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Journal articles on the topic 'Transverse and Longitudinal Relaxation Methods'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

TODICA, M. "NMR OBSERVATION OF THE SPIN-LATTICE AND SPIN-SPIN RELAXATION IN SOME POLIBUTADIENES WITH DIFFERENT VINYL CONTENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 13 (2005): 2167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205029705.

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Some polybutadienes with different vinyl contents were observed by NMR methods in order to disclose the influence of the microstructure of the polymeric chains on the relaxation of the longitudinal and transverse magnetization. The relaxation process is correlated with the dynamic properties of the polymeric chains. The residual dipolar interaction determined by the rigidity of the polymeric chains is observed by the pseudo-solid echo method and is associated with the vinyl contents of the samples.

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2

Chance, Brent H., and Don E. Bray. "Nondestructive Monitoring of Stress Relaxation in Welded Steel Plates." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 124, no. 3 (2002): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1491581.

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This study investigates transverse stress relaxation in welded steel plates. Two different methods of stress measurement were used; strain gages and critically refracted longitudinal LCR waves. The material investigated was ASTM 1008/1010 steel. T-shaped slots were cut from each edge of each specimen in order to provide a uniaxial tension stress field in the area of investigation. After the plates were stress-relieved by annealing, the transverse slots were then welded and allowed to cool. Strain gages were applied to the bridge area joining the middle of the plate and oriented parallel to the

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Wei, Mengmeng, Wenbin Yu, Min Zhou, Wei Huang, Yuanxing Liu, and Xinye Xu. "Three techniques for measuring the transverse relaxation time of cesium atoms." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (2023): 035327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140593.

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The transverse relaxation time ( T2) is an important indicator to determine the fundamental sensitivity limit of alkali-metal atomic magnetometers. We propose a method based on the principle of longitudinal field modulation that obtains T2 by scanning the transverse static magnetic field. The previous technique of extracting T2 from the linewidth of the modulation frequency and the traditional magnetic-resonance-broadening-fitting method are also described. The T2 measurements of Cesium (Cs) atoms are carried out through these three methods, whose operating environments are applicable to diffe

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Monaretto, Tatiana, Tiago Bueno Moraes, and Luiz Alberto Colnago. "Recent 1D and 2D TD–NMR Pulse Sequences for Plant Science." Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050833.

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Time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD–NMR) has been widely applied in plant science in the last four decades. Several TD–NMR instruments and methods have been developed for laboratory, green-house, and field studies. This mini-review focuses on the recent TD–NMR pulse sequences applied in plant science. One of the sequences measures the transverse relaxation time (T2) with minimal sample heating, using a lower refocusing flip angle and consequently lower specific absorption rate than that of conventional CPMG. Other sequences are based on a continuous wave free precession (CWFP) regime us

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TODICA, M. "COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION OF THE NMR SPIN-LATTICE AND SPIN-SPIN RELAXATION IN MOLTEN AND CROSS-LINKED POLIBUTADIENE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 10 (2005): 1771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205029353.

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The molten and cross-linked polybutadiene were observed by NMR methods in order to disclose the influence of the presence of the temporary and permanent junctions between the polymeric chains on the relaxation of the longitudinal and transverse magnetization. The residual dipolar interaction determined by the entanglements of the polymeric chains is observed by the pseudo-solid echo method and is associated with the existence of the temporary network.

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6

Chen, Jianfei, Jingyu Chu, Wenchun Jiang, et al. "Experimental and Numerical Simulation to Study the Reduction of Welding Residual Stress by Ultrasonic Impact Treatment." Materials 13, no. 4 (2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040837.

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In this study, the effects of ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) on the residual stress in a repair welding joint are investigated by experimental and finite element methods. A three-dimensional numerical analysis approach including a thermomechanical-coupled welding simulation and dynamic elastic-plastic UIT simulation is developed, which has been validated by X-ray diffraction measurement and indentation strain method. The results show that longitudinal residual stresses basically turned into the small tensile stress state from the large tensile stress state, and transverse residual stresses

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Haribabu, Viswanathan, Palani Sharmiladevi, Najim Akhtar, Abubacker Sulaiman Farook, Koyeli Girigoswami, and Agnishwar Girigoswami. "Label Free Ultrasmall Fluoromagnetic Ferrite-clusters for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Drug Delivery." Current Drug Delivery 16, no. 3 (2019): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201816666181119112410.

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Objective: The label free ultrasmall fluorescent ferrite clusters have been engineered in a controlled fashion which was stabilized by serum protein and functionalized by folic acid for the application of targeted multimodal optical and Magnetic Resonance (MR) cancer imaging. Methods: The ultra-small manganese ferrite nanoclusters (PMNCs) with a diameter of 4 nm have a commendable effect on the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation in MR imaging that was evident from the phantom and animal MRI. Results: The calculated longitudinal molar relaxivity of nanoclusters was found to be 6.9

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Uddin, Md Nasir, R. Marc Lebel, Peter Seres, Gregg Blevins, and Alan H. Wilman. "Spin echo transverse relaxation and atrophy in multiple sclerosis deep gray matter: A two-year longitudinal study." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 22, no. 9 (2016): 1133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458515614091.

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Background: Deep gray matter (DGM) is affected in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and may be studied using short-term longitudinal MRI. Objective: To investigate two-year changes in spin-echo transverse relaxation rate (R2) and atrophy in DGM, and its relationship with disease severity in RRMS patients. Methods: Twenty six RRMS patients and 26 matched controls were imaged at 4.7 T. Multiecho spin-echo R2 maps and atrophy measurements were obtained in DGM at baseline and two-year follow-up. Differences between MRI measures and correlations to disease severity were examined. Result

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9

Zhang, Yapeng, Jingjing Cheng, and Wenzhong Liu. "Characterization and Relaxation Properties of a Series of Monodispersed Magnetic Nanoparticles." Sensors 19, no. 15 (2019): 3396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153396.

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Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are relatively advanced nanomaterials, and are widely used in biology, physics and medicine, especially as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Characterization of the properties of magnetic nanoparticles plays an important role in the application of magnetic particles. As a contrast agent, the relaxation rate directly affects image enhancement. We characterized a series of monodispersed magnetic nanoparticles using different methods and measured their relaxation rates using a 0.47 T low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance instrument. Generally speakin

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10

Wernersson, Sven, Göran Carlström, Andreas Jakobsson та Mikael Akke. "Rapid measurement of heteronuclear transverse relaxation rates using non-uniformly sampled <i>R</i><sub>1<i>ρ</i></sub> accordion experiments". Magnetic Resonance 2, № 2 (2021): 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-571-2021.

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Abstract. Multidimensional, heteronuclear NMR relaxation methods are used extensively to characterize the dynamics of biological macromolecules. Acquisition of relaxation datasets on proteins typically requires significant measurement time, often several days. Accordion spectroscopy offers a powerful means to shorten relaxation rate measurements by encoding the “relaxation dimension” into the indirect evolution period in multidimensional experiments. Time savings can also be achieved by non-uniform sampling (NUS) of multidimensional NMR data, which is used increasingly to improve spectral reso

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11

Zhang, Yu, Jianxiang Zhao, Ying Gu, et al. "A Methodology Study on the Optimal Detection of Oil and Moisture Content in Soybeans Using LF-NMR and Its 2D T1-T2 Nuclear Magnetic Technology." Agronomy 13, no. 4 (2023): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041102.

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In this study, we aimed to provide an accurate method for the detection of oil and moisture content in soybeans. Introducing two-dimensional low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-2D-NMR) qualitatively solved the problem of overlapping component signals that one-dimensional (1D) LF-NMR techniques cannot distinguish in soybean detection research. Soxhlet extraction, oven drying, LF-NMR spectrum, and LF-NMR oil and moisture content software were used to detect soybean oil and moisture content. The comparison showed that the LF-NMR oil and moisture content software was faster and more accurate

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Faas, Henryk M., James L. Krupa, Alexander J. Taylor, et al. "Accelerated 19F·MRI Detection of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2/-9 through Responsive Deactivation of Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2019 (February 28, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4826520.

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Paramagnetic gadolinium ions (GdIII), complexed within DOTA-based chelates, have become useful tools to increase the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast in tissues of interest. Recently, “on/off” probes serving as 19F·MRI biosensors for target enzymes have emerged that utilize the increase in transverse (T2∗ or T2) relaxation times upon cleavage of the paramagnetic GdIII centre. Molecular 19F·MRI has the advantage of high specificity due to the lack of background signal but suffers from low signal intensity that leads to low spatial resolution and long recording times. In this work, an “

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McCreary, Cheryl R., Marina Salluzzi, Linda B. Andersen, et al. "Calgary Normative Study: design of a prospective longitudinal study to characterise potential quantitative MR biomarkers of neurodegeneration over the adult lifespan." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (2020): e038120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038120.

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IntroductionA number of MRI methods have been proposed to be useful, quantitative biomarkers of neurodegeneration in ageing. The Calgary Normative Study (CNS) is an ongoing single-centre, prospective, longitudinal study that seeks to develop, test and assess quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) methods as potential biomarkers of neurodegeneration. The CNS has three objectives: first and foremost, to evaluate and characterise the dependence of the selected quantitative neuroimaging biomarkers on age over the adult lifespan; second, to evaluate the precision, variability and repeatability of qua

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MOJOVIĆ, MILOŠ, MARKO DAKOVIĆ, MIA OMERAŠEVIĆ, et al. "THE PARAMAGNETIC PILLARED BENTONITES AS DIGESTIVE TRACT MRI CONTRAST AGENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 06n07 (2010): 780–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210064411.

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The increased use of imaging techniques in diagnostic studies, such as MRI, has contributed to the development of the wide range of new materials which could be successfully used as image improving agents. However, there is a lack of such substances in the area of gastrointestinal tract MRI. Many of the traditionally popular relaxation altering agents show poor results and disadvantages provoking black bowel, side effects of diarrhea and the presence of artifacts arising from clumping. Paramagnetic species seem to be potentially suitable agents for these studies, but contrast opacification has

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Tarasek, Matthew, Oguz Akin, Jeannette Roberts, Thomas Foo, and Desmond Yeo. "Heat Modulation of Intrinsic MR Contrasts for Tumor Characterization." Cancers 14, no. 2 (2022): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14020405.

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(1) Background: The longitudinal relaxation time (T1), transverse relaxation time (T2), water proton chemical shift (CS), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) are MR quantities that change with temperature. In this work, we investigate heat-induced intrinsic MR contrast types to add salient information to conventional MR imaging to improve tumor characterization. (2) Methods: Imaging tests were performed in vivo using different rat tumor models. The rats were cooled/heated to steady-state temperatures from 26–36 °C and quantitative measurements of T1, T2, and ADC were obtained. Temperature

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Bogorad, Z., P. Mohanmurthy, and J. A. Formaggio. "Ultracold neutron storage simulation using the Kassiopeia software package." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 2 (2022): 023007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac4ad4.

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Abstract The Kassiopeia software package was originally developed to simulate electromagnetic fields and charged particle trajectories for neutrino mass measurement experiments. Recent additions to Kassiopeia also allow it to simulate neutral particle trajectories in magnetic fields based on their magnetic moments. Two different methods were implemented: an exact method that can work for arbitrary fields and an adiabatic method that is limited to slowly-varying fields but is much faster for large precession frequencies. Additional interactions to simulate reflection of ultracold neutrons (UCNs

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17

Davydov, Roman, Vadim Davydov, Nikita Myazin, and Valentin Dudkin. "The Multifunctional Nuclear Magnetic Flowmeter for Control to the Consumption and Condition of Coolant in Nuclear Reactors." Energies 15, no. 5 (2022): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051748.

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The necessity of coolant flow consumption measurement accuracy increase in the nuclear reactor primary circuit has been substantiated. Additionally, the need to control the coolant condition in the current flow inside the pipeline is shown. Nowadays, the real-time coolant’s condition control function is not implemented at stationary nuclear power plants or mobile nuclear power plants used in moving objects. It is shown that a coolant consumption measurement error decreases and its condition data availability increases the heat transfer efficiency and the electrical energy generation (without t

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18

Eckerbom, Per, Peter Hansell, Eleanor Cox, et al. "Multiparametric assessment of renal physiology in healthy volunteers using noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 316, no. 4 (2019): F693—F702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00486.2018.

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Noninvasive methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can quantify parameters of kidney function. The main purpose of this study was to determine baseline values of such parameters in healthy volunteers. In 28 healthy volunteers (15 women and 13 men), arterial spin labeling to estimate regional renal perfusion, blood oxygen level-dependent transverse relaxation rate (R2*) to estimate oxygenation, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusion (D), and longitudinal relaxation time (T1) to estimate tissue properties were determined bilaterally in the cortex and outer and inner medull

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19

Myazin, Nikita Sergeevich, Vadim Vladimirovich Davydov, Victoria Valerevna Yushkova, and Vasiliy Yurevich Rud'. "A new method of determining the state of water and agricultural areas in real time." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 75, no. 2 (2019): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.75.2.22352.

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Paper discusses the technique of environmental condition monitoring based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Express control is an integral part of agriculture, because when working on farms or in fields there are situations when it is physically impossible to deliver samples for research to a stationary laboratory (results are needed urgently or samples can change their properties during transportation). A brief review of the existing methods for monitoring the states of media in the express mode was carried out, their shortcomings were revealed and a new technical solutio

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20

Nagmutdinova, Anastasiia, Leonardo Brizi, Paola Fantazzini, and Villiam Bortolotti. "Investigation of the First Sorption Cycle of White Portland Cement by 1H NMR." Applied Magnetic Resonance 52, no. 12 (2021): 1767–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00723-021-01436-w.

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AbstractThis work is focused on the effects of drying/re-saturation cycles on the structure and components of White Portland Cement (WPC) samples. In particular, WPC of 0.5 water-to-cement ratio was studied by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Relaxometry. A number of NMR sequences and different data processing methods were applied. Short (14 days of re-saturation) and long (6 months for the whole cycle) sorption cycles were investigated, using two drying methods: oven drying and drying under controlled relative humidity. The evolution during drying/re-saturation processes of interlayer spac

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21

Laporte, John P., Mary E. Faulkner, Zhaoyuan Gong, et al. "Hypertensive Adults Exhibit Lower Myelin Content: A Multicomponent Relaxometry and Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Hypertension 80, no. 8 (2023): 1728–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21012.

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BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether hypertension plays any role in cerebral myelination. To fill this knowledge gap, we studied 90 cognitively unimpaired adults, age range 40 to 94 years, who are participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and the Genetic and Epigenetic Signatures of Translational Aging Laboratory Testing to look for potential associations between hypertension and cerebral myelin content across 14 white matter brain regions. METHODS: Myelin content was probed using our advanced multicomponent magnetic resonance relaxometry method of myelin water fraction, a direct

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Saidian, Milad, Torben Rasmussen, Mosab Nasser, Andres Mantilla, and Rick Tobin. "Qualitative and quantitative reservoir bitumen characterization: A core to log correlation methodology." Interpretation 3, no. 1 (2015): SA143—SA158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0052.1.

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Reservoir bitumen is a highly viscous, asphaltene-rich hydrocarbon that can have important effects on reservoir performance. Discriminating between producible oil and reservoir bitumen is critical for recoverable hydrocarbon volume calculations and production planning, yet the lack of resistivity contrast between the two makes it difficult, if not impossible, to make such differentiation using conventional logs. However, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) response in bitumen-rich zones is dominated by short transverse relaxation times ([Formula: see text]) and a low apparent fluid hydrogen i

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Lee, Chena, Yoon Joo Choi, Kug Jin Jeon, and Sang-Sun Han. "Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging for quantitative parameter evaluation of temporomandibular joint disorders." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 50, no. 5 (2021): 20200584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20200584.

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Objective: This study investigated the usefulness of quantitative parameters [longitudinal relaxation (T1), transverse relaxation (T2), and proton density (PD)] obtained with synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the progression of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Methods: For individual TMJ disorder diagnoses, the presence of disc displacement in MRI and the osseous change in cone-beam CT were investigated. Joints were classified into three stages: (1) silent stage, no disc displacement or osseous change; (2) incipient stage, presence of disc displacement and absence

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Reuter, Gilles, Emilie Lommers, Evelyne Balteau, et al. "Multiparameter quantitative histological MRI values in high-grade gliomas: a potential biomarker of tumor progression." Neuro-Oncology Practice 7, no. 6 (2020): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npaa047.

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Abstract Background Conventional MRI poorly distinguishes brain parenchyma microscopically invaded by high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from the normal brain. By contrast, quantitative histological MRI (hMRI) measures brain microstructure in terms of physical MR parameters influenced by histochemical tissue composition. We aimed to determine the relationship between hMRI parameters in the area surrounding the surgical cavity and the presence of HGG recurrence. Methods Patients were scanned after surgery with an hMRI multiparameter protocol that allowed for estimations of longitudinal relaxation rate (

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Fang, Xiujie, Jin Li, Yanning Ma, et al. "A Novel Measurement Method for Spin Polarization Three Axis Spatial Distribution in Spin-Exchange Relaxation Free Atomic Magnetometer." Photonics 10, no. 3 (2023): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030332.

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The measurement of atomic spin polarization distribution in spin-exchange relaxation free (SERF) magnetometer is an important topic for improving the sensitivity and consistency of multi-channel magnetic field measurement applications. A novel spin polarization spatial distribution measurement method is presented based on the transient response of the magnetometer after modulating the pumped light with a chopper. Polarization is obtained by a slow-down factor based on the fast spin-exchange interaction effects. Longitudinal and transverse polarization distributions are measured simultaneously

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26

Senesac, Claudia R., Donovan J. Lott, Sean C. Forbes, et al. "Longitudinal Evaluation of Muscle Composition Using Magnetic Resonance in 4 Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Case Series." Physical Therapy 95, no. 7 (2015): 978–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140234.

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Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an inherited recessive X chromosome-linked disease, is the most severe childhood form of muscular dystrophy. Boys with DMD experience muscle loss, with infiltration of intramuscular fat into muscles. Objectives This case series describes the progression of DMD in boys using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Magnetic resonance results are then compared with an established functional timed test. Methods Four boys with DMD and 4 healthy age-matched controls were chosen from a larger cohort. Boys with DMD were

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27

Müller-Petke, Mike, Jan O. Walbrecker, and Rosemary Knight. "The inversion of surface-NMR T1 data for improved aquifer characterization." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 6 (2013): EN83—EN94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0035.1.

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A crucial component in sustainable freshwater management is the reliable and cost-effective characterization of groundwater aquifers. A technique that allows noninvasive characterization of shallow ([Formula: see text]) aquifers is surface nuclear magnetic resonance (surface NMR). The measured parameter longitudinal relaxation time [Formula: see text] provides a link to pore-scale properties and can be used to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the sampled region. The recent development of an optimized acquisition scheme, phase-cycled pseudosaturation recovery (pcPSR), has significantly ad

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Willcocks, Rebecca J., Alison M. Barnard, Ryan J. Wortman, et al. "Development of Contractures in DMD in Relation to MRI-Determined Muscle Quality and Ambulatory Function." Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases 9, no. 2 (2022): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnd-210731.

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Background: Joint contractures are common in boys and men with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and management of contractures is an important part of care. The optimal methods to prevent and treat contractures are controversial, and the natural history of contracture development is understudied in glucocorticoid treated individuals at joints beyond the ankle. Objective: To describe the development of contractures over time in a large cohort of individuals with DMD in relation to ambulatory ability, functional performance, and muscle quality measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) an

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29

Nikolova, Simona, Catherine Daniela Chong, Gina M. Dumkrieger, Jing Li, Teresa Wu, and Todd J. Schwedt. "Longitudinal differences in iron deposition in periaqueductal gray matter and anterior cingulate cortex are associated with response to erenumab in migraine." Cephalalgia 43, no. 2 (2023): 033310242211447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03331024221144783.

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Objectives The objective of this longitudinal study was to determine whether brain iron accumulation, measured using magnetic resonance imaging magnetic transverse relaxation rates (T2*), is associated with response to erenumab for the treatment of migraine. Methods Participants (n = 28) with migraine, diagnosed using international classification of headache disorders 3rd edition criteria, were eligible if they had six to 25 migraine days during a four-week headache diary run-in phase. Participants received two treatments with 140 mg erenumab, one immediately following the pre-treatment run-in

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Davydov, Roman, Vadim Davydov, and Valentin Dudkin. "The Nuclear Magnetic Flowmeter for Monitoring the Consumption and Composition of Oil and Its Complex Mixtures in Real-Time." Energies 15, no. 9 (2022): 3259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093259.

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The necessity of increasing the efficiency of primary oil purification in a drilling station or an offshore platform has been substantiated. We consider the problems that arise during the primary processing of oil mixtures. Important conditions for increasing the efficiency of primary purification (separation) of oil mixtures include measuring the consumption and determining the content of various impurities (water, undissolved particles) and air in them, with an error of no more than 2%. We analyzed the possibilities of using various designs of flowmeters to measure the consumption of the oil

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Hu, Kaifeng, Beat Vögeli, and G. Marius Clore. "Interference between transverse cross-correlated relaxation and longitudinal relaxation affects apparent J-coupling and transverse cross-correlated relaxation." Chemical Physics Letters 423, no. 1-3 (2006): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2006.03.051.

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Malliavin, T. E., H. Desvaux, and M. A. Delsuc. "Quantitative determination of longitudinal and transverse cross-relaxation rates." Journal de Chimie Physique et de Physico-Chimie Biologique 96, no. 9/10 (1999): 1608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp:1999238.

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ARDARAVICIUS, L., J. LIBERIS, A. MATULIONIS, and M. RAMONAS. "ESTIMATION OF ELECTRON ENERGY RELAXATION TIME IN 2DEG CHANNELS FROM TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL NOISE." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 02, no. 01 (2002): L53—L63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477502000592.

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Microwave noise is investigated in heterostructures subjected to an electric field applied parallel to the interfaces. The longitudinal and transverse noise temperatures are measured and simulated in the plane of electron confinement in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the electric field. Monte Carlo simulation is performed for a subcritically doped InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructure containing a two-dimensional electron gas in a single channel. The simulated longitudinal noise temperature is found to be nearly the same as the transverse one in the field range where the interwell

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Weaver, Daniel S., та Erik R. P. Zuiderweg. "ηz∕κ: A transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy NMR experiment measuring longitudinal relaxation interference". Journal of Chemical Physics 128, № 15 (2008): 155103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2889923.

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Wood, John C., Michelle I. Aguilar, Maya Otto-Duessel, Hanspeter Nick, Marvin D. Nelson, and Rex Moats. "Influence of Iron Chelation Therapy on R1 and R2 Calibration Curves in Gerbil Liver and Heart." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1775.1775.

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Abstract Introduction: MRI is gaining increasing importance for the noninvasive quantification of organ iron burden. To date, MRI validation studies have not systematically examined the effects of different iron chelators. Since transverse relaxation rates depend on iron distribution as well as iron concentration, physiologic and pharmacologic processes that alter iron distribution could change MRI calibration curves. This paper compares the effect of three iron chelators, deferoxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox on R1 and R2 calibration curves according to two loading and chelation strategi

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Xu, Hong Yu, B. B. Xue, F. K. Cui, and X. Q. Wang. "Reflection and Refraction of Coupled Transverse and Micro-Rotational Wave at Interface between Two Micropolar Elastic Solid." Advanced Materials Research 670 (March 2013): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.670.193.

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Using the model of micropolar generalized magneto-thermo-elasticity, the coupled transverse and micro-rotational wave at an interface between two micropolar solid mediums is discussed in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The model can be applied to the coupled theory as well as to five generalizations: the Lord-Shulman theory with one relaxation time, the Green-Lindsay theory with two relaxation times, the Green-Naghdi theories of type II(without energy dissipation) and of type III, and the theory with dual-phase-lag. Using continuous conditions at the interface, the amplitude ratios

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Jiang, Yanfen, Valmik Bhargava, and Ravinder K. Mittal. "Mechanism of stretch-activated excitatory and inhibitory responses in the lower esophageal sphincter." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 297, no. 2 (2009): G397—G405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00108.2009.

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We recently found that an orally directed stretch of the esophagus activates a neurally mediated relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Goals of our study were to characterize the neural mechanisms responsible for axial and transverse stretch-activated responses in the LES. LES pressure was monitored in anesthetized and artificially ventilated mice. Sutures were placed in the esophagus to exert graded stretch in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Effects of bilateral vagotomy and pharmacological agents on the stretch-activated LES responses were investigated. The relation

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Leeb, Sarah, Fan Yang, Mikael Oliveberg, and Jens Danielsson. "Connecting Longitudinal and Transverse Relaxation Rates in Live-Cell NMR." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 124, no. 47 (2020): 10698–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08274.

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Brandt, E. H., and G. P. Mikitik. "Transverse and longitudinal vortex shaking and magnetic relaxation in superconductors." Physica C: Superconductivity 404, no. 1-4 (2004): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.110.

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40

Hafner, A., W. von Philipsborn, and A. Schwenk. "Mechanisms for the longitudinal and transverse relaxation of iron-57." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 74, no. 3 (1987): 433–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(87)90266-6.

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Foster, Richard J., Robin A. Damion, Thomas G. Baboolal, Stephen W. Smye, and Michael E. Ries. "A nuclear magnetic resonance study of water in aggrecan solutions." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 3 (2016): 150705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150705.

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Aggrecan, a highly charged macromolecule found in articular cartilage, was investigated in aqueous salt solutions with proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates were determined at two different field strengths, 9.4 T and 0.5 T, for a range of temperatures and aggrecan concentrations. The diffusion coefficients of the water molecules were also measured as a function of temperature and aggrecan concentration, using a pulsed field gradient technique at 9.4 T. Assuming an Arrhenius relationship, the activation energies for the various relaxation processes

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42

Goetz, Wolfgang A., Emmanuel Lansac, Hou-Sen Lim, Patricia A. Weber, and Carlos M. G. Duran. "Left ventricular endocardial longitudinal and transverse changes during isovolumic contraction and relaxation: a challenge." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 1 (2005): H196—H201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00867.2004.

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Left ventricular (LV) longitudinal and transverse geometric changes during isovolumic contraction and relaxation are still controversial. This confusion is compounded by traditional definitions of these phases of the cardiac cycle. High-resolution sonomicrometry studies might clarify these issues. Crystals were implanted in six sheep at the LV apex, fibrous trigones, lateral and posterior mitral annulus, base of the aortic right coronary sinus, anterior and septal endocardial wall, papillary muscle tips, and edge of the anterior and posterior mitral leaflets. Changes in distances were time rel

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Houmard, J. A., R. Smith, and G. L. Jendrasiak. "Relationship between MRI relaxation time and muscle fiber composition." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 3 (1995): 807–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.3.807.

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The relationship between nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and muscle fiber composition of the lateral gastrocnemius was examined in 13 men. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.80, P < or = 0.001) between longitudinal relaxation time and the relative percentage of slow-twitch muscle fibers (type I). There was no relationship between transverse relaxation time and type I percentage (r = 0.17, P = 0.57). These results suggest that MRI longitudinal relaxation time can be used for the noninvasive estimation of muscle fiber composition

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Peng, Jinpeng, Zhanchao Liu, Tengyue Wang, Yunkai Mao, and Binquan Zhou. "Fast calibration of magnetic field coils in miniaturized NMRGs from Rabi oscillation of nuclear spins." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (2023): 025037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137689.

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We propose a fast and accurate method for the in situ calibration of the transverse coils in miniaturized nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes based on the Rabi oscillation of hyperpolarized gaseous 129Xe nuclear spins. In contrast to the conventional method based on the free induction decay initial amplitude of different pulse durations, this method circumvents the error introduced by the frequency detuning of the transverse driving field. We experimentally confirm that the accuracy of the calibration is influenced by the longitudinal relaxation time T1, the transverse relaxation time T2, an

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Weininger, Ulrich, Carl Diehl, and Mikael Akke. "13C relaxation experiments for aromatic side chains employing longitudinal- and transverse-relaxation optimized NMR spectroscopy." Journal of Biomolecular NMR 53, no. 3 (2012): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9650-5.

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Su, Fu-Hu, Wang-Chuan Xiao, Sheann-Huei Lin, and Qiyong Li. "Cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane colloid as novel contrast agent for gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging: Transient nuclear Overhauser effect within the interface." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 35, no. 2 (2020): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328220921528.

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With good contrast in T1 and T2 weighted imaging as well as low toxicity in 3- (4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, this work proposes the cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane colloids as a novel non-ionic contrast agent for gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging. The experiments of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and relaxation show that within the interface of the colloids, there are nuclear Overhauser effect and transient nuclear Overhauser effect (cross-relaxation). Regarding the longitudinal relaxation experiments of CH2CH2O segments of Tween 80

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Yamamoto, Ei, Kozaburo Hayashi, and Noritaka Yamamoto. "Effects of Stress Shielding on the Transverse Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Patellar Tendons." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 122, no. 6 (2000): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1319660.

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With the aim of studying mechanisms of the remodeling of tendons and ligaments, the effects of stress shielding on the rabbit patellar tendon were studied by performing tensile and stress relaxation tests in the transverse direction. The tangent modulus, tensile strength, and strain at failure of non-treated, control patellar tendons in the transverse direction were 1272 kPa, 370 kPa, and 40.5 percent, respectively, whereas those of the tendons stress-shielded for 1 week were 299 kPa, 108 kPa, and 40.4 percent, respectively. Stress shielding markedly decreased tangent modulus and tensile stren

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Chen, Ming-Jye, Shu-Hsien Liao, Hong-Chang Yang, et al. "Characterizing longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates of ferrofluids in microtesla magnetic fields." Journal of Applied Physics 110, no. 12 (2011): 123911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3671420.

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Dmitriev, Vladimir V., Ivan V. Kosarev, Norbert Mulders, Vladislav V. Zavjalov, and Dmitry Ye Zmeev. "Measurements of longitudinal and transverse magnetic relaxation in superfluid confined to aerogel." Physica B: Condensed Matter 329-333 (May 2003): 322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(02)02070-7.

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Müller, Norbert. "Observation of multi-exponential longitudinal and transverse relaxation in two-dimensional NMR." Chemical Physics Letters 131, no. 3 (1986): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(86)80549-8.

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