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Journal articles on the topic 'Treaties, 1855'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Richards, Kent. "The Stevens Treaties of 1854-1855." Oregon Historical Quarterly 106, no. 3 (2005): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ohq.2005.0012.

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Beillevaire, Patrick, Gaston R. Demarée, and Takehiko Mikami. "La campagne en Asie orientale de Jean Barthe, chirurgien naval, météorologue et naturaliste (1855-1857)." Bulletin des Séances - Mededelingen der Zittingen 64, no. 1 (2020): 103–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3980754.

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Médecin-chirurgien de la marine française, mais aussi météorologue et naturaliste, Jean Barthe (1814-1866) participe aux dernières opérations menées conjointement en 1855 et 1856 par les flottes britannique et française contre les navires et les défenses russes sur le front extrême-oriental de la guerre de Crimée. Embarqué successivement sur les frégates La Virginie et La Sibylle, il visite notamment Hakodate (au sud d’Hokkaidō), à peine ouverte aux étrangers, l’île d&rsquo

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GAIMARI, STEPHEN D., and VERA C. SILVA. "A conspectus of Neotropical Lauxaniidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea)." Zootaxa 4862, no. 1 (2020): 1–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4862.1.1.

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A fully annotated catalog of genus- and species-group names of Neotropical Lauxaniidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) is presented, providing details of references to these names in literature, and providing additional details such as distributions, generic combinations, synonymies, misspellings and emendations, information on types, notes on unusual situations, etc. As this catalog is meant to supplement the older Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico, to complete the cataloging of the New World Lauxaniidae, “Neotropical” is herein inclusive of everything south of the United States, and

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4

Dodgen, Randall. "Book Review: The Opening of Japan, 1853–1855: A Comparative Study of the American, British and Russian Campaigns to Force the Tokugawa Shogunate to Conclude Treaties and Open Ports to Their Ships." International Journal of Maritime History 21, no. 1 (2009): 403–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140902100144.

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Shkunov, V. N. "The aboriginal population of the Far East in the Russian-Japanese trade in the 18th – 19th centuries (based on pre-revolutionary sources)." Japanese Studies in Russia, no. 2 (July 17, 2025): 53–68. https://doi.org/10.55105/2500-2872-2025-2-53-68.

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The article is devoted to the definition of the role and importance of the participation of the indigenous peoples of the Far East in the formation and development of Russian-Japanese trade during the 18th – 19th centuries. The traditional crafts of the aborigines of the Far Eastern Territory were of undoubted interest to Russian entrepreneurs who sought to expand trade relations with neighboring Japan. Before the conclusion of the Treaty of Shimoda in 1855, Russian merchants in need of certain goods resorted to the intermediary services of the Ainu, who exchanged Japanese goods for Russian on

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Boyer, Tashina. "18 Broken Treaties." Fourth World Journal 25, no. 1 (2025): 429–32. https://doi.org/10.63428/x3s41f03.

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“18 Broken Treaties” is a piece that explores the lasting effects of the 18 treaties that were signed by 122 California Native American tribes between 1851 and 1852. These treaties were never ratified by Congress and never signed by the President. California has not made amends for this, which left many tribes without land or protection. California representatives influenced the U.S. Senate’s decision and ordered that the broken treaties be hidden for 50 years. My erasure-style poem is designed to bring these broken treaties to the front and center while adding my voice and my experience to th

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Rábano Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Isabel. "The mining engineer Manuel Fernández de Castro y Suero and his privilege of invention (1853) to avoid railway accidents." Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas 45, no. 91 (2023): 145–57. https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2022.45.91.rabano.

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A less studied dimension of the mining engineer Manuel Fernández de Castro’s biography is his facet as an inventor. In 1853 he registered as a privilege of invention, both in Spain, France and England, a system of electrical signals to avoid accidents in trains that were traveling in the opposite direction on the same track, or that encountered an obstacle on it. It was the first device of these characteristics that was invented in Spain. After its implementation in 1855 and facing discrepancies with English and French inventors, Fernández de Castro gave its privilege to the State. He was also

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Festeu, Adriana. "Laure Cinti-Damoreau’s Méthode de Chant - Xploring a Historic Voice Treatise." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Musica 69, no. 1 (2024): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmusica.2024.1.02.

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The aim of the article is to establish potential uses for historical voice treatises, which are currently overlooked. The analysis of Laure Cinti-Damoreau’s voice method (1853) reveals a complex system of voice exercises, which aims to train every aspect of operatic singing: from developing breath management, to mastering seamless legato as well as complex coloratura phrases. The exercises are accompanied by simple chord progressions – which singers were often presumed to be able to play themselves. While this treatise does not contain any written explanations its value lies in the intricacy o

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Andreev, Alexander Alekseevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "LISTER Joseph (1827-1912). To the 190th of the birthday." Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 10, no. 2 (2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2017-10-2-175.

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Joseph Lister – the largest English surgeon and scientist, the founder of antiseptics, President of the Royal society of surgeons, a member of the house of lords. Joseph Lister was born on 5 apr 1827 in England. In 1844 he graduated from high school, and in 1852, the medical faculty of the University of London and was appointed resident assistant College University hospital. The first scientific work of Lister was published in 1852 and was dedicated to the structure of the iris of the eye and its muscles. Soon Lister began working in the clinic of Professor George. Syme in Edinburgh and publis

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Flanagan, Thomas E. "The History of Metis Aboriginal Rights: Politics, Principle, and Policy." Canadian journal of law and society 5 (1990): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100001721.

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Abstract This article gives a schematic overview of metis aboriginal rights from the Huron and Superior Treaties of 1850 to the Mackenzie Valley Treaty of 1921. It traces the evolution of federal policy in several stages: treating Metis as Indians, followed by individual grants of land, scrip and money. Pragmatism and expediency led to many inconsistencies in policy, but there were also pressures of administrative precedent favouring rationalization. Awareness of this history is essential in determining what metis aboriginal rights, if any, are still “existing” under s. 25 of the Constitution

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Kajimura, Toru. "History of Japan’s chart production in 150 years." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-157-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In 1853, the United States sent Commodore Perry with 4 warships to Japan, and urged opening the country to the world. Since then, Japan had entered into treaties of commerce with Western nations, and opened the ports for these nations. However, Japan was in military disadvantage with other nations having charting knowledge of Japan and it surroundings. As a result, a decision was made to establish chart production capabilities in Japan in the view of the national security. Soon after, the Japanese chief military commander opened two naval officer

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Dörflová, Yvetta. "Tlumok sběratele. Zápisníky Boženy Němcové." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 65, no. 3-4 (2020): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/amnpsc.2020.032.

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Less-known sources on the life and work of Božena Němcová include her notebooks. She probably had a large number of them, but only four have been preserved, of which one has been published in its entirety. The remaining ones have been issued in fragments. Němcová used three notebooks during her travels to Slovakia. She recorded the course of the trip and experiences from her stay in two, in the larger of which, entitled Zápisky z cest do Uher [Notes from Trips to Hungary], she also wrote ethnographic notes, especially fairy tales and children’s games, and excerpts from contemporary literature

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Topham, Jonathan. "Science and popular education in the 1830s: the role of theBridgewater Treatises." British Journal for the History of Science 25, no. 4 (1992): 397–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400029587.

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As is widely known, theBridgewater Treatises on the Power, Wisdom and Goodness of God as Manifested in the Creation(1833–36) were commissioned in accordance with a munificent bequest of the eighth Earl of Bridgewater, the Rev. Francis Henry Egerton (1756–1829), and written by seven leading men of science, together with one prominent theological commentator. Less widely appreciated is the extent to which theBridgewater Treatisesrank among the scientific best-sellers of the early nineteenth century. Their varied blend of natural theology and popular science attracted extraordinary contemporary i

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Fournier, Kiss Corinne. "Traktaty pedagogiczne Honoraty z Wiśniowskich Zapovej i Klementyny z Tańskich Hoffmanowej – inspiracja czy przeróbka? [The pedagogical treatises of Honorata Zapová born Wiśniowska and Klementyna Hoffmanowa born Tańska]." Napis XIX (2013) (December 29, 2013): 385–97. https://doi.org/10.18318/napis.2013.1.23.

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As is well known, the long-lasting influence in Poland of Hoffmanowa’s conservative pedagogical treatise <em>Keepsake of a Good Mother</em> (1819) was criticized by more progressive Polish women writers of the 19th century, such as Narcyza Żmichowska and Eliza Orzeszkowa. But the unexpected success of that book in other Slav countries later in the 19th century, especially in Bohemia, is less well known. Honorata Zapová born Wiśniowska (1825-1856), a member of the Galician Polish szlachta who moved to Prague after her marriage in 1841 to the Czech writer Karel Vladislav Zap, has be

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Petrov, Alexandr. "The End of Japan's isolation. Expeditions of M.K. Perry and E.V. Putyatin in the Context of the Struggle for Colonies in the North Pacific in the Middle of the 19th Century." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 2 (2023): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120025263-0.

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In the 17th century, Japan proclaimed sakoku, a policy of controlled and severely limited external contacts. It lasted a little more than two centuries and became the reaction of the Japanese shogunate to a long bloody era of unrest, which ended only with the coming to power of the shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu, who united the country. The completion of sakoku is associated with expeditions to Japan by M. Perry and E.V. Putyatin in 1853-1854. This work shows the peculiarities of the international situation that has developed in relation to Japan. The main milestones of navigation are noted. Attention

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György, Gaal. "József Engel de Szepeslőcse – Linguist and Physician." Bulletin of Medical Sciences 93, no. 1 (2020): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2020-0003.

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Abstract József Engel (1807–1870) originates from an intellectual family from the Northern part of Hungary, he got to Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureş) due to family relations. There he was assistant in the Golden Deer Pharmacy. Later he graduated the theoretical course of Chemistry at the Pest University. His thesis was printed. Then he studied medicine at the same university between 1830 and 1836. He wrote his thesis about the measles (De Morbilis). Meanwhile studying at Pest he got interested in Hungarian linguistics. He elaborated a study on the stem words of the Hungarian language which won a

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NEGRETTO, GABRIEL L., and JOSÉ ANTONIO AGUILAR RIVERA. "Rethinking the Legacy of the Liberal State in Latin America: The cases of Argentina (1853–1916) and Mexico (1857–1910)." Journal of Latin American Studies 32, no. 2 (2000): 361–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00005770.

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The predominant interpretation of nineteenth century Latin America is to see the failure of constitutional democracy in the region in terms of the inability of liberal elites to break with an authoritarian past. Against these views, we argue that the divorce between liberalism and democracy in Latin America was the unintended outcome of the institutions created by the liberal elite in response to the problems of territorial fragmentation and factional conflict that emerged after the fall of the Spanish empire. Using the cases of Argentina and Mexico, we support this proposition by focusing on

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McCann, James C., Sven Rubenson, Getatchew Haile, and John Hunwick. "Acta Aethiopica: Correspondence and Treaties, 1800-1854." International Journal of African Historical Studies 21, no. 1 (1988): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219896.

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BOMBINA, L. K., A. R. KASYMOVA, T. R. ZAMALETDINOV, D. R. DAVLETSHINA, and D. I. ABDULGANIEVA. "Unknown pages of life of Prof. Ivan Gustavovich Lindegren." Practical medicine 22, no. 4 (2024): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2024-4-219-223.

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Ivan Gustavovich Lindegren was an ordinary professor of the Department of Special Pathology and Therapeutics from 1837 to 1862. He was one of the most talented figures among the medical professors of the 19th century and made an invaluable contribution to the establishment and development of a hospital clinic at Kazan Emperor’s University. He actively participated in the fight against cholera epidemic both in Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan. Prof. I.G. Lindegren introduced changes in the prospective doctors’ education. In Europe, he got advanced ideas about the organization of medical universities.

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Batalova, D. A., and S. V. Sapozhkov. "Some of the philosophical sources of N. Minsky’s “meonism” (treatise With the Light of Conscience: thoughts and dreams about the purpose of life)." Science and School, no. 5, 2019 (2019): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/1819-463x-2019-5-20-33.

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The article analyzes some sources of the philosophical concept of the founder of the religious and philosophical course of domestic symbolism – Nikolai M. Minsky (1855/1856–1937), author of the famous treatise „With the light of conscience: thoughts and dreams about the purpose of life” (1890). „Meonism” – so the author himself called his philosophical system, referring this name to Plato as one of the most important sources of his ontology. The problem of the philosophical genesis of „meonism” remained relevant at all stages of the study and comments on „With the light of conscience”. However

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Barry-Walsh, Justin, and Julie Norris. "Separation of the role of treating clinician and expert." Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 23, no. 1 (2013): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1855.

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Tronch Pérez, Jesús. "Vindicating Pablo Avecilla’s Spanish ‘Imitation’ of Hamlet (1856)." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 25 (November 15, 2012): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2012.25.18.

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This essay examines Pablo Avecilla’s Hamlet, an ‘imitation’ of Shakespeare’s tragedy of the prince of Denmark published in 1856, both in its own terms and in the historical context of its publication. This Shakespearean adaptation has been negatively judged as preposterous and unworthy of comment, but it deserves to be approached as what it claimed to be, a free handling of the Shakespearean model, and as responding to its own cultural moment. Avecilla turns the Shakespearean sacrificial prince into a righteous sovereign that has kept the love of a lower-ranked lady and, by pursuing revenge, h

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Rangachari, P. K. "Answering Huxley: “now” students take a “then” exam." Advances in Physiology Education 43, no. 3 (2019): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00079.2019.

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Twenty-eight undergraduate students in a health sciences program volunteered for an exercise in the history of examinations. They had completed a second-year course in anatomy and physiology in which they studied modern texts and took standard contemporary exams. For this historical “experiment,” students studied selected chapters from two 19th century physiology texts (by Foster M. A Textbook of Physiology, 1895; and Broussais FJV. A Treatise on Physiology Applied to Pathology, 1828). They then took a 1-h-long exam in which they answered two essay-type questions set by Thomas Henry Huxley for

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Kurygin, Al A., and V. V. Semenov. "Professor Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky (1789–1866) (on the 235th anniversary of his birth)." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 183, no. 1 (2024): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2024-183-1-7-10.

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An outstanding anatomist and surgeon, scientist and teacher, talented artist, Privy Councilor, Honored Professor and Academician of the Imperial Medical-Surgical Academy, Honorary Member of the Medical Council of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Doctor of Medicine and Surgery, Professor Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky was born on July 26 (August 6, new style), 1789 in the village of Vorobyovka, Novgorod-Seversky district, Chernigov province, in a family of noble origin. After graduating from the Imperial Medical-Surgical Academy in 1814, I. V. Buyalsky r

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Wiederkehr, Karl Heinrich. "Wilhelm Weber und Maxwells elektromagnetische Lichttheorie." Gesnerus 51, no. 3-4 (1994): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0510304007.

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This essay aims at demonstrating a possibly decisive impulse which induced J. Cl. Maxwell to create his electromagnetical theory of light. With their experiment in 1855 R. Kohlrausch and W. Weber had come across the velocity of light when determining the relation between the absolute electrostatic and the absolute electromagnetic quantity of electricity which they had measured. In Maxwell’s treatise ‘'On Physical Lines of Force” (1861 ¡62) that rela tion is exactly identical with the velocity o f transmission of possible transversal waves in Maxwell’s hypothetical medium (ether). The experimen

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Bonds, Mark Evan. "Aesthetic Amputations: Absolute Music and the Deleted Endings of Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schönen." 19th-Century Music 36, no. 1 (2012): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncm.2012.36.1.003.

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Abstract Eduard Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schönen (1854) is the single most important document in the history of the construct known as absolute music, the idea that music functions as an entirely self-contained and self-referential art. Hanslick deleted—and did not replace—the final paragraph of the first edition, cutting most of it for the second edition of 1858 and the remainder for the third edition of 1865. This original ending evokes imagery that stands out from most of the rest of the treatise, including references to the “great motions of the cosmos” and “profound and secret connectio

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Altuğ, Yılmaz. "The United States Of America's Policies Towards Turkish Straits." Belleten 56, no. 215 (1992): 167–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1992.167.

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One of the oldest, most persistent and important problems in European History and İnternational Law is the "Question of the Straits". More than twenty treaties in modern times mention the Turkish Straits. Five of these treaties were made exclusively to regulate passage through these waters: The London Agreement, 1841; Paris Straits Convention, 1856; London Convention, 1871; Lausanne Straits Convention, 1923; and the Treaty of Montreux, 1936. Phillipson and Buxton affirm that one of the causes of the First World War was the Straits problem.

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Doe, Norman. "Samuel Hallifax (1733–1790)." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 22, no. 1 (2019): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x19001704.

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Trinity Hall, Cambridge was founded in 1350 by William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich, for the study of canon law and civil law, as provided in its statutes. It later developed a direct connection with Doctors’ Commons in London, the College of Advocates practising in the church and admiralty courts. In the period 1512–1856, of the 462 admitted as advocates, 85 were from the Hall, including 15 masters and 45 fellows. From 1558 to 1857, the Hall had 9 out of about 25 Deans of Arches: two under Elizabeth, three at the end of the seventeenth century, three in the eighteenth century and one in the nin

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Krizbai, Réka. "Illustrating the Smallpox Vaccine in Hungary 1798-1850." Kaleidoscope history 11, no. 22 (2021): 404–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17107/kh.2021.22.404-419.

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This dissertation explores the images in the three treatises on the smallpox vaccine, which were illustrated between 1798 and 1850 in Hungary, which are János Stand’s, Sámuel Váradi’s and Mihály Kováts’s publications. It looks at the background of their authors and the production of their images, as well as the quality of the illustrations. As all three treatises have one illustration and they all follow the same visual strategy, the dissertation also seeks to describe and identify the scopes of such images, and to define their role in the implementation of the practice of vaccination in the w

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Wodziński, Marcin. "Josefa Rosensohna Tractatus de Kabała, czyli najstarszy oświeceniowy traktat o chasydyzmie." Studia Judaica, no. 1 (51) (June 30, 2023): 243–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/24500100stj.23.010.18227.

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The Earliest Maskilic Treatise on Hasidism: Josef Rosensohn’s Tractatus de Kabała The article presents an unknown treatise written by a Vilna-based maskil and medical doctor, Josef Rosensohn (ca. 1774–1849). The newly discovered text, commissioned by a Polish aristocrat and Enlightenment activist Tadeusz Czacki (1765–1813), is the oldest maskilic treatise on Hasidism, written in either late 1804 or 1805, important not only for the history of the Haskalah, but also a significant source on the history of Hasidism and Jewish-Polish cultural relations. The article consists of two parts: (1) extens

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McNeil, Kent. "Commentary on “Adhesion to Canadian Indian Treaties and the Lubicon Lake Dispute”." Canadian journal of law and society 7, no. 2 (1992): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100002398.

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Thomas Flanagan's article on adhesion to Indian treaties in this issue of the Canadian Journal of Law and Society is a bold foray into a virtually unexplored area of aboriginal rights. Although adhesions to most of the eleven Numbered Treaties in northern and western Canada were common, as Flanagan points out, not much attention has been paid to them. The matter is nonetheless of major importance for many aboriginal peoples, as was demonstrated by the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada last year that the Teme-Augama Anishnabai had surrendered their aboriginal title by adhesion to the 1850

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Bódi, Éva, Szilvia Veres, Dávid Andrási, Farzaneh Garousi, and Béla Kovács. "Analysis of maize and sunflower plants treated by molybdenum in rhizobox experiment." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 64 (March 5, 2015): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/64/1855.

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In this study, maize (Zea mays L. cv. Norma SC) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv Arena PR) seedlings treated by molybdenum (Mo) that were cultivated in special plant growth boxes, known as rhizoboxes. During our research we tried to examine whether increasing molybdenum (Mo) concentration effects on the dry mass and absorption of some elements (molybdenum, iron, sulphur) of shoots and roots of experimental plants. In this experiment calcareous chernozem soil was used and Mo was supplemented into the soil as ammonium molybdate [(NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O] in four different concentrations as

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Brown, Tenille E. "Anishinaabe Law at the Margins: Treaty Law in Northern Ontario, Canada, as Colonial Expansion." Social Inclusion 11, no. 2 (2023): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v11i2.6497.

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In 1850, 17 years before the Dominion of Canada was created, colonial officers in representation of Her Majesty the Queen, concluded Treaty Numbers 60 and 61 with the Anishinaabe Nation of Northern Ontario. The Robinson Treaties—so named after William Benjamin Robinson, a government official—include land cessions made by the Anishinaabe communities in return for ongoing financial support and protection of hunting rights. The land areas included in the treaty are vast territories that surround two of Canada’s great lakes: Lake Superior and Lake Huron. These lands were important for colonial exp

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Cheolbae Son. "Traditions, Treaties, and Trade: Qing Imperialism and Choson Korea, 1850-1910." Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies 12, no. 1 (2012): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21866/esjeas.2012.12.1.005.

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Miller, Owen. "Tradition, Treaties, and Trade: Qing Imperialism and Choson Korea, 1850-1910." Chinese Historical Review 16, no. 2 (2009): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/tcr.2009.16.2.257.

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Mosca, Matthew. "Tradition, Treaties, and Trade: Qing Imperialism and Chosn Korea, 1850-1910." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 54, no. 1 (2011): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852011x539644.

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Cutsforth-Huber, Bonnie. "Bel Canto des Wortes— The Pedagogy of Cornelia (Cornelie) van Zanten." Journal of Singing 81, no. 2 (2024): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53830/sing.00076.

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Abstract: The Neapolitan School is well-known for its superb pedagogues who shaped the art of bel canto singing, one of whom was Cornelia van Zanten (1855–1946). Her 1911 treatise Bel Canto des Wortes , with its many voice exercises and an overview of the history of the bel canto movement, reveals Zanten as a superb pedagogue whose work deserves more exposure. Zanten’s methods were forged by her own operatic career, which spanned both Europe and the United States, her studies with Francesco Lamperti and Julius Stockhausen, and her many years teaching in both Germany and The Netherlands.

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Latushko, Yuri. "Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Far East of the 17th — 21st Centuries." ISTORIYA, E21 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840017750-4.

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This chapter is devoted to the ethnography of the Russian Far East. Russian explorers reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean around the middle of the 17th century. Here they met many local peoples, previously unknown to them, some of which were “yasaked”, that is, imposed a tax in kind. On the other hand, the local population got acquainted with the Russian culture, which was new for them. The first contacts were sometimes accompanied by conflicts and misunderstanding of the customs and traditions of each other, but gradually the practice of mutually beneficial coexistence developed, friendly

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Rudnev, Mikhail A. ""Ideological character" of M. P. Pogodin in the Pre-October and Soviet historiography." Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 1, no. 1-2 (2019): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2611812.

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On the materials of the historico-biographical treaties and the generalizing works and special essays in history of the Russian social and political thought the historiographical appraisals and treatments of the ideological character of M. P. Pogodin given by the Pre-October and Soviet historians are examined. This problematico-historiographical review is realized in the context of phenomenon of the so-called «theory of the Official Nationality» in the period of the Nicholas I reign. A. N. Pypin, liberal and westernist historian of literature and social thought, was the real maker of this deba

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Naumov, S. S. "Organization of the Defense of the Ezo Republic by French Oﬃcer Jules Brunet During the Boshin Civil War (1868–1869)". Russian Japanology Review 7, № 2 (2025): 138–45. https://doi.org/10.55105/2658-6444-2024-2-138-145.

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During the Bakumatsu period (1853–1867), under pressure from Western countries, the Tokugawa shogunate was forced to end Japan’s policy of selfisolation and conclude unequal treaties with a number of Western powers. This caused deep discontent in the country, aﬀecting various segments of the population. In the context of the political crisis, the shogunate launched a series of reforms aimed at strengthening its power, including military power.Great Britain secretly supported the opposition forces in the south of the country, and France made a bet on the shogunate, expressing its readiness to s

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Laios, Konstantinos, Angelos Markopoulos, Dimosthenis T. Chrysikos, Evangellos Mavrommatis, and Theodore Troupis. "Sir William Arbuthnot Lane (1856-1943) and His Innovations to Femoral Surgical Anatomy and Surgery." Surgical Innovation 27, no. 2 (2019): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350619893239.

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Sir William Arbuthnot Lane (1856-1943) is considered a pioneer in orthopedic surgery, especially for his breakthrough for the time technique for bone and mainly femoral surgery, the so-called screw and plates technique, which was also accompanied by his aseptic surgical approach. Apart from his innovations in colon, nose, ear, throat, and reconstructive surgery, his treatises on orthopedic surgery were considered as masterpieces. Femoral anatomy and surgical anatomy attracted mainly his interest as seen in his treatises.

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Ness, Anna, Ali Zarei‐Baygi, and Dave Macnevin. "Measure Viruses in the Field to Demonstrate Water Reuse Safety." Opflow 49, no. 7 (2023): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/opfl.1857.

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Ivanov, Andrey. "“Umlaut” as a Terminological Reflection of Interlanguage Relations in Linguistics." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 2 (June 2023): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2023.2.6.

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The article examines the history of appearance of the term "umlaut" in the terminology of Russian linguistics. Using the methods of historical-linguistic, definitional and semantic analysis of scholarly and scientific-theoretical sources (grammars, grammar treatises and dictionaries) published in Russia in the period from the late 18 th century to the mid 20 th century, the author traces the evolution of the phonetic status of umlaut. It was ascertained that in the 18 th century, in line with the traditions, established by the German grammarians, umlaut was first considered a diphthong, since

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Mason, Gregory, Sheilla Jones, and Wayne Helgason. "A Modern Annuity for Canada — Concrete Reconciliation." Journal of Aboriginal Economic Development 12, no. 1 (2021): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.54056/albs4958.

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Canada’s history features many commercial compacts, agreements, and treaties marking the evolution of the relations between Indigenous Peoples and Settlers. The treaties negotiated between 1850 and 1921 comprised three main elements: the allocation of land for the exclusive use of the signatory First Nations; preservation of hunting and fishing rights; and an individual annuity paid to each band member plus a one-time payment made to the band. The individual annuity was minimal, even in the later 19th century, and has remained unchanged since 1878. This paper explores the rationale, design, im

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Mason, Gregory, Sheilla Jones, and Wayne Helgason. "A Modern Annuity for Canada — Concrete Reconciliation." Journal of Aboriginal Economic Development 12, no. 1 (2021): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.54056/albs4958.

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Canada’s history features many commercial compacts, agreements, and treaties marking the evolution of the relations between Indigenous Peoples and Settlers. The treaties negotiated between 1850 and 1921 comprised three main elements: the allocation of land for the exclusive use of the signatory First Nations; preservation of hunting and fishing rights; and an individual annuity paid to each band member plus a one-time payment made to the band. The individual annuity was minimal, even in the later 19th century, and has remained unchanged since 1878. This paper explores the rationale, design, im

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Calderon, Moises A., Martin Penagos, Aziz Sheikh, Giorgio W. Canonica, and Stephen Durham. "Cochrane Review: Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis." Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal 7, no. 3 (2012): 1041–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ebch.1851.

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Hughes, Jenny. "Commentary on ‘Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis’." Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal 7, no. 3 (2012): 1155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ebch.1852.

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Gámiz-Gordo, Antonio, Daniel Antón, and Pedro Barrero-Ortega. "Graphic reconstruction of a vanished architectural heritage: The 'Puerta de la Carne' in Seville." Virtual Archaeology Review 16, no. 33 (2025): In press. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.22578.

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Seville was at the height of its commercial prosperity in the 16th century. It was then decided to renovate the gates of its walled enclosure using a Renaissance architectural language, following a report by the architect Hernán Ruiz II from 1560. The Puerta de la Carne was located near the Judería district and close to the city’s slaughterhouse. Asensio de Maeda directed the work execution around 1577. After being deemed an urban obstacle, the gate was demolished in 1864. For its graphic reconstruction, the 2006 London Charter, the 2012 Seville Principles, and other biblio

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Filipek, Michał. "Międzynarodowoprawny status archipelagu Wysp Alandzkich : kwestia demilitaryzacji i neutralizacji Alandów." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 1 (November 29, 2011): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2011.1.6.

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This article deals with the question of demilitarization and neutralization of the ?land Islands in respect to international law regulating this issue. In this paper it was not intented to go into details of all historical phases and changes of the ?land's status, but rather to concentrate on international treaties regulating this question, which are still in force. ?land is an autonomous, demilitarized and neutralized region of Finland with a largely Swedish-speaking population. The ?land Islands form an archipelago in the Baltic Sea. They are situated in the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia.

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Qu, Wensheng. "Translations of early Sino-British treaties and the masked western legal concepts." Semiotica 2017, no. 216 (2017): 169–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0075.

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AbstractFrom 1844 to 1845, the translation problems with the Supplementary Treaty (aka Treaty of the Bogue) and the Treaty of Nanking were revealed through successive back translations by Walter Henry Medhurst in the Chinese Repository. A comparison of the official Chinese and English language versions of the two treaties shows noteworthy problems of addition, omission, and misinterpretation. These translation problems can be understood and interpreted in the light of the fact that the Qing side had relinquished the right to employ its own translators and knew little about the principles of in

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