Academic literature on the topic 'Treaty of Nerchinsk, 1689'

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Journal articles on the topic "Treaty of Nerchinsk, 1689"

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Ivanov, Andrey. "Conflicting Loyalties: Fugitives and “Traitors” in the Russo-Manchurian Frontier, 1651-1689." Journal of Early Modern History 13, no. 5 (2009): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138537809x12528970165145.

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AbstractFor many contemporary historians, the 1689 Treaty of Nerchinsk was not only the first diplomatic treaty between China and a European power, but also an example of a peaceful boundary settlement, which ended the protracted conflict between the two expanding empires. Yet despite modern emphasis on territorial demarcation, clarity of border signs hardly dominated this seventeenth century conflict in the Far East. In fact, careful examination of the published Russian archival record of Muscovite-Qing diplomatic correspondence reveals that competition for tributary allegiances of indigenous and settler populations proved to be a much greater source of tension between the two empires. Ultimately, the mercurial loyalties of local Tungus and Mongol tribes as well the cross-nation desertions of Cossacks, military commanders and Ming loyalists drove both Qing and Muscovite officials to stabilize their shared frontiers through negotiation.
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Jaskov, Helena. "The Negotiated Geography of the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) and the Role of the Jesuits." Late Imperial China 40, no. 2 (2019): 45–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/late.2019.0007.

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YU, Jingdong. "The Concept of “Territory” in Modern China: 1689-1910." Cultura 15, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/cul.2018.02.05.

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Abstract There are two frequent misunderstandings in the scholarship on modern China’s territorial transformation. First, the concept of lingtu (“territory”) is often seen as only developing after the 1911 Revolution, in opposition to the earlier concept of jiangyu diguo (“imperial frontier”). Second, jiangyu and lingtu are often confused and seen as basically the same concept at different historical stages. This essay takes the translation and dissemination of “territory” before the 1911 Revolution as a starting point to examine how the basic concept of lingtu developed from a translated term to describe spatial relations into an important semantic resource of a political movement. On one hand, in the negotiations leading to the Treaty of Nerchinsk and in the modern treaty system, the translation of “territory” formed a new conceptual space, centred on lingtu, which differed from the idea of the (imperial) “frontier” (jiangyu). The turn from jiangyu to lingtu was not a complete one; rather, part of the old concept was integrated into the new framework. On the other hand, the concept of lingtu also provided a semantic battlefield, and the battle was already opened before the revolution: the earlier ideas, diplomatic relations and national narrative already formed the basic concepts dominating discourses after the revolution.
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Bagrin, Е. А. "SELENGINSK GARRISON AND CAVALRY FOUNDATION IN 1690–1693." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 7 (73), no. 2 (2021): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2021-7-2-20-38.

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The article examines the issues related to Selenginsk garrison in the 90s XVII century. This period in Dauria is associated with the military reforms of F.A. Golovin after the conclusion of the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689. The garrisons of Trans–Baikal forts had a number of problems that had to be solved. Selenginsk warriors got salaries like foot Cossacks, but in fact they performed equestrian services without receiving money from the state for horse service. This circumstance led them to impoverishment and discontent. Selenginsk warriors asked to increase the garrison and pay them higher salaries as for horse Cossacks. F. Golovin granted their request partially – he transferred only one third of people to the equestrian service. Udinsk warriors or «temporary workers» were transferred to Selenginsk for strengthening the military contingent of the fortress. The consequences of this decision indirectly led to a military revolt in 1696. The article compares the personnel of Selenginsk garrison in 1683 and 1693. There is Information about the military services of warriors: D. Mnogogreshny, L. Uvarov (Fedorov), A. Berezovsky, S. Kazants, I. Novikov, S. Krasnoyar and others. The experience of cavalry foundation in the Selenginsk fortress were used by F. Golovin to reform Irkutsk garrison.
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Kirillova, Sesegma V., and Vyacheslav V. Shevtsov. "Nerchinsk - Beijing: 121 Russian trade caravans in 1689-1703." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 435 (October 1, 2018): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/435/15.

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Багрин, Е. А. "ГАРНИЗОН АЛБАЗИНСКОЙ КРЕПОСТИ В 1687–1689 гг." Гуманитарные исследования в Восточной Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке 53, no. 3 (2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/1997-2857/2020-3/93-105.

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В статье рассматривается формирование гарнизона Албазинской крепости в 1687–1689 гг. Возможность защиты Албазина была важным обстоятельством, влиявшим на установление первой официальной границы между Россией и Китаем. Высшее военное руководство в лице посла Ф.А. Головина стремилось к увеличению гарнизона крепости за счет сил, расположенных в Нерчинске, не ослабляя «посольское войско», прибывшее в Даурию из Москвы и Сибири. Однако воевода И.Е. Власов посылал из Нерчинска в Албазин минимальные силы. Уничтожение маньчжурами урожая хлеба в Албазинском уезде в 1688 и 1689 гг. сделало невозможным потенциальное увеличение числа защитников Албазина. Таким образом, русский военный контингент, расположенный в Даурии, не был готов вести войну с Цинской империей в Приамурье. В статье также рассмотрены события, влиявшие на жизнь албазинского гарнизона, и приведены имена значительной части людей, защищавших крепость в 1687–1689 гг. Ключевые слова: Албазин, Даурия, Приамурье, казаки, гарнизон The article examines the organization of the garrison in the Albazin fortress in 1687– 1689. The possibility of protecting the fortress was was an important circumstance that had an impact on the establishment of the first official border between Russia and China. Ambassador F.A. Golovin, representing the higher military leadership, sought to increase the garrison of the fortress at the expense of the forces located in Nerchinsk, without weakening the «ambassador’s regiment» that arrived in Dauria from Moscow and Siberia. However, the voivode I.E. Vlasov had sent minimal forces from Nerchinsk to Albazin. The destruction of grain crops in the Albazin district by the Manchus in 1688 and 1689 made the potential increase in the number of fortress defenders impossible. Thus, the Russian military troops located in Dauria were not ready to wage war for Amur region with Qing Empire. The article also examines the events that influenced the life of the Albazin garrison and lists the names of a significant part of the people who defended the fortress in 1687–1689. Keywords: Albazin fortress, Dauria, Priamurye, Cossacks, garrison
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Багрин, Е. А. "ГАРНИЗОН АЛБАЗИНСКОЙ КРЕПОСТИ В 1687–1689 гг." Гуманитарные исследования в Восточной Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке 53, no. 3 (2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/1997-2857/2020-3/93-105.

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В статье рассматривается формирование гарнизона Албазинской крепости в 1687–1689 гг. Возможность защиты Албазина была важным обстоятельством, влиявшим на установление первой официальной границы между Россией и Китаем. Высшее военное руководство в лице посла Ф.А. Головина стремилось к увеличению гарнизона крепости за счет сил, расположенных в Нерчинске, не ослабляя «посольское войско», прибывшее в Даурию из Москвы и Сибири. Однако воевода И.Е. Власов посылал из Нерчинска в Албазин минимальные силы. Уничтожение маньчжурами урожая хлеба в Албазинском уезде в 1688 и 1689 гг. сделало невозможным потенциальное увеличение числа защитников Албазина. Таким образом, русский военный контингент, расположенный в Даурии, не был готов вести войну с Цинской империей в Приамурье. В статье также рассмотрены события, влиявшие на жизнь албазинского гарнизона, и приведены имена значительной части людей, защищавших крепость в 1687–1689 гг. Ключевые слова: Албазин, Даурия, Приамурье, казаки, гарнизон The article examines the organization of the garrison in the Albazin fortress in 1687– 1689. The possibility of protecting the fortress was was an important circumstance that had an impact on the establishment of the first official border between Russia and China. Ambassador F.A. Golovin, representing the higher military leadership, sought to increase the garrison of the fortress at the expense of the forces located in Nerchinsk, without weakening the «ambassador’s regiment» that arrived in Dauria from Moscow and Siberia. However, the voivode I.E. Vlasov had sent minimal forces from Nerchinsk to Albazin. The destruction of grain crops in the Albazin district by the Manchus in 1688 and 1689 made the potential increase in the number of fortress defenders impossible. Thus, the Russian military troops located in Dauria were not ready to wage war for Amur region with Qing Empire. The article also examines the events that influenced the life of the Albazin garrison and lists the names of a significant part of the people who defended the fortress in 1687–1689. Keywords: Albazin fortress, Dauria, Priamurye, Cossacks, garrison
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Pulsipher, Jenny Hale. "“Dark Cloud Rising from the East”: Indian Sovereignty and the Coming of King William's War in New England." New England Quarterly 80, no. 4 (December 2007): 588–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq.2007.80.4.588.

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King William's War (1689–97) has long been overshadowed by the wars bracketing it, but it was pivotal to English-Indian relations. As the English violated the treaty promises concluding King Philip's War and ignored Indian sovereignty, Indians turned to the French, establishing an alliance that would characterize the French and Indian Wars to come.
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Marco Colino, Sandra. "What Role for EU Competition Law in Regulated Industries? Reflections on the Judgment of the General Court of 17 December 2015 Orange Polska v European Commission (Case T-486/11)." Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies 9, no. 14 (2016): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/1689-9024.yars.2016.9.14.13.

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On 17th December 2015, the General Court of the European Union (GC) confirmed a fine of over EUR 127 million imposed by the European Commission (hereinafter the Commission) on the Polish telecommunications company Orange Polska (hereinafter OP), formerly known as Telekomunikacja Polska. According to the fining decision, issued in 2011 (hereinafter the Commission decision), OP abused its dominant position by refusing access to its wholesale broadband services to new entrants, acting in contravention of Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
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Bagrin, E. A. "SIBERIAN WARRIORS’ PETITIONS AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE OF F. GOLOVIN REGIMENTS CAMPAIGN TO DAURIA (1686–1689)." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 6 (72), no. 4 (2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2020-6-4-14-23.

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The article examines unpublished petitions of Siberian warriors who participated campaign of Ambassador F. A. Golovin to Dauria in 1686–1689. The campaign ended with the signing of the first treaty between Russia and China concerning the border. Petitions contains requests of warriors to return them home, warriors’ merits and deprivations. These documents allow to compare the information of original participants of campaign with the data reflected in the chancellery of the embassy. This comparison not only confirmed the reliability of the description of campaign to Dauria in the sources, but also made it possible to reveal some facts not mentioned in the embassy documents. These petitions describe the common interests and needs of warriors of various categories from different towns of Siberia. In some cases, the petitioners embellish or conceal some facts. These documents emphasize most clearly the emergency situation with provision of food and material needs of warriors as a result of hardships during transitions and military operations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Treaty of Nerchinsk, 1689"

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Shing-chen, Tsai, and 蔡幸真. "The Nerchinsk treaty and contemporary Sino-Russian relation (1581-1722)." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56837073223163503562.

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碩士
淡江大學
蘇聯研究所
83
In the early period Manchus''s territorial policy was similar to the Ming tributary system, but Manchus paid more attention to the North-east frontier. Russian expansion through Siberia usually followed river systems. Then the establishment of ostrogs controled this colonial expansion. They both encountered at Far-East. Gradually, they had initial diplomatic relations. As a result of a frontier dispute, a battle was frought at Albazin. Due to China''s perfect military preparations and planning, Manchus received this victory. But Manchus and Mongolia relations, and Russian foreign relations did not stabilize,they decided to negotiate for a treaty of peace. This negotiation at Nerchinsk was successful, because their instructions were similar. In this process of the meeting, according to each one''s strength and situation both tried to get the most profits. The Nerchinsk treaty established firmly the rule of Sino-Russian relations. This treaty promoted continual and peaceful contact between the two empires for almost 170 years. On the face of it, this was the restrictive result of the treaty. In fact, owing to interior problems, both of then disregarded this problem. After the negotiation at Nerchinsk, their relation changed. The Manchus reinforced their patroling and investigating frontier. Russian government substituted the trade policy for expansion. This point greatly influenced the Sino-Russian relation.
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Ling, Yun-xin, and 凌云欣. "The Attitude and Influence of Western Missionary Interpreters – A Case Study on the Negotiation of the “Sino-Russian Treaty of Nerchinsk”." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3q748b.

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碩士
文藻外語大學
多國語複譯研究所
106
Openness and communion have become the current consensus for the development of the whole world. Unilateral and multilateral communication between countries are increasing rapidly, so we cannot ignore that translators have gradually played a significant role in the world. With the development of diversified communication, this position has greatly attracted many outstanding people who are dedicated to translation and interpretation work. The particularity of this position is of vital importance to national diplomacy, international trade, cultural exchanges, non-governmental contact, scientific and technological promotion and religious transmission. Therefore, the professional ethics of these translators and interpreters can often influence international disputes, diplomatic events, economic disputes, cultural identity, civil harmony, scientific and technological development, religious integration and other events. As neighbors, China and Russia have many economic, political, military and cultural exchanges. However, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the two countries were constantly conflicted over the border issues. The negotiation of the treaty between China and Russia was a major step of China's diplomacy in the early Qing dynasty. It was the first treaty between China and a European country. This paper will take the Sino-Russian Treaty of Nerchinsk as an example to study the historical background, event procedures and consequences of the treaty. Besides, it will compare three different language versions translated by missionaries in order to find out the differences and errors. Then in this paper the author will analyze the translator's subjective and objective factors through the treaties to understand the causes of errors in the treaty. In the end the author will discuss the importance of legislation in translation industry to address that the translators must observe the occupational ethics, such as accuracy, integrity and fairness. Translators should never compromise, or tamper, or leak, or speculate. Instead, they should be rigorous and precise, responsible and loyal.
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費彥誠. "A History of Sino-Russian Border Negotiations: From the Treaty of Nerchinsk to the Supplementary Agreement on the Eastern Section of the China-Russia Boundary Line." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86435005265280968945.

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碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
96
From “The Treaty of Nerchinsk”(1689) to “The Supplementary Agreement on the Eastern Section of the China-Russia Boundary Line”(2004), negotiations on the Chinese-Russian border disputes lasted more than 300 years. In this prolonged period the demarcation line of boundaries changed several times. This thesis explores the structural factors of the complex forming process of Sino-Russian borderlines. Actually, the conventional concept of the three border sections of east, central, and west between China and Russia comes from the long-term historical evolution. The early boundary treaties were not necessarily signed by both sides section by section. If we use the geographical taxonomy as the thesis’s analytical structure, we may understand each border section’s formation in details, but we will not capture the whole picture of Sino-Russian border negotiations because some broad-scoped treaties which comprised not just one specific border section have to be divided into sections or resulted into overlapped discussion accordingly. Alternatively, the organization of this study takes historical events chronologically to maintain the border treaties’ wholeness in their precise historical contexts. Moreover, this thesis emphasizes the negotiation processes of important boundary treaties between China and Russia in terms of comparative power strength, which decided the expansion or shrinkage of each other’s boundary and the final settlement of Sino-Russian border dispute.
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Marques, Mauro Adriano Santos. "Portugal, China, Macau e a Companhia de Jesus: análise de episódios históricos à luz das teorias da comunicação intercultural." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/35123.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Estudos Interculturais Português/Chinês : Tradução, Formação e Comunicação Empresarial
O presente ensaio visa compreender a evolução da cadeia de eventos, cronologicamente interligados, que definem um dos grandes focos históricos de comunicação intercultural entre o ocidente e o oriente. Os descobrimentos portugueses, mais do que a quebra de barreiras geográficas e inovação na exploração dos oceanos, foram predominantemente revolucionários na forma como seres humanos de diferentes polos civilizacionais passaram a interagir uns com os outros. Com a chegada à China estabelece-se o território de Macau, assim como o diálogo entre duas potências do mundo de então. Contudo, o apogeu da importância deste território está intrinsecamente ligado ao facto de ter permitido o acesso ao Império do Meio a um outro interveniente especial: a Companhia de Jesus que, desde os primeiros estágios da sua existência, teve acesso à ásia oriental através do Padroado Português. O modo inovador que os Jesuítas conceberam para compreender e se adaptarem às idiossincrasias da China, cujo contexto cultural e civilizacional eram radicalmente diferentes da europa, faz destes missionários um interessante caso de estudo.
This thesis aims to understand a chain of events, chronologically intertwined, that define one of the great historical foundations of cross-cultural communication between east and west. The Portuguese discoveries, more than a mere geographical breakthrough and ocean exploration innovation, were predominantly revolutionary in the way they made way for human beings from different civilization poles to interact with each other. Not long after the arrival on China, Macao was established as well as the dialogues between two of the world’s powerhouses back then. However, the zenith of the importance of this territory is essentially related to the fact that it gave another special intervenient the acess to mainland China. The Society of Jesus, from the early stages of its existence had, through the Portuguese Padroado, access to the Far East. The innovative method that the Jesuits conceived to comprehend and adapt themselves to the Chinese idiosyncrasies, whose cultural and civilization contexts were radically different from Europe, makes these missionaries an interesting case study.
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Books on the topic "Treaty of Nerchinsk, 1689"

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Mi︠a︡snikov, Vladimir Stepanovich. The Ch'ing empire and the Russian state in the 17th century. Moscow: Progress, 1985.

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Mi͡asnikov, Vladimir Stepanovich. Imperii͡a T͡Sin i Russkoe gosudarstvo v XVII v. 2nd ed. Khabarovsk: Khabarovskoe knizhnoe izd-vo, 1987.

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Jishi, Shen, and Jin Guangyao, eds. Cong Nibuchu tiao yue dao Yeliqin fang Hua: Zhong E Zhong Su guan xi 300 nian. Fuzhou: Fujian ren min chu ban she, 1994.

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Johnston, Iain. The Treaty of Union 1689-1740. Paisley: Hodder Gibson, 2010.

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Treaty Series 1689. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/246683df-en-fr.

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Book chapters on the topic "Treaty of Nerchinsk, 1689"

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"No. 4789. Agreement concerning the adoption of uniform conditions of approval and reciprocal recognition of approval for motor vehicle equipment and parts. Done at Geneva, on 20 March 1958." In Treaty Series 1689, 285–363. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/70b3c7be-en.

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"No. 29133. Ukraine and France." In Treaty Series 1689, 263–66. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/72637fe0-en-fr.

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"No. 26369. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. Concluded at Montreal on 16 September 1987." In Treaty Series 1689, 507. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/58a05016-en-fr.

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"No. 22514. Convention on the civil aspects of international child abduction. Concluded at the Hague on 25 October 1980." In Treaty Series 1689, 492–93. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/590924da-en-fr.

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"No. 16510. Customs convention on the international transport of goods under cover of TIR carnets (TIR convention). Concluded at Geneva on 14 November 1975." In Treaty Series 1689, 453. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/54c9843d-en-fr.

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"No. 521. Convention on the privileges and immunities of the specialized agencies. Approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21 November 1947." In Treaty Series 1689, 277. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e2e7363f-en-fr.

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"No. 14403. Statutes of the World Tourism Organization (WTO). Adopted at Mexico City on 27 September 1970." In Treaty Series 1689, 450. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/83a88c2b-en-fr.

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"No. 8359. Convention on the settlement of investment disputes between states and nationals of other states. Opened for signature at Washington, on 18 March 1965." In Treaty Series 1689, 446. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/889bc06d-en-fr.

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"No. 29123. Spain and Argentina." In Treaty Series 1689, 23–50. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/b8cc5981-en-fr.

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"No. 23637. Accord de coopération scientifique et technologique entre la république de Finlande et les États-Unis d’Amérique. Fait à Washington le 22 Mars 1985." In Treaty Series 1689, 499–503. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/dd81abef-fr.

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