Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trbd

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trbd'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trbd"

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Lv, Qinyu, Qiongyue Hu, Wenzhong Zhang, Xinxin Huang, Minghuan Zhu, Ruijie Geng, Xiaoyan Cheng, et al. "Disturbance of Oxidative Stress Parameters in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Disorder and Their Association With Electroconvulsive Therapy Response." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 23, no. 4 (January 22, 2020): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaa003.

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Abstract Objective Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective option for treatment-resistant bipolar disorder (trBD). However, the mechanisms of its effect are unknown. Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the underpinnings of BD. Our study is the first, to our knowledge, to report the association between notable oxidative stress parameters (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px], catalase [CAT], and malondialdehyde [MDA]) levels and ECT response in trBD patients. Methods A total 28 trBD patients and 49 controls were recruited. Six-week ECT and naturalistic follow-up were conducted. SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and MDA levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale were administered at baseline and the end of the 6th week. MANCOVA, ANCOVA, 2 × 2 ANCOVA, and a multiple regression model were conducted. Results SOD levels were lower in both trBD mania and depression (P = .001; P = .001), while GSH-Px (P = .01; P = .001) and MDA (P = .001; P = .001) were higher in both trBD mania and depression compared with controls. CAT levels were positively associated with 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores in trBD depression (radjusted = 0.83, P = .005). MDA levels in trBD decreased after 6 weeks of ECT (P = .001). Interestingly, MDA levels decreased in responders (P = .001) but not in nonresponders (P > .05). Conclusions Our study indicates that decreased SOD could be a trait rather than a state in trBD. Oxidative stress levels are associated with illness severity and ECT response. This suggests that the mechanism of oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of trBD.
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Zheng, Wei, Yan-Ling Zhou, Cheng-Yu Wang, Xiao-Feng Lan, Bin Zhang, Ming-Zhe Yang, Sha Nie, and Yu-Ping Ning. "Neurocognitive effects of six ketamine infusions and the association with antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant bipolar depression: a preliminary study." PeerJ 8 (November 3, 2020): e10208. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10208.

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Objective The N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype glutamate receptor antagonist ketamine has rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in treating treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBD). The neurocognitive effects of repeated ketamine infusions in TRBD are not known. Methods Six intravenous infusions of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min) were administered on a Monday–Wednesday–Friday schedule during a 12-day period on 16 patients with TRBD followed by a 2-week observational period. The assessment of neurocognitive function was conducted using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery at baseline, 13 and 26 days. Tasks were designed to test speed of processing, working memory, visual learning and verbal learning. Results A significant improvement was found only in scores of speed of processing (F = 9.9, p = 0.001) after a 2-week observational period, which was accounted for by the improvement of depression symptoms. There were no significant changes over time in terms of working memory, visual learning and verbal learning. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the improvement of depression symptoms through six ketamine infusions was greater among TRBD patients with lower working memory at baseline (r = 0.54, p = 0.03). In multiple regression analysis, the significant correlation was still maintained (beta = 0.67, t = 2.2, p = 0.04). Conclusion This preliminary study indicated that six ketamine infusions were not harmful but were slightly beneficial for speed of processing in TRBD. However, this change was mainly accounted for the improvement of depression symptoms over time. Lower baseline working memory appears to be associated with greater antidepressant response after completion of six ketamine infusions in patients with TRBD.
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Bosc, Nathalie, and Marie-Paule Lefranc. "The Mouse (Mus musculus) T Cell Receptor Beta Variable (TRBV), Diversity (TRBD) and Joining (TRBJ) Genes." Experimental and Clinical Immunogenetics 17, no. 4 (2000): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000019141.

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Stalika, Evangelia, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Athanasios Gkoufas, Maria Karypidou, Semeli Mastrodemou, Anna Vardi, Vasilis Bikos, et al. "High-Throughput Profiling of the T-Cell Receptor Gene Repertoire Supports Antigen Drive in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 2731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2731.2731.

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Abstract Chronic idiopathic neutropenia (CIN) is an acquired disorder of granulopoiesis characterized by prolonged neutropenia, mainly affecting middle-age females of the HLA-DRB1*1302 type. The defective hematopoiesis in CIN can be mainly attributed to accelerated Fas-mediated death of the CD34+/CD33+ granulocytic progenitors, secondary to an inflammatory bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Crucial to CIN pathogenesis are the increased numbers of activated T cells identified in both peripheral blood (PB) and BM of CIN patients, supporting an immune pathogenesis. Using Sanger sequencing, we previously reported that the T-cell receptor (TR) gene repertoire in CIN is skewed, indicating antigen selection in CIN ontogeny. However, the analytical depth afforded by Sanger sequencing is limited, hindering definitive conclusions. In order to obtain a truly comprehensive view into the role of antigen drive in CIN, using next generation sequencing (NGS) we interrogated the TR repertoire of 13 patients (8 females, 5 males) included in our previous study as well as a healthy female. TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were amplified according to the BIOMED2 protocol on either genomic DNA or cDNA isolated from CD8+ cells of PB (n=4) or BM (n=10) samples. PCR products were used as a substrate for paired-end sample preparation (Illumina) and subjected to NGS on the MiSeq Illumina Platform. The raw NGS data were preprocessed with a dedicated pipeline for this purpose, including: (i) quality filtering of each read; (ii) merging of paired-end reads via local alignment; (iii) preparation of fasta files for submission to the IMGT/High V-QUEST tool; and, (iv) IMGT/High V-QUEST metadata analysis, interpretation and visualization. Overall, 6,196,980 TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were analyzed (130,020-1,037,680 /case) of which 5,317,609 were productive since they used functional TRBV genes and also carried in-frame CDR3. Rearrangements with identical TRBV gene usage and CDR3 sequence were defined as clonotypes. For repertoire analyses, clonotypes rather than single rearrangement sequences were considered. Overall, 553,145 unique clonotypes were identified (median 39,510; range 7,732-172,253/case), of which 408,744 represented singletons. All clonotypes from the Sanger analysis were detected by NGS as well. Among the 46 functional TRBV genes identified, the most frequent were: TRBV29-1 (13.9%), TRBV19 (6.7%), TRBV12-3 (5.6%), TRBV6-5 (5.4%), TRBV27 (4.9%) and TRBV6-1 (4.0%), collectively accounting for 40,5% of the TRBV repertoire; the TRBV29-1 gene predominated in 9/13 CIN cases. All CIN cases were found to carry distinct expanded clonotypes (median 10,314; range 2,279-40,245/case). The predominant clonotype ranged in frequency from 5.25 to 20.2% of the total clonotypes observed in each case. This contrasts significantly (p<0.001) with a 0.47% frequency of the dominant clonotype in the healthy control. Cluster analysis of the sequences of all CIN cases identified 9034 different clonotypes shared by different patients and, thus, deemed as public. Notably, public clonotypes of a given CDR3 length could show high sequence similarity, further underscoring the restricted nature of the repertoire. As an example, 1632/2665 (61.2%) public clonotypes with 12 aminoacid-long CDR3 were grouped into 168 distinct communities, populated with 2-280 highly similar sequences, each linked with 1 aminoacid distance with at least another member of the community. Overall, the present study offers conclusive evidence that the TR repertoire in CIN is remarkably skewed. The finding of oligoclonal T-cell expansions and public clonotypes strongly indicates that antigen-driven immune responses are very likely implicated in the pathogenesis of CIN. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Folch, Géraldine, and Marie-Paule Lefranc. "The Human T Cell Receptor Beta Diversity (TRBD) and Beta Joining (TRBJ) Genes." Experimental and Clinical Immunogenetics 17, no. 2 (2000): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000019130.

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Vardi, Anna, Evangelia Stalika, Athanasios Gkoufas, Maria Karypidou, Vasilis Bikos, Sarka Pospisilova, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, et al. "High-Throughput T-Cell Receptor Gene Repertoire Profiling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Reveals a Molecular Signature of Antigen Selection." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1950.1950.

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Abstract The role of antigen(s) in shaping the T-cell repertoire in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is largely unexplored, though highly relevant in light of the interactions of the CLL B cells with T cells, effectively inducing tolerance to the latter. Our recent classic subcloning/Sanger sequencing studies of the T-cell receptor beta chain (TRB) gene repertoire in CLL indicated repertoire restriction, pointing to antigenic selection. However, due to the inherent limitations of low-throughput analysis, definitive conclusions were not possible. Here, we sought to advance the analytical depth of our approach by employing high-throughput, next generation sequencing (NGS) for exploring the TRB gene repertoire in CLL. Our study included 9 untreated CLL cases assigned to two paradigmatic stereotyped subsets, namely clinically indolent subset #4 (n=7) and clinically aggressive subset #1 (n=2). RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n=7 cases) or purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (n=2, both subset #4). TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were amplified on cDNA according to the BIOMED2 protocol and were subjected to NGS (MiSeq Illumina Platform). The paired-end Illumina protocol allowed sequencing of the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) twice/read, thus increasing the accuracy of results. Still, considering the inherent limitations of PCR-based NGS, the experimental setup included many internal controls: (i) replicate samples of the same patient at the same timepoint; (ii) samples of the same patient at sequential time points (two-timepoint longitutinal analysis for 1 case); (iii) replicate cDNA samples for PCR amplification; and, (iv) analysis of a healthy individual. A bioinformatics pipeline was developed for raw NGS data processing, performing: (i) quality filtering of reads; (ii) merging of paired-end reads via local alignment; (iii) preparation of filtered-in fasta sequences for submission to the IMGT/HighV-QUEST tool; and, (iv) IMGT/HighV-QUEST metadata clustering, analysis and interpretation. Overall, 19 samples were analyzed, producing 7,920,136 TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ reads (median 359,957 reads/sample, median Q-score 38.3). Poor quality, incomplete, out-of-frame and unproductive rearrangements were filtered out (median 2.1% of reads/sample). For repertoire analyses, clonotypes (i.e. TRB rearrangements with identical TRBV gene usage and amino acid CDR3 sequence) rather than single rearrangement reads were considered, so as to avoid possible biases due to clonal expansion following antigenic stimulation (median 56194 distinct clonotypes/sample, 33619 singletons versus 13725 expanded). Among the 53 functional TRBV genes identified, the following 5 predominated: TRBV12-3/12-4 (7.5%), TRBV19 (6.1%), TRBV5-1 (5.2%), TRBV29-1 (4.9%) and TRBV27 (4.8%), collectively accounting for 28.5% of the TRBV repertoire. Comparison of the TRBV gene repertoire of CD8+ vs CD4+ cells in subset #4 CLL cases showed that TRBV19 was overrepresented in the CD4+ compartment (9.4% versus 6.9%, p<0.001). Comparison between subset #4 versus subset #1 cases revealed significant overrepresentation of TRBV12-3/12-4 in subset #4 (8.6% versus 4.1%, p<0.001). The TRB repertoire was significantly more oligoclonal in CLL compared to the healthy control (median frequency of the predominant clonotype: 7.3% versus 0.47%, respectively, p<0.001), and this skewing stemmed mainly from the CD8+ rather than the CD4+ compartment (median frequency of the predominant clonotype 10.7% versus 1.0%, respectively, p<0.001). Cluster analysis of all CLL cases identified 11281 different clonotypes (excluding singletons) shared by different patients and not present in the healthy control. Of these, 10670 and 12 were exclusively found in subset #4 and subset #1 cases, respectively. The longitudinal analysis of one case identified 14.6% of all expanded clonotypes persisting over time. Moreover, comparison of TRBV gene usage and clonotype repertoire among replicate samples revealed high reproducibility of results. Overall, our study provides large-scale, reproducible evidence of TR repertoire skewing and oligoclonality in CLL, mainly derived from the CD8+ T cell compartment, strongly supporting antigenic selection. The functional role of clonally expanded T cells remains to be elucidated. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Stalika, Evangelia, Michalis Spanoudakis, Nikos Darzentas, Maria Karypidou, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Semeli Mastrodimou, Kostas Stamatopoulos, and Helen Papadaki. "Skewing of the T Cell Receptor Gene Repertoire and Public Clonotypes in Cytotoxic T Cells of Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia: A Role for Antigen Selection in Disease Development." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.831.831.

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Abstract Abstract 831 Chronic idiopathic neutropenia (CIN) is a disorder of neutrophil production usually characterized by benign and asymptomatic course and female predominance. The defective hematopoiesis in CIN can be mainly attributed to accelerated Fas-mediated death of the CD34+/CD33+ granulocytic progenitor cells, secondary to an inflammatory bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Crucial to CIN pathogenesis are the increased numbers of activated T cells identified in both peripheral blood (PB) and BM of CIN patients. Recently, using flow cytometry and CDR3 spectratyping, we obtained for the first time evidence for expanded T cell populations alluding to repertore skewing in both PB and BM of patients with CIN, but more prominent in the BM CD8+ subset. Prompted by these fndings, here we significantly extended our studies of the cytotoxic T cell responses in CIN in order to obtain a comprehensive view of the role of antigen selection in CIN pathogenesis. The study included 18 patients with CIN, 17 females and 1 male, diagnosed according to the established criterial for CIN. TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were amplified on either genomic DNA or cDNA isolated from CD8+ cells of PB (n=6) or BM (n=12) samples. PCR products were subcloned by transformation into E.Coli/TOP10F' competent bacteria and individual colonies were chosen randomly and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Sequence data were analyzed using the International imMunoGenetics information system and more particularly the IMGT/V-QUEST tool. Overall, 507 TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were analyzed (19-30/case) of which 466 were productive since they used functional TRBV genes and also carried in-frame CDR3s. A polyclonal profile was seen in only 3/18 cases (16.7%). The remaining cases were found to carry clusters of identical rearrangements corresponding to distinct immunodominant clonotypes. The frequency of each clonotype was determined by dividing the number of identical sequences by the total number of subcloned sequences analyzed. In 10/18 cases (55.5%), the dominant clonotype accounted for 12.8–22.6% of the total, whereas in 5/18 cases (27.8%) it accounted for 34.2–68.4% of the total. The TRBV28 gene was used by the dominant clonotype of three different CIN cases; the TRBV10-2, TRBV10-3, TRB19, and TRBV7-8 genes were identified in the major clonotypes of two cases each. Importantly, cluster analysis of the CDR3 sequences of all CIN cases of the present study identified 4 different rearrangements that were shared by different patients (public clonotypes). In conclusion, the present study strongly suggests that CIN may result from an autoimmune reaction directed against granulocytic progenitors triggered by a restricted range of, as yet, unidentified antigen(s). The finding of public clonotypes may indicate that public antigenic stimuli and/or shared immune processes underlie CIN development, at least for a proportion of cases. Overall, our results further support the concept that CIN may share common pathophysiologic mechanisms with other disorders characterized by T-cell and cytokine mediated suppression of hematopoiesis, perhaps representing a milder extreme within the spectrum of these acquired immune-mediated BM failure syndromes. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Vardi, Anna, Maria Karipidou, Aikaterini Gemenetzi, Elissavet Vlachonikola, Vassileios Bikos, Evangelia Stalika, Eva Koravou, et al. "Next Generation Sequence Immunoprofiling of the T-Cell Repertoire in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Supports Selection By Shared Antigenic Elements." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.618.618.

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Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by remarkable skewing of the B-cell receptor immunoglobulin (BcR IG) repertoire, culminating in the existence of subsets of patients with stereotyped BcR IGs. This implies antigen selection in the natural history of CLL, ultimately affecting clonal behavior. Currently, limited information is available regarding the role of antigens in the selection and activation of cognate T cells, although this is relevant in light of B and T cell interactions inducing T cell tolerance. Our preliminary next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies in 11 patients assigned to stereotyped subset #4, a clinically indolent disease subgroup, indicated T-cell receptor beta chain (TRB) gene repertoire restriction and oligoclonality. Prompted by these observations, here we sought to obtain a comprehensive view of the T-cell repertoire in CLL by extending our analysis to 36 untreated CLL patients, either assigned to major stereotyped subsets [subset #4 (n=11), subset #1 (n=10), subset #2 (n=4), subset #16 (n=1)] or non-subset cases [with mutated-M (n=5) or unmutated-UM clonotypic BcR IGs (n=5)]. Starting material was PB mononuclear cells (n=27), purified CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subpopulations (n=10), bone marrow (n=2) or lymph node (LN) tissue (n=1). Three patients were studied overtime. Multiple sample and PCR replicates, as well as 3 age-matched healthy controls were also included. TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ gene rearrangements were amplified on cDNA (BIOMED2 protocol) and subjected to paired-end NGS, designed to cover the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) twice/sequence. In order to further increase the accuracy of results, raw NGS reads were subjected to a purpose-built, bioinformatics algorithm, performing: (i) length and quality filtering of raw reads; (ii) merging of filtered-in paired reads via local alignment; (iii) length and quality filtering of stitched sequences. No base calls of Q-score<30 were allowed in the 75 nucleotide stretch ahead of the FGXG motif, thus further increasing the CDR3 sequencing reliability. Filtered-in sequences were submitted to IMGT/HighV-QUEST, and metadata was processed by an in-house bioinformatics pipeline designed for clonotype computation and repertoire analysis. Overall, 66 samples were analyzed, producing 23,238,779 filtered-in sequences. Only productive, in-frame TRBV-TRBD-TRBJ rearrangements were included in the analysis (85.8% of filtered-in sequences, median 354,972/sample). For repertoire analysis, clonotypes (i.e. TRB rearrangements with identical TRBV gene usage and amino acid CDR3 sequence) were considered (median 37,550 distinct clonotypes/sample; 13,134 expanded versus 22,550 singletons). The distribution of TRBV genes was asymmetric with only 5 genes [TRBV12-3/12-4 (8.4%), TRBV19 (6.8%), TRBV29-1 (6.6%), TRBV5-1 (6.1%), TRBV6-5 (5.2%)] collectively accounting for one-third of the repertoire, indicating functional constraints. No significant TRBV gene repertoire difference was identified across the different immunogenetic CLL subgroups analyzed. In contrast, significant (p<0.001) differences were seen between CD8+ versus CD4+ cells regarding certain genes (e.g. over-representation of TRBV7-2 in CD4+ and under-representation of TRBV5-1 in CD8+ cells), alluding to distinct immune selective processes. Notably, the TRB repertoire was significantly more oligoclonal in CLL compared to the healthy controls (median frequency of the predominant clonotype: 5.7% versus 1.27%, respectively, p<0.05), albeit with differences between cases with distinct BcR IG, perhaps reflecting their different immunopathogenesis. Overtime analysis showed persistence of most major clonotypes in 2/3 cases studied, likely in a context of persistent antigenic stimulation. Cluster analysis of all CLL cases identified 17,592 different clonotypes (excluding singletons) shared by different patients and not present in the healthy controls, arguing in favor of a disease-biased immunoprofile; formal proof of this claim will require analysis of a larger number of healthy controls, currently underway by our group. In conclusion, massive parallel sequencing documents the restricted nature of the TRB repertoire in CLL, supporting selection by shared antigenic elements. Whether these are the same antigens interacting with the malignant clone remains to be elucidated. Disclosures Stamatopoulos: Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Research Funding.
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Deng, Jingti, Christian H. James, Lisa Patel, Alberto Smith, Kevin G. Burnand, Hassan Rahmoune, Jonathan R. Lamb, and Bill Davis. "Human tribbles homologue 2 is expressed in unstable regions of carotid plaques and regulates macrophage IL-10 in vitro." Clinical Science 116, no. 3 (January 8, 2009): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20080058.

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Mammalian orthologues of the Drosophila tribbles protein (Trb1, Trb2 and Trb3) are a recently described family of signalling molecules that regulate gene expression by modulation of protein kinase signalling pathways. In the present study, a screen for mRNA species specifically regulated in vulnerable regions of human atherosclerotic plaque demonstrated the up-regulation of both Trb1 and Trb2, the latter by more than 8-fold. In vitro experiments in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages showed that Trb2 expression was up-regulated by treatment with oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and that expression of recombinant Trb2 specifically reduced macrophage levels of IL-10 (interleukin-10) mRNA. Our results thus identify Trb2 as a highly regulated gene in vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions, and demonstrate inhibition of macrophage IL-10 biosynthesis as a potential pro-inflammatory consequence of high Trb2 expression, which may contribute to plaque instability.
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Włodarczyk, Adam, and Wiesław Jerzy Cubała. "Safety and Tolerability of Ketamine Use in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression Patients with Regard to Central Nervous System Symptomatology: Literature Review and Analysis." Medicina 56, no. 2 (February 9, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020067.

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The current psychopharmacological treatment approaches for major depression focus on monoaminergic interventions, which are ineffective in a large proportion of patients. Globally, treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBD) affects up to 33% of depressive patients receiving treatment. Certain needs are still unmet and require new approaches. Many studies are in favor of treatments with ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, even in single use, whose effects emerge in minutes to hours post administration. However, little data are available on ketamine performance in TRBD patients with somatic comorbidities, including highly prevalent ones, i.e., cardiovascular disease (heart failure, hypertension, post-myocardial infarct, arrhythmias, etc.) diabetes, and obesity, and depression-associated comorbidities such as stroke, epilepsy, as well as in the elderly population. The literature shows that treatment with ketamine is efficacious and safe, and the majority of adverse drug reactions are mild and tend to mostly disappear within 30 min to 2 h of ketamine administration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trbd"

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Havrylenko, Svitlana. "Les complexes supramoléculaires d'aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases impliqués dans la machinerie traductionnelle : du nématode à l'homme." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112212.

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Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié l'organisation structurale des aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases (aaRSs), enzymes responsables de la lecture du code génétique, chez l'homme et chez le nématode Caenorhabditis elegans. Ces études ont porté sur l'analyse d'une synthétase individuelle, la méthionyl-ARNt synthétase de C. Elegans, sur la caractérisation des complexes multisynthétasiques du nématode, et sur l'organisation subcellulaire des aaRSs dans la cellule humaine. La MetRS-Ce possède une longue extension polypeptidique C-terminale. Elle représente la fusion entre une MetRS minimale bactérienne et une composante du complexe multienzymatiques d'aaRSs (MARS) humain, la protéine p43. Pour déterminer le rôle de ce domaine, deux formes enzymatiques, surproduites chez E. Coli, ont été purifiées. Les paramètres cinétiques et j'affinité pour l'ARNt de la forme native et d'une forme délétée de son domaine C-terminal ont été déterminés. L'extension C-terminale de la MetRS-Ce, est un domaine fonctionnel de liaison des ARNt (tRBD). Bien que les tRBD des MetRS-Ce et MetRS-Hs ne soient pas orthologues, ils confèrent à la MetRS les mêmes propriétés séquestrantes de l'aa-ARNt, révélant un phénomène d'évolution convergente. Nous avons recherché l'existence de complexes multisynthétasiques chez le nématode C. Elegans. Sur l'arbre phylogénétique des métazoaires, C. Elegans appartient à l'embranchement des protostomes, distinct de la branche des deutérostomes conduisant à l'homme. L'analyse d'extraits de C. Elegans sur tamis moléculaire a montré que certaines aaRSs, dont la MetRS, se comportent comme des protéines de haute masse moléculaire. Nous avons isolé les partenaires de la MetRS par immunoprécipitation à l'aide d'anticorps dirigés contre la forme tronquée. Ils ont été identifiés par LC-MS/MS. Le complexe MARS-Ce comprend 8 aaRS. Ces résultats permettent de proposer un schéma d'évolution des structures multisynthétasiques, partant de la plus simple, le complexe à deux aaRS de la levure S. Cerevisiae, pour aboutir à la plus complexe connue à ce jour, le complexe MARS humain à neuf aaRS. Parmi les protéines associées à MARS-Ce, nous avons identifié le produit du gène mrsp-38, jusqu'à présent sans fonction connue, à la protéine d'échafaudage du complexe. L'analyse d'une souche mutante de C. Elegans, portant une délétion au niveau de ce gène, a révélé l'importance de l'intégrité de cette protéine pour l'association des composantes de MARS-Ce. Ce travail avait été initié chez C. Elegans car ce ver permet des études fonctionnelles in vivo dans un organisme multicellulaire. En combinant les outils d'extinction du gène endogène par RNAi et d'expression de transgènes après transformation par biolistique, nous avons pu tester in vivo si l'organisation en complexe MARS est essentielle au développement d'un organisme multicellulaire. Nous avons montré que seules les copies de MetRS qui s'associent à MARS-Ce complémentent une inactivation de la copie endogène. Des protéines ribosomales ont été copurifiées avec MARS-Ce. Chez l'homme, MARS-Hs est également associé de façon transitoire à d'autres composants cellulaires, les polysomes et les filaments d'actine. Nous avons montré que l'association aux polysomes n'est observable que dans un contexte de synthèse protéique active, lorsque des cellules HeLa sont en phase exponentielle de croissance. De même, la désorganisation du complexe MARS-Hs par siRNA s'accompagne d'un phénotype de retard de croissance, lié à une diminution de l'efficacité traductionnelle. Ces données révèlent l'importance de l'organisation subcellulaire de l'appareil de traduction des eucaryotes supérieurs
This thesis is dedicated to the study of structural organization of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), a family of enzymes responsible for establishing the genetic code, in human and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Ln particular, our studies concerned the analysis of structure-function relationships of MetRS of C. Elegans, the characterization of multisynthetase complexes in the nematode, and the deciphering of subcellular organization of aaRS in human cells. MetRS of C. Elegans (MetRS-Ce) possesses a long C-terminal polypeptide extension. This enzyme represents the fusion between a minimal bacterial MetRS and a component of human MARS complex, the p43 protein. Ln order to determine the role of this domain, we purified two forms of the protein, the full-Iength species and a ΔC-truncated derivative, to determine their catalytic parameters in tRNA aminoacylation reaction and their relative affinity for tRNA. The C-terminal extension of MetRS-Ce is a functional tRNA-binding domain (tRBD). The tRBDs of human and nematode MetRS have distinct structural folds. They are not orthologs but they provide MetRS with similar tRNA-sequestering properties. Thus, functional convergence of human and nematode MetRS is the result of parallel and convergent evolution that might have been triggered by the selective pressure to invent processivity of tRNA handling in translation in higher eukaryotes. We searched for the presence of supramolecular complexes of aaRS in the nematode C. Elegans. According to metazoan phylogeny, C. Elegans belongs to protostomes, a phylum distinct from the deuterostome branch leading to H. Sapiens. The analysis of C. Elegans extracts by gel-filtration showed that some aaRS, among which MetRS, behave as high-molecular mass entities. We isolated the partners of MetRS-Ce by immunoprecipitation. They were identified by LC-MS/MS. MARS-Ce complex contains 8 aaRS. Its distinct composition gives insight into possible evolution pathways that led to the emergence of the MARS complex containing 9 aaRS in human, statting From the two-component complex in the yeast S. Cerevisiae. Among the proteins associated with MARS-Ce, we identified the product of the mrsp-38 gene of unknown function, to the scaffold protein of the complex. The analysis of a mutant strain carrying a deletion in the 3'end of this gene revealed the importance of integrity of this protein for association of MARS-Ce components. This work was initiated in C. Elegans in part due to the feasibility of functional studies in vivo in a multicellular organism. By combining tools of extinction of the endogenous gene by RNAi and ectopic expression of transgenic variants of MetRS, we couId test in vivo if the assembly into the MARS complex is essential for growth of a multicellular organism. We found that only copies of MetRS-Ce that associate with MARS-Ce complement the inactivation of the endogenous copy. Ribosomal proteins were copurified with MARS-Ce. Ln human, MARS-Hs is also transiently associated with other subcellular components, polysomes and actin filaments. We showed that association with polysomes can only be observed in exponentially growing HeLa cells, in the context of active protein synthesis. Also, disruption of the MARS complex by siRNA is accompanied with a growth retardation phenotype, which is related to a decreased rate of protein synthesis. These data reveal the importance of subcellular organization of translation machinery in higher eukaryotes
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Sandgren, Østenstad Jofrid. "Kunskapens träd." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228850.

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Min första tanke när vi skulle göra skola var att jag ville skapa en rolig skola med en spännande miljö, som inspirerar till nyfikenhet och lust att lära. Jag hade en ambition om att fylla skolan med roliga detaljer att upptäcka. I löpet av projektet har jag försökt föreställa mig hur byggnaden skulle upplevas av ett barn. Både på tomten och intill finns en hel del fin natur. Särskilt tyckte jag om en kulle på tomten, där jag kunde föreställa mig att man som barn skulle vilja klättra upp och leka. Jag valde därför att bygga på andra sidan av tomten. Parkeringsplatser och leveranser lade jag nära vägen, så skolgården vänder mot den lugnare sidan. Gränsen mot skogen är mindre tydlig, eftersom det är en bra plats att leka, och kan kanske fungera som en fortsättning av skolgården. et symbolska “kunskapens träd” blev en bärande ide i gestaltningen. Iden kom först i det centrala trapphuset, där en stor pelare format som ett träd bär upp en glaskupol längst upp. Jag ville gärna ha en huvudentre, eftersom det kändes som ett grepp som skulle verka samlande för skolan identitet. Trädet representerar det organiska, naturen, kunskapen och att växa. Annars försökte jag använda ganska enkla former, som cirklar och rektanglar. Cirkeln får symbolisera helhet och jämvikt medan det fyrkantiga och raka uttrycker rationalitet och tydlighet. I själva verket kan trädet beskrivas som en syntes av dessa två - det organiska kan beskrivas med geometriska former, och innehåller både raka och svängda element. Detta kommer kanske allra tydligast fram i hemvisterna, där en rad raka pelare står i kontrast till en slingrande tegelvägg.
My ambition in this project has been to make an exciting and inspiraing school, filled with interesting detail to discover. Throughout the project, I tried imagining how a child would experience the building.  There is a lot of nice nature at Mälarängen. I particularily liked a small hill on the lot. Therefore, I decided to place the building on the other side.  The symbolic "Tree of Knowledge" became a central idea in the process. Starting with the cetral staircase, where a large pillar shaped like a tree holds up a large glass cupola in the ceiling, the concept spread to the rest of the building as well. I wanted a main entry, as I fealt it would create a sense of toghetherness within the school.  The tree represents the the organic, nature, knowledge and growth. Other than that, I decided to try to stick to simple shapes like the circle and straight lines/squares. The circle symbolises wholeness and equality, while the straight lines express rationality and clarity.
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Bjurström, Maria. "Ett träd och dess liv : Förskolebarns uppfattningar om träd." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3596.

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The aim of this study was to investigate preschool children's perceptions of trees in and it was done through qualitative interviews. The children were drawing trees and told me what the tree needs to grow and what happens to the leaves in autumn. In a playful way, they learned more about trees and the purpose was also to examine whether they had acquired new experiences and thoughts on the trees, photosynthesis and decomposition. Then the children were interviewed again to see if their answers were different. The results showed that the children gave different answers at the second interview. All the children knew from the beginning that the tree has a stem and need water, but at the second interview results showed that the majority of children had adopt the new knowledge and learned that the trees also need nourishment and that the leaves on the ground is decomposed. Thus they had learned more after our common playful lesson. The conclusion is that they adopted the new knowledge and developed their ideas and experiences.

 

Keywords: preschool children, photosynthesis, decomposition, learning game

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Skagerlund, Marie. "Barns kunskaper om träd : Vad vet fyraåringar och sexåringar om träd." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-27604.

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Östlund, Elin. "Träd, Miljö och Människor : Om konsten att välja träd efter platsens förutsättningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8349.

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Werme, Linda. "Barns lärande – Om träd." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Mathematics, Natural and Computer Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3406.

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Med naturen och Learning study modellen som inspirationskällor har jag arbetat med tema träd under två veckor på en förskola med barn i åldrarna 3 – 6 år. För att tydligt kunna synliggöra barnets lärande har för- och eftertester varit en del av metodarbetet. Testerna genomfördes med hjälp av intervjuer. Barnen fick även rita teckningar av ett träd både vid förtestet och eftertestet. Detta som ett ytterligare komplement för att kunna se deras kunskapsutveckling. Under dessa två veckor mellan för- och eftertestet deltog barnen i olika aktiviteter på ett lekfullt och lustfyllt sätt. Genom hela arbetet användes en handdocka i form av en ekorre. Handdockan gjorde att även de barn som var lite reserverade vågade prata och ställa frågor. Vidare användes även olika lekar såsom tillexempel memory och Kims lek. Utifrån den här studien med inspiration från Learning study metoden kan man konstatera att barnens kunskap inom temat träd har utvecklats.

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Strandell, Emma. "Barns tankar om träd : ett pedagogiskt material om träd för barn i förskolan." Thesis, University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-6949.

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Ett pedagogiskt material om träd i vår närmiljö har tillverkats och testats i en barngrupp med 22 barn och tre pedagoger. Studiens syfte var att söka svar på förskolebarns tankar om träd som fenomen, både före och efter att materialet testats och om deras tankar eventuellt förändrades. Pedagogernas syn på materialets användbarhet inom förskolan har varit en del i utvärderingen kring materialets användbarhet.  Intervjuer med både barn och pedagoger har genomförts. För att ta del av deras olika tankar har studien haft en fenomenografisk ansats. Av studiens resultat framgår att pedagogerna anser att materialet är intressant och lärorikt och att det lämpar sig för förskolan men även förskoleklass och skolan. Att barnens tankar i viss mån förändrades framgår av analyserna av intervjuerna. En annan slutsats av studien är att pedagogernas syn på naturvetenskap och lärsituationer kan variera beroende på vilket teoretiskt perspektiv de utgår ifrån.

                                                                           

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Enberg, Stefan. "Kontextberoende generering av träd för dataspel." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-49.

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Rapporten undersöker om kontextberoende generering av träd är lämpligt att använda i dataspel. I arbetet presenteras ett system som möjliggör procedurell generering av träd som omgivningen kan påverka. De faktorer som inverkar på trädets grenstruktur är solljus, vind och gravitation. Projektet bidrar med en lösning till att minska utvecklingstiderna för dataspel genom att möjliggöra att trädmodeller algoritmiskt genereras i datorn istället för att de modelleras av en artist.

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Tahmasebi, Aria. "Teknikutveckling för att strypa träd : Superklämman." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148324.

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Skogen står för produktion av naturresurser samtidigt som den är viktig för inbindning av koldioxid från atmosfären. Därmed finns det många intressenter för forskning kring trädens tillväxt och ekologi. Fotosyntesen är den process varvid koldioxid ifrån atmosfären omvandlas till kolhydrater (socker) som sedan utgör grunden för trädens tillväxt. Det finns många frågor om trädens tillväxt och ekologi som kan undersökas om man kan kontrollera flödet av kol från bladen till rötterna. Detta görs genom att tillverka en klämma som kan hålla ett jämnt tryck runt trädets stam. Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), som är beställare för detta arbete, har inte lyckat lösa alla kraven som de vill åstadkomma med tidigare utrustning som kallas superklämman. Detta arbete är intressant för forskare runt världen eftersom det öppnar möjligheter för att forska på flera olika koltransportrelaterade processer i träd. I detta arbete studerades den klämma som SLU senast använde för att lösa klämmans tekniska problem. Teorier, finita elementanalys och tester utförs därefter för att lösa problemet på bästa sätt. Denna originalklämma utvecklas till en mycket starkare och stabilare klämma. Resultatet för den nya klämman blev att den klarar av att behålla trycket konstant. Den gav ett jämnare tryck än originalsuperklämma runt trädstammen och den är återanvändningsbar. Alla förutom ett krav blev utförda. Det krav som inte blev utfört, berodde tidsbrist. Det inträffade några motgångar under arbetet och allt gick inte som planerat, men i slutändan så blev resultatet lyckat.
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Romedahl, Isabelle. "Inget träd får växa till himmelen." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23130.

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I februari 2014 valde Världsnaturfonden (WWF) att ge Nordhavsräkan rött ljus med motiveringen att det i första hand görs dåliga beståndsuppskattningar. Beslutet har skapat heta debatter inom svenskt räkfiske där många intressenter är involverade med olika åsikter och synpunkter. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa förståelse för hur storskaliga yrkesfiskare ser på fisket som verksamhet men även deras uppfattning om den nuvarande förvaltningen i Skagerrak och Kattegatt. I studien intervjuades totalt fem svenska och danska storskaliga yrkesfiskare som bottentrålar i Skagerrak och Kattegatt. I studien presenteras räkfisket i fyra teman; ideologiska positioner, förvaltning, glappet mellan teoretisk och praktisk kunskap samt synen på naturen. Konflikterna inom räkfisket är komplexa, men vad fisket som verksamhet har för värde präglar stora delar av konflikterna. Är fisket en verksamhet som har värde i att förbli småskalig eller bör yrkesfisket expandera och moderniseras?
In February of 2014, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) chose to give Northern Shrimp a red light primarily based upon poor stock assessments. The decision has created a heated debate within the Swedish shrimp fisheries, where many stakeholders with differing opinions and points of view are involved. The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of the views of large-scale commercial fisherman on these types of activities, but also to gain perspective on their perception of the current administration in Skagerrak and Kattegat. Interviews were made with a total of five Swedish and Danish large-scale commercial fishermen who operate bottom trawls in Skagerrak and Kattegat. The study presents the shrimp fishery in four themes; ideological positions, management, the gap between theoretical and practical knowledge and perception of nature. Though the conflict is complex, the value of fishery activity underlies large parts of the conflict. Is fishing an activity that has a value in remaining small and quaint, or is it a business that should be expanded and modernized?
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Books on the topic "Trbd"

1

Iulianii͡a. Trud ikonopist͡sa. Moskva: Svi͡ato-Troit͡skai͡a Sergieva lavra, 1995.

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Sredkova, Krasimira. Izvŭnreden trud. Sofii͡a︡: Nauka i izkustvo, 1989.

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Ki͡uranov, Chavdar. Rŭchnii͡at trud. Sofii͡a: Izd-vo na Bŭlgarskata akademii͡a na naukite, 1988.

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Platonov, Oleg. Russkiĭ trud. Moskva: "Sovremennik", 1991.

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Trud zhenshchin. 2nd ed. Moskva: Profizdat, 1987.

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Iulianii︠a︡. Trud ikonopist︠s︡a. Moskva: Svi︠a︡to-Troit︠s︡kai︠a︡ Sergieva lavra, 1998.

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(Federation), Russia. Trud molodezhi. Moskva: Infra-M, 1999.

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Monnin, Françoise. Emilio Trad. Gand, Belgique: Snoeck, 2007.

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Sokolova, M. Trud ikonopist︠s︡a. Moskva: Svi︠a︡to-Troĭt︠s︡kai︠a︡ Sergieva Lavra, 1998.

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Abramova, A. A. Trud zhenshchin. 2nd ed. Moskva: Profizdat, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trbd"

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Gonçalves, João, Helena Soares, Norman L. Eberhardt, Sarah C. R. Lummis, David R. Soto-Pantoja, David D. Roberts, Umadas Maitra, et al. "TRB." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1929. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101399.

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Turiault, Marc, Caroline Cohen, Guy Griebel, David E. Nichols, Britta Hahn, Gary Remington, Ronald F. Mucha, et al. "TRD." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1339. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4611.

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Schimmelpfennig, Markus. "Biostoffverordnung/TRBA (=BGR) 250." In Hygiene – Pflege – Recht, 22–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30007-3_5.

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Wriedt, Hartmut. "Transientensimulation Elektrischer Netzwerke Mit TRBDF." In Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of Electrical Circuits and Semiconductor Devices, 133–42. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8528-7_11.

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Gravil, Richard. "‘The Steps which I have Trod’." In Wordsworth’s Bardic Vocation, 1787–1842, 245–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230510333_13.

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Nevski, P. "Electron Identification with TRD at Future Colliders." In New Technologies for Supercolliders, 77–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1360-1_7.

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Esnard, Talia, and Deirdre Cobb-Roberts. "The Stony Road We Trod: Black Women, Education, and Tenure." In Black Women, Academe, and the Tenure Process in the United States and the Caribbean, 1–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89686-1_1.

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De, Nabanita, and Ian J. MacRae. "Purification and Assembly of Human Argonaute, Dicer, and TRBP Complexes." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 107–19. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-046-1_8.

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Iwaniszewski, Stanisław. "TRB Megalithic Tombs and Long Barrows in Central Europe." In Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, 1299–305. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_124.

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Spandau, Ulrich, and Zoran Tomic. "Advanced Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Tractional Retinal Detachment (TRD)." In Small-Gauge Vitrectomy for Diabetic Retinopathy, 207–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14787-1_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trbd"

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Hariri, Alireza, and Jean W. Zu. "Design of a Tissue Resonator Indenter Device for Measurement of Soft Tissue Viscoelastic Properties Using Parametric Identification." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87786.

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The design of a new device called Tissue Resonator Indenter Device (TRID) for measuring soft tissue viscoelastic properties is presented. The two degrees-of-freedom device works based on mechanical vibration principles. When TRID comes into contact with a soft tissue, it can identify the tissue’s viscoelastic properties through the change of the device’s natural frequencies and damping ratios. In this paper, the deign of TRID is presented assuming Kelvin model for tissues. By working in the linear viscoelastic domain, TRID is designed to identify tissue properties in the range of 0–100 Hz. Assuming Kelvin model for tissues, the current paper develops a method for determining unknown tissue parameters using input-output data from TRID. Moreover, it is proved that the TRID’s parameters as well as the Kelvin tissue model parameters are globally identifiable. A parametric identification method using the prediction error approach is proposed for identifying the unknown tissue parameters in a grey-box state-space model. The reliability and effectiveness of the method for measuring soft tissue’s viscoelastic properties is demonstrated through simulation in the presence of considerable input and output noises.
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Jia, Ming, Jean W. Zu, and Alireza Hariri. "Reliability Investigation of Tissue Resonator Indenter Device." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4073.

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Knowledge of tissue mechanical properties is widely required by medical applications, such as disease diagnostics, surgery operation, simulation, planning, and training. A new portable device, called Tissue Resonator Indenter Device (TRID), has been developed for measurement of regional viscoelastic properties of soft tissues at the Bio-instrument and Biomechanics Lab of the University of Toronto. As a device for soft tissue properties in-vivo measurements, the reliability of TRID is crucial. This paper presents TRID’s working principle and the experimental study of TRID’s reliability with respect to inter-reliability, intra-reliability, and the indenter misalignment effect as well. The experimental results show that TRID is a reliable device for in-vivo measurements of soft tissue mechanical properties.
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Kawasaki, Nobuchika, Tomoyoshi Watakabe, Takashi Wakai, Tomohiko Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Fukasawa, and Shigeki Okamura. "Development of Seismic Isolation Systems for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors in Japan." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63437.

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Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs) have components with thinner walls as compared with light water reactors, although Japan is an earthquake-prone country. Thus, seismic isolation systems have been conventionally employed in SFR system design to reduce seismic forces on the systems in Japan. Implementation of seismic design in the reactor core and buckling design in the reactor vessel requires 8 Hz (or less) vertical frequency’s isolation system being applied. This paper introduces three isolation concepts to achieve the frequency. The isolation systems, which enable vertical 8 Hz natural frequency, comprise thicker laminated rubber bearings (TRBs). By combining coned disk springs with TRBs, vertical natural frequency is in a range from roughly 3 Hz to 5 Hz. Combining pneumatic springs to RBs and adding the rocking suppression system, vertical natural frequency becomes under 1 Hz. All isolation systems need horizontal damping like oil dampers. A vertical 8 Hz isolation system with TRBs and oil dampers is under development in Japan as a principal isolation concept. This system was selected because of its simple configuration and fewer issues to be resolved in the development. Since TRBs and oil dampers are basic isolation elements, they can be applied to other isolation systems. The response acceleration of 5 Hz vertical isolation is 50% of that of 8 Hz based on the analytical survey. A series of static tests of coned disk springs was carried out to confirm design equations. Based on these knowledge, 5 Hz vertical isolation system with TRBs and the coned disk springs can be designed. The response acceleration of 1 Hz vertical isolation is 10% of that of 8 Hz. A rocking suppression system was studied in the past, and the further simplification of this system is the largest challenge for this concept. These three isolation concepts are isolation candidates for SFRs in Japan. To obtain enough seismic margins for each plant site, these isolation systems need to be developed.
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Pourtaherian, Arash, Rob G. J. Wijnhoven, and Peter H. N. de With. "TROD: Tracking with occlusion handling and drift correction." In 2013 20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2013.6738503.

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Zheng, Zimu, Yuqi Wang, Quanyu Dai, Huadi Zheng, and Dan Wang. "Metadata-driven Task Relation Discovery for Multi-task Learning." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/615.

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Task Relation Discovery (TRD), i.e., reveal the relation of tasks, has notable value: it is the key concept underlying Multi-task Learning (MTL) and provides a principled way for identifying redundancies across tasks. However, task relation is usually specifically determined by data scientist resulting in the additional human effort for TRD, while transfer based on brute-force methods or mere training samples may cause negative effects which degrade the learning performance. To avoid negative transfer in an automatic manner, our idea is to leverage commonly available context attributes in nowadays systems, i.e., the metadata. In this paper, we, for the first time, introduce metadata into TRD for MTL and propose a novel Metadata Clustering method, which jointly uses historical samples and additional metadata to automatically exploit the true relatedness. It also avoids the negative transfer by identifying reusable samples between related tasks. Experimental results on five real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for MTL with TRD, and particularly useful in complicated systems with diverse metadata but insufficient data samples. In general, this study helps in automatic relation discovery among partially related tasks and sheds new light on the development of TRD in MTL through the use of metadata as apriori information.
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Cherry, M. L., T. G. Guzik, J. Isbert, and J. P. Wefel. "Optimizing the TRD design for ACCESS." In Space technology and applications international forum -1999. AIP, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57580.

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Garbin, Ed, James Hussin, and Chikashi Kami. "Earth Retention Using the TRD Method." In Earth Retention Conference (ER) 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41128(384)31.

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Meyer, Andrew, Jessica M. Fritz, and Gerald F. Harris. "TRID Cranial Analysis During Rear Impact Simulation With MADYMO." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206165.

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Early studies of cranial kinematics were primarily limited to sagittal plane assessments of motion secondary to impact in volunteers, models, anthropometric dummies and human specimens [1]. With advances in instrumentation and imaging technology, more relevant studies of three dimensional (3-D) motion began to emerge. More complex 3-D head kinematics were first quantified with arrays of precisely positioned multi-axis accelerometers [1]. This evolution in quantitative ability has continued to the present time with the application of high speed motion capture systems and more sophisticated mathematical models.
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Meyer, Andrew R., Jessica M. Fritz, and Gerald F. Harris. "TRID Cervical Analysis During Rear Impact Simulation With MADYMO." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206177.

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The ability to determine cervical Injury Assessment Reference Values (IARVs) is the result of contributions extending over the past several decades [1–7]. These studies confirm that lower speed impact analyses require careful assessment of mechanical and biomechanical parameters in order to examine body segmental effects. Mechanical and biomechanical metrics are included in an analysis to account for complexities of occupant and vehicle coupling. The purpose of this work is to describe the IARV results of a series of controlled lower speed rear impacts applied to a restrained, 50th percentile TRID male occupant.
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Kuznetsov, N. D., V. N. Orlov, and K. V. Kahovsky. "Development of High Efficient Industrial Gas Turbine Engines Based on NK-Series Aeroengine Family." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-377.

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The paper gives principles of aeroengines conversion into industrial gas turbines. New constructive solutions for designing gas turbines with thermal efficiency 38% are discussed. Data are based on KSPA “TRUD” experience of NK-12 and NK-8 aeroengines conversion.
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Reports on the topic "Trbd"

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Droemer, Darryl, Stuart Baker, and Logan Fegenbush. FY19 L2 MRT 6744 Milestone Completion: Digital Time-Resolved Spot Diagnostic (D-TRSD). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569860.

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Boyle, Timothy J., Leigh Anna M. Ottley, Pin Yang, Ching-Fong Chen, Margaret R. Sanchez, and Nelson Simmons Bell. Fabrication of large-volume, low-cost ceramic lanthanum halide scintillators for gamma ray detection : final report for DHS/DNDO/TRDD project TA-01-SL01. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/945900.

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Shaw, C. P. References for HNF-SD-WM-TRD-007, ``System specification for the double-shell tank system: HNF-PROs, CFRs, DOE Orders, WACs``. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362430.

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