Academic literature on the topic 'Treccani'

Seminal research which indicates that bilingualism leads to enhanced executive control (Bialystok, Craik, Green & Gollan, 2009; Bialystok, Craik & Luk, 2012) has recently been challenged (de Bruin, Treccani & Della Sala, 2014; Hilchey & Klein, 2011; Paap & Greenberg, 2013). We suggest that this discrepancy in findings is attributable to differences between bilinguals. Although the present results showed no significant differences in executive control between the monolinguals and bilinguals, those bilinguals who used their L2 more frequently in their daily lives were significantly more likely to evidence enhanced executive control over those who rarely used their L2.

L'Enciclopedia italiana è stata l'opera più importante realizzata dal regime fascista in ambito culturale. Logicamente, l'Enciclopedia era attenta a riportare la versione dei fatti gradita al governo su tutto ciò che riguardava la storia recente e la politica. Nel regime, però, gli intellettuali non erano sempre concordi e in alcuni casi i collaboratori della Treccani dovettero scegliere quale interpretazione proporre. Il livello scientifico delle voci sull'attualità politica e la storia recente è vario: alcune propongono una sintesi efficace, mentre altre sono più faziose. Il controllo del governo, del resto, aumentò nel corso degli anni e fu particolarmente stretto sull'Appendice I, pubblicata nel 1938. L'articolo prende in esame le voci dell'Enciclopedia e dell'Appendice relative alla politica e alla storia recente, esaminando quali elementi dell'ideologia e della storia del fascismo gli autori hanno inteso mettere in evidenza; attraverso quali metodi hanno proposto la narrazione "ufficiale".

The safeguarding of cultural heritage and, specifically, architectural heritage, as an expression of cultural identity, meansthe defense, asthe Faro Convention argues, of human rights and is part of the concept of democracy. Therefore, there is a need for a collective participation in its protection and enhancement which concerns not only the governing bodies but also the communities that identify themselves in cultural heritage (Faro Convention, 2005). Governments have, in fact, the duty to interface with communities guaranteeing them the care of everything that can help to create "understanding, identity, cohesion and creativity". It is evident that the extreme difficulty of implementing this process is answered by adopting all the most suitable tools for safeguarding the cultural good itself (Treccani, Item: Identità). The idea of protection is linked to the awareness that cultural heritage, and the architectural one, belongs to every people and this assertion assumes that it is not really the people, but the government is the guarantor of the people who take in care the protection of the goods which is awarded with universal value.

The research is focused on the comparison between the abbreviations in modern Italian and those in Serbian and Montenegrin language, as stems for derivation by nominal, adjectival, and verbal suffixes. The approach is contrastive, and for the corpora were used mostly materials extracted from the daily press, as well as dictionaries of neologisms in the case of Italian corpus. For the Italian corpus, the dictionaries used were Neologismi: Parole nuove dai giornali (2009) by Istituto Treccani, with an updated online version of that dictionary on the publisher’s site https://www.treccani.it/magazine/lingua_italiana/neologismi/, as well as the database ONLI: Osservatorio Neologico della Lingua Italiana (https://www.iliesi.cnr.it/ONLI/), which collects materials mostly from daily and weekly press. Several studies on abbreviations were also very helpful as the source for examples of suffixation. Serbian and Montenegrin press was analyzed as one corpus, as there are virtually no differences between these languages as far as abbreviations are concerned. The latter corpus relies mostly on online versions of Serbian and Montenegrin daily press (Vijesti, Pobjeda, Dan, Novosti, Telegraf, Politika, and so on), with several examples taken from social media, blogs and web portals, for the most part through the web site Kontekst.io (https://www.kontekst.io/) which for Serbian corpus uses database srWaC (Serbian Web, https://www.clarin.si/noske/run.cgi/corp_info?corpname=srwac&struct_attr_ stats=1&subcorpora=1). As in printed Serbian and Montenegrin literature were found only older and, in some cases, outdated examples, it was necessary to complement this corpus with newer and more up-to-date materials. In the corpora analysis, neologisms derived from acronyms by suffixation were of particular interest, as an indicator of vitality and productivity of these lexical items in modern language. As they become more and more present in modern languages, this traditional approach to abbreviations as a marginal anomaly should be revised. It is necessary to establish consistent rules of writing and pronouncing for some acronyms, as well as to meet the requirements of everyday use which their limited inflection and morphosyntactic irregularity can complicate. Although their form does not conform to the rest of the language system, their use is becoming more frequent and encompassing, and the number of derivations from the most used and present abbreviations keeps growing. In both Serbian and Montenegrin linguistics, the research of abbreviations has merely started as far as word formation is concerned. Therefore, this field offers a lot of potential for further research, especially if one observes the daily influence of extralinguistic context on the changes in modern language.

Bagnara - Castelvolturno - Photo by Mario Ferrara «Collision is the crash, the impact between two bodies in motion» (Treccani, “Collisione”). In the landscape, movement characterises both the evolution of built parts and the mutability of natural parts, and new balances or new imbalances are defined starting from the possibility of recognising stable or unstable lasting arrangements. The intermediate areas between city and nature are the place of contact between the different modes and speeds of transformation of the natural and artificial components of the landscape. The contact between these components can be defined as an encounter or a collision, depending on the greater or lesser level of acceptance or rejection that is produced by the intersection. The collision is therefore identified as an extreme figure for interpreting the relationship between different phenomena that is difficult to translate, with the same power, into a design theme. «In the passage from analysis to design, it seems that the term collision tends to lose its precision to some extent. Its descriptive power rarely goes beyond the level of metaphorical evocation to become an operational design tool» (Corbellini 2015, p.69). In Bagnara - Castelvolturno, indiscriminate construction has come into collision with the uncontrolled power of the sea. In this coastal landscape of southern Italy between the Volturno river to the south and the Agnene canal to the north, the unstable balance between land and water has created a narrow sandy strip dotted with houses' ruins and inhabited by bathers. The lack of breakwaters leaves the sea currents free to erode the beaches; the presence of houses built illegally on state-owned land put the inner linear city beyond the boundaries of stability. The current landscape of Bagnara consists on the one hand of a sandy shore, with unique characteristics on the Campania coast, which acts as an unstable base for crumbling ruins, and on the other, the water swallows up shreds of buildings that become artificial rocks. The sinuous curves of the sandy and watery nature of Bagnara are juxtaposed with the rigid folds of buildings broken by the slow catastrophe. A social and aesthetic practice, photography, understood with Olivier Lugon as a documentary art, explores this landscape, becoming tangible evidence of a reality in oblivion that presents a multifaceted and complex pathological dimension. Illuminating, revealing and disseminating the state of health of Bagnara is the only cure currently in place for this landscape. The photos, like a “caress on the world” of this unstable strip of land, provide a therapeutic practice and a poetic vision of the crumbling reality of Bagnara.

We know that Giovanni Treccani bought and offered to Italy the Borso d’Este Bible in 1923, he financed the 1929-1937 edition of the Enciclopedia Italiana and the 1953-1961 edition of the Storia di Milano but nobody knows his activity as collector of modern and antique pictures which begins about in 1923. The reconstruction of Treccani collection, now lost, has been based on the autobiography of Treccani himself: Nel cammino della mia vita (1960), printed in very few copies for his daughters and sons; on the article by Antonio Morassi issued in 1930-31 on the magazine “Dedalo” and on the recovery of the correspondence between Giovanni Treccani and Adolfo Venturi who has been consultant for Treccani to the purchases of antique art. In addition to these written sources I have put the photolibrary research of these authors in Venice and Rome, in that of the Milan Council Archivio Fotografico and in other Italian and foreign Photo Libraries. After the reconstruction of the collection I have studied each picture to catalogue them. To reconstruct the contest in which the collection was born, I have considered first the background of the Milan collectionism world in the first two decades of the twentieth century, especially that of industry people in relationship with Treccani, then I analyzed the presence of the pictures of Treccani in several exhibitions between the 20s and the 50s. The borrowings of works reflect the relationship between the collector with the art historians who organized some exhibitions and allow us to hypothesize the contest in which Treccani purchased some paintings. The personality who emerges in the 20s and the 30s beside Venturi, is Ugo Ojetti. The probable responsible for the entrance in the collection of Francesco Paolo Michetti paintings and Vincenzo Gemito drawings. In the 40s the work of Treccani is in Milan and is linked to the art historians who work in the city: Costantino Baroni, Gian Alberto dell’Acqua, Fernanda Wittgens. The exhibitions of this period, some publications and the contribution of these historians for the Storia di Milano testify to this relationship. The reconstruction of the Treccani collection also has taken account of the issues financed by the entrepreneur: the pages of Enciclopedia, of the Storia di Milano, and of the Enciclopedia del costume allow you to monitor the inputs of a number of paintings in the collection and to backdate the ownership of Treccani. Finally, the study has also allowed us to identify several new works, among which should be noted a study by Pelizza da Volpedo and a painting by Adolfo Feragutti Visconti and donated by the author to the collector.

Nosso trabalho apresenta uma proposta de uso didático do dicionário eletrônico monolíngue online Vocabolario Treccani, como uma ferramenta de aprendizagem de italiano aos professores e alunos dos CELs (Centros de Estudo de Línguas da rede pública estadual de São Paulo). O embasamento teórico adota a concepção de emprego do dicionário nos estudos de línguas estrangeiras apresentados por Zucchi (2010) e por Corino e Marello (2010). As atividades foram oferecidas aos docentes de italiano dos CELs em duas palestras 2013 e 2014 , com o objetivo de contribuir para a formação continuada dos professores de língua italiana, especificamente no trato com a Lexicografia Pedagógica (Welker 2008). Na segunda palestra, os professores de italiano responderam a um questionário que serviu de mapeamento para observarmos a necessidade de um aprofundamento nos Estudos do Léxico e no uso dos dicionários em sala de aula. Além disso, buscamos explanar ainda os recursos disponíveis no próprio site do Vocabolario Treccani que auxiliem nas atividades de busca e compreensão lexical e mostrá-lo como um facilitador na pesquisa do contexto de aprendizagem referente à língua italiana, afirmando que as atividades que necessitam do uso dos dicionários não devem ser reduzidas a simples exercícios de pesquisa vocabular. Para tanto, elaboramos um caderno de atividades para o professor cujo intuito é incentivar o aprendiz de italiano a incorporar o uso do dicionário eletrônico online Vocabolario Treccani ao seu cotidiano, nas práticas de compreensão escrita, além de visar à aquisição do léxico e à aplicação vocabular nos contextos de uso. Ademais, um tutorial foi elaborado com o objetivo de explorar as potencialidades de uso do Vocabolario Treccani. Por fim, as contribuições que um dicionário eletrônico online pode trazer à aprendizagem da língua estrangeira vão desde o uso direcionado em sala de aula pelo professor até a autonomia do aluno nas atividades de pesquisa lexical.
This study presents a proposal for a didactic use of the Online Electronic Monolingual Dictionary, called Vocabolario Treccani, as an Italian learning tool for teachers and students of CELs (Center of Language Studies operating in public schools of São Paulo State). The theoretical basis adopts the conception of the dictionary use in foreign language studies presented by Zucchi (2010), Corino and Marello (2010). Activities were offered to CELs Italian teachers in two lectures - 2013 and 2014 -, in order to contribute to the continuing education of Italian teachers, specifically by dealing with the Pedagogical lexicography (Welker 2008). On the second lecture, the Italian teachers answered to a questionnaire that served as a mapping to observe the needs for a deepening in the Lexical Studies and in the use of the dictionaries during classroom. Furthermore, we also tried to explain all the resources available in the Vocabolario Treccani website, that can aid in activities search and lexical comprehension, and showed that this website is a facilitator in the study of the learning context when concerning the Italian language, stating that activities that requires the use of dictionaries must not be reduced to simple vocabulary research exercises. For this purpose, we formulated a notebook full of activities for those teachers with the purpose of encouraging the Italian learners to incorporate the use of the online electronic dictionary Vocabolario Treccani to their everyday life, in written comprehension practices, besides aiming at a lexicon acquisition and word application in the contexts of use. In addition, a tutorial was developed with the purpose of exploring the potentialities of using the Vocabolario Treccani. Finally, the contributions that an online electronic dictionary may bring to the foreign language learner goes from a directed use inside the classroom by the teacher until the learners autonomy in the lexical research activities.