobado la Ley 5/2013, de 11 de junio, por la que se modifican la Ley 16/2002, de 1 de julio, de prevención y control integrados de la contaminación y la Ley 22/2011, de 28 de julio, de residuos y suelos contaminados, que, junto con su reglamento de desarrollo —actualmente en trámite—, garantizará la transposición de la Directiva. ABSTRACT: This study analyses the impact of Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and the Council, of 24 November 2010, on industrial emissions on the legislation governing environmental inspection. To this end, after providing a general discussion of the Directive and pointing out its most outstanding features, we focus on the regulation of environmental inspection that it contains. This is its most novel feature because it is the first time that a minimal regulation of environmental inspection has been included in a directive (to date, within the community, it had only been the object of a recommendation of no normative value). In particular, our study focuses on the obligations of the member states in this area, which are largely to set up a system by which installations can be environmentally inspected and inspection plans drafted on the basis of which programmes for routine environmental inspection will be drawn up that include the frequency of site visits for different types of installations. Also discussed is the transposition of the Directive in Spain, bearing in mind that Law 5/2013, of 11 June, has recently been passed to modify Law 16/2002, of 1 July, on the integrated prevention and control of pollution, and Law 22/2011, of 28 July on waste and polluted soil which, in conjunction with their regulation for implementation, guarantee the transposition of the Directive.
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Cron, Alan H. "From legislation to implementation." Journal of Educational Administration 54, no. 1 (2016): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-06-2014-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the leadership practice of an 11-member district team of educators assembled to respond to one of the most comprehensive bullying laws in the nation – the Massachusetts Anti-Bullying Law of 2010. This three-year case study provides school leaders and legislators with an in-depth, fine-grained analysis of how leadership was practiced by a district team of de facto leaders charged with implementing mandatory legislative policy throughout a six-school, 5,000-student, K-12 public school district. Design/methodology/approach – This three-year case study employed an analytical, distributed leadership framework to identify, categorize, and analyze key artifacts used by a team to design and implement system-wide the comprehensive requirements of legislation. Using Weft qualitative data analysis software and the open, axial, and selective coding guidelines of Strauss and Corbin, data from semi-structured interviews and document analysis revealed a number of hidden structural considerations exerting significant influence on the leadership practice of the team. Findings – Findings from this study suggest that leadership is perhaps more fluid than previously theorized. Defining leadership as a force that moves between and among organizational stakeholders (as opposed to a person or position), this study identified a number of structural considerations exerting influence on the leadership practice of a team. Furthermore, this study suggests that foreknowledge of these structural considerations may help to foster organizational learning, to leverage preexisting social and intellectual capital, and to more successfully navigate the requirements of complex organizational change such as legislative mandates and standards-based reform. Research limitations/implications – Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to replicate this study in other school districts or large organizations who are responding to state or federal legislation. Practical implications – The paper includes implications for state and local educational leaders as they struggle with the increased demands of standards-based educational reform. Social implications – This study has implications for those seeking to understand how legislation is received and assimilated by schools as well as those seeking a greater understanding of formal and informal leadership. Originality/value – This paper fulfills an identified need to study how leadership is practiced in response to standards-based state and federal legislation.
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Anker, H. T., K. de Graaf, R. Purdy, and L. Squintani. "Coping with EU Environmental Legislation--Transposition Principles and Practices." Journal of Environmental Law 27, no. 1 (2015): 17–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jel/equ033.
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Kaeding, Michael. "Necessary conditions for the effective transposition of EU legislation." Policy & Politics 36, no. 2 (2008): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557308783995026.
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Thomann, Eva. "Customizing Europe: transposition as bottom-up implementation." Journal of European Public Policy 22, no. 10 (2015): 1368–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1008554.
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König, Thomas, and Brooke Luetgert. "Troubles with Transposition? Explaining Trends in Member-State Notification and the Delayed Transposition of EU Directives." British Journal of Political Science 39, no. 1 (2009): 163–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123408000380.
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EC directives must be transposed into the national legal order of the member states within a specified deadline. Although member states are obliged to notify their transposition measures, they often fail to comply with these deadlines. Distinguishing between domestic and EU-related factors, this study examines transposition failure and delay of EC directives from 1986 to 2002. Notification failure is found to be more likely when there is conflict between the member states during the EU legislative process. National patterns of transposition timeliness are shown to vary significantly, and higher levels of complexity and increased use of parliamentary legislation, as well as more federalist and pluralist structures, contribute to delayed compliance.
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Kelly, Barry. "Disabilities Legislation Implementation in American Universities." Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 18, no. 2 (1996): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1360080960180207.
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Hyatt, Robert M., and Timothy Mann. "A LOCKLESS TRANSPOSITION-TABLE IMPLEMENTATION FOR PARALLEL SEARCH." ICGA Journal 25, no. 1 (2002): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/icg-2002-25104.
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CABIBBO, N., and P. S. PAOLUCCI. "SIMD ALGORITHM FOR MATRIX TRANSPOSITION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 06, no. 02 (1995): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183195000149.
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Prikhodko, Volodymyr. "JUSTIFICATION OF NEED I TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE GENDER ASPECT SPORTS TRAINING SYSTEM." Sports Bulletin of the Dnieper 1 (2020): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32540/2071-1476-2019-1-118.
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Introduction. The issue of gender equality in sport is multidimensional, requiring a variety of research, drafting relevant legislation and regulations, and training professionals to work at different levels, educated on gender issues. Meanwhile, the key issue for the topic of the formation of a modern system of training athletes, taking into account the culture of gender relations remains insufficiently elaborated at the level of theory in Ukraine, although it must preempt, direct the actions of various practitioners who are otherwise compelled to act, based on foreign experience and sound experience. Research purpose. Substantiation of the need and consideration of gender in the system of sports training in Ukraine. Research methods and materials. The complex of methods of theoretical research (generalization of literature, materials from the Internet, content of previous own scientific developments, abstraction, idealization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction), as well as questioning on the developed author's questionnaire were used. As a result of the coaches' survey, 62 correctly completed questionnaires were obtained. Results. The stage of gender socialization in adulthood facilitates the revision of norms and patterns of genderrelated behavior and some adjustment of personality traits, but the formation of personality traits in a particular activity continues. In adulthood, masculine sports contribute to increasing courage, firmness, and self-control in women; increasing dominance, self-control, and reducing anxiety in men. Feminine species contribute to women's decline in dominance, increasing anxiety, non-conformism, increasing stereotypical views on qualities inherent in men and women in society; whereas men develop straightforwardness and emotional stability. It is known that the general fundamentals of sports training, presented by the theory of sport, are common to men and women. However, some factors, such as socio-psychological, as well as the characteristics of women's body make some conditioning in their training. It is therefore very important, when preparing national and regional programs aimed at the development of physical culture and sports, to take into account not only age, but also gender, as a guarantee of ensuring the prerequisites for creating equal opportunities for access to sports and fair distribution of public funds for this sphere of life society. Conclusions. 1. The gender components of sport theory, which carry information about the real processes of socio-sexual relations in the field of sport, are now the result of extrapolation of the basic provisions of general gender science to sport theory and thus are included in the structure of sport theory. However, the problem of the direct transposition of gender perspectives into the field of sport only indicates that there is an objective need to gain new knowledge at the frontier of general gender and to study gender-specific sport issues. 2. Due to the variety of forms of exercise, the sport sector needs further exploration for optimal implementation of the gender approach, including conducting gender studies to address existing social and socio-psychological problems. Yes, there is a gender disparity issue with gender roles chosen by women in sports, and this can create conflicting life situations that go beyond the professional responsibilities of coaches. The principle of taking into account the sociogender identity of a person is poorly taken into account in sport, as evidenced by the opening up of opportunities for women to engage in almost all masculine sports, because at present the concepts of implementation of this principle in sport have not been developed or implemented. 3. Therefore, there is a societal need, both for continued research and for qualified specialists trained in the gender components of sports theory and practice, who are able to apply this knowledge to the development of the sports movement, as well as to improve the level of knowledge of students in specialized higher education institutions that complicated by the practical lack of software and methodological support of the educational process at the level of systematic integration of the principles of sports theory and gender in the field of sports. 4. Based on the above, in the current context, it is possible to recommend to the broad practice, which should be specified by the available exceptions (conscious personal preferences and needs of boys and girls to the selected sport), classes that are more suitable for the sex. Keywords: gender, athlete's personality, gender aspect in the system of sports training, masculinity, femininity, antagonistic sports, synergistic sports, autonomous sports.
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McCowan, Tristan. "Curricular transposition in citizenship education." Theory and Research in Education 6, no. 2 (2008): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878508091109.
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The considerable debate in recent years on the aims of citizenship education has not been accompanied by an equally substantial discussion on the educational processes involved.This article puts forward a theoretical framework, referred to as `curricular transposition', for understanding the complex task of realizing normative ideals of citizenship through education. The framework highlights four stages in the educational process: the ideals and aspirations underlying an initiative; the curricular programme designed to achieve them; the programme's implementation in practice; and its effects on students. The `leaps' between these stages — involving movement between ends and means and between ideal and real — are highly problematic.These ideas are explored in the context of an empirical case: the `Voter of the Future' programme in Brazil. Disjunctures are observed at the different stages — in particular, a lack of `harmony' between ends and means, and a lack of teacher ownership of the initiative in the process of implementation — leading to divergence between the initial aims and actual effects. Finally, broader implications of the curricular transposition framework for citizenship education are drawn out.
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Radulović, Srđan. "(Un)necessary implementation of breed-specific legislation." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta Nis 57, no. 81 (2018): 349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfni1881349r.
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Steyn, Lala. "1993 land legislation: its implications and implementation." Review of African Political Economy 21, no. 61 (1994): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056249408704074.
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Charlier, Roger H. "Environmental impact legislation assessments and audits: national legislation and EIA implementation in Belgium." International Journal of Environmental Studies 51, no. 1 (1996): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239608711067.
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Plakolli-Kasumi, Luljeta. "Some preliminary findings regarding Kosovo legislation in the field of consumer protection with special emphasis in arbitration clauses in consumers contracts." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 57, no. 3 (2020): 875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2020.57.137.875.
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Although the Kosovo Law on Consumer Protection has been harmonized with the EU Directive on Unfair Contract Terms, several inconsistencies are still prevalent in other pieces of legislation, which in turn diminish the effective protection of consumers in line with the aim of the said Directive. The present paper aims at introducing some preliminary findings of the author’s doctoral thesis which can serve as a basis for further improvement of the existing legislation in the field of consumer protection. Full harmonization of the consumer protection legislation with the Unfair Terms Directive entails not only the verbatim transposition of the said Directive into one piece of legislation but an alignment of the entire legislative framework to this end, as well as the development of the court practice in line with the CJEU case-law.
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Kenyon MacGregor, Robert, and Radka MacGregor Pelikánová. "The nature and meaning of the Directive 2013/34/EU on financial statements according to the CJ EU." Central European Economic Journal 6, no. 53 (2020): 246–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceej-2019-0014.
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AbstractThe Directive 2013/34/EU is a fundamental part of European Union (EU) legislation harmonising the regime of financial and non-financial reporting throughout the entire EU, including reporting about corporate social responsibility (CSR). Inasmuch as its transposition deadline expired in 2015, it is possible and also highly elucidating to holistically study its nature and actual transposition. A related literature summing up, accompanied with a legislation and transposition review compiled via the EUR-Lex database, makes for a solid foundation for a holistic and critical exploration of the related case law of the ultimate judicial authority for the interpretation and application of the Directive 2013/34/EU, namely the Court of Justice of the EU (CJ EU). Researching this case law within the Curia database brings forth an interesting meta-analysis, refreshed by Socratic questioning, which reveals the approach of the CJ EU to the Directive 2013/34/EU. The hypothesis suggests that this case law of the CJ EU offers valuable and as-yet hitherto-neglected indices, signifiers about the EU conforming to the perception of the nature and meaning of the Directive 2013/34/EU. These indices could be pivotal for further improvement of the harmonized regime of financial and non-financial reporting, for the boosting of CSR and also for supporting European integration and its legitimacy.
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Lantschner, Emma. "Indicators for Monitoring Implementation of EU Equality Directives." Review of Central and East European Law 45, no. 4 (2020): 444–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730352-bja10038.
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Abstract The present article discusses the usefulness of indicators in monitoring not only the legal transposition but also the practical implementation of the two Equality Directives adopted in 2000. It focuses on those provisions of the Directives which have assigned a particular role to ngos, both in reacting to discrimination as well as in preventing discrimination and promoting equality. Indicators have been developed on the basis of a comparative review of transposition and implementation, including case studies on Romania, Hungary and Croatia. Considering the great potential of ngos in contributing to achieve the aims of the Directives and the current worrying trends as to how they are supported in (or obstructed from) taking up their role, the article proposes using these indicators not only in the pre-accession context but also for regular monitoring of all EU member states.
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Koski, Sari M., Pirjo Laitinen-Parkkonen, and Marja Airaksinen. "Evolution of European Union legislation of herbal medicinal products and its transposition to national legislation in 1965-2007: case Finland." International Journal of Health Planning and Management 30, no. 3 (2013): 260–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2233.
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Golovko, Liudmyla, Maksym Kutsevych, Viktoriia Serediuk, and Olga Bogdan. "Implementation of EU Environmental Policy in Ukraine: Directions and Perspectives." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 4 (2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n4p191.
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The purpose of our article is to investigate the process of approximation of Ukrainian environmental legislation to EU law. The range of issues that Ukraine has reformed in the field of environment has been investigated. The state of compliance of Ukrainian environmental legislation with the commitments under the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement was revealed. The problems of further effective application in practice of the adopted regulatory legal acts, strategies and action plans were disclosed. Particular attention was paid to water legislation and legislation in the field of waste management. The current state of the sphere of solid waste management in Ukraine was revealed. The state of adaptation of Ukrainian water legislation to the requirements of the European Union law has been investigated. Ways to improve Ukraine's environmental policy on waste and water policy based on European experience were substantiated. The methods of comparative law, statistical, analytical and logical analysis were used.
 Keywords: EU Environmental policy, environmental law, EU water policy, EU waste policy, Ukrainian environmental legislation
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Rzabay, Aktoty, Lazzat Yerkinbayeva, Kuat Baimyrzayev, Aigerim Ozenbayeva, Alina Borodina, and Maryia Zhomartkyzy. "Implementation of International Norms in National Environmental Legislation." Environmental Policy and Law 49, no. 6 (2020): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-190192.
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Gui, Luyi, Atalay Atasu, Özlem Ergun, and L. Beril Toktay. "Efficient Implementation of Collective Extended Producer Responsibility Legislation." Management Science 62, no. 4 (2016): 1098–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2163.
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Lazaryev, Valyeriy. "Doctrine of Implementation of Judicial Decisions in Legislation." Journal of Russian Law 7, no. 7 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/jrl.2019.7.1.
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