Academic literature on the topic 'Travel - Nepal'
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Journal articles on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Bhat, Shuv Raj Rana. "Orientalist Representation of Nepali People, Culture and Landscape: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Kincaid’s Among Flowers: A Walk in the Himalaya." SCHOLARS: Journal of Arts & Humanities 1 (August 1, 2019): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sjah.v1i0.34445.
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Partly drawing on postcolonial rhetorics and partly drawing insights from critical stylistics and critical discourse analysis, this paper basically explores how Antigua-born-American writer Jamaica Kincaid rhetorically constructs Nepal in a disguised form of a travel writer through her travel narrative Among Flowers: A Walk in the Himalaya. Even though Kincaid is best known as an anti-imperialist, the way she longs for the Garden of Eden and represents Nepali landscape, people, and culture posits that her travel to Nepal is threaded with the rhetoric of Othering, metropolitan culture, and imperial politics. In particular, she looks at the travelled places and people with an imperial eye: nomination, surveillance, negation, debasement, and binary rhetoric.
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Bhatta, Kumar, Prakash Gautam, and Toshinori Tanaka. "Travel Motivation during COVID-19: A Case from Nepal." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 7165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127165.
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The tourism industry is one of the most affected industries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding travel motivation is necessary for the tourism movement, even in the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this quantitative study aimed to explore travel motivation and its determinants. We collected 181 samples through a web-based questionnaire survey of the Nepali people in January and February 2021. The data were analyzed using a probit regression model through two different travel companion perspectives, i.e., traveling with friends and traveling with family members. We found that travel motivation, attributes, travel purpose, and transport mode preferences differed in companion groups. Specifically, those who want to travel with friends are government employees, 20–29 years of age, set health and wellness purposes, choose the bike for transportation, are less willing to visit homestay and agritourism, and want to travel for around one week. Those who plan to travel with family members use the coach to travel, choose rural destinations, including villages, and spend around two weeks. Based on these findings, we suggest that the Nepalese tourism destination and public transport companies make tourism packages targeting the groups. Since both groups showed interest in visiting rural destinations, we can say that tourism in rural destinations may revive earlier than urban tourism after the pandemic. However, a low-risk travel environment should be ensured for traveling to attract more tourists during and the post-disaster.
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Devkota, Niranjan, Ľubomír Kmeco, Sunil Thapa, Petr Houška, and Udaya Raj Poudel. "Tourists’ Perception of Travel Risk and Management in Destination amid Covid-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from Nepal." Journal of Tourism and Services 13, no. 25 (December 20, 2022): 90–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.388.
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Travel risk and management views of tourists have a key role in their choice of locations while the COVID-19 epidemic is still causing travel-related concerns. Despite many studies available in the western world, the effect of COVID-19 has been less explored in Nepal. Thus, this research aims to investigate travel risk and management perception in post-COVID tourism activities in Nepal. Based on pathogen stress theory and explanatory research design, this study seeks a causal relationship between Travel Risk and Management in Nepal. Following the purposive sampling technique, data collection is done using KOBO Toolbox through a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that Risk Management, Transportation Patterns, Distribution Channel, Avoidance of Overpopulated destinations, Hygiene and Safety are significant to Travel risk and management perception whereas Risk Management, Travel risk and management perception, Service Delivery, Distribution Channel, Hygiene and Safety are significant to COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal which supports pathogen-stress theory. Furthermore, travel risk and management perception partially mediate the favorable association between avoidance of overpopulated destinations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the primary problems faced by the traveler were securing a comfortable hotel and selecting a destination where COVID risk is minimum. However, the COVID-19 break has caused health concerns among visitors, causing many to cancel their holiday plans. Therefore, in the post-pandemic phase, tourists are more concerned about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their travel activities and choice.
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Koirala, Anuradha, and Bishwo Ram Khadka. "Exploitation of Women and Children in Nepal: In the Name of Travel, Tourism and Marriage." ANTYAJAA: Indian Journal of Women and Social Change 2, no. 2 (December 2017): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455632717737168.
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Trafficking in Nepal and in its associated South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region is more heavily entrenched than a decade ago. Nepal is no longer just a source country, but has become a transit and destination country as well. Sex tourism targeting minors has increased. Legal loopholes in Nepali law provide spaces for increasing paedophilia by tourists. Fake marriages have become a common method of trafficking. Trafficking is still primarily for prostitution, but there is an increase in trafficking for domestic servitude, construction work, cheap labor, slavery and organ harvesting. Policy responses are confused due to political instability and a lack of coordination among different departments.
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Silwal, Ashma, Grizelda Noraine Gonzales Garcia, and Amisha Silwal. "The Prospects of Domestic Tourism in Post-Covid Nepal: Connecting the Missing Dots." Shanti Journal 1, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/shantij.v1i1.47794.
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Nepal has experienced challenges in developing its international tourism business during Covid-19 and domestic tourism has not yet been considered a viable alternative to the allure of foreign travel in Nepal. There are no statistics on domestic tourism in Nepal. Worldwide, domestic tourism has been sought as an alternative to revive the tourism industry during a pandemic, and the Ministry of Tourism and Nepal Tourism Board is implementing strategies and plans to promote domestic tourism in Nepal.
This study aims to investigate the potential of domestic tourism in Nepal from the perspective of domestic tourists. The study is qualitative in nature and has used an online survey from May to June 2020. Data has been analyzed thematically using SPSS, MS-Excel, and descriptive statistics. This study attempts to connect the dots by focusing on domestic tourism and tourist destinations in Nepal in accordance with respondents’ opinions. The findings reveal that the tourism industry can potentially be revitalized by domestic tourism. A high percentage of respondents indicated that the Covid lockdown has floored the tourism sector however, they are highly motivated to travel domestically rather than overseas despite the travel restrictions. To summarize, the potentiality of domestic tourism to strengthen the tourism industry should be further explored, and the absence of strategies and policies, travel restrictions, lack of provision of tourism infrastructure, and safety protocol are barriers to the flourishment of domestic tourism.
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Nirmal, Chongbang. "Pandemic Impact on the Travels and Tourism Sector of Nepal." Journal of Economic Sciences, no. 1.1 (June 30, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.55603/jes.v1i1.a5.
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The travel and tours enterprise were badly affected due to pandemics. In the aftermath of high restrictions on human movement, travel-based entrepreneurs were highly impacted due to lockdown. Due to pandemic, highly impacted into earning-saving, lack of supportive working conditions, lower self-capacity, and lack of recovery budget and policies, the travel and tours-based entrepreneurs were highly impacted. The study reflected the impact of pandemics on travel and tours, major constraints, and a possible way forward to sustaining. The research explores what are the major existing practices of sustaining travel and tours entrepreneurs during pandemics, what factors can contribute to building bounce-back capacities of travel and tours entrepreneurs’ sustainability. Above forty-four, snowball-based sampling was done from major travel and tours entrepreneurs, Pokhara-Nepal. A structure-based open-ended questionnaire, key informant interviews, and in-person-based discussion were applied in the method of study. Used the content analysis along with a recap of the research question, undertake bracketing to identify biases, operationalize variables with develop a coding, and code the data with undertaking analysis while qualitative analysis, and multiple regression facilitated on quantitative analysis to finalize the discussion. The study reflects that self-saving, social support, state and financial institutions recovery support, social behavior and change communication, full vaccination practices, and self-accountable tourist behavior are highly expectable conditions to the sustainability of travel and torus entrepreneurship in the learning area. The study concludes that self-saving capacity can contribute to bounce-back capacity for every entrepreneur. Social support and socioeconomic recovery packages were also contributing to sustaining travel and tours in the study area. Self-saving condition and capacity is higher bounce back capacity compared to non-saved entrepreneurs in the study area. Social support, socioeconomic recovery practices, and recovery packages from state and financial institutions were not at the higher level as expected.
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KC, Ritika, Ija Giri, and Udhab Raj Khadka. "Climate Change and Possible Impacts on Travel and Tourism Sector." Journal of Tourism and Himalayan Adventures 3, no. 1 (August 19, 2021): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v3i1.39117.
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Nepal is a diverse country with lowlands of Terai to the highest mountains attracting many tourists and visitors to make visits. So, the tourism in Nepal is primarily nature-based as tourists are mostly attracted by the spectacular landscapes, majestic mountains, glaciers, lakes, rivers and biodiversity across its diverse ecological gradient. Mountaineering, trekking, whitewater rafting and jungle safari tours are the main forms of nature-based tourism activities in our country. Climate change is affecting Nepal in a number of ways and the travel and tourism sector cannot remain untouched. Various studies on climate change shows increased weather uncertainties and extremities resulting into long dry period and intense rain during monsoon leading to increased water induced disasters like floods, inundation, landslides, cloudburst floods, and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) which are projected to continue in future as well. This has affected natural landscapes, and Himalayas influencing every walk of life and livelihood options. Though the impacts of climate change can be observed in the whole world, poor country like Nepal is likely to suffer most due to limited resources to cope with and adapt to the effects of climate change. In this paper, an effort has been made to review the impact of climate change on the travel and tourism sector in Nepal through the study of previous literatures on climate changes.
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Baniya, Rojan, and Kirtika Paudel. "An Analysis of Push and Pull Travel Motivations of Domestic Tourists in Nepal." Journal of Management and Development Studies 27 (August 1, 2016): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmds.v27i0.24945.
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A rigorous analysis of tourist motivation should guide the success of marketing destinations, and the primary objective of this study is to use widely accepted ‘integrative models of push and pull motives’ to analyze travel motivations of Nepali domestic tourists. Drawing from the previous studies, investigating the direct effect of push and pull motives on domestic travel motivation, this study proposes that both push and pull motives are important determinants of domestic travel motivations, however pull factors are significantly more important than push factors for domestic travel motivations. 132 domestic travellers who travelled domestically in past six months participated in the study. One sample T-test, paired-samples T-test and mean ranking were conducted to test hypotheses. One sample T-test showed significant importance of both implicit and explicit motives, and paired sample T-test results showed pull motives are significantly more important for domestic travel motivation. Mean ranking of the constructs within pull motives showed easy access and affordability, variety seeking and history culture are top reasons for domestic travellers to visit a place. Escape daily life, seeking relaxation and sightseeing variety were top three reasons for domestic travel motivation as push motive constructs. The study’s findings unravel Nepal’s domestic tourist’s motivations, and provide practitioners and policymakers with a base to develop an effective strategy to improve the domestic tourism in Nepal.
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Baniya, Rojan, Suman Ghimire, and Sandip Phuyal. "Push and Pull Factors and their effects on International Tourists’ Revisit Intention to Nepal." Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality 8 (July 19, 2017): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17830.
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International tourists are of great prominence to Nepali economy, consequently their motivation to visit Nepal should guide the success of Nepal as tourist destination. The primary objective of this study is to use commonly recognized ‘integrative models of push and pull motives’ to travel motivations of international tourists to Nepal. Based on previous studies, inspecting the direct effect of push and pull motives on international tourists to Nepal, this study proposes that except for ‘enhancing social’, all the other variables (pull factors – nature, culture and heritage sites, adventure, friendly people climate; push factors – relaxation and recreation, enhance relationship, fulfilling practice, escape from daily routine) exhibited encouragingly positive correlation with re-visit intentions among international tourist to Nepal. Additionally, the overall push factors and pull factors together predicted the revisit intention of international tourists to Nepal, however push factor was insignificant. Thus, convincingly, we could say that international tourists are motivated to visit Nepal by its pull factors i.e. destination attributes. The study’s findings reveal Nepal’s international tourists’ impetuses, and provide practitioners and policymakers with a foundation to develop an effective strategy to improve the international tourist based tourism in Nepal.The GAZE Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, Vol. 8, 2017, page: 20-39
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Upadhyay, Toya Nath. "Reading Michael Palin's Himalaya from an Insider's Perspective." Humanities and Social Sciences Journal 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v13i2.49806.
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This study reads Michael Palin's travel text, Himalaya (2004) from a cultural insider's perspective and argues how the author gets trapped into the vestiges of conventional Western outlook upon the non-West. Surfacely and even intentionally, the author appears to keep himself away from such outlook, but it resurfaces frequently in the text and exemplifies how the traditional colonial tendency of stressing superiority keeps lurking in the Western travel writers' texts. The author makes a trip across seven nations in 2003 but as a resident of Nepal I focus my analysis on his travel in Nepal. For the analytic purpose, the study borrows conceptual insights from scholars in travel writing genre such as Carl Thompson, Robert Clarke and Debbie Lisle. Terms related to colonial discourse theory will be heavily used.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Galli, Lucia Maria Sara. "The accidental pilgrimage of a rich beggar : the account of tshong dpon Kha stag 'Dzam yag's travels through Tibet, Nepal, and India (1944-1956)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28e5ea72-794c-443e-b626-651a71a0974a.
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The Tibetan literary corpus offers a wide array of (auto)biographical accounts; Tibetans have been recollecting - and narrating - life stories in earnest since the "later diffusion" (Tib. phyi dar) of Buddhism in the 11th century. The hybrid essence of life writing, suspended between fact and fiction, finds a perfect expression in the text at the core of the present dissertation, i.e. the journal (Tib. nyin deb) of a 20th century Khams pa trader, Kha stag 'Dzam yag. The text records the events, travels, and impressions experienced by the author between 1944 and 1956; structured like a diary, this autodiegetic text, originally written in a scroll-paper format, was later edited and finally published in India in 1997. Two different heuristic devices, i.e. narratology and socio-economic analysis, are used in the present dissertation to analyse the structure and content of the nyin deb, as well as the author's idiosyncrasies emerging from the process of narrativisation. Whereas the narratological approach allows the identification of the interplay of memory, self, and culture in the socio-historical context of mid-20th century Tibet, the socio-economic analysis reflects on the nyin deb as a form of social history rather than personal narrative. The identification of "true", historical facts confirms the author's claims to factuality, thus providing unique information and insight regarding the political and economic role of Khams pa traders in 1940s-1950s Tibet, as well as the development of new pilgrimage rituals and the emergence of forms of "spiritual tourism" in modern India.
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Moundounga, Mouity Patrice. "Le Gabon et le nouveau partenariat pour le développement de l'Afrique (NEPAD)." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350423.
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Le phénomène de mondialisation constitue après celui de la guerre froide, l'un des événements majeurs des transformations économiques et politiques contemporaines. Ces mutations ont conduit à la reconfiguration de l'espace monde et des relations internationales. Dans cette perspective, le régionalisme est apparu comme l'une des réponses à la faveur de ces changements économiques au niveau global et de l'exemple historique sans commune mesure du NEPAD. C'est dire que la coopération entre Etats est dominée dorénavant par la dynamique de partenariat. Le partenariat au développement est aujourd'hui devenu un des thèmes politiquement parlant des relations internationales à l'ère du nouveau régionalisme. Il s'agit d'un événement international qui, sur le plan théorique renouvelle et enrichit l'analyse internationale en combinant flux transnationaux et formation des institutions et, sur le plan pratique, diffuse tout une vision du monde en redéfinissant le jeu de la puissance mondiale. Face à l'institutionnalisation du NEPAD, le continent africain tente de se créer de nouvelles marges de manœuvre pour s'arrimer à la mondialisation afin d'essayer de modifier sa position marginale internationale afin d'éviter son « confinement à la périphérie de la politique mondiale ». En cela, le NEPAD est à la fois une réponse politique au fait international de régionalisation et une alternative à la souffrance des institutions, mieux un moyen de réagir face à l'impossibilité de la démocratie qui fonctionne mal sur ce continent. Ce qui justifie ce glissement de légitimité du pouvoir au comptable, issu dans le « mécanisme africain d'évaluation par les pairs ». L'entrée du Gabon dans cette dynamique transnationale est due avant tout à l'inspection externe des bailleurs de fonds. Il s'agit donc pour ce pays de transformer une contrainte d'inspection externe en ressource politico-stratégique interne afin de se conformer à la loyauté du système international et régional. En s'attachant à appréhender les figures du pouvoir dans leur banalité, on peut se rendre compte que la diplomatie gabonaise essaie de s'adapter au « temps mondial », passant ainsi pour un modèle d'application des injonctions internationales. Ce faisant, ce pays fait preuve d'inventivité avec des jeux tantôt d'esquive, de ruse, mais également de contournement. Dans ces conditions, ici l'énonciation du politique se nourrit, en effet, de cet imaginaire particulier fondé sur la dérision et dont le résultat est d'aboutir à des régimes hybrides et inédits où les dynamiques formelles et informelles s'agencent pour donner sens à des systèmes d'intérêt. C'est ce qui explique la promotion d'une certaine homologie sociale et institutionnelle entre les pays africains et le monde développé. Le facteur externe influence, sans conteste l'environnement interne.
Cette thèse qui s'inscrit dans le thème plus global de la formation des institutions autour d'une dynamique collective de changement politique, est au centre des problématiques contemporaines de la science politique africaniste. Portant spécifiquement sur les nouveaux enjeux du développement de l'Afrique, elle prend appui sur le Gabon, en dressant à partir des temporalités successives un bilan de la trajectoire historique du Gabon et du NEPAD et examine l'évolution des forces politiques en Afrique, leurs interactions avec le niveau local, les stratégies véhiculées par les acteurs influents ainsi que leur emprise sur le jeu politique, tout en rendant compte, -à partir d'une méthodologie reposant sur les lectures d'ouvrages et les entretiens-, des représentations que les populations africaines se font de ce programme.
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Hochreiter, Rene Carlo. "A traveller's guide to the geology of Everest (a traverse from Lukla to Everest)." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21688.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2016.In this, Part 1 of a two-part MSc, the geology of the area between Lukla and Mount Everest is described. An outcome of the MSc is the production of a field guide to this area, presented as Part 2 of this thesis. The collision between India and Asia resulted in the Himalayan orogen, 3000 km in lateral extent, an elevated Tibetan Plateau and a crust of at least 60 km in thickness. The resulting crustal flow from under this region is in the direction of least resistance, eastwards towards the Pacific subduction zones, but there is also southwards flow towards the Indian subcontinent resulting in vertical complexity. This southwards extrusion of mid-crustal rocks through a mechanism termed channel flow explains the presence of Miocene leucogranite between Ordovician limestones comprising the summit of Everest, and granite gneiss underlying the exhumed granite. Rapid rates of denudation assisted the extrusion of crustal slabs between the South Tibetan Detachment (STD) and the Main Central Thrust (MCT). Low-grade metamorphic rocks of the Everest Series are juxtaposed across the STD with the underlying high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS). The GHS rocks in turn, are juxtaposed across the MCT with the underlying low-grade Siwaliks. Everest Series schists record temperatures of between 600 °C and 650 °C, and pressure estimates for these rocks ranging from 2.9 ± 0.6 kbar to 6.2 ± 0.7 kbar, corresponding to burial depths of between 10 km and 20 km. The GHS experienced eclogite facies metamorphism with pressures of > 14 kbar (>45 km depth) before being exhumed to granulite facies conditions of 4-6 kbar and 700-800 °C. High-temperature metamorphism of the GHS has resulted in partial melting and melt segregation and ascent to form the High Himalayan Leucogranites, a number of granitic bodies that have accumulated near the top of the GHS. Intense erosion through the action of glaciers, rivers, landslides and earthquakes (as the 25th April 2015 magnitude 7.8, and 12th May 2015, of magnitude 7.3 earthquakes attest), balance uplift of the Himalaya.
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Books on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Heintz, Daniel. Impressiounen aus dem Nepal =: Impressionen aus Nepal = Impressions du Népal. Esch/Sauer: Op der Lay, 1995.
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Rajesh, Regmi, ed. Experience Nepal: A travel guide. Kathmandu: R.G. Publications, 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Shlim, D. R., R. Houston, and M. Motamedi. "Helicopter Rescues and Deaths Among Trekkers in Nepal." In Travel Medicine, 457–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_100.
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Taylor, D. N., R. Houston, D. R. Shlim, P. Echeverria, M. Bhaibulaya, and B. L. P. Ungar. "Etiology of Diarrheal Disease Among Travelers and Foreign Residents in Nepal." In Travel Medicine, 309–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_61.
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Sarkar, Swatahsiddha. "Do Ideas Really Travel? Connecting Social Anthropology between India and Nepal." In Contours of South Asian Social Anthropology, 102–14. London: Routledge India, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003172338-6.
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Holloway, Richard. "Nepal, 2010–13." In Adventures in the Aid Trade, 166–79. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003002963-17.
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Bajracharya, Bhuban B. "Health Services in Nepal." In Trade in Health Services in South Asia, 89–104. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2191-1_6.
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Rana, Khilendra N. "Making Trade and Environmental Policy Making Mutually Compatible in Nepal." In Trade, Environment & Sustainable Development, 143–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25417-0_13.
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Sharma, Kishor, and Badri Prasad Bhattarai. "Foreign Aid and Export Performance in a Landlocked Country: Development Lessons from Nepal." In Trade Logistics in Landlocked and Resource Cursed Asian Countries, 175–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6814-1_8.
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Bhandari, Prem B., and Medani P. Bhandari. "Child Labor Use in Forest Resources Collection and Its Implications on Fertility Preferences in Nepal 1." In Economic Inequality—Trends, Traps and Trade-offs, 207–43. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003338000-11.
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Bhandari, Kalyan. "Earthquake and diasporic travel to homeland." In Tourism and Nationalism in Nepal, 74–93. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315645230-5.
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Shlim, David R. "History of Cyclospora at the CIWEC Clinic, Nepal." In Travel Medicine, 161–70. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-045359-0.50024-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Karn, Arodh Lal, and Rakshha Kumari Karna. "Social media and tourism promotion: the case of travelmarketers facebook fan pages after Nepal earthquake." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.089.
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Purpose – the purpose of this research is to systematically understand the behavioral and emotional aspects of potential tourists and investigated the conceptual model in the context of the travel marketers’ (TMs) facebook fan pages. Research methodology – the present study performed the two-step SEM approach suggested. the first step involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which was used to validate scales for the measurement of specific constructs proposed in a research model and SEM followed. Findings – the supportive part of the conceptual framework studied how the cognitive (information source, social interaction ties, design characteristics) and effective (entertainment) factors influenced attitudes. Research limitations – the key limitation of this topic may belong to the propensity of the sample to embody the population. This also has a certain influence on SEM exploration. Practical implications – this study provides important guidelines for fan pages’ designers and marketers in the tourism sector especially during the time of destination image crisis. Originality/Value – this research was the earliest to relate the prototype willingness model on travel and tourism Facebook fan pages. In a sense, this research offers a basis for acclimating the prototype willingness model to the touristry social media setting.
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Islam, M. Aminul, Anika L. Islam, Shaika L. Islam, and Shamsun N. Ahmed. "Why some Countries are more Resilient in South Asia to Confront COVID-19 Pandemic and Recovery?" In International Conference on COVID-19 and Public Health Systems. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/covidcon.2021.1002.
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This study explores the regional pattern of association between health risk exposure and resilience outcome in South Asian countries with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. This exercise unveils the elements of resilience that contribute to getting prepared in confronting COVID-19 risk in South Asia, using secondary information and knowledge from the Governments, WHO, UNDP Human Development Index (HDI), European Commission’s COVID-19 Risk Index and the World Bank’s Air Connectivity Index. Methodology and Scope of the paper differ from previous contributions from a holistic policy point of view, since human development, geo-demographic vulnerability, government effectiveness and socio-economic outcome variables are considered in context to the public health condition and epidemic risk at the national level. Based on statistical evidence, South Asian countries fall into three categories (i) high resilient with low pandemic impact (Maldives, Bhutan and Sri Lanka), (ii) Medium resilient having a high impact (India and Bangladesh) and (iii) Low resilient but high impact (Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nepal). Beyond resilience, this study also flags geo-demographic issues such as population density, geographical isolation either being an island or landlocked mountainous countries and air travel connectivity as influencing or barrier factors in the spreading of epidemic disease. This paper serves the purpose of designing risk-informed effective policy responses to constrain negative effects of future pandemics and similar infectious diseases and sensitize countries to get prepared for “build back better” as well.
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Lombard, Antoinette, Hein Johan Wiese, and Jan Smit. "Economic Upliftment and Social Development through the Development of Digital Astuteness in Rural Areas." In InSITE 2016: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Lithuania. Informing Science Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3491.
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[The final form of this paper was published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology.] One of the key attempts towards a collective African vision is the New Economic Partnership for African Development (NEPAD). Barnard and Vonk (2003) report that “53 countries have been urged to implement ICTs in three crucial development arenas: education, health and trade”. While NEPAD and other initiatives have contributed to the provision of ICT infrastructure with positive results as seen in the growth of Internet uses, the disparities in development across Africa are enormous. The challenge to HEIs in Africa, has been summarised by Colle (2005): “central to creating digital resources and academic infrastructure is the question of universities' relevance to the world around them, and especially to the challenge of being an active player – ‘an anchor of a broad-based poverty alleviation strategy’ in an increasingly knowledge-based economy”. It can be inferred from Colle that the activities of HEIs in Africa ought to be geared towards contributing to the realisation of the Millennium development goals. In 2003, the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) adopted a declaration of principles aimed at enabling everyone to create access, utilise and share information and knowledge. In this declaration, member states affirmed their commitment to aggressive investment in ICT for social and economic development (Ngwenyama et al 2006).
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Karn, Arodh Lal, and Rakshha Kumari Karna. "Supply line engineering on importation and exportation: bimstec perspective." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.016.
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Purpose – the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supply line engineering strategies of goods and service exports, exports transport services and export time have a significant impact on GDP growth of BIMSTEC countries or not. Research methodology – the study employed a panel vector error correction model (VECM) instead of loose VAR to examine the short and long-run relationship among the selected indicators and GDP growth. Findings – in the long-run, the time of export negatively and suggestively associate with GDP. Conversely, VECM based Granger causality test signposted that in short-run only unidirectional causality running from goods and service exports (GSE), trade duration like exports time (ET) toward GDP and for the rest of the variables no causality found. Research limitations – this study is contextualized only on Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Practical implications – to investigate the current position of the link between supply line logistics strategies and economic growth by using annual data for the period of 1980 to 2014 and possible weaknesses and logistics presence. Originality/Value – this paper is an attempt, first of its kind, to fill up this shortfall, to estimate the relationship of exports transport services, exports time, and goods and services exports with GDP growth of BIMSTEC countries.
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Groeli, Robert. "Building 8500+ Trail Bridges in the Himalayas." In Footbridge 2022 (Madrid): Creating Experience. Madrid, Spain: Asociación Española de Ingeniería Estructural, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24904/footbridge2022.125.
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<p>Mobility is one of the most challenging fundamentals of rural livelihood in the Himalayan hills and mountains. More than 8500 trail bridges, comprising an overall span-length of about 650 kilometers have been constructed to date, saving millions of walking hours for people living in the rural Himalayan areas. Previously, crossing rivers was dangerous and sometimes impossible, especially in the rainy season. These bridges created vital connections which enabled children to go to school and people to access public services and visit medical centers and sanctuaries. They also boost local economic output by reducing the effort required to run local farms, gather crops and visit regional markets.</p><p>Fig. 1:The struggles and dangers of crossing a river and its solution</p><p>Swiss technical assistance for rural trail bridges started in the early sixties with the construction of a few suspension bridges in the hill areas of Nepal. In 1964 the Nepalese Government established the Suspension Bridge Division (SBD), and starting in 1972 the Swiss Government began providing continuous technical and financial assistance. Similarly, the Public Works Department in Bhutan initiated a country wide trail bridge construction program in 1971 for which assistance was provided from 1985-2010. Exchanges of experiences between these programs created a collaborative environment where new ideas could be evaluated and tested in the field. After SBD initially developed the basic technical norms, design parameters and standard designs suitable for long-span bridges, demand for simpler shorter span bridges rose tremendously. This prompted the program to develop “community executable bridge designs” adapted to the local skills and materials while conforming to established engineering standards. As a result, cost-effective, easy to implement technologies and community-based approaches were developed, which have been replicated in numerous countries leading to multiple successful partnerships in international development cooperation.</p><p>The purpose of this paper is to highlight the following outcomes of the trail bridge-program:</p><ul><li><p>Standardized cost-effective trail bridge designs based on local capabilities and bridge-building techniques</p></li><li><p>Published of manuals, technical drawings and teaching resources for design, construction and fabrication</p></li><li><p>Engaged local communities in the construction, operation and maintenance of trail bridges</p></li><li><p>Compiled comprehensive trail bridge directory for planning, monitoring and maintenance</p></li><li><p>Established Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) with institutional frameworks at national and local level</p></li><li><p>‘South-South Cooperation’ with Bhutan, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Laos, Burundi, Honduras, Guatemala</p></li></ul>
Reports on the topic "Travel - Nepal"
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Abdellatif, Omar S., and Ali Behbehani. Nepal COVID-19 Governmental Response. UN Compliance Research Group, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/npl0501.
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The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Ajmani, Manmeet, Vishruta Choudhary, Avinash Kishore, and Devesh Roy. Food trade in Bangladesh, India and Nepal. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133587.
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Hayashi, Tadateru, Sanchita Basu Das, Manbar Singh Khadka, Ikumo Isono, Souknilanh Keola, Kenmei Tsubota, and Kazunobu Hayakawa. Economic Impact Analysis of Improved Connectivity in Nepal. Asian Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200312-2.
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This study estimates and analyzes the economic impact of ongoing and future infrastructure development projects in Nepal by using the geographical simulation model developed by the Institute of Developing Economies (IDE-GSM). The IDE-GSM is a computational general equilibrium model based on spatial economics. The simulation analysis reveals that ongoing infrastructure development projects in Nepal benefit the country’s economy, and that the planned connectivity improvement with India will have positive impact with anticipated major shift in mode of transport for trade. The study takes into consideration efforts by the Government of Nepal to promote and strengthen international connectivity under the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation framework.
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McBennett, Brendan, Amy Rose, David J. Hurlbut, Joseph D. Palchak, and Jaquelin M. Cochran. Cross-Border Energy Trade between Nepal and India: Assessment of Trading Opportunities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505936.
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Hurlbut, David J. Cross-Border Energy Trade between Nepal and India: Trends in Supply and Demand. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1506625.
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Butler, Walter R., Uzi Moallem, Amichai Arieli, Robert O. Gilbert, and David Sklan. Peripartum dietary supplementation to enhance fertility in high yielding dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587723.bard.
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Objectives of the project: To evaluate the effects of a glucogenic supplement during the peripartum transition period on insulin, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, and progesterone profile in dairy cows. To compare benefits of supplemental fats differing in fatty acid composition and fed prepartum on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, progesterone profile, and uterine prostaglandin production in lactating dairy cows. To assess the differential and carry-over effects of glucogenic and fat supplements fed to peripartum dairy cows on steroidogenesis and fatty acids in ovarian follicles. To determine the carry-over effects of peripartum glucogenic or fat supplements on fertility in high producing dairy cows (modified in year 3 to Israel only). Added during year 3 of project: To assess the activity of genes related to hepatic lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis following dietary supplementation (USA only). Background: High milk yields in dairy cattle are generally associated with poor reproductive performance. Low fertility results from negative energy balance (NEBAL) of early lactation that delays resumption of ovarian cycles and exerts other carryover effects. During NEBAL, ovulation of ovarian follicles is compromised by low availability of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but fatty acid mobilization from body stores is augmented. Liver function during NEBAL is linked to the resumption of ovulation and fertility: 1) Accumulation of fatty acids by the liver and ketone production are associated with delayed first ovulation; 2) The liver is the main source of IGF-I. NEBAL will continue as a consequence of high milk yield, but dietary supplements are currently available to circumvent the effects on liver function. For this project, supplementation was begun prepartum prior to NEBAL in an effort to reduce detrimental effects on liver and ovarian function. Fats either high or low in unsaturated fatty acids were compared for their ability to reduce liver triglyceride accumulation. Secondarily, feeding specific fats during a period of high lipid turnover caused by NEBAL provides a novel approach for manipulating phospholipid pools in tissues including ovary and uterus. Increased insulin from propylene glycol (glucogenic) was anticipated to reduce lipolysis and increase IGF-I. The same supplements were utilized in both the USA and Israel, to compare effects across different diets and environments. Conclusions: High milk production and very good postpartum health was achieved by dietary supplementation. Peripartum PGLY supplementation had no significant effects on reproductive variables. Prepartum fat supplementation either did not improve metabolic profile and ovarian and uterine responses in early lactation (USA) or decreased intake when added to dry cow diets (Israel). Steroid production in ovarian follicles was greater in lactating dairy cows receiving supplemental fat (unsaturated), although in a field trail fertility to insemination was not improved.
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Huntington, Dale. Anti-trafficking programs in South Asia: Appropriate activities, indicators and evaluation methodologies. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2002.1019.
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Throughout South Asia, men, women, boys, and girls are trafficked within their own countries and across international borders against their wills in what is essentially a clandestine slave trade. The Congressional Research Service and the U.S. State Department estimate that between 1 to 2 million people are trafficked each year worldwide with the majority originating in Asia. Root causes include extreme disparities of wealth, increased awareness of job opportunities far from home, pervasive inequality due to caste, class, and gender bias, lack of transparency in regulations governing labor migration, poor enforcement of internationally agreed-upon human rights standards, and the enormous profitability for traffickers. The Population Council, UNIFEM, and PATH led a participatory approach to explore activities that address the problem of human trafficking in South Asia. A meeting was held in Kathmandu, Nepal, September 11– 13, 2001 to discuss these issues. Approximately 50 representatives from South Asian institutions, United Nations agencies, and international and local NGOs attended. This report summarizes the principal points from each paper presented and captures important discussion points that emerged from each panel presentation.
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Trade and Transport Facilitation Monitoring Mechanism in Nepal:. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tcs179178-2.
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