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Journal articles on the topic 'Treatment defaulters'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alam, Nur, MA Azhar, Abdul Wadud Chowdhury, KMN Sabah, and Md Rasul Amin. "Factors Underlying Defaulting on Antihypertensive Treatment." Bangladesh Medical Journal 40, no. 3 (2014): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i3.18670.

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The magnitude of hypertensive patient not continuing treatment is not well documented. But it is assumed that it could be worse and thereby would contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity. A study can produce awareness among all level of medical practitioners regarding the factors underlying defaulting on anti hypertensive treatment. To find out the factors underlying being defaulter of antihypertensive treatment and making future recommendation for remedy - were the main objectives of the present study It was a cross sectional study which was carried out in medical indoor & out

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2

Kumar, Anil, Anita Girdhar, Joy Kumar Chakma, and Bhuwneswar Kumar Girdhar. "WHO Multidrug Therapy for Leprosy: Epidemiology of Default in Treatment in Agra District, Uttar Pradesh, India." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/705804.

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Aim.To study the magnitude of default, time of default, its causes, and final clinical outcome.Methods. Data collected in active surveys in Agra is analyzed. Patients were given treatment after medical confirmation and were followed up. The treatment default and other clinical outcomes were recorded.Results. Patients who defaulted have comparable demographic characteristics. However, among defaulters more women (62.7% in PB, 42.6% in MB) were seen than those in treatment completers (PB 52.7% and MB 35.9%). Nerve involvement was high in treatment completers: 45.7% in PB and 91.3% in MB leprosy.

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3

Afridi, NK, S. Fatima, S. Khan, and B. Thapa. "Adherence of the NTP to DOTS recommended defaulters tracing mechanism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS 9, no. 1 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v9i1.6958.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis is still a major public health problem worldwide. Pakistan is one of the few countries with extremely high tuberculosis (TB) incidence and ranks sixth among the 22 high TB burden countries. World Health Organization (WHO) and International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (IUATLD) advocate the use of DOTS strategy to control tuberculosis. The study aimed to determine the adherence of DOTS facilitators and treatment supporters to the defaulter tracing mechanisms in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methodology: A Cross Sectional study was conducted in fi ve districts Kh

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D. Gosavi, Anand, Viresh A. Nandimath, and Suresh K. Mangulikar. "A cross-sectional study among defaulters of DOTS under RNTCP in tuberculosis units of Solapur city." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 3 (2019): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190605.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a specific infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting pulmonary and extra-pulmonary organs. Default is one of the unfavorable outcomes for patients on DOTS and represents an important challenge for the control programme. Inadequate treatment adherence is considered as a potential cause of drug resistance. This study was conducted ascertain causes of defaults & to study socio-demographic corelates of defaulters.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014. All default patients registered fr

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Mallick, Arkajyoti, Santanu Haldar, Soma Sarkar, Santanu Kundu, Samik Sinha, and Sanjoy K. Sadhukhan. "Unmatched case control study on risk factors of defaulter among newly diagnosed TB patients on DOTS registered under RNTCP in Hooghly district, West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 10 (2017): 3678. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174233.

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Background: Tuberculosis is still a major public health problem in India and in addition to this, non-adherence to DOTS makes it more difficult to manage and increase risk of drug resistance. The objective was to study the factors associated with defaulter to DOTS among newly diagnosed TB patients treated under RNTCP registered in Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. Methods: A community based unmatched case control study was conducted with the help of predesigned pretested schedule among 99 defaulters and 103 non defaulters aged 15 years and above and registered between 1st April 2013 to 31s

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6

Kar, Sumit, Ranabir Pal, and Dharamvir Ranajan Bharati. "Understanding non-compliance with WHO-multidrug therapy among leprosy patients in Assam, India." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 01, no. 01 (2010): 09–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.63093.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: The study was undertaken to assess the adherence to World Health Organization (WHO)-multidrug therapy (MDT) and its successful completion by the leprosy patients and the extent of such defaulting, its correlates and reasons. Design: Retrograde cohort analysis was conducted during the fi rst quarter of 2007 from the cases registered for WHO-MDT treatment during 2002 to 2005 in Kamrup district of Assam, India. Results: A total of 254 leprosy cases refl ected the treatment seeking behavior of registered cases during the study period. Majority of the cases were from urban area

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Kumari, Anita, Parveen K. Sharma, and Rekha Bansal. "Treatment outcome of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients on second line anti-tuberculosis dugs at tertiary care hospital at Himachal Pradesh, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 8 (2020): 3119. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203387.

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Background: MDR-TB treatment defaulter are potentially harmful to community as these can relapse and spread infection, developed resistance to second line anti tubercular drugs and may result in to extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and major challenges for successful outcome. Objective was to study treatment outcome of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients on second line anti-tuberculosis drugs at tertiary care hospital at Himachal Pradesh.Methods: It was prospective observational study carried out after approval from institutional ethics committee. A total 104 MDR/RR-TB case

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Atiyire, Elijah, N. K. Oladejo, Opoku Nicholas, E. Mannu, and M. A. Adjuik. "Trend and Predictors of Non-Adherence among Tuberculosis Patients Treated on the Directly Observed Treatment in the Upper East Region of Ghana." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XII, no. XV (2025): 155–68. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2025.121500014p.

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This paper examines the trend and predictors of TB treatment default in patients treated with the DOTS strategy in Ghana’s Upper East Region. A matched case control study design was employed using record review and survey approaches in secondary data collection which includes sample size of 112 respondents, 56 cases of TB treatment non-adherent and 56 controls (TB treatment adherents. Multistage sampling technique was used in selecting the districts. The study collected primary and secondary data. Patients’ records were reviewed using data extraction sheets. The review gathered data on the tre

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9

Kumari, Aarti, Sana Ahuja, Sachin Bajaj, et al. "Cytomorphological findings in drug defaulters of tuberculous lymphadenitis." Cytojournal 20 (September 4, 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_16_2023.

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Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important health problem specially in the developing countries. Although effective chemotherapy is available, compliance of patient is a major challenge. The aim of this study was to describe cytomorphological features of drug defaulters on lymph node on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and compare it with newly diagnosed cases. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done for a period of 18 months, in which all patients having tuberculous lymphadenitis were included after taking detailed history regarding previous anti-TB drug intake. Cytomo

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10

Abugri, James. "Impact of default rate of antiretroviral use on viral load among HIV/AIDS patients in Tamale and Sunyani." Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering 8, no. 3 (2021): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2021.08.00258.

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Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is the gold standard for the management of HIV patients. Purportedly, patients who are not on HAART or defaulted from its use have adverse effects compared to those who adhere to the intake of HAART. Compliant individuals have improved quality of life and show healthy hematological parameters and HIV load as compared to HAART naïve individuals and defaulters. Supplementary and supportive treatment is crucial in HIV/AIDS patients on patients on antiretroviral therapy? Objective: This study was cond

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Minja, Makyao, Tusaligwe Mbilinyi, Bryceson Mkinga, Erick G. Philipo, Joyce Owenya, and Manase Kilonzi. "Prevalence, treatment, and factors associated with cryptococcal meningitis post introduction of integrase inhibitors antiretroviral based regimens among People Living with HIV in Tanzania." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (2024): e0294940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294940.

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Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Cryptococcal Meningitis (CM), treatment practice, and the associated factors post-introduction of Tenofovir Lamivudine and Dolutegravir (TLD) regimen among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Tanzania. Methods This was an analytical cross-sectional study, and the data was collected retrospectively in three public regional referral hospitals (RRHs) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 405 files of the PLHIV admitted in the medical wards on the TLD regimen from January 2019 to December 2022 were reviewed. The collected information includes t

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Nwachukwu, Ndubuisi O., Azu R. Onyeagba, Elendu C. Onwuchekwa, Okoronkwo C. Uche, and Ulasi A. Esther. "Treatment default among pulmonary tuberculosis patients at an urban slum in South-Eastern Nigeria." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 7 (2017): 3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172994.

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Background: Anambra State is one of the States in Nigeria with a high rate of treatment default. The objectives were to examine default from treatment among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients and identify reasons for default.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Okpoko in Ogbaru local government area of Anambra state. A total of 166 patients participated. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was based on microscopy. Patients were treated using the standard 6-month regimen recommended by WHO.Results: A treatment default rate of 13.3% was observed. Default wa

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13

Mandal, Amitabha, Mausumi Basu, Palash Das, Sujishnu Mukherjee, Sibasis Das, and Nirmalya Roy. "Magnitude and reasons of initial default among new sputum positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis under RNTCP in a district of West Bengal, India." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 4, no. 1 (2015): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v4i1.21839.

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Under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), Tuberculosis services are provided free of charge in India; all diagnosed TB patients are initiated on treatment within 7 days. Initial default is a potentially serious problem, particularly in cases of smear positive patients because they may continue transmitting the disease. This study was conducted to estimate the proportion of new sputum positive pulmonary TB patients who dropped out before initiating treatment, and their reasons for not registering for treatment. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Darjeeling Distr

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Zulkfli@Zulkifli, Ahmad Zhafir, Rabiatul Adawiyah Md Salleh, and Nur Farha Omar. "Demographic Characteristics Associated with Missed Follow-Up Appointments among Tuberculosis Patients at Hospital Shah Alam, Selangor: A Retrospective Study from January to June 2023." International Journal of Public Health Research 14, no. 1 (2024): 1858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ijphr/1401.2024.04.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) patients default their treatment during the treatment course. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the demographic characteristics of the patient who missed follow-ups and identify the reasons for missed appointments or defaulted their treatment. Methods: The records of patients diagnosed with TB follow-up at the chest clinic from January to June 2023 were reviewed based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted based on the data collected. Based on the study sample (n=33), the result shows that the m

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15

Ramchandra, Tagaram, N. Pragathi Kumar, and Niharika Lakkoju. "Study of socio-demographic factors causing interruption of anti-tuberculosis treatment in DOTS centre in Warangal district of Telangana State." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 11 (2017): 4107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174632.

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Background: Tuberculosis has existed for millennia and remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health in millions of people each year and in 2015 it was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Understanding the specific reasons for unsuccessful outcomes is important to improve the treatment system. This present study was carried out to find out the effects of socio-demographic factors on TB defaulters under DOTS centre in Warangal District, Telangana state.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among 103 defaulters of TB patients in 3 TB units (TU) Warangal (urban), Rag

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Jayawardena, KAS, C. Sarukkali, AKSB De Alwis, et al. "Patient Characteristics Associated with Non-Adherence to Anti Tuberculosis Treatment in Sri Lanka." SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS 9, no. 2 (2013): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v9i2.7974.

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Introduction: Sri Lanka had achieved a significant improvement in the tuberculosis control including a reduction of the default rate since introduction of the DOTS strategy to the National TB control Programme in 1997. Patients’ adherence to anti TB treatment may be measured using either process oriented or outcome oriented definitions. Default rate is an outcome oriented definition that may be used as an indicator of poor patient adherence to anti TB treatment. One of the main obstacles in achieving the best tuberculosis (TB) control is that patients do not complete full course of anti TB tre

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Almissar, Ahmed, Buthaina Rashid, and Osama Rhaman. "Assessment of Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (DOTs) Program Therapy in Treatment of Tuberculosis in Al-Sader City 2003-2005." Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties 26, no. 3 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.58897/injns.v26i3.181.

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Objectives: Assessment outcome of DOTS (Directly observed therapy short course) program in Al-Sader CitySector that was established by the WHO.Methodology: Three cohorts groups of patients attending Baghdad TB institute and TB center in Al-Sader citywere followed retrospectively. The 1st cohort included (314) patients registered in year (2003), the 2nd cohortincluded (327) patients registered in year (2004), the 3rd cohort included (321) patients registered in year(2005). The collected data were analyzed for case detection, treatment outcomes, retreatment outcomes,treatment success, and retrea

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18

Shabil, Mohammed, V. Rajesh, K. C. Bharath Raj, et al. "A Study on Treatment Defaulters in Tuberculosis Patients on Dots Therapy." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 12, no. 5 (2019): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2019.00374.3.

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19

Deribe, Kebede, Fikre Hailekiros, Sibhatu Biadgilign, Alemayehu Amberbir, and Biruk Kebede Beyene. "Defaulters from antiretroviral treatment in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia." Tropical Medicine & International Health 13, no. 3 (2008): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02006.x.

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Tapela, N., K. Gabegwe, T. Barak, et al. "Barriers to Cancer Evaluation Follow-Up: Reasons and Predictors of Missed Visits in a Rural Population in Botswana." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 37s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.24100.

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Background: Missed clinical appointments contribute to delayed cancer diagnosis, treatment, and ultimately poorer outcomes. In Botswana, a middle income sub-Saharan African country where oncology treatment is available for free to all citizens, median time from first facility visit to treatment initiation is 160 days (IQR: 59-653). Aim: To identify patient and visit characteristics associated with missing appointments, and describe reasons for missed visits among adult patients undergoing evaluation for possible cancer at public facilities in a rural district in Botswana. Methods: Patients ≥ 1

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Vasavi, Gedela, Banerji Neerugatti, Chiranjeevi Uday Kumar, and Hari Jagannadha Rao. "A study on treatment outcomes in MDR-TB patients on long term regimen in West Godavari district." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10, no. 3 (2021): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20210476.

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Background: MDR-TB is defined as a TB patient whose biological specimen is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin with or without resistant to other first line drugs, based on results from quality assured laboratory. The main aim of this study was to study the treatment outcomes of longer regimen for MDR-TB patients.Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study. After obtaining ethical committee approval from Institutional ethics committee, data was collected from district TB centre from 2011-2016. Outcomes of a regimen is measured in terms of cured, treatment completed, number of

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Lamb, Avinash R., Hrishikesh A. Khadilkar, and Syed Azhar Ali Shoukat Ali. "Clinical profile and treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients under programmatic management in a tuberculosis unit at a tertiary care center." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 7 (2018): 2825. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182521.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the greatest health hazards in the world, more so in India. So this study was conducted to study the clinical profile and treatment outcome of TB patients in a tuberculosis unit attached to a tertiary care centre.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among the tuberculosis patients attending the tuberculosis unit attached to Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. In which patient’s clinico-demographic profile and treatment outcome was recorded.Results: A total of 2414 patients were included in this study of which 1377 (57.0

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Gelmanova, I. Y., D. V. Taran, S. P. Mishustin, A. A. Golubkov, A. V. Solovyova, and S. Keshavjee. "'Sputnik': a programmatic approach to improve tuberculosis treatment adherence and outcome among defaulters." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 15, no. 10 (2011): 1373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.0531.

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Bai G., Priyadarshini, Ravikumar P., and Umme Salma. "A study of adverse drug reactions among pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated under dots in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 6, no. 4 (2017): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20170941.

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Background: DOTS under RNTCP is the current treatment available for Pulmonary Tuberculosis. This treatment exhibit a greater level of efficacy with a small degree of toxicity. The present study aims to determine demography of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to study the ADRs caused by anti tubercular drugs and to assess the causality and severity of the reported ADRs.Methods: We studied cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis diagnosed and treated under category I DOTS at Department of Pulmonary Medicine for the period of one year (during 2015). Adverse effects observed during treatment cours

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Olumide, Ebenezer Elusoji. "Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Nigeria: A Case of Ondo State Patients." Continental J. Applied Sciences 18, no. 1 (2023): 41–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7934754.

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<em>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem, with developing countries bearing the highest burden. In the first and second quarters of 2021 in Ondo State 9,207 TB cases were reported, out of this figure 1106 cases were positive and 27 patients were drug resistant. The result of the visitation of patients to TB clinics in Ondo State was found successful in achieving its objectives; still there is concern of cases and defaulters. The aim of this study is to evaluate the directly observed treatment outcomes, patient deaths, treatment failures, and follow-up status of tuberculosis

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Adinma, Echendu Dolly, Victor Ahoma Mbanuzuru, Emmanuel C. Azuike, Ifeoma C. Iloghalu, and Darlington Chukwudimma Obi. "Characterization of Defaulters from Tuberculosis Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in South Eastern Nigeria." Open Journal of Epidemiology 06, no. 01 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2016.61001.

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Hiesgen, J., C. Schutte, S. Olorunju, and J. Retief. "Cryptococcal meningitis in a tertiary hospital in Pretoria, mortality and risk factors – A retrospective cohort study." International Journal of STD & AIDS 28, no. 5 (2016): 480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462416653559.

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Aim This retrospective cohort study analyzes the impact of possible risk factors on the survival chance of patients with cryptococcal meningitis. These factors include the patient’s socio-economic background, age, gender, presenting symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings and, in particular, non-adherence versus adherence to therapy. Methods Data were collected from all adult patients admitted to Kalafong Hospital with laboratory confirmed cryptococcal meningitis over a period of 24 months. We analyzed the data by the presentation of descriptive summary statistics, logistic regression was

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Yellapu, Gayatri Devi, Preethi Koyyana, Vasundhara Nammi, Priyanka Dharshini Dondapati, and Priyanka Boppe. "Outcomes of multi drug resistant tuberculosis under programmatic conditions: the experience." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2020): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201345.

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Background: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide after HIV/AIDS. Drug resistant tuberculosis continues to be a public health crisis. India stands, one among 27 “high burden” MDR countries and has over 2 million new TB cases every year and TB kill’s nearly 1000 people every day. The WHO 2018 Global Tuberculosis Report estimated that, worldwide, approximately 3.5 percent of all new TB cases and 18 percent of previously treated cases are caused by MDR or rifampicin-mono resistant strains.Methods: Presumptive drug resistance TB cases were subjected fo

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Lurigio, Arthur J., and Robert C. Davis. "Does a Threatening Letter Increase Compliance with Restitution Orders?: A Field Experiment." Crime & Delinquency 36, no. 4 (1990): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128790036004007.

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This study investigates a notification procedure to increase the payment of victim restitution. A sample of 223 adult probationers owing restitution in Cook County, Illinois, was randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. Offenders in the treatment group received a notification letter; offenders in the control group did not. The letter reminded defaulters of the amount owed, told them how to make payment, and threatened serious sanctions if they did not comply. Offenders receiving a notification letter were significantly more likely to pay restitution. The procedure was more effective

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Hussein, Ahmed, Omar Dahir, Abdirisak Yusuf Ahmed, Gallad Dahir Hassan, and Samio Mohamud. "Defaulters of Tuberculosis Treatment Among MDR-TB Patients Attended in Forlanini/Lazaretto Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia." Central African Journal of Public Health 7, no. 3 (2021): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.18.

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Khadilkar, HrishikeshArvindrao, ApekshaPremnath Paunikar, MohanKondiba Doibale, and AvinashR Lamb. "Survival analysis of treatment defaulters among tuberculosis patients in government medical college and hospital, Aurangabad." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 44, no. 1 (2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_292_18.

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Chikaodinaka, Ayuk Adaeze. "Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scores vary with treatment and may identify potential defaulters during treatment of tuberculosis." Malawi Medical Journal 30, no. 4 (2018): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v30i4.12.

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Mirza, Fatim Tahirah, Sarah Hariri, and Nadhirah Noor. "Epidemiological Profile of Patients Attending Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesihatan Bagan Serai, Perak." HEALTH AND WELLNESS II 18, s15 (2022): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.18.s15.36.

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Introduction: As the front line of the health service and the provider of 90% of formal health care services, Klinik Kesihatan plays key role in developing an equitable health service and responding to the needs of different population groups. Thus, it is important to know the epidemiological profile of the people attending Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesihatan in order to understand the role, responsibilities and challenges of physiotherapist working in Klinik Kesihatan. Methods: This is a retrospective study where the clinical records of patients attended Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesiha

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Abiodun, Oluwakemi E., Olukayode Adebimpe, James Ndako, Olajumoke Oludoun, Benedicta Aladeitan, and Michael Adeniyi. "Qualitative analysis of HIV and AIDS disease transmission: impact of awareness, testing and effective follow up." F1000Research 11 (February 28, 2023): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123693.2.

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Background: Since the early 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its accompanying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have spread worldwide, becoming one of the world's major global health issues. From the beginning of the epidemic until 2020, about 79.3 million people became infected, with 36.3 million deaths due to AIDS illnesses. This huge figure is a result of those unaware of their status due to stigmatization and invariably spreading the virus unknowingly. Methods: Qualitative analysis through a mathematical model that will address HIV unaware individuals and the effect of

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Abiodun, Oluwakemi E., Olukayode Adebimpe, James Ndako, Olajumoke Oludoun, Benedicta Aladeitan, and Michael Adeniyi. "Qualitative analysis of HIV and AIDS disease transmission: impact of awareness, testing and effective follow up." F1000Research 11 (October 7, 2022): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123693.1.

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Background: Since the early 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its accompanying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have spread worldwide, becoming one of the world's major global health issues. From the beginning of the epidemic until 2020, about 79.3 million people became infected, with 36.3 million deaths due to AIDS illnesses. This huge figure is a result of those unaware of their status due to stigmatization and invariably spreading the virus unknowingly. Methods: Qualitative analysis through a mathematical model that will address HIV unaware individuals and the effect of

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Rani B.B, Savitha, Vidhya G S, Vinay K S, Mounika Vanya, and Gopinath S. "A study on performance evaluation, roles and challenges faced by the DOTS providers in treatment adherence of TB patients in Tumkur city an untouched area." Journal of Community Health Management 9, no. 1 (2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.005.

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Non-governmental personnel such as Anganwadi workers, Asha workers and community volunteers have been used as directly observed treatment (DOT) providers in the revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), challenges faced by them were not addressed, which is important to improve their performance.A cross-sectional study conducted using semi structured questioner which contains Socio-demographic characteristics of the DOTS provider and the questions to evaluate the performance of DOTS provider, his role in treatment adherence and also the challenges faced by him/her. DOTS providers

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Athavale, Virendra S., Vinit Singh, Shivmurti N. Khandalkar, Dakshayani S. Nirhale, Aditya Lad, and Iresh Shetty. "Comparative study of rapid urease test and histopathological examination for detection of H. pylori infection." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 12 (2017): 4071. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20175413.

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Background: Aims and objectives of the study was to study the incidence of H. pylori infection in our Hospital. To find out the sensitivity and specificity of rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathological examination for the detection of H. pylori on gastric biopsy. To study the effect of anti H. pylori drugs by performing follow-up endoscopy in terms of positive or negative Rapid Urease Test and Histopathological Examination report.Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, DPU University, for a period of 2 years (from July 2012-September 2014) and is a

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Khan, Rifat, Rafiq M, Bilal Ahanger, Abdul Majid, Yasmeen Jan, and Rouf ur Rashid Rouf - ur - Rashid. "TREATMENT COMPLIANCE OF PATIENTS ON DOTS UNDER RNTCP IN DISTRICT PULWAMA (KASHMIR), WITH SPECIAL REFRENCE TO DEFAULTERS." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 4, no. 78 (2015): 13565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2015/1941.

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Jain, AmitKumar, LeonaSonam Lepcha, and Parvati Nandy. "Sociodemographic profile and treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients registered under directly observed treatment short course in East Sikkim with reference to defaulters." Journal of Medical Society 31, no. 3 (2017): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4958.211100.

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Singh, Anjana, Ved Prakash, and Ravi Kant. "Epidemiological Correlates and Treatment Outcomes among Patients with MDR Tuberculosis in Northern India." Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 54, no. 02 (2018): 090–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712791.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Multi drug resistant-TB (MDR-TB) threatens global TB control and is a major public health concern in several countries. The present study was undertaken to detect the epidemiological correlates and treatment outcomes among patients with MDR-TB previously or currently admitted in Department of Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, KGMU, Lucknow. Material & Methods: This retrospective study included 2370 TB patients admitted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, KGMU, Lucknow between years 2012 to 2015. Treat

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Endjala, Tuwilika, Suraya Mohamed, and Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala. "Factors that contribute to treatment defaulting amongst tuberculosis patients in Windhoek District, Namibia." Clinical Nursing Studies 5, no. 4 (2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/cns.v5n4p12.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors that contribute to treatment defaulting amongst Tuberculosis (TB) patients at a major health centre in Windhoek district, Namibia.Methods: A descriptive and explorative qualitative study using in depth interviews was conducted among ten TB defaulters. Key informant interviews were also conducted with the two TB nurses based at the health centre. Eligible participants were purposively selected. A thematic content analysis of transcribed data was conducted.Results: The study results indicate that defaulting TB treatment is a big challenge to

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Vetis, Zaganelli Margareth, and Pereira Sofia Schorr. "Superendividamento da pessoa idosa, três anos após a vigência da Lei Federal n. 14.181/2021 no Brasil: O que temos a comemorar?" GIGAPP Estudios Working Papers 10, no. 288 (2025): 719–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15319983.

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Over-indebtedness is one of the evils of the consumer society and consists of excess debt that leads the consumer to a situation of socioeconomic vulnerability. The elderly population is a large part of Brazilian society affected by this phenomenon, constituting around 14 million defaulters in 2024. From this perspective, in 2021, Law No. 14,181, known as the super-indebtedness law, was enacted. This work addresses over-indebtedness from the perspective of the elderly's hypervulnerability, highlighting how it was necessary to draft specific legislation, as well as public policies related to th

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Magocha, Blessing, Mokgadi Molope, Martin Palamuleni, and Munyaradzi Saruchera. "The Interface between the State and NGOs in Delivering Health Services in Zimbabwe—A Case of the MSF ART Programme." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 23 (2023): 7137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20237137.

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An over-reliance on donor funding for HIV/AIDS healthcare services remains a concern in Africa. This study, therefore, explores the partnership between the Zimbabwean government and an international non-governmental organisation in delivering HIV/AIDS healthcare services. An interpretivist paradigm and descriptive phenomenological design were used to elicit the opinions, perceptions, and experiences of forty purposively sampled key informants. Thematic analysis was employed using ATLAS.ti version 7.1.4 to analyse the data. The differences in terms of policies, structures, and administrative is

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Dogra, Devraj, Sabha Mushtaq, Nafis Faizi, and Naina Dogra. "Profile of defaulters and pattern of treatment default among leprosy patients at a tertiary care hospital: A 10-year analysis." Indian Dermatology Online Journal 11, no. 3 (2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_393_19.

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Ejeta, Eyasu, Muda Chala, Gebeyaw Arega, et al. "Outcome of Tuberculosis patients under directly observed short course treatment in western Ethiopia." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 07 (2015): 752–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.5963.

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Introduction: Treatment outcome is an important indicator of tuberculosis control programs, as suggested by the World Health Organization. However, this has not been well documented in the study area. This work contributes to a better understanding this issue. Methodology: A five-year (2009–2013) retrospective cohort study was conducted between April and May 2014, in six randomly selected health institutions providing tuberculosis treatment in western Ethiopia. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between treatment outcomes and predictor v

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Chua, M., V. Silvathorai, M. Muniasamy, et al. "Experience and Impact of a Locally-Based Peer, Volunteer Cancer Support Programme in Hospital Melaka, Melaka Malaysia." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 113s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.47300.

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Background: Melaka is a small southern state in Peninsular Malaysia. On average, the state has an annual incidence of 200 odd breast cancer patients, largely treated out of its public, subsidized, single tertiary treatment center of Hospital Melaka. Hospital Melaka is an 800-bedded hospital with multiple specialties including surgery and radiology. Though the hospital does not have a dedicated oncology department, cancer treatment is carried out via phone consultations and visiting oncologists as well as a team of on-site nursing staff who are trained to initiate and monitor treatment. Feedbac

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Suhas Kulkarni, Gauri, and Chetan Mahajan. "Resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin and Factors Associated with Resistance Among MDR TB Patients Visiting DOTS PLUS Site." MVP Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/mvpjms/0/v0/i0/14782.

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Introduction: Multidrug-Resistant (MDR-TB) is defined as M tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin with or without resistant to other drugs. Drug resistant TB is known to occur from time of introduction of antituberculosis drugs. MDR TB has become a significant health problem and an obstacle to effective TB control1. Resistance of M. tuberculosis to anti- TB drugs is caused by chromosomal mutations in genes encoding drug targets. Multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis (MDR-TB) evolve due to sequential accumulation of mutations in target genes. The WHO cites TB as the single

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Mohan, Roopshekhar, and Mustaque Ahmed. "A comparative study of factors for interruption of antitubercular treatment among defaulters in urban and rural areas of Kamrup District, Assam." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 10, no. 1 (2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1027_20.

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Soo, Jia Ying, Nur Ayub Mohd Ali, Aishath Azna Ali, et al. "Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Sternum: An Oncological Curiosity." Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 13, no. 1 (2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v13i1.1160.

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Skeletal metastasis is a frequent complication of cancer resulting in significant morbidity as well as mortality. We highlight a case of a 73-year-old gentleman with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the sternum. He denied dysphagia, shortness of breath, goitre, and presence of chronic non-healing ulcer. He was anaemic and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was 18.7. Chest radiograph on lateral view showed a suspicious cortical irregularity. Computed tomography (CT) scan of thorax revealed an aggressive sternal lesion with soft tissue component. Ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed and the b

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Eliseev, P. I., T. I. Gurieva, E. I. Nikishova, E. S. Khimova, and A. O. Maryandyshev. "Detection of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria and Treatment of Mycobacteriosis in Arkhangelsk Oblast in 2010–2020." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 102, no. 5 (2024): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.58838/2075-1230-2024-102-5-12-20.

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The objective: to assess detection rates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), incidence of mycobacteriosis, and results of mycobacteriosis treatment in Arkhangelsk Oblast from 2010 to 2020.Subjects and Methods. All patients in whom mycobacteria were detected by microscopy and/or culture with a negative result for M. tuberculosis were examined for NTM. Patients with NTM who had two positive cultures and/or clinical findings suggestive of the disease received treatment of mycobacteriosis.Results. In Arkhangelsk Oblast from 2010 to 2020, NTM were detected in 138 people, with an average rate of

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