Books on the topic 'Trend percentages'

Selective migration policies can be grouped into three ideal-typical models: the Canadian ‘human capital’ model based on state selection of permanent immigrants using a points system; the Australian ‘neo-corporatist’ model based on state selection using a points system with extensive business and labour participation; and the market-oriented, demand-driven model based primarily on employer selection of migrants, as practised by the US. This chapter compares the selective migration polices of the three countries in terms of policy outcomes measured by varying metrics, examines policy implementation that diverges from the models, and explores a trend in all three countries towards recruiting foreign students to become immigrants. It finds that Canadian and Australian practices are shifting towards the US demand-driven model as employers rather than government officials are selecting increasing percentages of permanent immigrants from pools of temporary foreign workers and foreign students already in Canada and Australia rather than from abroad.

By the mid-twentieth century, two things appeared destined for extinction in the United States: the practice of home birth and the profession of midwifery. In 1940, close to half of all U.S. births took place in the hospital, and the trend was increasing. By 1970, the percentage of hospital births reached an all-time high of 99.4%, and the obstetrician, rather than the midwife, assumed nearly complete control over what had become an entirely medicalized procedure. Then, seemingly out of nowhere, an explosion of new alternative organizations, publications, and conferences cropped up, documenting a very different demographic trend; by 1977, the percentage of out-of-hospital births had more than doubled. Home birth was making a comeback, but why? A quiet revolution spread across cities and suburbs, towns and farms, as individuals challenged legal, institutional, and medical protocols by choosing unlicensed midwives to catch their babies at home. Drawing on archival materials and interviews with midwives, doctors, and home birth consumers, Coming Home analyzes the ideas, values, and experiences that led to this quiet revolution, and its long-term consequences for our understanding of birth, medicine, and culture.

Abstract In the final decades of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st, long-term borrowing costs fell with significant consequences for the global economy and financial markets. The Price of Money introduces a new model of the natural rate of interest, bringing together a top-down estimate of the level with bottom-up estimates of the drivers. The results show that falling trend growth and baby-boom savers accounted for about half of the three-percentage point decline in the natural rate for the United States between 1970 and a trough in the mid-2010s. Global spillovers account for most of the rest of the decline. The model suggests the natural rate has climbed more than half a percentage point since the trough, partly the result of massive fiscal stimulus. Drawing on forecasts for the key drivers, The Price of Money projects the natural rate for the United States and other advanced economies in the decades ahead. The main finding: borrowing costs have further to climb.

The Peruvian economy performed exceptionally well between 2000 and 2012, with a growth performance that placed the country well above the regional average and an improvement in all labour market indicators. The chapter shows that the economy suffered a slowdown as a consequence of the international crisis of 2008, but Peru sustained positive GDP growth rates during that episode and had only a small reduction in gross domestic product per capita. The only labour market indicators impacted by the international crisis were the employment structure by educational level and the percentage of registered workers who suffered a slowdown in their improving trends.

Forecasting is integral to all governmental activities, especially budgetary activities. Without good and accurate forecasts, a government will not only find it difficult to carry out its everyday operations but will also find it difficult to cope with the increasingly complex environment in which it has to operate. This book presents, in a simple and easy to understand manner, some of the commonly used methods in budget forecasting, simple as well as advanced. The book is divided into three parts: It begins with an overview of forecasting background, forecasting process, and forecasting methods, followed by a detailed discussion of the actual methods in Parts I, II, and III. Part I discusses a combination of basic time series models such as percentage average, simple moving average, double moving average, exponential moving average, double as well as triple, simple trend line, time-series with cyclical variation, and time-series regression, with single and multiple independent variables. Part II discusses some of the more advanced, but frequently used time series models, such as ARIMA, regular as well as seasonal, Vector Autoregression (VAR), and Vector Error Correction (VEC). Part III provides an overview of three of the more recent advances in time series models, namely ensemble forecasting, state-space forecasting, and neural network. The book concludes with a brief discussion of some practical issues in budget forecasting.

African American candidates for statewide office in the United States face unique challenges given the nation’s complicated racial dynamics. At the dawn of the twenty-first century, the United States had elected only one African American as governor in its history—L. Douglas Wilder, a grandson of slaves who achieved this historic goal in 1989 in Virginia, once the capital of the Confederacy. Numerous media accounts at the time declared a major breakthrough in racial politics in the United States with one national news magazine actually featuring in bold type on its cover “The End of the Civil War.” More than thirty years since Wilder’s election, while Black candidates have risen to office in states such as Illinois, Massachusetts, and California, there are not many successes for African American candidates seeking statewide office in the South. This is particularly puzzling because Blacks are most numerous in the South, as a percentage of the population. This book includes analyses of the campaigns of mostly unsuccessful and some successful Black statewide candidates in the South. The purpose is to untangle the factors that lead to electoral success for these candidates, and those that continue to hold them back, from the vantage of recent election cycles with some historically close races in the South featuring African American candidates for governor of Florida and Georgia (2018), for lieutenant governor in Virginia (2017), and for the US Senate in South Carolina and Georgia (2020). But statewide contests are not limited to state offices; some of the most important southern campaigns in the twenty-first century have featured Black candidates running in the southern presidential primaries. Most notably, Barack Obama’s 2008 nomination campaign blazed a trail in the South that many believed was a template for a new style of black politics. Examining broader regional demographic and political trends, the authors project that the South is on the threshold of a major breakthrough for African American statewide candidates, which will have a substantial role in not only fundamentally changing the political dynamics of the region, but nationally as well. This change will be driven by not only African American candidates and voters but a rising coalition regionally of minorities and also White voters increasingly willing to vote for Black candidates.

Football is often described as a game of inches. First downs, scoring, and in/out of bound decisions that can determine the outcome of the game may even come down to fractions of an inch. Investing is similar: the difference between outperforming or underperforming the market may be a few fractions of a percentage point. As Ben Branch succinctly states, successful investing, defined as outperforming the market averages, is not easy. And yet it is very much a game worth playing, particularly if you win. The key to being on the winning side is to understand the fundamental principles of investing—what it is and how it works—before making any decision. In this highly practical, non-technical guide, Branch introduces the reader to stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds, real estate, futures, and all of the other basic elements of the market. He debunks popular myths and misconceptions about investing and shows you how to avoid mistakes in order to invest wisely. An extensive glossary, definitions and examples, and lists of dos and don'ts will make this book a handy resource for the novice as well as for seasoned investors looking to take their game to the next level. In this highly practical, non-technical guide, Branch provides the building blocks of a multi-dimensional investing approach. First, he reviews the principle of compound interest, the foundation of all investment strategy and performance. Then, arguing that successful investing is a function of three types of activities—selection, timing, and execution—he introduces the reader to stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds, real estate, futures, and all of the other elements of the market. In addition to covering well-known investments in detail, he explains lesser-known opportunities, such as bankruptcies and takeovers. Special topics include the effects of macroeconomic trends and the subtleties of timing for maximum advantage. He debunks popular myths and misconceptions about investing and shows you how to avoid mistakes in order to invest wisely. An extensive glossary, definitions and examples, and lists of dos and don'ts will make this book a handy resource for the novice, as well as for seasoned investors looking to take their game to the next level.