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Journal articles on the topic 'Trema orientalis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wijaya, Ewaldo Bonaventura. "Antibacterial Activity Test of Trema orientalis L. Blumae (Anggrung) Granule Extract Against Bacteria Salmonella sp with The Wet Granulation Method." INDONESIA NATURAL RESEARCH PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52447/inspj.v5i1.1751.

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Diarrhea is a cause of increasing mortality in infants and toddlers around the world. Diarrhea is a dangerous disease because it causes death and makes a case of outbreak. In Indonesia, the Trema orientalis L. plant is known as Anggrung. Trema orientalis L. leaves contain tannins especially polyphenols which have the ability to retain potassium which can cure ongoing diuresis. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Anggrung leaves as an antidiarrheal drug caused by bacteria that cause diarrhea, namely Salmonella sp and the preparation of granules from leaves of Trema orientalis L. (Anggrung) which can inhibit the growth of Salmonella sp. and become an antidiarrheal drug. The results of the research carried out namely the leaf extract of Trema orientalis L. (Anggrung) has a strong inhibitory power due to the high concentration of the extract used. And for leaf granules Trema orientalis L. (Anggrung) preparations have a strong inhibitory power because the composition of the extract used is greater so it forms a large inhibitory zone. From the research conducted it can be concluded that the antibacterial testing of extracts and leaf granules preparations of Trema orientalis L. (Anggrung) has antibacterial activity.

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2

Hemalatha, T., D. Ahino Mary, and A. Saravana Ganthi. "Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of Trema orientalis (L.) Bl. methanol extract in rats." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1-s (2019): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1-s.2353.

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The medicinal plants find wide applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and food industry. Trema orientalis has emerged as a good source of phytomedicine. T. orientalis has beneficial therapeutic properties, and indicates that it has potential as an effective herbal remedy for several diseases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of methanol powder extract of aerial part of Trema orientalis. There were no major changes in the body weight of animal treated with plant extract. The biochemical parameters like ALP, SGPT, SGOT, total protein, globulin, albumin and bilirubin were within the normal limit in the plant extract treated groups of animals. The present study shows that the methanolic extract of Trema orientalis is safe in lower dose for pharmaceutical analysis. Keywords: Acute toxicity, biochemical parameters, Sub-acute toxicity, Trema orientalis

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3

Noungoué Tchamo, D., G. Cartier, M. G. Dijoux-Franca, E. Tsamo, and A. M. Mariotte. "Xanthones and Other Constituents of Trema orientalis." Pharmaceutical Biology 39, no. 3 (2001): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/phbi.39.3.202.5930.

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4

Danu, NFN. "Influence of Cutting Materials and Growth Regulators on the Growth of Trema (Trema orientalis L.) Cuttings." Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan 6, no. 1 (2018): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/bptpth.2018.6.1.31-40.

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5

Saleh, A., S. M. Zainal-Ariffin, S. F. Yahaya, and A. G. Khaleel. "Antioxidant Activities and Estimation of Phenol and Flavonoid Contents in The Extracts Of Trema Orientalis Linn Blume." Nigerian Veterinary Journal 41, no. 2 (2021): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/nvj.v41i2.1.

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Phytochemical analysis is important in the evaluation of bioactive compounds from plants. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathology of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cataract, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity of Trema orientalis. Antioxidant activity was estimated spectrophotometrically using 2,2– diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. The total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents of the Trema orientalis extracts were determined using standard methods. IndependentSample T–test was used for Data analyses. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Total phenolic contents were found to be 260.96±2.31 mg GAE/g and 134.08±0.56 mg GAE/g in the ethanol and aqueous extracts respectively. Similarly, total flavonoid contents were between 32.71±0.89 and 4.70±0.23 mg GAE/g. The radical scavenging effect was observed in ethanol extract with IC50 = 9.27 µg/mL. The abundance of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of the T. orientalis could confirm their good therapeutic potentials inethnobotany. Keywords: Trema orientalis, Phenols, Flavonoids, Antioxidant activities

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6

Yuniarti, Naning, Rina Kurniaty, N. F. N. Danu, and Nurmawati Siregar. "MUTU FISIK, FISIOLOGIS, DAN KANDUNGAN BIOKIMIA BENIH TREMA (Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) BERDASARAN TINGKAT KEMASAKAN BUAH." Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan 4, no. 2 (2016): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/bptpth.2016.4.2.53-65.

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7

Uddin, Sarder Nasir, Mst Nazma Yesmin, Mk Pramanik, and Ma Akond. "Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activities of Trema orientalis Linn." Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 9, no. 4 (2009): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3742/opem.2009.9.4.320.

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8

Yuniarti, Naning, Dida Syamsuwida, and Rina Kurniaty. "The changes of viability, vigor, and biochemical content of Trema (Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) seeds during storage." Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 7, no. 1 (2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18330/jwallacea.2018.vol7iss1pp83-92.

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The seed of trema (Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) is categorized as physiologically intermediate which decline faster during storage compared to orthodox seeds, resulting in the changes of its viability, vigor and biochemical contents.The study was objected to determine the changes of viability, vigor and biochemical contents of trema seeds during storage. The seeds were collected from Badung - Bali province. Seeds testing were carried out in a laboratory and glasshouse of Forest Tree Seed Technology Research & Development Centre. Biochemical analysis was implemented in Soil and Plant Laboratory, Seameo- Biotrop. A Completely Randomized Design was employed in this trial with a treatment of storage periods (0.1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months). The parameters were germination capacity, germination speed, moisture content and biochemical content including carbohydrate, protein and fat. The results revealed that all the parameters were significantly affected by storage periods. After six months periods of trema seeds storage, it would caused the decrease of moisture content (6.2%), germination capacity (61%), germination speed (2.5%/etmal), carbohydrate (19.2%) and protein contents (1.8%). However, the content of fat was increased significantly (10.2%).

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9

Napiroon, Tiwtawat, Keerati Tanruean, Pisit Poolprasert, et al. "Cannabinoids from inflorescences fractions of Trema orientalis (L.) Blume (Cannabaceae) against human pathogenic bacteria." PeerJ 9 (May 13, 2021): e11446. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11446.

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Background Cannabinoids; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN), might show antibacterial activity. Trema orientalis is a species in the Cannabaceae that is closely related to Cannabis through plastome phylogenetic evidence. This species is widely distributed throughout tropical Asia and is used as traditional medicine, particularly for the treatment of infectious diseases. However, no studies on the antibacterial activity of cannabinoid-containing inflorescences extracts are available. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine cannabinoid content and antibacterial activity of inflorescences fractions from T. orientalis native to Thailand. Methods We hypothesized that inflorescences from T. orientalis might display cannabinoids similar to Cannabis because of their close taxonomic relationship. We extracted the mature inflorescences and infructescence of T. orientalis in three disparate populations from different Thailand floristic regions. Extractions were subsequently partitioned into hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions using distilled water and chloroform. The lipophilic extracts were further fractionated by the column chromatography with gradient elution and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Characterized cannabinoids were used in bioassays with multidrug-resistance bacteria. Results Lipophilic extracts and fractions of inflorescences from all Thailand floristic regions consistently displayed cannabinoids (THC, CBD and CBN) in various quantities. These extracts exhibited inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii strains with minimum inhibitory concentration values varying from 31.25 to 125 µg/mL. Conclusion Our study is the first to report cannabinoid detection in extracts from inflorescences of T. orientalis, a species in the Cannabaceae. These extracts and their fractions containing cannabinoids showed pronounced antibacterial activity. The use of analytic methods also demonstrated reproducible cannabinoid extraction.

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Yuniarti, Naning, Rina Kurniaty, and Dida Syamsuwida. "STUDY ON PRIMING METHODS TO ENHANCE THE VIABILITY AND VIGOR OF TREMA (Trema orientalis LINN. BLUME) SEEDS." Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 6, no. 1 (2019): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2019.6.1.69-83.

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11

St-Laurent, Luc, Bernard R. Baum, Koffi Akpagana, and John T. Arnason. "Leaf trichome morphology and density in West African Trema spp. (Ulmaceae: Celtidoideae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 1 (2000): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-157.

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Leaf trichome morphology and density are described for three species belonging to the genus Trema from West Africa: T. africana (Planch.) Blume, T. orientalis (L.) Blume, and T. nitens (Hook. & Planch.) Blume. Leaves of specimens collected in West Africa were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Unicellular trichome morphology was assessed, and a 3 × 3 two-way contingency table analysis showed dependence between the trichome type and species identity. Density of unicellular and multicellular trichomes on both leaf surfaces as well as the number of cells composing the stalk of multicellular trichomes were measured and subjected to nonparametric analysis of variance. Kruskal-Wallis tests yielded significant results (p < 0.05) among the three species for all characters except unicellular trichome density on the adaxial leaf surface. Wilcoxon two-sample tests showed that all species were different, except for the density of multicellular trichomes on the abaxial leaf surface where densities in T. africana and T. orientalis were not significantly different. The number of cells composing the stalk of multicellular trichomes was significantly different among each species on the adaxial leaf surface, but on the abaxial one, T. africana and T. orientalis exhibited no significant differences. The value of these characters in the discrimination between the three species is discussed.Key words: Trema spp., Ulmaceae, West Africa, leaf trichomes, morphology, density.

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12

Samantaray, S., G. R. Rout, and P. Das. "An in vitro study on organogenesis in Trema orientalis (Blume) Linn." Plant Science 105, no. 1 (1995): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(94)04037-h.

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13

Qiu, Jian, Jean Ran Gao, Mon Lin Kuo, and Jian Li. "Study of Puffing Cell Walls." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.239.

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Since wood is porous it also is a good heat and sound insulating material. Puffing the cell wall may lose certain level of mechanical properties but would increase its insulation properties. In this study, Trema orientalis wood was first treated with nitric acid aqueous solution to damage the S3 layer of cell walls, followed by puffing the cell wall inward with saturated urea and ZnCl2 solutions. Results indicated that treating Trema orientalis with 10% nitric acid at 100 oC for 20 minute damaged the S3 layer of cell walls, and the subsequent treatment with urea and ZnCl2 saturated solutions caused the fiber tracheid walls to swell up to 76%. Then, the swollen material was dried with critical CO2 fluid to obtain puffed wood. SEM examinations of nitric acid-treated samples showed that lignin were removed from the S3 layer surfaces and S3 mirofibrils were ruptured causing the entire secondary walls to swell inward.

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14

Aboaba, Sherifat, and Iqbal Choudhary. "Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Volatile Oils of Palisota hirsuta (Thunb) K. Schum and Trema orientalis (L) Blume." International Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijc.v7n2p21.

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Leaves of Palisota hirsuta (Thunb) K. Schum. and Trema orientalis (L) Blume. were collected from a farm land in Nigeria. The volatile oils were isolated using hydrodistillation and GC-MS method to determine their yield and composition. Antimicrobial activities of various oils obtained were also evaluated. Thirty-three (33) and thirty-seven (37) compounds were identified representing 98.9% and 99.4% of the entire constituents in the leaf oils of P. hirsuta and T. orientalis respectively. The main components of P. hirsuta oil were nonanal (19.6%), 1-Octen-3-ol (9.4%), hexenal (7.7%) and o-Cymene while those from T. orientalis were tetradecanal (33.3%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.5%), farnesylacetone (5.6%) and linalool (4.3%). Both leaf oils displayed different activity against the tested microorganisms.

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15

Jahan, M. Sarwar, and Sung Phil Mun. "Isolation and Characterization of Lignin from Tropical and Temperate Hardwood." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 44, no. 3 (2010): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v44i3.4399.

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Dioxane and milled wood lignins (MWL) were isolated from tropical hardwood, Nalita (Trema orientalis) and temperate hardwood, aspen. These lignins were characterized by UV, FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation, molecular weight determination, elemental and methoxyl analysis. The structural analysis revealed that Nalita and aspen lignin is syringyl-guaiacyl type. Aspen lignin had higher syringyl unit than Nalita lignin. The β-O-4 type linkages are the main interunit linkages and more abundant in aspen than Nalita. Dioxane lignin showed higher free phenolic hydroxyl group than MWL in both species. The weight average molecular weight of aspen lignin was lower than that of Nalita lignin. Nalita and aspen lignins contained both erythro and threo configuration, but erythro proton gave stronger peak. A UV absorption maximum of aspen lignin was at 274 nm, whereas it was shifted to 280 nm for Nalita lignin. Keywords: Trema orientalis, Aspen, Dioxane lignin, Milled wood lignin, Syringyl-guaiacyl, β-O-4 linkages DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i3.4399 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(3), 271-280, 2009

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16

Samuel, Babatunde, Wande Michael Oluyemi, and Oyindamola Abiodun. "Bioguided investigation of the antimalarial activities of Trema orientalis (L.) Blume leaves." African Journal of Biotechnology 14, no. 43 (2015): 2966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2015.14551.

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17

Sajinkumar, K. S. "Trema orientalis: a suspected indicator plant for palaeo-landslides in tropical areas." Natural Hazards 78, no. 3 (2015): 2169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1783-x.

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18

Samantaray, Sanghamitra, Gyana Ranjan Rout, and Premananda Das. "Chromium and nickel tolerance of Trema orientalis (Blume) L. in tissue culture." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 21, no. 1 (1999): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11738-999-0024-x.

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19

Saleh, A., A. Usman, N. B. Ibrahim, et al. "Clinicopathological Effects of Oral Administration of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Charcoal–Tree (Trema Orientalis Linn Blume) in Jamnapari Crossbred Goats." Nigerian Veterinary Journal 41, no. 3 (2021): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/nvj.v41i3.3.

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The present study was aimed at evaluating the clinicopathological changes due to oral administration of ethanol leaf extract of Trema orientalis (ELETO) in Jamnapari crossbred goats. The clinical manifestations, gross and histopathological changes in the major vital organs were used as indices of the toxicity. The severity of gross and microscopic changes were evaluated by scoring technique. Twenty goats weighing between 15-20kg were divided into four groups with five goats in each group in a completely randomized design. The test groups I, II, III were administered ELETO at the dosages of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g/kg b.wt per os/day respectively, for 14 days while, group IV served as a control. Groups II and III showed decreased appetite whereas, group III showed bilateral congestion of ocular mucous membrane, lacrimation, rectal tenesmus and a significant decrease in body weight compared to control. The main gross and microscopic changes were mild to moderate and included; engorgement of the gall bladder, congestion and icteric liver, hepatocellular degeneration, vacuolation, necrosis and renal congestion observed mainly in group III goats. The results indicate that the ELETO was hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic at continued oral doses equal to or more than 2.0g/kg b.wt in goats but no significant toxicity when used at lowers doses. Therefore, special caution should be taken when keeping goats in areas with T. orientalis. Keywords: Ethanol extract, Trema orientalis, Clinicopathological changes, Goatsv

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20

SIREGAR, MUSTAID, and NI KADEK EROSI UNDAHARTA. "Tree standing dynamics after 30 years in a secondary forest of Bali, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 1 (2018): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190104.

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Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2018. Tree standing dynamics after 30 years in a secondary forest of Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 22-30. Tree standing dynamics in 0.5 ha plot after 30 years in Bukit Tapak secondary forests, Batukahu Nature Reserve, Province 0f Bali was studied by using plot method. The results showed that the tree species richness is same, 33 species, but there are six species disappear and be replaced by another species as a newcomer. Eight species persist as major species based on the importance value, namely: Homalanthus giganteus, Vernonia arborea, Dendrocnide stimulans, Meliosma angustifolia, Saurauia reinwardtiana, Trema orientalis, Macaranga triloba and Polyosma integrifolia. Tree density decreased 19.7%, but the total basal area increased 12.2% with an average basal area per tree were also increased by 39.7%. Shannon diversity index (H`) and Equitability index (E) was increased in 2016. Forests in the plot categorized as old secondary forest are still in the process of maturation toward the primary forest. Species predicted would disappear with a succession of increasingly advanced process is Trema orientalis, while the predicted to survive for much longer are Homalanthus giganteus, Acronichia trifoliolata, Meliosma angustifolia, Polyosma integrifolia, Saurauia reinwardtiana and Dendrocnide stimulans.

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21

Adinortey, MichaelBuenor, IsaacK Galyuon, and NicholasOteng Asamoah. "Trema orientalis Linn. Blume: A potential for prospecting for drugs for various uses." Pharmacognosy Reviews 7, no. 1 (2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.112852.

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22

Yudha S., Salprima, Eka Angasa, Sri Ningsih, Syalfinaf Manaf, Suli Anggria Murni, and Fatan Umbara. "IRON CHELATING AND ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF KAYU MANIK LEAVES (Trema orientalis)." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 2 (2011): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21410.

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A methanol soluble fraction extracted from Kayu Manik leaves (Trema orientalis) from Seluma, Bengkulu, exhibited an antiradical activity 69.73% (scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical) that was almost similar to that of 1 mM ascorbic acid. On the other hand, the iron chelating activity was 40.74%. We believe that it would be useful to take the results as an alternative for processing industries and can be observed as a good source of new agent for iron chelator.

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23

Jahan, M. Sarwar, and Sung Phil Mun. "Effect of tree age on the cellulose structure of Nalita wood (Trema orientalis)." Wood Science and Technology 39, no. 5 (2005): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-005-0291-7.

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24

Jahan, M. Sarwar, and Sung Phil Mun. "Characteristics of Dioxane Lignins Isolated at Different Ages of Nalita Wood (Trema orientalis)." Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology 27, no. 2 (2007): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773810701486865.

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25

K.N, Jiji, Pramod C, Boby S Prasad, and DR P. Muralidharan. "Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Trema Orientalis (L.) Blume Leaves." IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 11, no. 05 (2016): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3008-1105011726.

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26

Yuniarti, N., and Nurhasybi. "The Effect of Sieve Mesh Size for Trema(Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) Seed Selection to Its Seed Viability and Seedling Growth." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 308 (September 4, 2019): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/308/1/012052.

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27

Uddin, Sarder Nasir. "Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Trema orientalis Linn: an indigenous medicinal plant of indian subcontinent." Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 8, no. 4 (2008): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3742/opem.2008.8.4.395.

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Azad, A. K., Shoumen Lasker, Irfan-Ur Rahaman, Ohidul Islam, and Sharmin Akter M. "COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ANTIOXIDANT AND THROMBOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL AND ETHYLACETATE EXTRACTS OF TREMA ORIENTALIS." International Journal of Innovations in Biological and Chemical Sciences 9 (December 2016): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20530/ijibcs_9_47-51.

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Ajayi, Glory, Agumage Idoko, and Abdulrahman Usman. "Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Trema orientalis (Ulmaceae) Stem Bark Extracts on Respiratory Tract Bacteria." Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research 2, no. 12 (2019): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v2i12.4.

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30

Adjileye, Adédoyin A. Rafatou, Abdou Madjid O. Amoussa, Rafiou Adamou, et al. "Antihypertensive effect of Dialium guineense Wild. and Trema orientalis L. in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats." Journal of Phytopharmacology 9, no. 1 (2020): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2020.9102.

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Jahan, M. Sarwar, Nasima Chowdhury, and Yonghao Ni. "Effect of different locations on the morphological, chemical, pulping and papermaking properties of Trema orientalis (Nalita)." Bioresource Technology 101, no. 6 (2010): 1892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.024.

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32

Trockenbrodt, M., Y. Nasrah, and K. Misalam. "Density variation in Bayur (Pterospermum sp.), Randagong (Trema orientalis) and Magas (Duahanga moluccana) from Sabah, Malaysia." Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 56, no. 4 (1998): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001070050304.

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Rout, G. R., S. Samantaray, and P. Das. "REGENERATION OF TREMA ORIENTALIS (BLUME) LINN.: EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS, CULTURE CONDITIONS, AND AGE AND SOURCE OF EXPLANTS." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 43, no. 4 (1995): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1995.10676625.

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Optimal conditions for high frequency shoot bud regeneration from leaf callus of Trema orientalis (Blume) Linn. were studied. The regeneration rate was controlled by the growth regulators, the age and the source of the explants, and the illumination conditions. Irrespective of illumination conditions, shoot bud regeneration was achieved only in media containing benzyladenine (BA) + α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) combinations, with the best results being obtained in the presence of 2.5 mg/1 BA and 0.25–0.5 mg/1 NAA. The morphogenic response was less frequent in the calluses derived from leaf explants of the mature trees compared to those of the in vitro-grown seedlings. The rate of shoot bud regeneration was more pronounced in the cultures maintained for 4 weeks in the light (16-h photoperiod) than the cultures incubated in the dark. Regenerated shoots were rooted on the medium containing 1/2 strength basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts supplemented with 0.01 mg/1 NAA or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The rooted plantlets were established in the greenhouse.

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Oyebola, Oluwatoyosi Eniola, Olajumoke Abimbola Morenikeji, and Isaiah Oluwafemi Ademola. "In-vivo antimalarial activity of aqueous leaf and bark extracts of Trema orientalis against Plasmodium berghei in mice." Journal of Parasitic Diseases 41, no. 2 (2016): 398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0815-0.

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35

Alex, Taman, and Budi Winarni. "Keterawetan Kayu Anggerung." Buletin Poltanesa 21, no. 1 (2020): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51967/tanesa.v21i1.328.

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Kayu anggerung (Trema orientalis) saat ini belum banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan konstruksi, karena mempunyai sifat keawetan atau daya tahan rendah terhadap perusak kayu secara alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai keterawetan kayu anggerung. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada nilai retensi aktual dan nilai porositas kayu dengan cara mencari nilai tinggi resapan air terkoreksi (Corrected Water Absorption Height). Untuk uji berat jenis dan kadar air kayu anggerung dibuat contoh uji berukuran 2x2x2 cm. Untuk mencari nilai retensi pada konsentrasi tembaga sulfat 2%, 3% dan 4% menggunakan contoh uji berukuran 2x2x20 cm. Pengukuran porositas pada air dengan cara membuat serbuk kayu anggerung dikeringkan dengan oven. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai retensi aktual tertinggi berdasarkan rendaman selama 2 minggu terdapat pada konsentrasi tembaga sulfat 4%, dan nilai porositas menunjukkan bahwa kayu anggerung termasuk jenis kayu yang mudah diresapi bahan pengawet.

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Suryana, Suryana, Parikesit Parikesit Parikesit, and Johan Iskandar Iskandar. "Struktur Vegetasi Kawasan Hutan Pada Zona Ketinggian Berbeda di Kawasan Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 16, no. 2 (2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.16.2.130-135.

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ABSTRAKVegetasi Hutan di Kawasan Hutan Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat telah dilakukan pada Maret – November 2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik plot kuadrat yang diletakan di sepanjang transek. Sebanyak 43 jenis tumbuhan telah ditemukan yang terbagi ke dalam kategori pohon dewasa, tiang, pancang, dan semai. Kategori pohon, tiang pancang dan semai berturut-turut ditemukan sebanyak sebanyak 12, 25, 23, dan 21 jenis. Kurai (Trema orientalis) adalah jenis yang menguasai pada kategori pohon, paku bagedor (Cyathea contaminans) pada kategori tiang, kiseureuh (Piper aduncum) pada kategori pancang, dan nangsi (Villebrunea rubescens) pada tingkat semai. Komposisi jenis vegetasi pada dua zona berbeda, tetapi jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang dominan pada dua zona tersebut hampir sama. Hutan Gunung Galunggung masih berada dalam kondisi yang belum klimaks, populasi dan strukturnya masih dalam tahap perkembangan/tahap sekunder. Hal ini ditandai dengan tingkat keanekaragamannya yang sedang dan ditemukannya jenis huru (Litsea sp.), puspa (Schima walichii), hamerang (Vernonia arborea), dan nangsi (Villebrunea rubescens), serta jenis lainnya yang merupakan karakteristik hutan hujan pegunungan yang berada pada tahap suksesi “seral”.ABSTRACTThe study of forest vegetation in the area of Galunggung Mountains, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java have been carried out in March to November 2016. The method used is survey method. The data was collected teknic square plots placed along the transect. The research found as many as 43 in the plant species, which are divided into categories of tree, poles, saplings and seedlings. Kurai (Trema orientalis) is dominant species into tree categories, Paku bagedor (Cyathea contaminans) into poles, Kiseureuh (Piper aduncum) into saplings, and Nangsi (Villebrunea rubescens) into seedlings. The composition of vegetation types found in two different zones indicates a difference, but it can be said that the plant species are dominant in the two zones are almost the same. Galunggung forests are still in a state that has not climax, and the population structure is still in development (secondary stage). Marked with the current level of diversity and the discovery of Huru (Litsea sp.), Puspa (Schima walichii), Hamerang (Vernonia arborea), and Nangsi (Villebrunea rubescens), as well as other types that are characteristic of rain forest at mountian seral successional stage.Keywords: Vegetation, Rain Forest at Mountain, Seral Successional StageSitasi: Suryana, Iskandar, J., Parikesit, Partasasmita, R. dan Irawan, B. (2018). Struktur Vegetasi Kawasan Hutan pada Zona Ketinggian Berbeda di Kawasan Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(2), 130-135, doi:10.14710/jil.16.2.130-135

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Olajide, J. E., M. Sanni, O. J. Achimugu, M. S. Suleiman, E. R. Jegede, and V. D. Sheneni. "Effect of methanol extract of Trema orientalis leaf on some biochemical and histopathological indices of wistar albino rats with cadmium-induced - hepatotoxicity." Scientific African 10 (November 2020): e00568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00568.

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Wahyuni, Nurlita Indah, and Hendra Susanto Mokodompit. "Structure, Composition and Diversity of Tree Species at Inobonto Poigar I Production Forest, Forest Management Unit of Poigar, North Sulawesi." Jurnal Wasian 3, no. 1 (2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jwas.v3i1.1174.

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Most of primary forest after exploitation era in Indonesia was converted into secondary forest including Forest Management Unit of Poigar. On the other hand the understanding of forest vegetation will help ecology restoration efforts. This study aims to analyze the structure, composition and tree species diversity of Inobonto Poigar I. In order to accomplish the proposed objectives, 31 plots of 20 m x 20 m were randomly established in the forest area where number and name of tree species in each plot was identified and counted. The research was conducted on September 2014 and recorded a total of 78 species within measured plot. The average basal area of the forest was 16,77 m2/ha and the size class distribution was different from primary forest which is resembled a reserved J-shaped pattern. Trema orientalis was found as the dominant species among tree and pole levels, whereas Piper sp. dominated sapling level respectively. The Shannon-Wiener index showed that sapling has the higher diversity than tree and poles. The result of structure and composition analysis of vegetation has indicated that Inobonto I forest is secondary forest.

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Mpiana, P. T., K. N. Ngbolua, V. Mudogo, et al. "Anti Sickle Erythrocytes Haemolysis Properties and Inhibitory Effect of Anthocyanins Extracts of Trema orientalis (Ulmaceae) on the Aggregation of Human Deoxyhemoglobin S in vitro." Journal of Medical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2011): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jms.2011.129.137.

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Ngomanda, Alfred, Katharina Neumann, Astrid Schweizer, and Jean Maley. "Seasonality change and the third millennium BP rainforest crisis in southern Cameroon (Central Africa)." Quaternary Research 71, no. 3 (2009): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.12.002.

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AbstractThe third millennium BP crisis of the central African rainforest is not sufficiently understood. The low resolution of most pollen profiles and a large plateau of the calibration curve aggravate the exact dating of the event, and its causal climatic parameters are debated. We present a high-resolution pollen profile from the swamp site Nyabessan in the southern Cameroonian rainforest, covering the period 3100-2300 cal yr BP. Between 3100 and 2500 cal yr BP, the climate was favourable for a regional evergreen forest with Caesalpiniaceae and Lophira and a local Raphia swamp forest. Around 2500/2400 cal yr BP, a significant decrease of mature forest and swamp forest taxa and an increase of pioneers indicate that the rain forest was seriously disturbed and replaced by secondary formations. The dominance of Trema orientalis, a pioneer well adapted to seasonal desiccation, points to a much more accentuated seasonality after 2500 cal yr BP, which seems to be linked to a southwards shift of the ITCZ during the northern hemisphere winter months. We propose that the rain forest crisis between 2500 and 2200 cal BP created favourable conditions for farming and paved the way for a major expansion of Bantu speaking populations.

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Cao, Min, Yong Tang, Caiyu Sheng, and Jianhou Zhang. "Viable seeds buried in the tropical forest soils of Xishuangbanna, SW China." Seed Science Research 10, no. 3 (2000): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500000283.

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AbstractThis paper examines the composition and density of soil seed banks under a mature seasonal rain forest (>150 years old), three secondary forests (4 yr Trema orientalis forest, 9 yr Macaranga denticulata forest and 25 yr Mallotus paniculatus forest) and in a slash-and-burn field of Xishuangbanna, southwest China. Seeds in the secondary forests germinated most rapidly in the first week, while the seeds of the seasonal rain forest and the slash-and-burn field soils germinated slowly over the first 6 weeks and peaked in the seventh and eighth weeks. Seed densities were 4585–65,665 seeds m−2 for forest sites and 1130 seeds m−2 for the slash-and-burn field in the top 10 cm of the soils. The seed density decreased with soil depth in the forest sites and tended to decline during succession. Herbs accounted for the largest proportion of seeds at all five sites. The importance of woody species, however, increased as forests became older. Slash and burn eliminated a large number of seeds in the upper soil and, consequently, reversed the vertical distribution of seeds in the soil and had a negative impact on family, genus and species richness of the soil seed bank as well.

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Mansur, Muhammad. "LAJU FOTOSINTESIS JENIS-JENIS POHON PIONIR HUTAN SEKUNDER DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK JAWA BARAT." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 12, no. 1 (2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v12i1.1260.

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Tree growth is closely related to the process of photosynthesis. So far the rate of photosynthesis in elements of secondary forests has not been known, especially in pioneer species. At the same height of the place and micro-climate conditions, the rate of photosynthesis of pioneer species of secondary forest has a different rate of photosynthesis. This study aims to determine the ability of the rate of photosynthesis of some secondary forest pioneer tree species in order to support reforestation efforts on degraded forests and at the same time looking for the kinds of pioneers who have a high absorption of CO2 gas in an effort to reduce global warming caused by emissions CO2 gas in the air. The survey results noted there are 6 common pioneer tree species grow at the sites. Trema orientalis had the highest CO2 assimilation value which is equal to 20,350 μmol m-2s-1, followed by the Macaranga triloba (17,198 μmol m-2s-1), Omalanthus populneus (14,097 μmol m-2s-1), Mallotus paniculatus (13,118 μmol m-2s-1), Macaranga tanarius (12,862 μmol m-2s-1) and Weinmannia blumei (10,058 μmol m-2s-1). Research conducted during the rainy season (September 2010). During measurement, the light radiation in the upper leaf surface between 63,583 to 363,750 μmol m-2s-1, air temperature 21,8 to 26,70C, air humidity 75,8-89,8%, light intensity 2483,3 to 28701,7 Lux, soil pH 5,8 to 6,3 and soil moisture between 50,7 to 71,7%.

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Agyemang, A. O., M. L. K. Mensah, R. C. Yamile, et al. "Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Heptonica: A Ghanaian Hepatorestorative Polyherbal Product." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (June 22, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9596182.

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The incidence of liver diseases is increasing globally, and many patients in developing countries are resorting to the use of herbal products as treatment. This study was aimed at establishing the safety and effectiveness outcomes for patients with deranged liver panel treated with a Ghanaian finished polyherbal product. The product Heptonica is prepared by CPMR from three medicinal plants: Bidens pilosa, Citrus aurantifolia, and Trema orientalis. Fifty (50) participants with clinical and biochemical signs of liver impairment were purposively recruited and treated for a period of 28 days. Participants received Heptonica at a dose of 30 mL 8 hourly after meals for the treatment period. Clinical and biochemical evaluation (liver panel test, renal function test, haematology, and urinalysis) of subjects for the safety and effectiveness of the product was undertaken at days 0 (baseline), 14, and 28. Compared to the baseline values, Heptonica did not have any untoward effect on renal function, haematological parameters, and urine parameters of subjects. Clinical and liver panel results of the participants also improved compared to the baseline: serum aspartate transaminase (AST) (p < 0.0001), alanine transaminase (ALT) (p < 0.0001), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (p- 0.0013), total bilirubin (p-0.0136), direct bilirubin (p < 0.0001), total proteins (p-0.0409), and alkaline phosphates (p- 0.0284). Level of albumin showed no significant difference within the study period. The outcome of this study indicates Heptonica has hepatorestorative action with no observable toxicity and can be used with confidence as indicated as a liver tonic.

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Rahman, M. Oliur, Nusrat Jahan Sayma, and Momtaz Begum. "Angiospermic flora of Gafargaon upazila of Mymensingh district focusing on medicinally important species." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 26, no. 2 (2019): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i2.44594.

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Gafargaon upazila has been floristically explored to identify and assess the angiospermic flora that resulted in occurrence of 203 taxa under 174 genera and 75 families. Magnoliopsida is represented by 167 taxa under 140 genera and 62 families, while Liliopsida is constituted by 36 taxa belonging to 34 genera and 13 families. Vegetation analysis shows that herbs are represented by 106 taxa, shrubs 35, trees 54, and climbers by 8 species. In Magnoliopsida, Solanaceae is the largest family possessing 10 species, whereas in Liliopsida, Poaceae is the largest family with 12 species. The study has identified 45 medicinal plants which are used for treatment of over 40 diseases including diabetes, ulcer, diarrhoea, dysentery, fever, cold and cough, menstrual problems, blood pressure and urinary disorders by the local people. Some noticeable medicinal plants used in primary healthcare are Abroma augusta (L.) L.f., Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt., Commelina benghalensis L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Holarrhena antidysenterica Flem., Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) A. DC., Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) Robinson, Ocimum tenuiflorum L. and Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. A few number of species are also employed in cultural festivals in the study area. Cardamine flexuosa With., Oxystelma secamone (L.) Karst., Phaulopsis imbricata (Forssk.) Sweet, Piper sylvaticum Roxb., Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers and Trema orientalis L. have been found to be rare in the investigated area. In order to preserve botanical resources of Gafargaon upazila, particularly the rare, threatened and medicinal plants, conservation measures need to be undertaken through both in-situ and ex-situ methods for their sustainable use.

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Sefidi, Kiomars, and Carolyn A. Copenheaver. "Tree-Related Microhabitats: A Comparison of Managed and Unmanaged Oriental Beech–Dominated Forests in Northern Iran." Forest Science 66, no. 6 (2020): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxaa028.

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Abstract Tree-related microhabitats (TreMs) provide ecological niches in features for a variety of species in forests and are suitable indicators of biodiversity for certain taxa. The study objective was to compare the abundance and occurrence of TreMs in managed versus unmanaged Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests of northern Iran to quantify the effect of forest management on biodiversity indicators. We inventoried 3,954 trees to identify the number of trees with TreMs and quantify the occurrence of different types of TreMs. Managed forests averaged 25 trees with TreMs per hectare, and unmanaged forests averaged 41 trees with TreMs per hectare. In both forests, larger-diameter trees (≥50 centimeters diameter at breast height [dbh]) had more TreMs than smaller-diameter trees. TreMs were found on trees larger than a minimum size (32 centimeters dbh) and were more common on trees in poor health, as indicated by vitality class. According to our findings, managed forests have a lower diversity of TreMs than unmanaged forests. However, if management plans in deciduous forests include the retention of large-diameter trees during harvesting events, it is possible to balance providing TreMs within the forest while maintaining growth of economically valuable timber. Study Implications Forest biodiversity is time and labor intensive to quantify, and researchers have begun using tree-related microhabitats (TreMs) as a proxy for biodiversity. This study found TreMs occurred at lower abundances but had a similar occurrence of TreM groupings (cavities, injuries and wounds, deformation/growth form, and epiphytes) in managed Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests compared with unmanaged Oriental beech forests. Managed hardwood stands provided 25 TreMs per hectare, which is similar to numbers recommended for managing for biodiversity, and thus it may be possible to promote TreM creation and retention as an opportunity to increase forest biodiversity while also managing forests for timber production. Abundance of TreMs was associated with large-diameter trees and low-vitality trees (poor health). In deciduous forests managed for timber production, the retention of large-diameter trees is likely to align more closely with other management objectives than the retention of trees in poor health.

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Jahed, Razieh Rafiei, Mohammad Reza Kavousi, Mohammad Ebrahim Farashiani, et al. "A Comparison of the Formation Rates and Composition of Tree-Related Microhabitats in Beech-Dominated Primeval Carpathian and Hyrcanian Forests." Forests 11, no. 2 (2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11020144.

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Primeval forests in the temperate zone exist only as a few remnants, but theses serve as important reference areas for conservation. As key habitats, tree-related microhabitats (TreMs) are of intense interest to forest ecologists, but little is known about their natural composition and dynamics in different tree species. Beech forms a major part of the temperate forests that extend from Europe, home to European beech Fagus sylvatica L. (Fs), eastward to Iran, where Oriental beech Fagus orientalis Lipsky (Fo) is the dominant species. In this study, we compared TreMs in primeval forests of both species, using data from Fo growing in 25 inventory plots throughout the Hyrcanian forest belt in Iran and from Fs growing in a 9 ha permanent plot in the Uholka Forest of Ukraine. TreMs based on 47 types and 11 subgroups were recorded. Beech trees in the Hyrcanian forest had a higher mean diameter at breast height (dbh) than beech trees in Uholka and contained twice as many TreMs per hectare. Although the mean richness of TreMs per TreM bearing tree was similar in the two species, on the basis of the comparison single trees in two groups (n = 405 vs. 2251), the composition of the TreMs clearly differed, as the proportions of rot holes, root-buttress concavities, and crown deadwood were higher in the Hyrcanian Forest, and those of bark losses, exposed heartwood, and burrs and cankers higher in Uholka Forest. Estimates of TreMs dynamics based on dbh and using Weibull models showed a significantly faster cumulative increase of TreMs in Fo, in which saturation occurred already in trees with a dbh of 70–80 cm. By contrast, the increase in TreMs in Fs was continuous. In both species, the probability density was highest at a dbh of about 30 cm, but was twice as high in Fo. Because of limitations of our study design, the reason behind observed differences of TreM formation and composition between regions remains unclear, as it could be either result of the tree species or the environment, or their interaction. However, the observed differences were more likely the result of differences in the environment than in the two tree species. Nevertheless, our findings demonstrate that the Hyrcanian Forest, recently designated as a natural heritage site in Iran, is unique, not only as a tertiary relict or due to its endemic trees, herbs and arthropods, but also because of its TreMs, which form a distinct and rich habitat for associated taxa, including endemic saproxylic species.

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Uddin, Sarder Nasir, Khan Mohammad Ahsan Uddin, and Firoz Ahmed. "Analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities of Treama orientalis Linn. in mice." Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 8, no. 2 (2008): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3742/opem.2008.8.2.187.

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Steinberg, Gabriel. "O sefaradita de Amós Oz em A caixa preta." Arquivo Maaravi: Revista Digital de Estudos Judaicos da UFMG 4, no. 6 (2010): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-3053.4.6.67-74.

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Este texto aborda por meio da ficção, a questão do confronto entre judeus sefaraditas e orientais e a elite asquenazita hegemônica pela redefinição da identidade nacional no Estado de Israel. Esse confronto é representado pelos personagens de Michael Sommo, o judeu argelino e Alex Guideon, filho de pioneiros da Europa Oriental, duas das figuras centrais da trama do romance A caixa preta, publicado por Amós Oz em 1987.

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Fontella, Leandro Goya. "O declínio populacional guarani nos Sete Povos das Missões Orientais do Rio Uruguai: uma análise demográfica em perspectiva comparativa (1796 – 1835)." Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais 10, no. 19 (2018): 94–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v10i19.473.

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Nas primeiras três décadas do século XIX uma complexa trama histórica mergulhou a região platina num contexto de endemia bélica que provocou a decadência demográfica do complexo guaranítico-missioneiro. A partir do tratamento serial dos assentos de batismos da Matriz de São Francisco de Borja e de informações censitárias coevas, analiso como se desenrolou este processo nas sete reduções orientais do rio Uruguai que em 1801 passaram a integrar a jurisdição portuguesa. A interlocução com estudos populacionais sobre comunidades missioneiras situadas em outras áreas da América permite perceber o quão sólida era e estrutura populacional guaranítica e o profundo impacto sofrido no primeiro terço do Oitocentos.

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Esteban, César, and Luis Benítez de Lugo Enrich. "Orientaciones astronómicas en el oppidum oretano del Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real)." Trabajos de Prehistoria 73, no. 2 (2017): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/tp.2016.12173.

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Se presenta un análisis arqueoastronómico de la orientación definida por los muros del santuario de entrada del oppidum ibérico Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real), situado en la Oretania septentrional, así como de otros recintos pertinentes para el análisis. El resultado más relevante es que dos de los muros perimetrales del santuario están orientados hacia el amanecer en los equinoccios y en el solsticio de verano respectivamente. Como en otros santuarios ibéricos, se encuentra que la salida del Sol en los equinoccios se produce sobre la cumbre de una de las montañas más distantes del horizonte. También planteamos la posibilidad de que otros muros del mismo santuario puedan estar orientados hacia ortos de varias de las estrellas más brillantes del cielo. Se constata que el eje este-oeste de la trama urbana de la parte meridional del oppidum (donde se localiza un recinto de carácter cultual para algunos autores) se orienta aproximadamente hacia el orto en el solsticio de invierno. Finalmente documentamos un posible alineamiento entre el santuario de entrada, la necrópolis descubierta al este del oppidum y el punto del horizonte donde se produce el orto del solsticio de invierno.

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