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Journal articles on the topic 'Travel planner'
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Malasek, Jacek. "Smart Travel Planner for Urban Sustainability." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 15, no. 5 (April 1, 2015): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cait-2015-0021.
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Abstract The Smart Travel Planner concept for an optimal travel choice, supported by a Personalized Internet Portal, has to promote the sustainable urban mobility. STP is an important tool for Sustainable Urban Transport Decalogue’s implementation that is intended to result in lower emissions, better health and lower investment costs in the road infrastructure. The questionnaires included are for checking its public acceptance in the city and at end users’ level.
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Sierpiński, Grzegorz, Marcin Staniek, and Ireneusz Celiński. "Travel Behavior Profiling Using a Trip Planner." Transportation Research Procedia 14 (2016): 1743–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.140.
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Darmawan, Viery, Rengga Asmara, and Ira Prasetyaningrum. "IMPLEMENTASI CONTEXT AWARE PADA SISTEM TRAVEL PLANNER BERBASIS MOBILE." METHOMIKA Jurnal Manajemen Informatika dan Komputerisasi Akuntansi 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46880/jmika.vol5no1.pp23-27.
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In the era of technological advances, tourists will first seek information about the tourist object to be addressed, even tourists often don't have a destination, so they have to search one by one via the internet. In determining travel plans, it is often to see one by one the review of tourist attractions and conclude the results will take a long time, while tourists need actual and fast information to determine the travel plans. In this study, the authors take a new approach, namely by creating a mobile-based travel planner system that compiles travel plans automatically by considering contextual information related to tourist location points, whether of tourist locations during travel days, travel opening and closing hours, so that it will increase travel efficiency without having to do the research manually which takes a long time. The system can also provide travel recommendations based on visitor comments sentiment on Google Places and is equipped with a trip route that will be generated automatically. This research is useful for helping tourists plan their trip actually because of the consideration of contextual information so that it will make it easier and save tourists time.
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SGhogare, Pallavi, and Harmeet K. Khanuja. "Customized Travel Planner using MapReduce and Approximation Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Applications 119, no. 23 (June 20, 2015): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/21378-4294.
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Mäenpää, Heikki, Andrei Lobov, and Jose L. Martinez Lastra. "Travel mode estimation for multi-modal journey planner." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 82 (September 2017): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.06.021.
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Lokuliyanage, L. C. S., and D. Dhammearatchi. "Gamanak – The Travel Planner with Social Media Mobile Application." CINEC Academic Journal 4 (December 1, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/caj.v4i0.32.
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Darmawan, Vertic Eridani Budi, and Yuh Wen Chen. "Implementation of connection scan algorithm in tourism intermodal transportation journey planner: a case study." Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri 4, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jsmi.v4i2.2772.
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Accessibility to tourist destinations is an important component in a tourism system, especially for natural tourist destinations located in suburban areas. Good linkage of travel information and physical connections with local transportation services for intercity travel can facilitate more people to travel and promote national tourism destinations. This research takes the popular national tourism destinations and their public transportation service in Taiwan as a research object due to the unavailability of integrated public transport information service. Free Independent Travelers (FIT) demand is growing. This research aims to integrate intermodal public transportation information to support FIT by proposing a seamless way journey planner. In this scenario, the journey planner requires timetable data as input. The Connection Scan Algorithm is used to find the earliest arrival time routes at their destinations. This journey planner is built in PHP language and can complement the official tourism travel information website by Tourism Bureau, MOTC. Hence, the FIT could get the quickest routes to reach the destinations without compiling the public transportation information provided independently.
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Sumardi, Merlinda, Jufery, Frenky, Rini Wongso, and Ferdinand Ariandy Luwinda. "“TripBuddy” Travel Planner with Recommendation based on User‘s Browsing Behaviour." Procedia Computer Science 116 (2017): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.084.
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ABDEL-ATY, MOHAMED A. "A Simplified Approach for Developing a Multi-modal Travel Planner." ITS Journal - Intelligent Transportation Systems Journal 5, no. 3 (January 1999): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10248079908903766.
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COMI, Antonio, Berta BUTTARAZZI, Massimiliano SCHIRALDI, Rosy INNARELLA, Martina VARISCO, and Paolo TRAINI. "An advanced planner for urban freight delivering." Archives of Transport 4, no. 48 (December 31, 2018): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8363.
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The paper aims at introducing an advanced delivery tour planner to support operators in urban delivery operations through a combined approach which chooses delivery bays and delivery time windows while optimizing the delivery routes. After a literature review on tools for the management and the control of the delivery system implemented for optimizing the usage of on-street delivery bays, a prototypical tour delivery planner is described. The tool allows transport and logistics operators to book the delivery bays and to have real-time suggestions on the delivery tour to follow, through the minimization of the total delivery time. Currently, at development phase, the tool has been tested in a target zone, considering the road network and time/city delivering constraints and real-time data about vehicles location, traffic and delivery bay availability. The tool identifies the possible tours based on the delivery preferences, ranks the possible solutions according to the total route time based on information on the road network (i.e. travel time forecasts), performs a further optimization to reduce the total travel times and presents the user the best alternative along with the indications of which delivery bay to use in each delivery stop. The developed prototype is composed by two main parts: a web application that manages communication between the database and the road network simulation, and, an Android mobile App that supports transport and logistic operators in managing their delivering, pre trip and en route, showing and updating routing based on real-time information.
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Vaughn, K. M., M. A. Abdel-Aty, and R. Kitamura. "A framework for developing a daily activity and multimodal travel planner." International Transactions in Operational Research 6, no. 1 (January 1999): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3995.1999.tb00146.x.
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Schmitt, Lorelei, Sally Harris, and Graham Currie. "Adapting an Online Transit Journey Planner into a Low-Cost Travel Survey Tool." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2405, no. 1 (January 2014): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2405-02.
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Zhang, Xiaochen, Hui Zhang, Linyue Zhang, Yi Zhu, and Fei Hu. "Double-Diamond Model-Based Orientation Guidance in Wearable Human–Machine Navigation Systems for Blind and Visually Impaired People." Sensors 19, no. 21 (October 28, 2019): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214670.
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This paper presents the analysis and design of a new, wearable orientation guidance device in modern travel aid systems for blind and visually impaired people. The four-stage double-diamond design model was applied in the design process to achieve human-centric innovation and to ensure technical feasibility and economic viability. Consequently, a sliding tactile feedback wristband was designed and prototyped. Furthermore, a Bezier curve-based adaptive path planner is proposed to guarantee collision-free planned motion. Proof-of-concept experiments on both virtual and real-world scenarios are conducted. The evaluation results confirmed the efficiency and feasibility of the design and imply the design’s remarkable potential in spatial perception rehabilitation.
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Saw, Krishna, Aathira K. Das, Bhimaji K. Katti, and Gaurang J. Joshi. "Travel Time Estimation Modelling under Heterogeneous Traffic: A Case Study of Urban Traffic Corridor in Surat, India." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 47, no. 4 (May 15, 2018): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.10847.
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Achievement of fast and reliable travel time on urban road network is one of the major objectives for a transport planner against the enormous growth in vehicle population and urban traffic in most of the metropolitan cities in India. Urban arterials or main city corridors are subjected to heavy traffic flow resulting in degradation of traffic quality in terms of vehicular delays and increase in travel time. Since the Indian roadway traffic is characterized by heterogeneity with dominance of 2Ws (Two wheelers) and 3Ws (Auto rickshaw), travel times are varying significantly. With this in background, the present paper focuses on identification of travel time attributes such as heterogeneous traffic, road side friction and corridor intersections for recurrent traffic condition and to develop an appropriate Corridor Travel Time Estimation Model using Multi-Linear Regression (MLR) approach. The model is further subjected to sensitivity analysis with reference to identified attributes to realize the impact of the identified attributes on travel time so as to suggest certain measures for improvement.
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Schmitt, Lorelei, Graham Currie, and Alexa Delbosc. "Lost in transit? Unfamiliar public transport travel explored using a journey planner web survey." Transportation 42, no. 1 (May 10, 2014): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11116-014-9529-2.
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Ďurica, Lukáš, Michal Gregor, Vladimír Vavrík, Martin Marschall, Patrik Grznár, and Štefan Mozol. "A Route Planner Using a Delegate Multi-Agent System for a Modular Manufacturing Line: Proof of Concept." Applied Sciences 9, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 4515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9214515.
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Route planning in a multi-agent system (MAS) is still a complex task, especially if there is need for a continuous, decentralized planner of the routes for physical agents in a dynamic environment. It is a planner of this kind that is required in the application the article considers: the transportation of parts at a modular manufacturing line. Such a planner has to meet several difficult requirements, regarding the physical, time-constrained dynamic environment, live-locks and deadlocks, delayed agents, and last needs to minimize the travel time and the total distance traveled. The article proposes an approach using a delegate multi-agent system (D-MAS) in order to meet these requirements. The approach was verified using virtual reality so as to provide a better understanding of the planner’s issues. Several coordination rules were proposed and implemented. As a further verification, the proof-of-concept solution was compared to a non-reservation planner. It was shown, that as the number of agents increases, the approach, including the reservations, outperformed its competitor. Various recommendations for the implementation of the planner were formulated. It was concluded that the performance of the planner is sufficient for its future use. The main objective of article was proof-of-concept and determining the functionality of a prototype based on MAS that was in compliance with a modular manufacturing line developed by us.
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Barker, Christopher H., and David Wesley. "THE TRAJECTORY RECOVERY ANALYSIS PLANNER (TRAP): A TOOL FOR MODELING THE POTENTIAL SUCCESS OF RESPONSE PLANS1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-253.
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ABSTRACT A new approach to modeling potential success of skimmers and booming strategies has been developed to aid planners in assessing the use of limited resources in their response plans. The Trajectory Recovery Analysis Planner (TRAP) extends the approach of NOAA's Trajectory Analysis Planner (TAP) to provide a way for oil spill response planners to assess the likely effectiveness of their response plans across a wide variety of possible spill scenarios. As a real spill could happen in a wide variety of conditions, multiple response scenarios need to be simulated on a wide variety of oil spill trajectories. Each trajectory represents a different historical spill start time with random initial tide phase and corresponding weather conditions at that time, based on past records for the location. For each trajectory, an approximation of the weathering of the oil is calculated, and booming and skimming operations are simulated. The response simulations take into account many of the limitations of actual response operations, including daylight hours, equipment shortages, wave height failure, skimmer travel times, skimmer encounter rates, and skimmer efficiencies. The result is a wide variety of data about the simulated response. TRAP provides statistics summarizing those results. These results can give planners a realistic expectation of the likely success of their planned operations under both helpful and adverse conditions. The results also provide a summary of the shortcomings in the plan, allowing planners to determine where the weaknesses in their plans lie, including the reason for booming strategy failure, and less that expected skimmer recovery. The plan can then be altered and processed again, resulting in information about how those alterations might improve or degrade a response. The types of questions that can be addressed are: Is it better to have more small skimmers, or fewer large ones? Which booming strategies are most effective? Does boom need to be pre-positioned to speed the installation of a given strategy? TRAP thus gives planners a tool with which to quickly and easily explore a wide variety of possible response plans, and help determine where precious resources are best assigned.
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Mościcka, Albina, Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Anna Wilbik, and Jakub Wabiński. "Transport Accessibility of Warsaw: A Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (October 8, 2019): 5536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195536.
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In this study, we detected which means of transportation is beneficial from a travel time perspective in specific districts of Warsaw, Poland. To achieve this goal, we proposed a framework to perform a spatial analysis to describe the as-is situation in the city (the state that the situation is in at the present time). The framework contains the following elements: attractiveness analysis, travel time and speed analysis, and potential accessibility analysis. The relationship between the averaged nominal travel speed and the number of residents was also investigated. We used data from a journey planner, as well as land use and population statistics, and employed descriptive analytics. The results are presented as maps of travel times, travel speed, and potential accessibility, as well as scatter plots of dependencies between travel speed and number of residents. Unfortunately, public transportation ranks behind car and bike transport in terms of travel time, speed, and potential accessibility. The largest positive influence on effectiveness of traveling by public transportation is the metro and railway system; also, bikes can perfectly complement the public transportation system. The obtained results can be used to indicate directions of changes in the transportation system of Warsaw.
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Sierpiński, Grzegorz, and Marcin Staniek. "Heuristic approach in a multimodal travel planner to support local authorities in urban traffic management." Transportation Research Procedia 27 (2017): 640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.12.027.
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Wei-Chuan, Wang. "Evaluating the Optimal Travel Service Planner by Using the Network Model for the Tourism Industry." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 21, sup1 (February 23, 2015): S30—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2014.999100.
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Mahmoud, Mohamed S., Khandker M. Nurul Habib, and Amer Shalaby. "Survey of Cross-Regional Intermodal Passenger Travel." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2526, no. 1 (January 2015): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2526-12.
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This paper presents an investigation of the mode choice behavior of cross-regional commuters in the greater Toronto and Hamilton area of Ontario, Canada. A survey of cross-regional intermodal passenger travel (called SCRIPT) was developed and conducted during the spring and the fall of 2014. SCRIPT collects data on respondents' revealed preference in daily commuting trips to pivot each respondent's mode choice stated preference experiment separately. An innovative multimodal trip planner tool was developed to generate feasible travel options for each stated preference experiment with information on household auto ownership level, proximity to transit, work start time, and total travel time from home to work, as well as predeveloped discrete choice models to identify access station locations of intermodal travel modes. The stated preference experiments were based on the D-efficient design technique. The survey used 1,203 randomly selected cross-regional commuters. The paper reports on a mode choice model estimated by the revealed preference data portion of the survey to verify the validity of the survey design, sampling procedure, and data quality. An empirical model provides insight into cross-regional commuters' mode choice behavior.
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Sierpiński, Grzegorz, Marcin Staniek, and Marcin Jacek Kłos. "Decision Making Support for Local Authorities Choosing the Method for Siting of In-City EV Charging Stations." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 4682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184682.
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Development of electromobility in urban areas requires an appropriate level of vehicle charging infrastructure. Numerous methods for siting of charging stations have been developed to date, and they appear to be delivering diverse outcomes for the same area, which is why local authorities face the problem of choosing the right station layout. The solution proposed in this article is to use a travel planner to evaluate the distribution of charging stations over the area of a metropolis. The decision making support is achieved by determining optimal travel routes for electric vehicles according to their initial state of charge for the three selected station siting methods. The evaluation focused on the following three aspects: (1) number of travels that cannot be made (due to the lack of a charging station at a certain distance around the start point), (2) extension of the travel caused by the need to recharge the vehicle on-route, and (3) additional energy consumption by electric vehicles required to reach the charging station (necessity of departing from the optimal route). An analysis of the results has made it possible to determine a solution which is superior to others. For the case study analysed in the paper, i.e., the territory of the Metropolis of Upper Silesia and Dabrową Basin (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia, GZM), the distribution of charging stations established in line with method I has returned the best results. What the method in question also makes possible is to indicate a safe minimum energy reserve to complete the travel by eliminating situations of unexpected vehicle immobilisation due to on-route energy depletion and by minimising the phenomenon referred to as range anxiety.
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Cheng, Kai, Gang Chen, Rui Zhang, Liu Wu, Zhiteng Wang, and Ruizhi Kang. "A Method for Unifying the Representations of Domain Knowledge and Planning Algorithm in Hierarchical Task Network." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 31, no. 08 (May 9, 2017): 1759014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001417590145.
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Domain knowledge of hierarchical task network (HTN) usually involves logical expressions with predicates. One needs to master two different languages which are used to describe domain knowledge and implement planner. This has presented enormous challenges for most programmers who are not familiar with logical expressions. To solve the problem a method of state variable representation from the programmer’s point of view is introduced. This method has powerful expressivity and can unify the representations of domain knowledge and planning algorithm. In Pyhop a HTN planner written in Python, methods and operators are all as ordinary Python functions rather than using a special-purpose language. Pyhop uses a Python object that contains variable bindings and does not include a horn-clause inference engine for evaluating preconditions of operators and methods. By taking a simple travel-planning problem, it shows that the method is easy to understand and integrate planning into ordinary programming.
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Lisa Wulandari, Ni Luh, I. Made Kusuma Negara, and Luh Gede Leli Kusuma Dewi. "PENGARUH KEPUASAN, KEPERCAYAAN DAN HARGA TERHADAP LOYALITAS WISATAWAN PENGGUNA LAYANAN BOOKING.COM." Jurnal IPTA 4, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2016.v04.i02.p18.
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Online Travel Agent is popular sites as travel planner for tourist. Online Travel Agent provides ease on choosing accommodation or other tour facility for tourist. Booking.com is the biggest online travel agent at this time which giving service on reserving hotel room. Booking.com becomes popular among the tourist and very interested especially for reserved hotel room due to Booking.com provide additional facility which given for customer who loyal using service this online travel agent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to know The Effect of Satisfaction, Trust and Price on Tourist Loyalty who uses Service of Booking.com. Sample on this research is 100 respondents with using quota sampling technique directed to tourist who ever using service of Booking.com more than 1 time and classified as Secret Deal and Genius Booker Customer. Collecting Data technique are observation non participation, questionnaire with likert scale, literature study and online survey. By hypothesis test with t test and F test, the result are (1) Satisfaction has influence positive and significant on Loyalty of Tourist. (2) Trust has influence positive and significant on Loyalty of Tourist (3) Price has influence positive and significant on Loyalty of Tourist.(4) Satisfaction, Trust and Price has influence positive and significant on Loyalty of Tourist as simultaneous. Through coefficient determination test Satisfaction, Trust and Price variable able to explain Loyalty 70,60%. Linier Regression Analyze state that independent variable has positive coefficient value 2,593, 2,303 and 4,988 with result Price as independent variable which very dominant influence Loyalty of Tourist for using service online travel agent Booking.com.
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Brata, Komang Candra, Deron Liang, and Sholeh Hadi Pramono. "Location-Based Augmented Reality Information for Bus Route Planning System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i1.pp142-149.
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Bus Route Planner applications will unfold their full potential when bus passengers are enabled to get information about the shortest path route, make a travel plan and get the correct buses in order to reduce the travel time. However, all these information are provided in text based and map view. It is difficult to understand them for the person who does not know place in the map. This paper describes the android base application of Augmented Reality (AR) that has feature to support the action of a bus user in an innovative and dynamic ways by putting additional information layer on smart phone camera screen and give the instruction assistant that leading the user way to the nearest bus stop. The experimental results show that, the overall functional of proposed application can be run well in various type of Android smart phone. When compared with similar bus traveling applications, the proposed application works more efficient.
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Mohammad Arif, Abu Shamim, and Jia Tina Du. "Understanding collaborative tourism information searching to support online travel planning." Online Information Review 43, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 369–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-05-2017-0141.
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Purpose Collaborative information searching is common for people when planning their group trip. However, little research has explored how tourists collaborate during information search. Existing tourism Web portals or search engines rarely support tourists’ collaborative information search activities. Taking advantage of previous studies of collaborative tourism information search behavior, in the current paper the purpose of this paper is to propose the design of a collaborative search system collaborative tourism information search (ColTIS) to support online information search and travel planning. Design/methodology/approach ColTIS was evaluated and compared with Google Talk-embedded Tripadvisor.com through a user study involving 18 pairs of participants. The data included pre- and post-search questionnaires, web search logs and chat history. For quantitative measurement, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS; for log data and the qualitative feedback from participants, the content analysis was employed. Findings Results suggest that collaborative query formulation, division of search tasks, chatting and results sharing are important means to facilitate tourists’ collaborative search. ColTIS was found to outperform Tripadvisor significantly regarding the ease of use, collaborative support and system usefulness. Originality/value The innovation of the study lies in the development of an integrated real-time collaborative tourism information search system with unique features. These features include collaborative query reformulation, travel planner and automatic result and query sharing that assist multiple people search for holiday information together. For system designers and tourism practitioners, implications are provided.
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Lin, Teddy, Siva Srikukenthiran, Eric Miller, and Amer Shalaby. "Subway user behaviour when affected by incidents in Toronto (SUBWAIT) survey — A joint revealed preference and stated preference survey with a trip planner tool." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 8 (August 2018): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0442.
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Transit user behavioural response under disrupted service conditions, specifically how transit riders choose among available mode options to complete their trips, is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate transit user mode choice in response to rapid transit service disruption in the City of Toronto, incorporating such factors as the type of disruption, stage of the passenger’s trip (pre-trip or en-route), weather conditions, and uncertainty of delay duration. A joint revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) survey was designed where the RP part gathered information on the respondent’s actual response to the most recent service disruption while the SP part solicited the respondent’s travel choices under a set of hypothetical service disruption scenarios. A transit trip planner tool was developed to generate alternative transit mode and path options to avoid the disrupted segment. An empirical model using RP data is presented to verify the survey design technique.
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Fatima, Kaniz, Sara Moridpour, and Tayebeh Saghapour. "Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Elderly Public Transport Mode Preference." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 4752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094752.
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The elderly population is increasing rapidly. Understanding travel behaviour for this group of commuters (in terms of the trip purpose and travel time) is necessary for future transport planning. Many researchers are working on travel’s spatial and temporal analysis to provide operational decision making and transport network planning. This research study’s primary purpose is to identify the influence of trip duration (using public transport), time of the day (usage of public transport), and public transport (PT) accessibility over public transport mode preference by elderly (over 65 years of age) commuters. The methodology of this study is divided into two parts as spatial analysis and temporal analysis. The research identified the dependency of trip duration, time of the day, geographical areas, and PT access over transport mode preference of elderly. The temporal study shows that transport mode preference can vary depending on trip purposes. However, for specific trip durations and times of the day, the elderly sometimes choose PT as a mobility mode. For instance, on shopping trips between 10:00 and 11:00 a.m., the elderly have a greater possibility of choosing public transport over private vehicles. Moreover, the results show the public transport mode preference based on different times of the day and trip purposes. Urban and transport planner can use the results to modify/plan public transport schedule, which can be easily accessible by the elderly population.
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Skoglund, Tor, and I. C. MariAnne Karlsson. "Appreciated–but with a Fading Grace of Novelty! Traveller's Assessment of, Usage of and Behavioural Change given Access to a Co-modal Travel Planner." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 48 (2012): 932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1070.
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Rath, Louise, Nirosen Vijiaratnam, and Olga Skibina. "Alemtuzumab in Multiple Sclerosis: Lessons from Social Media in Enhancing Patient Care." International Journal of MS Care 19, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2017-010.
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CME/CNE Information Activity Available Online: To access the article, post-test, and evaluation online, go to http://www.cmscscholar.org. Target Audience: The target audience for this activity is physicians, physician assistants, nursing professionals, and other health-care providers involved in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Learning Objectives: Accreditation Statement: This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC), Nurse Practitioner Alternatives (NPA), and Delaware Media Group. The CMSC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The CMSC designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Nurse Practitioner Alternatives (NPA) is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. NPA designates this enduring material for 1.0 Continuing Nursing Education credit (1.0 in the area of pharmacology). Laurie Scudder, DNP, NP, has served as Nurse Planner and reviewer for this activity. She has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Disclosures: Editor in Chief of the International Journal of MS Care (IJMSC), has served as Physician Planner for this activity. He has received royalties from Springer Publishing, received intellectual property rights/patent holder from Biogen, and has performed contracted research for Biogen.Francois Bethoux, MD, has served as Nurse Planner and reviewer for this activity. She has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.Laurie Scudder, DNP, NP, has received a travel grant from Genzyme.Louise Rath, MA (Bioethics), Grad Dip Crit Care, BA, RN, , has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.Nirosen Vijiaratnam, MBBS, BMedSci , has served on a speakers' bureau for and received a travel grant from Genzyme.Olga Skibina, MD, FRACP The anonymous peer reviewers for the IJMSC have disclosed no relevant financial relationships. The staff at the IJMSC, CMSC, NPA, and Delaware Media Group who are in a position to influence content have disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Note: Disclosures listed for authors are those applicable at the time of their work on this project and within 12 months previously. Financial relationships for some authors may have changed in the interval between the time of their work on this project and publication of the article and/or the authors may list other older disclosures at the end of the article. Method of Participation: Release Date: December 1, 2017 Valid for Credit Through: December 1, 2018 In order to receive CME/CNE credit, participants must: Statements of Credit are awarded upon successful completion of the post-test with a passing score of >70% and the evaluation. There is no fee to participate in this activity. Disclosure of Unlabeled Use: This CME/CNE activity may contain discussion of published and/or investigational uses of agents that are not approved by the FDA. CMSC, NPA, and Delaware Media Group do not recommend the use of any agent outside of the labeled indications. The opinions expressed in the educational activity are those of the faculty and do not necessarily represent the views of CMSC, NPA, or Delaware Media Group. Disclaimer: Participants have an implied responsibility to use the newly acquired information to enhance patient outcomes and their own professional development. The information presented in this activity is not meant to serve as a guideline for patient management. Any medications, diagnostic procedures, or treatments discussed in this publication should not be used by clinicians or other health-care professionals without first evaluating their patients' conditions, considering possible contraindications or risks, reviewing any applicable manufacturer's product information, and comparing any therapeutic approach with the recommendations of other authorities.
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Shui and Chan. "Optimization of a Bikeway Network with Selective Nodes." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 20, 2019): 6531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236531.
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Setting up a bikeway network has been recognized as one of the most effective measures to motivate cycling. In fact, a highly connected, exclusive bikeway network that covers all demand sources can be an attractive and time-saving measure, but it requires very high setup costs. The planner often needs to have a trade-off between demand coverage and travel time under a given construction cost. This paper introduces a novel bikeway design problem which determines an optimal bikeway network that covers all potential cycling demand sources with minimal total travel time and under budget constraints. In the context of designing a bike sharing system, the resultant node set of the bikeway network can be interpreted as the locations of the shared bike stations which can cover all cycling demands. A two-stage solution method, by combining the genetic algorithm and a novel elimination heuristic, is proposed to solve the problem by firstly determining the subset of nodes (selected nodes) that can cover all the demand sources and then designing the bikeway network that connects all selected nodes within a given budget. Numerical studies illustrate the advantages of elimination heuristics in solving the proposed problem and the effect of the budget towards the solution fitness with or without a solution. Case studies of two proposed new towns in Hong Kong are provided to illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of the method in bikeway design. This optimization model can be applied to bike-sharing system design problems which aims to cover all demand sources by providing bike stations that are also well connected with exclusive bikeways subject to budget constraints.
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Ridho hendra yoga perdana, Mochammad junus, and Junaedi adi prasetyo. "Vertical Take Off Landing (VTOL) Untuk Drop Kits Pada Quadcopter." Journal of Applied Smart Electrical Network and Systems 1, no. 01 (June 30, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52158/jasens.v1i01.27.
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A structure due to natural disasters often occurs in Indonesia, and this is caused by the location of Indonesia in the path of earthquakes and volcanoes. Logistics delivery in the form of medicines and food has been hampered, and this is acknowledged by the Indonesian government, which experienced many obstacles when it had to reach an isolated location due to land transportation lines being cut off. So it was designed an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or drone that can deliver survival kits to some places that are isolated due to natural disasters autonomously. Flight orders will be made through the Mission Planner software, which is then sent to the drone using 433 MHz telemetries. Survival kits carried by drones will be dropped using a servo to a predetermined location. The work of Vertical Take-Off Landing (VTOL) for Drop Kits has successfully carried out a mission to deliver survival kits to 4 different locations in one flight. By using the 433 MHz Telemetry, the drone can travel a maximum distance of 120 meters in 5 minutes 10 seconds with a 9 Ah battery capacity.
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Angskun, Jitimon, Sasiwimon Korbua, and Thara Angskun. "Time-related factors influencing on an itinerary planning system." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-10-2014-0056.
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Purpose – This paper aims to focus on time-related factors influencing on an itinerary planning system. The research objective is to produce an itinerary planning system which balances between the limited time of traveler and the number of tourist attractions they can visit. This system should facilitate travelers by presenting candidate itineraries that visit attractions as much as possible under several time-related factors. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the goal, an itinerary planning system has been designed and developed. The system considers several time-related factors including acceptable total travel time specified by travelers, time-related factors at an attraction (e.g. time zones, opening hours and visiting time) and time-related factors of traveling (e.g. road obstructions, weather, date and time and rest time). A routing algorithm which is aware of these time-related factors has been introduced to find candidate itineraries. Findings – The performance of developed itinerary planning system has been evaluated by measuring speed and accuracy of seven traveling situations under different time-related factors. The experimental results indicate that the proposed routing algorithm spends less planning time than the traditional exhaustive routing algorithm. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm over the exhaustive algorithm is approximately 46 per cent while the accuracy is equal. Additionally, this designed system is evaluated by usability testing from nine experts. The evaluation is performed by measuring the user satisfaction level with the ability of user–system interaction. The results show that the overall system usability is in very satisfied level. Research limitations/implications – The designed itinerary planning system has three limitations. First, Google maps technology could not find information of some tourist attractions because these places were marked with several coordinates on the map. Second, holiday periods are manually kept into the database of system; therefore, it is necessary to annually and manually update the information. Third, the developed system is an online planner; thus, the speed of system depends on the bandwidth of users. Practical implications – The designed itinerary planning system considers time-related factors as much as possible and more than the existing planning systems. This implies that the designed system is one of the most accurate planning systems in practice. Thus, the tourism business could rely on the developed itinerary planning system to help travel agents plan a travel itinerary properly and receive an accurate and up-to-date travel explanation to their customers. Originality/value – This research proposes the novel design and implementation of an itinerary planning system which can suggest candidate itineraries, which visit maximum attractions under several time-related factors.
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Zaleski, S. F., G. Watabayashi, C. Dong, C. H. Barker, A. MacFadyen, D. Righi, G. Kachook, and B. Zelenke. "Predicting Surface Oil Transport in California Using a High-Resolution Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) Trajectory Analysis Planner (TAP)." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 2017309. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.000309.
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The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) Pacific Region conduct oil spill risk analyses to determine potential impacts to environmental resources. Oil spill trajectory modeling is conducted to predict the movement and fate of spilled oil, if a spill occurred, from existing offshore oil and gas operations in southern California. To improve BOEM and BSEE Pacific Region's ability to conduct oil spill risk analyses for southern California, BOEM partnered with the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to run a multi-year hind cast (re-analysis) of winds, waves, and currents along the coast of California. UCLA created a high-resolution (1 km) ROMS hind cast for the 10 year period 2004–2013 from Morro Bay, California to the border with Mexico. The project was conducted in three phases: (1) Surface winds were calculated at high horizontal and temporal resolution and validated using existing datasets; (2) A wave model was forced by the wind model results and validated through in situ measurements; and (3) The ocean model was run at high resolution and includes temperature, salinity, and currents; it assimilated in situ data and was forced by the hind cast atmospheric model results. BOEM is subsequently partnering with NOAA, to utilize the surface currents and winds from the ROMS hind cast analysis with NOAA's General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) to produce multiple trajectories for NOAA's TAP. Using realistic oil spill scenarios over a range of different regional oceanographic regimes (such as upwelling, relaxation, and eddy-driven flow), TAP will calculate the probabilities of oil contacting parcels of water and shoreline were any oil to spill from southern California oil platforms. This will enable analysts to understand where an oil spill may travel, how long it could take to get there, and the likelihood of spilled oil contacting their resource area. An online TAP viewer with the GNOME-generated data from this study will be publicly available along with the ROMS hind cast data for oil spill response planning along with other oceanographic modeling needs.
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Gao, Feng, Shaoying Li, Zhangzhi Tan, Xiaoming Zhang, Zhipeng Lai, and Ziling Tan. "How Is Urban Greenness Spatially Associated with Dockless Bike Sharing Usage on Weekdays, Weekends, and Holidays?" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10040238.
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Dockless bike sharing plays an important role in residents’ daily travel, traffic congestion, and air pollution. Recently, urban greenness has been proven to be associated with bike sharing usage around metro stations using a global model. However, their spatial associations and bike sharing usage on public holidays have seldom been explored in previous studies. In this study, urban greenness was obtained objectively using eye-level greenness with street-view images by deep learning segmentation and overhead view greenness from the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied to fill the research gap by exploring the spatially varying association between dockless bike sharing usage on weekdays, weekends, and holidays, and urban greenness indicators as well as other built environment factors. The results showed that eye-level greenness was positively associated with bike sharing usage on weekdays, weekends, and holidays. Overhead-view greenness was found to be negatively related to bike usage on weekends and holidays, and insignificant on weekdays. Therefore, to promote bike sharing usage and build a cycling-friendly environment, the study suggests that the relevant urban planner should pay more attention to eye-level greenness exposure along secondary roads rather than the NDVI. Most importantly, planning implications varying across the study area during different days were proposed based on GWR results. For example, the improvement of eye-level greenness might effectively promote bike usage in northeastern and southern Futian districts and western Nanshan on weekdays. It also helps promote bike usage in Futian and Luohu districts on weekends, and in southern Futian and southeastern Nanshan districts on holidays.
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Zhang, Y., T. Cheng, and N. S. Aslam. "EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRAVEL PATTERN AND SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHICS USING SMART CARD DATA AND HOUSEHOLD SURVEY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1375-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Understanding social-demographics of passengers in public transit systems is significant for transportation operators and city planners in many real applications, such as forecasting travel demand and providing personalised transportation service. This paper develops an entire framework to analyse the relationship between passengers’ movement patterns and social-demographics by using smart card (SC) data with a household survey. The study first extracts various novel travel features of passengers from SC data, including spatial, temporal, travel mode and travel frequency features, to identify long-term travel patterns and their seasonality, for the in-depth understanding of ‘how’ people travel in cities. Leveraging household survey data, we then classify passengers into several groups based on their social-demographic characteristics, such as age, and working status, to identify the homogeneity of travellers for understanding ‘who’ travels using public transit. Finally, we explore the significant relationships between the travel patterns and demographic clusters. This research reveals explicit semantic explanations of ‘why’ passengers exhibit these travel patterns.</p>
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Yao, En Jian, Zhi Qiang Yang, Hong Na Dai, and Ting Zuo. "Estimation of Electric Vehicle's Crusing Range Based on Real-Time Links Average Speed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 2100–2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.2100.
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For the reasons of relative short cruising range and insufficient charging facilities, the use and promotion of electric vehicles (EV) is restricted. The estimation of cruising range is important for the EV drivers when selecting the travel route. Energy consumption for different running status is the prerequisite for estimation of cruising range. In this study, an energy consumption factor model is established, which is characterized with reflecting the impact of frequent acceleration and deceleration of urban road, and the input parameter is easily obtained from usual road traffic information system. The results show that the proposed model can predict energy consumption with high accuracy. Then based on real-time links average travel speed, this paper proposes a method of estimating the cruising range when EV travels on a planned route according to drivers demand.
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Mair, Judith, Xin Cathy Jin, and Joanne Jung-Eun Yoo. "Exploring the Site Selection Decisions of Incentive Travel Planners." Event Management 20, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/152599516x14682560744677.
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Beeco, J. Adam, Wei-Jue Huang, Jeffrey C. Hallo, William C. Norman, Nancy G. McGehee, John McGee, and Cari Goetcheus. "GPS Tracking of Travel Routes of Wanderers and Planners." Tourism Geographies 15, no. 3 (August 2013): 551–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2012.726267.
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Alade, Wale, and Abubakar Olaseni. "Travel Behaviour of the Elderly in Planned and Unplanned Communities of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria." Built Environment Journal 17, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v17i1.9725.
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Interest in the study of travel behaviour of the elderly has been growing in the last two decades and many of the works done were concentrated in the global north. Evidence from literature reveals that most of these studies focus more on the impacts of individual and household socioeconomic attributes, urban form, travel attributes, and policy factors on the travel behaviour of the elderly, but less onthe influence of neighbourhood planning. This paper examined the travel behaviour of old people in Festac town (planned) and Ketu (unplanned) community of Lagos metropolis, southwest Nigeria to determine the influence of neighbourhood planning on travel pattern. The two neighbourhoods were carefully and purposively selected for collection of socio-economic and travel data through a structured questionnaire that was administered on 155 randomly selected elderly respondents. The study revealed significant differences and some similarities in respondents’ socio-economic and travel characteristics. Respondents from the planned community have a higher daily meantrip rate and mean trip time than those in unplanned community. Residents of the planned community also undertake higher work and social trips and rely on automobile more than those in unplanned community. Apart from the fact that the majority of respondents travel more during the off-peak period, frequent road congestion was reported as the top mobility challenge among respondents in the two neighbourhoods. The study concluded that neighbourhood planning affects travel behaviour and recommended a walkable neighbourhood concept and promotion of elderly-friendly public transport system for the study area.
Keywords: Aging, community, elderly, neighbourhood planning, travel behaviour.
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Lee, Raymond L. M. "Travel, Liquidity and Order in Malaysian Modernity." Asian Journal of Social Science 41, no. 6 (February 12, 2014): 580–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341323.
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Abstract The transition from solid to liquid modernity has led Bauman to suggest that nowadays people have come to be like tourists living from one moment to another. Addressing this behavior as the tourist syndrome, he proposes to treat the contemporary meaning of social interaction as inseparable from the consumption of sensations and looseness of ties. This is most apparent in the case of leisure travel where the organization of escapism is premised on the excitement of rapidly changing scenery and absence of belonging. In these scenarios of impermanence, order and regularity are overshadowed by the impulse for disengagement, flexibility and transience. Yet the fluidity of travel is not simply a metaphor for the fading of structured expectations, ordered modalities and patterned perceptions. Many people exposed to the asperity of being on the road do not want to be alienated from the familiar and the predictable. A description of Malaysian travellers on packaged tours suggests that their attraction to the liquid sensationalism of distant travels does not necessarily rule out the predilection for order and habitual attachments. As an aspect of Malaysian modernity, the popularity of packaged tourism reflects the attraction of the affluent middle class to the promotion of liquid leisure in planned travels that do not deny them their sense of order.
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Wang, Suosheng, Lingfei Wu, and Soonhwan Lee. "Role of dispositional aspects of self-identity in the process of planned behavior of outbound travel." Journal of Vacation Marketing 24, no. 2 (March 14, 2017): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766717695850.
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Identity theorists suggest that one’s self-identity affects his behavioral intent directly, while planned behavior researchers believe that one’s attitude toward a specific behavior has a direct effect on his intention to perform the behavior. Few studies have ever examined how one’s self-identity and situational attitude may interact on his behavioral intent. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the role of one’s dispositional aspects of self-identity in the process of planned behavior in the context of outbound travel. Based on a survey on Chinese outbound travel, this study verifies that self-identity does not exert direct influence on outbound travel intents; instead, the effect of self-identity is mediated by the effect of the planned behavioral constructs. This study concludes that, in the context of outbound travel, the dispositional aspects of self-identity contribute to outbound travel intentions within the structure of the theory of planned behavior. Both theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
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Ștefănică, Cristina, Vasile Dragu, Ştefan Burciu, Anamaria Ilie, and Oana Dinu. "Planned Traffic Stability on a Rail Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 1073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1073.
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Impetuous multiplication of mobility and road traffic proliferation lead to concerns for increasing the attractiveness of urban public transport. Compared to private car use, urban public transport attractiveness is conditioned, in particular, by travel times and certainty of respecting the transport schedules, meaning planned traffic stability. Traffic schedules are considered to be more stable as the primary delays from the announced schedule have low probabilities and values and their propagation as repeated delays is least noticed in time and space. Solutions for assuring traffic stability must take into consideration contradictory aspects, because introducing time reserves in the schedules means time travel extensions. In order to assure the stability of planned traffic, present paper develops studies of various models and methods that aim to reduce inherent primary delays. Thereby, for studying repeated delays on a complex network, a mathematical model adequate to a Discrete Event Dynamic System (DEDS), that in MAX-PLUS algebra becomes a linear system, was used. The paper concludes with a case study on an integrated network resulted from the superposition of Bucharest’s existing suburban rail network with the underground network designed for 2030, being identified measures for improving the stability indicators. Traffic stability is assessed on the basis of two indicators: instability coefficient and delay elimination rate. Main measure for improving stability indicators is the growth of time reserves taking into consideration the quality requirements resulting from the condition of maintaining a reduced planned travel time.
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Olaseni, Abubakar, and Wale Alade. "Travel Behaviour of the Elderly in Planned and Unplanned Communities of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria." Built Environment Journal 17, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v17i1.9663.
Full textAbstract:
Interests in the study of travel behaviour of the elderly have been growing in the last two decades and many of the works done are concentrated in the global north. Evidence from literature reveals that most of these studies focus more on the impact of individual and household socioeconomic attributes, urban form, travel attributes, and policy factors on the travel behaviour of the elderly, but less on the influence of neighbourhood planning. This paper examined the travel behaviour of old people in Festac town (planned) and Ketu (unplanned) community of Lagos metropolis, southwest Nigeria with a view to determining the influence of neighbourhood planning on travel pattern. The two neighbourhoods were carefully and purposively selected for collection of socio-economic and travel data through structured questionnaire that was administered on 155 randomly selected elderly respondents. The study revealed significant differences and some similarities in respondents’ socio-economic and travel characteristics. Respondents from the planned community have a higher daily mean trip rate and mean trip time than those in unplanned community. Residents of planned community also undertake higher work and social trips and rely on automobile more than those in unplanned community. Apart from the fact that the majority of respondents travel more during the off-peak period, frequent road congestion was reported as the top mobility challenge among respondents in the two neighbourhoods. The study concluded that neighbourhood planning affects travel behaviour and recommended a walkable neighbourhood concept and promotion of elderly friendly public transport system for the study area.
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Hu, Xiaojian, Nan Wu, and Nuo Chen. "Young People’s Behavioral Intentions towards Low-Carbon Travel: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052327.
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With the rapid development of China’s economy and the rapid growth of the population, the demand for traffic is gradually changing from slow to fast, and the traffic congestion, air pollution, climate change and public health problems are becoming increasingly prominent. As residents’ willingness for low-carbon travel plays a crucial role in alleviating the problems caused by traffic, many studies pay attention to this aspect, but young people are still an obviously neglected group in the study of willingness for low-carbon travel. The novelty of this study lies in the extension of environmental concern and perceived moral obligation to the theory of planned behavior to explore the factors influencing young people’s low-carbon travel behavioral intention. The structural equation modeling is validated with a sample of 235 young respondents. The results show that attitude, perceived behavior control, environmental concern and perceived moral obligation have a significant positive correlation with young people’s low-carbon travel behavioral intention, while subjective norm has not. By revealing young people’s intention of low-carbon travel, this study could help to enhance the understanding of young people’s low-carbon travel choices, and could provide guidance for how to guide young people to choose low-carbon travel in the future.
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Mendes Filho, Luiz Augusto Machado, Felix B. Tan, and Annette Mills. "User-Generated Content and travel planning: An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior." Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo 6, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v6i3.543.
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User-Generated Content (UGC) such as online travel reviews written by travelers and posted to virtual communities are being used more frequently to communicate travel-related information. UGC is therefore helping travelers to make decisions about their travel. Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which is one of the most comprehensive models explaining behavioral intention, this study contributes to the further development of theories of online consumer behavior by determining which factors are most important in relation to the use of UGC in the travel industry. The TPB has three independent determinants of behavioral intention: attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. Therefore the aim of this paper is to examine the roles of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control in respect of travelers’ intention to use UGC when making travel plans.
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Stojanovski, Todor. "Urban Form and Mobility Choices: Informing about Sustainable Travel Alternatives, Carbon Emissions and Energy Use from Transportation in Swedish Neighbourhoods." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020548.
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The lack of mobility choices in many Swedish neighbourhoods and cities designed for automobiles hinders the possibilities to shift towards more sustainable travel alternatives. Urban designers and planners can help with redesigning these neighbourhoods and creating urban forms that encourage walking, cycling and increased use of public transportation if they are informed about the environmental performance and carbon implications of transportation systems in existing and newly planned neighbourhoods. This paper proposes a mobility choices model based on urban form and accessibility factors commonly used in urban planning and design practices. The mobility choices model produces heat maps and visually informs about the integration with walking, cycling, public transportation and private car, modal shares, carbon emissions and transportation energy use. This information can (potentially) trigger urban transformation or redesign to better integrate sustainable travel alternatives in these neighbourhoods and contribute to more sustainable cities. Many houses can have an excellent environmental performance as buildings but they can be located at a distance where it is impossible to walk, cycle or use public transportation. The benefits of energy efficient and carbon neutral home then disappears with extensive travel and commuting by automobile.
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Walker, Joan L. "Making Household Microsimulation of Travel and Activities Accessible to Planners." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1931, no. 1 (January 2005): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193100105.
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There is a large gap between the aggregate, trip-based models used by transportation planning agencies and the activity-based, microsimulation methods espoused by those at the forefront of research. The modeling environment presented here is intended to bridge this gap by providing a palatable way for planning agencies to move toward advanced methods. Three components to bridging the gap are emphasized: an incremental approach, a demonstration of clear gains, and a provision of an environment that eases initial implementation and allows for expansion. The modeling environment (called STEP2) is a household microsimulator, developed in TransCAD, that can be used to implement a four-step model as well as models with longer-term behavior and trip chaining. An implementation for southern Nevada is described, and comparisons are made with the region's aggregate four-step model. The models perform similarly in numerous ways. A key advantage to the microsimulator is that it provides impacts by socioeconomic group (essential for equity analysis) and individual trip movements (for use in a vehicle microsimulator). A sensitivity analysis indicates that the microsimulation model has less inelastic cross elasticity of transit demand with respect to auto travel times than the aggregate model (aggregation error). The trade-off is that microsimulators have simulation error; results are presented regarding the severity of this error. This work shows that a shift to microsimulation does not necessarily require substantial investment to achieve many of the benefits. One of the greatest advantages is a flexible environment that can expand to include additional sensitivity to demographics and transportation policy variables.
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Zheng, Junjun, Mingyuan Xu, Runfa Li, and Liukai Yu. "Research on Group Choice Behavior in Green Travel Based on Planned Behavior Theory and Complex Network." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 3765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143765.
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Motor vehicle exhaust emissions have made air pollution increasingly serious in China, and advocating for the concept of green travel can help alleviate the air pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust. Thus, the research on the green travel choice behavior of limited rational individuals in the complex social network and the evolution of group behavior is the focus of this paper. Based on the theory of planned behavior, this paper established the individual cognition-behavior model. Meanwhile, an interaction model of individuals in the network is constructed based on the DeGroot model and scale-free network. The simulation results of the model show that: (1) it is difficult to control the behavior of green travel: even if the knowledge level of green travel is high, the proportion of green travel individuals in the group is still very low; (2) the individual intention for green travel is dependent on behavioral attitude, which can effectively improve the proportion of green travel individuals; (3) if the individual intention is too dependent on the subjective norm and the perception of behavioral result, the proportion of green travel individuals would become lower; and (4) when the network is connected, the proportion of individuals who choose green travel will reach the peak through social interaction and learning. This study has a certain practical significance for the environmental protection work of relevant departments, which can guide the behavior of individuals through the design of government institutions, and enable the concept of green travel to form an ideology by means of education and knowledge dissemination, so as to generate some kind of consensual behavioral consciousness. Meanwhile, this study provides a new research perspective for behavioral research and extends the research scope of group behavior.
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Kovacs, Gabor, Jasmin Bahlo, Sandra Kluth, Paula Cramer, Anna-Maria Fink, Kirsten Fischer, Carolin Gross-Ophoff-Mueller, et al. "Prognostic Impact and Risk Factors of Reducing Prescribed Doses of Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab (FCR) during Frontline Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4156.4156.
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Abstract Introduction: Frontline treatment with full-dose FCR is considered standard of care for physically fit patients with CLL. In routine practice, however, adverse events during treatment often lead to reduction of the planned dose of FCR which might result in loss of treatment efficacy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of reducing the prescribed dose of FCR and to identify risk factors that could help to predict such dose modification. Patients and Methods: Patients treated with FCR within two randomized phase 3 trials of the German CLL Study Group (GCLLSG) (CLL8 trial: FCR vs. FC; CLL10 trial: FCR vs. bendamustine plus rituximab) were pooled. In each patient, the planned dose of FCR (according to protocol) was compared with the actually applied dose (with deltas provided in %). Subjects with reductions of the planned dose of FCR due to early treatment discontinuation not caused by toxic adverse events, but refractory/progressive disease or other reasons were excluded from further analyses (Figure 1). Patients with ≤ 20% and with > 20% reduction of the planned dose of FCR were compared with regard to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of such dose modification. Results: A total of 635 patients treated with at least one dose of FCR were included in this study. Median age was 61 years, median CIRS score 1 (range 0-7), and median ECOG performance status 0 (range 0-2). The median follow up time was 57.3 months (range 1.4-96.4). 11% of patients had Binet stage A, 55% stage B, and 34% stage C disease. Among 540 patients with IGHV results, 59% had an unmutated status. In 550 cases with FISH results, del(17p) was found in 3% (exclusion criteria in CLL10 trial), del(11q) in 25%, 12+ in 10%, del(13q) in 38%, and normal karyotype in 24% (according to the hierarchical model by Döhner et al.). Of the 635 patients, 209 (33%) received FCR with > 20% reduction of the planned dose. These patients had significantly shorter PFS (median PFS 45.2 vs. 64.0 months, HR [hazard ratio]=1.627, 95%CI [confidence interval]=1.294-2.046, p<0.001) and OS (median OS 90.2 months vs. not reached, HR=1.849, 95%CI=1.315-2.600, p<0.001) compared with patients having received FCR at full-dose or with ≤ 20% reduction of the planned dose (Figure 2). In multivariate analysis, age > 60 years (OR=1.601, 95%CI=1.105-2.320, p=0.013), Binet stage C (OR [odds ratio]=1.790, 95%CI=1.224-2.619, p=0.003), and serum β2-microglobuline > 3.5 mg/L (OR=1.495, 95%CI=1.009-2.215, p=0.045) were identified as independent risk factors for reducing the prescribed dose of FCR. Conclusions: This pooled analysis of patients receiving frontline therapy of CLL with FCR within two prospective GCLLSG trials for the first time indicates that reducing prescribed doses of FCR compromises not only PFS, but also reduces the benefit regarding OS. The adverse prognostic impact of a reduction of the planned dose of FCR by 20% or more is clinically meaningful and should be considered carefully, particularly if such dose reductions are made. Predictors of reducing the planned dose during FCR treatment (such as older age and advanced disease stage) may help to refine treatment decision-making in CLL. Figure 1. Study population. Figure 1. Study population. Figure 2. a) PFS and b) OS of patients with ≤ 20% (green) vs. > 20% (blue) reduction of the planned dose of FCR. Figure 2. a) PFS and b) OS of patients with ≤ 20% (green) vs. > 20% (blue) reduction of the planned dose of FCR. Disclosures Kovacs: Mundipharma: Other: Travel grant. Cramer:Gilead: Other: Travel grant, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Other: Travel grant; Glaxo Smith Klein/Novartis: Research Funding; Hoffman LaRoche: Other: Travel grant, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Other: Travel grant, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Astellas: Other: Travel grant. Fink:Roche: Honoraria, Other: travel grant. Fischer:Roche: Other: Travel Grants. Langerbeins:Janssen: Honoraria, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Hoffmann-LaRoche: Honoraria, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Honoraria, Other: travel grants, Research Funding. Maurer:Mundipharma: Other: Travel grant. von Tresckow:Hoffman-LaRoche: Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Celgene: Other: travel grants; Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria, Research Funding. Wendtner:Genentech: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Hoffmann-LaRoche: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Glaxo-SmithKline: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Celege: Consultancy, Other: Travel grants, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding. Stilgenbauer:Gilead: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Boehringer-Ingelheim: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Genzyme: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Hoffman-LaRoche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Other: travel grants, Research Funding. Hallek:Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; Boehringher Ingelheim: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Other: Speakers Bureau and/or Advisory Board, Research Funding. Eichhorst:Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy; MundiPharma: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Goede:Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; GSK: Honoraria; Mundipharma: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria.