Relevant bibliographies by topics / TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)

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Academic literature on the topic 'TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

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Stykalin, Alexander S. "The Hungarian Community of Transylvania in Its Relations With the Romanian Communist Authorities From the 1950s to the 1980s." Central-European Studies 2020, no. 3 (12) (2021): 134–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2020.3.7.

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The historical experience of Hungarian-Romanian relations in previous eras affected the relations of the Hungarian national minority of Transylvania with the Romanian communist authorities from the 1950s to the 1980s. The concept of Romania as a unitary national state excluded the idea of Hungarian territorial autonomy even within its narrowest borders; Transylvanian Hungarians were declared an integral part of the Romanian political nation. This caused growing resistance from the consolidated Hungarian minority with a highly developed national identity and with the intelligentsia, which perceived itself as the guardian of the 1000-year-old Hungarian state and cultural traditions in Transylvania. The reaction of the Transylvanian Hungarian intelligentsia to the growing Romanian nationalist challenge changed as the Ceauşescu regime evolved, giving rise to different behavioral strategies. In the late 1960s, when Romania’s independent policy was internationally recognised the dominant attitude was to influence the situation through dialogue with the authorities. Later, from the end of the 1970s, the participation of Transylvanian Hungarians in the Romanian dissident movement intensified. The policy of the K.d.r regime concerning the Hungarians in Romania also changed depending on the state of Hungary–Romania relations.
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Dudoi, Marian-Alin. "The Transylvanian issue: Swedish perspectives (1944-1945)." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 9, no. 1 (August 15, 2017): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v9i1_3.

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The study refers to the approaches of the Transylvanian issue expressed by the Swede Gustav Bolinder in a “Svensk Tidskrift” article, volume XXXI, no. 9 of 1944. The Armistice Agreement between Romania and the United Nations, signed on September 12/13, 1944, admitted that Transylvania or most of this province to be reassigned to Romania. Suddenly, the Transylvanian issue had become one of the headlines in the world. Gustaf Bolinder, who had traveled in Romania in 1943, supported the Romanian rights in a book and press articles, both in Swedish (the article referred to in this paper dates from Autumn 1944). Another Swede, namely Arvid Fredborg, wrote comments that mostly criticized Bolinder’s approaches. Bolinder’s views and Fredborg’s comments were dispatched by the USA Legation in Sweden to the State Department, in Washington DC, and studied by the author at the Central National Historical Archives of Romania, within the USA Microfilm Collection. As the Armistice Agreement between Hungary and the United Nations, signed on January 20, 1945, forbade any Hungarian claims on Transylvania only two choices remained: an independent Transylvania, an unrealizable project according to the United Nations but present in the international media, or its reintegration into Romania. The author considers that Bolinder’s synthesis mastered, among non-Romanians and non-Hungarians, the truth about Transylvanian interethnic relations at the end of World War II.
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Miklósné Zakar, Andrea. "Transylvanian Autonomy: Romanian and Saxon Models between the Two World Wars." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies 17, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auseur-2020-0002.

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Abstract The establishment of Greater Romania between 1918 and 1920 induced several social, political, administrative, and economic problems in the new state. The differences between the history and traditions of the diverse parts of the country impeded the unifying centralization efforts. The peculiarities of Transylvania and the issue of the autonomous Transylvania appeared in the writings of several intellectuals and politicians between the two world wars. In addition to the Hungarian plans, Romanian and Saxon ideas were also born, emphasizing the importance and possibilities of Transylvanian autonomy. The study tries to present some aspects of the special regionalism of Transylvania between the two world wars and to analyse some Romanian and Saxon models.
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Mehedinți-Beiean, Mihaela. "From a multi-ethnic empire to a national state: the contribution of Romanian officers in the Habsburg army to the creation of Greater Romania as presented by Transylvanian journalists." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 10, no. 1 (August 15, 2018): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v10i1_5.

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Greater Romania was created at the end of World War I as a result of both top-down and bottom-up processes that involved all social layers from Transylvania and the Old Kingdom. The present study focuses on a particular category of actors that took part in the Great Union of 1 December 1918, namely Romanian officers from the Austrian army, and on a specific set of sources, i.e. Transylvanian periodicals issued around this date. In order to answer a number of research questions centered on Romanian officers’ contribution to the historical act that took place in Alba Iulia, I used articles that appeared throughout 1918 in four Transylvanian periodicals, namely Biserica și Școala, Drapelul, Transilvania and Unirea. The study’s chief aim is to provide a clear picture of the manner in which Romanian officers from the Austrian army were depicted by the press shortly before and after Transylvania’s union with Romania was proclaimed, as well as of the nature of their participation in the events: as delegates of the National Guards or as agents whose goal was to ensure order during the meeting.
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Bezsán, Noémi. "Az erdélyi táncszínház előzményei a 20. században." Theatron 14, no. 2 (2020): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.55502/the.2020.2.92.

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The development of the contemporary Romanian dance scene and the emergence of the network of Transylvanian dance theatre are two unrelated series of events. In my paper, in addition to examining the precedents in the field of dance arts, I will conduct a comparative analysis of the appearance, the spread and in some cases, the suppression of modern dance in Romania and Transylvania.
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Drecin, Mihai D., and Nicoleta STANCA. "We „ourselves” vs. “Ourselves alone” – a single economic doctrine for all Romanians at the beginning of the 20th century?" Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on History and Archaeology 13, no. 2 (2021): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.30.

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As several generations of politicians successively acted as leaders of the Romanian National Party (PNR) in Transylvania, particularly the tribunists (1884-1892) and the new activists or “steel-hardened young men” (1903-1914), the economic, cultural, and political life of Romanians in Transylvania became more similar to that of Romanians in the Kingdom of Romania. From an economic perspective, both theorists in Transylvania and Romania were fostering the idea of a liberal “Ourselves alone” doctrine after 1900. Economic policies were established based on the resolutions adopted following the proceedings of the Economic Congresses in Iași, between 1882 and 1884. Fundamental assumptions were derived from banking and financial arguments based on the numerous and meaningful business relationships established between the National Bank of Romania and the Solidaritatea Banking Union in Sibiu, comprising almost all the Romanian banks in Transylvania.
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Șipoș, Sorin. "Revue de Transylvanie (1934-1944): Creation, Structure and Research Themes." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Historica 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 299–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2021.25.1.15.

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Revue de Transylvanie appeared in May 1934 in Cluj, at the initiative of Transylvanian intellectuals and with the financial support of Astra, its pages containing studies of good scientific quality, aiming at disseminating the results of Romanian historical research to the European scientific and public opinion. Our paper intends to outline the context in which the journal appeared, its editorial structure, its main contributors and topics throughout the years, as well as the context in which it ceased its activity. In the Foreword of its first issue, its initiators stated the reasons for starting the journal, as well as the objectives its founders had set for themselves. Silviu Dragomir, the director of the journal, and D.D. Roşca, its first editor-in-chief, intended the Revue de Transylvanie “to be a means of informing its Western readers on Transylvania through various aspects of life in a major province of post-1918 Romania”. The founders of the publication wished for the journal to be “an objective and accurate means of information” on the ethnic issues in Transylvania and particularly on minorities. Revue de Transylvanie also aimed at investigating the relations of minorities in Romania with its majority Romanian population. The journal also appeared as a reaction to the Hungarian external propaganda, which was trying to accredit the idea that, after having become a Romanian province, Transylvania experienced a regress. The journal was not founded immediately after 1918, but in 1934, when it became increasingly obvious that the political changes that had occurred in the states defeated during WWI were threatening Europe’s configuration. Even in this difficult political context, the Romanian State took a long time to get involved in financially supporting the publication. The journal achieved only some of the goals set by its founders, namely informing scientists and decision-makers in the Western states on the political and ethnic realities in Transylvania. This was due to the professionalism of the authors and their published studies on a great variety of topics, namely history, historical demography, cultural history, ethnography, linguistics etc., as well as to the 1200 free copies distributed to specialists in the country and abroad. Regarding the contributors to the issues of the journal, although their number was over 60, only a few of them were permanent contributors, i.e. Silviu Dragomir, with 9 published studies, George Sofronie, with 8 published studies, Laurian Someșan, with 6 published studies, Coriolan Petranu, with 5 studies, Ioachim Crăciun, with 5 published studies, Ioan Lupaș, with 4 studies. The journal was also a true training workshop for younger specialists who made their apprenticeship especially in the Notes and Reviews sections. Worth mentioning among the younger historians are Ioachim Crăciun, Aurel Decei, Ioan Moga, Andrei Oţetea, P.P. Panaitescu, Ştefan Pascu, Aurelian Sacer¬doţeanu, David Prodan, Virgil Vătăşianu. The journal contained good quality studies on a variety of topics, especially contributions on contemporary history, minority issues, international law, historical demography, language history, historical geography etc. Revue de Transylvanie proved to be an interdisciplinary journal in terms of both published studies and articles, and of its contributors’ formation. Disputes and polemics occurred mainly in Notes and Reviews. The political factor in Romania used only to a small extent the pertinent information provided by the specialists, and its editing team set itself difficult objectives, unachievable without political support.
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Huszthy, Bálint. "“Transylvanian Hunglish” Phonological Properties of Hungarian Accented English in Transylvania." Hungarian Studies Yearbook 4, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 131–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hsy-2022-0007.

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Abstract Hunglish is a term for Hungarian native speakers’ English pronunciation. It is a well recognisable and quite homogeneous accent, which is thoroughly described in the literature of second language acquisition. However, this paper proposes that Hungarian speakers living in Romania use a phonologically different Hunglish compared to those living in Hungary. The study is built on direct speech recordings made with 30 Hungarian speakers descending from various parts of Transylvania. Their accent is confronted with the pronunciation of 15 speakers from Hungary, who participated in the same reading experiment. Results indicate that the English pronunciation of the two groups mostly share the same phonetic and phonological features. Only a few persistent phonological differences can be identified; for instance, English open back vowels [ʌ, ɒ, ɑ] are replaced with Hungarian [ɒ] by the Transylvanian informants, and with [a] by the speakers from Hungary; Transylvanian informants preserve more English schwas and diphthongs due to their L2 Romanian, etc. The differences basically originate in the fact that Transylvanian speakers’ interlanguage is much more heterogeneous than that of Hungarians’, i.e. Transylvanians speak a substandard version of Hungarian as L1, they speak a Transylvanian dialect, they speak Romanian at high level as L2, and they usually speak further foreign languages as well beyond English; these varieties all affect their foreign accent. The paper takes account of the most important characteristics of Transylvanian Hunglish, with a synchronic phono-logical analysis, and a contrastive analysis with the general phonological properties of Hunglish found in the literature.
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Csata, Zsombor, and László Károly Marácz. "Prospects on Hungarian as a Regional Official Language and Szeklerland’s Territorial Autonomy in Romania." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 23, no. 4 (November 18, 2016): 530–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02304005.

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This article analyses two options the Hungarian ethno-linguistic community in the Transylvanian region of Romania has in order to preserve its ethno-linguistic identity. Firstly, there is the option of unrestricted language use in the public domain. At present the Romanian legal framework assigns members of the Hungarian speaking community in Transylvania individual linguistic and cultural rights only. The Romanian language policy is further restricted by a threshold rule. The ratio of minority must number 20 per cent of the total inhabitants of a certain administrative-territorial unit in order to have their language recognised officially. The second possibility is that historical territories where Transylvanian Hungarians statistically form a dominant majority (i.e. Szeklerland) are granted territorial autonomy. The territoriality principle would secure linguistic minority rights. We will conclude that the prospects for Hungarian as a regional language in Romania are more realistic than the recognition of Szeklerland’s territorial autonomy.
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Veress, Emőd. "Integration of Transylvania into Romania from the Perspective of Private Law (1918−1945)." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Legal Studies 9, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2020.9.2.07.

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In the following study, we present the legal history of Transylvania following the unification of this territory with Romania at the end of the First World War, and until the installation in Romania of the Soviet-type dictatorship. The heterogeneity of the Romanian legal system resulting from the country’s territorial gains is discussed as well as the various attempts at integrating Transylvanian law into the nascent legal order of Greater Romania. We also present the short interregnum in which Hungarian private law was again applied between 1940 and 1944. The Romanian legislator, facing the imperative necessity of creating a unified national legal order, had the choice of two paths: extend the already outdated laws of the Old Kingdom of Romania to the newly acquired territories or adopt new unitary laws. Both paths were taken depending on the field of law and the historical period concerned, as presented. Finally, the legislator opted for the extension of the laws of the Old Kingdom at the end of the Second World War, even in fields where better-quality norms were enacted during the reign of King Carol II but were never implemented.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

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Schiltz, Anne. "Les institutions de voisinage en Transylvanie: transmission d'une pratique du don." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210275.

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La Nachbarschaft ou « institution de voisinage » est une forme d’entraide instituée pratiquée en Transylvanie/Roumanie depuis des siècles. Elle se réfère à une forme spécifique et organisée de relations de voisinage au sein des différents groupes ethniques roumain, tsigane, saxon ou hongrois.

L’évolution de la cohabitation interethnique, la définition et les revendications des uns et des autres sont intimement liées à l’articulation des relations économiques, sociales, de pouvoir et d’autonomie à travers le temps. Les relations qualifiées aujourd’hui d’« interethniques » s’inscrivent dans un lent processus de cohabitation, à différentes échelles, dont les catégories ont perduré mais ont changé de signification au cours des siècles.

Quelle est la place de cette institution vieille de plusieurs siècles dans la Roumanie actuelle, dite « en transition » depuis la chute du régime communiste? Les institutions de voisinage continuent-elles à combler un certain vide laissé par l’Etat ?Alors que la construction de la « société civile », terme clé de la littérature scientifique sur la transition des pays de l’Est, est un des processus jugés vitaux dans les années suivant la chute du mur, l’institution de voisinage n’a pas arrêté d’investir cet échelon de vie collective. Comment investit-elle cet espace d’échange entre unités domestiques, sur quoi est fondé cet échange ?Enfin, quelles sont les dynamiques qui l’animent et qui conditionnent sa transmission ?


Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Crai, Eugen. "The vampires of Transylvania : ethnic accommodation and legal pluralism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64267.pdf.

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Burcea, Horatiu L. "Policies of cultural assimilation in Transylvania : Magyarization and Romanianization." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1538078.

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This paper examines the issue of cultural assimilation in terms of Romanianization and Magyarization from the angle of a historical ethnography conducted in the Transylvanian village of Ghimeş-Făget, Bacău. These two concepts are readings of social change based on the assumption that the deep social transformations that Transylvania experienced during the changes of rule in the region between Hungary and Romania were parallel to the implementation of deliberate strategies of assimilation. More than simple reforms, these social changes are considered to have created shifts in the population's language, religion, sense of historical heritage and national identity. According to this perspective, Transylvania thus became Magyarized during Hungarian rule, and Romanianized after 1920. Focusing on the evolution of the educational system as a key factor in the execution of these policies, this paper attempts to demonstrate how these two processes can be related to each other and become, in a sense, complementary; it also develops an interpretation of the phenomenon of reassimilation through the concept of “national therapy.”
Introduction : Transylvania's multiculturalism -- Literature and theory -- Research methods -- Historical ethnography of Ghimeş-Făget -- Conclusions.
Department of Anthropology
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Artenie, Cristina. "Transylvania and romania in scholarly editions of Bram Stoker's Dracula." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26404.

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À partir des années 1970, le roman Dracula de Bram Stoker (1897) a connu une série inattendue d’éditions critiques, qui ont contribué en même temps à la canonisation d’une œuvre de fiction considérée auparavant comme dédaignable et à la perpétuation des points de vue du roman sur la Transylvanie et la Roumanie. En général, les éditeurs suivent le principe selon lequel les annotations doivent permettre au public d’aujourd’hui d’avoir une expérience de lecture similaire à celle des premiers lecteurs et aussi proche de l’intention de l’auteur que possible. Dans le cas de Dracula, cela présuppose que beaucoup des choix idéologiques de Stoker restent inexpliqués et indisputés, tandis que ses représentations des peuples et des lieux “lointains” sont soutenues par l’usage que font les éditeurs des notes de travail du romancier. Stoker a pris note, en les modifiant, des centaines de citations de différentes sources qu’il a ensuite incorporées dans le texte du roman. Les éditeurs de Dracula se fient à ces notes, sans prendre en compte les changements opérés par le romancier, les passages qu’il a utilisés mais qui n’apparaissent pas dans les notes, ou le fait que les sources sont souvent biaisées ou simplement érronées. Ainsi, les éditions critiques du roman de Stoker préservent et même contribuent au processus d’altérisation commencé par l’auteur de Dracula. L’analyse du discours d’altérisation est directement liée à la discussion du contexte historique du roman, c’est-à-dire le statut néo-colonial de la Roumanie, abordé dans la deuxième partie de cette étude. Les faits qui y sont mis en valeur montrent que ce que Stoker savait et ceux qu’il connaissait ont influencé ses choix d’endroits, de personnages et d’intrigue. L’implication de la Grande Bretagne dans l’économie et la politique de la region, avant et après la Guerre de Crimée, attestée par la présence des aventuriers coloniaux britaniques et par celle de la marine militaire anglaise sur le Danube, n’a guère était étudiée par les historiens. Le même peut être dit de l’implication de Londres au sein de la Commission Européenne du Danube. La présente étude pourrait aussi être utile aux spécialistes du postcolonialisme, de la mondialisation ou à ceux qui s’intéressent aux transformations apportées par le capitalisme dans le Bas Danube et à l’intégration des principautés roumains dans le marché économique mondial. Stoker a trouvé ses sources parmi les écrits des voyageurs en Transylvanie et Roumanie qui se préoccupaient des avantages économiques offerts par ces pays. Leurs écrits ont d’abord stimulé et ensuite soutenu l’implication de la Grande Bretagne dans l’économie de la région. La présente thèse va au-delà d’une autre frontière, en passant des études littéraires à l’anthropologie. Les anthropologues culturels peuvent trouver utile la discussion du temps et de la différence dans le roman de Stoker et dans les annotations des éditeurs. Dans les deux cas, il s’agit de la collection et de la manipulation des données concernant une région européenne « lointaine ». La (non)existence des croyances aux vampires est une situation qui peut fournir un aperçu des pratiques traditionnelles mais aussi, ce qui est plus important, des conséquences profondes du travail anthropologique du dix-neuvième siècle. Bien qu’elle soit un examen des éditions les plus richement annotées du roman de Bram Stoker, la présente étude est interdisciplinaire. Elle utilise des théories et des conceptes de plusieurs domaines, tout en attirant l’attention sur les liens complexes entre la culture, l’histoire, la politique et l’économie. Ce que cette étude montre surtout, c’est le lien étroit entre l’objet littéraire et le contexte dans lequel il a été produit.
Since the 1970s, Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897) has gone through an unexpectedly long series of scholarly editions, which has contributed both to the canonisation of a work of fiction previously considered undeserving and to the perpetuation of the novel’s views on Transylvania and Romania. As a rule, editors follow the principle according to which their annotations should allow today’s audience a reading experience similar to that of the original reader and as close to the author’s intention as possible. In Dracula’s case, this means that much of Stoker’s ideological choices remain unexplained and unchallenged, while his representations of “remote” people and places are supported by the editors’ use of the writer’s working notes. Stoker took down, in altered form, hundreds of quotes from several sources that he incorporated into the text of the novel. The editors of Dracula rely heavily on these notes, without taking into account the changes brought by the novelist, the passages that he used but do not appear in the notes, and the fact that the sources were often biased or simply wrong. Thus, the many scholarly editions of Stoker’s novel preserve and even enhance its original process of othering. The analysis of the othering discourse is closely linked to the discussion of the historical context of the novel, that is, to the neo-colonial status of Romania, examined in the second part of this study. The information unearthed here shows that who and what Stoker knew influenced his choice of place, plot and character, which can provide a new line of inquiry for both literary critics and historians. The involvement of Great Britain in the economy and politics of the region, before and after the Crimean War, attested by the presence of British colonial adventurers and by that of the British navy on the river Danube, has only been marginally studied by historians, and the same is true about the study of the British involvement in the European Commission of the Danube. The present study can be equally useful to scholars engaged with postcolonialism, globalisation, and the transformations brought about by capitalism in the Lower Danube region and by the integration of the Romanian principalities into the world market economy. Stoker’s sources were travellers to Transylvania and Romania who were preoccupied with the economic advantages those countries had to offer. Their writings both stimulated and, later, supported the British involvement in the economy of the region. This dissertation crosses yet another boundary, from literary studies into anthropology. Cultural anthropologists can find useful the discussion of time and difference in Stoker’s novel and in the annotations of the editors, both of which involve the collection and manipulation of data from a “remote” European region. In the case of Dracula, the (non)existence of vampire beliefs is an interesting case study which provides insight into the practice but, more importantly, into the far-reaching consequences of nineteenth-century anthropological work. Although an examination of the most heavily annotated scholarly editions of Bram Stoker’s vampire novel, the present study is interdisciplinary. It employs theories and concepts from several fields, thus bringing to the fore the intricate links between culture, history, politics and economy. What this study shows, more importantly, is the close link between the literary object and the context in which it was produced.
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Sunday, Julie Rethmann Petra. "Expanding borders: creating latitude for Hungarian-minority autonomy within Transylvania, Romania, and a new Europe /." *McMaster only, 2005.

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Szocs, Brigitta E. "The implications identity construction and self-identification can have in a borderland region of Transylvania, Romania." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1540711.

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Ghimes-Faget, Transylvania, Romania is a complex region where ethnic identity is not clear. The area has been going through a continuing process of change. In the past century, history has been an important aspect in the daily lives of the residing individuals. With the constant changes in history, this has impacted ethnic identity in the region. This region is posed to be “the Csango” region in Transylvania and continues to increase in tourism. However, when examined in detail of how people in Ghimes-Faget ethnically identify themselves, a number of factors influence their decision. This thesis will examine the factors and the elements that I have found to be essential when discussing ethnic identity in the Ghimes region. I will provide examples from field research that was conducted in Ghimes-Faget in the summer of 2008.
Theoretical discussion -- Historical perspective -- Fieldwork in Ghimes-Faget -- Ethnic identity in Ghimes-Faget -- Factors affecting Csango ethnicity.
Department of Anthropology
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Broscatan, Monica Simona. "19th century furniture of Southern Transylvania : a survey and analysis of the vernacular tradition." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251262.

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Roşu, Felicia. "Contractual majesty electoral politics in Transylvania and Poland-Lithuania, 1571-1586 /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/454250042/viewonline.

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Davis, Sacha Edward History &amp Philosophy Faculty of Arts &amp Social Sciences UNSW. "Minority responses to the nation-state: Transylvanian Saxon ethno-corporatism, 1919-1933." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40698.

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The Transylvanian Saxons provide a case study of how small minorities respond to their lack of statehood and the imposition of an "alien" nation-state upon them. In this thesis, I will argue that, as with many other minorities unwilling or unable to form a nation-state in their own right, the Saxons sought collective rights on the basis of self-determination. This included access to resources, self-administration, an independent education system, the ability to exclude outgroups and powers by which to ensure social norms within the community. Their aims did not include territorial autonomy or independence, and for this reason it is necessary to consider their strivings as distinct from nationalism. I term this attempt to secure collective self-determination by non-territorial means "ethnocorporatism". The goals of Saxon ethno-corporatism were influenced by the broader discussion of minority rights in interwar Europe before and after the First World War. In this sense, the Saxons were typical of many small communities in interwar Europe. The Saxons approached the challenges of ethno-corporatism by numerous means. These included the pursuit of collective legal rights by negotiation with the Romanian state, positing a broader multi-ethnic Transylvanian polity that would guarantee collective ethnic rights, pursuing ethno-corporatism under the banner of religious freedoms and seeking to strengthen ties with other German communities. While a number of these strategies met with partial success, none fully compensated for the lack of a state, and all fell short of Saxon expectations. I argue that disappointment with other attempts to achieve ethnocorporate status led to growing radicaIisation of Saxon ethnic identity, and to the eventual adoption of fascism. In this sense, while influenced by currents from Germany, Saxon "National Socialism" can paradoxically be seen as stemming from the pursuit of minority right.
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Fall, Andras. "Fluid evolution in the nepheline syenites of the Ditrău Alkaline Massif, Transylvania, Romania." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31681.

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The Ditrău Alkaline Massif (Romania) is located in the Eastern Carpathians, as an intrusion in the Bukovina nappe system of the Mesozoic crystalline zone. Nepheline syenites are the most abundant rocks occurring in the central and eastern part of the Massif, and represent the youngest intrusion of the complex. Petrographic observations and fluid inclusion studies were performed on nepheline syenites in order to examine the evolution and the effect of the magmatic fluids on the alteration of nepheline to secondary minerals as sodalite, cancrinite and analcime. Fluid inclusion studies in nepheline, aegirine, albite and cancrinite provide evidence for the role of highly saline fluids in incongruent transformation reactions by which sodalite, cancrinite and analcime crystallize mostly on the expense of nepheline. The fluids, in most cases, can be modeled by the H2O-NaCl system with various NaCl contents; however inclusions with more complex fluid (containing also K, Ca, CO3, etc. besides H2O and NaCl) composition are abundant. Raman spectroscopic studies of daughter minerals in inclusions demonstrate the presence of alkali-carbonatic fluids in some of the earliest inclusions of nepheline, aegirine and albite. The alteration process is supported by the presence of H2O-NaCl fluid inclusions in cancrinite, showing lower salinity compared to those in nepheline. During the crystallization period of the nepheline syenites the rock was in equilibrium with a high salinity, carbonate rich solution that evolved to decreased salinity with time. The following observations support this: - paragenesis of mineral phases and their fluid inclusions: the early phases have high salinity inclusions and the late phases have low-salinity inclusions - the partitioning of chlorine depends on the pressure of the system: at about 2.0 kbars, the fluids coexisting with the melt have a high initial salinity and the salinity decreases with time; inclusions in nepheline show the lowest trapping pressure at ~2.5 kbars, hence the system has a high initial salinity and decreases with time - aH2O increases with time, resulting in the formation of H2O-bearing phases in a late stage of the crystallization of nepheline syenites.
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Books on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

1

Murphy, Dervla. Transylvania and beyond. Anstey: F.A. Thorpe, 1993.

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Verne, Jules. The castle in Transylvania. Brooklyn, NY: Melville House Pub., 2010.

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Iancu, Gheorghe. The Ruling Council: The integration of Transylvania into Romania, 1918-1920. Cluj-Napoca: Center for Transylvanian Studies, 1995.

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Murphy, Dervla. Transylvania and beyond: A travel memoir. Woodstock, N.Y: Overlook Press, 1995.

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Murphy, Dervla. Transylvania and beyond: A travel memoir. Woodstock, N.Y: Overlook Press, 1993.

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Funnemark, Björn Cato. S.O.S. Transylvania: A report on suppression of the Hungarian minority in Romania. Vienna, Austria: International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, 1988.

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Oldson, William O. The politics of rite: Jesuit, uniate, and Romanian ethnicity in 18th century Transylvania. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 2006.

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Fischer, Lisa. Eden hinter den Wäldern: Samuel von Brukenthal : Politiker, Sammler, Freimaurer in Hermannstadt/Sibiu. Sibiu: Hora, 2007.

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Dezso, Benedek, and Kubinyi Laszlo 1937 ill, eds. Ghosts, vampires, and werewolves: Eerie tales from Transylvania. New York: Orchard Books, 1994.

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Federation, Transylvanian World, and Danubian Research Center, eds. Genocide in Translyvania: Nation on the death row : a documentary. Astor, Fla: Danubian Press, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

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Keren-Kratz, Menachem. "Hungarian Orthodoxy in Transylvania, Romania*." In Jewish Hungarian Orthodoxy, 98–116. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003436676-9.

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Fazakas, József Zoltán, Zsolt Fegyveresi, and Emőd Veress. "Transylvania as Part of Romania (1918/20-Present)." In Constitutional History of Transylvania, 301–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22166-8_7.

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Swain, Nigel, and Mária Vincze. "Agricultural Restructuring in Transylvania in the Post-Communist Period." In Post-Communist Romania, 175–90. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977910_9.

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Ferenczi, Andreea, and Cornel Micu. "Low Attachment to an EU that Is Associated with Mobility. Students’ EU Perceptions in Two Romanian Peripheral Towns." In The Future of Europe, 99–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29793-9_8.

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AbstractIn Romania, the EU accession was overwhelmingly supported by the people but over time the support, although still high, started to dwindle. As a contribution to understand the opinions regarding the EU in Romanian society, this chapter reports the empirical findings of group discussions with students aged 16 and 17 in two Romanian small towns in peripheral areas. The two selected towns, Moreni in the southern part of Romania and Caransebeș in Transylvania, are rather different with regard to their general layout and history. Despite these differences, the students viewed the debated issues in broadly the same way. As the report reveals, they emphasised the lack of information regarding the EU and the rights associated with EU citizenship, and expressed interest in learning more about these topics. They didn’t fully relate to the European identity values and prioritised their national or local identity instead.
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Péter, László. "Southern-Transylvania—Further Faces of the Extended Phenomenon." In Forbidden Football in Ceausescu’s Romania, 85–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70709-9_5.

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Gurzau, Anca Elena. "Drinking Water Security and Health in Transylvania, Romania." In Decision Support for Natural Disasters and Intentional Threats to Water Security, 93–107. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2713-9_6.

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Popa, Maria, and Ioana Glevitzky. "Groundwater Safety by Monitoring Quality Parameters in Transylvania, Romania." In Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications, 421–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76008-3_18.

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Curtean-Bănăduc, Angela, and Doru Bănăduc. "Human Impact Effects on Târnava River Basin Aquatic Biodiversity (Transylvania, Romania)." In Geobotany Studies, 425–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37242-2_20.

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Niculescu, G., R. Oanţă-Marghitu, and M. Georgescu. "On the Gold Adornments from Apahida-Fifth Century AD, Transylvania, Romania." In Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Archaeometry, 13th - 16th May 2008, Siena, Italy, 617–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14678-7_90.

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Laslo, Éva, Éva György, Beáta Ábrahám, and Gyöngyvér Mara. "Bacterial Strains with Nutrient Mobilisation Ability from Ciuc Mountains (Transylvania Region, Romania)." In Plant-Microbe Interactions in Agro-Ecological Perspectives, 531–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5813-4_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

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Boamfa, Ionel. "ELECTORAL PROCESSES IN THE OLT COUNTRY (1300-2020)." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s01.003.

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The article aims to highlight the chrono-spatial distribution of electoral processes in the Olt Country (southern Transylvania, Romania), in the last seven centuries. For the medieval era we have information related to the election of members (boyars) of the Superior Seat of Fagara?, an institution of regional autonomy preserved by both the Muntenian rule (before 1462) and the Transylvanian (XVI-XVII centuries), and in the first phase (XVIIIth century), by the Habsburg Court in Vienna too. For the middle of the XIXth century, we have information related to the district elections of the revolutionary year 1848, the municipal elections of 1861, or those related to the Transylvanian Diet of 1863. From the period of the Austro-Hungarian dualism (1867- 1918) the available data are related to legislative and local elections. After the Union of Transylvania with Romania (December 1, 1918), the electoral data refer, both for the interwar period (1919-1939), for the communist regime (1946-1989) and for the years of post-communist democracy (after 1989), both to parliamentary and local elections. The last interval also includes detailed electoral data, at communal level, related to both legislative and local elections. In conclusion, the analysis of the electoral results for the entire interval highlights the presence, mainly among the winners of electoral competitions, of Romanian representatives � including for the period before 1918 � and the "alignment" of the Olt Country, in the last century, to Romanian national trends.
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Tanase, Maria. "CUSCUTA SPECIES (CONVOLVULACEAE) IN SOUTH-EAST TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/be5.v1/s20.032.

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Muntean, Liviu. "STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (A CASE STUDY: TRANSYLVANIA MOTORWAY PROJECT, ROMANIA)." In 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2016. Stef92 Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2016/b23/s11.059.

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BUZOIANU, Ovidiu Andrei Cristian, Oana IACOB PARGARU, Irina Elena PETRESCU, and Radu Alexandru CHIOTAN. "ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ROMANIA – TRANSYLVANIA BANK." In INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE. Editura ASE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/imc/2023/04.10.

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With the development of the industry, they have the term of short credit operations of the production cycle. The credit term gradually increased, part of the Bank's resources began to be invested in fixed capital, securities, etc., thus the term "commercial" in the notion of bank has lost its original meaning. Now, this term implies the "business" character of the bank, its orientation towards serving all economic agents regardless of the sphere of activity. In the modern market economy, the activity of commercial banks has a major role with all their connections with the sectors of the economy. The purpose of banks is to ensure the continuous circulation of capital and money, lending to industrial enterprises, the state and the population, creation favorable conditions for economic growth. Modern commercial banks, having the role of financial intermediaries, perform an important macroeconomic function, ensuring the inter-branch and inter-regional redistribution of monetary capital. The objective of this article is based on an effective analysis of the situation of commercial banks in Romania, with Transilvania Bamk as the direct target. Thus, the scope of the work is a financial-banking one, which can lead to a comparative study with the other institutions.
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Cristea-Enache, Daniel. "Grigore Vieru and the Romanian Sixties Literary Generation of Poets." In Conferință științifică internațională "Filologia modernă: realizări şi perspective în context european". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2022.16.32.

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There is an identity function of poetry, of literature, that shapes the symbolic consistency of a collective spirit, a map of emblematic landmarks of a national community. Goga and Cotruș are representative for Transylvania, Vieru and Păunescu are emblematic for Moldavians, whereas Eminescu is emblematic for the Romanians of all the historic provinces. For those living in Basarabia, Vieru represents a prophet of their Nation, an apostle of the Romanian Nation standing against the historic oppression, in the form of the Russian camps. To the elitists and relativists from Romania, Vieru is regarded as a representative of the traditionalist literary currents, frozen into an obsolete aesthetic manner and a heroic dimension out of phase. The article portrays Vieru’s relations with the Romanian 60’s generation of poets and their lyrical formulas assumed by Modernism.
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Buse, Dorel. "ROMANIA DURING 1918-1919 AFTER 100 YEARS IN DIGITAL MEDIA." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-278.

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A page of history is now at 100 hundred years rewritten and the digital media and authors use it for promotion. The study has two parts, historical facts and a short analyse on the tools used to promote it. Historical context starts, on June 5, 1918, the Treaty of Peace imposed on Romania by the Central Powers was ratified by Parliament and forwarded to the King for promulgation; he postponed the signing of this treaty. As the French army began to cross the Danube, on November 10, at Giurgiu, Zimnicea, Turnu Magurele and other points, the Romanian army re-joined the war, Romania proving "de facto" that it is in the allied camp. In this setting, on 11 November 1918, the Compiegne Armistice, between Germany and the Allied Powers, was signed, acknowledging, among other things, the caducity of the Bucharest Peace Treaty. At the same time, the end of the war brought with it the completion of the process of unification of all the Romanian provinces under one standard. And as the complete unity of Romania could not have been made without the inhabitants of Transylvania, the "cradle of the formation of the Romanian nation" for which the Romanian army had crossed the Carpathians, on 18 November / 1 December 1918, the Great National Assembly in Alba Iulia voted "the unification of all the territories inhabited by the Romanians from the former Austro-Hungarian monarchy with Romania". The digital development of this page of history was approached by both historians and media. The study show that the papers has a 27% of the covering of the event, the rest being covert by various encyclopaedia, blogs and essays. By channel by far Facebook covers the news on that event followed by Youtube and What’s Up.
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Coman, Andreea, and Doina Todea. "Determinants of cigarette smoking consumption among adolescents from Transylvania region, Romania." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa1186.

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Mitrică, Bianca, Irena Mocanu, Ines Grigorescu, and Monica Dumitraşcu. "CULTURAL TOURISM IN ROMANIA – A GENERAL OUTLINE OF THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/28.

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At the international and national level there is a strong connection between culture and tourism, tourism representing an important factor of the economic development by capitalizing the tourist potential of the cultural elements. Romania has a rich and valuable heritage potential with tourist attractions included on the map of European cultural routes. The challenge for Romania is the weak promotion of the cultural tourism due to the difficulties in developing a better infrastructure for a high accessibility to cultural attractions. The literature offers a wide range of definitions of cultural tourism which emphasize the complexity of this phenomenon. The Romanian literature lacks a thorough documentation on the cultural tourism as a whole, most of studies being concentrated on general approaches i.e. introduction to cultural tourism, analysis of the cultural tourism trends, sustainable development and perspectives, Romanian heritage, promoting strategies. Some papers are concentrated on specific areas of Romania such as Transylvania, with the medieval cities, fortresses and castles, Bucovina, with the painted monasteries and traditional artefacts, Maramureş, with the rural tourism and cultural heritage, as well as Black Sea Coast and Danube Delta. Other papers are related to cultural attractions like museums, orchestra performances, restaurants, hotels in some developed areas, and to traditional or religious rituals, popular art or folklore events in some less developed areas and how they could promote and revive the Romanian tourism or other areas with a low or medium level of capitalization of cultural attractions. Within this broader context, the paper aims to review and discuss the definitions and concepts of cultural tourism in Romania and identify the main types of cultural tourism practiced and addressed by the literature.
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Radu, Roxana-Andreea, Camelia Teodorescu, Ana-Maria Ciobotaru, Iulia Daniela Nedelcu, and Razvan Catalin Dobrea. "FAVORING AND DISFAVORING FACTORS FOR CULTURAL TOURISM EXPLOITING OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA." In 5th INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE GEOBALCANICA 2019. Geobalcanica Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18509/gbp.2019.49.

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Georgescu, P. D., S. T. Petrescu, and T. F. Iuhas. "Restructuring the Uranium Mining Industry in Romania: Actual Situation and Prospects." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22657.

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Uranium prospecting in Romania has started some 50 years ago, when a bilateral agreement between Romania and the former Soviet Union had been concluded and a joint Romanian-Soviet enterprise was created. The production started in 1952 by the opening of some deposits from western Transylvania (Bihor and Ciudanovita). From 1962 the production has continued only with Romanian participation on the ore deposit Avram Iancu and from 1985 on the deposits from Eastern Carpathians (Crucea and Botusana). Starting with 1978 the extracted ores have been completely processed in the Uranium Ore Processing Plant from Feldioara, Brasov. Complying with the initial stipulations of the Nuclear National Program launched at the beginning of the 1980s, the construction of a nuclear power station in Cernavoda has started in Romania, using natural uranium and heavy water (CANDU type), having five units of 650 MW installed capacity. After 1989 this initial Nuclear National Program was revised and the construction of the first unit (number 1) was finalized and put in operation in 1996. In 2001 the works at the unit number 2 were resumed, having the year 2005 as the scheduled activating date. The future of the other 3 units, being in different construction phases, hasn’t been clearly decided. Taking into consideration the exhaustion degree of some ore deposits and from the prospect of exploiting other ore deposits, the uranium industry will be subject of an ample restructuring process. This process includes workings of modernization of the mines in operation and of the processing plant, increasing the profitableness, lowering of the production costs by closing out and ecological rehabilitation of some areas affected by mining works and even new openings of some uraniferous exploitations. This paper presents the actual situation and the prospects of uranium mining industry on the base of some new technical and economical strategic concepts in accordance with the actual Romanian Program for Nuclear Energetics.
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Reports on the topic "TRANSYLVANIA (Romania)"

1

Őri, Péter, and Levente Pakot. Census and census-like material preserved in the archives of Hungary, Slovakia and Transylvania (Romania), 18-19th centuries. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2011-020.

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Transylvanian Composite Total Petroleum System of the Transylvanian Basin Province, Romania, Eastern Europe. US Geological Survey, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2204e.

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