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Journal articles on the topic 'Trees Trees Forest thinning'

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1

North, Malcolm, Jim Innes, and Harold Zald. "Comparison of thinning and prescribed fire restoration treatments to Sierran mixed-conifer historic conditions." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 2 (2007): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-236.

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Thinning and prescribed fire are widely used to restore fire-suppressed forests, yet there are few studies of their effectiveness in Sierran mixed-conifer forest. We compared stand conditions in replicated plots before and after a combination of thinning and burning treatments against a reconstruction of the same forest in 1865. The historical forest had 67 stems/ha (trees ≥5 cm DBH), equal percentages of shade-tolerant and -intolerant tree species, stems randomly distributed at the stand scale, and a flat diameter distribution across size classes. The pretreatment forest averaged 469 stems/ha
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2

Igor, Štefančík. "Crown development of beech crop trees under different thinning regimes." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 4 (2017): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/117/2016-jfs.

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Crop trees are the main bearers of qualitative and value production of the stands. Although the number and production of the mentioned trees are affected by various factors, crown development by means of the thinning regime can be considered as very significant. The paper aims at the comparison of crop trees in homogeneous beech (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus) stands, which were managed by three different management or thinning regimes for a long period (ca. 50 years): (i) heavy thinning from below (C grade according to the German forest research institutes released in 1902), (ii) Štefančík’s free
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Shen, Chenchen, Andrew S. Nelson, Terrie B. Jain, Meghan B. Foard, and Russell T. Graham. "Structural and Compositional Responses to Thinning over 50 Years in Moist Forest of the Northern Rocky Mountains." Forest Science 65, no. 5 (2019): 626–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxz025.

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Abstract A thinning study was established in 1967 in moist mixed forests on the Priest River Experimental Forest in northern Idaho, USA. The study design included three thinning intensities: low, moderate, and high intensity (1,976, 988, and 494 trees ha–1). This study examined short-term (11 years) and long-term (50 years) thinning effects on residual stand characteristics, growth, and yield. Since regeneration may occur after thinning, understory change was also addressed. Thinning decreased stand density immediately but improved the growth of residual trees. Shade-tolerant species were favo
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4

Kadir, Roszaini, and Khairul Masseat. "Heartwood durability of Dyera costulata, Neolamarckia cadamba and Khaya ivorensis trees from fast-growth plantations against subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus." Holzforschung 72, no. 2 (2018): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0067.

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AbstractTo preserve natural forests, forest plantations with fast-growing species are promoted. In the present work, the heartwood durabilities ofDyera costulata,Neolamarckia cadambaandKhaya ivorensis, from both plantations and natural forests, have been tested in comparison with rubberwood in laboratory and above-ground tests against the subterranean termiteCoptotermes curvignathus. Both young trees from forest thinning and mature trees were tested. The results show that there is no significant difference in weight loss between planted trees and trees from a natural forest. The results were a
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5

Milios, Elias, Kyriaki Kitikidou, and Kalliopi Radoglou. "New Silvicultural Treatments for Conifer Peri-Urban Forests Having Broadleaves in the Understory - The First Application in the Peri-Urban of Xanthi in Northeastern Greece." South-east European forestry 10, no. 2 (2019): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15177/seefor.19-16.

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Background and Purpose: In Greece, forest practice did not develop special silvicultural treatments for planted conifer peri-urban forests where broadleaf trees appear as natural regeneration in the understory. The aims of this study are: a) to analyze the new proposed selective silvicultural treatments for the planted peri-urban forest of Xanthi and for analogous planted conifer forests, where broadleaf trees are naturally established in the understory b) to check the research hypothesis that the new selective silvicultural treatments exhibited higher intensity in terms of the basal area of c
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6

Riquelme, Marcos A., Richard W. Hofstetter, David Auty, and Monica L. Gaylord. "Bunching as a Method to Reduce Wood Moisture through Transpirational Drying following Forest Restoration Treatments in Northern Arizona." Journal of Forestry 118, no. 6 (2020): 625–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvaa038.

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Abstract Thinning is a necessary silvicultural activity for restoring the long-term sustainability of pine forests in much of the southwestern United States. In northern Arizona, a landscape-scale restoration effort, called the Four Forest Restoration Initiative, has been implemented to recover the long-term sustainability of 2.4 million acres on four national forests. Cost-effective and efficient thinning methods are needed due to the scale of the project to help improve habitat, conserve biodiversity, protect old growth, reduce risk of severe wildfire, and restore natural forest structure an
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7

Dong, Lingbo, Hongyang Wei, and Zhaogang Liu. "Optimizing Forest Spatial Structure with Neighborhood-Based Indices: Four Case Studies from Northeast China." Forests 11, no. 4 (2020): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040413.

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The fine-scale spatial patterns of trees and their interactions are of paramount importance for controlling the structure and function of forest ecosystems; however, few management techniques can be employed to adjust the structural characteristics of uneven-aged mixed forests. This research provides an accurate, efficient, and impersonal comprehensive thinning index (P-index) for selecting candidate harvesting trees; the index was proposed by weighting the commonly used quantitative indices with respect to stand fine-scale structures, competition status, tree vigor, and tree stability. The ap
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8

Quinn, Eadaoin M., and Sean C. Thomas. "Age-related Crown Thinning in Tropical Forest Trees." Biotropica 47, no. 3 (2015): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.12218.

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9

Duchateau, Emmanuel, Robert Schneider, Stéphane Tremblay, Laurie Dupont-Leduc, and Hans Pretzsch. "Modelling the Spatial Structure of White Spruce Plantations and Their Changes after Various Thinning Treatments." Forests 12, no. 6 (2021): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060740.

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Research Highlights: The spatial distribution of trees results from several ecological processes that can be difficult to measure. We applied a point process modelling approach that uses the diameter and species of neighbouring trees to represent inter-tree interactions through repulsive and attractive processes. Thinning treatments slightly influence the tree spatial distribution of trees in white spruce plantations. Integrating this “spatialiser” into growth models could help improve stand simulations following various thinning treatments over larger areas and longer periods. It could also a
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10

Harrington, Constance A., and Warren D. Devine. "Stand development following precommercial thinning and fertilization treatments in a western redcedar (Thuja plicata) dominated forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, no. 1 (2011): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-193.

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Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don.) is an important North American tree species, but little information is available on its long-term responses to silvicultural treatments. Stand responses (mortality, ingrowth, basal area and volume growth, and distributions of trees by diameter and height classes) were followed for 25 years after thinning and fertilization treatments (alone and in combination) were applied to a naturally regenerated, low site quality western redcedar stand on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington, USA. Mortality was low overall, but the densest stands exper
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11

Skov, Kjerstin R., Thomas E. Kolb, and Kimberly F. Wallin. "Difference in Radial Growth Response to Restoration Thinning and Burning Treatments Between Young and Old Ponderosa Pine in Arizona." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 20, no. 1 (2005): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/20.1.36.

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Abstract Thinning and burning treatments based on forest conditions present before Euro-American settlement have been proposed to improve growth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) in northern Arizona. We examined tree growth response to different levels of such treatments and compared growth response between old trees that established before Euro-American settlement (presettlement trees) and younger trees that established after Euro-American settlement (postsettlement trees). We made these comparisons for 3 years of posttreatment growth in northern Arizona stands subjected to four levels of t
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12

Russo, Diego, Pasquale Marziliano, Giorgio Macri, Andrea Proto, Giuseppe Zimbalatti, and Fabio Lombardi. "Does Thinning Intensity Affect Wood Quality? An Analysis of Calabrian Pine in Southern Italy Using a Non-Destructive Acoustic Method." Forests 10, no. 4 (2019): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10040303.

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In the middle of XIX century, Calabrian pine was planted in southern Italy to increase the forest cover in mountainous areas. Many of these forest stands were never managed, since they were considered non-profitable for wood production. Therefore, in order to promote timber value, it is fundamental to study, more deeply, the characteristics and management options for this species. The acoustic technologies applied to predict the mechanical and physical properties of timber are well-established practices in forest research. In this study, we hypothesized that the tree stand density could influe
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13

Joelsson, Di Fulvio, De La Fuente, Bergström, and Athanassiadis. "Integrated supply of stemwood and residual biomass to forest-based biorefineries." International Journal of Forest Engineering 27, no. 2 (2016): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2016.1184955.

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The demand for forest biomass as raw material for a wide range of products in the developing bioeconomy is expected to increase. Along with a constant pressure on forestry to increase its productivity, this development has led to the search for new procurement methods and new assortments. The present study assessed innovative supply chain practices, with a particular focus on the integrated supply of stemwood and residual tree parts. The assortments considered included tree sections, long tops, saw logs with stump cores and small whole trees from thinnings. The assessment included geographical
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14

Gautam, Subash, Sachin Timilsina, and Manish Shrestha. "The Effects of Forest Management Activities on Genetic Diversity of Forest Trees." Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 2, no. 2 (2021): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v2i2.211.

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Genetic diversity helps to survive forest trees in several environmental changes and disease conditions. Different forest management activities such as harvesting, thinning, natural or artificial regeneration, seedlings or coppice forests, fragmentation, and overexploitation have a tremendous influence on the genetic diversity and population structure of forest trees. This paper aimed to review the impacts of these activities on the genetic diversity of forest trees. For this, we reviewed several scientific literature related to forest management practices that affect genetic diversity. Altoge
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15

Xie, Jin, Qiaoling Yan, Junfeng Yuan, et al. "Temporal Effects of Thinning on the Leaf C:N:P Stoichiometry of Regenerated Broadleaved Trees in Larch Plantations." Forests 11, no. 1 (2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010054.

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The shift from natural mixed broadleaved forests to pure coniferous plantations results in soil degradation and the unsustainable development of plantations due to the simple stand structure and low species diversity. Thinning can practically sustain the forest structure and promote the regeneration and growth of broadleaved trees in these pure coniferous plantations. The growth of regenerated broadleaved trees is closely related to leaf ecological stoichiometry, which is strongly restricted by environmental factors such as light, soil moisture, and nutrients after thinning. However, the tempo
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16

Knutson, Donald, and Robert Tinnin. "Effects of dwarf mistletoe on the response of young Douglas-fir to thinning." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, no. 1 (1986): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-006.

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Four sites from two forests were examined to determine the effect of various levels of infection by Arceuthobiumdouglasii on the growth of Pseudotsugamenziesii in precommercially thinned stands. We found less than 1% mortality among the trees that we examined. Changes in level of infection did occur; we estimate that changes to levels of infection sufficient to cause significant reductions in diameter growth occurred among 19% of the infected trees that we studied. Height growth was significantly reduced in both forests, while diameter growth was reduced by infection in one forest. Trees of lo
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17

Larson, Andrew J., Kyle C. Stover, and Christopher R. Keyes. "Effects of restoration thinning on spatial heterogeneity in mixed-conifer forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 8 (2012): 1505–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-100.

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Spatial pattern is an essential attribute of forest ecosystems and influences many ecological processes and functions. We hypothesized that restoration thinning conducted in fire-excluded ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) – western larch ( Larix occidentalis Nutt.) – mixed-conifer forest would restore spatial patterns characteristic of active fire regime old-growth. We evaluated effects of thinning on spatial patterns and also compared post-treatment patterns with reconstructions of pre-suppression patterns at nearby old-growth reference sites that develope
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18

Farida Herry Susanty. "The Valuation of Thinning Efectivity Based on Increment Respond of Natural Forest Log Over Area." Journal of Sylva Indonesiana 3, no. 02 (2020): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jsi.v3i02.4291.

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Efforts to increase the natural forest productivity was conducted using several ways one of which is through thinning but the effectiveness is not well known yet. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of thinning techniques to logged-over natural forests based on the response of the stand increment. The study design was an 11-year-old logged-over natural forest stand that was carried out systematic thinning, thinning based on built trees and without treatment with a total area of 24 ha. Data collection is done by census inventory of trees with limit diameter of 10
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19

Wu, Chuping, Bo Jiang, Weigao Yuan, et al. "On the Management of Large-Diameter Trees in China’s Forests." Forests 11, no. 1 (2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010111.

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Large-diameter trees have mainly been used for timber production in forestry practices. Recently, their critical roles played in biodiversity conservation and maintenance of ecosystem functions have been recognized. However, current forestry policy on the management of large-diameter trees is weak. As China is the biggest consumer of large-diameter timbers, how to maintain sustainable large-diameter timber resources as well as maximize ecological functions of the forests is a critical question to address. Here we summarize historical uses, distribution patterns, and management strategies of la
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20

Kadavý, Jan, Michal Kneifl, and Robert Knott. "Tree Quality and Forest Structure Changes in the First Stage of Conversion of High Forest Into Coppice-with-standards." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 5 (2015): 1485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563051485.

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The work is aimed on evaluation of the effect of thinning on stand structure and changes of the quality of the trees under strong thinning measures in the forest stand with prevailing Quercus petraea in South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Three thinning variants with 100, 140 and 180 remaining trees per hectare were applied in four replications to simulate structure of a coppice-with-standards forest on a four hectare plot of high forest. On average, the implemented thinning reduced the total tree number from 717 to 140 individuals per hectare. After the thinning, the ratio of potenti
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21

Assmuth, Aino, Janne Rämö, and Olli Tahvonen. "Economics of size-structured forestry with carbon storage." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 48, no. 1 (2018): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0261.

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We study the economics of carbon storage using a model that includes forest size structure and determines the choice between rotation forestry and continuous cover forestry. Optimal harvests may rely solely on thinning, implying infinite rotation and continuous cover forestry, or both thinning and clearcuts, implying finite rotation periods. Given several carbon prices and interest rates, we optimize the timing and intensity of thinnings along with the choice of management regime. In addition to the carbon storage in living trees, we include the carbon dynamics of dead trees and timber product
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22

Gradel, Alexander, Ochirragchaa Nadaldorj, Aleksandr A. Altaev, Aleksandr A. Voinkov, and Enkhtuya Bazarradnaa. "Spatial distribution of trees on light taiga plots before selective thinning." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 15, no. 2 (2015): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v15i2.553.

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Since 2009 the School of Agroecology and Business, Institute of Plant and Agricultural Sciences of the Mongolian University of Life Sciences in Darkhan has established research plots in two research areas in the Selenge aimag. The establishment was conducted in close cooperation with development organisations (FAO, GIZ) and the University of Goettingen. The purpose of the research initiative is to combine capacity development and monitoring of forest structure in the mountain forest steppe zone and taiga zone. Here we report results on the horizontal spatial structure of forest stands. We anal
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Cabral, Oscar Manuel de Jesús Vera, Eduardo Da Silva Lopes, Nilton César Fiedler, Carlos Cézar Cavassin Diniz, and Felipe Martins de Oliveira. "DAMAGE CAUSED TO THE REMAINING TREES OF A PINUS STAND SUBMITTED TO TWO MECHANIZED THINNING MODELS." FLORESTA 48, no. 4 (2018): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v48i4.55623.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the damage to remaining trees of pine stand submitted to two models of mechanized thinning. Data were collected in the wood harvesting areas of a forest company in Southern Brazil during the first commercial thinning with 10-year-old trees. The thinning was executed by a harvester in cutting the trees and a forwarder in extracting the logs, which was defined by thinning in the 5th planting line (treatment T1); and by a chainsaw in felling the central trees, by a harvester in cutting the other lines, and by a forwarder in extracting the logs in the ex
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24

Bembenek, Mariusz, Petros A. Tsioras, Zbigniew Karaszewski, Bogna Zawieja, Ewa Bakinowska, and Piotr S. Mederski. "Effect of Day or Night and Cumulative Shift Time on the Frequency of Tree Damage during CTL Harvesting in Various Stand Conditions." Forests 11, no. 7 (2020): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070743.

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Thinning is one of the most important tools of forest management, although thinning operations require the use of machines which ultimately cause damage to the remaining stand. The level of damage largely depends on the human factor, and a tired, less focused operator will create more injuries in the forest. With this in mind, the objectives of this research were to find out whether the probability of tree damage caused by an operator is also affected by: (1) the part of the day (dawn/day/dusk/night), and (2) the cumulative shift time. The research was carried out in pure pine stands of differ
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25

Rogozin, M. "Competition Between Pine trees and Necessity of Thinning." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 5 (2021): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/66/03.

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55-year-old forest crops of 1B bonitet pine were studied on 17 trial areas with continuous tree mapping. Average height and diameter 27.2 m and 20.6 cm, fullness 0.96, density 940–1620 pcs / ha. In the ArcMap–ArcView program, tree feeding polygons were built for the age of 30–40 years (1623 polygons) and for the same trees in 41–55 years with an increase in their area after the fall of trees (596 polygons). The correlation between the feeding area in 30–40 years and the diameter of the tree was r = 0.252±0.023 with an influence strength of 6.4%. In dense areas of crops, the studied correlation
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26

Govedar, Zoran. "Classification of trees and the effects of thinning in the artificially established spruce stand in the area of Sokolina-Kotor Varos." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 96 (2007): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0796029g.

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The classifications of trees are mainly based on descriptive (attributive) characters and they have a great significance in thinning. In forestry practice (tree marking for felling, forest inventory, etc) in the Republic of Srpska, the most frequently applied classifications are silvicultural-technical (UT) and technical classification of trees, which are based on the knowledge of tree species, stem diameter and stem quality. In IUFRO classification, based on the silvicultural role of trees, and in UT classification, the trees are classified in three categories. The knowledge and application o
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27

Thysell, David R., and Andrew B. Carey. "Manipulation of density of Pseudotsuga menziesii canopies: preliminary effects on understory vegetation." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 9 (2001): 1513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-085.

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Managing second-growth forests to conserve biodiversity has been proposed by both foresters and conservation biologists. Management, however, can have unintended consequences, including reduction in native species diversity and increased invasion by exotic species. Our goal was to determine if inducing heterogeneity in managed forest canopies could promote a diversity of native species without contributing markedly to invasion by exotic species. We examined 1- and 3-year responses of understory plants to variable-density thinning of 55- to 65-year-old stands of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Fr
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Berendt, Ferréol, Eduardo Tolosana, Stephan Hoffmann, Paula Alonso, and Janine Schweier. "Harvester Productivity in Inclined Terrain with Extended Machine Operating Trail Intervals: A German Case Study Comparison of Standing and Bunched Trees." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219168.

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The complexity of highly structured forests with multiple tree species, especially when coniferous and broadleaved tree species are mixed, as well as stands with extended machine operating trail spacing and inclined terrain, create challenging operational conditions for mechanized timber harvesting and extraction. Motor-manually felling trees within the midfield and bunching them at the machine operating trails, prior to the arrival of a harvester-forwarder system, is a complex operation. The aim of this study was to assess and compare tethered harvester productivities of a thinning operation,
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Bradford, John B., Anthony W. D’Amato, Brian J. Palik, and Shawn Fraver. "A new method for evaluating forest thinning: growth dominance in managed Pinus resinosa stands." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 5 (2010): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-039.

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Growth dominance is a relatively new, simple, quantitative metric of within-stand individual tree growth patterns, and is defined as positive when larger trees in the stand display proportionally greater growth than smaller trees, and negative when smaller trees display proportionally greater growth than larger trees. We examined long-term silvicultural experiments in red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) to characterize how stand age, thinning treatments (thinned from above, below, or both), and stocking levels (residual basal area) influence stand-level growth dominance through time. In stands thi
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Sullivan, Thomas P., Druscilla S. Sullivan, Pontus M. F. Lindgren, Douglas B. Ransome, and Walt Klenner. "Acceleration of Forest Structural Development for Large Trees and Mammals: Restoration in Decades or Centuries?" Forests 12, no. 4 (2021): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040388.

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There is a demand for more progressive restoration directives to regenerate forest ecosystems impacted by harvesting, wildfire, insect outbreaks, and mineral resource extraction. Forest restoration may take many decades and even centuries without active silvicultural intervention to grow large trees that provide suitable habitat for various wildlife species. We tested the hypotheses (H) that, compared with unmanaged (unthinned and old-growth) stands, large-scale precommercial thinning (heavy thinning to <500 stems/ha) of young lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), at 20–25 years p
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Maloney, Patricia E., Thomas F. Smith, Camille E. Jensen, Jim Innes, David M. Rizzo, and Malcolm P. North. "Initial tree mortality and insect and pathogen response to fire and thinning restoration treatments in an old-growth mixed-conifer forest of the Sierra Nevada, California." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 12 (2008): 3011–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-141.

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Fire and thinning restoration treatments in fire-suppressed forests often damage or stress leave trees, altering pathogen and insect affects. We compared types of insect- and pathogen-mediated mortality on mixed-conifer trees 3 years after treatment. The number of bark beetle attacked trees was greater in burn treatments compared with no-burn treatments, and in some cases, larger pine trees were preferentially attacked. Restoration treatments are not expected to change the trajectory of spread and intensification of dwarf mistletoe. Thinning treatments may have provided a sanitation effect in
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32

Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Frédéric Mortier, Adeline Fayolle, et al. "Tropical forest recovery from logging: a 24 year silvicultural experiment from Central Africa." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1625 (2013): 20120302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0302.

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Large areas of African moist forests are being logged in the context of supposedly sustainable management plans. It remains however controversial whether harvesting a few trees per hectare can be maintained in the long term while preserving other forest services as well. We used a unique 24 year silvicultural experiment, encompassing 10 4 ha plots established in the Central African Republic, to assess the effect of disturbance linked to logging (two to nine trees ha −1 greater than or equal to 80 cm DBH) and thinning (11–41 trees ha −1 greater than or equal to 50 cm DBH) on the structure and d
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33

Klein, J. I. "Development of a Jack Pine Seed Orchard by Mass Selection." Forestry Chronicle 62, no. 3 (1986): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc62143-3.

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An experimental jack pine seed orchard was developed in eastern Manitoba by mass selection in a plantation established with seedlings of 220 open-pollinated progenies. Three thinnings to 11 years from planting resulted in selection of 208 of the best trees out of 5280 planted on 0.3 ha. Mean height was increased from 190 to 217 cm in the first thinning and from 512 to 552 cm in the second thinning. Seed orchard trees in progenies that were found to be superior in a concurrent family test were not retained more frequently than trees from other progenies.
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34

Lüttschwager, Dietmar, and Hubert Jochheim. "Drought Primarily Reduces Canopy Transpiration of Exposed Beech Trees and Decreases the Share of Water Uptake from Deeper Soil Layers." Forests 11, no. 5 (2020): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050537.

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Research Highlights: During drought, reduced soil water availability and increased vapor pressure deficit diminished transpiration in a mature beech stand (Fagus sylvatica L.). Dominant trees were more affected than suppressed trees. The share of soil water uptake from deeper layers decreased. The ability of individual trees in the forest stand to save water during drought was apparently dependent on their social status. This would be relevant for forest management. Objectives: We investigated which basal area classes of trees contribute more or less to total transpiration under wet and dry co
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35

Nagaike, Takuo. "Review of Plant Species Diversity in Managed Forests in Japan." ISRN Forestry 2012 (June 19, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/629523.

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The effects of conifer plantation management and forest fragmentation on plant species diversity in Japan were reviewed. While most studies have demonstrated that the practice of thinning in coniferous plantations can enhance species diversity of naturally regenerated trees, such as broad-leaved trees, some have shown that thinning reduces plant species diversity through the direct physical disturbance to forests. In addition, plant species diversity in plantations has also been shown to be dependent on the distance from seed sources. Extensive forest fragmentation due to land use changes has
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López-Serrano, Francisco R., Jorge De Las Heras, Daniel Moya, Francisco A. García-Morote, and Eva Rubio. "Is the net new carbon increment of coppice forest stands of Quercus ilex ssp. ballota affected by post-fire thinning treatments and recurrent fires?" International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, no. 5 (2010): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08180.

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Coppice forest stands of Quercus ilex have been one of the forest types most impacted by fire in Spain. After fire, their capability to resprout produces a high density of stems that requires thinning in order to avoid stagnation within the stands. In August 1993 and July 2001, two consecutive fires affected a Quercus ilex coppice stand in SE Spain. This study investigated the effects of different post‐fire thinning treatments and recurrent fires on stock and net new carbon increment (NNCI) in a 6‐year‐old coppice stand. Four degrees of thinning were applied: medium thinning (to a final densit
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Ribeiro, Andressa, Carolina Souza Jarochinski e. Silva, Antonio Carlos Ferraz Filho, and José Roberto Soares Scolforo. "Financial and risk analysis of African mahogany plantations in Brazil." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 42, no. 2 (2018): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018422026717.

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ABSTRACT Wood demand is increasing in quality and quantity, and economic studies are fundamental to analyze the feasibility of forest projects. These researches are in line with management and silvicultural studies, highlighting growth and yield modeling. This paper proposes an economic evaluation of implementation of African mahogany stands in Brazil under different perspectives of forest management. Data are from plantations ranging from 1.1 to 15 years old in different Brazilian regions. Financial analysis was undertaken using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Equal
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Medhurst, J. L., C. L. Beadle, and W. A. Neilsen. "Early-age and later-age thinning affects growth, dominance, and intraspecific competition in Eucalyptus nitens plantations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 2 (2001): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-163.

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High-intensity thinning treatments were applied to young Eucalyptus nitens (Deane and Maiden) Maiden plantations aged 6 (early-age thinning), 8, and 9 years (later-age thinning). Thinning treatments were an unthinned control plus final density levels that ranged from 100 to 600 trees/ha, representing between 14 and 72% of pretreatment stand basal area. Initial planting densities were between 1143 and 1430 trees/ha. Cumulative basal area increment was significantly reduced after both early- and later-age thinning if more than 50% of the standing basal area was removed. When select groups of tre
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Štefančík, I. " Growth characteristics of oak (Quercus petraea [Mattusch.] Liebl.) stand under different thinning regimes." Journal of Forest Science 58, No. 2 (2012): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/79/2011-jfs.

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In the paper, selected quantitative characteristics of 57-year-old oak pole stage stand were analysed on plots with different thinning regimes at its establishment. Six thinning treatments were performed in an interval of 8, 14 and/or 5 years. We applied the method of target (crop) trees on three partial plots and method of promising trees on one plot with different intensity of releasing the trees of selective quality (promising and target trees). The results of both methods were compared with the control (untreated plots). Preliminary outcomes suggested that from the quantitative aspects the
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Cabrera, Omar, Patrick Hildebrandt, Bernd Stimm, Sven Günter, Andreas Fries, and Reinhard Mosandl. "Functional Diversity Changes after Selective Thinning in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador." Diversity 12, no. 6 (2020): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12060256.

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Background: The impact of selective thinning on forest diversity has been extensively studied in temperate and boreal regions. However, in the tropics, knowledge is still poor regarding the impacts of this silvicultural treatment on functional diversity, especially in tropical mountain forests, which are considered to be highly biodiverse ecosystems and also endangered by human activities. By evaluating the changes on functional diversity by using different indicators, hypothesizing that selective thinning significantly affects (directly or indirectly) tropical mountain forests, this work prom
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Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo, Willian Lucas Bonani, Cristiam Bosi, et al. "Reducing competition in a crop–livestock–forest integrated system by thinning eucalyptus trees." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 4 (2020): 574–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479720000162.

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AbstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of thinning eucalyptus trees on yield and nutritive value of corn for silage and palisadegrass in a crop–livestock–forest integrated system and to evaluate the total aboveground biomass yield in systems with and without trees. Plant variables, as well as the incidence of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil moisture, were evaluated between October 2016 and March 2018 in São Carlos, Brazil, in a crop–livestock–forest and a crop–livestock system. In the crop–livestock–forest system, eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus urograndis c
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Dupont-Leduc, Laurie, Robert Schneider, and Luc Sirois. "Preliminary Results from a Structural Conversion Thinning Trial in Eastern Canada." Journal of Forestry 118, no. 5 (2020): 515–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvaa022.

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Abstract In 2008, a thinning trial consisting in the removal of competitors around high growth potential stems (crop trees, CTs) was initiated as the first step of a structural conversion to transform even-aged stands into uneven-aged stands. Two intensities of thinning by CT release and thinning from below were tested in white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) plantations and in balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill)—dominated naturally regenerated stands. Unlike thinning from below, which aims to remove poor quality stems to improve the growth of residual trees, thinning by CT release aims
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Rentch, James S., Gary W. Miller, and Kurt W. Gottschalk. "Crown Class Dynamics of Oaks, Yellow-Poplar, and Red Maple after Commercial Thinning in Appalachian Hardwoods: 20-Year Results." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 26, no. 4 (2009): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/26.4.156.

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Abstract Silvicultural strategies are often planned to favor the growth and survival of desired species until they reach a competitive position in the upper canopy. Once desired species reach the upper canopy, they can persist and provide a variety of benefits for decades. Later, they can serveas a source of natural regeneration for sustaining species composition. Although information is available for promoting desired advance seedlings in the understory of mature stands and culturing desired saplings in the upper canopy of young stands, additional information is needed on promoting desired sp
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Matveinen-Huju, Katja, and Matti Koivula. "Effects of alternative harvesting methods on boreal forest spider assemblages." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 4 (2008): 782–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-169.

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Forestry is among the most important disturbance forces in the boreal region, having caused drastic changes to the biota. Forest industries have recently introduced alternative logging techniques to better maintain forest diversity, but little is known on how these function. We studied the short-term effects of various logging methods on ground-dwelling spiders in Finland, using pitfall traps 1 year before and 2.5 years after logging. The compared logging regimes were (i) clear-cutting, (ii) retention felling, (iii) gap felling, (iv) thinning, and (v) control. We found that (1) clear-cutting a
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Šimerda, L., and J. Souček. "Long-term silvicultural experiment with transformation of the mixed stand structure." Journal of Forest Science 57, No. 6 (2011): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2/2011-jfs.

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The paper summarizes the main characteristics of a mixed stand during 80-year transformation to the mixed stand with permanent selective structure. The initial main stand was mostly composed of conifers with group arrangement, broadleaves as the reserved trees created the upper storey. Partial opening by thinnings prepared the stand for regeneration. Heavy thinning in 1959 (22% of the growing stock) opened the main stand and released the advance growth of broadleaves. Subsequent stand development was negatively affected by air pollution. Mainly fir and spruce responded to air pollution by dete
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Pienaar, L. V., and J. W. Rheney. "Results of a Slash Pine Spacing and Thinning Study in the Southeastern Coastal Plain." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 20, no. 2 (1996): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/20.2.94.

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Abstract Results are summarized for a slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) spacing and thinning study installed 28 yr ago at 28 locations in the southeastern coastal plains in plantations established on cutover land after mechanical site preparation. Stocking densities of 100 to 900 trees/ac are represented in the spacing study with 15 yr thinning response data for thinning intensities ranging from 25 to 65% of the trees removed in selective thinnings from below. Per-acre basal area and volume prediction equations are presented for unthinned plantations and for thinned plantations when a speci
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Larson, Andrew J., and Derek Churchill. "Spatial patterns of overstory trees in late-successional conifer forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 11 (2008): 2814–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-123.

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We analyzed spatial patterns of overstory trees in late-successional Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex J. Forbes forests and late-successional Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco forests to establish reference spatial patterns for restoration thinning treatments, and to determine whether thinning treatments with minimum intertree spacing rules result in spatial patterns characteristic of late-successional forests. On average, 32.7% of overstory trees in Abies plots and 26.3% of overstory trees in Pseudotsuga plots occurred as members of multitree clusters (groups of trees in which tr
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Антонов, Oleg Antonov, Кузнецов, and Evgeniy Kuznetsov. "IMPROVING THE TECHNOLOGY OF COMPLEX CARE FOR FORESTS WITH THE AIM OF IMPROVING QUALITY OF PRODUCTIVITY OF PLANTATIONS." Forestry Engineering Journal 7, no. 1 (2017): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/25191.

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The necessity of conducting intensive forestry is becoming more and more obvious challenge, due primarily to its low profitability. To increase the economic value of forest resources and obtaining long-term competitive advantage requires creation of products with added value. One of the objectives of proper forestry management as the basis of the forestry sector is to increase qualitative productivity of plants in the process of intensive forest growing. This relates to the improvement in the quality and quantity of all trees and each tree individually, as well as the properties of manufacture
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Meadows, James S., and J. C. G. Goelz. "Fifth-Year Response to Thinning in a Water Oak Plantation in North Louisiana." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 25, no. 1 (2001): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/25.1.31.

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Abstract A 21 ac, 28-yr-old water oak (Quercus nigra L.) plantation, on an old-field loessial site in north Louisiana, was subjected to three thinning treatments during the winter of 1987–1988: (1) no thinning, (2) light thinning to 180 dominant and codominant trees/ac, and (3) heavy thinning to 90 dominant and codominant trees/ac. Prior to thinning, the plantation averaged 356 trees/ac and 86 ft2/ac of basal area, with a quadratic mean diameter of 6.7 in. Thinning reduced stand basal areas to 52 and 34 ft2/ac for the light and heavy thinning treatments, respectively. After 5 yr, both thinning
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Yang, Choi, and Lim. "Effects of Forest Thinning on the Long-Term Runoff Changes of Coniferous Forest Plantation." Water 11, no. 11 (2019): 2301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112301.

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Forests and water are closely related to each other. Thus, forest management is crucial for the sustainable clean water supply. Forest thinning is one of the fundamental forest management practices, as it can change runoff by controlling the density of trees. In this study, the effect of forest thinning on long-term runoff changes was evaluated, based on the long-term rainfall-runoff data of a coniferous plantation forest catchment in Korea. From the double mass curve and Pettitt’s test, a statistically significant increase in runoff rates was identified. A simple linear regression model of th
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