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Journal articles on the topic 'Tree barks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Fasola, Taiye R., BO Olagunju, and ABC Robert. "Correlating bark thickness and girth of some medicinal trees." International Journal of Environment 3, no. 2 (2014): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10642.

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Tree barks are continually used and sold for medicinal purposes in Nigerian markets. Incessant debarking of trees, particularly the young trees by bark harvesters poses danger on the growth and survival of the plants. As it cannot be ascertained if the harvested tree barks marketed in large numbers are from older or younger trees, the study aimed at providing solution to this problem. As Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) usually reflects the age of a tree, correlation between bark thickness and DBH was attempted with their various uses. Measurements of bark thickness at breast height and DBH of

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2

Özgenç, Özlem, Sefa Durmaz, and Süleyman Kuştaş. "Chemical analysis of tree barks using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and conventional techniques." BioResources 12, no. 4 (2017): 9143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.9143-9151.

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ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and conventional analysis techniques were performed to characterize the chemical structure of different coniferous (cedar, fir, Calabrian pine, and spruce) and deciduous (chestnut, oak, alder, and beech) tree barks. The cell wall components (holocellulose and lignin) and extractives of tree barks were determined using conventional analysis methods. Chemical analysis indicated that the polysaccharide contents of tree barks were very low compared to lignin and extractives content. Substantial dissolution of tree barks was brought about by 1% NaOH. FTIR analysis method is an

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3

OPEYEMI AKINTOLA, OLUWATOYIN, ADEBOYIN FUNMI ADEROUNMU, ISAAC OLUWASEYI ABIOLA, et al. "Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemical Compounds in Barks and Leaves of Okoubaka Aubrevillei Collected from Iwo, Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Bioresource Management 7, no. 3 (2020): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35691/jbm.0202.0146.

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Okoubaka aubrevillei is an indigenous and sacred tropical tree in Africa. It is rare with allelopathic properties and has relatively little information available in terms of what is responsible for its usage for medicinal and traditional usage. The phytochemical screening and quantitative analysis of the compounds in the barks and leaves of Okoubaka aubrevillei was determined to ascertain and establish its earlier claimed usage as traditional and modern medicine. The most important classes of secondary metabolites (phytochemical compounds) specifically alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins,

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4

Beltrán-Rodríguez, Leonardo, Juan Ignacio Valdez-Hernández, Alfredo Saynes-Vásquez, et al. "Sustaining Medicinal Barks: Survival and Bark Regeneration of Amphipterygium adstringens (Anacardiaceae), a Tropical Tree under Experimental Debarking." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052860.

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Commercial harvests can threaten tree species harvested for their bark. Amphipterygium adstringens is a dioecious tree, endemic to the tropical dry forests of Mexico, where it is intensively harvested for its medicinal bark. Limited information hinders developing sustainable management strategies for A. adstringens. We assessed bark regeneration for male and female trees, and evaluated the effect of tree sex and diameter, debarking treatments and cutting seasons on bark regeneration and tree survival rates. Bark regeneration was higher for wet season harvested trees (vs. dry), regardless of th

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5

Volker, Nicolai. "The Bark of Trees: Thermal Properties, Microclimate and Fauna." Oecologia 69, no. 1 (1986): 148–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00399052.

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The thermal properties of four different types of bark were investigated on twentyfour central European tree species using thermocouples. Tree species with white bark avoid overheating of their surface by reflection of the radiation. Species with fissured and scaly barks shade inner parts of their bark. Some tree species with fissured barks show high insulation across the bark. Smooth and thin barks show no adaptation to avoid overheating. These tree species (in central Europe e.g. <i>Fagus sylvatica</i>) have to form closed stands and are not able to occur in open stands as tree species with

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6

Gurgatz, Bruno Martins, Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Gisele Antoniaconi, Paulo Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva, Luciano Fernandes Huergo, and Rodrigo Arantes Reis. "Spatial Distribution Of Atmospheric Pollutants Through Biomonitoring In Tree Bark Using X-Ray Fluorescence." Eclética Química Journal 43, no. 2 (2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v43.2.2018.p59-64.

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Several studies have shown that tree barks can absorb air contaminants, therefore, trees can be used as biomonitors to identify the distribution of atmospheric pollutants. The city of Paranaguá, located at the coast of the Paraná State in Brazil, hosts the largest bulk cargo port in Latin America and an elevated number of fertilizer processing industries. In this study we used tree barks coupled to X-ray fluorescence spectrometer analysis to biomonitor the distribution of air pollutants in the city of Paranaguá. We identified a visual correlation between the level of the elements K and Cl, wit

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7

Rajgor, Gail. "Barratt barks up the right tree." Refocus 7, no. 4 (2006): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(06)70627-8.

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8

Taufiq, Azhary, Melya Riniarti, Endang Linirin Widiastuti, et al. "Atmospheric Hg Levels in Tree Barks Due to Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining Activity in Bunut Seberang Village in Indonesia." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (2022): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040633.

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Mercury (Hg) is a useful heavy metal; however, it is toxic to both humans and the environment. Tree bark is an excellent bioindicator, which has been proven to be effective in studying the level of atmospheric Hg contamination. This study aimed to determine the distribution of evaporated Hg using the total weight of Hg (THg) in tree barks in Indonesia at the artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) area of Bunut Seberang Village and Lampung University, respectively. Samples were taken using purposive sampling, based on the criteria of forestry trees at a height level of 1.3 m above ground

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9

Yılmaz, Bilge, Sana Tabbouche, İlhan Deniz, Ali Osman Kiliç, and Zehra Can. "Investigation of Some Tree Bark Extracts and Essential Oils for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities." Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 24, no. 3 (2024): 292–301. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1599973.

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Aim of study: The objective of this research is to uncover the bioactive characteristics of ethanol extracts and essential oils from 15 different tree barks (Thuja plicata, Sequoia sempervirens, Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus nigra, Platanus orientalis, Fagus orientalis, Populus tremula, Castanea sativa, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinaster, Picea orientalis, Populus nigra, Cryptomeria japonica, Abies nordmanniana, Quercus robur). Material and method: In this study, the bioactive properties of 15 different tree barks were investigated. Ethanol extracts were analyzed for their polyphenolic content, ant

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10

Neiva, Duarte M., Jorge Rencoret, Gisela Marques, et al. "Lignin from Tree Barks: Chemical Structure and Valorization." ChemSusChem 13, no. 17 (2020): 4537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202000431.

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11

Silva, Maria Cladis Mezzomo da, Sonia Maria Bitencourt Frizzo, Maria Elisabeth do Canto Vinadé, and Antonio Renato Weiler. "Determinação de tanino na casca de Acacia mearnsii, Wild., em diferentes alturas do tronco." Ciência e Natura 7, no. 7 (1985): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25407.

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The determinations of tannin in bark samples was realizated to determine the best use for the tree barks. The present investigation has quantitatively determinated the tannin in barks of Acacia mearnsii, Wild. from the roots up to the top of the trunk in its the commercial height. The time of autoclave for the best extraction was determined too.

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12

Permyakova, Galina Vasilyevna, and Antonina Aleksandrovna Aniskina. "DYNAMICS OF PECTIN CONTENT IN LARIX SIBIRICA AND LARIX GMELINII BARK." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (November 11, 2024): 80–88. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240412916.

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The variability of pectin substances content in the bark of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and Daurian larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) on the territory of Middle and Eastern Siberia was studied. The content of pectins in the barks of Siberian larch and Daurian larch at a height of 1.3 m averages 4–5%. The bark of the whole tree trunk contains 8–9% pectins. The highest pectin content (9–12%) was observed in the bark of young parts of the tree (top and limbs), as well as in the inner bark. The variation of pectins content in one tree is significant. It increases along the trunk height from

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13

Hamad, Ahmed M. A., Saim Ates, Çağrı Olgun, and Mahmut Gür. "Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of some industrial tree bark extracts." BioResources 14, no. 3 (2019): 5657–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.5657-5671.

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Wood bark is a residue of forestry production that is used as a fuel source. The chemical composition of tree bark is similar to that of the harvested wood, and it contains a variety of useful compounds. To determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of different barks, fir (Abies nordmanniana), beech (Fagus orientalis), pine (Pinus sylvestris), poplar (Populus alba), and oak (Quercus robur) barks were selected because they are used for industrial purposes in Turkey. The dried bark powders were extracted using a 65:35 methanol-water mixture (v/v) to determine the total phenol

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14

Erenmemişoğlu, Aydın, Hüseyin Beydağı, Fariborz BEHFEROOZ, Hüseyin Üstün, Metin Tanker, and Kadirhan SUNGUROĞLU. "Hypotensive Effects and Toxicological Profile of Mulberry Tree Root Barks." European Journal of Therapeutics 5, no. 2 (1994): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.1994-5-2-1014-arch.

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The root bark of the mulberry tree has been used in Chinese Herbal Medicine. Some hypotensive compounds have been isolated from the root barks of mulberry tree. Hypotensive effects of mulberry root barks (Morus alba L and Morus nigra L) were investigated in this study. Morus alba L root bark extract lowered the blood pressure of dogs in a dosedependent manner. Hypotensive response was accompained by a slight bradycardia. They produced slightly falls in blood pressure and heart rate which generally lasted less than 3 min. Whereas, Morus nigra L root bark extract was found ineffective on blood p

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15

Cui, Zhelin, Xinran Li, Tao Li, and Mingyang Li. "Improvement and Assessment of Convolutional Neural Network for Tree Species Identification Based on Bark Characteristics." Forests 14, no. 7 (2023): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14071292.

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Efficient tree species identification is of great importance in forest inventory and management. As the textural properties of tree barks vary less notably as a result of seasonal change than other tree organs, they are more suitable for the identification of tree species using deep learning models. In this study, we adopted the ConvNeXt convolutional neural network to identify 33 tree species using the BarkNetV2 dataset, compared the classification accuracy values of different tree species, and performed visual analysis of the network’s visual features. The results show the following trends:

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16

Malan, John W., and Abraham E. van Wyk. "Bark Structure and Preferential Bark Utilisation by the African Elephant." IAWA Journal 14, no. 2 (1993): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001314.

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Bark fracture properties are thought to influence the debarking of selected trees by the African elephant. This hypo thesis was tested for large riverine tree species in the Northern Tuli Game Reserve, Botswana. An index of bark breakage strength and pliability of secondary phloem tissue was compiled for 11 common riverine species, and the bark anatomy of these species was investigated to determine relative fibrosity. The majority of species preferred by elephants have strong and pliable barks, associated with a high proportion of fibres. However, not all preferred species have these character

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17

Chun, Man Young. "Depositional characteristics of atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers on tree barks." Environmental Health and Toxicology 29 (July 17, 2014): e2014003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eht.2014.29.e2014003.

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18

Ryazanova, T. V., N. A. Chuprova, and T. A. Luneva. "Effect of Trichoderma fungi on lignin from tree species barks." Catalysis in Industry 7, no. 1 (2015): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2070050415010134.

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19

Venkataramanan, Aishwarya, Antoine Richard, and Cédric Pradalier. "A data driven approach to generate realistic 3D tree barks." Graphical Models 123 (September 2022): 101166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gmod.2022.101166.

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20

Noyori, Amanda, Mitiko Saiki, and Guilherme Soares Zahn. "Aluminum determination by instrumental neutron activation analysis in tree barks." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 314, no. 2 (2017): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5469-6.

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21

Ma, Su-Hui, Anwar Eziz, Di Tian, et al. "Size- and age-dependent increases in tree stem carbon concentration: implications for forest carbon stock estimations." Journal of Plant Ecology 13, no. 2 (2020): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtaa005.

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Abstract Aims Forest biomass carbon (C) stocks are usually estimated by multiplying biomass by a C conversion factor, i.e. C concentration. Thus, tree C concentration is crucial to the assessments of forest C cycles. As stems contribute to the large fraction of tree biomass, the canonical value of 50% or other simplified values of stem C concentration are widely used to represent the values of tree C concentration in the estimations of forest C stocks at different scales. However, C concentration variations between tree organs and within tree size and their impacts on forest C stocks are still

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22

Ucella-Filho, João Gilberto Meza, Mário Sérgio Lorenço, Elias Costa Souza, et al. "Tannin-rich tree bark extracts inhibit the development of bacteria associated with bovine mastitis." BioResources 17, no. 4 (2022): 6578–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.4.6578-6587.

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Condensed tannins were quantified in the barks of selected tree species, and the antibacterial activity of these substances against clinical and subclinical isolates of bovine mastitis were evaluated. Tree barks from Mimosa tenuiflora, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, Anacardium occidentale, and Stryphnodendron adstringens were used, as well as commercial tannin from Acacia mearnsii. The tannins were extracted using a mixture of ethyl alcohol and acetone. The moisture content (MC), Stiasny index (SI), total solids content (TSC), and condensed tannins (CT) were measured. The evaluation of antimicrobial

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23

dela, Cruz Thomas Edison E., Ryoichi S. Taguchi, Jan Meynard A. Dotig, et al. "Myxomycetes Associated with Plant-based Substrata Collected around Bulusan Lake in Sorsogon, Philippines." Slime Molds 3 (July 4, 2022): V3A1. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6795776.

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Ten plant-based substrates, i.e., aerial leaf litter (AL), ground leaf litter (GL), twigs (TW), woody vines (WV), tree barks (BK), dried inflorescence (IF), decayed fruits (FR), and dead leaves of <em>Pandanus</em> (PD), epiphytic plants (EP), and tree ferns (FN), collected along the trail leading to and surrounding Bulusan Lake in Sorsogon, Philippines, were assessed for the occurrence and diversity of myxomycetes using moist-chamber cultures. The 388 moist chambers prepared in the study yielded 25 species belonging to 12 genera. The greatest number of species was recorded from barks followed

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24

Janceva, Sarmite, Tatiana Dizhbite, Galina Telisheva, Uldis Spulle, Laimonis Klavinsh, and Marcis Dzenis. "Tannins of Deciduous Trees Bark As a Potential Source for Obtaining Ecologically Safe Wood Adhesives." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 5, 2015): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2011vol1.896.

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The bark of deciduous trees grown in Latvia: grey alder, black alder, ash tree and goat willow were sequentially extracted using solvents of increasing polarity. The data about total content of both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds were obtained using sequentially extraction with hexane and ethanol. The highest yields of hydrophilic extractives were found for grey alder and ash tree barks (25.7% and 25.8%, respectively). Hydrophilic extract from the both alder species contained high amount (up to 12% on bark dry mass) of condensed tannins (CT) or oligomeric proanthocyanidins, whereas CT co

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Azevedo, Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de, Débora Baiocchi Princivalli Campos, Diná Garcia de Souza, et al. "Relationship Between Age and Condensed Tannin Content in the Bark of Two Forest Species Grown in Northeast Brazil." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 11 (2024): e09693. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n11-073.

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Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the influence of tree age on the condensed tannins content in the bark of two forest species. Theoretical Framework: Tannins are phenolic compounds present in various parts of plants and have consolidated applications in the market. This way, silvicultural studies of different species with the potential to produce are relevant. Method: Barks of Azadirachta indica at 5, 6, and 7 years and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia at 6, 7, and 9 years were collected from an experimental plantation located in a forest area in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The barks were t

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26

Aboaba, Sherifat A., Olusegun Ekundayo, and Oluwole Omikorede. "Constituents of Breadfruit tree (Treculia africana) Leaves, Stem and Root Barks." Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 10, no. 3 (2007): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060x.2007.10643541.

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27

Hakim, Euis H., Lia D. Juliawaty, Yana M. Syah, et al. "Cytotoxic Properties of Oligostilbenoids from the Tree Barks of Hopea dryobalanoides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60, no. 9-10 (2005): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-9-1011.

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Abstract A new modified stilbene dimer, diptoindonesin D (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the tree bark of Hopea dryobalanoides, together with seven known compounds, parviflorol (2), (D)-balanocarpol (3), heimiol A (4), hopeafuran (5), (+)-α-viniferin (6), vaticanol B (7) and (D)-hopeaphenol (8). Cytotoxic properties of compounds 1-8 were evaluated against murine leukemia P-388 cells. Compound 8 was found to be the most active with IC50 of 5.7 μm

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28

Jadhav, Dinesh. "A Survey on Therapeutic Uses of Bark Drugs Obtained from Tree Species Found in Madhya Pradesh." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 24, no. 2 (2017): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2017-f8914a.

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Madhya Pradesh is known to harbour a rich wealth of medicinal plants. An attempt has been made to prepare a detailed account on therapeutic uses of bark drug obtained from tree species found in Madhya Pradesh State. The paper deals with the 72 barks of tree species of probable medicinal potential, belonging to 56 genera and 33 families. The information has been gathered from available literature on medicinal plants and field surveys.

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Dohi, Terumi, Yoshihito Ohmura, Kazuya Yoshimura, et al. "Radiocaesium accumulation capacity of epiphytic lichens and adjacent barks collected at the perimeter boundary site of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (2021): e0251828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251828.

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We investigated the radiocaesium content of nine epiphytic foliose lichens species and the adjacent barks of Zelkova serrata (Ulmaceae, "Japanese elm") and Cerasus sp. (Rosaceae, "Cherry tree") at the boundary of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station six years after the accident in 2011. Caesium-137 activities per unit area (the 137Cs-inventory) were determined to compare radiocaesium retentions of lichens (65 specimens) and barks (44 specimens) under the same growth conditions. The 137Cs-inventory of lichens collected from Zelkova serrata and Cerasus sp. were respectively 7.9- and 3.8-

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Abduh, Muhammad Yusuf, Ananda Teli Rahmanita, Elga Ridho Maulana, Valenikhe Fitri Nadhira, Tjokorda Istri Indira, and Robert Manurung. "Valorization of Lower Grade Resin, Bark, and Fruit of Styrax Sumatrana." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 5, no. 1 (2022): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v5i1.349.

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Styrax sumatrana or the kemenyan tree grows in North Sumatera, Indonesia, and its resin is commonly utilized by the local community. Other parts of kemenyan, such as barks and fruits contain valuable compounds that can be extracted to produce high-value bioproducts. This study examined the effect of different resin grades on the physical parameters and cinnamic acid content, delignification pre-treatment period of kemenyan barks with Phanerocahete chrysosporium on the amount of extracted saponin from the barks, and different fruit ripeness on the composition of the fruits. This study showed th

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Rendra, Tedy, Melya Riniarti, Slamet Budi Yuwono, et al. "Mapping Atmospheric Mercury in Lampung Province, Indonesia Using Bark of Multipurpose Tree Species." Atmosphere 13, no. 1 (2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13010002.

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The use of mercury in gold refining causes air pollution and results in the contamination of multipurpose tree species (MPTS). Tree bark has properties that cause it to store mercury for quite a long time. The purpose of this study was to determine mercury contamination of MPTS and map the mercury contamination distribution in the atmosphere using tree barks as bioindicators. Sampling was performed using purposive sampling. The mercury concentration was obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the highest THg contents were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The analysis was

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Viso, Sandra, Sofía Rivera, Alba Martinez-Coronado, José María Esbrí, Marta M. Moreno, and Pablo Higueras. "Biomonitoring of Hg0, Hg2 and Particulate Hg in a Mining Context Using Tree Barks+." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (2021): 5191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105191.

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The biomonitoring of atmospheric mercury (Hg) is an important topic in the recent scientific literature given the cost-benefit advantage of obtaining indirect measurements of gaseous Hg using biological tissues. Lichens, mosses, and trees are the most commonly used organisms, with many standardized methods for some of them used across European countries by scientists and pollution regulators. Most of the species used the uptake of gaseous Hg (plant leaves), or a mixture of gaseous and particulate Hg (mosses and lichens), but no method is capable of differentiating between main atmospheric Hg p

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YASUNAGA, TOMOHIDE, KAZUTAKA YAMADA, and TOMOHIDE OHNO. "A new species of the genus Loricula Curtis from central Honshu, Japan (Heteroptera: Microphysidae)." Zootaxa 4759, no. 1 (2020): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.6.

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A new species of the little known microphysid genus Loricula Curtis (Microphysidae) is described, based on eleven female specimens recently found from Honshu, Japan. These individuals were collected on tree barks or trunks of broadleaf forest. An updated key is provided to aid in identification of adult females of the Japanese Loricula species.

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Moreira, Tiana Carla Lopes, Luis Fernando Amato Lourenço, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, et al. "Biomonitoring Technique Using Tree Barks To Identify Hot Spots Of Air Pollution." ISEE Conference Abstracts 2015, no. 1 (2015): 1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/isee.2015.2015-1706.

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35

Rao, R. S., B. Bhadra, and S. Shivaji. "Isolation and characterization of ethanol-producing yeasts from fruits and tree barks." Letters in Applied Microbiology 47, no. 1 (2008): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02380.x.

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36

Keskinkan, Olcayto, and Behzat Balci. "Adsorptive Removal of Dyes Using Crude Tree Barks: Equilibrium Isotherm and Kinetics." Asian Journal of Chemistry 25, no. 8 (2013): 4693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.14942.

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37

Thamacharoensuk, Tanatip, Vasana Tolieng, Nuttha Thongchul, Kentaro Kodama, and Somboon Tanasupawat. "Characterisation of lactic acid producing Sporolactobacillus strains from tree barks in Thailand." Annals of Microbiology 67, no. 2 (2016): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13213-016-1248-9.

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38

Fatoki, O. S., and E. T. Ayodele. "Zinc and copper levels in tree barks as indicators of environmental pollution." Environment International 17, no. 5 (1991): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(91)90279-y.

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39

Arekatla, Kavya, B. Devasena, A. Ravi, S. Shakeela, and G. Gangaraju. "Replacing roughage with tree barks in the feeding of nellore ram lambs." Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 23, no. 2 (2023): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-181x.2023.00033.1.

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40

Ahmed MA Hamad and Milud A Altaiaf. "Evaluation of antioxidants activity of some tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal Al Akhdar) Pinus halepensis Mill, Pistacia lentiscus L, Juniperus phoenicea L." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 2, no. 1 (2021): 060–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2021.2.1.0047.

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The aim of the present study investigated anti-oxidant activity of various methanol-water extracts from tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal AL Akhdar) by four anti-oxidant assays FRAP. DPPH. H2O2 and Metal chelating activity. Additionally, these antioxidant activities were compared with BHA, BHT as reference antioxidants. Tree bark has a large, diverse class of compounds, many with antioxidant properties. This study showed FRAP inhibitory activity of the Pinus halepensis bark extracts 56.8%, while Juniperus phoenicea L 57.6%, and Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts was 69.2% The DPPH radical sc

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Kord, Behrouz, and Behzad Kord. "Heavy metal levels in pine (Pinus eldarica Medw.) tree barks as indicators of atmospheric pollution." BioResources 6, no. 2 (2011): 927–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.2.927-935.

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Bio-monitoring of air quality in TehranCity was investigated by analyzing 36 pine tree (Pinus eldarica Medw.) barks. The samples were taken from different locations with different degrees of metal pollution (urban, industrial, highway, and control sites). Then, the concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) were measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results of this study showed that the highest and lowest metal concentrations were found in the heavy traffic sites and the control site, respectively. Lead content was found to be

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Regnery, Baptiste, Yoan Paillet, Denis Couvet, and Christian Kerbiriou. "Which factors influence the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in Mediterranean oak forests?" Forest Ecology and Management 295 (June 12, 2013): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13433340.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Managed forests have the potential to promote tree microhabitats and hence to conserve the biodiversity, especially of birds, bats, and saproxylic insects, associated with such features. Although the value of tree microhabitats for biodiversity has been described, surprisingly, the factors that explain the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in managed forests remain poorly known, especially in Mediterranean forests. To address this gap, we studied the occurrence and density of nine types of tree microhabitats inventoried in 1630 tree

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Regnery, Baptiste, Yoan Paillet, Denis Couvet, and Christian Kerbiriou. "Which factors influence the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in Mediterranean oak forests?" Forest Ecology and Management 295 (June 7, 2013): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13433340.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Managed forests have the potential to promote tree microhabitats and hence to conserve the biodiversity, especially of birds, bats, and saproxylic insects, associated with such features. Although the value of tree microhabitats for biodiversity has been described, surprisingly, the factors that explain the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in managed forests remain poorly known, especially in Mediterranean forests. To address this gap, we studied the occurrence and density of nine types of tree microhabitats inventoried in 1630 tree

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44

Regnery, Baptiste, Yoan Paillet, Denis Couvet, and Christian Kerbiriou. "Which factors influence the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in Mediterranean oak forests?" Forest Ecology and Management 295 (July 3, 2013): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13433340.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Managed forests have the potential to promote tree microhabitats and hence to conserve the biodiversity, especially of birds, bats, and saproxylic insects, associated with such features. Although the value of tree microhabitats for biodiversity has been described, surprisingly, the factors that explain the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in managed forests remain poorly known, especially in Mediterranean forests. To address this gap, we studied the occurrence and density of nine types of tree microhabitats inventoried in 1630 tree

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45

Regnery, Baptiste, Yoan Paillet, Denis Couvet, and Christian Kerbiriou. "Which factors influence the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in Mediterranean oak forests?" Forest Ecology and Management 295 (July 10, 2013): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13433340.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Managed forests have the potential to promote tree microhabitats and hence to conserve the biodiversity, especially of birds, bats, and saproxylic insects, associated with such features. Although the value of tree microhabitats for biodiversity has been described, surprisingly, the factors that explain the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in managed forests remain poorly known, especially in Mediterranean forests. To address this gap, we studied the occurrence and density of nine types of tree microhabitats inventoried in 1630 tree

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46

Regnery, Baptiste, Yoan Paillet, Denis Couvet, and Christian Kerbiriou. "Which factors influence the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in Mediterranean oak forests?" Forest Ecology and Management 295 (July 17, 2013): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13433340.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Managed forests have the potential to promote tree microhabitats and hence to conserve the biodiversity, especially of birds, bats, and saproxylic insects, associated with such features. Although the value of tree microhabitats for biodiversity has been described, surprisingly, the factors that explain the occurrence and density of tree microhabitats in managed forests remain poorly known, especially in Mediterranean forests. To address this gap, we studied the occurrence and density of nine types of tree microhabitats inventoried in 1630 tree

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47

Malifa, Savea Sano. "Lighting the fire for media freedom." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 5, no. 1 (1999): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v5i1.656.

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'In Samoa, the media can be decribed as a tree that has no shadow. It offers neither shelter nor hope. It can be described as a flower that blooms but then quickly withers, as if afraid of the sunlight. Others see it as a confused animal; a sick dog which barks but won't bite because it is afraid.'

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Wang, Dong-sheng, Hai-ke Ren, E. Erihemu, and Zhi-yi Zheng. "Isolation, identification and antagonistic activity evaluation of actinomycetes in barks of nine trees." Archives of Biological Sciences 69, no. 2 (2017): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs160429109w.

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Actinomycetes are important producers of novel bioactive compounds. New sources need to be explored for isolating previously unknown bioactive compound-producing actinomycetes. Here we evaluated the potential of bark as a natural source of novel bioactive actinomycete species. Bark samples were collected from nine tree species at different elevations (1600-3400 ma.s.l.) on Qin Mountain, Shaanxi Province, China. Actinomycetes were cultivated, enumerated and isolated using serial dilution and spread-plate techniques. The antimicrobial activity of actinomycete isolates was analyzed using an agar

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Fornasaro, Silvia, Francesco Ciani, Alessia Nannoni, et al. "Tree Rings Record of Long-Term Atmospheric Hg Pollution in the Monte Amiata Mining District (Central Italy): Lessons from the Past for a Better Future." Minerals 13, no. 5 (2023): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13050688.

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Trees may represent useful long-term monitors of historical trends of atmospheric pollution due to the trace elements stored along the tree rings caused by modifications in the environment during a tree’s life. Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) tree trunk sections were used to document the yearly evolution of atmospheric Hg in the world-class mining district of Monte Amiata (MAMD; Central Italy) and were exploited until 1982. An additional source of Hg emissions in the area have been the active geothermal power plants. A marked decrease (from >200 µg/kg to <100 µg/kg) in Hg contents in he

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Su, Shan Shan, and Yang Hui. "The Study of Environment Levels of Dioxins and Furans in a Typical Regional." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.769.

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Ambient air, tree bark, soil and river sediments were sampled by the investigation of the background levels from a typical regional without industrial pollution in southern China. The WHO-TEQ of PCDD/F (WHO-2005) were 0.0366±0.0126 pg/Nm3 in ambient air, 0.8863±0.6088 pg/g in tree bark, 3.2435±0.0651 pg/g in soil and 1.4795±0.1917 pg/g in river sediments, respectively. The levels of PCDF in ambient air and tree bark were generally a little lower than the PCDD levels, but the values of PCDD were tens, even thousands times high than the PCDF in the soil and river sediments. The scope plot of PCA

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