Relevant bibliographies by topics / Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)"

1

Jin, Hai Wei, Lan Zhang, Jie Liu, and Xu Qian. "The Progress of Millimeter / Submillimeter Wave TWT Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 705 (December 2014): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.705.219.

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Millimeter / Submillimeter wave traveling wave tubes have the merits of high output power, frequency bandwidth, compact, light weight, etc. Millimeter / Submillimeter wave traveling wave tube is an ideal millimeter / submillimeter radiation source, can be used in fields of radar, electronic warfare, communication, etc. The paper introduced and summarized the research status of foreign Millimeter / submillimeter TWT wave tube, analyzed and discussed its trend.
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Jang, Kwang-Ho, Jong-Hyun Kim, Geun-Ju Kim, Jung-Il Kim, and Jin-Joo Choi. "Experiments of Sub-THz Wave Folded Waveguide Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifier." Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 23, no. 2 (March 31, 2023): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26866/jees.2023.2.r.160.

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This study showed the possibility of using a sub-terahertz (THz) traveling-wave tube (TWT) via measuring the transmission characteristics and TWT performance of the circuit by applying X-ray LIGA, a micro-fabrication process, to the interaction circuit. The applied circuit type, an E-bend folded waveguide, is a simple structure most suitable for lithography. A total of three applied frequencies were used the W-band, G-band, and 850 GHz. Among the manufactured circuits, the W-band circuit was applied to the TWT, one of the vacuum electronics devices (VEDs). This was done to prove the manufacturing accuracy of the circuit by comparing the nonlinear characteristics of the circuit with the prediction results. Through such testing, the small signal gain was measured as 13 ± 2 dB under the conditions of 13.96-kV and 24.2-mA electron beam energy. The frequency bandwidth was extremely wide, about 9 GHz, and showed similar characteristics to the simulation predictions. The maximum output of the device was obtained up to 1 W or more at 87.12 GHz by slightly increasing the beam current. These characteristic achievements showed the suitability of the TWT for very small circuits fabricated using the X-ray LIGA process, further suggesting the applicability of other sub-THz bands.
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Li, Ying, Pan Pan, Bowen Song, Lin Zhang, and Jinjun Feng. "A 237 GHz Traveling Wave Tube for Cloud Radar." Electronics 12, no. 10 (May 9, 2023): 2153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12102153.

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In this article, the first 237 GHz traveling wave tube (TWT) is presented as a high-power amplifier for the terahertz (THz) cloud radar. As is common with previous G-band traveling wave tubes developed at Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute, the 237 GHz traveling wave tube employs a 20 kV, 50 mA pencil electron beam focused using periodic permanent magnets (PPMs) to achieve compactness. A folded waveguide (FWG) slow-wave structure (SWS) with modified circular bends is optimized to provide high impedance and eliminate sideband oscillations. Limited by insufficient drive power, this device is not saturated. The measured maximum output power and gain are 8.9 W and 35.7 dB, and the 3 dB gain bandwidth achieves 4 GHz.
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Торгашов, Р. А. "Замедляющая система меандрового типа на диэлектрической подложке для лампы бегущей волны миллиметрового диапазона." Журнал технической физики 46, no. 23 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2020.23.50344.18472.

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А novel planar microstrip meander-line slow-wave structure (SWS) on dielectric substrate for a miniature low-voltage millimeter-band traveling-wave tube (TWT) with a high-aspect-ratio sheet electron beam is proposed. Main electromagnetic parameters of the SWS were studied. Using of such a slow-wave structure may lead to increase of the gain and output power of the TWT-amplifier
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Song, Heather H. "Calculation of Start-Oscillation-Current for Lossy Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Tube (Gyro-TWT) Using Linear Traveling-Wave Tube (TWT) Parameter Conversions." Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 05, no. 01 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jemaa.2013.51001.

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Zhuge, Tianxiang, and Yulu Hu. "Design of a Novel High Power V-Band Helix-Folded Waveguide Cascaded Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/846425.

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A design of a V-band Helix-Folded Waveguide (H-FWG) cascaded traveling wave tube (TWT) is presented. In this cascaded structure, a digitized nonlinear theory model is put forward first to simulate these two types of the tubes by common process. Then, an initial design principle is proposed, which can design these two different kinds of tubes universally. Using this principle, a high-gain helix TWT is carefully designed as a first stage amplifier followed by a FWG TWT to obtain high power. Simulations predict that a peak power of 800 W with saturated gain of 60 dB from 55 GHz to 60 GHz can be achieved.
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Kurayev, A. A., and V. V. Matveyenka. "TERAHERTZ TRAVELING-WAVE TUBE ON A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE FOLDED IN A CIRCULAR SPIRAL." Doklady BGUIR, no. 7-8 (December 29, 2019): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2019-126-8-81-85.

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The most promising in the THz range is traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) and backward-wave tubes (BWTs) on a serpentine-curved (zigzag-rolled) rectangular waveguide. They are implemented in the THz range (220 GHz), although their characteristics are far from satisfactory due to the strict restriction on the tape electron beam width, that does not allow reaching the summarizing beam current optimum level. To replace the zigzag convoluted waveguide with the spiraled for the TWT and BWT on a curved rectangular waveguide is the best way to remove the ribbon beam width restriction. In the early TWT and BWT design a waveguide planar spiral was also flat in the upper and lower parts connected by vertical idle (without beam) transitions. Proposed design can be significantly improved both in relation to the electron interaction process with the waveguide field and in relation to the TWT-BWT manufacturing technology if instead of a planar waveguide spiral, a circular one is used. The article proposes the TWT designing a terahertz rectangular waveguide folded as a circular spiral. The design differs from the previously proposed TWT with a planar-spiral waveguide by the improved interaction conditions between the electron beam and the waveguide field, as well as the manufacturing technology simplification for terahertz range. Based on numerical simulation, it is shown that proposed TWT achieves Gн = 42÷48 dB saturation gain in the 220 GHz range with the waveguide turn number n = 40÷50. The proposed TWT design on a rectangular waveguide folded in a circular spiral is more technologically advanced than the TWT on a planar-spiral waveguide. In the most necessary 220 GHz range the efficiency is very high and can provide the need for amplifiers and generators in this and other ranges. We also note that the TWT on a spirally folded waveguide can operate in the BWT mode and, moreover, simultaneously in the TWT and BWT modes.
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Luo, Jinjing, Jin Xu, Pengcheng Yin, Ruichao Yang, Lingna Yue, Zhanliang Wang, Lin Xu, Jinjun Feng, Wenxin Liu, and Yanyu Wei. "A 340 GHz High-Power Multi-Beam Overmoded Flat-Roofed Sine Waveguide Traveling Wave Tube." Electronics 10, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 3018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10233018.

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A phase shift that is caused by the machining errors of independent circuits would greatly affect the efficiency of the power combination in traditional multi-beam structures. In this paper, to reduce the influence of the phase shift and improve the output power, a multi-beam shunted coupling sine waveguide slow wave structure (MBSC-SWG-SWS) has been proposed, and a multi-beam overmoded flat-roofed SWG traveling wave tube (TWT) based on the MBSC-SWG-SWS was designed and analyzed. A TE10-TE30 mode convertor was designed as the input/output coupler in this TWT. The results of the 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation with CST software show that more than a 50 W output power can be produced at 342 GHz, and the 3 dB bandwidth is about 13 GHz. Furthermore, the comparison between the single-beam sine waveguide (SWG) TWT and the multi-beam overmoded SWG TWT indicates that the saturated output power of the multi-beam overmoded SWG TWT is three times more than that of the single beam SWG TWT.
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Gehrmann, Elke, Philip Birtel, Wolfgang Dürr, Frédéric André, and Arne F. Jacob. "Second Harmonic Suppression in S-Band Traveling Wave Tube Tapers." Frequenz 69, no. 1-2 (December 20, 2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2014-0125.

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Abstract Traveling wave tubes (TWTs) operating at S-band are to be improved by suppressing the second harmonic frequency. Among the different possibilities, two techniques, namely harmonic injection and a filter helix for frequency selective signal suppression, are studied in more detail and applied to S-band tubes in both simulation and measurement. In addition, their suitability to improve tube performance by reducing the second harmonic is discussed. Moreover, filter helix implementation in TWTs with an arbitrary pitch profile along the interaction area is considered. In this context, the dependence of the pitch discontinuity reflection coefficient on several filter helix parameters is investigated. The influence of those parameters on the filter performance is shown by filter helix optimization. Measurement results of the optimized filter helix TWT are presented.
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Feng, Yuan, Xingwang Bian, Bowen Song, Ying Li, Pan Pan, and Jinjun Feng. "A G-Band Broadband Continuous Wave Traveling Wave Tube for Wireless Communications." Micromachines 13, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13101635.

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Development of a G-band broadband continuous wave (CW) traveling wave tube (TWT) for wireless communications is described in this paper. This device provides the saturation output power over 8 W and the saturation gain over 30.5 dB with a bandwidth of 27 GHz. The maximum output power is 16 W and the bandwidth of 10 W output power is 23 GHz. The 3 dB bandwidth is greater than 12.3% of fc (center frequency). The gain ripple is less than 10 dB in band. A pencil beam of 50 mA and 20 kV is used and a transmission ratio over 93% is realized. The intercept power of the beam is less than 70 W and the TWT is conduction cooled through mounting plate and air fan, which makes the device capable of operating in continuous wave mode. A Pierce’s electron gun and periodic permanent magnets are employed. Chemical vapor deposition diamond disc is used in the input and output radio frequency (RF) windows to minimize the loss and voltage standing wave ratios of the traveling wave tube. Double stages deeply depressed collector is used for improving the total efficiency of the device, which can be over 5.5% in band. The weight of the device is 2.5 kg, and the packaged size is 330 mm × 70 mm × 70 mm.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)"

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Chbiki, Mounir. "Caractérisation thermomécanique des lignes de transmission et des collecteurs dans les tubes à ondes progressives." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100168/document.

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Durant ces quarante dernières années, les Tubes à Ondes Progressives (TOP) n’ont cessé de se développer, orienté par la demande croissante des nouvelles applications (Internet Haut débit, TV HD…). Cette demande croissante en fréquence et en puissance se traduit par des problèmes d’échauffement thermique. En effet, l’augmentation de la puissance de sortie augmente la puissance dissipée. De plus, la montée en fréquence nécessite une diminution des dimensions, qui conduit tout logiquement à des densités de puissance plus importantes. Cette chaleur produite doit être évacuée par des petites surfaces de contact qui dépendent fortement du type d’assemblage. Cet échauffement thermique implique également des changements du comportement mécanique. Dans ce travail de thèse, le point principal a été l’étude du comportement des interfaces dans les tubes à ondes progressive. Il est question d’étudier les interfaces thermomécaniques produites lors de l'assemblage (frettage à chaud). L’objectif est de fournir un modèle de détermination de la température d’hélice en fonctionnement. Compte tenu des configurations de fonctionnement (Vide, haute tension, petite dimension…) une mesure directe n’est pas réalisable. Néanmoins plusieurs méthodes de mesure indirectes ont été investiguées afin de trouver la plus appropriée. Cette étude porte dans un premier temps sur les lignes de transmissions puis sur les collecteurs des TOPs. Nous avons réalisé un modèle analytique purement thermique permettant d’identifier rapidement l’impédance thermique des dispositifs. Une mesure de RTC et une coupe métallographique déterminant les surfaces de contact alimente ce modèle afin de lui donner une meilleure précision. Un modèle élément finis 2D nous permet d’identifier une pression moyenne de contact afin d’utiliser la RTC correspondante.L’impédance thermique, nous permet de trouver la température d’hélice en indiquant la puissance dissipée dans la ligne
During these last forty years traveling Waves tubes did not stop developing directed by the increasing request of the new applications (High-speed Internet, TV HD). This increasing request in frequency and in power is translated by thermal heating problems. Indeed, the more the output power will be high, the more there will be of the dissipated power, with smaller and smaller size. This leads logically to bigger and bigger power densities. This produced heat must be evacuated by small contact areas, which depend strongly on the type of assembly. This thermal heating also involves changes of the mechanical behaviour. The principal point will be the study of the behaviour of the interfaces in traveling waves tubes. Thesis work, we study the thermal and mechanical interfaces produced during a hot shrinking. Goal of this work is to supply a numerical or analytical model of helix temperature determination with functioning. Considering the configurations of functioning (Vacuum, high-voltage, small dimension) a direct measure is not impossible. Nevertheless several indirect measure methods were investigated to find the most appropriate. This study concerns at first the transmissions lines then the collectors of TOPS. We realized an analytical thermal model allowing to identify quickly the thermal impedance of devices. A thermal contact resistance measurement and a metallographic cutting determining the contact areas feeds this model to give it a better precision. A 2D finite element allows us to identify an average pressure of contact to use the corresponding RTC. The thermal resistance, allows us to find the helix temperature by indicating the power dissipated in the line
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Lopes, Daniel Teixeira. "Análise multi-sinal e caracterização experimental de válvulas de ondas progressivas (TWT) para aplicação em amplificadores de micro-ondas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-03042012-093927/.

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Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma para o estudo teórico e experimental de dispositivos amplificadores de micro-ondas do tipo válvula de ondas progressivas (TWT). A plataforma é composta por um modelo matemático e uma bancada de testes. O modelo matemático descreve a TWT como uma linha de transmissão acoplada a um feixe eletrônico unidimensional, onde as forças de carga espacial AC e DC são calculadas auto consistentemente, eliminando-se a necessidade de um cálculo separado para o fator de redução de carga espacial. O modelo matemático deu origem a dois códigos para a simulação da TWT. Ambos foram comparados com resultados experimentais e teóricos disponíveis na literatura especializada para uma pré-validação. O nível de concordância entre os presentes resultados e aqueles de referência foi acima de 90%, o que atendeu as expectativas de exatidão do modelo, tendo em vista que nem todos os parâmetros de entrada estavam disponíveis na referência. A bancada de testes construída é composta por uma TWT com banda de operação de 6,0 a 18 GHz e potência saturada máxima em torno de 55 dBm (316 W) em 13 GHz, um circuito de polarização para a mesma e a instrumentação necessária para a realização das medidas pertinentes aos amplificadores de potência. A TWT em questão foi caracterizada segundo seu comportamento mono-sinal e multi-sinal. As curvas de ganho e potência foram obtidas em função da frequência utilizando a voltagem de aceleração do feixe eletrônico e a potência de entrada como parâmetros. As curvas de transferência de potência, de fase e compressão de ganho foram obtidas para frequências escolhidas ao longo da banda, tendo novamente a voltagem de aceleração como parâmetro. Adicionalmente, a produção de produtos de intermodulação de terceira ordem foi caracterizada no ponto de 1 dB de compressão de ganho ao longo da banda analisada. Um teste de linearização por injeção de sinais, que estava previsto no plano de trabalho, não apresentou o desempenho esperado devido a problemas no funcionamento do circuito linearizador. Esses problemas foram analisados e listou-se uma série de passos para saná-los.
This work deals with the development of a platform for theoretical and experimental investigations of microwave amplifiers devices of the type traveling-wave tube (TWT). The platform consists of a mathematical model and a test bench. The mathematical model describes the TWT as a transmission line coupled to a onedimensional electron beam, in which the AC and DC space charge forces are calculated self-consistently, eliminating the need for a separate calculation for the space charge reduction factor. The mathematical model gave rise to two codes for the simulation of TWTs. Both codes were validated against experimental and theoretical results available in the literature. The overall level of agreement between the present results and those from the reference was above 90%, which was considered satisfactory since not all input parameters were available in the reference. The test bench consists of a wideband TWT operating from 6.0 to 18 GHz and maximum saturated power around 55 dBm (316 W) at 13 GHz, a biasing circuit, and the instrumentation needed to perform the relevant measurements to the power amplifier. The TWT in question was characterized according to its mono-signal and multi-signal behavior. The gain and power curves were obtained as a function of the frequency using the beam voltage and the input power as parameters. The curves of power transfer, phase transfer and gain compression were obtained for selected frequencies along the operating band, again, using the beam voltage as a parameter. Furthermore, the production of third-order intermodulation products was measured at the 1 dB gain compression point over the band analyzed. A linearization test applying the signal injection technique, which was part of the initial work plan, presented inadequate performance due to problems in the linearizer circuit operation. These problems were analyzed and a guide to solve them was provided.
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Sumathy, M. "Analysis Of Broad-band And High-Efficiency Folded-Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure For Millimeter-Wave Traveling-Wave Tubes." Thesis, 2011. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2372.

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Vacuum microwave tubes, such as klystron, traveling-wave tube, gyrotron are high efficiency devices, where the RF interaction structure facilitates efficient energy transfer from the kinetic energy of the high energy electron beam to the electromagnetic wave. Traveling-wave Tube is the most versatile microwave power amplifier widely used for terrestrial communication, radar and aerospace applications. The waveguide based slow-wave structures like Millman, Karp, inter digital, grated waveguide, ring-plane, ring-bar, millitron and folded-waveguide structure gathered importance for application in millimeter-wave traveling-wave tubes. Among these millimeter-wave interaction structures, the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure became the most popular due to its robust structure, high power capability, low RF loss, simpler coupling, reasonably wide bandwidth and ease of fabrication for millimeter-wave to terahertz frequencies. Hence this thesis aims to analyse the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure for broad-banding and efficiency enhancement. The existing approaches for the analysis of cold circuit parameters (dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics) of folded-waveguide slow-wave structure are reinvestigated and found that these have limitation, as the effects of E-plane bend and beam-hole discontinuities are ignored in the parametric analysis. A cascaded matrix equivalent circuit model includes the effect of E-plane and beam-hole discontinuities for the analysis, but reported only for the serpentine folded-waveguide slow-wave structure. The cold test measurement technique was reported only for the dispersion characteristics. Hence the measurement technique has to be extended for the measurement of interaction impedance. The author proposes to orient the present doctoral work to (i) extend the proposed cascaded transmission matrix equivalent model for the analysis of rectangular folded-waveguide slow-wave structure, (ii) develop a non-resonant perturbation technique for the measurement of interaction impedance characteristics of the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure and also to (iii) establish new analysis models for the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure. The effect of E-plane bend and beam-hole discontinuities on the RF characteristics have been considered and simple, yet accurate closed form expressions for the computation of dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics have been established by three different approaches namely: transmission line equivalent circuit model, conformal mapping equivalent circuit model and quasi-TEM approach. The analysis results are benchmarked against 3-D electromagnetic modeling. The non-resonant perturbation theory is developed for the interaction impedance measurement. Typical Ka-band structures are fabricated by wire-EDM process and cold test measurements are carried out to benchmark the analysis approaches. The equivalent circuit models based on lumped circuit model are simpler than the cascaded matrix equivalent circuit model and can give closed form expressions for the prediction of dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics. The quasi-TEM approach can be extended for the complicated structure like ridge-loaded FWG-SWS. Broad-banding of the conventional folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is attempted by ridge-loading on the broad wall of the structure. The ridge-loaded folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is analyzed by parametric approach, cascaded transmission matrix equivalent circuit model and quasi-TEM approach and validated against numerical simulation. The analysis is extended for exploring the efficacy of the ridge-loading on broad-banding of the traveling-wave tube. Finally efficiency enhancement of the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is attempted by introducing grating on the broad wall of the structure. The analysis is carried out by numerical simulation for exploring the efficacy of the grating on efficiency enhancement of the traveling-wave tube.
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Sumathy, M. "Analysis Of Broad-band And High-Efficiency Folded-Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure For Millimeter-Wave Traveling-Wave Tubes." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/2372.

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Vacuum microwave tubes, such as klystron, traveling-wave tube, gyrotron are high efficiency devices, where the RF interaction structure facilitates efficient energy transfer from the kinetic energy of the high energy electron beam to the electromagnetic wave. Traveling-wave Tube is the most versatile microwave power amplifier widely used for terrestrial communication, radar and aerospace applications. The waveguide based slow-wave structures like Millman, Karp, inter digital, grated waveguide, ring-plane, ring-bar, millitron and folded-waveguide structure gathered importance for application in millimeter-wave traveling-wave tubes. Among these millimeter-wave interaction structures, the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure became the most popular due to its robust structure, high power capability, low RF loss, simpler coupling, reasonably wide bandwidth and ease of fabrication for millimeter-wave to terahertz frequencies. Hence this thesis aims to analyse the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure for broad-banding and efficiency enhancement. The existing approaches for the analysis of cold circuit parameters (dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics) of folded-waveguide slow-wave structure are reinvestigated and found that these have limitation, as the effects of E-plane bend and beam-hole discontinuities are ignored in the parametric analysis. A cascaded matrix equivalent circuit model includes the effect of E-plane and beam-hole discontinuities for the analysis, but reported only for the serpentine folded-waveguide slow-wave structure. The cold test measurement technique was reported only for the dispersion characteristics. Hence the measurement technique has to be extended for the measurement of interaction impedance. The author proposes to orient the present doctoral work to (i) extend the proposed cascaded transmission matrix equivalent model for the analysis of rectangular folded-waveguide slow-wave structure, (ii) develop a non-resonant perturbation technique for the measurement of interaction impedance characteristics of the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure and also to (iii) establish new analysis models for the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure. The effect of E-plane bend and beam-hole discontinuities on the RF characteristics have been considered and simple, yet accurate closed form expressions for the computation of dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics have been established by three different approaches namely: transmission line equivalent circuit model, conformal mapping equivalent circuit model and quasi-TEM approach. The analysis results are benchmarked against 3-D electromagnetic modeling. The non-resonant perturbation theory is developed for the interaction impedance measurement. Typical Ka-band structures are fabricated by wire-EDM process and cold test measurements are carried out to benchmark the analysis approaches. The equivalent circuit models based on lumped circuit model are simpler than the cascaded matrix equivalent circuit model and can give closed form expressions for the prediction of dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics. The quasi-TEM approach can be extended for the complicated structure like ridge-loaded FWG-SWS. Broad-banding of the conventional folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is attempted by ridge-loading on the broad wall of the structure. The ridge-loaded folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is analyzed by parametric approach, cascaded transmission matrix equivalent circuit model and quasi-TEM approach and validated against numerical simulation. The analysis is extended for exploring the efficacy of the ridge-loading on broad-banding of the traveling-wave tube. Finally efficiency enhancement of the folded-waveguide slow-wave structure is attempted by introducing grating on the broad wall of the structure. The analysis is carried out by numerical simulation for exploring the efficacy of the grating on efficiency enhancement of the traveling-wave tube.
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Book chapters on the topic "Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)"

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Du, Chao-Hai, and Pu-Kun Liu. "Instability Competition in an Ultrahigh Gain Gyro-TWT Amplifier." In Millimeter-Wave Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifiers, 91–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54728-7_4.

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Du, Chao-Hai, and Pu-Kun Liu. "A Lossy Ceramic-Loaded Millimeter-Wave Gyro-TWT Amplifier." In Millimeter-Wave Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifiers, 121–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54728-7_5.

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"TWT with two-stream e-beam and a single TL." In An Analytic Theory of Multi-stream Electron Beams in Traveling Wave Tubes, 203–63. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811209208_0004.

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"TWT Composed of a Single-Stream e-Beam and a Single Transmission Line." In An Analytic Theory of Multi-stream Electron Beams in Traveling Wave Tubes, 175–201. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811209208_0003.

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Karmakar, Santanu, and Jagadish C. Mudiganti. "Gyrotron: The most Suitable Millimeter-Wave Source for Heating of Plasma in Tokamak." In Plasma Science and Technology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98857.

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In this chapter, brief outline is presented about gyro-devices. Gyro-devices comprise of a family of microwave devices and gyrotron is one among those. Various gyro devices, namely, gyrotron, gyro-klystron and gyro traveling-wave tubes (gyro-TWT) are discussed. Gyrotron is the only microwave source which can generate megawatt range of power at millimeter-wave and sub-millimeter-wave frequency. Gyrotron is the most suitable millimeter wave source for the heating of plasma in the Tokamak for the controlled thermoneuclear fusion reactors. This device is used both for the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) as well as for the electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). In this chapter, the basic theory of gyrotron operation are presented with the explanation of various sub-systems of gyrotron. The applications of gyrotrons are also discussed. Also, the present state-of-the-art worldwide scenario of gyrotrons suitable for plasma heating applications are presented in details.
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Conference papers on the topic "Traveling-wave Tube (TWT)"

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Nation, John A., J. D. Ivers, G. Kerslick, Donald A. Shiffler, and Levi Schaechter. "High-gain high-efficiency TWT (traveling wave tube) amplifiers." In Optics, Electro-Optics, and Laser Applications in Science and Engineering, edited by Howard E. Brandt. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.43478.

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Kowalski, Elizabeth J., William C. Guss, Michael A. Shapiro, and Richard J. Temkin. "Overmoded W-band traveling wave tube (TWT) design and test." In 2015 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivec.2015.7223740.

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Kowalski, Elizabeth J., William C. Guss, Michael A. Shapiro, and Richard J. Temkin. "PPPS-2013: Over-moded W-band traveling wave tube (TWT) amplifier." In 2013 IEEE 40th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2013.6634874.

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Gupta, Raj Kumar, Anil Vohra, and Vishnu Srivastava. "Efficiency enhancement of C-band, 60 W space traveling wave tube (TWT)." In 2008 International Conference on Recent Advances in Microwave Theory and Applications (MICROWAVE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/amta.2008.4763119.

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Liu, Qian, Li Wang, and Ran Yan. "De-embedding research in cold test of output window of Gyro-TWT (gyro traveling wave tube)." In 2014 Joint IEEE International Symposium on the Applications of Ferroelectrics, International Workshop on Acoustic Transduction Materials and Devices & Workshop on Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (ISAF/IWATMD/PFM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isaf.2014.6918058.

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Liu, Qian, Li Wang, and Ran Yan. "De-embedding research in cold test of output window of Gyro-TWT (gyro traveling wave tube)." In 2014 15th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept.2014.6922849.

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Fernandez-Gutierrez, S., Dennis Gautreau, and J. R. Sirigiri. "263 GHz Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) amplifier for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy." In 2015 40th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2015.7327797.

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Celona, L., F. Consoli, G. Ciavola, S. Gammino, S. Barbarino, G. Sorbello, A. Galata, and D. Mascali. "Application of Traveling Wave Tubes (TWT) to ECRIS Plasmas." In IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. 2005 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2005.359046.

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Li, Ke, Wenxin Liu, Yong Wang, and Miaomiao Cao. "Nonlinear beam-wave interaction of terahertz two-beam folded waveguide traveling wave tube." In 2015 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivec.2015.7223975.

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He, J., Y. Y. Wei, Y. B. Gong, W. X. Wang, G. Guo, M. L. Liao, and G. S. Park. "Analysis of a 140GHz Two-Section Folded Waveguide Traveling-Wave Tube." In 2010 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics (SOPO 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sopo.2010.5504321.

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