Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Travail / mouvement ouvrier'
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Civardi, Christian. "Le mouvement ouvrier écossais, 1900-1931 : travail, culture, politique /." Strasbourg : Presses universitaires de Strasbourg, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36982881x.
Full textOlszak, Norbert. "Mouvement ouvrier et système judiciaire (1830-1950)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR30004.
Full textRight from the beginning, the french workers' movement has to face repression. Consequently, it perceives negatively courts, judges, lawyers and the law. This leads it to deny the interest of the judiciary in the ideal society of the future: besides, reasons for conflicts having dissapeard, an institution having to settle the disputes is not necessary any more and, temporarily, are only being admitted treatments for offenders and amicable proceedings for the residual disagreements. This preference for arbitration -a private and fair institution- also appears within the context of the workers' custom (the organization of unions) and the labour experiences (phalansteries, etc. . . ); But the results are disappointing for, here again, this justice is often only a covering for the political power. While working at the society of the future, the workers' movement also has to defend its members. Within the years of controversy -1884-1920- the do- minating theory is that of direct action associated with proletarian violence. But some militants show that the judicial action can also be direct, and union services spread out at the same time as the social law. Yet, the col- lective dimension of the workers' movement is not recognized by the indivi- dualistic justice. Arbitration would make the introduction of workers' values possible, but it is perceived as a means prohibiting strike, which condemns it; in fact, the unions only use it to force negociations. The only way of meeting has then been the "conseils de prud'hommes", a marginal element of the judiciary. They could become important mostly because of their structuring role, with the elections. Yet, the attempts to continue the class war there, with the imperative mandate, have failed: to defend the institution, workers had to practise conciliation, the best means to solve the disputes between militants and minor employers and to avoid the injustice of the law and the interference of lawyers
Gagnon, Marc-André. "Harmoniser le travail et le capital: les chevaliers du travail et l'action politique ouvrière à Montréal (1883-1896)." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20148.
Full textSuárez, Bosa Miguel. "Economía, sociedad y relaciones laborales en Canarias : una aproximación a la situación de los trabajadores en Gran Canaria, Lanzarote y Fuerteventura /." Las Palmas de Gran Canaria : Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39958569g.
Full textCorcuff, Philippe. "Constructions du mouvement ouvrier : activités cognitives, pratiques unificatrices et conflits dans un syndicat de cheminots." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0062.
Full textThis work is based on a long range socio-ethnographic survey within a cfdt local railway workers' union. It follows a constructivist problematics line, considering social reality as a daily and historical construction by social actors. In the first part is proposed a re-evaluation of the relations between scientific and ordinary knowledge, in the trade union universe. It is different both from the tradition of epistemological break and from the ethnomethodological works and leads to the concept of an ordinary epistemology of trade unionism. In the second part, the cognitive-discursive aspect is re-integrated in some daily uses (professional elections, union meetings, collective mobilizations, conflicts between militants, etc. ) and more general sociohistorical processes (links between the categories, the professions and the class, etc. ) which contribute to the construction and the de-construction of trade-unionism and, beyond, of the working class
Asgari, Nasrollah. "La situation du mouvement ouvrier en Iran à l'époque du Chah (de 1941 à 1979)." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H064.
Full textDespite the repression of the shah's regime, the workers continued their battle to improve their working and living conditions. In order to calm the workers unrest and gain their cooperation in its industrialization program, the shah's regime took certain measures such as setting up systems of workers participation incompany profits, sales of shares to workers, revision of certain articles in the workers legislation etc. However, these partial measures did not suffice to calm the workers unrest. In actual fact the insufficience of salaries and the great difference between the exploiters and the exploited only agraviated. The living conditions of the workers degraded and they suffered greatly from the pressures of inflation. This situation was serious enough to spark off strong social stirings and new protests on the part of the working class. In spite of the imposed instalation of a regime of terror in the country and its total lack of political organization, the outcries of the workers multiplied in the last years of the shah's regime. By their successive strikes the workers played an important role in the general uprise against the dictatorship, and hence in the revolution of 1979
Gracia, Guillaume de. "Persistance des pratiques horizontales en République Argentine de 1857 à nos jours." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/146281837#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textArgentina suffers from many clichés (such as gauchos or tango), which, for some of them, unravel complex realities behind the veneer. Indeed the powerful working world of this Republica is trapped in the reactionary cliché of a total and unambiguous Peronist doctrine and yet the argentinian working world is at the origins almost entirely European. From the 1870s several million of Italians and Spanish came to South America with their heads full of their struggles, politician organisations and utopias. Most of them were anarchists but there were also socialists among them and they marked with an indelible stamp seventy years of the country's political landscape. At the end of World War II , general Peron played a popular card thanks to the full bread basket in order to stay in power. He also enabled unions to gain power, which "his" people appropriated and modeled according to their needs, taking example on the preceeding period and ignoring the doctrine which proned national conciliation. The autonomist seeds he sowed despite himself spattered with all the more power once the last illusions on the reality of a dissolved ideology were scattered, especially in december 2001 during th extraordinary popular reaction against the social and economic crisis. Gone are the ideological models to which associated with. Argentina has to reinvent the future which the clear tendencies, direct democracy, joint worker-management control or general assemblies make up a new global and local vision we would call : horizontalism
Lecerf, Eric. "La raison au risque du chômage." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081623.
Full textBonzom, Mathieu. "Mobilisations et politisation d'immigrés latinos à Chicago et aux États-Unis, à la lumière du mouvement du printemps 2006." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0004/document.
Full textContemporary latino mass immigration has come to the United States within the framework ofi mmigration policies resulting from the tensions between employers' demands, anti-immigration pressures from various groups, and the immigrants' own aspirations. Those partially contradictory demands have been harnessed in what we call the immigration regime, which policymakers strive tomaintain, sometimes through substantial modifications. The regime, between immigration demand and rejection, constitutes one of the historical conditions of immigrant mobilization and politicization.Other such conditions are a result of the history and the present state of the labor movement, longhostile towards immigration, despite drawing crucial contributions from it. Immigrants remain largely unorganized for the defense of their rights, despite the interventions of non-profits. Hardly anything in the organizational landscape allowed analysts to predict any social movement such as that which swept the country during the Spring of 2006. Our analysis, based on the existing literature as well asour own fieldwork data collected in Chicago, will present the creation of a political opportunity for such a movement, at a time when the stabilization of the immigration regime was becoming particularly problematic. The social actors behind this creation, activists who arguably founded themovement, sometimes belonged to established immigrant advocacy organizations, yet acted relatively autonomously in the Spring of 2006. Their success rested on their capacity to intervene in a way thatechoed the rising tide of protest among latino immigrants. We offer a reading of those events based on the concept of repertoires of protest, so as to better describe the specific traits of an atypical mobilization in the contemporary US context, and the importance of political culture trends among latino immigrants. The movement was also an opportunity to focus on strategic debates concerning immigrant rights (within the regime or otherwise) and the power and legitimacy of various forms of protest. Lastly, through a double case study, we offer a sketch of an analysis of the migratory and militant trajectories of leaders of the 2006 movement in Chicago
Bonzom, Mathieu, and Mathieu Bonzom. "Mobilisations et politisation d'immigrés latinos à Chicago et aux États-Unis, à la lumière du mouvement du printemps 2006." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804943.
Full textSpina, Raphaël. "La France et les Français devant le service du travail obligatoire (1942-1945)." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749560.
Full textMarty, Laurent. "Histoire du travail, travail de la mémoire et travail de l'historien." Lille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL30012.
Full textThe central object is the study of the position occupied by working class in the field of social communication. Our study was centered around the different ways of expression used by the working class, starting from the situation of communication in which it is involved ? Especially in the professionnal context, with particular attention to these two following aspects: -the working class in the textile industry at Roubaix during the first industrial revolution -the "working writers" in the north of france in the 19th and 20th centuries: what are the conditions which allow a worker to get access or not to the litterary field ? The anthropological approch of the context of communication has been prefered, using traditionnal sources and personnal interview
Rius, Pia Valeria. "Faire valoir sa légitimité : radicalité et banalité dans les mouvements des Piqueteros en Argentine des années 1990-2007." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643815.
Full textBolle, Francine. "La mise en place du syndicalisme contemporain et des relations sociales nouvelles en Belgique, 1910-1937." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209412.
Full textL’ambition de la présente thèse est de pallier l’absence d’étude d’ensemble sur le mouvement syndical belge de l’entre-deux-guerres, période essentielle dans le processus de mise en place du syndicalisme contemporain en Belgique. Cette période est en effet non seulement marquée par l’avènement d’un syndicalisme de masse, par l’intégration des syndicats dans des nouveaux systèmes de relations industrielles (reconnaissance généralisée des syndicats par le patronat et l’État comme interlocuteurs privilégiés dans la négociation du contrat de travail), par leur attribution à l’échelle nationale d’un rôle officiel dans la redistribution des secours étatiques de chômage, mais également par de profondes réformes des structures et des fonctionnements syndicaux (centralisation, concentration et rationalisation accrues).
Notre étude tente d’analyser comment et suivant quelles modalités les diverses composantes du mouvement syndical ont participé à ces transformations sociétales (y compris en ce qui concerne le nouveau rôle qu’elles y acquièrent) en même temps qu’elles se sont trouvées transformées par elles. Globalement, elle propose une évaluation des influences réciproques sur la construction du fait syndical belge :
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Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Hayes, Ingrid. "Radio Lorraine Coeur d'Acier, Longwy, 1979-1980 : les voix de la crise : émancipations et dominations en milieu ouvrier." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010637.
Full textLeroy, Monique. "L’expression artistique comme émancipation et représentation de la classe ouvrière par elle-même." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20136.
Full textThe desire to change life, to be accomplished and emancipated in the 1830s was found through artistic expression. This continues today in other forms. The proletariat of the nineteenth century decided to no longer live the unbearable. They took hours on their free time, to educate and cultivate themselves. They founded newspapers, composed songs, poems, pamphlets, read the texts of thinkers like Saint-Simonian and Fourierists. Their struggle followed the routes of the aesthetic regime. This experience of emancipation is the link, through time, with other multiple attempts that continue to transform society, with highlights in 1936, 1968, 1995. During the social movements in 1995, the strikers chose cinematic expression to recount their struggle. A flood of images followed the strikers throughout demonstrations and General meetings. These films led to creating a different vision of strikes and to building a working memory by the workers themselves. They are a counterpoint to the images and comments offered by most of the media. They are also aesthetic experiences. This very use of the camera by workers is not new. It is part of the history of militant cinema that creates a social representation of the working world. It is necessary to understand these different periods of emancipation, to build and to analyze the figures in this history of the emergence of aesthetics in the field of working history. We must also question the political and anthropological significance of these breaking points where the desire for emancipation and fulfillment is part of an aesthetic dimension When the working class is being overhauled its identity, when the disappearance of its values is evoked, it is essential to show its fight and struggles that continue to stake its history
Botiveau, Raphaël. "Negotiating union South Africa’s National Union of Mineworkers and the end of the post-apartheid consensus." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010332.
Full textBased on a case study of South Africa’s largest union – the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), this dissertation puts the current mining crisis in historical perspective. Beyond mining, it proposes keys to understand South Africa’s “negotiated” transformation from apartheid to democracy. It concludes that this country currently experiences what one can call the “end of the post-apartheid consensus”; a moment in which shared elitist conceptions of political and socioeconomic change developed during South Africa’s 1990s transition are starting to be decisively challenged. Departing from the NUM’s early years, in apartheid’s last decade, it analyses the union’s trajectory as a mineworker’s organisation after the end of while minority rule. Questioning NUM representations, in traditional struggle iconography, as a militant and revolutionary organisation, it argues that this union was also historically developed into a disciplined union, structured by and around strong core leadership. In other words, the main questions raised here here are : how are we to understand, in time, tensions between militancy on the one hand, and organisation on the other hand? How are we to accound in non-linear terms for the build up to 2012 Marikana strike and massacre, in a democratic context in which labour relations has supposedly become less adversarial and more workers friendly? What, in the NUM’s organisational ethos, can help us understand what happened, not as if Marikana was the expression of fundamental and untenable contradictions – class betrayal by another name, but as the result of sometimes unintended consequences of a nevertheless conscious and deliberate process aimed at organisation building and development? The main hypothesis that is put to work here is that NUM founders strategically built a centralised and efficient organisation, in order to survive in the mines’ repressive environment. This, in turn, generated tensions, which were to remain, between the grassroots and the top the organisation. In order to fulfil its organisational goals, the union also crucially invested in leadership development, at the expense of membership development. While claiming to be a socialist union that produced professional organisers and revolutionaries, the NUM nevertheless gave birth to professional negotiators who were more inclined towards negotiation than conflict. If the NUM achieved tremendous gains for workers through collective bargaining, the 2012 strikes and their aftermath have shown that mineworkers still aspire to militancy at the grassroots, and that they are ready to fight in order to transform the mining industry. This implies that the workers’ bread and butter demands are also rooted in more structural claims, which have gradually brought the “post-apartheid consensus”, which until 2012 prevailed as a shared narrative of how mining was to be democratised, into question
La presente tesi di dottorato si interessa del principale sindacato sudafricano il National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), fondato nel 1982. Partendo dai primi anni della sua creazione, che corrispondono all’ultimo decennio del regime dell’apartheid, ne ripercorre la traiettoria in quanto organizzazione sindacale nel postapartheid. L’industria mineraria impiega all’incirca mezzo milione di lavoratori in Sudafrica e la presente ricerca, avviata nell’autunno del 2009, si è svolta in parte durante gli importanti scioperi di minatori iniziati a gennaio 2012. Diverse miniere di platino visitate prima e, in alcuni casi, dopo le manifestazioni sono state protagoniste di questi eventi. Un esempio fra tutti è la miniera in cui si è perpetrato il “massacro di Marikana”. Il 16 agosto 2012, alcune unità della polizia antiterroriste hanno aperto il fuoco sui manifestanti e ucciso 34 minatori. Nonostante una repressione statale di tale violenza non si fosse più verificata dai tempi dell’apartheid, gli scioperi sono proseguiti e la situazione ha raggiunto il suo parossismo nel corso del primo semestre 2014