Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traumatisme psychique chez l'enfant'
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Araneda, Maureira Marco. "Traumatisme psychique et cancer de l'enfant : la diplomatie psychique à l'épreuve." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070057.
Full textThis research studies how the concept of psychic traumatism is relevent and how it helps to understand the experiences that children with cancer have undergone, as well as their family. Tt tries to shed light on how the emotional experiences of the child can at time match or on the contrary mismatch with the theorical and clinical discourse about traumatism (medical, psychiatrical, psycho-oncological, psychoanalytical). A fundamental conflict occurs between on one hand the wish to acknowledge the psychological aspects of what has been experienced and, on the other hand, the wish to remove all traces and memories of that painful experience. Those two contradictory wishes are intertwined and deeply linked with the failures of the process of representation that happen in the intra-psychic mind of the child. In return, this intra-psychic stake will confront the process of representation and the dimension of wish in the interpersonal relation with the other. The psychoanalytical theories of Traumatism propose a vast overview but frequently simplifying the concept in order to be consensual. Those models must be continuously questioned to face new and original clinical realities. Two original concepts will be discussed that helps to understand the psychological work that occurs as well as the failures and dead ends in the process of representation that happens in the mind of the sick child and also in the mind of the parents and the professionals that share his ordeal. First, the psychic diplomacy developed by the child, and then the traumatic mutuality that will explain the fate of the psychic diplomacy all along the way of the cure of this potentially lethal disease
Vila, Gilbert. "Etats de stress post traumatiques chez l'enfant et l'adolescent : Réalité et Environnement." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070014.
Full textOur first Hypothesis was that psychopathological effects of stress and trauma are different, on the qualitative level and not on the quantitative level. We have drawn a parallel between personal studies on various populations suffering from stress or trauma : children exposed to trauma or stress, particularly pediatric diseases. Our methods were based on standardized data recording and statistical analyses (path analysis and multivariate methods). We have shown that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is characteristic of Trauma and is not observed when it is a matter of stress. PTSD does exist in children, in our culture and in the way the international classifications have described it. Before 5 years of age, it is necessary to correct the diagnostic criteria. Trauma exposure is indeed the major etiologic factor and the etiopathogeny may not amount to the parent reaction and the disorders they induce or reinforce in their children, even if parents can act a modulating or reinforcing role and be themselves victim of the agression or victimized in a second time. .
Guimaraes, Rosa Berger Maurice. "Plaidoyer pour une histoire clinique du trauma." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/guimareas_r.
Full textDespinoy, Dominique. "Ré-appropriations d'un passé traumatique au cours de psychothérapies d'enfants." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10016.
Full textKounou, Kossi Blewussi. "Association entre les traumatismes de l'enfance et les troubles de la personnalité : étude comparative entre la France et le Togo." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1942/.
Full textChildhood trauma (CT) is often related to major depressive disorder (MDD) and/or to personality disorders (PD) in adulthood. Little research has been carried out in french-speaking sub-Saharan Africa such as Togo, in order to examine these relations. Cultural differences occur in the perception and the reaction facing traumatic events. Our study aimed to compare among participants' groups, the frequencies of CT, PD and personality dimensions (Pd), to assess the relationship between CT and PD and to examine the mediating role of Pd between CT and PD. Methods: It is about a cross-study carried out in France and Togo on a sample composed of two groups of patients treated for a current MDD (a group in France, n = 89 and a group in Togo, n = 91) and a third group made up of witnesses without psychiatric history in Togo (n = 90). The 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used to evaluate CT. The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+) and the Internatioanl Personality Item Pool (IPIP-50) were used to assess the PD and the Pd, respectively. Results: 270 participants of mean age: 34. 1 years (SD = 12. 0), have been evaluated. Patients treated in Togo reported more CT than their counterparts in France and the togolese witnesses for all types of abuse (p < 0. 01). There was a difference among the three groups concerning the number of PD symptoms (p < 0. 001) and the emotional stability dimension (F(2, 267) = 87. 71, p < 0. 001). On the whole sample, the total score of child abuse was positively correlated to the score of the PDQ-4+ (r(270) = 0. 36, p < 0. 01). With the patients treated in France, the physical neglect predicted the presence of cluster A PD, and narcissistic personality disorder. With the patients treated in Togo, physical abuse was a predictor of antisocial, obsessive-compulsive and negativist PD. In Togo, emotional instability mediated fully with the clinical population and partially with the witnesses the relationship between CT and PD while in France none of the Pd mentioned the link between CT and PD. Conclusion: There is a difference in the association and the pathway of CT to PD in our study population. A systematic evaluation of CT, PD and Pd carried out on patients treated for MDD would allow this population to have an optimal treatment
Dikpo, Thelesphore Toliton. "La question des enfants soldats : quels problèmes pour la défense du droit, le maintien, la garantie et la promotion de la sécurité internationale ?" Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_dikpo_t.pdf.
Full textEven though they are regarded as the future of the coming generations, children nowadays are recruited as soldiers in more than forty countries either willingly or forcibly in over than about fifty armed conflicts. They are used as tactics actors and innocents' victims. Since the 1980's, they are key elements and factors in the political and strategic spheres. They are more than 300,000 Childs soldiers involved in modern armed conflits. This phenomenon is as ancient as humanity. In spite of the strength and the variety of the judicial arsenal, the diplomatic and political supports in favour of the children and they protection, we must note the huge fragility of these mechanisms related to war rights and children's Rights. A number of questions arise as a result. When did the child soldiers' phenomenon start? What are the military, political, economical and social reasons which underlie the recruitment of Children in armed conflict? What is the role being played by the children? What are the physical and psychological consequences for children as a result of their participation as soldiers in armed conflict? Should they be punished for the atrocities they have carried out? What are the challenges faced by the transitional justice and how could they be applied to those children? So Many questions which this thesis has attempted to analyse in an interdisciplinary fashion
Guimaraes, Rosa. "Plaidoyer pour une histoire clinique du trauma." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/guimaraes_r.
Full textBisson, Béatrice. "Séquelles de l'abus sexuel chez l'enfant selon les périodes développementales." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26212.
Full textRebière, Denis. "Approche du trauma psychique à l’hôpital pédiatrique : effroi, sidération, élaboration du trauma." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20009/document.
Full textThe traumatism is historically a central notion in the field of the surgical medicine. With the claimss of victims' associations, it becomes a psychiatric syndrome. The psychoanalysis will endeavour throughout the last century to describe its functioning. It puts at the day order the responsibility of each traumatized subject in what happens to him. The event comes to reactivate a psychopathological process whose existence would be previous to the traumatic accident. But the general problem of the psychic traumatisme and of its interpretation (performance) still remains a reality nowadays. This clinical research, conducted among children and adolescents sick ( pediatric services) or wounded (pediatric surgery services), generalizes the psychopathology of the traumatism in the domain of pediatric somatic affections. It establishes a difference between a clinic of the dread and a clinic of anguish. The dread (or terror) associated with a mechanisme of sideration, rather occurs in the domain of corporal wounds, the anguish articulated with the repression is rather concerned after the annoncment of a serious disease, such as cancer
Leconte, Marie-Gina. "L'enfant contenant de négatif : des avatars de la transmission en thérapie familiale psychanalytique." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H060.
Full textThe purpose of this study to show that the apparition of symptoms - mental, behaviours and/or somatic - under the oedipial problematic, can: on one hand, testify the existence in the individual's psyche of traumatic memory traces inherited from past generations which are not displayed in the register of representation and symbolic language. On the other hand, refer to the conflict individual has actively started against this transgenerationnel inheritance which is alienating and invading the individual's psyche, in order to achieve the elaboration, transformation and repression on the memory of remembrance and oblivion as part of symbolic construction. The individual's hope remains, wishing this call for help would be heart. Very often, this call is expressed in a self-destructive acting way and/or heterodestructive. Both in an extraterritorial sense. These non-elaborated memory traces, that are components of the family system, are hardly clinically curable. They can be catered undifferentiated family primary link. This link is related to the failure of the family mental system in its functions of holding and controlling excitations. The experimental group will be composed of eight families from Caribbean islands ans Guadeloupe, and one from metropolitan France
Olliac, Bertrand. "Evénements de vie, traumatismes psychiques et tentatives de suicide chez l'enfant et l'adolescent." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2222/.
Full textLife events, Psychotraumas and Suicide Attempts in Child and Adolescents Psychotrauma corresponds to a life event which is characterised by its intensity, the incapacity to cope adequately and the overwhelming lasting pathogenic effects induced in the psychological organization. If the childhood psychotrama has been minimized for a long time, it is now well identified. However the issue of their exploration is rather recent. Studies concerning psychotrauma, and its consequences, have considerable difficulties in defining their boundaries. It is particularly difficult to detail mechanisms implicated in a trauma. These aspects are developed in the first part of this work. In a second part, the psychometric properties of the French version of the Child Post Traumatic Symptom Reaction Index (CPTS-RI), which is an auto administered tool elaborated to diagnose Post Traumatic Stress Disorders in children and adolescents have been studied. Thanks to its psychometrics properties, its speed and ease with which it is administrated and quoted, it is an interesting and usable instrument for clinicians as well as researchers to evaluate the PTSD in children and adolescents. In addition to its diagnostic aspect it allows to quantify symptomatology intensity. It had never been validated in its French version. In the third part, the associations between life events, the amount of worry and suicide attempts during adolescence. It is shown that the number and the nature of life events have a significant impact on the risk of suicide attempt. When these life events happen adolescents' worries are impacted by them. Finally the risk of suicide attempt is increased when the amounts of worry domains are accentuated
Karroum, Nayla. "Du traumatisme de guerre à la création des classes de transition au Liban." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131041.
Full textTrauma, this combat of transgenerational parenting, which Lebanese war victim children suffer from, remains in their psychosomatic manifestation, in their fears and their repetitive dreams. Survivors of the ongoing war which has had a striking effect on their personality, their behavior and their learning resulting from traumatic events that have attacked and threatened their integrity, emerge with feelings of fear, terror, abandonment, shame and guilt. This phenomenon of breaking of the psyche has been the objective and study of many cognitive and behavioral psychoanalysts. Traumatic situations can be experienced differently by each person: their symptoms may be different. What is traumatic, are repressed emotions kept secret from one generation to another where the child lives under the influence of his parents. This transgenerational is the basis of inhibitions and learning disabilities among children in their latency period. Lebanese children have experienced trauma of various forms spread over time and space. This trauma has had many symptoms, emotions, and common diseases depending on different parental transmissions. The creation of « transition classes » comes as a solution, in support of any child who has experienced trauma during its various development with or without the war; and these classes have become the dream of families inflicted by war trauma or the children of the third generation involved in their parental transmission
Bissouma, Anna-Corinne. "Représentation de soi et visagéification dans les traumatismes orthopédiques de l’enfant : penser une approche psychique pour panser le corps." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD029/document.
Full textBetween here and elsewhere, between practices and disciplines, between patients, surgeons and psychiste, this thesis is the effect of meetings with children with orthopedic trauma suffered. Burglary, the fracture is orthopeadic trauma and made trauma. Desubjectivation, fragmentation of the body, violence, pain and suffering are then the lot of children in pediatric surgery. And when the end prevails over all the body, the body becomes other-I. From Abidjan to Paris, four clinical histories of children show that, amid terror and loss of the look, the face-losing is at work in pediatric surgery regardless of the quality or type of care. In these children, self-representation and subjective testing of three drawings helped to understand the disturbances in self-image and suffering taking’s face and other issues involved. It appeared that the repair is not always followed by restoration. Therapeutic and relational mediator, drawing has proven tool visage-ification of burglary and psycho revisage-ification its mirror function. In the time of care, then replays the mirror stage. The underpinning of mothering look and psychiste, in the process, promote rebuilding of the child's self whose effect is to give it a unified picture of him promoting a reappropriation of the body. Thus emerges a new function of psychiste in pediatric surgery, that of "psy-chir" to describe the terms of a particular psychotherapeutic assistance in support of the design and visage-ification, to heal the body
Dayan, Jacques. "L'agression sexuelle de l'enfant et de l'adolescent : aspects épidémiologiques, criminologiques et psychopathologiques." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20056.
Full textThe concept of trauma developed y psychoanalysis specially enlighten the comprehension of the sequels of child sexual abuse. Emotions and cognition as rememoration are modified by the aggression. These distortions could be understood as mechanisms of defence. The consequences in the examination of the child or the adolescent in forensic practice are detailed. Two multicentric studies with comparison groups, one using the CECA (Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse) demonstrated the importance of victimisation and precise the occurence of more classic troubles as post-traumatic stress disorder among this population. We also discuss birth as a traumatic event and the occurence of severe troubles as bipolar disorders in this occasion
Giordano, Francesca. "Le "test de trois dessins : "avant", "pendant", et "avenir"" : Un outil qualitatif pour l'évaluation clinique du traumatisme psychique chez l'enfant victime de tremblement de terre." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131003.
Full textDuvillié-Moustacchi, Rébecca. "Approche ethnopsychiatrique d'enfants migrants en milieu scolaire." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080915.
Full textAmong the children who have failed at school, lots of them are immigrants. As a school psychologist, my observations led me to the hypothesis that the cultural shock, because of the immigration, could give rise for the children to a disorganized traumatism leading to various pathologies. Then the child is brought to built himself in his new culture with more or less happiness. This hypothesis is proved by the detailed study of four cases. A six-year old child from the antilles, nevrotic, refusing to leran to read in relation to the maternal thaumaturgy ; an egyptian child, six years old, suffering from castration anguish, a thrity-year old french woman whose son had aftermath from a cerebral traumatism, showing suicidal tendencies after a succession of viols ; an african chil struck down by mutism becazuse of the difference of his culture. The study of these cases takes into account the cultural importance of the traumatism. The ethnopsychiatric approach of the psychological consultation as it was conceived by g. Devereux and t. Nathan was proved to be efficient in the recovery of these cases. This methodology brings precision in the psychological treatment of these children at risk and in the same way avoiding them the way of the inadapted childhood
Oliveira, Lira Patricia. "La maltraitance envers les enfants comme forme actuelle du malaise dans la culture." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131003.
Full textThe question of children who are victims of mistreatment is currently a central point of the socio-politic scene. The discourses of both moral and expert points of views tend to trivialize this question. They put it away like a phenomena which is not really recognized as being legitimate and without paying attention. Terror and scandal set the tone of a sensationalist media and introduce a widespread suspicion that adults, especially those who play the role of parents, become potential criminals, and in which the child supposed to be fragile and innocent, could become a potential victim. This study which is highly theoretical issue, tries to understand the subjective logic that could be hidden behind such questioning. To respond to it, the start of our work is to adopt the opposite hypothesis of the dominant discourse. Our point of view focuses on the fact that mistreatment is anchoring in a dynamic process rather than in a simple ‘given fact’, that is ill-treated child. This mistreatment construction has specially something to do with the contemporary subjectivities and the place that occupied by the child. At first, our work strives to highlight the terms of this construction by evoking the notions of danger and of victim in relation with the psychic trauma and with of child of law. In a second time, it is interested in a psychoanalytic approach from the concepts of trauma, of infantile sexuality and of phantasm, articulated at the image of the ill-treated child to ultimately consider the notion of mistreatment as a form of the culture uneasiness
Niyodusenga, Jean-Marie V. "Education, intégration des enfants rwandais traumatisés par la guerre." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20037.
Full textIn Rwandan society, the child is a treasure to be protected. But those who survived the genocide and massacres of 1994 present post traumatic troubles which are stopping them from following a normal school education. The current situation in Ruanda brings to mind the neuroses occasioned by war, which Louis Crocp calls post traumatic stress syndrome. The DSM-III defines post traumatic stress syndrome as the reliving of the traumatic event, reduction of contact with the exterior world, and a variety of neurovegetative, dysphoric and cognitive symptoms. The survey carried out amongst the parents, the “teachers” and children confirms that the post traumatic stress syndrome is closely linked to the war in 1994, and shows the degree of psychological damage caused by the war especially in the children and the young people of 8-20 years. In this situation, education is one of the principal tools for reintegrating the victims of these dramas. The aim of education is to help children to reorganise their defences, and to rebuild their self esteem in order to get over the traumatism and reconstruct an identity bruised by the genocide. Faced with the psychological suffering of the children, we turned to the use of storytelling as the educational and therapeutic medium. Storytelling has had positive effects on the children who are in the CENA in Kigali. The effects have shown themselves by the willingness of the children to recount their past through traditional Rwandan stories and stories which they made up ; for some this is the beginning of mourning and for others a way of increasing their resilience. It has enabled them to make a step towards psychosocial integration. Analysis of the grid for self esteem show convincingly that story telling has helped to reduce the children's suffering by increasing their self esteem ; so it is worthwhile getting children to work at storytelling so that they can distance themselves from the genocide and project themselves into the future
Touzard, Colette. "Troubles de la figuration, troubles de la pensée, la psychose et la prépsychose de l'enfance dans sa dimension psychosomatique à l'adolescence." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H044.
Full textAl, Chartouni Antoine. "Représentation de la mort et anxiété chez les enfants libanais après la guerre de juillet 2006 : approches psycho-sociale et clinique des traumatismes de guerre vécus par les enfants Libanais." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070010.
Full textClauswitz compares war to a larger scale fight, and to a fight between two warring factions. He begins saying that war is therefore an act of violence intended for compelling the enemy to bow to our will; violence is the means, and the end is to impose the foe's will to enemy. In fact, civil war is really an armed conflict. Clauswitz's definition can be applied thereto: this is an act of social life, a conflict of high interests that can only be solved by bloodshed. It is the development of a policy chosen by a human group whenever the normal political game no longer seems to enable it to reach the aim already set. Lebanese society witnessed a succession of wars, the last one dating back to July 2006 between Hozbullah and Israël. That war had so momentous psychological sequels on both children and adults who were already through wars in Lebanon which roused all the unconscious processes of the former Lebanese wars. The current thesis is about the case study of sixty Lebanese children and the impact of that war on these randomly chosen children, while studying their perception of death and anxiety after they were through the last war on the Lebanese territory on one hand, and aiming at the war traumas, on the other. Anxiety can be sensed as a signal aimed at the conscious ego to enable it to take measures in view of the war and its serious consequences, that war being triggered by libidinal requirements and the constraints of the superego. Anxiety can, therefore, serve as defense mechanisms. On the whole, as they felt horrible trauma of July war 2006, shelling and houses destructions, and faced real or likely death of their family, Lebanese children proved to be interesting subjects for our research, inasmuch as the idea they have about death affects their relationships with both death and dead. Our research suggests the study of the following problematic: working out repressed emotions about death, about anxiety and war psychological trauma of the Lebanese children after July 2006 war. Tests that shall be applied in this study are the projective test: CAT, test for assessing anxiety R-CMAS and the free drawing, not forgetting interviews with children. Children are of two sexes, and their ages vary between 7 and 12: latency period. They lived in the five provinces of Lebanon: Beirut, Mount Lebanon, Bekaa, North and South,just as all communities in Lebanon: Christians, Maronites, Orthodoxes and other ones that include: other Christian communities, Islam: Sunnites, Shiites and Druzes. Therefore, score of children face the fear to lose their home, their possessions and their relatives. In such conditions, all the constants needed for the children self-fulfillment are practically and seriously disturbed, and the psychological damages of the armed conflicts are too many. Vulnerable children are often misled by messages condemning their friends and neighbors. Corning under their influence, a good deal of them becomes insensitive and distrustful. As tremendous as tragic as these situations may seem for individuals and families, they are even more costly for the society in the long run. A child raised on violence shall learn to be violent. A child raised on hatred, shall learn to hate. An ill treated child and immune to physical cruelty and ordeal shall bear deep inside seeds that no one will know whether they can be uprooted. This thesis shall aim to know these children once psychologically hurt in that war
Tabatabai, Minou. "Les conséquences de la guerre sur l'éducation des enfants." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1431.
Full textBourouais, Yassine. "On bat une maman : Lien d'attachement de l'enfant exposé à la violence conjugale." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2030.
Full textThe domestic violence is a worrisome problem in modern times; the child exposed to this violence, between his parents, finds important difficulties in the construction of a link of attachment with these. The concept of attachment is not defined by the psychoanalysis, it invites himself as articulator concept, in particular as regards the debate on the appearance of the theory of the attachment. This is in support of a cross-theoretical clinical model crossing the attachment theory and psychoanalysis that this research attempts to determine the extent to which domestic violence alters the quality of the attachment link of the exposed child.Safety of the link allows the child to explore the environment and to strengthen its representations, except in the case of exposure to domestic violence where insecurity hovers over the link between the child and the attachment figures. When the father beats the mother, the child y exposed perceives an attack of the link, and the safety link between the child and his parents depends on the safety of the link between the parents.Exposure to domestic violence affects the quality of the link between the child and his parents, the insecurity of the attachment seems to be traumatic and generates identifying conflicts. Domestic violence distorts the representative capacities of the child, the attachment figures bewilder him in a context of relational coolness, they offer hatred instead of love, insecurity rather than confidence
Godbout, Natacha. "Répercussions à long terme de traumas subis durant l'enfance au sein de la relation conjugale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26351/26351.pdf.
Full textFeldman, Marion. "Psychologie et psychopathologie des enfants juifs, cachés en France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et restés en France depuis la Libération." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131016.
Full textThe qualitative research concerns the psychic construction of hidden jewish children during the Second World War, in France. After setting out the historical context of the relationship between France and the Jews, we outline psychological theories of child development, as well as the life events that can interfere with the process of child. Next, we present a review of the psychological literature. In accordance with the complementarist research methodology, we provide a detailed analysis of ten interviews with “hidden children”, born in France to migrant parents. After the ten longitudinal analyses, we provide a transversal analysis, which light on the three lines identified in the psychic construction of each person. These observations allow us to identify a specific trauma that is defined by affiliation, identity and family problems which are linked to a series of traumatic events, involving a process of deculturation but not mentioned for several decades
Allenou, Charlotte. "Facteurs de risque péritraumatiques d'un trouble de stress post-traumatique dans un groupe de mères d'un enfant victime d'accident." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/922/.
Full textBackground : the rare cohort studies involving parents whose child has suffered a road traffic accident (RTA) show that about 20% of mothers present with clinically significant symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) one month after the accident and 6% one year later. These figures suggest that second hand trauma exposure and PTSD among significant others might be underestimated. However, unlike with other types of trauma survivors, few studies have investigated the predictors of PTSD in parents whose child has suffered a RTA. This prospective and longitudinal study assessed, within a group of mothers whose child has suffered a RTA, the incidence of PTSD after the accident and the predictive power of peritraumatic distress and dissociation for PTSD. Methods: the assessment of peritraumatic distress, peritraumatic dissociation and PTSD was carried out using respectively, the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire and the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory during the week following the accident; and the PTSD CheckList Specific and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale 5 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after the accident. Results: 89 mothers, of mean age 41. 2 (SD=5. 9), have completed the study. Five weeks, 6 months and 1 year after the accident, respectively 18. 8%, 11. 7% and 5. 6% of mothers presented with significant PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptoms were positively correlated with peritraumatic distress, respectively 5 weeks (r(68)=. 33, p<. 01), 6 months (r(59)=. 68, p<. 01) and 1 year after the accident (r(53)=. 41, p<. 01); and with peritraumatic dissociation, respectively 5 weeks (r(68)=. 33, p<. 01), 6 months (r(59)=. 68, p<. 01), and 1 year after the accident (r(53)=. 41, p<. 01). Peritraumatic distress was found to be a predictor of mothers' acute PTSD symptoms (ß=. 45, p<. 01) and peritraumatic dissociation was found to be a predictor of PTSD symptoms at 6 months post-trauma (ß=. 25, p<. 05). Conclusion: peritraumatic responses and PTSD symptoms should be routinely assessed among parents whose child has experienced a traumatic event
Ning, Ling Han. "La vie psychique et sociale des enfants dans les orphelinats chinois." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H001/document.
Full textMy research aims to psychic and social life of children in Chinese orphanages. These children are often abandoned because of their disability. They are placed as a result of the failure of their parents following a death, pauperism, imprisonment, or the difficulties they face leading to the abandonment of the child. I wonder how these children in Chineseorphanages will organize themselves socially and psychologically to deal with the double trauma: abandonment and placement. To test the effects of emotional deprivation crossed with the abandonment and institutionalization, an exploratory research, which consists of field observation and interviews with three nurses is carried out in two Chinese orphanages. And then, the data collection was conducted with 16 children from 7 to 12 years with the methodological tools: the interview with children, drawing and testing stories. The analysis of data collected is based on three vectors that underlie the organization of the psychic life of an individual : self-representation, representation of his relationship with others, defense mechanisms implemented. The presentation of results is divided into two parts: comprehensive study of data (comprehensive study of the interviews, comprehensive study of the drawings, comprehensive study of the test stories) and case studies (7 cases among the samples are selected for in-depth studies). The results show that these children have deficiencies in self-representation which are detected by the self-esteem damaged and negative feelings, deficiencies in their relationship with others of the order of pathology of the link, and to deal with their situation, some children may enter into a process of resilience which is observed by the defense mechanisms they use or by reference to a guardian of resilience
Duval, Josée. "La mentalisation à l'adolescence et les traits de personnalité limite et narcissique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28209.
Full textLeveque, Christophe. "Scène subjective, inter-scénalité et trans-scénalité : modélisation des transits de la réalité psychique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20148.
Full textThe research work proposed within the framework of this thesis focuses upon the unconscious psychic transmission, with a particular emphasis on the various forms of transits of psychological reality. Based on The forms, channels and the roles of the transits, the interaction between the various subjective scenes, be they the dream scene, the game scene, the body scene or the Other in the relationship, have been studied in a child clinic with children in a day hospital or in a medical psychological centre. The psychological scene in view of its growth, its development, is unthinkable without the object, that is why the model proposed on the psychoanalytical theory, but also investigating other epistemologies such as phenomenology, neurosciences, embryology, is an intersubjective model. Following the kleinian authors, but also the groupalists’ work, its purpose is to build a representation of the intermediary space, or space in between, located between the scenes and from which psychological transactions and transmissions organize themselves. It is possible to characterize this place of connection, to propose a metaphor for it, a topology, to show it is real, with specific processes. Considering the between-two and the alternating between the subjective scenes on which the psychological reality shows, also leads us to ask questions about the modes of representation of conflicts, to think in terms of scenality, inter-scenality, trans-scenality, also to investigate the intrapsychic occurrence which articulates its operation and staging. Because the self is a border being and it has a function of articulation, one could evoke, with a theatrical metaphor, a dramatist and scenographer self, and show how the interconnected subjective scenes then allow to get back to an associative link and a narrative continuity.When mental suffering is too acute and it cannot be psychologized, the remote scene (the phobic scene for instance) proves to be a powerful attraction of psychic reality, and it gives a shape to the conflict. Because of a coincidence, a sameness, or other, it is a relay, one should think about it as a place where tensions lay and discharge as in a transit area or sometimes a quarantine zone keeping the excess pain away and avoiding a contamination of the whole.Some identifiable mechanisms play a key role in the psychologicaltransfer, particularlythe projective identification which ensures pain is carried out and, especially, communicated to the therapist. Indeed, because the therapeutic scene attracts undeveloped toxic psychic contents which may be linked to a transgenerational transmission, it also operates like a distant scene in which a sharing of the affective and emotional experiences takes place. The coverage of the alternation games often involving several scenes interconnected together such as the therapeutic scenes, transferential as well as corporeal, oniric, fantasmal, which represent as many potential places of expression of psychological conflict, finally leads us, thus opening up to a future research work, to consider another method of associativity which we name inter-scenal associativity
Dozio, Elisabetta. "La transmission du traumatisme de la mère au bébé en contexte humanitaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB217.
Full textSeveral studies on the inter- and trans-gerational transmission of trauma confirm the evidence of transmission without giving a detailed description of the process that could be the basis of mother to child direct transmission. Understanding this process could help to think and promote early care for traumatized mothers and their children. This is especially important in contexts of collective trauma, such as humanitarian emergencies, where a large part of the population is exposed to extreme and repeated traumatic events. In order to identify the determinants of the mother to child direct transmission in a humanitarian context, we recruited twenty-four mother-child dyads, in three countries affected by the Central African political and religious crisis started in 2013 (Central African Republic, Chad and Cameroon). The twenty-four dyads were composed by mothers exposed to one or more traumatic events, in the absence of the child, before childbirth or during pregnancy and their children, aged from one month to three years. We met the mother-child dyads during a semi-structured interview that we filmed in order to allow a microanalysis of the cross-modal (visual, bodily, vocal) interactions between mother and child. The objective was to understand whether interactions underwent modifications during the revocation of the traumatic event by the mother, and if yes, to have a better comprehension of these changes. Dyadic interactions were also observed in a free play situation without the presence of interviewers. Maternal representations as well as traumatic markers in mother discourse have been taken into account as factors contributing to the traumatic transmission. The results of the dyadic exchanges analysis during the interview show some evidences in the modification of interactions during the traumatic revocation of the mother. The details of this difference in mother-child interactions are presented in the results session. In the discussion session, the results from the microanalysis of interactions, have been connected to the mother's speech where we can notice the role of maternal representations about the child that have an important involvement in traumatic transmission. The analysis of all these multiple components seems to indicate that maternal trauma influences the mother's representations about the child, her relationship with him and the intergenerational mandate of which the child will be assigned to. In addition, traumatized mothers who are overwhelmed by their own negative emotional state, have difficulties in interpreting the child's verbal and non-verbal expressions correctly and finding appropriate answers. This difficulty is reflected in the transmission of mother negative emotional state to the child, who interprets the mother's lack of response or inadequate responses to his solicitations, as negative signals about his own emotional state. The child has no other strategies than internalizing the maternal negative affective state and transforming it into its own internal state. Despite the evidence of the transmission of the negative emotional state from the mother to the child, we have observed some protective factors that can preserve mothers and children from the inevitability of this transmission. Mothers and children show many internal resources and skills that suggest a possible recovery as well as give the basis to think about the prevention of traumatic transmission, when the process is already underway. To conclude this work we present clinical applications for the management of traumatized mothers and their young children in order to reduce the effects of the possible transmission of trauma to the child or, where possible, to prevent it
Diversi studi sulla trasmissione inter e tran-generazionale del trauma confermano l'evidenza della trasmissione, ma senza fornire una descrizione dettagliata del processo che potrebbe essere alla base della trasmissione diretta dalla madre al bambino. Comprendere questo processo potrebbe aiutare a pensare e promuovere la cura precoce delle madri traumatizzate e dei loro bambini. Ciò è tanto più importante nelle situazioni di trauma collettivo, come possono essere le emergenze umanitarie, dove una gran parte della popolazione è esposta a eventi traumatici estremi e ripetuti. Al fine di individuare le caratteristiche specifiche della trasmissione diretta del trauma psichico dalla madre al bambino in ambito umanitario, abbiamo reclutato ventiquattro diadi madre-bambino in tre paesi colpiti dalla crisi politico-religiosa della Repubblilca Centrafricana che ha avuto inizio nel 2013 (Centrafrica, Ciad e Camerun). Nelle ventiquattro diadi, la madre ha assistito a uno o più eventi traumatici in assenza del bambino, prima della nascita o durante la gravidanza e il bambino ha un'età compresa tra un mese e tre anni. Hanno partecipato a un' intervista semi-strutturata che abbiamo filmato per consentire la microanalisi delle interazioni cross-modali (visive, corporee, vocali) tra madre e bambino, con l'obiettivo di comprendere se durante la rievocazione dell'evento traumatico della madre, le interazioni madre-bambino si modificano e in questo caso, come. Le interazioni diadiche sono state osservate anche in una situazione di gioco libero senza la presenza d¿intervistatori. Le rappresentazioni materne e gli elementi identificatori del trauma nel discorso della madre sono stati considerati come fattori che contribuiscono alla trasmissione traumatica. I risultati delle analisi dell'interazione diadica durante l'intervista mostrano un cambiamento evidente dell'interazione nel momento della narrazione traumatica della madre. I dettagli delle differenze osservate nell'interazione madre-bambino sono presentati nella sessione dei risultati e nella discussione sono messi in relazione con il contenuto e la forma del discorso della madre, in cui è possibile vedere il ruolo delle rappresentazioni materne à proposito del bambino, nella trasmissione del trauma. L'analisi di tutti queste componenti multiple suggerisce che il trauma materno ha un impatto sulle rappresentazioni della madre a proposito del suo bambino, del rapporto che ha con lui e del mandato transgenerazionale di cui il bambino sarà portatore. Inoltre, le madri traumatizzate, invase dal proprio stato emotivo negativo, mostrano una difficoltà a interpretare correttamente le espressioni verbali e non verbali del bambino e a trovare delle risposte adeguate alle sue sollicitazioni. Questa difficoltà si traduce nella trasmissione dello stato emotivo negativo della madre al bambino, che interpreta la mancanza di risposta della madre o le risposte inadeguate alle sue richieste, come segnali negativi rispetto al suo stato emotivo. Il bambino non riesce a trovare altre strategie oltre a quella di interiorizzare lo stato emotivo negativo della madre e trasformarlo nel proprio stato emotivo interno. Nonostante le prove della trasmissione dello stato emotivo negativo dalla madre al bambino, abbiamo osservato alcuni fattori protettivi in grado di preservare le madri e i bambini dall'inevitabilità della trasmissione. Madri e bambini mostrano diverse risorse e competenze interne che ci portano a immaginare che una "riparazione" è possibile, cosi come anche la prevenzione della trasmissione traumatica, nel caso in cui il processo è già avviato. Per concludere questo lavoro, presentiamo delle proposte cliniche destinate alle madri traumatizzate e ai loro bambini, al fine di ridurre gli effetti della possibile trasmissione del trauma al bambino o, quando possibile, per impedirla
Meilac, Cédric. "Expertise psychologique de l’enfant et de l’adolescent en enquête préliminaire : des facteurs d'influence à l'analyse séquentielle psychovictimologique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD008.
Full textThe practice of psychological examination - in the context of a criminal procedure - of the child or teenager who claims to have been a victim of sexual violence, is at the start of the present study. It raises the question of the standpoint – procedural, clinical and methodological – of the expert psychologist, as well as that of credibility. Leaving aside possible factors of influence and what the allegations might not be or be insufficiently in relation to a typical traumatic talk, we have focused our attention on what they might be or might reveal and illustrate about the psychological functioning of the author of the claims. Starting from a survey of the available literature, we have envisaged a clinical view of the allegation, based on a multidimensional model which encompasses all at once the cognitive-developmental, psycho-genetic, underlying, interrelational, circumstantial, procedural, syndromic, semiological and intrapsychic dimensions. Such model, which places the allegation process (referring or not to a traumatic experience undergone in reality) at the heart of a multidimensional and multifactorial analysis, considers the said analysis on a dynamic register, including the acquisitions validated in each of the fields referred to by the abovementioned dimensions. Starting from real psychological examinations and using a hypothetic-deductive approach, we have developed a tool which we call a sequential psycho-victimological analysis table, aiming at allowing the matching of elements belonging to distinct dimensions, to highlight and test hypotheses
Aoun, El Ghazzi Micheline. "L'hyperactivité au Liban une actualité controversée." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC051.
Full textIn Lebanon, hyperactive children is at an increasing rate, it is as a social corruption. In the present paper, the research will be mainly on the French approach considering some specific modalities of the psychological functions like narcissism, pulsing, separation and individualization. . . . Furthermore, the research will reflect on the psychological trauma caused by the Lebanese wax and its impact on the child's behavior. As well as the societal changes and family functioning. The search feature is the subject of a study involving seven Lebanese children hyperactive, four Christians and three Muslims, builds on the award of the Rorschach projective test
Anne, Paillart. "L'indemnisation du traumatisme psychique chez les vétérans : un parcours difficile." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6023.
Full textJove-Parera, Antonia. "Effets psychologiques de l'hospitalisation de l'enfant." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11017.
Full textBaudin, Grégoire. "Facteurs de risque environnementaux des troubles psychotiques : focus sur les expériences infantiles traumatiques." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2005/document.
Full textThis article thesis aimed to identify environmental risk factors (ERF) that are associated with the onset and the prognosis of non-affective psychotic disorders, in a French context. We based our work on Howes and Murray’s sociodevelopmental-cognitive model, and the sensitization model. Our results showed that one area-level environmental risk factor, namely the economic deprivation, and several aspects of childhood traumas, an individual ERF, are associated with an increased risk to develop psychotic disorders. Furthermore, we identified childhood traumas and cannabis consumption as modifier factors for these disorders. Finally, we sought to link our previous results, the two original models, and conceptual inputs from the theory of structural dissociation of personality in a coherent, clinically useful, and biopsychosocial framework. Our results suggest that both arealevel and individual environmental risk factors are involved in the onset and poor prognosis of psychotic disorders. They open perspectives for new therapeutic strategies
Hideux, Sylvie. "Traumatismes fermes du rein chez l'enfant." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR1M248.
Full textPaul, Olivia. "Développement socio-affectif des enfants exposés à la violence conjugale : une approche de la sécurité émotionnelle : étude des conduites intériorisées et extériorisées et des symptômes de stress post-traumatique de 46 enfants âgés de 5 ans et demi à 12 ans, et analyse de leurs représentations de la violence et des relations familiales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20061/document.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study the influence of specific and combined context of domestic violence on socio-emotional development of children aged between 5 and a half to 12 and to consider their representations of violence and their family relationships. Our study is based on the model of emotional security Cummings and Davies (1994). With this in mind, our sample consists of 32 mothers and 46 children aged 5 and a half to 12, living in a context of domestic violence. The mothers have filled in three questionnaires assessing first, the intensity of domestic violence using the « Conflict Tactic Scale II » (Cyr, Fortin & Chénier, 1997), the socio-emotional adaptation of their children with the questionnaire « Children Behavior Checklist » (Achenbach, 1991) and then, a general information questionnaire. As for the children, they have filled in four questionnaires that allow to understand their perceptions of violence with « Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict » (Cyr & Fortin, 2001), the process of parentification through the « Parentification Questionnaire Youth » (Fortin 2001), loyalty conflicts with the « loyalty conflicts questionnaire » (Fortin, 2005) and post-traumatic stress symptoms with « Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children » (Briere, 1989). Finally, the « Systemic Analysis of Group Affiliation » (Compagnone, 2009) has been used with the children to understand their representations of cohesion and power within their families.The main results show that half of the children have externalizing problems and 82.6% internalizing problems. The degree of exposure to child abuse influences his representations of family cohesion, his feeling of threat and blames, his loyalty conflicts and the presence of certain symptoms of PTSD. The children’s representations of violence and family relationships, such as parentification, the feeling of blame, loyalty conflicts and the representations of cohesion and power in the family, are predictive of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorders and social-emotional adjustment. The modulating effect of the representation of power and family cohesion, as well as depictions of violence and conflicts of loyalty have been highlighted. Finally, more than half of the children in this sample, have been exposed to domestic violence but also to direct abuse, that’s why the consequences underlined are all the more important. All these results allow us to propose research perspectives and methods of interventions
Pillaudin, Marine. "L'enfance dans l'art : espace transitionnel, transfiguration et transfert dans le dessin, la photographie et la vidéo." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010511.
Full textRelying on personal experience in drawing, collage and photography, this thesis on poiesis explores the subject of childhood in Art. Designed as a work in progress, it stems from the intimacy of drawing and aims at constructing a singular outlook from the display of photography and films depicting childhood trauma. It verifies the hypothesis stating that the artist peers into his own childhood and that of others in order to conquer creative fields hitherto ignored, at the threshold of the intimate other. The first section scrutinizes the works of Louis Bourgeois, Mike Kelley and Rosemarie Trockel striving to understand how their creative processes reactivate transitional space -and its associated phenomena- by immersing us in distant recollections of childhood. The second section questions the transfiguration and the dramatic alteration of children's faces filmed and photographed by Diane Arbus, Lewis Hine, Sebastiâo Salgado and Gillian Wearing. The thesis then pursues on to evaluate the aesthetic and political stakes bound to the use of these images by artists, the likes of Mathieu Pemot and Catherine Poncin. Ultimately, the third part is centred on the work of Gerhard Richter dealing with transfer as a means of resurfacing -through reiteration- past events that haunt him. The resulting product thus making it possible to set these wounds in stone. Mythesis is that the experience of total absorption/immersion in these works -simultaneously including and excluding us- makes it possible for the artist and the observer to acknowled e the narratives of ethers within themselves
Cuvelier, Lucie. "De la gestion des risques à la gestion des ressources de l’activité : étude de la résilience en anesthésie pédiatrique." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0773/document.
Full textThis research, which addresses patient safety, aims to develop a new approach to safety: resilience engineering. The thesis assumes that the resilience of a system, that is to say its ability to function under varying conditions expected or not, lies in the operators’ ability to articulate the management of risk with the management of their own resources. The analysis,conducted in the context of pediatric anesthesia and in collaboration with anesthetists, seeks to understand how professionals act in order to provide care in optimal conditions of comfort and safety, despite the uncertainties related to the complexity and the uncertainty of the human body. Three empirical studies were conducted to investigate this thesis. In addition to the observation of real work activity, interview techniques (critical incident technique and verbal protocols technique) and analyses of simulations were used. The first study allows the uncertainties and disruptions to be managed by anesthetists in their daily practice to be described. Two types of unexpected situations (possible situations and unthought situations) can be met. The way in which these situations are handled is not only related to the nature of the disturbances themselves, but mainly depends on their anticipation by operators in real conditions. The second study concerned the anticipation mechanisms of "possible situations" by the anesthetists. Results indicate that the definition of an envelope of possible situations is not only based on an assessment of patient’s risks, supported by rules and general knowledge in the field, but also on the evaluation and management of the team’s resources: the goal of anesthetists is to design situations adjusted to the resources of the various operators involved (themselves included) and/or that will be involved. Therefore, the anticipation takes into account the resources of the collective. Furthermore, this management aims not only at mastering the situation in the short term, but also at developing resources in the longer term. The third study concerns the management of an “unthought situation” which trespasses the envelope of a priori possible situations. Three ways to handle these unthought situations were identified: “cautious” management, “determined” management and “overwhelmed” management. The comparative analysis of the teams’ activities shows that the management of cognitive resources varies according to the way in which situations are handled. When facing unthought situations, teams not only attempt to manage the immediate risks to the patient but also to maintain a “sustainable control” of the situation, by avoiding misunderstandings within the group and by adapting care to teammates’ cognitive resources. Thus, the management of their own resources (skills, knowledge, know-how, rules of the trade, etc...) by operators is a key element for resilience. These results allow, on one hand, to identify organizational conditions favorable to the implementation of these processes of resource management developed by the operators and, on the other hand, to propose innovative methods for risk management in healthcare such as simulator training. While risk management is generally discussed in terms of “goals trade-off” between performance objectives and safety objectives, these results challenge this traditional opposition and question the models of performance underlying prevention methodologies
PLANCQ, DEBURGHGRAEVE MARIE-CHRISTINE. "Les traumatismes duodeno-pancreatiques fermes chez l'enfant." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM111.
Full textRobert-Ouvray, Suzanne Brigitte. "L'intégration motrice et le développement psychique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070117.
Full textThe whole human motor and psychological dynamic is based on contrary tonic and affective positions. Their integration and dialectic induce a conflicting motion which provides continuity to the psychic life
Montazami, Yassaman. "La mélancolie survivante chez les victimes de torture." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070034.
Full textThis research is based on a clinical experience with victims of torture and inhuman treatments in a context of collective and political violence. The suffering of these victims exceeds the simple notion of trauma. It requires to take into consideration some anthropological, sociological and political angles. By means of a "broad-listening", the clinician would be able to comprehend the "melancholy" of survivors, which is the result of dehumanizing actions upon them
Bockenmeyer, Jacqueline. "Le désir d'enfant chez la femme séropositive : illusion, réalité et traumatisme." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081381.
Full textOur study regards women's fate before and during pregnancy. In spite of the morbid process and the risk of giving birth to a child who might be an orphan, a growing number of young women with hiv infection are wish to have a child. In this population, the wish for a child was proved as a protecting defense mechanism or a screen in front of traumatic event constituted by the announcement and/or the knowledge of infection by hiv. This traumatic event is bursting in the depth of their body and their psyche. The sudden confrontation with the image of their own death provokes psychological perturbations. The wish for a child is transformed then in a necessity to be pregnant. It is the only antidote against psychological destructuration. Their own passed and future histcory is totally disturbed. The pregnancy in a hiv infected women doesn't eliminate the question of the child's future. If he is hiv infected, he will suffer and die. If he is not infected, he will become an orphan. \
BARRA, CHIOUSSE MICHELE. "Traumatismes du rein sur hydronephrose chez l'enfant : a propos de deux observations." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20016.
Full textROBLES, BIGAY DOMINIQUE. "Tendinites et accidents musculaires chez l'enfant sportif : a propos de 190 observations." Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STET6024.
Full textGrima, Marie-Annick. ""Re-panser" la vulnérabilité psychique observée chez certains enfants de migrants." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271288.
Full textHeyrend, Françoise. "Les conduites d’automutilations : contribution à l’étude psychanalytique d’une pathologie traumatique." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100197.
Full textThis case study is a pretext to a theoretico-clinical thought process about more or less deliberate bodily mutilation. It is the borders or the limits which come into play, more than death precisely, as in a deliberate quest of death : on the contrary, these mutilations come from the process of identity survival and from a quest of self affirmation. Our hypothesis is that common aspect of certain body attacks, past the cultural phenomenon, is the lack of symbolization in preceding generations, which has in turn brought on trans-generational transmission, and from there we find the lack of ties, of limits, and the forbidding of even thinking these faulty ties. However this does not result, as is generally the case, from an unvoiced comment or the existence of a family secret, but rather from an ordeal, a psychic or physical attack of an ancestor that could not be symbolized. The attacks on the body represents a form of resistance to a deep attachment to trauma that seeks to consolidate the frontiers of the self. In addition, the resorting to the exterior of the body, inasmuch as it signifies sacrificial acts, from a historical perspective, is closely akin to certain forms of body art tattoos, body piercings but other types include scarification, branding, scalpelling. Recent developments in society, especially in the treatment of loss and destructiveness help to explain the current increase of scarification among adolescents
Crespin, Virginie. "Les traumatismes fermés du rein chez l'enfant : à propos de 26 observations." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11143.
Full textDahdouh-Khouri, Dany. "La fin d'une illusion : quand la politique de l'autruche dysfonctionne et que le clivé fait retour : analyse à partir d'une clinique libanaise 2000-2006." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20069.
Full textThis research is rooted in my various professional experiences over more than a decade as a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst in training, dealing with children, adolescents, their families as well as adults. This relates to a particular type of clinical work since the data for this study was collected in Lebanon, a country that has an elusive history, punctuated by wars and scattered violence; a country that is characterized by a resonating and echoing system between individual trauma and collective traumas. This study refers more precisely to a well-defined population, consisting exclusively of former children and adolescents of the 1975-1991 Lebanese war having lived and grown up in the former East Beirut. The study is also characterized by the fact that, once the analytic cure was well advanced, I was able to understand that I experienced, during my childhood and my adolescence, similar shared moments with my patients pertaining to traumatic experiences resulting from the war. In fact, my adult patients, the parents of the children in psychotherapy as well as myself, found ourselves as children and adolescents in the same places, experiencing the same epoche, alone, and away from adults (our parents or teachers), the same violent and destructive war events. This is a reflection that pertains to four generations. I wonder as to the quality of the links that exist between the peculiarities of the elaborative work of personal traumatic experiences and family traumas within the context of child psychotherapy. My interrogations also relate to the possible type of interaction existing between the specific trauma of the parent who is an ex-child (and ex-adolescent) of the war and the collective trauma that is specific to a country at war. I question in part the nature of the defense modalities of parents (generation 2) And the particularities of inner personal traumas that occur as an echo to family’s trauma, intertwined and interlocked with cumulative and collective social trauma. Moreover, I question why the parental psyche seems frozen, as if invaded, a prisoner “in a “no man’s land”, an undefined territory internal/external- non-human, fantasy/reality”, I also wonder about the strong, hidden links that seemed to glue up the members of a family. Those links or particular ways to live the attachment seemed, at first, apparently nonexistent but paradoxically they were extremely present in the sessions. The adults seamed unable to free themselves from this chain. I wonder if the children (generation 1) born after the war, are not, in the parental psyche (generation 2) reduced to a symptom – a symptom that the parents (generation 2) could not have had the opportunity to carry during their own childhood. Therefore, the child (generation 1) would be the bearer of "parental splitting"? I finally question the setting and wonder if the parents (generation 2) may not have accredited during our first encounter the « psychoanalytic » framework with the following dumb contract or agreement: "we know/you know what we/you have lived in our/ your childhood: we leave it aside and we do not talk about it at all. " Although the pact has not been explained verbally, transmission seemed to have been established in a « non-verbal communication. It may be for this reason that, the parents (generation 2) felt sufficiently at ease to try and place, for the first time in their lives, the suffering “child in them” in what they might have felt as being the securing, healing and soothing arms of “someone” who can be there for them; “someone” who has known what they have encountered because he is not a total stranger to their childhood experiences, “someone” who has the words and the capacity to talk about these unpleasant things; someone who may be able to express the “unspeakable experiences” with simple words
Krauss, Sophie. "Le modelage chez l'enfant autiste : "de l'empreinte corporelle à l'empreinte psychique, un espace pour se construire"." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H021.
Full textI noticed that the most regressed autistic children were interested in manipulating modelling paste (prototype of "malleable object"). This activity enables them to express their corporal anguishes and let adults perceive the manifestation of their "body image" along with the elaboration steps and evolution steps of it. Indeed, plastic outputs appear to reflect some aspects of development (psychic dimensionality, psychic envelop, corporal self), from massive autism up to individuation. To investigate this hypothesis, I elaborated a "modelling grid" which establish connections between plastic outputs and the developmental steps of autistic children ("successful autistic state", "first skin recovery", "symbiotic phase", "individuation"). The grid has been evaluated with some twenty mediated therapies using modelling, over seven years. It appears to be pertinent to spot some aspects of the development of a child through his plastic outputs. The grid reveals evolutive profiles regarding modelling by autistic children and gives landmarks all through children's evolution, thus helping autism professionals to identify autistic anguishes (the expression of which is revealed by modelling). The grid can thus become a clinical tool. Furthermore, this research enables the study of psychic processes involved in modelling, which is important in order to propose various expression means to the child, their accessibility being linked to the child psychic dispositions. Apart from being a therapeutic medium, modelling paste (in conjunction with the grid) could then become a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool
CAILLON, METAIS CHRISTINE. "Rupture traumatique de la voie biliaire principale au cours des traumatismes fermes de l'abdomen chez l'enfant." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M298.
Full text