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Academic literature on the topic 'Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo; acomodação familiar; dimensões'
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Journal articles on the topic "Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo; acomodação familiar; dimensões"
Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno, and Marcelo dos Santos Florão. "Acomodação familiar e criticismo percebido em pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 59, no. 1 (2010): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0047-20852010000100006.
Full textAmazonas, Maria Cristina Lopes de Almeida, Renata Lopes Arcoverde, Marcus Túlio Caldas, and Renata Raimundo da Silva. "O fenômeno da acomodação familiar em pais/mães de pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo." Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) 27, no. 1 (March 2010): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-166x2010000100007.
Full textBoarati, Lilian, and Fani Eta Korn Malerbi. "INTERVENÇÃO ANALÍTICO-COMPORTAMENTAL DIRIGIDA A FAMILIARES DE PORTADORES DO TRANSTORNO OBSESSIVO-COMPULSIVO." Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento 14, no. 1 (June 21, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18542/rebac.v14i1.7158.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo; acomodação familiar; dimensões"
MATOS, Mariana Bonati de. "Acomodação familiar: um estudo sobre características de pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo e seus familiares em uma amostra clínica." Universidade Catolica de Pelotas, 2016. http://tede.ucpel.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/618.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T11:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Bonati de Matos (Versão final).pdf: 1740813 bytes, checksum: cc73e0907bfe29c17a9366143a307c3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-07
The Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is considered an heterogeneous disorder about the symptoms and it can be divided into different dimensions. These symptoms can cause significant impact on the family dynamics. The family members tend to modify their routine by assisting or participating in the patient’s rituals and these behaviors have been identified as Family Accommodation. However, little know about the difference of family accommodation between the dimensions of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Therefore, the aims of this study are: to describe the relationship between family accommodation in relatives of OCD patients and your perceptions about the obsessions and compulsions of the patient; and to evaluate the association between family accommodation and the different dimensions of the OCD symptoms. It is a crosssectional study with patients and their family members diagnosed with OCD at a research clinic. The instruments used in this study were: the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI PLUS), the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DYBOCS) and the Family Accommodation Scale for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Interviewer-Rated (FAS-IR). In the frst article the obsessions perceived by family were associated with higher levels of family accommodation: contamination (p<0.001), save/loose symmetry and accuracy (p=0.001), religious (p=0.019), and miscellaneous (p=0.003). For the compulsions, all symptoms were associated with higher levels of family accommodation (p<0.05). In the second article the factors associated with family accommodation were: age of the patient (β= -0.145) (95% CI: -0.27; -0.02), family member living with the patient (β=3.185) (95% CI: 0.13; 6.24), the family member who was a partner/boyfriend/girlfriend of the patient (β=5.750) (95% CI: 2.40; 9.10) and patients with OCD symptoms of sexual/religious dimension (β=0.483) (95% IC: 0.14; 0.83). It is concluded that the family accommodation is present in relatives of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients, regardless of the type of obsessive symptom / compulsive perceived. However, the patient's family members who reported having religious / sexual dimension of OCD symptom have higher family accommodation, especially when partners.
O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) é considerado um transtorno heterogêneo no que diz respeito aos sintomas e pode ser dividido em diferentes dimensões. Estes sintomas podem causar impacto significativo sobre a dinâmica familiar. Os membros da família tendem a modificar sua rotina, auxiliando ou participando de rituais do paciente e estes comportamentos são identificados como Acomodação Familiar. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a diferença do comportamento de acomodação familiar entre as dimensões do TOC. Portanto, os objetivos deste trabalho foram: descrever a relação entre a acomodação familiar em parentes de pacientes com TOC e suas percepções sobre as obsessões e compulsões do paciente; e avaliar a associação entre a acomodação familiar e as diferentes dimensões dos sintomas do TOC destes pacientes. Trata-se de estudo transversal com pacientes com diagnóstico de TOC e seus familiares em uma amostra clínica. Os instrumentos utilizados neste estudo foram: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI PLUS), Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS) e Family Accommodation Scale for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Interviewer-Rated (FASIR). O primeiro artigo mostrou que as obsessões percebidas pelos familiares que estiveram associadas aos maiores níveis de acomodação familiar foram: contaminação (p<0,001), perder/guardar e simetria e ordem (p=0,001), religiosa (p=0,019) e diversas (p=0,003). Para as compulsões, todos os sintomas foram associados com maiores níveis de acomodação familiar (p<0,05). Já no segundo artigo os fatores associados à acomodação familiar foram: idade do paciente (β=-0,145) (IC 95%: -0,27;-0,02), membro da família que vive com o paciente (β=3,185) (IC 95%: 0,13; 6,24), o membro da família que era parceiro(a)/namorado(a) do paciente (β=5,750) (IC 95%: 2,40; 9,10) e pacientes com dimensão sexual/religiosa do sintomas do OC (β=0,483) (95% IC: 0,14; 0,83). Conclui-se que a acomodação familiar está presente em familiares de pacientes com TOC, independentemente do tipo de sintoma percebido. Porém, os familiares de paciente qu relatam ter a dimensão religiosa/sexual do sintoma do TOC apresentam maior acomodação familiar, especialmente quando são parceiros(as).
Gomes, Juliana Braga. "Fatores associados à acomodação familiar em pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/35041.
Full textObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic disorder that causes significant impairments both to patient and his/her family members. Generally, it interferes with familiar functioning, since it frequently drives family members to modify their routines because of the patient‟s symptoms. Changes on family members‟ behaviors as a consequence of these symptoms are termed as Family Accommodation (FA). The present study aimed at: firstly translate into and adapt to Portuguese the Family Accommodation Scale for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Interviewer-Rated (FAS-IR) and, secondly, to examine whether or not socio-demographic and clinical factors are associated to FA. After the scale was translated and adapted into Portuguese, the second step of the research was performed with an outpatient sample comprised 114 patients with OCD and their respective family members. To evaluate the obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms on patients, the following scales were applied: DY-BOCS, Y-BOCS, and CGI. To analyze depressive and anxiety symptoms, the BDI and BAI scales were used, and to verify possible comorbidities, the SCID. On family members, to evaluate the FA, FAS-IR was applied, and to verify the OC symptoms, the Y-BOCS and OCI-R scales. Two multiple linear regression models were used: the first one was used to evaluate the relationship between patient‟s variables and the FA; and the second one, to evaluate the relationship between family member‟s variables and the FA. It was noted that FA was highly prevalent among the family members in the studied population. The patient‟s factor positively associated with FA was OCD severity, whereas FA was inversely associated with the patient‟s worst dimension being obsessions with aggressive content. Family members‟ characteristics positively associated with FA were OC symptoms in family members and the family member being the patient‟s spouse. The FA is highly common among OCD carriers‟ families, but the reasons that drive family members to modify their own behaviors are not yet well known. It is important to be aware of this fact, since these accommodation behaviors may serve as a reinforcer of the patient‟ symptoms, and, consequently, contribute in keeping them.
Gorenstein, Gabriela. "Impacto do tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo sobre a ansiedade parental, acomodação familiar e ambiente familiar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-13052015-094030/.
Full textObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) occurs in 2% to 4% of the pediatric population. A worse prognosis has been associated with the presence of anxiety symptoms among parents, the presence of psychiatric symptoms among first-degree relatives, higher levels of family accommodation (FA) and a greater dysfunction in the family environment. So far, few studies have investigated the associations between the variation of parental anxiety, family accommodation and family environment with the response to pediatric OCD treatment. Forty-three subjects, 31 mothers and 12 fathers, of 33 children and adolescents with OCD (between 6 to17 years old), were evaluated before and after treatment of their children with group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or fluoxetine for 14 weeks. The instruments used to assess the parents were: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Family Accommodation Scale (FAS), the Family Environment Scale - Real form (FES-R), and a questionnaire to assess the presence of anxiety symptoms, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depressive symptoms and substance abuse in the first degree relatives of the youths. The children\'s symptoms were assessed by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). After their children\'s treatment, parents showed no significant reduction in their trait or state anxiety, and parental anxiety was not related to children\'s response to treatment. However, a decrease in anxiety levels after treatment was observed among those whose first degree-relatives did not report psychiatric symptoms. Family accommodation decreased after the children\'s treatment, and this decrease accompanied the children\'s clinical improvement. In the family environment, the sub-dimensions cohesion and leisure increased after the children\'s treatment, and cohesion accompanied the children\'s clinical improvement. These results suggest that, even without a family-focused approach, the child-focused treatment of pediatric OCD may have a positive impact on family accommodation and family environment. Future studies should further clarify the reciprocal influences of family factors and the treatment of pediatric OCD
Andrade, Lilian Regina Boarati de. "Efeitos de uma intervenção analítico-comportamental em familiares de portadores do Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo sobre a acomodação familiar." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16756.
Full textParticipation in rituals is often observed in relatives of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients. Family members change their routine, contributing to the maintenance and the strengthening of ritualistic responses. This participation has been called Family Accomodation. According to the perspective of Behavior Analysis, both the behaviors of OCD patients as of their relatives are controlled by environmental variables. This study aimed to evaluate a family-directed intervention procedure in order to reduce family accommodation. The subjects were three dyads of adults patients with OCD and their mothers. Before the intervention procedure, interviews were performed separately with the two participants from each dyad, in order to screening the patients´ rituals and the mothers´ accommodation responses. Then, weekly meetings were held between the researcher and the mothers for 12 to 14 weeks. Mothers were instructed to record the daily rituals demanding their participation and if they had adhered to them or not. These records allowed the researcher to establish an order of family accommodation responses according to their frequency, from the lowest to the highest ones. After explaining to mothers how their behavior could be maintaining the ritualistic responses of their offsprings, the researcher instructed them not participate in rituals (Extinction) that occurred less often (supposedly easier eliminating) and to differentially reinforce any other class of responses (DRO). During the intervention, at each meeting, the researcher analyzed the records brought by mothers and if she realized that mothers had followed the instructions to extinguish the rituals and reinforce their offsprings´other responses, she provided them with praise. Once one class of accommodation responses was eliminated (measured by daily records of mothers), the researcher instructed the mothers to extinguish the next ritual following the order from low to high frequency. In weekly meetings, the researcher could also review with mothers the main difficulties faced in extinguishing the accommodation responses and provide guidance on how to act in everyday situations. The analysis of the agreement conducted in 30% of records between the researcher and an independent evaluator indicated a general agreement of 90.57%. The results showed that although the ritualistic and the accommodation responses presented by the three dyads were very different, mothers succeeded to eliminate most of their accommodation responses. At the xvii same time, there was also noted a reduction in requests from the OCD patients directed their mothers to take part of their rituals. An assessment carried out 21 days after the end of the intervention (follow-up) showed that two of the three mothers kept the complete elimination of their accommodation responses addressed in the intervention. The third mother presented the complete elimination of two classes of accommodation responses, decreased the average frequency of one class of accommodation responses and maintained the frequency of another class as that presented at the last week of the intervention. It was concluded that family accommodation can be changed by providing information on its role in maintaining the ritualistic responses of OCD patients associated with instructions for family to extinguish the rituals and by social reinforcement of family behavior change
A participação nos rituais do portador do Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC) é frequentemente observada em familiares que mudam sua rotina, contribuindo para a manutenção e fortalecimento das respostas ritualísticas. Essa participação tem sido denominada Acomodação Familiar. De acordo com a perspectiva da Análise do Comportamento, tanto os comportamentos do portador do TOC quanto de seus familiares são controlados por variáveis ambientais em interação com o organismo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar um procedimento de intervenção dirigido a familiares com vistas a reduzir a acomodação familiar. Participaram três díades compostas de adultos portadores de TOC e suas mães. Antes de se aplicar o procedimento de intervenção foram realizadas entrevistas separadamente com os dois participantes de cada díade, com o objetivo de fazer um levantamento dos rituais apresentados pelos portadores e das respostas de acomodação familiar. Em seguida, foram realizados encontros semanais entre a pesquisadora e as mães durante 12 a 14 semanas. As mães foram instruídas a registrar diariamente as respostas ritualísticas de seus filhos que solicitavam sua participação e se haviam atendido a essas solicitações ou não. Estes registros permitiram que se estabelecesse uma ordem das respostas de acomodação familiar em termos de sua freqüência diária da menor para a maior. Depois de explicar para as mães como seus comportamentos poderiam estar mantendo as respostas ritualísticas de seus filhos, a pesquisadora instruiu as mães para que começassem a deixar de atender (Extinção) as solicitações de participação nos rituais nas situações que ocorriam menos frequentemente (supostamente mais fáceis de eliminar) e simultaneamente reforçassem diferencialmente qualquer outra classe de respostas diferente da ritualística (DRO). Durante a intervenção, a cada encontro, a pesquisadora analisava os registros trazidos pelas mães e ao perceber que estas haviam seguido as instruções de colocar em Extinção as solicitações de participação nos rituais e reforçar outras respostas dos filhos, fornecia-lhes elogios. Uma vez eliminada uma classe de repostas de acomodação (avaliada pelos registros diários das mães), a pesquisadora instruía as mães para que deixassem de atender a solicitação de participação no próximo ritual dos filhos, seguindo a ordem de menor para maior frequência. Nos encontros semanais, a pesquisadora também pôde xv analisar junto com as mães as principais dificuldades enfrentadas na tarefa de deixar de apresentar as respostas de acomodação e fornecer orientação de como agir nas situações cotidianas. A análise da concordância entre a pesquisadora e uma avaliadora independente realizada em 30% dos registros indicou um acordo geral de 90,57%. Os resultados mostraram que embora as classes de respostas ritualísticas e de acomodação das três díades fossem muito diferentes entre si, houve eliminação da maioria das respostas de acomodação apresentadas pelas três mães. Paralelamente, observou-se também uma redução nas solicitações dos portadores de TOC dirigidas às suas mães para que participassem de seus rituais. Uma avaliação realizada 21 dias após o término da intervenção (seguimento) mostrou que duas das três mães mantiveram a eliminação completa das classes de respostas de acomodação abordadas na intervenção. A terceira mãe apresentou a eliminação completa de duas classes de respostas de acomodação, diminuiu a freqüência média diária de uma classe de respostas de acomodação e manteve a mesma frequência média diária de outra classe em comparação com última semana da intervenção. Concluiu-se que a acomodação familiar pode ser alterada pelo fornecimento de informações sobre o seu papel na manutenção das respostas ritualísticas do portador de TOC associado com instruções para o familiar colocar em extinção as solicitações para participar dos rituais e a liberação de reforços sociais para a mudança de comportamento do familiar
Gomes, Juliana Braga. "Avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da escala de acomodação familiar para transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo - versão pontuada pelo entrevistador (FAS-IR) e do impacto da terapia cognitivo-comportamental em grupo na acomodação familiar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131196.
Full textObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic illness that negatively affects the lives of patients and usually of family members as well. It frequently interferes with family functioning, as very often family members modify their routines because of the patient’s symptoms. These behaviors observed among family members are referred to as family accommodation (FA). FA behaviors can reinforce the patient’s symptoms and thus contribute to maintain the disorder. FA has been correlated with an increased severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and is associated with poorer response to treatment approaches, e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy. However, there is a scarcity of studies designed to assess the impact of interventions for OCD on FA in both short and long terms. The present thesis includes three research articles, which had the following objectives: 1) to analyze the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Family Accommodation Scale for OCD – Interviewer-Rated (FAS-IR); 2) to assess the impact of cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT) with the involvement of family members in two sessions on FA and to identify sociodemographic and clinical variables predictive of FA reduction after the 12 treatment sessions (short term); and 3) to assess the impact of CBGT on FA 3 years after completion of the program and to investigate the correlation between severity of OCD symptoms and FA in the long term. The study included patients with a diagnosis of OCD and their family members. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were assessed using the following instruments: Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Revised (OCI-R), Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI). Beck Depression (BDI) and Anxiety (BAI) Inventories, as well as the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Clinician Version (SCID-I), were also administered to investigate the presence of possible comorbidities. FA was assessed using the FAS-IR, administered to family members. Upon completion of the FAS-IR validation study, a randomized clinical trial was conducted, randomly assigning patients to either the intervention group (12 sessions of CBGT, of which two involved family members) or to a control group (waiting list). Finally, a naturalistic follow-up study was conducted 3 years after completion of the CBGT program. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. We found that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the FAS-IR had sound psychometric properties, reinforcing that this is a reliable instrument for assessing the participation and modifications of the routines of family members as a result of the patient’s symptoms. With regard to treatment outcomes, the randomized clinical trial included a sample of 98 pairs of patients with OCD and their family members, of which 52 (53.1%) were randomly allocated to the intervention group and 46 (46.9%) to the waiting list. There was a significant improvement of all OCD symptoms and also of FA levels after CBGT in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The following variables were predictors of FA reduction after the multivariate analysis: patient characteristics – absence of comorbid unipolar disorder (β = 0.338; p = 0.014), a lower obsession score (β = 0.244; p = 0.045), and higher education level (β = -0.351; p = 0.006); and family member characteristics – a higher hoarding score (β = -0.461; p = 0.001). The model explained 47.2% of the variance in FA scores after CBGT. Finally, in the follow-up study, the FA reduction results obtained at the end of CBGT were found to remain in the long term (3 years). These results add to the current body of evidence not only by confirming that CBGT is effective in reducing OCD symptoms, but also by showing that CBGT with a brief family intervention focused on FA contributes to reduce the level of involvement of family members in the patient’s symptoms, and that these results are maintained over time. Some patient and family member characteristics were found to predict FA reduction, a finding that can contribute to qualify the CBGT protocols currently employed. This is the first study to assess the impact of CBGT (with the participation of family members in two sessions) on FA in both short and long terms. These findings underscore the importance of permanently assessing FA, as well as of involving family members in the treatment of patients with OCD.
Alvarenga, Pedro Gomes de. "Sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos em escolares: prevalência, dimensões psicopatológicas, agregação familiar, comorbidades e fatores clínicos associados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-04082014-084337/.
Full textThe present thesis investigated the clinical characteristics of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS), as an intermediate phenomenon between normal development and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by assessing an extensive community (non- clinical) sample of schoolchildren (6-12 years) and their biological relatives. We determined the prevalence and sociodemographic status of OCS, describing its phenomenology characterized from OCS dimensions, familial aggregation, association with other psychiatric comorbidities, and other variables of clinical impairment (e.g.: risk factors , social, school and behavior problems). The study was divided in two phases. In phase I, 9,937 children (aged 6 to 12 years) enrolled in regular public schools (index-children) and their biological relatives (overall n = 29,459) were assessed. In this phase, we used the Family History Screening (FHS), an internationally validated instrument developed for psychiatric symptoms assessment. An additional seven-item module to identify four OCS dimensions (\"aggressive/ sexual/ religious\"; \"symmetry/ arranging\", \"contamination/ cleaning\" and \"hoarding \") was also used. In the first phase data on 9,937 index-children (may be siblings to each other), 3,305 biological siblings (13-18 years) and 16,218 parents were obtained. The biological mothers were informants in 88 % of the interviews. OCS were present in 19.4 % of the total sample, 14.7 % of index-children, 15.6 % of siblings, 34.6 % of mothers and 12.1 % of parents. The presence of OCS was associated with male gender and increasing age in children and adolescents. Familial aggregation of OCS dimensions was found; the \"contamination/ cleaning\" was the most familial dimension (OR: 1.44; 95% IC 1.23 to 1.67; p < 0.001). OCS were associated with higher frequency of other psychiatric symptoms as well as greater rates of social/ school problems and searching for previous treatments. The main limitations of this phase include by proxy interviews and use of an instrument for assessing OCS dimensions not yet validated. In phase II, a sub-sample (n=2,512) of phase I index-children [mean age: 8.86 (PD: 1.84); 44.59% female] was submitted to a rigorous and comprehensive clinical evaluation protocol, including structural diagnoses of mental disorders DSM-IV/ DAWBA (Development and Well-Being Assessment), specific behavioral patterns from CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist), risk factors, school/ social problems and searching for previous treatments. The sample was divided in three groups: OCD (n = 77; 3.07 %), OCS (N=488; 19.43 %) and controls (n=1,947; 77.5 %), compared according to their clinical features. There were no significant age/ gender and socio-economic status differences between groups. OCD group presented higher rates of overall obsessions and compulsions, contamination obsessions, cleaning and repetition compulsions and \"hoarding\". OCD and OCS groups showed similar prevalence rates of aggressive, symmetry, checking and counting symptoms. Regarding DAWBA comorbidities, OCD group showed increased prevalence of mood disorders (as a group), separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disruptive disorders (as a group) compared to OCS and control groups. OCD and OCS groups showed similar prevalences of social phobia, anxiety disorders (as a group), oppositional defiant disorder, tic disorders and eating disorders, showing higher prevalence than controls. Perinatal risk factors and physical or sexual abuse were significantly more frequent in the OCD group in comparison to OCS and control groups. The OCS group exhibited intermediate pattern between OCD (higher scores) and controls (lower scores) concerning total and \"internalizing\", \"externalizing\" and social dimensions scores of the CBCL. The OCS group showed the same pattern found in the OCD group concerning social vulnerability, school problems (failure, expulsion or dropout), functional impairment, delinquent behavior, and searching for previous treatments. The main limitation of this phase was the adaptation of the DAWBA criteria for DSM -IV diagnosis for pediatric OCD. Therefore, this cross-sectional study suggests that OCS is fairly frequent in schoolchildren 6-12 years (about 15 to 20%) and its prevalence is similar to that described in adolescents and adults. Data from this thesis provide further evidence that there is a psychopathological and clinical impact continuum between OCS and OCD, which is important not only to enhance the understanding of the nature of OCD but to develop treatment and prevention strategies