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1

Lotova, N. A. "The solar wind transsonic region." Solar Physics 117, no. 2 (1988): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00147255.

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2

Adarchenko, V. A., and S. M. Voronin. "Transsonic accretion modes with density jumps." Doklady Physics 60, no. 8 (August 2015): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028335815080017.

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3

Goedbloed, J. P>. "Transsonic Instabilities in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas." Physica Scripta T107, no. 5 (2004): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1238/physica.topical.107a00159.

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4

Kolesnik, Igor G., and Yaroslav Yu Ohul'chansky. "Hierarchical fragmented structure of molecular clouds produced by supersonic turbulence." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 147 (1991): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900199346.

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For GMC's the two prominent properties are typical. They consist of dense molecular gas clumps concentrating to the GMC centre and filling only a few percent of a total volume. And these clumps participate in chaotic motions with velocities vt exceeding as a rule the sound velocity co at the temperature of molecular gas. This phenomenon is considered as a supersonic molecular cloud's turbulence. The compressibility of turbulent matter becomes very important with such velocities. Thus in application to GMC it is necessary to develop the theory of turbulence and fragmentation under transsonic and supersonic random motions. The hydrodynamic flow velocity field can be divided into the potential and vortical components. When transsonic or supersonic motions prevail the potential component is become more important that stimulates the shock wave's stochastic field development. Ohul'chansky (1988, Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies 4,3) has described this process on the base of Burgers' equation treatment. In this paper we apply this approach for conditions of GMCs that permit the supersonic turbulence' spectrum evolution, the large density fluctuations development, and clumps formation to consider.
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5

Kolesnik, Igor G., and Yaroslav Yu Ohul'chansky. "Hierarchical fragmented structure of molecular clouds produced by supersonic turbulence." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 147 (1991): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090023996x.

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For GMC's the two prominent properties are typical. They consist of dense molecular gas clumps concentrating to the GMC centre and filling only a few percent of a total volume. And these clumps participate in chaotic motions with velocities vt exceeding as a rule the sound velocity co at the temperature of molecular gas. This phenomenon is considered as a supersonic molecular cloud's turbulence. The compressibility of turbulent matter becomes very important with such velocities. Thus in application to GMC it is necessary to develop the theory of turbulence and fragmentation under transsonic and supersonic random motions. The hydrodynamic flow velocity field can be divided into the potential and vortical components. When transsonic or supersonic motions prevail the potential component is become more important that stimulates the shock wave's stochastic field development. Ohul'chansky (1988, Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies 4,3) has described this process on the base of Burgers' equation treatment. In this paper we apply this approach for conditions of GMCs that permit the supersonic turbulence' spectrum evolution, the large density fluctuations development, and clumps formation to consider.
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6

Fürst, J., and K. Kozel. "Numerical Solution of the Transsonic Flows through a Turbine Cascade." PAMM 1, no. 1 (March 2002): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1617-7061(200203)1:1<524::aid-pamm524>3.0.co;2-b.

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7

Turolla, Roberto, and Luciano Nobili. "On the role of viscosity in spherically symmetric transsonic flows." Astrophysical Journal 342 (July 1989): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/167655.

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8

Lotova, N. A., and Ya V. Nagelys. "The investigation of the solar wind transsonic region at meter wavelengths." Solar Physics 117, no. 2 (1988): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00147256.

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9

Jacquet, M. J., T. Boulier, F. Claude, A. Maître, E. Cancellieri, C. Adrados, A. Amo, et al. "Polariton fluids for analogue gravity physics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2177 (July 20, 2020): 20190225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0225.

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Analogue gravity enables the study of fields on curved space–times in the laboratory. There are numerous experimental platforms in which amplification at the event horizon or the ergoregion has been observed. Here, we demonstrate how optically generating a defect in a polariton microcavity enables the creation of one- and two-dimensional, transsonic fluid flows. We show that this highly tuneable method permits the creation of horizons. Furthermore, we present a rotating geometry akin to the water-wave bathtub vortex. These experiments usher in the possibility of observing stimulated as well as spontaneous amplification by the Hawking, Penrose and Zeld’ovich effects in fluids of light. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The next generation of analogue gravity experiments’.
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10

DiFranco, Jeffery C., Peter D. Miller, and Benson K. Muite. "On the modified nonlinear schrödinger equation in the semiclassical limit: supersonic, subsonic, and transsonic behavior." Acta Mathematica Scientia 31, no. 6 (November 2011): 2343–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0252-9602(11)60405-0.

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11

Boreysho, A. S., A. B. Barkan, D. N. Vasil'ev, I. M. Evdokimov, and A. V. Savin. "Highly efficient cw chemical oxygen—iodine laser with transsonic iodine injection and a nitrogen buffer gas." Quantum Electronics 35, no. 6 (June 30, 2005): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2005v035n06abeh002866.

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12

Zubin, M. A., and N. A. Ostapenko. "Properties of the transsonic reverse stream of the turbulent-boundary-layer separation zone in supersonic conical flows." Doklady Physics 56, no. 5 (May 2011): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028335811050089.

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13

Wurster, James, and Benjamin T. Lewis. "Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics versus turbulence – I. Which is the dominant process in protostellar disc formation?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 4 (May 28, 2020): 3795–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1339.

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ABSTRACT Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is the dominant process. We investigate the effect of magnetic fields (ideal and non-ideal) and turbulence (sub- and transsonic) on the formation of circumstellar discs that form nearly simultaneously with the formation of the protostar. This is done by modelling the gravitational collapse of a 1 M⊙ gas cloud that is threaded with a magnetic field and imposed with both rotational and turbulent velocities. We investigate magnetic fields that are parallel/antiparallel and perpendicular to the rotation axis, two rotation rates, and four Mach numbers. Disc formation occurs preferentially in the models that include non-ideal MHD where the magnetic field is antiparallel or perpendicular to the rotation axis. This is independent of the initial rotation rate and level of turbulence, suggesting that subsonic turbulence plays a minimal role in influencing the formation of discs. Aside from first core outflows that are influenced by the initial level of turbulence, non-ideal MHD processes are more important than turbulent processes during the formation of discs around low-mass stars.
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14

Król, R., J. Chudek, A. Kolonko, J. Ziaja, J. Pawlicki, A. Wie̢cek, and L. Cierpka. "Intraoperative Resistance Index Measured With Transsonic Flowmeter on Kidney Graft Artery Can Predict Early and Long-term Graft Function." Transplantation Proceedings 43, no. 8 (October 2011): 2926–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.08.019.

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15

Zhang, Q., and P. M. Ligrani. "Numerical Predictions of Stanton Numbers, Skin Friction Coefficients, Aerodynamic Losses, and Reynolds Analogy Behavior for a Transsonic Turbine Vane." Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications 49, no. 3 (February 2006): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407780500324798.

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16

Wurster, James, and Benjamin T. Lewis. "Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics versus turbulence II: Which is the dominant process in stellar core formation?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 4 (May 28, 2020): 3807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1340.

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ABSTRACT Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is the dominant process. We investigate the effect of magnetic fields (ideal and non-ideal) and turbulence (sub- and transsonic) on the formation of protostars by following the gravitational collapse of 1 M⊙ gas clouds through the first hydrostatic core to stellar densities. The clouds are imposed with both rotational and turbulent velocities, and are threaded with a magnetic field that is parallel/antiparallel or perpendicular to the rotation axis; we investigate two rotation rates and four Mach numbers. The initial radius and mass of the stellar core are only weakly dependent on the initial parameters. In the models that include ideal MHD, the magnetic field strength implanted in the protostar at birth is much higher than observed, independent of the initial level of turbulence; only non-ideal MHD can reduce this strength to near or below the observed levels. This suggests that not only is ideal MHD an incomplete picture of star formation, but that the magnetic fields in low mass stars are implanted later in life by a dynamo process. Non-ideal MHD suppresses magnetically launched stellar core outflows, but turbulence permits thermally launched outflows to form a few years after stellar core formation.
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17

Łosińska, Joanna, and Maria Respondek-Liberska. "Extraordinary Bulging Mass in the Foetus - A Case Report of Bladder Exstrophy." Prenatal Cardiology 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcard-2018-0007.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Prenatal diagnosis of bladder exstrophy is extremley rare and difficult. BACKGROUND: Due to abnormal development of the cloacal membrane there is an incomplete closure of the lower abdominal wall, absence of the anterior wall of the bladder and external exposition of the posterior wall. The pubic bones are usually separated, the umbilical cord low inserted and there is abnormal external genitalia development. CASE REPORT: At 21st week of gestation of 39-year-old multigravida multipara referred by a primary care obstetrician to high-specialised centre for a detailed ultrasound examination with a suspicion of bladder absence and inferior umbilical localisation. At 29 weeks of gestation presence of bulging mass of 2 cm, between the umbilical outlet and labia was detected. At 31 weeks of gestation previously detected structure among thighs had 3 cm diameter with lateral umbilical outlet. Major labia were prominent and minor labia were within normal limits. Between two umbilical arteries with an appropriate intraabdominal course there were no transsonic area corresponding to the urinary bladder. The newborn baby was born at term in a good condition, but with an exposed bladder of 4 cm in diameter. The urethral outlet was not visualised and the female genitals were abnormal. After a month the girl underwent primary bladder exstrophy closure. Although she suffers from recurring urinary tract infections, she is in a good general condition. CONCLUSIONS: Due to prenatal diagnostics it was possible to detect and make an initial diagnosis of severe malformation. Early diagnosis allowed to prepare parents for a newborn with a defect and teach them how to take care of the baby.
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18

Liu, Y. J., Y. S. Wang, and Xi Chen Yang. "Study on Wear Resistance of Plasma Sprayed Coating Remelted by Laser." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 392–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.392.

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In order to improve the wear resistance of the surface of thick copperplate, a coating of alloy powder is produced on the surface of the thick copperplate with the method of laser remelting plasma sprayed coating. The value simulation of temperature and the experimental results show that, it is difficult to produce ferronickel coating with large area and crackfree on thick copperplate for laser cladding technique. Using transsonic plasma heat spraying method to fix the alloy powder on the surface of thick copperplate, a sprayed coating can be produced, which has certain adhesion strength to the copperplate. In order to prevent crack produced in large area laser remelting coating, a method with band-like and point-like remilting area at intervals of same distance has been taken. The surface appearance and roughness of the coating produced by plasma spraying are compared with that of the coating produced by plasma spraying and remelted by laser, micro organization analysis and wear resistance comparison experiments are taken to the specimen. The microstructure photos show that the coating of the plasma heat sprayed is mainly made up by grains, with a great deal of pores existing. After laser remelting, microstructure of the coating is more compact, and the most of pores disappeared, so the strength of the boundary between the remelted coating and the copperplate is build up and the coating with large area and crackfree on thick copperplate is performed by the method of laser remelting plasma spraying coating in large amount of point-like remilting areas The experiment result shows that the wear resistance of laser remelting plasma heat sprayed coating enhances 3 times more than That of the unremelt coating, and about 14 times compared with the copperplate, and the wear resistance of the surface with point-like laser remelting area is between that of plasma heat sprayed coating and that of the laser remelting coating, it depends on the ratio of the remelted part to the whole in area, however, the wear resistance increases with the value of the ratio
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19

Jacquemin-Ide, J., G. Lesur, and J. Ferreira. "Magnetic outflows from turbulent accretion disks." Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (March 2021): A192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039322.

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Context. Astrophysical disks are likely embedded in an ambient vertical magnetic field generated by its environment. This ambient field is known to drive magneto-rotational turbulence in the disk bulk, but it is also responsible for launching magnetised outflows at the origin of astrophysical jets. Yet, the interplay between turbulence and outflows is not understood. In particular, the vertical structure and long-term (secular) evolution of such a system lack quantitative predictions. It is, nevertheless, this secular evolution which is proposed to explain time variability in many accreting systems such as FuOr, X-ray binaries, and novae like systems. Aims. We seek to constraint the structure and long-term evolution of turbulent astrophysical disks subject to magnetised outflows in the non-relativistic regime. More specifically we aim to characterise the mechanism driving accretion, the dynamics of the disk atmosphere, the role played by the outflow, and the long-term evolution of mass and magnetic flux distributions. Methods. We computed and analysed global 3D ideal magnetohydrynamic (MHD) simulations of an accretion disk threaded by a large-scale magnetic field. We measured the turbulent state of the system by Reynolds averaging the ideal MHD equations and evaluate the role of the turbulent terms in the equilibrium of the system. We then computed the transport of mass, angular momentum, and magnetic fields in the disk to characterise its secular evolution. Finally, we performed a parameter exploration survey in order to characterise how the transport properties depend on the disk properties. Results. We find that weakly magnetised disks drive jets that carry a small fraction of the disk angular momentum away. The mass-weighted accretion speed remains subsonic, although there is always an upper turbulent atmospheric region where transsonic accretion takes place. We show that this turbulence is driven by a strongly magnetised version of the magneto-rotational instability. The internal disk structure therefore appears drastically different from the conventional hydrostatic picture. We expect that the turbulent atmosphere region will lead to non-thermal features in the emission spectra from compact objects. In addition, we show that the disk is subject to a secular viscous-type instability, which leads to the formation of long-lived ring-like structures in the disk surface density distribution. This instability is likely connected to the magnetic field transport. Finally, we show that for all of the parameters explored, the ambient magnetic field is always dragged inward in the disk at a velocity which increases with the disk magnetisation. Beyond a threshold on the latter, the disk undergoes a profound radial readjustment. It leads to the formation of an inner accretion-ejection region with a supersonic mass-weighted accretion speed and where the magnetic field distribution becomes steady and reaches a magnitude near equipartition with the thermal pressure. This inner structure shares many properties with the jet emitting disk model. Overall, these results pave the way for quantitative self-consistent secular disk models.
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20

Busch, Xavier, Florent Michel, and Renaud Parentani. "Suppression of infrared instability in transsonic flows by condensation of zero-frequency short wave length phonons." Physical Review D 90, no. 10 (November 7, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.90.105005.

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