Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traumatisme – Dans la littérature'
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Fréville, Carine Marie. "Écritures plurielles du traumatisme chez Marie Darrieussecq, Malika Mokeddem et Lorette Nobécourt." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083281.
Full textThe works of Marie Darrieussecq, Malika Mokeddem and Lorette Nobécourt provide a thought-provoking analysis regarding the links between fictional writing and trauma, reconstruction of memory and attempting to go beyond the limits of what cannot be expressed – whether it be imagined or transposed. Through the use of narrative techniques, of symbolic constructions or of particular rhythms of writing, these works render the reality of trauma of fictional characters, whilst establishing at the same time a network of intertextualities referring to autobiographical aspects. Fractures of the self entail a questioning of identity that goes hand in hand with the use of memory, and where writing establishes itself as a space for the elaboration and transfiguration of trauma. The traumatic experience and the plural ways that it presents itself in these works are the starting point of this study, which links identity (both in regards to its fragmentation and attempts at reconstruction), memory and the body, as well as carrying out a displacement of a purely personal experience (of an individual or a family), from the personal to the collective, as social, cultural, political or historical issues intersect. It also gives rise to considerations regarding the ethical responsibility or the legitimacy of trauma writing, its cathartic possibility, as well as the issues of representation, transmission and reception of a traumatic text. Fiction or reality, these different writings all tend towards the advent of a discourse of confrontation and recuperation of trauma, from which stem genuine poetical and political stakes
Milquet, Sophie. "Ecrire le traumatisme : mémoire féminine dans les fictions sur la guerre civile espagnole : représentations, formes, enjeux (1975-2010)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20022.
Full textThe current study explores the expression of women’s memory in literary works dealing with the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and Francoism. It focuses on the fictional narratives published between the end of the dictatorship (1975) and 2010, in French (Agustin Gomez-Arcos and Mercedes Deambrosis) and Spanish (Dulce Chacón Carme Riera, Josefina Aldecoa, Jesús Ferrero, Marifé Santiago Bolaños and Ángeles Caso).The thesis first conducts a global analysis on the representations of women’s experiences of war and repression. In thewriting of violence, struggle and resistance, the double political and gendered dimension emerges. The research focuses subsequently on the trauma representations, between pathological manifestations and ritual attempts, and shows how narrative can assume a ritual function.The « poetics of trauma » characterises various formal realisations, divided into three groups. Each of them embodies a possible space for the inscription of trauma : the generational link, the body and the voice. Special attention is given to the figure of the victim. Phenomena such as repetition and delinearisation, that appear at various levels, clarify the relationship that fictional narratives build with the past as well as their ethical and political positions in the democracy
Bourgeois, Bruno. "Intérêt de l'embolisation artérielle dans le traitement des hémorragies pelviennes sous-péritonéales post-traumatiques : à propos de neuf cas avec revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25429.
Full textGrué, Mélanie. "Grotesque «queer» et savoirs abjects dans l’oeuvre de Dorothy Allison." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0013.
Full textBorn in a white trash milieu, a victim of incest, lesbian and queer, Dorothy Allison belongs to the new generation of writers who, since the 1980s, have troubled the American literary and political landscape. Overflowing with grotesque characters, whose physical deformity mirrors the social, sexual and gender norms underlying the dominant discourses that silence the deviant individual, the author’s work is nevertheless a space where inferior subjects (the poor, women, the abused child, homosexuals), defined by society as being abject, can speak. This research focuses on the connections between literature and theory, and on the political significance of Dorothy Allison’s testimony, here considered as a theorizing narrative. Using subject theory, class and race studies, autobiography criticism and queer theory, we shall explain how the literary text passes on the inferior individual’s claims, enacts the subject’s self-assertion, and transmits the “abject knowledge” which disrupts the norms. This research aims at re-reading and rethink various theories through the literary work which appropriates the grotesque mode of representation and grants the material body and the senses a central place. The fictionalized testimony makes bodily language paramount, interrogates established hierarchies and glorifies the intense humanity of discredited individuals
Milquet, Sophie. "Ecrire le traumatisme: mémoire féminine dans les fictions sur la guerre civile espagnole :représentations, formes, enjeux, 1975-2011." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209501.
Full textNous nous attachons d’abord à l’étude globale des représentations des expériences féminines de la guerre et de la répression. Dans l’écriture des violences subies comme dans celle des luttes et résistances, la double dimension politique et de genre émerge. L’analyse se resserre ensuite sur les représentations du traumatisme, entre manifestations pathologiques et tentatives de ritualisation. Nous montrons à cet égard comment le récit peut assumer une fonction rituelle.
La « poétique du traumatisme » mise au jour dans le corpus d’étude qualifie des réalisations formelles diverses, rassemblées en trois ensembles, correspondant à autant de lieux possibles d’ancrage du traumatisme :le rapport générationnel, le corps et la voix. Une attention spéciale est accordée à la figure de la victime. Des phénomènes tels que la répétition et la délinéarisation, apparaissant à divers niveaux du récit, éclairent le rapport que les fictions entretiennent avec le passé ainsi que leurs positions éthiques et politiques dans le présent de la démocratie.
The current study explores the expression of women’s memory in literary works dealing with the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and Francoism. It focuses on the fictional narratives published between the end of the dictatorship (1975) and 2010, in French (Agustin Gomez-Arcos and Mercedes Deambrosis) and Spanish (Dulce Chacón Carme Riera, Josefina Aldecoa, Jesús Ferrero, Marifé Santiago Bolaños and Ángeles Caso).
The thesis first conducts a global analysis on the representations of women’s experiences of war and repression. In the writing of violence, struggle and resistance, the double political and gendered dimension emerges. The research focuses subsequently on the trauma representations, between pathological manifestations and ritual attempts, and shows how narrative can assume a ritual function.
The « poetics of trauma » characterises various formal realisations, divided into three groups. Each of them embodies a possible space for the inscription of trauma :the generational link, the body and the voice. Special attention is given to the figure of the victim. Phenomena such as repetition and delinearisation, that appear at various levels, clarify the relationship that fictional narratives build with the past as well as their ethical and political positions in the democracy.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Grué, Mélanie. "Grotesque "queer" et savoirs abjects dans l'oeuvre de Dorothy Allison." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958245.
Full textHallit-Balabane, Aïda. "L'écriture du trauma dans les "Récits de la Kolyma" de Varlam Chalamov." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070096.
Full textThe "recits de la Kolyma" are the authentic witnessing without pity of the concentration camps of Staline. Throughout words of his camp life Chalamov depicts how language goes from bankruptcy to resurrection. He adds a significant stake to the problem, well posing the question of trauma and poetry. Three linked ways interlace the framework of the "recits" where hunger and writing constitute the theme of the work and punctuates the complexity of information. It seemed appropriate to entitle these ways : "d'une mere à l'autre", "de la nausee a l'inspiration". "de la déportation au rapatriement", to describe Chalamov's journey, which leaves the reader to read in the mirror the huge suffering of the neurosis and the tragedy endured in the camp. The effect on the reader of this unique experience of Chalamov's descent into hell, and what he gives to history and to the history of psychoanalysis, is an exceptional piece of art telling about the "masterpiece of the psychological nature" which is the particular neurosis of this work: the neurosis of trauma. In this unique story he covers two fields. His singularity holds essentially to the opening of another space, that finds in the two preceeding his point of anchorage: the access to this "rumour" of pre-verbal seems for the author to constitute the heart where the sparks of poetic creation come. From this he makes the reader cross the line that separates the accidental trauma from the original one
Coret, Laure. "Traumatismes collectifs et écriture de l' indicible : les romans de la réhumanisation (Afrique noire francophone, Amérique latine, Antilles)." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/135519926#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe novels and testimonies studied in this thesis were all produced or created as a response to a shared experience of terror and to a common experience, from the onesuffered in the postocolonial era to the specific experience of thegenocides of the XXth century. Our reading put them into dialogue because they collectively indicate the coming of an extreme violence and of its representation. We have identified the emergence of a literary field and evaluated its formal coherence. Collective Traumas and The Writing of the Unspeakable : Novels of Becoming Human Again (Francophone Africa, Latin America, Caribbean) is a comparatist analysis of the literatures of the South related to the triangular slave trade. We have then confronted this corpus to the writings of genocides reenvisioned through the Holocaust. Adopting postcolonial, sociological, psychoanalytical, and literary theoretical frameworks, we have envisioned the conditions of possibility and invariability of a literature of the After representing crimes against humanity from torture to genocide
Mourot, Marine. "Madrid en guerre dans la littérature de la transition démocratique : Juan Iturralde et Juan Eduardo Zúñiga, témoins du conflit." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL022.
Full textNovels or short stories published in Spanish over the last twenty years have revealed a keen interest in what can be considered as a subgenre of the historical novel, the novel for the memory. This subgenre stages the recent History of Spain, particularly the Civil War. Its authors were born in the 50s or 60s, and have no direct memory of the events. It is usual to consider that Luna de lobos (1985) and Beatus Ille (1986) are the novels showing early signs of this phenomenon, which only became widespread ten years later and peaked at the turning point of the 21st century, in particular after the publication of Soldados de Salamina by Javier Cercas in 2001. Nevertheless, between the end of the Francoism in 1975 which led to the disappearance of censorship in 1977 and 1985, several fictional narrative texts relating the war and the Francoism were written and published. Días de llamas by Juan Iturralde was edited in 1979 and Juan Eduardo Zúñiga published Largo noviembre de Madrid in 1980. The study of these two books will question the often expressed idea that the literature from the first years of the Transition period did not favor the theme of war. It will also focus on the narrative strategies that these authors, who were direct witnesses of the events, chose in order to fictionalize this period from the History of Spain. Indeed, their literary approach to the facts was inevitably different from that taken by the writers who accepted being restricted by censorship and that taken by the following generations who only indirectly experienced the war. The particular treatment which Juan Iturralde and Juan Eduardo Zúñiga reserved to the referent, in particular the setting of an illusion of reality, denotes them both as dissidents compared to the narratives about the conflict published during the same period, and as heirs of the realistic tradition which they exploited and surpassed in order to relate a plausible but limited version of the events taking place from 1936 to 1939, due to their subjective perspective. In spite of the intrigues being anchored within a precise historical context, the reality is not necessarily self-evident in these narratives. In the extreme circumstances of war, the reality becomes a motive for questioning rather than an object of unequivocal and irrevocable knowledge. A single element is never questioned: the horror of the civil conflict whose fictionalization is fully able to translate the problematic dimension of reality. By the theme addressed by these books and the way they distanced themselves from the will of collective amnesia which has perniciously settled in Spain, they both have become “commemorative sites”, leaning toward the claim for the importance of the “duty of remembrance”, the rehabilitation of marginal memories which has been silenced too long, and the resilience of various traumas through fictionalizing psychic disorders caused by the horror of this conflict
Coulibaly, Bojana. "L'invention du quotidien dans la nouvelle ouest africaine d'expression anglaise." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2010.
Full textThis study draws its inspiration from what the French sociologist Michel de Certeau identified as the invention of the quotidian in his well known The Practice of Everyday Life (1980). A close reading and analysis of West African short fiction will allow us to examine how through everyday creative practices and within their own private spheres the represented individuals reestablish a space of agency previously denied to them. The first part of our study will consist in presenting the various conditions of emergence of African short fiction. We will look at the socio-political context and at the role of the short story writer, the publishing industry as well as the reception of African short fiction in Africa and abroad, which will allow us to emphasize the intrinsic link between dignity, agency and development. Secondly, we will focus on the writing of the collective memory of war, trauma and violence and on the numerous creative strategies used by the characters to reaffirm their existence, to fight against violence and to heal from trauma. The final part of this study will examine the stylistic and linguistic strategies used by West African short fiction writers to create a rupture with the colonial literary tradition and to reinvent a new short story genre
Caujolle, Coralie. "Trauma et résilience chez Elizabeth Gaskell : corps, langage et signes dans les romans et leurs adaptations." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040130.
Full textFrom Mary Barton to Wives and Daughters, Elizabeth Gaskell’s novels portray heroines who have to deal with ordeals such as death, disease, missing family member, illegitimate child, bankruptcy, etc. Her heroines are forced to evolve in order to survive, especially as they live in a period riddled with social, political and scientific changes which does not spare them. If trauma, which Greek origin refers to the wound, is often described as an extraordinary event, Gaskell’s novels, on the contrary, demonstrate that trauma arises in daily life. Even if these notions did not exist in the Victorian period, trauma and resilience were not born with psychoanalysis. Gaskell found her own language to describe her characters’ deep psychic life and their aptitude to resist and to recover from their wounds. She gives voice to the mental and physical repercussions of trauma, grasping all the hardly perceptible signs, in order to communicate these experiences of pain. We will see how these writing strategies enable Gaskell to build a new type of feminine character, the Gaskellian heroine, characterized by her aptitude to absorb traumatic shocks and by her heroism.Screen adaptations of her novels (North and South, Cranford, Wives and Daughters) were made in the last few years, thus contributing to Gaskell’s new popularity. As cinema offers a different regime of visibility and audibility to traumatic experiences, we will analyse the choices made by directors and scriptwriters (use of sound, editing processes, addition of characters, etc.) to adapt for the screen Gaskell’s subtlety
Daanoune, Karim. "L'écriture de l'évènement dans la fiction de Don DeLillo." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30039/document.
Full textThis dissertation wishes to reflect upon the notion of event as an organizing principle in Don DeLillo’s fiction. The assassination of J. F. Kennedy and 9/11 are events that unflinchingly resist the real, or any kind of ontological and phenomenological traceability. They exceed understanding and demand a necessary response from the author and his writing. They represent the intrusion of an excessive reality within “the real” and manifest themselves in the guise of a surplus. But the event is not just a surplus of reality, it is also a surplus of meaning as it posits the inadequacy of the sign and its referent. We will first show how the event shows itself in the very way it shuns its own exposure. This dialectics of veiling and unveiling will be scrutinized through the lenses of History considered both in its phenomenological and traumatic dimensions but also as far as it relates to alterity or otherness. Once the paradox is revealed, we will consider the issue of time for the event defies the origin that makes it happen and makes sense only after it has happened. It thus shatters the temporal continuum commonly understood as past, present and future. We will then focus on the issue of a-temporality and show how time, event and alterity are inextricably linked together. We will finally look at the event understood this time as narrative by focusing our attention upon terror and terrorism as they provide models of totality the writing of the event attempts — ethically — at breaching and undoing. In this sense, the event wille be considered as a counter-event. It will be worth deciphering the textual events DeLillo proposes as a means of resisting totalization. We will also apprehend some key characters as events in their own rights as they reassert the evential dimension of the subject
Boulifa, Najla. "L'épreuve du temps et de l'espace dans la saga Love Medicine de Louise Erdrich." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV046.
Full textOur PHD thesis is about "Enduring time and space in Louise Erdrich's saga Love Medecine. This topic was chosen because of the complexity of time and space in this literary work. Both literary and scientific perspectives of time and space are interrelated and interactive and inspire our analysis and perspective of this work.The scientific context in which this topic is anchored is one of uncertainty about the nature of time and space which opens doors to literary and artistic creativity and imagination and makes it a matter of controversy.Otherwise, the literary context of our research lacks enough scientific investigation about literary representations of time and space in the Native american literature and culture. This was the reason why we shed light on this topic in our PhD research.The literary work we focus on is the saga of Love Medecine by Louise Erdrich and which contains seven interrelated novels: Love Medicine (1984), The Beet Queen(1986) et Tracks (1988), The Bingo Palace(1994), Tales of Burning Love (1996), Four Souls (2004), The Painted Drum (2006. Other works of fiction by Erdrich and her peers are being mentioned like Leslie Marmon Silko, Linda Hogan, and Gerald Vizenor.Time and space in the work of Erdrich are represented through multiple ways, levels and perspectives. The challenge of our thesis is to give a definition or make a clear and logical view out of the messy time and space in the saga. We tend to analyse and scrutinize the impact of the disordered time and space on the novels and on the reader's perception of them.We raise the following questions: What sens can one percieve through narrative fragmentation? What are the scientific stakes of this literary and aesthetic representation of time and space? What is the message that Louise Erdrich aims at transmitting through her disorganised and franctioned time and space in an era of Native amercian renaissance?
Louinet, Patrice. "Traumas et conflits symboliques dans l'œuvre de Robert E. Howard." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL166.
Full textThis study explores the fiction of Robert E. Howard, whose entire body of work was published in the American pulp magazines of the 1920s and 1930s, and who has since been credited as the creator of « sword and sorcery », a subgenre of fantasy fiction often criticized due to its lack of sophistication. While the consensus is that Howard defined the American form of modern fantasy, we call into question what is seen as the purely escapist nature of his tales and challenge the notion that his fiction is representative of the subgenre he is considered to have initiated. At the core of our approach is the theory that Howard’s fiction is escapist only in the sense that it avoids writing about a traumatic episode dating from the author’s childhood. Focusing at first on apparently inconsequential details such as the characters’ names or the color of their eyes, the present work identifies the literary traces and manifestations of the trauma we postulate, to reveal an elaborate, if hidden, architecture that informs the entire body of his fiction. This, in turn, offers new perspectives on Howard’s contribution to American fantasy and leads us to conclude that the very form of the genre proceeds from trauma
Munguia, Aguilar Rocio. "Encres métisses, voix marronnes : mémoires d'esclaves noires dans le roman antillais francophone et le roman latino-américain hispanophone." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2019/Munguia_Aguilar_Rocio_2019_ED520.pdf.
Full textDuring the 1990s, in the French and Latin American spheres, new narratives began to emerge seeking to highlight the historical trauma of the African slave trade and of slavery in general. These re-evaluations of the past have uncovered both the issues and the ratios of power upheld in the institution of « national narratives » in these spaces and in the contemporary fiction endeavouring to uncover the voices of those left out of history and of their descendants. Among these works, we note that a number of themes and fictional techniques are shared by writers from both the French Caribbean and from continental Latin America. Using a comparative and interdisciplinary approach, we analyze six novels by Caribbean and Latin American women writers, which give visibility to the female slave’s experience. By investigating the dynamics binding history and fiction in these texts, and by questioning the ways literature helps to redefine history as herstory, our work suggests that a trans linguistic and transnational poetical memory of slavery, led by women, may be emerging, while demonstrating the possibilities of linking texts with fieldwork
Berrier, Julie. "Alice Parizeau, Tecia Werbowski, Régine Robin : mémoire blessée et écriture migrante du Québec." Thèse, Paris 3, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17323.
Full textHugonnier, François. "Les interdits de la représentation dans les œuvres de Paul Auster et de Jérome Rothenberg." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100163/document.
Full textAuschwitz, Hiroshima and September 11, 2001 revive the ancient issues of the power of language and of the responsibility and modes of testimony. Trying to overcome the taboos and restrictions of representation in this historical context is a matter of resistance against all linguistic, ethical, epistemological and political precepts. Paul Auster and Jerome Rothenberg are multi-faceted secular Jewish-American writers who redefine the real thanks to the imagination, thanks to medium mutation and the derangement of the senses in their disfigured texts. Coming within the scope of the post-1945 breakdown, they seek a roundabout means, a primal and organic language overcoming the discrepancy of signs and the iconoclast impulse. Drawing from a diasporic and mystical Jewish heritage, from the European and American avant-gardes, from transcendentalism, from archaic ritual and postructuralism, they contribute to bringing down the mythical images shaped by semiotic speculation. Trauma cannot be said, but the wound is voiced in a scream. Presence writes itself in the repetition and the discovery of infinity. Depth is unveiled by a whirligig of nameless sticks and stones. Speaking the unspeakable means keeping quiet and listening to the death that sleeps in the shadow of the word, in the silence of a new song. It means daydreaming, recollecting repressed drives and nightmares; cradling a no-tongue conjugated in a grammar of the disaster. Translating a word that says nothing, that cannot be understood, such is the contradiction which informs these pending works of pain
Massoulier, Nathalie. "Les métamorphoses du temps et de l'histoire dans l'œuvre de fiction de Graham Swift : coming to terms with one's past." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040258.
Full textThis work examines how Graham Swift's works tackle the issue of a potential reconciliation with the past. Reconciliation will be analysed together with the character's metamorphoses over time (one of the meaning that has to be given to the metamorphoses of history in my thesis's title) and the fictional transformations of time and history. The psychoanalytic evolutions of identities and the relationships of the characters with time and history will be studied. If it is difficult to precisely assess the success of reconciliation, we will focus on some of its underlying strategies and narrative treatments. The individual level will serve as a model for the collective level
Ranguin, Josiane. "Fonction scopique et investigation du réel anglo-caribéen dans l’oeuvre de Caryl Phillips." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD043.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to follow the development of Caryl Philips’s work from a feeling of unbelonging finding its root in the experience of being dissociated from his peers at an early age through systemic visualizing.Founding scenes show how the author as an Anglo-Caribbean child is denied his Englishness and how he discovers as a teenager the possibility of genocide at the heart of Europe. These experiences will be part of the foundation of his anxiety of belonging. A determined exploration of Caribbean culture, of African-American writing and an investigation of the European gaze on the Anglo-Caribbean person he is, will determine the three strands with which will be woven the increasing spiraling scope of his work.The writing impulse is then born out of an ingrained feeling of dissociation created by the alarming discriminating gaze which forfeits the inclusion of the Anglo-Caribbean child and questions the fulfillment of his human potential in all its plenitude.We will argue that the work develops along a constructivist and spiraling approach from an exploration of comparative views. Novels, plays and essays will be observed along five thematic lines which will start with a short analysis of five corresponding cinematographic works acting as a counterpoint to the author’s stance. There is a didactic intention in the writing which proceeds from historical remediation and aims at making the reader see the whole human complexity, encouraging the willing suspension of blaming. While aesthetic concerns model the structure of his works on the fractured lives he is exploring, and challenge the cognitive capability of the reader to discern the patterns of production of each of his works, the ethical demand evinced by Caryl Phillips’s work is to give the scrutiny right, the right to be understood, and the right to compassion back to those who see their right to fully belong to the world they inhabit denied
Maleki, Sedghi Reza. "Haunted Narration in the 21st Century British Novel." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL008/document.
Full textThis study sets out to gain a better understanding of trauma and its concomitant haunting as reflected specifically in The Pregnant Widow (2011), Wish You Were Here (2012) and The Sense of an Ending (2011), narratives that arise from, and allude to the contemporary sense of global existential crises. We investigated the implications of trauma and spectrality for the narrative economy as reflecting the wider social and cultural implications. We aimed to demonstrate how spectrality and “possession” by trauma represent not only an internal psychical struggle to ‘work through’ trauma, but how this struggle also impacts and alters the protagonists’ deep-seated notions of subjectivity. We studied how the various manifestations of trauma were (re)presented in the text and how the textual manifestation of trauma proved or contradicted certain established views of trauma as theorized in the academia over the past three decades. Additionally, we researched the dynamics arising out of the textual interaction between narrativity and trauma, as narrativity is a visibly foregrounded element of the corpus novels. Our concern was to know whether the fiction-trauma interaction is one in which literature allows for a richer elaboration of trauma beyond its conception as cognitive void, and whether metafictional foregrounding of narrativity points to any tendency beyond postmodern revelation of reality as a fictive construct. Trauma, whether personal or collective, is depicted as the affective force that triggers a universal subjective questioning. The outcome of this psychical investigation is a revised subjectivity and an awareness of existence as composed of interconnected – and thus responsible – beings. The novels problematize a contemporary period in deep crisis and subscribe to an immanent worldview. The universe portrayed in the novels evokes a single vulnerable body, calling for ethical sensibility and care. Further, they reaffirm the nature of subjectivity as mediated through fictive social constructs, yet they also posit the revisited provisional narratives of trauma as the only way forward toward working through trauma
Saubion, Sonia. "Fragmentation et recomposition dans la fiction de John Fowles : vers une résolution de la crise postmoderne ?" Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30051.
Full textThe contemporary imaginary has given rise to an aesthetics of fragmentation which is characterized by the dissolution of the self in search of an identity in a world deprived of stability and landmarks soon after the trauma caused by the war and nuclear threat. The refusal to follow the principle of linearity, together with the play involved in intertextuality and intergenericity, the disruption of representational patterns underlying traditional realistic novels, favour the display of reader responses at the expense of the harmony of utterances. This thesis, which covers the whole of Fowles’s fiction since 1963, aims at diagnosing the symptoms of the aforementioned crisis by means of a study including metatextual, narratorial, linguistic, philosophical, mythocritical and psychoanalytical tools. We will see how the author, the narrators, the protagonists on stage consider coming to terms with their existential conflicts and returning to a reality they have progressively dissociated themselves from. The latter can either choose to disintegrate the « real » in order to get a better apprehension of it and then to put the scattered fragments together again so as to appropriate them, while projecting their selves through an ideal and a fictional identity, which paves the way for their individuation. Such an evolution from dissensus to consensus conveys the humanistic vein of a work which endeavours not only to have the individual take up with his/her more authentic self but also to reconcile him/her with the others within a universe gaining in coherence
Morabbi, Safa. "La mémoire de la guerre dans le roman contemporain de langue française : discontinuité et dislocation narratives dans les œuvres d’Henry Bauchau, d’Andrée Chedid et d’Anna Moï." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0117.
Full textThe present research considers some aspects of dislocated writing under the influence of the memory of war in the contemporary French-language novel. The study favours a narratological approach in three novels: Anna Moï's Riz noir, Andrée Chedid's Le Message and Henry Bauchau's Le Boulevard périphérique. The choice of this corpus gives an overview of three different wars that occurred in the world. However, our study focuses on the tragic impact of war in general on three novels that, albeit being from the extreme-contemporary and coming from different nations, remind the twentieth century. This study aims to analyze how the authors succeed in transmitting the trauma of war, which raises the issues of discontinued and dislocated writing llustrating the hesitations or even the obsessions of an intermittent memory. In the first part, the thesis will focus mainly on the socio-historical changes of the turn of the 21st century and on the perception of a fragmented world, especially in the novel. The second and third parts, mostly emphasizing on narratological aspects, analyze the considered novels as memorial writings and examine the phenomena of a discontinued temporality as well as dislocated space in the composition of the three novels. The fourth part will present an overview of the composition of the novels and will examine the unifying processes ensuring the coherence of the novel. It will focus on the world of values present in the three studied novels evoking the axiological aspects of the novels and their ethical dimension towards war in order to give the reader the idea of a coherent reconstruction of a tragic History
Davo, Yves. "New York, 11 septembre 2001 : la fiction étasunienne à l'épreuve du choc." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01003384.
Full textBardizbanian, Audrey. "Après la Shoah : écritures de la trace dans les œuvres de Jonathan Safran Foer, Daniel Mendelsohn, et Art Spiegelman." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040183.
Full textThis study explores the works of Jonathan Safran Foer, Daniel Mendelsohn, and Art Spiegelman through the notion of trace, the founding principle of the aesthetics and ethics of post-Holocaust writing. The incomplete knowledge of these “post-Holocaust generations” implies the presence of a “postmemory”, the “deferred” nature of which requires the imagination to be put to work and informs the creative approach of these post-Holocaust artists and writers, reconstructing their family’s past. These haunting narratives are marked by a “memory shot through with holes” and are often the result of a break in the bond of filiation, and therefore a hiatus of transmission. Having embarked on a quest for knowledge, narrators and protagonists examine the event through material traces, as well as real or imaginary returns to their places of origin. These narratives are made up of heterogeneous elements which create visual ruptures and are informed by various temporal disruptions: disorders, chronological breaks, latency and repetition – all symptomatic of the deferred action of trauma. Finally, these postmemorial texts raise the issue of the ethics of representation. The performativity of language, the fictionalization of History, and the issue of transmission are at the heart of these works in the making, and ethically question their authors’ responsibility, between transfer and the work of mourning
Kowalczuk, Barbara. "Tim O'Brien : l'écriture de la hantise." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30044/document.
Full textWhile critics tend to consider Tim O’Brien as a writer of the Vietnam War, this hauntology of the author’s works goes beyond such postulate. Though it is indisputable that the personal experience of combat has influenced O’Brien’s fictional and non-fictional writing, the latter primarily deals with haunting, in the geographical, spatial and psychological sense of the term. The places visited or remembered by the author, the narrators and the protagonists, are associated with unforgettable events, lingering memories and reviviscences that can be traced in the body, in individual and collective memory, as well as in the form of the texts. Thus, individuals are haunted by disquietude, loss or the side effects of traumatization. O’Brien stresses apprehension, obsession, melancholy and traumatic revivification in thanatographies penetrated by specters and ghosts that keep returning. The hauntological power of geographical, spatial and psychological haunts establishes a recurring theme that impacts structure and style. Therefore, the o’brienesque text becomes a haunted and a haunting space, marked by the spectrality of the author. O’Brien (re)visits other writers and his previous writings. Ambiguous and enigmatic utterances, metafictional or metanarrative configurations and narrative tension generate intriguing and self-reflexive texts. In the end, it appears that O’Brien’s spectropoetics reads like a hantissage imbued with baroque traits and thanatological quintessence that provide the author with symbolic immortality
Roy, Aurélie. "Surviving childhood : trauma and maturation in J.D. Salinger's "The catcher in the Rye", S.E. Hinton's "The outsiders", and Stephen Chbosky's "The perks of being a wallflower"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28334.
Full textThis thesis examines the psychological and social repercussions of trauma on a child’s maturation process using three landmark novels of the Bildungsroman genre, J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders, and Stephen Chbosky’s The Perks of Being a Wallflower. Grounding my analysis on the findings of trauma theorists Cathy Caruth, Shoshana Felman, Ronald Granofsky, and Dominick LaCapra, and psychiatrists Dori Laub and Judith Lewis Herman, I demonstrate that trauma can occupy two contradictory but inextricably linked functions in the maturation process, that of both hindering and catalyzing a child’s coming-of-age. I demonstrate that Holden Caulfield, Ponyboy Curtis, and Charlie all display behaviours that suggest the paralyzing nature of trauma and its initial ability to prevent the child from growing up. I then argue that trauma, or the acceptance of one’s traumatic past, has the potential to accelerate the maturation process. My study also highlights the importance of the testimonial process in the recovery from trauma and the character's ensuing maturity. Because of the omnipresence of testimony in young people’s literature, its ramifications and implications are explored in each chapter of this thesis. Through the use of close reading, I study each work independently, evaluate each character’s individual response to trauma, and establish the thematic vocabulary and the interlinks that allow a conversation between the three novels. Although the studied works propose different types of traumatic negotiation and response, each novel is dialogically linked with the other. This thesis offers new readings of each novel, while establishing insightful comparisons between the three works. The intent of this thesis is therefore to contribute to the assessment of each narrative and to a general understanding of the role of trauma in young people’s literature.
MACZYTA, ERIC. "Traumatisme et nevrose traumatique dans l'aviation." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM018.
Full textReyes, Pérez Pablo. "La notion de traumatisme dans l'enseignement de Lacan : logique du concept dans ses différentes versions." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080125/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the elucidation of the notions of traumatism presents in the teaching of Jacques Lacan. This thesis has been divided into five chapters to answer this inquiry, each chapter is dedicated to analyse how Lacan approaches the notion of trauma, following a chronological perspective of his work.From a critical reading it presented the displacement of the notion of trauma, which is initially related to the desire to its articulation in the field of enjoyment. This change is intimately linked to the renewal of the concept of the unconscious in Lacan’s theory.In this research, the different versions of trauma identified led to the following conclusions. First, trauma is primarily an unconscious face to the real response that is at stake for all parlêtre. So, it is a singular response, an invention that allows the subject to give substance to his report to the body. Thus, the response is never traumatic standard, in the same manner as it is a traumatic event.Similarly, the traumatic experience is not homogenous in the parlêtre, which shows the different ways in which the body is involved in subjectivity. This experience can be approached differently if making event involves the body in its imaginary, symbolic or real dimension. Thus, this argument leads to the conclusion that there is no universalism to deduct from the traumatic experience, otherwise it is always a singular answer, by playing in the relation of the subject to his body
CAVILLON, DELAMEZIERE GINETTE. "Le traumatisme parental dans la prematurite. Devenir et representations." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H051.
Full textPrematurity, neonatal diseases and mother child separation at birth constitute for the future of parental dynamic a non negligible traumatism. Twenty vears after the opening of neonatal care units to parents, the clinical study (1990) of this early sequence in fifty families of neonates hospitalized in amiens teaching hospital, and then of the late outcome (1994) of maternal and paternal representations, shows a stil pending process of psychic elaboration. This assessment, taking the way of parental talk and behaviour as well as the one of children symptoms, shows obviously that this opening is inadequate if it is not accompanied by a real psychologic support of both parents. The specific attention paid to the father in this research underlines the importance of his talk in the maternal figuration as well as in the speeding-up of the initially manhandled indentification process. Thus, in reality as well as in maternal representation, taking into account the place of the child's father seems to us to be the keystone of any questionning on the outcome of birth inaugural perceptions and of suffering induced by separation
Trehel, Gilles. "Le traumatisme dans l'œuvre de Freud et son contexte historique." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070031.
Full textThis thesis presents the concept of traumatism in all its forms on more than fifty years. The period runs from 1885-1886 to 1939, beginning when Freud is encountering people suffering from "masculine hysteric-neurasthenia", using the Charcot's term, or "traumatic neurosis", using the Thomsen and Oppenheim's term, to the Freud's death in a London submitted to daily bombardments. The notion of traumatism is encountered by Freud before the notion of psychoanalysis and contributes to its creation. It is going to set up as the cornerstone of the theoretical structure and to define the evolutions of psychoanalysis in two directions. On the one hand, the notion of traumatism enriches the scope of psychoanalysis as for instance the study of war traumatic neuroses, on the other hand, it weakens the psychoanalysis by contributing to the scissions between researchers, as for instance the conflicts concerning importance of traumatic seduction
Allard, Pascale. "Exploration de la dimension corporelle dans le traitement du traumatisme." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6903/1/030586016.pdf.
Full textStone, Daisy. "Le Traumatisme Dans Hiroshima, Mon Amour: Une Analyse Des Souvenirs." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1390.
Full textThiébaut, Christophe. "Intérêt de la tomodensitométrie dans la prise en charge des traumatismes de l'orbite." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON11128.
Full textBONNEFONT, PIERRE. "Apport de la tomographie sagittale dans la traumatologie du poignet : 25 cas cliniques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20217.
Full textAzouvi, Philippe. "Etude des fonctions exécutives dans les suites d'un traumatisme crânien sévère." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOMU07.
Full textBernier, Anne. "De la place du traumatisme incestueux dans l'approche clinique d'une patiente." Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M220.
Full textBilloux, Peyrot des Gachons Sophie. "Fonctionnement de la mémoire autobiographique dans un contexte de traumatisme psychique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30097/document.
Full textPsychological trauma defines the emotional shock experienced by an individual following a traumatic event. In some cases, the psychotraumatic symptomatology develops and persists, leading to the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder. The literature has widely described the memory impairment associated with the disease, especially dysfunction of autobiographical memory. This complex memory system contains the story of our past, on which our present identity and future aspirations are based. However, it remains unclear whether this deficit is due to premorbid autobiographical memory dysfunction, to the trauma exposure itself, or to the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology. Research has not yet clarified the relationship between autobiographical memory dysfunction and psychological trauma. Throughout this work, we will define autobiographical memory function in the context of psychological trauma. The first two studies will analyze autobiographical memory function following a single traumatic exposure and following repeated exposures. The final study will shed light on how autobiographical memory functions among participants with posttraumatic stress disorder in partial remission
Luxembourger, Olivier. "Traumatismes hépatiques : principes diagnostiques et thérapeutiques actuels d'après une revue de la littérature et à propos d'une série de 61 patients." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6420.
Full textMANSOOR, VINCENT ODILE. "Les contusions myocardiques dans les traumatismes thoraciques fermes : etude prospective." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF13810.
Full textGERI, JEAN-PIERRE. "Place de l'analgesie peridurale dans le traitement des traumatismes thoraciques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20156.
Full textLAOUENAN, WILLIAM. "Action de l'oxygene hyperbare dans les traumatismes medullaires." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20311.
Full textMazières, Frédéric. "Humour pervers, prison et écriture. Une analyse psychobiographique de l'œuvre romanesque du marquis de Sade." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA052.
Full textOur doctoral thesis suggests a Freudian analysis of Marquis de Sade novels. Our analysis is more precisely a work of psychobiography, which favours writers’ conflicts with their parents, and the subsequent psychological traumas. Sade novels and writing are the results of many parameters : a multi-pathogen childhood, a multi-pathological borderline personality (psychopathic and perverse), being a multi-recidivist, imprisonment or internment in asylums. Among all those psycho-socio-pathological parameters, prison, is the one that worsened his morbid tendencies and the violence of his writing, thus creating a prison psychosis. Threatened by the development of his personality towards a structural psychosis, Sade attempts to distance himself from those parameters, making them absurd, crazy instinctual representations coming from his dreams and reveries. The cathartic and therapeutic methods of humour and/or perverse comic played a part at that very moment. Owing to these symbolic methods he has developed in his correspondence with his wife and with « Milly », one of his friends, Sade stages himself and his sexual objects in pre-Oedipal fantasies. The stranger the aesthetics of Oedipal (or genital) sexuality are, the funnier it becomes. By means of perverse humour, Sade manages to mimic an illusory narcissistic victory. The perverse humour facilitates the psychic, emotional and moral murders of his readers. We completed our study by providing an analysis of an extreme form of perverse humour, necrophiliac perverse humour
Eluther, Ena. "L'africanité dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA3001.
Full textCan the africanity of caribbean cultures come down to distant survivals, or constitute the foundation of these cultures ? Literature, as a mirror of peoples, as a painting of cultures, as art, allows to perceive the cultural and literary continuity between the african continent and its caribbean diaspora. The comparison of english-speaking and french-speaking novels from the Caribbean and from West Africa and Central Africa shows common cultural features and literary topoi from one area to the other : colonial trauma, protection and adaptation of ancestral legacy, common spiritual values, linguistic problematics, paintings of resistance struggles in which the writer himself is in the frontline. This comparative study, which sometimes draws from caribbean and african oral literature, as from caribbean spanish-speaking literature, suggests that one should view the afro-caribbean cultural expressions as an extension of african cultural expressions, offering in this way a large panorama of the cultural and literary black world. From 1921 to the early years 2000, this analysis takes into account the changes of african and caribbean literatures and the societies they represent. Have the changes definitively broken the african civilizational unity, the cultural links between Africa and the Americas ? On the contrary, the reading of the novels of the corpus shows an homogeneous and coherent picture of cultural and literary expressions of Africa and its caribbean diaspora, so doing putting Africa back into the center of caribbean culture
Murcia, Thierry. "Jésus dans la littérature talmudique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3076.
Full textThis study presents a survey and a systematic analysis of the passages of Talmudic literature (Mishna – Tosefta – Palestinian Talmud – Babylonian Talmud – Midrashim), relative to Jesus or are supposed to be. The documents are examined, criticized and confronted to other sources of Jewish or Christian origin (Hellenistic Jewish literature, Jewish Apocrypha, rabbinic sources, Targumim, Toledot Yeshu – New Testament, Apostolic Fathers, Church Fathers). The investigation tries to answer to several questions: - What did the rabbis exactly know about Jesus? - Has their information any historical value? - Has their perception undergone some evolution? - Did the rabbis of the Talmud have access to the Gospels as a written source? The conclusion of this thesis is that all these documents are rooted in their Sitz im leben. They obviously attest – contra Peter Schäfer (Jesus in the Talmud, 2007) – that the rabbis had no direct acquaintance with the Gospels as written documents. This study also shows, concerning the Babylonian Talmud, that all the passages relative to Jesus belong to the last editorial layer of this corpus (VIIe-VIIIe century)
Taché, Emmanuelle. "Evaluation de la cognition sociale en situation d'interaction dans le traumatisme crânien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0054/document.
Full textSocial cognition, i.e. the ability to attribute mental states to others and to identify emotions, is often impaired in various pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). This ability is traditionally assessed with “paper-and-pencil” tasks that do not involve the participant in a social interaction situation. However, social cognition is central in our daily social interactions, as it helps us understand others’ speech and behavior. Thus, in this study, we assessed mental state attribution and emotion recognition abilities of TBI participants, using tasks that involve the participant in a communication situation (referential communication task and EViCog task). The EViCog task (social cognition evaluation in virtual interaction), designed for this research, provides audio-visual conversations with virtual humans, which express emotions and produce speech requiring mental state inference. The results showed that the difficulties of the TBI participants were even more important for the task in interaction situation (EViCog task) compared to traditional tasks in paper-and-pencil format. Moreover, in interaction situation, social cognition performance seemed to rely on mnemonic abilities (autobiographical memory and context memory), and on executive functions, while for traditional tasks, performances were only explained by some executive abilities
Berenfeld, Alain. "Place de l'echocardiographie trans-oesophagienne dans les traumatismes thoraciques fermes." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF13828.
Full textVALERO, PHILIPPE. "Les traumatises graves dans le departement des bouches-du-rhone : epidemiologie sur 4 mois (1/07/93 - 31/13/93) . devenir au trentieme jour d'evolution." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20102.
Full textCOURET, BOUTONNET FRANCOISE. "Interet de la mesure de l'epaississement choroidien dans le devenir des globes oculaires traumatises." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31035.
Full textVázquez, Ávila Monica. "La dimension historique présente dans le délire : corps, langage et générations." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070091.
Full textClinical work with insanity shows the presence of historical elements in delirious discourse. It might seem that delirium manifests in its discourse "fragments of reality" related to an event experienced by ancestry. From that event, delirium becomes a first stele of a language that shows "that" which was lived in the past as a traumatic experience, but not recorded by the psyche. The retrieval that delirium does of a part of history concerns a fragmented history, broken, non svmbolic, it is the "real" of history it has to do with the "historic truth" that returns from the outside. In this sense, delirium becomes origin to gestate a relation to the subject and language. Analyzing the notions of body, language and generations, we penetrate the implication of each of these notions in the history of the delirious subject. This research work studies the nature of the relation between delirium and history from a psychoanalytic perspective
LUCCIONI, BERNARD. "Apport de l'eeg quantifie dans le syndrome subjectif des traumatises craniens." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX20099.
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