Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trap rich / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Trap rich.

Journal articles on the topic 'Trap rich'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Trap rich.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Craik, Clive. "Quantitative comparisons of moth-trap catches." Entomologist's Gazette 71, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31184/g00138894.711.1732.

Full text

Abstract:

A simple method was used to compare the catches of seven different pairs of light-emitting moth-traps. Numbers of macro-moth individuals and species caught nightly by each member of a pair were recorded in comparisons that lasted between ten and 79 nights. A Robinson trap made significantly larger catches than a Skinner trap with an identical bulb, and a Robinson trap at ground level made significantly larger catches than an identical trap at a height of 90 cm. A 125 W MV bulb made significantly larger catches than an equivalent Wood's glass bulb or a multiple LED dome. No significant differences were found between a Robinson trap with a 125 W MV bulb and one with an 80 W MV bulb, or between two commercial brands of 125 W MV bulbs, or between two identical 125 W MV bulbs. This last comparison showed significant differences between the two sites used for these trials, apparently caused by a large flowering Buddleia at the more productive site. The findings suggest that catches may be maximised by using Robinson moth traps with 125 W MV bulbs, rather than the other traps or light sources tested here, and by placing them on the ground close to flowering Buddleia or other nectar-rich shrubs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wolcott, Daniel M., Madison R. Ackerman, and Michael L. Kennedy. "Assessing capture success of small mammals due to trap orientation in field–forest edge habitat." Canadian Field-Naturalist 128, no. 2 (July 6, 2014): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v128i2.1585.

Full text

Abstract:

The prediction that trap orientation would not affect the likelihood of capturing small, non-volant mammals in field–forest edge habitat was tested during late May and early June 2010 at 3 locations in western Tennessee. Traps were placed in pairs along transects in edge habitats with the orientation of one trap facing outward, toward the field, and the other oriented inward, toward the forest. Results reflected no differential capture success due to trap orientation among ages, sexes, species, or locations. This finding should facilitate the inventorying and monitoring of small mammals in an abundant and potentially species-rich habitat type found in many terrestrial regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mehr, Payam, Xiong Zhang, William Lepkowski, Chaojiang Li, and Trevor J. Thornton. "SOI MESFETs on high-resistivity, trap-rich substrates." Solid-State Electronics 142 (April 2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2018.02.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Liu, Meng, Jakub Čížek, Cynthia S. T. Chang, and John Banhart. "A Positron Study of Early Clustering in Al-Mg-Si Alloys." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.33.

Full text

Abstract:

Early stages of clustering in quenched Al-Mg-Si alloys during natural ageing were studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy utilizing its unique sensitivity to electron density differences in various atomic defects. Two different positron trapping sites could be identified, one related to a vacancy-type defect, the other to solute clusters. The first trap is deep, i.e. irreversibly traps positrons, the second shallow, from which positrons can escape, which creates the signature of a temperature-dependent positron lifetime. During the first 80 min of NA, the vacancy-related contribution decreases, while the solute clusters increasingly trap positrons, thus reflecting their continuous growth and power to trap positrons. Coincident Doppler broadening spectroscopy of the annihilation radiation shows that the annihilation sites are Si-rich after quenching but contain more Mg after 70 min.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bishop, Richard S. "Implications of source overcharge for prospect assessment." Interpretation 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): T93—T107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0114.1.

Full text

Abstract:

A fundamental aspect of prospect evaluation is whether the trap volume or the charge volume limits the volume of trapped hydrocarbons. Traps filled to a leak point are full traps, although I rarely describe them as such. I commonly say “full to spill” but rarely do I hear “full to a leak point.” Why not? A summary of literature from fault leakage, seeps, field studies, and theoretical source-yield calculations illustrates the implication that source overcharge (i.e., the charge exceeding the trap volume) occurs in basins that vary widely in age and tectonic setting. Perhaps surprisingly, this is true for oil and gas fields and for a wide range of source rock quality from rich to lean. The most obvious implication from source overcharge is that the volume of trapped hydrocarbons is limited by the absolute volume of the trap. Less obvious is the recognition that if oil and free gas are available to a trap, gas will displace the oil. Thus, if there are no gas leaks, the trap will contain only gas. If there is preferential leakage of gas, then the trap may contain a gas cap and an oil leg. Furthermore, the occurrence of oils saturated with gas likely indicates selective leakage of free gas. Hydrocarbon contacts (whether oil-water, gas-oil, or gas-water) are interpreted to define the leak or spill point or seal capacity. Thus, instead of using continuous statistical distributions to describe all elements of traps, some elements such as area are more appropriately described as discrete values and a full assessment may be a combination of discrete plus continuous statistical distributions. Overcharge may also lead to different interpretations of risk. Interpreting the trap volume, particularly with leak points, leads to the notion that risk evaluation might consider the number and quality of potential leak points.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

El-Diwany, Tariq. "Global Trap." American Journal of Islam and Society 15, no. 1 (April 1, 1998): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v15i1.2208.

Full text

Abstract:

This book presents a most readable perspective on economic and social trendsin the coming century. Though retaining a European focus throughout, the materialspans the world and supports arguments that are of relevance to individualsin whichever continent they may live. The authors describe an incessant marchtoward globalization in finance and industry, a march that is forcing politicalchange upon a Europe that is simply unprepared, a march toward the GlobalTrap.Opening the book, the reader finds himself in San Francisco’s Fairmont Hotel,an oasis of luxury in a desert of mere wealth, where the world’s leading thinkersand elder statesmen have gathered to discuss the future of our planet for anappropriate fee. A most plausible economic horror story follows. In the not-toodistantfuture, machines will replace humans in so many spheres of industry thatthere will be sufficient work for only 20 percent of the developed world’s population.In this 2080 society the 20 percent shall surround themselves with electronicsecurity and wire fences and the 80 percent will be doped with welfarepayments, trivial game shows, and other such “tittytainment.” Amusing catchphrasesspice Global Trap, trivializing yet somehow succeeding in summarizinga whole worldview. One immediately recognizes “MacWorld versus Jihad”as the much predicted confrontation between free market capitalism and Islam.The authors’ main concerns are expounded in a serious manner. They discussthe nature of the massive modem conglomerate whose control lies beyond thereach of national government. Moving their production to the least expensivelocations, these seemingly anonymous entities by default produce their wares inthose countries where environmental protection and employee rights are at aminimum. In another discussion, one’s attention is turned to the speculatorwhose activity impacts upon so many significant areas of modem life.Much attention is paid to the rapidly widening gap between the rich world andthe poor world, a gap which threatens the survival of both. In a sobering portrayalof one possible European future, the barriers are raised against floods ofcheap imports and of immigrants wishing’that they too could share the livingstandards of the rich world. But the immigrant finds himself in the midst of adifferent kind of economic nightmare, a world in which life on a human scale isno longer possible or profitable. in which the individual is enslaved in mortgagedebt, works at maximum output, or, does not work at all. Feeling that they nolonger have a voice in their own destiny, the indigenous population turns towardradical political solutions, toward the protectionist, the xenophobe, and the fascistDoes any of this sound familiar? Of course, the genre of doom and gloom hasa long pedigree, but this is not intellectual pornography for those awaiting theend of the world. There is little, if any, wild extrapolation of current trends inorder to predict future despair. Instead, the authors present well-researched factto support their forecast of what might be if solutions are not found in time ...

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Kurpeta, J., V. V. Elomaa, T. Eronen, J. Hakala, A. Jokinen, P. Karvonen, I. Moore, et al. "Penning trap assisted decay spectroscopy of neutron-rich 115Ru." European Physical Journal A 31, no. 3 (March 2007): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2007-10009-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Barthelemy, Jillian, Kristen Sanchez, Mark R. Miller, and Haneen Khreis. "New Opportunities to Mitigate the Burden of Disease Caused by Traffic Related Air Pollution: Antioxidant-Rich Diets and Supplements." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020630.

Full text

Abstract:

Air pollution is associated with premature mortality and a wide spectrum of diseases. Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is one of the most concerning sources of air pollution for human exposure and health. Until TRAP levels can be significantly reduced on a global scale, there is a need for effective shorter-term strategies to prevent the adverse health effects of TRAP. A growing number of studies suggest that increasing antioxidant intake, through diet or supplementation, may reduce this burden of disease. In this paper, we conducted a non-systematic literature review to assess the available evidence on antioxidant-rich diets and antioxidant supplements as a strategy to mitigate adverse health effects of TRAP in human subjects. We identified 11 studies that fit our inclusion criteria; 3 of which investigated antioxidant-rich diets and 8 of which investigated antioxidant supplements. Overall, we found consistent evidence that dietary intake of antioxidants from adherence to the Mediterranean diet and increased fruit and vegetable consumption is effective in mitigating adverse health effects associated with TRAP. In contrast, antioxidant supplements, including fish oil, olive oil, and vitamin C and E supplements, presented conflicting evidence. Further research is needed to determine why antioxidant supplementation has limited efficacy and whether this relates to effective dose, supplement formulation, timing of administration, or population being studied. There is also a need to better ascertain if susceptible populations, such as children, the elderly, asthmatics and occupational workers consistently exposed to TRAP, should be recommended to increase their antioxidant intake to reduce their burden of disease. Policymakers should consider increasing populations’ antioxidant intake, through antioxidant-rich diets, as a relatively cheap and easy preventive measure to lower the burden of disease associated with TRAP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

McClure, M. K., C. Dominik, and M. Kama. "Measuring the atomic composition of planetary building blocks." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): L15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038912.

Full text

Abstract:

Context. Volatile molecules are critical to terrestrial planetary habitability, yet they are difficult to observe directly where planets form at the midplanes of protoplanetary disks. It is unclear whether the inner ∼1 AU of disks are volatile-poor or if this region is resupplied with ice-rich dust from colder disk regions. Dust traps at radial pressure maxima bounding disk gaps can cut off the inner disk from these types of volatile reservoirs. However, the trap retention efficiency and atomic composition of trapped dust have not been measured. Aims. We present a new technique to measure the absolute atomic abundances in the gas accreting onto T Tauri stars and infer the bulk atomic composition and distribution of midplane solids that have been retained in the disk around the young star TW Hya. Methods. We identify near-infrared atomic line emission from gas-phase material inside the dust sublimation rim of TW Hya. Gaussian decomposition of the strongest H Paschen lines isolates the inner disk hydrogen emission. We measure several key elemental abundances, relative to hydrogen, using a chemical photoionization model and infer dust retention in the disk. With a 1D transport model, we determine approximate radial locations and retention efficiencies of dust traps for different elements. Results. Volatile and refractory elements are depleted from TW Hya’s hot gas by factors of ∼102 and up to 105, respectively. The abundances of the trapped solids are consistent with a combination of primitive Solar System bodies. Dust traps beyond the CO and N2 snowline cumulatively sequester 96% of the total dust flux, while the trap at 2 AU, near the H2O snowline, retains 3%. The high depletions of Si, Mg, and Ca are explained by a third trap at 0.3 AU with >95% dust retention. Conclusion. TW Hya sports a significant volatile reservoir rich in C- and N-ices in its outer submillimeter ring structure. However, unless the inner disk was enhanced in C by earlier radial transport, typical C destruction mechanisms and the lack of a C resupply should leave the terrestrial planet-forming region of TW Hya “dry” and carbon-poor. Any planets that form within the silicate dust trap at 0.3 AU could resemble Earth in terms of the degree of their volatile depletion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mine, Toshiyuki, Koji Fujisaki, Takeshi Ishida, Yasuhiro Shimamoto, Renichi Yamada, and Kazuyoshi Torii. "Electron Trap Characteristics of Silicon Rich Silicon Nitride Thin Films." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 46, no. 5B (May 17, 2007): 3206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.46.3206.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Olivares-Navarrete, Rene, Sharon L. Hyzy, Argelia Almaguer-Flores, Corinna Mauth, Anja C. Gemperli, Barbara D. Boyan, and Zvi Schwartz. "Amelogenin Peptide Extract Increases Differentiation and Angiogenic and Local Factor Production and Inhibits Apoptosis in Human Osteoblasts." ISRN Biomaterials 2013 (August 1, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/347318.

Full text

Abstract:

Enamel matrix derivative (EMD), a decellularized porcine extracellular matrix (ECM), is used clinically in periodontal tissue regeneration. Amelogenin, EMD’s principal component, spontaneously assembles into nanospheres in vivo, forming an ECM complex that releases proteolytically cleaved peptides. However, the role of amelogenin or amelogenin peptides in mediating osteoblast response to EMD is not clear. Human MG63 osteoblast-like cells or normal human osteoblasts were treated with recombinant human amelogenin or a 5 kDa tyrosine-rich amelogenin peptide (TRAP) isolated from EMD and the effect on osteogenesis, local factor production, and apoptosis assessed. Treated MG63 cells increased alkaline phosphatase specific activity and levels of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, prostaglandin E2, and active/latent TGF-β1, an effect sensitive to the effector and concentration. Primary osteoblasts exhibited similar, but less robust, effects. TRAP-rich 5 kDa peptides yielded more mineralization than rhAmelogenin in osteoblasts in vitro. Both amelogenin and 5 kDa peptides protected MG63s from chelerythrine-induced apoptosis. The data suggest that the 5 kDa TRAP-rich sequence is an active amelogenin peptide that regulates osteoblast differentiation and local factor production and prevents osteoblast apoptosis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

McCabe, Barbara C., and Paul Gollnick. "Cellular Levels of trp RNA-Binding Attenuation Protein in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 15 (August 1, 2004): 5157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.15.5157-5159.2004.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Expression of the Bacillus subtilis trp genes is negatively regulated by an 11-subunit trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), which is activated to bind RNA by binding l-tryptophan. We used Western blotting to estimate that there are 200 to 400 TRAP 11-mer molecules per cell in cells grown in either minimal or rich medium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Rabani, Vahideh, Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi, Jennifer Series, Benoit Valot, Jean-Marie Xuereb, and Siamak Davani. "Cholesterol-Rich Microdomains Contribute to PAR1 Signaling in Platelets Despite a Weak Localization of the Receptor in These Microdomains." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 8065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218065.

Full text

Abstract:

Platelet protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a cell surface G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that acts as a thrombin receptor promoting platelet aggregation. Targeting the PAR1 pathway by vorapaxar, a PAR1 antagonist, leads to a reduction in ischemic events in cardiovascular patients with a history of myocardial infarction or with peripheral arterial disease. In platelets, specialized microdomains highly enriched in cholesterol act as modulators of the activity of several GPCRs and play a pivotal role in the signaling pathway. However, their involvement in platelet PAR1 function remains incompletely characterized. In this context, we aimed to investigate whether activation of PAR1 in human platelets requires its localization in the membrane cholesterol-rich microdomains. Using confocal microscopy, biochemical isolation, and proteomics approaches, we found that PAR1 was not localized in cholesterol-rich microdomains in resting platelets, and only a small fraction of the receptor relocated to the microdomains following its activation. Vorapaxar treatment increased the level of PAR1 at the platelet surface, possibly by reducing its endocytosis, while its colocalization with cholesterol-rich microdomains remained weak. Consistent with a cholesterol-dependent activation of Akt and p38 MAP kinase in thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP)-activated platelets, the proteomic data of cholesterol-rich microdomains isolated from TRAP-activated platelets showed the recruitment of proteins contributing to these signaling pathways. In conclusion, contrary to endothelial cells, we found that PAR1 was only weakly present in cholesterol-rich microdomains in human platelets but used these microdomains for efficient activation of downstream signaling pathways following TRAP activation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Machi, I. Z., S. H. Connell, M. Baker, J. P. F. Sellschop, K. Bharuth-Ram, C. G. Fischer, R. W. Nilen, S. F. J. Cox, and J. E. Butler. "A new muonium trap in nitrogen-rich diamond discovered by μSR." Physica B: Condensed Matter 289-290 (August 2000): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(00)00239-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Goldman, Nir, and Sorin Bastea. "Nitrogen Oxides As a Chemistry Trap in Detonating Oxygen-Rich Materials." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 118, no. 16 (April 14, 2014): 2897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp501455z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Auvray, Xavier, Ann Grant, Björn Lundberg, and Louise Olsson. "Lean and rich aging of a Cu/SSZ-13 catalyst for combined lean NOx trap (LNT) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) concept." Catalysis Science & Technology 9, no. 9 (2019): 2152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cy02572j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kurpeta, J., A. Jokinen, H. Penttilä, A. Płochocki, J. Rissanen, W. Urban, and J. Äystö. "Trap-assisted studies of odd, neutron-rich isotopes from Tc to Pd." Hyperfine Interactions 223, no. 1-3 (April 4, 2012): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-012-0616-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Pluciński, Mateusz M., Calistus N. Ngonghala, Wayne M. Getz, and Matthew H. Bonds. "Clusters of poverty and disease emerge from feedbacks on an epidemiological network." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 80 (March 6, 2013): 20120656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0656.

Full text

Abstract:

The distribution of health conditions is characterized by extreme inequality. These disparities have been alternately attributed to disease ecology and the economics of poverty. Here, we provide a novel framework that integrates epidemiological and economic growth theory on an individual-based hierarchically structured network. Our model indicates that, under certain parameter regimes, feedbacks between disease ecology and economics create clusters of low income and high disease that can stably persist in populations that become otherwise predominantly rich and free of disease. Surprisingly, unlike traditional poverty trap models, these localized disease-driven poverty traps can arise despite homogeneity of parameters and evenly distributed initial economic conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Khomenkova, L., X. Portier, F. Gourbilleau, and A.Slaoui. "Memory effect in nanostructured Si-rich hafnia films." MRS Proceedings 1617 (2013): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.1166.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTMicrostructral and charge-trap properties of single Hf-silicate dielectric films are presented versus annealing treatment. The as-grown films were found to be homogeneous and amorphous. It is shown that annealing treatment results in the formation of alternated Hf-rich and Si-rich layers. The mechanism responsible for this phenomenon is found to be surface directed spinodal decomposition. The increase of annealing temperature up to 1000-1100°C resulted in the crystallization of Hf-rich phase. The stability of its tetragonal phase caused an enhancement of film permittivity was observed. The evolution of charge trapping properties of the films results in the memory effect which nature was discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Adhikari, Rajan P., Staffan Arvidson, and Richard P. Novick. "A Nonsense Mutation in agrA Accounts for the Defect in agr Expression and the Avirulence of Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 traP::kan." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 9 (July 2, 2007): 4534–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00679-07.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT TraP is a triply phosphorylated staphylococcal protein that has been hypothesized to be the mediator of a second Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing system, “SQS1,” that controls expression of the agr system and therefore is essential for the organism's virulence. This hypothesis was based on the loss of agr expression and virulence by a traP mutant of strain 8325-4 and was supported by full complementation of both phenotypic defects by the cloned traP gene in strain NB8 (Y. Gov, I. Borovok, M. Korem, V. K. Singh, R. K. Jayaswal, B. J. Wilkinson, S. M. Rich, and N. Balaban, J. Biol. Chem. 279:14665-14672, 2004), in which the wild-type traP gene was expressed in trans in the 8325-4 traP mutant. We initiated a study of the mechanism by which TraP activates agr and found that the traP mutant strain used for this and other recently published studies has a second mutation, an adventitious stop codon in the middle of agrA, the agr response regulator. The traP mutation, once separated from the agrA defect by outcrossing, had no effect on agr expression or virulence, indicating that the agrA defect accounts fully for the lack of agr expression and for the loss of virulence attributed to the traP mutation. In addition, DNA sequencing showed that the agrA gene in strain NB8 (Gov et al., J. Biol. Chem., 2004), in contrast to that in the agr-defective 8325-4 traP mutant strain, had the wild-type sequence; further, the traP mutation in that strain, when outcrossed, also had no effect on agr expression.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Fischer, Gerhard, Johannes Karstensen, Oscar Romero, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Barbara Donner, Jens Hefter, Gesine Mollenhauer, et al. "Bathypelagic particle flux signatures from a suboxic eddy in the oligotrophic tropical North Atlantic: production, sedimentation and preservation." Biogeosciences 13, no. 11 (June 2, 2016): 3203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3203-2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Particle fluxes at the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO) in the eastern tropical North Atlantic for the period December 2009 until May 2011 are discussed based on bathypelagic sediment trap time-series data collected at 1290 and 3439 m water depth. The typically oligotrophic particle flux pattern with weak seasonality is modified by the appearance of a highly productive and low oxygen (minimum concentration below 2 µmol kg−1 at 40 m depth) anticyclonic modewater eddy (ACME) in winter 2010. The eddy passage was accompanied by unusually high mass fluxes of up to 151 mg m−2 d−1, lasting from December 2009 to May 2010. Distinct biogenic silica (BSi) and organic carbon flux peaks of ∼ 15 and 13.3 mg m−2 d−1, respectively, were observed in February–March 2010 when the eddy approached the CVOO. The flux of the lithogenic component, mostly mineral dust, was well correlated with that of organic carbon, in particular in the deep trap samples, suggesting a tight coupling. The lithogenic ballasting obviously resulted in high particle settling rates and, thus, a fast transfer of epi-/meso-pelagic signatures to the bathypelagic traps. We suspect that the two- to three-fold increase in particle fluxes with depth as well as the tight coupling of mineral dust and organic carbon in the deep trap samples might be explained by particle focusing processes within the deeper part of the eddy. Molar C : N ratios of organic matter during the ACME passage were around 18 and 25 for the upper and lower trap samples, respectively. This suggests that some productivity under nutrient (nitrate) limitation occurred in the euphotic zone of the eddy in the beginning of 2010 or that a local nitrogen recycling took place. The δ15N record showed a decrease from 5.21 to 3.11 ‰ from January to March 2010, while the organic carbon and nitrogen fluxes increased. The causes of enhanced sedimentation from the eddy in February/March 2010 remain elusive, but nutrient depletion and/or an increased availability of dust as a ballast mineral for organic-rich aggregates might have contributed. Rapid remineralisation of sinking organic-rich particles could have contributed to oxygen depletion at shallow depth. Although the eddy formed in the West African coastal area in summer 2009, no indications of coastal flux signatures (e.g. from diatoms) were found in the sediment trap samples, confirming the assumption that the suboxia developed within the eddy en route. However, we could not detect biomarkers indicative of the presence of anammox (anaerobic ammonia oxidation) bacteria or green sulfur bacteria thriving in photic zone suboxia/hypoxia, i.e. ladderane fatty acids and isorenieratene derivatives, respectively. This could indicate that suboxic conditions in the eddy had recently developed and/or the respective bacterial stocks had not yet reached detection thresholds. Another explanation is that the fast-sinking organic-rich particles produced in the surface layer did not interact with bacteria from the suboxic zone below. Carbonate fluxes dropped from ∼ 52 to 21.4 mg m−2 d−1 from January to February 2010, respectively, mainly due to reduced contribution of shallow-dwelling planktonic foraminifera and pteropods. The deep-dwelling foraminifera Globorotalia menardii, however, showed a major flux peak in February 2010, most probably due to the suboxia/hypoxia. The low oxygen conditions forced at least some zooplankton to reduce diel vertical migration. Reduced “flux feeding” by zooplankton in the epipelagic could have contributed to the enhanced fluxes of organic materials to the bathypelagic traps during the eddy passage. Further studies are required on eddy-induced particle production and preservation processes and particle focusing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Strulik, Holger. "MYOPIC MISERY: MATERNAL DEPRESSION, CHILD INVESTMENTS, AND THE NEUROBIOLOGICAL POVERTY TRAP." Macroeconomic Dynamics 23, no. 2 (September 25, 2017): 522–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100516001243.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, I explore in an overlapping generations framework, a mechanism motivating a neurobiological poverty trap. Poverty causes stress and depression in individuals susceptible to depression. Poor and depressed individuals discount the future at a higher rate and invest less in the human capital of their children than mentally healthy or rich individuals. This gene–environment interaction generates a vicious cycle in which poor individuals inherit not only susceptibility to depression, but also stress and poverty. I show that a successful one-time intervention has the power to permanently eliminate the neurobiological poverty trap.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Kim, Sungjun, Yao-Feng Chang, Min-Hwi Kim, Suhyun Bang, Tae-Hyeon Kim, Ying-Chen Chen, Jong-Ho Lee, and Byung-Gook Park. "Ultralow power switching in a silicon-rich SiNy/SiNx double-layer resistive memory device." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 29 (2017): 18988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03120c.

Full text

Abstract:

Here we demonstrate low-power resistive switching in a Ni/SiN_y/SiN_x/p⁺⁺-Si device by proposing a double-layered structure (SiN_y/SiN_x), where the two SiN layers have different trap densities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Wen, Xiaoru, Jiamin Wu, Di Gao, and Changjian Lin. "Interfacial engineering with amino-functionalized graphene for efficient perovskite solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 35 (2016): 13482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta04616a.

Full text

Abstract:

In pursuit of reducing the surface trap states of perovskite as well as enhancing the hole control of dopant-free spiro-OMeTAD, an amino-rich graphene (NGs) was introduced via a facial solution method as an interlayer at the perovskite/HTM interface.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Dawid, Anna, and Michał Tomza. "Magnetic properties and quench dynamics of two interacting ultracold molecules in a trap." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 48 (2020): 28140–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp05542e.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Chhuon, Cerina, Shao-Yu Zhang, Vincent Jung, Daniel Lewandowski, Joanna Lipecka, André Pawlak, Dil Sahali, Mario Ollero, and Ida Chiara Guerrera. "A sensitive S-Trap-based approach to the analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome." Journal of Lipid Research 61, no. 11 (August 7, 2020): 1512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.d120000672.

Full text

Abstract:

The analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome is challenging due to the highly dynamic nature of rafts and the hydrophobic character of raft-resident proteins. We explored an innovative strategy for bottom-up lipid raftomics based on suspension-trapping (S-Trap) sample preparation. Mouse T cells were prepared from splenocytes by negative immunoselection, and rafts were isolated by a detergent-free method and OptiPrep gradient ultracentrifugation. Microdomains enriched in flotillin-1, LAT, and cholesterol were subjected to proteomic analysis through an optimized protocol based on S-Trap and high pH fractionation, followed by nano-LC-MS/MS. Using this method, we identified 2,680 proteins in the raft-rich fraction and established a database of 894 T cell raft proteins. We then performed a differential analysis on the raft-rich fraction from nonstimulated versus anti-CD3/CD28 T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated T cells. Our results revealed 42 proteins present in one condition and absent in the other. For the first time, we performed a proteomic analysis on rafts from ex vivo T cells obtained from individual mice, before and after TCR activation. This work demonstrates that the proposed method utilizing an S-Trap-based approach for sample preparation increases the specificity and sensitivity of lipid raftomics.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

BLAXTER, TAM, and RICHARD COATES. "The trap–bath split in Bristol English." English Language and Linguistics 24, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 269–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136067431900008x.

Full text

Abstract:

The pronunciation of the bath vowel is a salient feature of English varieties of the southwest of England, yet neither the status of the trap–bath split in traditional dialects nor ongoing change today is well understood. After reviewing the existing literature, we investigate the quality and length of low unrounded vowels in Bristol English on the basis of sociolinguistic interviews with twenty-five speakers. The picture suggested by these data is complex: there is evidence for a traditional length-only trap–bath split, for a length and backness split diffusing from the east and for a merger diffusing from the north. Some of these changes involve lexical diffusion, especially with loanwords and other distinctive lexical groups. Overall, the rich and contradictory data speak to the contested sociolinguistic status of these variables and to the need to examine individual patterns of variation closely to gain a full understanding of them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Herrell, A. M., and D. A. Methven. "Annual and Monthly Variation in Species Composition and Catches of Fishes from the Tabusintac River Estuary in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence." Canadian Field-Naturalist 123, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v123i1.674.

Full text

Abstract:

A total of 7130 fish from 13 taxa were collected during summer and autumn, 2002-2005 using box traps at two sites in the Tabusintac River Estuary, New Brunswick, Canada. The objective was to determine seasonal change in species composition and catches, and to access change in annual returns of Atlantic Salmon, an important recreational fishery during autumn on the Tabusintac, Miramichi and neighboring rivers. Taxa richness and composition varied annually and from trap to trap. Richness ranged from 8-10 taxa annually and catches were usually highest in the trap closest to the ocean despite its slightly smaller size. Taxa contributing greater than one percent of the total catch during the four years of sampling included six diadromous taxa: Blueback Herring and Alewife (41.65%), Striped Bass (21.54%), Atlantic Salmon (3.98%), Tomcod (2.95%), Brook Trout (1.05%), American Eel (5.27%); one freshwater species, White Sucker (11.96%); one marine species, Winter Flounder and one resident estuarine species, Smooth Flounder which together account for 11.19% of the total catch. The remaining five species (American Smelt, Northern Pipefish, White Perch, Cunner, Sea Lamprey) contributed 0.39% of the total catch. The fish fauna 14-15 km up the Tabusintac River was not species rich, due in large part to the limited sampling time each year and due to fishing with just one sampling gear, a stationary box trap. Additional species would have been collected if smaller mesh sampling gear were used. Comparisons were made with other studies and the phenology of the dominant species on the Tabusintac and Miramichi River Estuaries during the ice free season is established. Most catches appear to be related to pre- or post-spawning movements of anadromous fishes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Jakobsson, Anna, Ove Eriksson, and Hans Henrik Bruun. "Local seed rain and seed bank in a species-rich grassland: effects of plant abundance and seed size." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 12 (December 2006): 1870–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-136.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, we examined the relationship between seed size, seed rain, and seed bank in a species-rich perennial grassland in Sweden. The seed rain was monitored by 100 seed traps placed in a 10 m × 10 m area for 1 year. The seed bank was sampled by taking 100 soil samples, each in close vicinity to a seed trap. Abundance of reproductive ramets in the area was estimated, since this is likely to affect the proportion of hit seed traps and seed bank samples. When abundance of reproductive ramets was accounted for, we found a negative relationship between seed size and proportion of hit seed bank samples, but we found no relationship between seed size and proportion of hit seed traps. We found strong positive relationships between the abundance of reproductive ramets and proportion of hit seed traps and seed bank samples. We also found strong positive relationships between abundance of reproductive ramets and abundance of seeds in the seed rain and the seed bank, but no relationship between seed size and abundance of seeds in the seed rain or the seed bank. We discuss these results in the context of theory suggesting that large-seeded and small-seeded species may coexist because of a trade-off between colonization and competitive abilities, where smaller-seeded species are able to reach more sites than seeds of larger-seeded species, because they are more numerous and (or) better dispersed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Jewell, L., V. D. Sokolovskii, N. J. Coville, D. Glasser, and D. Hildebrandt. "A catalytic trap for low-temperature complete NO reduction in oxygen-rich media." Chemical Communications, no. 17 (1996): 2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cc9960002081.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Yu, Bo, Kaixue Ma, Fanyi Meng, Kiat Seng Yeo, Parthasarathy Shyam, Shaoqiang Zhang, and Purakh Raj Verma. "DC-30 GHz DPDT Switch Matrix Design in High Resistivity Trap-Rich SOI." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 64, no. 9 (September 2017): 3548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2017.2725485.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Ben Ali, Khaled, C. Roda Neve, Ali Gharsallah, and Jean-Pierre Raskin. "Ultrawide Frequency Range Crosstalk Into Standard and Trap-Rich High Resistivity Silicon Substrates." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 58, no. 12 (December 2011): 4258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2011.2170074.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kim, Eunkyeom, Taekyung Yim, Seungman An, Won-Ju Cho, and Kyoungwan Park. "Dual dielectric tunnel barrier in silicon-rich silicon nitride charge-trap nonvolatile memory." Applied Physics Letters 97, no. 22 (November 29, 2010): 222107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3521260.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Zhang, Xiong, Payam Mehr, and Trevor J. Thornton. "Self-Heating in 40 nm SOI MOSFETs on High Resistivity, Trap-Rich Substrates." IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 19 (2020): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnano.2019.2952759.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Xu, Pei, Qiang Li, Tao Li, Wenye Rao, Yuanzhao Wang, Sheng Lan, and Lijun Wu. "Enhancing the Surface-State Emission in Trap-Rich CdS Nanocrystals by Silver Nanoparticles." Plasmonics 9, no. 5 (April 12, 2014): 1039–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11468-014-9712-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Samusenko, S. A., G. I. Popod'ko, and T. S. Zimnyakova. "Imperfection of innovative systems in resource-rich regions." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 19, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.19.2.325.

Full text

Abstract:

Subject. This article discusses the causes of weak economic growth of resource regions and institutional and infrastructural constraints hampering their advancement. Objectives. The article aims to test the hypothesis of a resource trap for Russia's commodity regions. Methods. The results of survey of the heads of enterprises of the Krasnoyarsk Krai are the basis data for consideration. To organize the data, we used mathematical techniques. Results. The study shows that there is an inverse negative relationship between the growth rate and the share of primary industries in the gross regional product of Russia's commodity regions. Conclusions. The main obstacles hindering economic growth are concentrated in the field of network interaction of the participants of the innovation process. The results of the study can be used to improve the policy of innovative development of commodity regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Zumstein, Pascale, Helge Bruelheide, Andreas Fichtner, Andreas Schuldt, Michael Staab, Werner Härdtle, Hongzhang Zhou, and Thorsten Assmann. "What shapes ground beetle assemblages in a tree species-rich subtropical forest?" ZooKeys 1044 (June 16, 2021): 907–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.63803.

Full text

Abstract:

As woody plants provide much of the trophic basis for food webs in forests their species richness, but also stand age and numerous further variables such as vegetation structure, soil properties and elevation can shape assemblages of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). However, the combined impact of these numerous variables on ground beetle diversity and community structure has rarely been studied simultaneously. Therefore, ground beetles were studied in 27 plots in a highly diverse and structurally heterogeneous subtropical forest ecosystem, the Gutianshan National Park (southeast China) using pitfall traps and flight interception traps. Both trapping methods collected partly overlapping species spectra. The arboreal fauna was dominated by lebiines and to a smaller extent by tiger beetles and platynines; the epigeic fauna comprised mostly representatives of the genus Carabus and numerous tribes, especially anisodactylines, pterostichines, and sphodrines. Ground beetle species richness, abundance, and biomass of the pitfall trap catches were analyzed with generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), fitted with seven environmental variables. Four of these variables influenced the ground beetle assemblages: Canopy cover, herb cover, pH-value of the topsoil and elevation. Contrary to our expectations, woody plant species richness and stand age did not significantly affect ground beetle assemblages. Thus, ground beetles seem to respond differently to environmental variables than ants and spiders, two other predominantly predatory arthropod groups that were studied on the same plots in our study area and which showed distinct relationships with woody plant richness. Our results highlight the need to study a wider range of taxa to achieve a better understanding of how environmental changes affect species assemblages and their functioning in forest ecosystems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Shepherd, M. "The Magnus Field, Block 211/7a, 12a, UK North Sea." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 14, no. 1 (1991): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.1991.014.01.19.

Full text

Abstract:

abstractMagnus is the most northerly producing field in the UK sector of the North Sea. The oil accumulation occurs within sandstones of an Upper Jurassic submarine fan sequence. The combination trap style consists of reservoir truncation by unconformity at the crest of the easterly dipping fault block structure and a stratigraphic pinchout element at the northern and southern limits of the sand rich fan. The reservoir is enveloped by the likely hydrocarbon source rock, the organic rich mudstones of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Doukas, Haris, Alexandros Nikas, Giorgos Stamtsis, and Ioannis Tsipouridis. "The Green Versus Green Trap and a Way Forward." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 5473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205473.

Full text

Abstract:

Massive deployment of renewables is considered as a decisive step in most countries’ climate efforts. However, at the local scale, it is also perceived by many as a threat to their rich and diverse natural environment. With this perspective, we argue that this green versus green pseudo-dilemma highlights how crucial a broad societal buy-in is. New, transparent, participatory processes and mechanisms that are oriented toward social licensing can now be employed. A novel, integrative research agenda must orbit around co-creation to enable and promote resource co-management and co-ownership where possible, with increased consensus.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Silva, K. R. F., Dílson S. dos Santos, A. F. Ribeiro, and L. H. Almeida. "Hydrogen Diffusivity and Hydride Formation in Rich-Zirconium Alloys Used in Nuclear Reactors." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.722.

Full text

Abstract:

Hydrogen gas permeation tests were performed on two Nb-modified Zr alloys used in the nuclear industry. The influence of the microstructure on hydrogen diffusivity in each alloy is discussed and a mechanism of hydride formation is presented. The hydrogen binding energy for different trap sites was calculated in the M5 alloy as well as hydrogen diffusivity value in the Zirlo alloy at 300oC, D = 2.5 x 10-13 m2/s.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Franc, Niklas. "Standing or downed dead trees — does it matter for saproxylic beetles in temperate oak-rich forest?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 12 (December 2007): 2494–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-096.

Full text

Abstract:

For conservation of forest biodiversity, dead wood in the form of logs, snags, or cut high stumps is sometimes left or created when forests are harvested. In Scandinavia, such dead wood usually comes from conifers. For forests in temperate regions, few studies have analysed composition and species richness of beetles using dead wood of oaks ( Quercus spp). In this study in southern Sweden, I examined the occurrence of saproxylic beetles trapped at lying (logs) and standing (snags) dead wood of European oaks ( Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl.) in 13 oak-rich mixed forests of relatively high conservation value. The assemblage of beetles differed strikingly between the lying and standing dead wood. Traps on lying dead wood, compared to traps on standing dead wood, had more fungivores and fewer primary and secondary wood boring species. Of 94 species tested for individual substrate preferences, 48 showed prevalence for different trap/substrate types. Absolute species richness was significantly higher on logs than snags, but a smaller proportion of the snag substrate or snag beetles may have been sampled. For red-listed beetles, no differences in their species richness were detected among substrates. These results suggest that logs of dead oaks are valuable and that both snags and logs of oak should be retained and, if needed, created in forestry, such that they are continuously available in stands.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Barták, Miroslav, and Jindˇch Roháček. "Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic)." Casopis slezského zemského muzea (A) 60, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10210-011-0026-3.

Full text

Abstract:

Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic) A pyramidal trap with combined bait is described and illustrated. The trap inserted above sapping stump of European walnut (Juglans regia) in a site in Central Bohemia near Uhlířské Janovice in 2010 yielded a rich spectrum of flies (Diptera). Records of 24 species most interesting from the faunistic, biological and nature conservancy point of view are given with comments upon their distribution and biology but a number of other captured species are also mentioned. Besides species developing in or attracted as adults to sap runs [e.g. Syrphidae: Ceriana conopsoides (Linnaeus, 1758), Aulacigastridae: three Aulacigaster spp., various Drosophilidae], other important components were formed by saproxylic [Xylomyidae: Solva marginata (Meigen, 1820), some Stratiomyidae, many Lonchaeidae, Milichiidae: Milichia ludens (Wahlberg, 1847), some Muscidae], mycophagous (some Asteiidae, Sphaeroceridae, Drosophilidae), necrophagous (some Sepsidae, Acartophtalmidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) and saprophagous (some Sepsidae, Carnidae, Milichiidae, Sphaeroceridae) species, both latter attracted to meat-bait used in the trap. Aulacigaster falcata Papp, 1998 is the first record from Bohemia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Guriev, S., A. Plekhanov, and K. Sonin. "Economics of Development Based on Commodity Revenues." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 20, 2010): 4–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2010-3-4-23.

Full text

Abstract:

Commodity resources offer vast opportunities for development. In the long run, however, the performance of commodity-rich countries tends to fall short of expectations, as commodity rents induce macroeconomic volatility and undermine incentives to improve institutions. The paper looks at the strategies that countries can adopt to avoid the "resource trap". These strategies aim at diversifying the economy, promoting financial development, building up stabilization buffers that lower macroeconomic volatility, and reducing inequality. The resource-rich transition countries have embraced these strategies to varying degrees, and with varying success. Improving institutions remains the key challenge.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kong, Weiguang, Tao Ding, Gang Bi, and Huizhen Wu. "Optical characterizations of the surface states in hybrid lead–halide perovskites." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 18 (2016): 12626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp00325g.

Full text

Abstract:

It is demonstrated that the optical dynamics in MAPbI₃ is primarily determined by the surface states. Pb dangling bonds in MAPbI₃ introduce shallow electronic states, whereas rich-iodine surface of MAPbI₃ induces deep trap centers for carriers which are detrimental to carrier lifetimes and diffusion lengths.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Fischer, G., J. Karstensen, O. Romero, K. H. Baumann, B. Donner, J. Hefter, G. Mollenhauer, et al. "Bathypelagic particle flux signatures from a suboxic eddy in the oligotrophic tropical North Atlantic: production, sedimentation and preservation." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 21 (November 13, 2015): 18253–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-18253-2015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Particle fluxes at the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO) in the eastern tropical North Atlantic for the period December 2009 until May 2011 are discussed based on bathypelagic sediment trap time series data collected at 1290 and 3439 m water depth. The typically oligotrophic particle flux pattern with weak seasonality is modified by the appearance of a highly productive and low oxygen anticyclonic modewater eddy (ACME) in winter 2010. The eddy passage was accompanied by unusually high mass fluxes, lasting from December 2009 to May 2010. Distinct biogenic silica (BSi) and organic carbon flux peaks were observed in February–March 2010 when the eddy approached CVOO. The flux of the lithogenic component, mostly mineral dust, was well correlated to that of organic carbon in particular in the deep trap samples, suggesting a close coupling. The lithogenic ballasting obviously resulted in high particle settling rates and, thus, a fast transfer of epi-/mesopelagic signatures to the bathypelagic traps. Molar C : N ratios of organic matter during the ACME passage were around 18 and 25 for the upper and lower trap samples, respectively. This suggests that some production under nutrient (nitrate) limitation in the upper few tens of meters above the zone of suboxia might have occurred in the beginning of 2010. The δ15N record showed a decrease from January to March 2010 while the organic carbon and N fluxes increased. The causes of enhanced sedimentation from the eddy in February/March 2010 remain elusive but nutrient depletion and/or a high availability of dust as ballast mineral for organic-rich aggregates might have contributed to the elevated fluxes during the eddy passage. Remineralization of sinking organic-rich particles could have contributed to the formation of a suboxic zone at shallow depth. Although the eddy has been formed in the African coastal area in summer 2009, no indication of coastal flux signatures were found in the sediment traps, suggesting an alteration of the eddy since its formation. This confirms the assumption that suboxia developed within the eddy en-route. Screening of the biomarker fractions for the occurrence of ladderane fatty acids that could indicate the presence of anammox (anaeobic ammonia oxidation) bacteria, and isorenieratene derivatives, indicative for the presence of green sulfur bacteria and, thus for photic zone suboxia/anoxia was negative. This could indicate that suboxic conditions in the eddy had recently developed and the respective bacterial stocks had not yet reached detection thresholds. Another explanation is that the fast sinking organic-rich particles produced in the surface layer did not interact with bacteria from the suboxic zone below. Carbonate fluxes dropped considerably in February 2010, mainly due to reduced contribution of shallow dwelling planktonic foraminifera and pteropods. The deep-dwelling foraminifera Globorotalia menardii, however, showed a major flux peak in February 2010, most probably due to the suboxia/hypoxia. The low oxygen conditions forced at least some zooplankton to stop diel vertical migration. Reduced "flux feeding" by zooplankton in the epipelagic could have contributed to the enhanced fluxes of organic materials to the bathypelagic traps during the eddy passage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Thomsen, Kristina, Andrew Murray, and Mayank Jain. "Stability of IRSL signals from sedimentary K-feldspar samples." Geochronometria 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13386-011-0003-z.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractRecent work has identified IR stimulated luminescence signals at elevated temperature from both potassium- and sodium-rich feldspars that have much lower anomalous fading rates than the conventional signal measured using IR stimulation at 50°C. This paper examines the stability of these signals for potassium-rich sedimentary feldspars. We show that the natural post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) signal from a 3.6 Ma old sample is in apparent saturation on a laboratory generated dose response curve, i.e. it does not show detectable fading in nature although a low fading rate is observed on laboratory time scales. We show that the pIRIR signal has a greater thermal stability than the IRSL signal and that the trend in increasing thermal stability is mirrored by a decreasing fading rate. We also investigate the effect of preheat temperature and IR stimulation power on the decay shape and conclude that the data can be explained in terms of either a single- or multiple-trap model. We present evidence that may suggest that at least part of pIRIR signal is derived from a high temperature trap (∼550°C thermoluminescence (TL) peak), although again the data can also be explained in terms of a single-trap model. Finally, we present dose response curves and characteristic curvature constants (D0) values for various IRSL signals and conclude that the more stable signals saturate more quickly than the less stable signals and that the initial and final signals saturate at approximately the same level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Zhu, Lei, Yong-Wei Chang, Nan Gao, Xin Su, YeMin Dong, Lu Fei, Xing Wei, and Xi Wang. "Resistivity and Radio-Frequency Properties of Two-Generation Trap-Rich Silicon-on-Insulator Substrates." Chinese Physics Letters 35, no. 4 (April 2018): 047302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/35/4/047302.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Toh, Rui Tze, Diing Shenp Ang, Shyam Parthasarathy, Jen Shuang Wong, Hin Kiong Yap, and Shaoqiang Zhang. "RF Performance of a Highly Linear Power Amplifier EDNMOS Transistor on Trap-Rich SOI." IEEE Electron Device Letters 39, no. 9 (September 2018): 1346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2018.2855442.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Jiménez Berrocoso, Álvaro, Kenneth G. MacLeod, Ellen E. Martin, Elodie Bourbon, Carolina Isaza Londoño, and Chandranath Basak. "Nutrient trap for Late Cretaceous organic-rich black shales in the tropical North Atlantic." Geology 38, no. 12 (December 2010): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g31195.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Toops, Todd J., and Josh A. Pihl. "Sulfation of potassium-based lean NOx trap while cycling between lean and rich conditions." Catalysis Today 136, no. 1-2 (July 2008): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2008.02.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!