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1
Shaukat, Zunera, and Ahmad Shahzad. "Impact of Portfolio Strategies on Portfolio Performance and Risk." International Journal of Business Administration 10, no. 1 (December 4, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v10n1p73.
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The Portfolio strategies are the effective investment tools pertaining to active and passive investment approaches. This signifies the investor’s inclination of buying and selling the risky and risk-free assets. The research includes four strategies namely buy and hold strategy, dynamic asset allocation, strategic asset allocation and tactical asset allocation along with their dimensions. Strategies based hypothetical portfolios are generated on the basis of 14 years’ stock prices (2005-2017). The annually and monthly risk-adjusted return ratios; Sharpe ratio, Treynor’s measure, CAPM and Jenson Alpha are calculated individually. Simulated annualized portfolios generate significant result with Sharpe and treynor measure. Alpha return is generated with buy and hold if based on growth in stock prices. For empirical result, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used for studying the relationship between the strategies. Post hoc Tukey’s test is applied to find the difference between the strategies. The ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test for monthly portfolios gives significant results with three measure Sharpe ratio, CAPM and Jenson Alpha. No empirical significant result is measured on the basis of treynor measure.
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Zulkafli, Abdul Hadi, Zamri Ahmad, and Eky Ermal M. "The Performance of Socially Responsible Investments in Indonesia: A Study of the Sri Kehati Index (SKI)." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 19, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.17959.
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This study examines the performance of the Sri Kehati Index (SKI) against the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) as the market index, using respective daily index prices from the 1st of January 2009 to the 31st of December 2014. This study uses the risk-adjusted return of Sharpe’s Index, the Adjusted Sharpe’s Index (ASI), Treynor’s Index, Jensen’s Alpha Index, the Adjusted Jensen’s Alpha Index (AJI) and Sortino’s Ratio to examine the performance of the SKI and the JCI. Except for Sharpe’s Index and the Adjusted Sharpe’s Index, the risk-adjusted return performance of the SKI, (Treynor, Jensen’s Alpha, Adjusted Jensen’s Alpha and Sortino) outperforms the JCI as the conventional benchmark. However, Jensen’s Alpha is the only performance measure that is significant and therefore supports that the SKI outperforms the JCI during the overall period from 2009 to 2014. As there is a contradiction between the adjusted returns of Sharpe’s Index/Adjusted Sharpe’s Index and Jensen’s Alpha Index, the hypothesis that the SKI presents a higher risk adjusted performance than the JCI does cannot be accepted. Even though the performance of SKI in this study is slightly lower over the whole period of the study, it is still generating competitive returns.
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Robiyanto, Robiyanto, Sugeng Wahyudi, and Irene Rini Demi Pangestuti. "The Volatility–Variability Hypotheses Testing and Hedging Effectiveness of Precious Metals for the Indonesian and Malaysian Capital Markets." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 19, no. 2 (August 23, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.26260.
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This study evaluates the use of futures contracts for precious metals to hedge against stock market risks and their hedging effectiveness on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) and the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). This study found that gold was the most effective hedging instrument, since it produced the highest hedging effectiveness both on the IDX and the KLSE among the other precious metals. None of the hedged portfolios had a higher Sharpe’s ratio than the unhedged one on the IDX; however, all the hedged portfolios on the KLSE had a higher Sharpe’s ratio than the unhedged ones. Almost all the hedged portfolios could produce a higher Treynor’s ratio than the unhedged portfolios, both on the IDX and the KLSE. In general, this study concluded that studying some precious metals could reduce the investment risk, which was shown through the variance produced by the smaller portfolios, while gold can improve the risk-adjusted performance.
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Łyczkowska-Hanćkowiak, Anna. "On Application Oriented Fuzzy Numbers for Imprecise Investment Recommendations." Symmetry 12, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12101672.
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The subtraction of fuzzy numbers (FNs) is not an inverse operator to FNs addition. The family of all oriented FNs (OFNs) may be considered as symmetrical closure of all the FNs family in that the subtraction is an inverse operation to addition. An imprecise present value is modelled by a trapezoidal oriented FN (TrOFN). Then, the expected discount factor (EDF) is a TrOFFN too. This factor may be applied as a premise for invest-making. Proposed decision strategies are dependent on a comparison of an oriented fuzzy profit index and the specific profitability threshold. This way we get an investment recommendation described as a fuzzy subset on the fixed rating scale. Risk premium measure is a special case of profit index. Further in the paper, the Sharpe’s ratio, the Jensen’s ratio, the Treynor’s ratio, the Sortino’s ratio, Roy’s criterion and the Modiglianis’ coefficient are generalised for the case when an EDF is given as a TrOFN. In this way, we get many different imprecise recommendations. For this reason, an imprecise recommendation management module is described. Obtained results show that the proposed theory can be used as a theoretical background for financial robo-advisers. All theoretical considerations are illustrated by means of a simple empirical case study.
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Solimanpur, Maghsoud, Gholamreza Mansourfar, and Farzad Ghayour. "Optimum portfolio selection using a hybrid genetic algorithm and analytic hierarchy process." Studies in Economics and Finance 32, no. 3 (August 3, 2015): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-08-2012-0085.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a multi-objective model to the optimum portfolio selection using genetic algorithm and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Portfolio selection is a multi-objective decision-making problem in financial management. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed approach solves the problem in two stages. In the first stage, the portfolio selection problem is formulated as a zero-one mathematical programming model to optimize two objectives, namely, return and risk. A genetic algorithm (GA) with multiple fitness functions called as Multiple Fitness Functions Genetic Algorithm is applied to solve the formulated model. The proposed GA results in several non-dominated portfolios being in the Pareto (efficient) frontier. A decision-making approach based on AHP is then used in the second stage to select the portfolio from among the solutions obtained by GA which satisfies a decision-maker’s interests at most. Findings – The proposed decision-making system enables an investor to find a portfolio which suits for his/her expectations at most. The main advantage of the proposed method is to provide prima-facie information about the optimal portfolios lying on the efficient frontier and thus helps investors to decide the appropriate investment alternatives. Originality/value – The value of the paper is due to its comprehensiveness in which seven criteria are taken into account in the selection of a portfolio including return, risk, beta ratio, liquidity ratio, reward to variability ratio, Treynor’s ratio and Jensen’s alpha.
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Hübner, Georges. "The Generalized Treynor Ratio." Review of Finance 9, no. 3 (January 1, 2005): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10679-005-2265-x.
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Qudratullah, Mohammad Farhan. "Treynor Ratio to Measure Islamic Stock Performance in Indonesia." Jurnal Fourier 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/fourier.2019.81.1-13.
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Treynor Ratio merupakan model pioner inovatif ukuran kinerja saham yang dikemukakan Jack Treynor pada tahun 1965 yang terdiri atas 3 (tiga) komponen, yaitu return saham, return bebas risiko, dan beta saham. Banyak penelitian mendekati return bebas risiko dengan suku bunga termasuk saat mengukur kinerja saham syariah, sedangkan suku bunga dilarang dalam konsep keuangan islam. Tulisan ini membahas variabel alternatif untuk mendekati return bebas risiko selain dengan suku bunga (BI-Rate), yaitu dengan 4 (empat) pendekatan, yaitu: menghilangkan suku bunga, mengganti dengan zakat rate, mengganti dengan inflasi, dan mengganti dengan gross domestic produc (GDP) pada model Treynor Ratio yang diimplementasikan pada pasar modal syariah di Indonesia periode Januari 2011-Juli 2018. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat kesesuaian yang sangat tinggi hasil pengukuran model Treynor Ratio dengan suku bunga dengan keempat model lainnya. Namun, model-model tersebut tidak menjamin bahwa saham yang memilki kinerja terbaik pada saat ini akan memilki kinerja terbaik dimasa yang akan datang atau sebaliknya. Dilihat dari kedekatan hasil pengukuran kinerjanya, kelima model Treynor Ratio tersebut dapat dikelompokan jadi 2 (dua), yaitu model dengan suku bunga, model dengan inflasi, dan model dengan GDP sebagai kelompok pertama, sedangkan model tanpa suku bunga dan model dengan zakat-rate sebagai kelompok kedua.
[Treynor Ratio is an innovative pioneer model the size of stock performance proposed by Jack Treynor in 1965 which consists of 3 (three) components, namely stock returns, risk free returns, and stock beta. Many studies approach risk-free returns with interest rates, including when measuring the performance of Islamic stocks, while interest rates are prohibited in the concept of Islamic finance. This paper discusses alternative variables to approach risk-free returns other than interest rates (BI-Rate), namely with 4 (four) approaches, namely: eliminating interest rates, changing zakat rates, changing inflation, and substituting gross domestic products (GDP) in the Treynor Ratio model that is implemented in the Islamic capital market in Indonesia for the period January 2011 - July 2018. The results obtained are very high conformity in the measurement results of the Treynor Ratio model with interest rates with the other four models. However, these models do not guarantee that stocks that have the best performance at this time will have the best performance in the future or vice versa. Judging from the closeness of the results of performance measurement, the five Treynor Ratio models can be grouped into 2 (two), namely models with interest rates, models with inflation, and models with GDP as the first group, while models without interest rates and models with zakat-rate as second group.]
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Scholz, Hendrik, and Marco Wilkens. "Zur Relevanz von Sharpe Ratio und Treynor Ratio: Ein investorspezifisches Performancemaß." Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15375/zbb-2003-0101.
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Hodges, Charles W., Walton R. L. Taylor, and James A. Yoder. "Beta, the Treynor ratio, and long-run investment horizons." Applied Financial Economics 13, no. 7 (January 2003): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0960310022000016622.
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Pilotte, Eugene A., and Frederic P. Sterbenz. "Sharpe and Treynor Ratios on Treasury Bonds*." Journal of Business 79, no. 1 (January 2006): 149–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/497409.
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Bednarek, Ziemowit, Oleksandr Firsov, and Pratish Patel. "A strong case to calculate the Treynor ratio using log-returns." Journal of Asset Management 18, no. 4 (January 31, 2017): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41260-017-0040-0.
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Van Dyk, Francois, Gary Van Vuuren, and Andre Heymans. "Hedge Fund Performance Using Scaled Sharpe And Treynor Measures." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 6 (October 31, 2014): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i6.8920.
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The Sharpe ratio is widely used as a performance measure for traditional (i.e., long only) investment funds, but because it is based on mean-variance theory, it only considers the first two moments of a return distribution. It is, therefore, not suited for evaluating funds characterised by complex, asymmetric, highly-skewed return distributions such as hedge funds. It is also susceptible to manipulation and estimation error. These drawbacks have demonstrated the need for new and additional fund performance metrics. The monthly returns of 184 international long/short (equity) hedge funds from four geographical investment mandates were examined over an 11-year period.This study contributes to recent research on alternative performance measures to the Sharpe ratio and specifically assesses whether a scaled-version of the classic Sharpe ratio should augment the use of the Sharpe ratio when evaluating hedge fund risk and in the investment decision-making process. A scaled Treynor ratio is also compared to the traditional Treynor ratio. The classic and scaled versions of the Sharpe and Treynor ratios were estimated on a 36-month rolling basis to ascertain whether the scaled ratios do indeed provide useful additional information to investors to that provided solely by the classic, non-scaled ratios.
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Lakaba, Angriana, and Robiyanto Robiyanto. "EVALUASI KINERJA SAHAM BERTANGGUNGJAWAB SOSIAL (STUDI PADA SAHAM-SAHAM YANG MASUK PERHITUNGAN INDEKS SRI-KEHATI)." Jurnal Organisasi dan Manajemen 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/jom.v14i2.155.2018.
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Severals studies on the performance of stocks, especially those that examine the constituent of social responsibility in the Indonesia Stock Exchange, in general still focus on the performance assessment of the SRI-Kehati Index, have not specifically reviewed the performance of the constituent stocks of the SRI-Kehati Index. Therefore, this study specifically examines constituent stocks of the SRI-Kehati Index. The study period used is 2009 to 2017. The sample in this study are 13 stocks that consistently enter into the calculation of SRI-Kehati Index during the study period. The stock performance assessment will be performed using Sharpe Index, Jensen Alpha, Treynor Ratio, Sortino Ratio, Information Ratio. Overall, the consistent stocks listed in the SRI-Kehati Index may not necessarily indicate good stock performance. From 13 stocks, some have negative results which can be classified as non-performing stock.
Berbagai penelitian terkait kinerja saham-saham bertanggungjawab sosial di Bursa Efek Indonesia secara umum masih berfokus pada penilaian kinerja Indeks SRI-Kehati, namun belum secara khusus mengkaji kinerja saham-saham pembentuk Indeks SRI-Kehati. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini secara khusus mengkaji saham-saham pembentuk Indeks SRI-Kehati. Periode penelitian yang digunakan adalah periode tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2017. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 13 saham yang secara konsisten masuk ke dalam perhitungan Indeks SRI-Kehati selama periode penelitian. Penilaian kinerja saham akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Indeks Sharpe, Jensen Alpha, Rasio Treynor, Rasio Sortino, Information Ratio. Secara keseluruhan, saham-saham yang konsisten terdaftar dalam Indeks SRI-Kehati belum semua menunjukkan kinerja saham yang baik. Dari 13 saham yang diteliti masih ada beberapa saham dengan hasil negatif yang berarti masih mempunyai kinerja saham yang buruk.
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Azmi, Zulfiyah, and Bayu Arie Fianto. "PENGUKURAN KINERJA REKSA DANA PADA REKSA DANA SYARIAH DAN REKSA DANA KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2008 – 2018." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 9 (January 17, 2020): 1851. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20199pp1851-1861.
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This research measured and compared the performance between Islamic mutual funds and conventional mutual funds using Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Index, Jensen Alpha, Modigliani Measure, Appraisal Ratio, and Adjusted Sharpe Ratio. This research used quantitative approach with panel data that was measured by using different test and it aimed to find out the comparation of the samples. This research used Net Asset Value (NAV), Joint Stock Price Index, BI Rate to find out return and risk that will be implemented on the measured methods. The results of the research based on T-test are that there is no significant difference of performance between Islamic mutual funds and conventional mutual funds, except the Appraisal Ratio method that shows the difference on Islamic mutual funds that has a better performance.Keywords: Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Index, Jensen Alpha, Modigliani Measure, Appraisal Ratio, Adjusted Sharpe Ratio
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Kusumawati, Eka, and Ega Bagja Nugraha. "Evaluation of Mutual Funds Performance And Consistency test over the use of Performance Sizing Methods." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (July 7, 2020): 650–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun542.
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The development of mutual fund industry in Indonesia has increases every year. From those several types of equity funds, the Net Asset Value (NAV) of mutual funds has increased by quite high number from year to year compared to other types. This research was assess the performance of mutual funds and examine those several consistency over the use of performance sizing methods from Sharpe ratio, Treynor index and Jensen's Alpha methods. Current problem who was stumbled was how the performance of stock mutual funds was measured by the Sharpe ratio, Treynor index and Jensen's Alpha methods and whether there has consistency over its performance by using it. The recent sample was 37 mutual funds that were registered at BAPEPAM-LK and still operating in Indonesia from January 2009 to October 2013. Performance evaluations used Sharpe ratio method, Treynor index and Jensen's Alpha. As for assess those consistency of the use performance sizing methods was done by Kendall coefficient of concordance (W) test. The result over this research said that Panin Dana Maksima and Panin Dana Prima are the best mutual funds, this could be seen during these surveillance period which found that mutual fund has superior performance above the market. The result of consistency test over those performance of stock mutual funds using Kendall W's concordance coefficient found that there has consistency or harmony when evaluated the performance of equity funds by using Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Index and Jensen's Alpha methods during those period.
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Shaikh, Salman Ahmed, Mohd Adib Ismail, Abdul Ghafar Ismail, Shahida Shahimi, and Muhammad Hakimi Mohd. Shafiai. "Comparative analysis of Shari’ah-compliant portfolios: evidence from Pakistan." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 10, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 466–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-10-2016-0121.
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Purpose This study aims to comparatively analyze the performance of Islamic and conventional income and equity funds using various performance evaluation methods. Design/methodology/approach The authors comparatively analyze the performance of mutual funds using measures, such as tracking error, Sharpe ratio (1966), Treynor ratio (1965), M-square measure by Modigliani and Modigliani (1997) and information ratio. The authors also use market timing and selection measures, such as Treynor and Mazuy model (1966), Henriksson and Merton (1981) model and Fama’s decomposition approach (1973). Findings The authors find that Islamic equity funds are as much competitive as conventional equity funds. All Islamic equity funds have positive Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio and net selectivity measure. Islamic equity funds are slightly less risky in general. Islamic equity and income funds generally have positive Jensen's Alpha and a positive market timing ability. However, the authors find that Islamic income funds generally underperform the market due to less Shari’ah-compliant investment class assets in the market. Practical implications It will help the industry players to assess their strategic positioning with regard to the commercial competitiveness of Islamic investments. Originality/value The authors take considerably large sample of 60 funds in Pakistan as compared to previous studies and also cover recent period (2006-16). For income funds, the authors construct an original benchmark index based on price and dividend data and use that in performance assessment.
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Gavrilova, Irma. "THE EVALUATION OF MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE IN LITHUANIA CONSIDERING RISK AND TIMING ABILITY / LIETUVOS INVESTICINIŲ FONDŲ VEIKLOS VERTINIMAS, ATSIŽVELGIANT Į RIZIKĄ IR SAVALAIKIŠKUMĄ." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 4 (July 19, 2011): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.063.
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Over the last decade, Lithuania has witnessed a growing interest in investment promoted by the need to successfully manage available funds. Direct investments (e. g. buying and selling stocks) require a specific knowledge of investment instruments. Therefore, an ordinary investor finds investment in mutual funds easier and cheaper. Usually the most important questions to the investor include measuring the results of a fund and the quality of the actions performed by the fund managers. The article evaluates the rates of mutual fund performance and identifies their shortages. The methods for evaluating investment return according to the level of risk and timing ability of the fund managers are presented using the Sharpe ratio and Treynor-Mazuy model on the basis of which mutual funds in Lithuania are analyzed. Santrauka Paskutinįjį dešimtmetį Lietuvoje pastebimas žmonių susidomėjimo investavimu augimas – tai skatina poreikis sėkmingai „įdarbinti“ turimas laisvas lėšas. Investuoti tiesiogiai (perkant atskirų įmonių akcijas ir pan.) daug kam yra pernelyg sudėtinga (reikia specialių žinių apie įvairius investavimo objektus, gilios rinkos analizės), be to, dažnai tiesiogiai investuoti yra gana brangu, todėl ne vienas žmogus pasirenka sprendimą – investuoti į fondus. Fondų dalyviams aktualiausia, kaip tinkamai vertinti fondų rezultatus. Straipsnyje identifikuojami investicinių fondų valdymo įmonių naudojami veiklos vertinimo rodikliai bei jų trūkumai. Pateikiamas investicinių fondų veiklos vertinimo, atsižvelgiant į riziką ir savalaikiškumą, metodas naudojant Šarpo bei Treynoro ir Mazuy rodiklius. Remiantis rodikliais atlikta Lietuvos investicinių fondų grąžos bei fondų valdytojų efektyvumo analizė.
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Hribernik, Tanja, and Uroš Vek. "Mutual Fund Performance in Slovenia: An Analysis of Mutual Funds with Investment Policies in Europe and the Energy Sector." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10033-011-0006-y.
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Mutual Fund Performance in Slovenia: An Analysis of Mutual Funds with Investment Policies in Europe and the Energy Sector This paper examines the risk and return performance of mutual funds in Slovenia from 2005 until August 2009. The research is limited to the regional investment policies in Europe and the energy sector. Using monthly returns, we analyzed different risk-adjusted measures such as: the Treynor ratio, the Sortino ratio and the Information ratio. We also studied selections and timing ability using the Treynor-Mazuy model. The risk and return performance of mutual funds in the Slovenian market does not deviate from those in developed markets. We also found out that the selection ability of fund managers is better than market timing and that the findings of this paper are in accordance with other international studies.
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Azhar, Jeihan Ali, and Resti Wulandari. "Comparison of Stock Performance Based on Ethical Investment: Evidance on JII and SRI-KEHATI Indices." EkBis: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ekbis.2020.4.2.1249.
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This research aims to analyze and compare the performance of the Islamic stock portfolio represented by the JII index and ethical investment represented by the SRI-KE-HATI index by measuring the Risk Adjustment Return Index through the Sharpe index, Treynor index, and Jensen Index differential return and appraisal ratio. The data analysis of this research consists of five parts, namely descriptive analysis, analysis of stock performance, with three methods, namely Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen.differential return and appraisal ratio and Multiple Comparison Test. Based on the comparison of the performance of JII and SRI-KEHATI stocks in 2014-2019, it can be concluded that the overall method of Sharpe, Treynor and differential return shows a negative performance value, which means that the performance is not good, whereas when measured using the Jensen method and Appraisal Return shows positive performance value, which means good performance. When compared between the performance of JII and SRI-KEHATI shares, there is a difference between the performance of the JII and SRI-KEHATI Indices during the study period
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Sekarini, Ervani Nur, and Istutik Istutik. "ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA REKSA DANA SYARIAH DENGAN KINERJA REKSA DANA KONVENSIONAL." Adbis: Jurnal Administrasi dan Bisnis 13, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/j-adbis.v13i2.79.
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This study aims to determine the difference between the performance of Islamic mutual funds with the performance of conventional, mixed type and fixed income mutual funds with sharpe ratio, treynor ratio and jensen ratio measurement methods.
This type of research is quantitative research, where the source of the data used is secondary data. The population in this study are equity, mixed and fixed income mutual funds found on the official website of PT Bareksa Investment Portal, the sample used is conventional and sharia mutual funds issued by the same and active investment managers during 2015-2017. The data used in the form of Net Asset Value (NAV) data for 2014-2017, Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) and Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI), data on interest rates for Bank Indonesia Certificates (SBI) for the 2015-2017 period. The analytical method used is the Independent Sample t-test, with the SPSS program.
The results showed that there was no significant difference between the performance of Islamic mutual funds and the performance of conventional, mixed, and fixed income types of conventional mutual funds by using sharpe ratio, treynor ratio and jensen ratio measurements.
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Tan, Ömer Faruk. "Mutual Fund Performance: Evidence From South Africa." EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal 5, no. 2 (November 12, 2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2015.83.
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This paper aims to evaluate the performance of South African equity funds between January 2009 and November 2014. This study period overlaps with the study period of quantitative easing during which developing economies in financial markets have been influenced severely. Thanks to the increase in the money supply directed towards the capital markets, a relief was experienced in related markets following the crisis period. During this 5-year 10-month period, in which the relevant quantitative easing continued, Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) yielded approximately %16 compounded on average, per year. In this study, South African equity funds are examined in order to compare these funds' performance within this period.Within this scope- 10 South African equity funds are selected. In order to measure these funds' performances, the Sharpe ratio (1966), Treynor ratio (1965), Jensen's alpha (1968) methods are used. Jensen's alpha is also used in identifying selectivity skills of fund managers. Furthermore, the Treynor & Mazuy (1966) and Henriksson & Merton (1981) regression analysis methods are applied to ascertain the market timing ability of fund managers. Furthermore, Treynor & Mazuy (1966) regression analysis method is applied for market timing ability of fund managers.
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Piasecki, Krzysztof. "On Imprecise Investment Recommendations." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 37, no. 1 (August 8, 2014): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2014-0024.
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Abstract The return rate is considered here as a fuzzy probabilistic set. Then the expected return is obtained as a fuzzy subset in the real line. This result is a theoretical foundation for new investment strategies. All considered strategies result of comparison profit fuzzy index and limit value. In this way we obtain an imprecise investment recommendation. Financial equilibrium criteria are a special case of comparison of the profit index and the limit value. The following criteria are generalized here: the Sharpe's Ratio, the Jensen's Alpha and the Treynor's Ratio. Moreover, the safety-first criteria are generalized here for the fuzzy case. The Roy Criterion, the Kataoka Criterion and the Telser Criterion are also generalized. Obtained results show that proposed theory is useful for the investment applications.
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Adi, Datu Pinastiko, and Musaroh Musaroh Musaroh. "ANALISIS PENGUKURAN KINERJA REKSA DANA SAHAM DENGAN METODE RISK-ADJUSTED RETURN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIAPERIODE TAHUN 2011-2013." JURNAL ILMU MANAJEMEN 11, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 16–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jim.v11i3.11781.
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This study aimed to investigate the performances of the equity funds based on Risk-Adjusted Return using Sharpe, Treynor, Jensen, M^2and Information Ratio methods along with comparison between the performances of the equity funds and benchmark performance in research periods. The data analysis methods were Sharpe, Treynor, Jensen, M^2and Information Ratio methods. The data analysis using Sharpe and Treynor methods produced the same results; In 2011 there are 20 equity funds with positive performances. In 2012 there are 42 equity funds with positive performance, and in 2013 6 equity funds with positive performance. According to Jensen method, in 2011 there are 19 equity funds with positive performance. In 2012 there are 12 equity funds with positive performances. Meanwhile, in 2013 19 equity funds with positive performance. According to M^2 method, in 2011 there are 19 equity funds with positive performance. In 2012 there are 12 equiy funds with positive perfomance. Meanwhile, in 2013 23 equity funds with positive performance. According to Information Ratio method, in 2011 there are 19 equity funds with positive performance. In 2012 there are 12 equity funds with positive performance. Meanwhile, in 2013 19 equity funds with positive performance. The results of the comparison between the performances of the equity funds to benchmark show that in 2011, 18 equity funds had performances above the benchmark performance (outperform), in 2012, 13 equity funds had performances above the benchmark performance (outperform). Meanwhile, in 2013 there are 16 equity funds had performance above the benchmark performance (outperform).
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Catherine, Happy, and Robiyanto Robiyanto. "PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LQ45 STOCKS IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE DURING PERIOD OF 2016-2018." Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship Research 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/jmer.2020.6.01.1-4.
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Objective: This study investigates the performance evaluation of each LQ45 stock in the Indonesia Stock Exchange conducted by using the Sharpe Index, Treynor Ratio, Jensen Alpha, Sortino Ratio, and Information Ratio. Stocks evaluated are those that consistently listed in the LQ45 index during 2016-2018. Research Design & Methods: The number of samples used in this study was 32 stocks taken using a purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study are the monthly closing price of stocks, the composite stock price index, and the BI 7-day Repo Rate interest rate data. Findings: The results of this study show that not all stocks included in the LQ45 index have good performances. The results of this study show that BBCA stock is the best stocks based on Sharpe Index and Information Ratio. Based on the Jensen Alpha method and the Sortino Ratio, PTBA stock is the best stocks. As for the Treynor Ratio method, the best stock is INCO. Recommendations: There is a blemish in research for further research that is expanding the scope of research, not only companies included in LQ45. Future studies can analyze portfolios consisting of LQ45 stocks and updating periods because stock performance is cyclical. Contribution & Value Added: This research contributes to the analysis of LQ45 stock performance based on five methods including Sortino and Information Ratio that are rarely used and show differences in the results of the five stock performance indices.
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Bajracharya, Rajan Bilas. "Mutual fund Performance in Nepalese Mutual fund units: An analysis of Monthly Returns." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 3, no. 2 (February 23, 2017): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v3i2.16758.
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Mutual funds dwell in a small market in Nepal. Around seven mutual funds listed in the Nepal stock exchange trade (NEPSE). This paper focused on evaluating the performance of five mutual funds of NEPSE on the basis of monthly returns compared to benchmark return. Risk adjusted performance measures suggested by Jenson, Treynor, Sharpe and statistical models are employed. It is found that, most of the mutual funds have performed better according to Jenson and Treynor measures but not up to the benchmark on the basis of Sharpe ratio. However, few mutual funds are well diversified and have reduced its unique risk. Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 92-100
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Parlagutan Pulungan, Dolly, Sugeng Wahyudi, Suharnomo Suharnomo, and Harjum Muharam. "The performance evaluation of the state-owned enterprise’s stocks in Indonesia." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 2 (June 4, 2019): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(2).2019.12.
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State-owned enterprises (SOEs) play a strategic role in the Indonesian economy. In Indonesia, SOEs have contributed around 16.41% for the Indonesian state budget. Many Indonesian state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have listed their stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. However, the study on the performance of SOEs’ stocks is still relatively limited and tends to use indicators such as Sharpe Index, Treynor Ratio or Jensen Index. In addition to using indicators such as Sharpe Index, Treynor Ratio or Jensen Index, this study examines the performance of SOEs’ stocks using Adjusted Sharpe Index, Adjusted Jensen Index and Sortino Ratio that can measure the downside risk of those stocks. The objective of this study is to analyze the performance of the SOEs’ stocks in Indonesia. The sample in this research were 19 SOEs’ stocks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period from January 2013 until April 2019. The result of this research indicated that INAF (PT Indo Farma) stocks had the best performance when measured by using all measurement methods. The performing stocks came from the construction sector and the pharmaceutical sector. Therefore, investors are suggested to give more attention to SOEs from the pharmaceutical sector and the construction sector.
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Çamlibel, Mehmet Emre, Levent Sümer, and Ali Hepşen. "RISK-RETURN PERFORMANCES OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT FUNDS IN TURKEY INCLUDING THE COVID-19 PERIOD." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 25, no. 4 (May 25, 2021): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2021.14957.
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The purpose of this research is to give an insight into the Turkish real estate investment funds (T-REIFs) by comparing their risk-return performances with the main benchmark investment tool Istanbul Stock Exchange-100 (BIST-100) Index. This study evaluated the performance of T-REIFs in four different periods between January 2017 and December 2020 (2017m1–2017m12, 2018m1–2018m12, 2019m1–2019m12 and 2020m1–2020m12) including the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) period by applying the Sharpe and Treynor ratios. In a well-diversified portfolio both ratios give the same results, but in the presence of non-systematic risk and the portfolio is poorly diversified, the Treynor ratio is a better indicator than the Sharpe ratio. The findings of this study show that rankings of Sharpe and Treynor ratios may differ for each period. These results also support the fact that the portfolios of funds in the Turkish real estate market are not well diversified. By providing corporate tax exemptions, and by enabling the investors to diversify their investments and reduce their risks, real estate investment funds are important alternatives to direct real estate investments in Turkey. In that context, being one of the pioneer studies in this niche and a new topic in emerging markets, analyzing the return performances of T-REIFs and comparing them with the returns of the BIST-100 index is aimed to contribute to literature as well as provide insight to investors who may consider investing in the Turkish real estate capital market instruments.
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Alam, Mahfooz, and Valeed Ahmad Ansari. "Are Islamic indices a viable investment avenue? An empirical study of Islamic and conventional indices in India." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 13, no. 3 (June 10, 2020): 503–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-03-2019-0121.
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Purpose This study aims to empirically compare the performance of Islamic indices vis-à-vis to their conventional counterparts in India. Design/methodology/approach The performance of the Islamic and selected conventional indices is evaluated using various risk-adjusted performance measures such as Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, M-square (M2) ratio, information ratio, capital asset pricing model (CAPM), Fama-French three-factor model and Carhart four-factor model in India context. The period of study is from December 2006 to 2018. Findings The risk-adjusted performance measures based on the Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, information ratio, the M2 ratio show that the return of Islamic indices provides slightly superior performance. However, performance investigated using CAPM, Fama-French and Carhart benchmarks produce a statistically insignificant differences in return of the Islamic and conventional benchmarks. Research limitations/implications The Sharīʿah-compliant indices can provide a viable, ethical and alternative investment avenue for faith-based investors as it will not make them worse off in comparison to the conventional benchmarks. This also offers opportunity to conventional investors for portfolio diversification. The promotion of faith-based investment can serve as a tool for financial inclusion to attract a huge segment of Indian population in the formal financial system. The findings of the study suffer from the limitation of small sample size and empirical methods used. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on the comparative performance of Islamic and conventional indices in general and emerging markets, in particular, using most recent data and covering a relatively long span of time. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study examining the performance of Islamic indices, using multiple Islamic indices and various risk-adjusted measures in the Indian context.
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David, Ng Ching Yat, Leong May Li, Lau Teck Chai, and Fitriya Abdul Rahim. "A comparison on the performance and risk diversification benefits of real estate investment trusts in Malaysia and Singapore." SHS Web of Conferences 56 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185604005.
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This study analyses the investment performance and effectiveness of risk diversification between M-REITs’ and S-REITs’ by comparing their respective Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio and Jensen’s Alpha including the diversification measures (unsystematic risk divided by total risk and one-minus R squared) calculated on each REITs. The study period for M-REITs’ extends from 2007 to 2016 and for S-REITs’ from 2002 to 2016. Results shows that M-REITs’ perform better than S-REITs’ in terms of Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen’s Alpha. Total risk of S-REITs’ are higher than M-REITs’. The Beta values for both M-REITs’ and S-REITs’ are less than one, implying that both categories of REITs are less risky than the market index. M-REITs’ have lower R-Squared values than S-REITs’, which suggests that M-REITs’ are poorly diversified than S-REITs’ and therefore, M-REITs’ have more diversification opportunities. The diversification measures computed for M-REITs’ are higher than S-REITs’ and would imply that M-REITs’ have better rate of returns if M-REITs’ diversify their risk (higher risk diversification benefits). The findings from this study aims to help investors to make better investment decision when investing in M-REITs’ and S-REITs’. Top and poor performers of M-REITs’ and S-REITs’ are determined in this study. The findings from this study aims to assist investors determine better investment decisions when considering investing in M-REITs’ and S-REITs’.
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Sari, Indah Puspita, and Mohammad Farhan Qudratullah. "Analisis Kinerja Portofolio Optimal Constant Correlation Model Pada Saham Syari’ah Dengan Menggunakan Metode Sortino, Treynor Ratio Dan M2." Jurnal Fourier 5, no. 2 (October 5, 2016): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/fourier.2016.52.85-92.
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Banyaknya jenis saham-saham yang ditawarkan di pasar modal mengakibatkan investor harus berhati-hati dalam menentukan saham yang akan dibelinya, karena setiap saham yang ditawarkan selalu mempunyai risiko disamping menjanjikan return. Oleh karena itu untuk memilih saham yang akan memberikan return yang optimum dengan risiko yang serendah-rendahnya maka perlu digunakan analisis portofolio.Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis kinerja portofolio optimal menggunakan Constant Correlation Model dan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja dari portofolio saham tersebut digunakan beberapa metode yaitu Sortino, Treynor, dan M2 untuk mengetahui portofolio mana yang memiliki kinerja terbaik. Hal ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk membantu para investor dalam memilih saham manakah yang paling baik dan menguntungkan bagi mereka dalam menanamkan modalnya. Adapun data saham yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah saham Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) periode 1 Juni 2013-30 Maret 2016.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa portofolio A merupakan portofolio yang optimal. Proporsi masing-masing saham yang masuk dalam portofolio optimal yaitu saham ITMG (53,7%), ASRI (18,4%), PGAS (23,6%) dan TLKM (4,2%) dengan besar tingkat pengembalian yang diharapkan dari portofolio optimal adalah 16,5%, sedangkan risiko portofolio optimal sebesar 3,2%. Nilai kinerja tertinggi masing-masing portofolio yang dihitung menggunakan ketiga metode di atas secara berturut-turut adalah portofolio C sebesar 3,79, portofolio B sebesar 3,66 dan portofolio A sebesar 0,11. Hasil perbandingan kinerja antar portofolio saham dan uji konsistensi menunjukkan bahwa hasil kinerja antara ketiga metode tersebut tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dan ketiga metode tersebut tidak memiliki konsistensi dalam mengukur kinerja portofolio saham.
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Yana, Marta Dwi, Nur Indah Riwajanti, and Fita Setiati. "Analisis Securities Selection Skill dan Market Timing Ability Pada Kinerja Reksadana Syariah Campuran Di Bursa Efek Indonesia." Journal of Research and Applications: Accounting and Management 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.18382/jraam.v2i3.188.
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<p><em></em><em>Abstract:</em></p><p><em>This research aims to measure the performance of the investment manager of Sharia mutual fund by analyzing his securities selection skill and market timing ability based on Treynor-Mazuy and Henriksson-Merton model. The population in this research are 93 mutual funds listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2016. The samples are 13 Sharia’s mutual fund taken by using purposive sampling techniques. This research uses regression method. The results show that the Sharpe Ratio indicates out of thirteen mutual funds, there are only four mutual funds that performed well, while nine other mutual funds were underperformed. The result based on the model of Treynor-Mazuy and Henriksson-Merton indicate that the investment managers did not have the securities selection skill and market timing ability. It is suggested that Financial Service Authority should hold continuous training for the investment managers and should issue a new certification specifically for the investment manager by increasing the standard of competence.</em></p><p>Abstrak:</p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kinerja manajer investasi reksadana syariah dengan menganalisis <em>securities selection skill</em> dan <em>market timing ability </em>berdasarkan model Treynor-Mazuy dan Henriksson-Merton. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 93 reksadana yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2014 sampai 2016. Sampelnya adalah 13 reksa dana syariah yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi. Hasil penelitian analisis Sharpe Ratio menunjukkan dari tiga belas reksa dana, hanya ada empat reksadana yang berjalan baik, sementara sembilan reksa dana lainnya kinerjanya kurang. Sedangkan berdasarkan model Treynor-Mazuy dan Henriksson-Merton menunjukkan bahwa manajer investasi tidak memiliki keahlian pemilihan sekuritas dan kemampuan waktu pasar. Selanjutnya, disarankan agar Otorita Jasa Keuangan mengadakan pelatihan terus menerus bagi manajer investasi dan perlu mengeluarkan sertifikasi baru khusus untuk manajer investasi untuk meningkatkan standar kompetensi.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>
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Venkataraman, R., and Thilak Venkatesan. "Evaluation of Growth of Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds in India." SDMIMD Journal of Management 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/sdmimd/2016/8413.
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Investors are always baffled about the risk-return characteristics of their investments. There is often the challenge of the alternative between active&passive investments. In case of active mutual funds there are numerous categories of active funds each tracking a different benchmark. It often leads to confusion about how the performance can be compared between one fund to another. The growth of ETFs' has been phenomenal in the recent years due to various advantages of an exchange traded fund compared to the mutual fund as lower cost of management, lesser dependence on fund manager, ease of transaction to name a few. In this context the research analysedthe passive ETF's&prominent Mutual funds both active and passive to justify superior returns at lower risk. The research was based on secondary data, for a period of 5 years i.e. from 2010 to 2015.The various tools used were Sharpe Ratio, Jenson's Alpha, Treynor's Ratio and Tracking error. The study recommends fund houses to implement proactive strategies to reduce tracking error and make ETF's a better alternative for investment.
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Agouram, Jamal, and Lakhnati Ghizlane. "Mean-gini and mean-extended gini portfolio selection: An empirical analysis." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 3 (2016): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rcgv6i3c1art7.
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The purpose of this study was to examine Mean-Gini strategy (MG) and Mean-Extended Gini strategy (MEG) for optimum portfolio selection, in terms of the monthly Rate of Return, Standard Deviation, Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio and Jensen’s Alpha. This paper compared different optimum portfolio strategies, based on Moroccan financial market data taken from turbulent market periods between the years 2007 to 2015. Two distinct sub-periods were studied: (1) crisis period: 2007-2009; (2) post-crisis period: 2010-2015. The results show that both strategies were profitable for investors, but that the MEG strategy is the more appropriate and secure strategy for an individual investor.
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Hsieh, Heng-Hsing. "A Review of Performance Evaluation Measures for Actively-Managed Portfolios." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 5, no. 12 (December 30, 2013): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v5i12.455.
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In the recognition that investment management is an on-going process, the performance of actively-managed portfolios need to be monitored and evaluated to ensure that funds under management are efficiently invested in order to satisfy the mandate specified in the policy statement. This paper discusses the primary performance evaluation techniques used to measure a portfolio’s basic risk and return characteristics, risk-adjusted performance, performance attribution and market timing ability. It is concluded that the Treynor measure is more suitable for evaluating portfolios that are constituents of a broader portfolio, while the information ratio is useful for evaluating hedge funds with an absolute return objective. Although the Sharpe ratio and M-squared arrive at the same evaluation result, M-squared provides a direct comparison between the portfolio and the benchmark. With regard to the analysis of portfolio performance attribution, it is found that the return-based multifactor model of Sharpe (1992) is not suitable for analyzing the performance of hedge funds that engage in short-selling, leverage and derivatives. Additional factors generated by factor analysis could be used as factors in the extended model of Sharpe (1992) to analyze hedge fund return attributions. Finally, the Treynor and Mazuy (1966) model and the Henriksson and Merton (1981) model essentially distinguish the market timing ability from the security selection ability of the portfolio manager.
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Khan, Dr Khaliquzzaman, and Dr Meraj Naem. "Analysis of Selected Conventional and Sharia Compliance Mutual Funds in Oman." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (December 5, 2019): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.15126.
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Investment in mutual funds in Oman is getting more acceptable among the Omanis and other resident communitiesespecially in sharia compliance funds. This is a comparative study that aims to evaluate risks and returns of selected mutual funds in Oman for the period of 2016 till June 2018 from the perspective of passive investors in Oman. Till date there are three Sharia funds in Oman and all the three were launched in 2013. This research investigates the performance of mutual funds on the basis of average returns and the risks involved in the selected conventional and sharia funds applying different tools such as Sharpe ratio, Sortino ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen alpha. The study shows that there has been no significant difference in performances between the shariacompliance mutual funds and the selected conventional funds.
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Tavakoli Baghdadabad, Mohammad Reza, and Masood Fooladi. "Using downside risk in evaluating the performance of Malaysian mutual funds." International Journal of Emerging Markets 10, no. 3 (July 20, 2015): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-08-2011-0071.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide the modified measures of risk-adjusted performance evaluation of Malaysian mutual funds using the downside risk concepts, and promote the ability of managers and investors in making logical decisions under the market asymmetry condition. Design/methodology/approach – This study focusses on the performance evaluation of Malaysian mutual funds using eight modified measures of Sharpe, Treynor, M2, Jensen’s α, information ratio (IR), MSR, SPI, and leverage factor. These modified measures use the downside systematic risk and semi-standard deviation instead of systematic risk and conventional standard deviation, respectively, to evaluate the performance of Malaysian mutual funds over the period 2000-2011. Findings – The results indicate that the conventional measures of performance evaluation do not have a crucial influence on the relative evaluation of mutual funds. Three modified measures of Sharpe, Treynor, and M2 have a high correlation with the conventional Sharpe measure and can be used instead of the conventional Sharpe measure. Since, two modified measures of Treynor and M2 display a high rank correlation coefficient with the conventional Treynor measure, they can be replaced with this traditional measure. In addition, two modified IR and MSR measures along with the modified SPI and conventional SPI show very high rank correlation coefficients in relation to each other. The results also document a modified leverage factor less than one for all funds. It can be concluded that the strategy of un-levering the investor’s holding must be followed. Practical implications – The empirical evidence of this study can be utilized as inputs in the process of decision-making by different types of investors who are interested in participating especially in Malaysian stock market and generally in global stock market under the market asymmetry condition. Originality/value – The contribution of this study is to modify five measures of M2, IR, MSR, FPI, and leverage factor in the downside risk framework which is a work on a rather under-researched area.
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Hossain, Md Sajib. "True Expense Ratio and True Alpha of Imperfect Diversification: Evidence from Stock Market in Bangladesh." International Journal of Economics and Finance 12, no. 11 (October 5, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v12n11p21.
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Actively managed funds try to outperform by deviating from passive benchmarks such as the S&P 500, leading to imperfect diversification and higher idiosyncratic volatility. The idiosyncratic volatility imposes an additional cost to the shareholders. In this study, using data of all the closed-end mutual funds listed with Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) from 2012 to 2019, I have attempted to quantify this higher idiosyncratic volatility as an additional expense on the portfolio and then estimate true expense ratio and true net alpha of the actively managed funds as a new measure for imperfect portfolio diversification. The study finds that mean volatility cost of the funds is 1.42% which is on an average around 89% of the explicit expense ratio and the findings that volatility costs are not strongly correlated with other performance measures such as Sharpe, Treynor or information ratios provides additional information about the fund performance. Moreover, when volatility cost is adjusted to traditional Jensen alpha measure to find a true net alpha of the funds, rankings of the funds significantly change and two alpha measures are not strongly positively correlated, suggesting new information about the fund performance.
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Kozak, Sylwester. "Degree of Convergence of the Efficiency of the Polish Equity Investment Funds Obtained with Measures Based on the Sharpe Ratio." e-Finanse 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fiqf-2016-0028.
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AbstractLong-term persistence of low interest rates and a decline in attractiveness of investing in low-interest bank deposits generate additional demand for investments in investment funds. In such a situation, it is expected to have widespread use of the investment efficiency measures which take into account not only return, but risk level. The study examines eight measures of efficiency based on the Sharpe ratio. The study uses monthly data for 22 active equity funds over the period 2005-2015. It was found that the majority of funds were more efficient than the market in periods of moderate economic growth and less effective in the period of strong growth on the capital market. The most efficient funds retain high efficiency in all phases of the economic cycle. The efficiency values obtained using indicators: Shape, Treynor, Jensen, Sortino, Omega, Sharpe-Israelsen and IR were strongly correlated, while values of the UPR indicator were significantly different from the other results.
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Marozva, Godfrey. "The performance of socially responsible investment funds and exchange-traded funds: Evidence from Johannesburg stock exchange." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 4 (2014): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i4p11.
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The research reported in this article explored how the JSE SRI Index performed relative to exchange-traded funds during the period of economic growth as well as during the period of economic decline between 2004 and 2014. The JSE SRI Index and exchange traded funds are analysed by a single factor model as well as other risk-adjusted performance measures including the Sharpe ratio, the Treynor ratio and the M-squared ratio. The single-factor model regression results suggest that during the period of economic growth the JSE SRI index neither significantly outperformed nor underperformed the exchange-traded funds. However, the JSE SRI Index significantly underperformed the exchange-traded funds during the period of economic decline. Further tests that engaged other risk-adjusted measures indicated that the exchange-traded funds performed better than the JSE SRI index in both periods. Based on this research it is recommended that further research be conducted using models that can control for the liquidity difference in funds.
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Sari, Eka Maya, and Tri Gunarsih. "Apakah Kinerja Saham Syariah Lebih Baik Dibandingkan Saham Non-Syariah pada Tahun 2018-2019?" Telaah Bisnis 21, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35917/tb.v21i1.202.
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There are two considerations that investors need to notice if they want to invest in the capital market, namely, return and risk. An investor needs to diversify to gain benefits and minimize risk by forming the optimal stock portfolios. This research analyzes the differences between Islamic stock (based on JII) and non-Islamic stock (based on LQ45) stock portfolio investment using the single index model. The samples were consistently listed on the JII and LQ45 stock indices in January 2018-December 2019. There are 35 stocks for the LQ45 stock index and 25 stocks on the JII stock index. Sharia stocks' optimal portfolio comprises three stocks, while the optimal portfolio of non-Islamic stocks shall consist of four stocks. The Independent Sample T-Test was implemented to analyze the differences between the Islamic (JII) and non-Islamic (LQ45) optimal stock portfolios based on the Sharpe Ratio, Jensen Ratio, and Treynor Ratio. The results show that there is no significant difference between Islamic and non-Islamic stocks.
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Demcenko, Darja. "Word Portfolio Optimization in the Environment of Zero Interest Rate." Ekonomika 100, no. 1 (June 9, 2021): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2021.1.9.
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This paper provides a deep analysis of ten globally diversified portfolios, composed of different financial instruments: bonds, shares, ETF’s, commodities, indexes, currencies, constructed applying various optimization techniques. Statistical moments, such as mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness of portfolios are compared and discussed. Moreover, performance of the portfolios within the time horizon of one year estimating Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, Sortino ratio is presented. Furthermore, a risk analysis of created portfolios is evaluated in terms of historical VaR and CVaR applying confidence interval 95%. The main results of this paper reveal that the portfolio, which is optimized to minimize VaR produces high expected shortfall. Secondly, the Risk Parity portfolio, despite reducing volatility, has delivered the highest kurtosis of the return, which may indicate the possible tail loss. Furthermore, the maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio has delivered extremely high kurtosis in comparison with the kurtosis of the other portfolios. Finally, it is observed that for the Naïve diversification portfolio it has been typical to have the highest downside deviation.
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Shams, Shahabeddin, and Fatemeh Rezvani. "Performance measurement of investment companies with loss aversion in Tehran Stock Exchange." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 3 (2015): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i3art7.
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This study measures the portfolio performance of listed investment companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) based on prospect theory. The criterion is measured by the ratio of gain to loss, to reflect risk-aversion in gains and risk-seeking in losses. The sample consists of 15 listed investment companies registered in TSE during 2003-2013. Research variables consist of portfolio return, market return, risk-free return, systematic risk, Treynor and Loss Aversion index. Hypotheses have been tested with Spearman correlation coefficient. The results show that Loss Aversion can be used as a new index for measuring portfolio performance.
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Qudratullah, Mohammad Farhan. "Zakah Rate In Islamic Stock Performance Models: Evidence From Indonesia." IQTISHADIA 13, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/iqtishadia.v13i1.6004.
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<p>There are three models commonly used to measure the performance of Islamicstocks, named Treynor Ratio, Sharpe Ratio, and Jansen Index. One component of the three models is risk-free returns which are usually approached with interest rates, whereas interest rates are prohibited in the concept of Islamic finance. This paper will approach a risk-free return with zakat-rate on the Islamic capital market in Indonesia from January 2011 - July 2018, then compare it with a model that uses interest rates. The results obtained by the model with interest rates and zakah-rate in this third model have very high suitability values, so that zakah-rate can be used as an alternative substitute for interest rates in measuring the Islamic stock performance. Beside not contradicting the concept of Islamic economics, calculation of models with zakah-rate is simpler than models with interest rates.</p>
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Rifqi, Muhammad. "The Cost of Sharia Investing: Comparative Empirical Study in Indonesian Stock Market." Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v4i1.9077.
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This study attempts to investigate the financial performance of Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in comparison with more widely known Jakarta Composite Index (JCI). Using historical data from January 2004 to May 2015, we comprehensively measure returns and risk properties of the indices using mean returns, standard deviation, Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, Jensen Alpha, and Value-at-Risk, and evaluate their results. We also perform portfolio simulation to assess the diversification capability of JII from strategic asset allocation perspective. Our findings indicate that despite JII outperforms JCI during pre-crisis in terms of raw and risk-adjusted returns, it underperforms JCI in all other sub-periods. Meanwhile, in terms of risk characteristics, we find that JII is a clear inferior to JCI. Thus, in overall we argue that there is a substantial cost associated with Sharia investing in Indonesian Stock Market. Nevertheless, simulation results indicate that JII could serve as a valuable portfolio diversification tool, in which it succeeds in lowering the risk of the whole portfolio.
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Narsoo, Jason. "Performance Analysis of Portfolio Optimisation Strategies: Evidence from the Exchange Market." International Journal of Economics and Finance 9, no. 6 (May 15, 2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n6p124.
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Portfolio allocation is embedded in many decisional tasks for ensuring best returns under the constraint of minimising risk. In this paper, we implement several strategies in order to generate a holistic assessment of portfolio evaluation. The study analyses the performance of an extended framework of the classical tangency and targeted portfolio strategies. The extension is essentially the use of the skewed student-t distribution for the individual assets’ log-return. Our investigation is based on 15 currencies with US dollar as the base currency for the period spanning from 1999 to 2015. A comparative performance analysis between the portfolio optimization strategies is undertaken on the basis of various performance measures, namely the portfolio expected return, standard deviation, Beta coefficient, Sharpe Ratio, Jensen’s Alpha, Treynor ratio and Roy ratio. The portfolio VaR being perceived as one of the core metrics for risk management is also computed. It is actually proxied by 5 VaR estimates - the parametric Gaussian, the equally-weighted historical VaR, the bootstrapping historical VaR, the Monte-Carlo simulation VaR and the parametric GHD VaR. The results show that both tangency portfolios, with the Gaussian or the skewed student-t distribution perform best, particularly on the basis of highest Sharpe reward-to-variability ratio and lowest Value-at-Risk.
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Pamilangan, Anggreini, and Robiyanto Robiyanto. "PERUMUSAN PORTOFOLIO DINAMIS CRYPTOCURRENCY DENGAN SAHAM-SAHAM LQ45." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 8, no. 2 (October 17, 2019): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jish-undiksha.v8i2.23065.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja portofolio yang dibentuk antara cryptocurrency dengan indeks LQ45 apakah memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik daripada portofolio yang hanya dibentuk dari indeks LQ45 saja. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder berupa time series dengan periode penelitian Juni 2016 sampai Juni 2019. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cryptocurrency memiliki korelasi negatif dengan indeks LQ45 sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai aset lindung nilai. Pengukuran kinerja portofolio diukur berdasarkan Sharpe index, Treynor index, Jensen index dan Sortino ratio. Secara singkat, hasil dari pengukuran kinerja portofolio dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan melibatkan cryptocurrency ke dalam pembentukan portofolio akan menghasilkan kinerja portofolio yang lebih baik.Kata kunci : Portofolio, Lindung Nilai, Cryptocurrency , Indeks LQ45, DCC-GARCH.
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Arora, Ruchi, and T. V. Raman. "A study on performance evaluation of equity mutual funds schemes in India." International Journal of Financial Engineering 07, no. 02 (June 2020): 2050017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786320500176.
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Mutual Funds give a platform for everyone to participate within the Indian capital market with skilled fund management no matter the number endowed. In the past few years, among the various financial products in India, Mutual Funds have emerged as the favorite. There is no doubt that acceptance of mutual funds as an investment vehicle has certainly increased among investors as many investors are earning from mutual fund — as result of increase in information and awareness among investors. Smaller amount of risk is associated with mutual fund investment than directly investing in stocks. Fund manager needs to provide returns in order to construct a diversified portfolio. They take into account numerous factors like, fund size, scheme type, returns, risk, etc. The paper attempts to analyze portfolio evaluation of selected equity diversified schemes using volatility measures such as quantitative factors like Standard Deviation, Beta and the ratios such as Sharpe, Treynor, Jensen’s Alpha, Information ratio, Fama’s Measure, Expense ratio measures. Data for research are collected from the secondary data sources and selected from 30 Mutual Fund schemes 10 AMCs.
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Borochkin, A. A. "Investment portfolio Forex risk hedging in the international stock market." Finance and Credit 26, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 644–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.26.3.644.
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Subject. Investment management on the international financial market necessitates a special approach to foreign currency hedging. The majority of international investors fully eliminate risk associated with their foreign-exchange holdings, seeking profits only from stock price differentials. In certain circumstances, a correlation between local currency exchange rate and local stock index may provide additional opportunities for profit generation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to test the hypothesis that partial currency risk-taking may reduce the total portfolio risk and increase return on international investment. Methods. I apply the global optimization approach to calculate investment portfolios for 11 countries of the world. Each portfolio includes shares of 20–25 highly capitalized companies. Descriptive statistic methods are used to check the input data, i.e. random variable calculation, pivot tables. Investment strategy efficiency is assessed based on the Sharpe Ratio, Sortino Ratio, Treynor Ratio and Omega Ratio. Results. Currency hedge position at the rate of about 14 percent of the total portfolio value may increase investment yield by two percentage points annually on the ten-year time span. Conclusions and Relevance. Total currency risk hedge is necessary for investment in developed and developing countries that pursue the policy of regular devaluation of their national currency. Market regulators inside a particular country should take into account that a sudden devaluation of national currency may be needed, if return on the stock market is lower than that of risk-free instruments.
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Robiyanto, Robiyanto, Michael Alexander Santoso, and Rihfenti Ernayani. "Sharia mutual funds performance in Indonesia." Business: Theory and Practice 20 (January 9, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2019.02.
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The study aims to measure each Sharia mutual fund performance and compare with market performance in Indonesia. Sharia mutual fund investment instruments in Indonesia have positive developments over the period from 2012 to 2017. These positive developments add to the option of investment instruments for public, especially investors who put forward the principles of Sharia. This research was conducted so that the public could have scientific information about Sharia mutual funds that have the best performance. The study found consistent results regarding Sharia mutual funds with the best performance on Sharpe and Jensen measurement methods. The best performing Sharia mutual fund by using those methods was PNM Syariah, while the lowest-performing mutual fund was PNM Amanah Syariah if measured by using Sharpe Index and PNM Ekuitas Syariah if measured by using Jensen Alpha. Different results were found when Sharia mutual fund performance was measured using Treynor Ratio Information Ratio, where the best Sharia mutual fund performance was by Manulife Syariah Sectoral Amanah mutual fund while the lowest performance was by Cipta Syariah Equity mutual fund. This findings are expected to be useful for Sharia-based investors.
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Tavakoli Baghdadabad, Mohammad Reza. "An empirical analysis of funds’ alternative measures in the mean absolute deviation (MAD) framework." International Journal of Emerging Markets 10, no. 4 (September 21, 2015): 726–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-12-2011-0112.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an attempt to evaluate the risk-adjusted performance of international mutual funds using the risk statistic generated by the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and promote the ability of portfolio managers and investors to make the logical decisions for selecting different funds using the new optimized measures. Design/methodology/approach – This study evaluates the performance of 50 international mutual funds using optimized risk-adjusted measures by the MAD over the monthly period 2001-2010. Using 50 linear programming models, the MAD is first computed by the linear programming models, and then seven performance measures of Treynor, Sharpe, Jensen’s α, M2, information ratio (IR), MSR, and FPI are optimized and proposed by the MAD to evaluate the mutual funds. Findings – The empirical evidence detects that the MAD is an important determinant to evaluate the funds’ performance. Using the MAD statistic, this paper shows that new optimized measures are mostly over-performed by the benchmark index; in addition, these optimized measures have close correlation with each other. The results, therefore, detect the importance of using new optimized measures in evaluating the mutual funds’ performance. Practical implications – The result of this study can be directly used as an initial data for decision of investors and portfolio managers who are seeking the possibility of participating in the global stock market by the international mutual funds. Originality/value – This paper is the first study which optimizes the variance of returns in the MAD framework for each fund to propose new seven optimized measures of Treynor, Sharpe, Jensen’s α, M2, IR, MSR, and FPI.