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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trial outcomes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Chavez-Gehrig, Arturo. "Modeling correlations in clinical trial outcomes using machine learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123075.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-71).<br>This thesis explores the problem of characterizing the covariance of clinical trial outcomes using drug and trial features. The binary nature of FDA approvals makes drug development risky, but approaches in finance theory could better manage that risk, allowing more high potential drugs to be developed. To apply these methods confidently, it is necessary to understand the covaria

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McGee, Richard Gerard Eamonn. "Trials and Outcomes in Surgery." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12827.

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Surgery, as a scientific discipline, should be supported by research. Surgeons depend on the availability and quality of an adequate evidence base to provide best possible care. Randomised trials are often considered the best form of evidence when assessing the efficacy of an intervention. Surgical research has been derided because of the paucity of randomised trials published. Many efforts have been made to combat this crisis of credibility, including the creation of the IDEAL Collaboration, which aims to improve “the quality of research in surgery by emphasizing appropriate methods, transpar

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Orr, N. G. F. "Trial outcomes in child death cases : influenced by mothering myths?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/413557/.

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This thesis draws on the insights of rape myth scholarship and also critical responses to battered women who kill to argue that trial outcomes in child death cases may have been influenced by mothering myths. It argues that in order to understand the reasons for wrongful convictions in such cases, we must look beyond the issue of flawed expert evidence, namely to possibly stereotypical interpretations of maternal behaviours around the time the children died. Notwithstanding the difficulties in reading across from rape trials to child death cases, and that both rape myth acceptance research and

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4

Larson, Kimberly A. Goldstein Naomi E. Sevin. "The effects of gender and length of time between commission of crime and trial on juveniles' trial outcomes /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1875.

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5

Motoca, Luci M. "Treatment Moderation and Secondary Outcomes: Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/669.

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The present study pursued two objectives in the context of a randomized clinical trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy with parent (CBT/P) and group (GCBT) involvement. The first objective was to examine the variability in treatment outcome. There were three specific aims within the first objective, to evaluate: (1) youth characteristics (age, depressive, and externalizing disorders) as moderators of treatment outcome; (2) the differential outcome of the treatment approaches as a function of youth characteristics; and (3) the relative efficacy of the treatment approaches at each level of the m

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York, Timothy. "Predictors of Conviction: An Examination of Arson Trial Outcomes in Florida." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5962.

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The influences that crime control, due process factors, and individual demographic characteristics have on the criminal trial outcomes of accused arsonists was unknown. Absent this knowledge, it was not clear if public policy ensures justice for the accused, particularly for the disadvantaged. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate, using Packer's due process and crime control model as the theoretical framework, the relationship between time to trial, number of defense and prosecution witnesses, access to fire origin and cause experts, legal representation type, age, r

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Jennings, Natasha A. "A randomised controlled trial evaluating outcomes of emergency nurse practitioner service." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/83968/1/Natasha_Jennings_Thesis.pdf.

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The emergency nurse practitioner role was developed as an innovative and cost effective approach to meet increasing patient demand for health care. This thesis is the first contemporary study to evaluate clinical outcomes of the role within a complex systems-intervention framework. Emergency nurse practitioner service effectiveness was demonstrated through superior performance in delivery of timely analgesia for emergency department patients. The results validate nurse practitioner service as being able to demonstrate comparable outcomes. This research provides a much-needed evidence base supp

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Wotherspoon, Amy Christine. "Biomarkers and outcomes of the diabetes and pre-eclampsia intervention trial (DAPIT)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728831.

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Pre-eclampsia is a serious condition that occurs during pregnancy, which can lead to significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women with type 1 diabetes are at high risk of developing pre-eclampsia. The aim of this thesis was to explicate the acceptability of a screening test for pre-eclampsia and to identify potential biomarkers for predicting pre-eclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes. A number of approaches were used. Firstly, a qualitative study, consisting of interviews and questionnaires, was conducted to gain insight into women’s views on the potential introduction of

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Flory, Nicole. "A randomized controlled trial comparing the psychosocial outcomes of total and subtotal hysterectomy /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85907.

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In North America, hysterectomy is the most common major surgery for benign non-obstetric reasons (e.g., uterine fibroids, endometriosis, abnormal bleeding) in premenopausal women. Many of these conditions may result in pelvic pain, sexual and psychological difficulties. However, the capacity of hysterectomy to relieve these problems has not been adequately evaluated. Recently, there has been controversy as to whether less invasive surgeries such as subtotal hysterectomy, in which the uterus is removed and the cervix is left intact, are less detrimental than total hysterectomy, in which

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Rogers, Jane. "The Hinchingbrooke Third Stage Trial : what lessons can be drawn from this trial about the process and outcomes of midwifery practitioner research?" Thesis, London South Bank University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428062.

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11

Cavalli, Maide Maria. "Predicting survival outcomes in Myeloma using surrogate markers." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1394.

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BACKGROUND: OS should be considered the gold standard before adopting a particular treatment strategy as standard of care in Multiple Myeloma Phase III randomized clinical study but the use of OS as trial endpoint results in long trial duration. The primary objective of our project was to investigate whether there was a required minimum PFS difference between two arms in phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that can be used as a predictor of benefit in overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives were to explore if there was a minimum threshold for VGPR rate and CR rate difference be

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12

Zarling, Amie Nichole. "A preliminary trial of ACT skills training for aggressive behavior." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2420.

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The objective of the current research was to test the initial feasibility and potential efficacy of a group-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for partner aggression, compared to a support and discussion control group, in a clinical sample of adults. Specifically, the study was intended to provide preliminary evidence of the impact of an ACT group on psychological and physical aggression, and to examine the processes responsible for any treatment effects. One hundred and one participants (mean age =

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Esslinger, Krista. "Dietary outcomes of a school-based trial to reduce risk factors for coronary heart disease." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31227.

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The dietary outcomes of a school-based heart health promotion program in a low-income, multiethnic, inner-city neighbourhood of Montreal, Canada, were investigated. Eight intervention schools and sixteen control schools participated in the project from 1993 to 1997. Twenty-four hour recall data, as well as data on anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics, were collected from a subsample of all students in grades 4--6 (aged 9--12 years) at baseline (n = 498), after two years (n = 491), and after four years (n = 347). There were no significant differ in nutrient intakes between 1995 a

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Raynor, Pauline. "Failure to thrive : are outcomes improved by a specialist health visitor : a randomised controlled trial." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412872.

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Ras, Lamees. "Comparison of short-term outcomes between two sacrospinous suture capture devices : a randomised controlled trial." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20409.

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BACKGROUND Sacrospinous Fixation is a procedure for mid-compartment apical suspension in pelvic organ prolapse surgery with high success rates. The approach by traditional wide dissection has been well-documented. The literature is lacking however with regard to newer devices on the market that use less extensive dissection to perform this procedure. METHODS A randomised controlled trial was carried out comparing the Boston Scientific's Capio Slim® (control) and Bard's Fixt® (intervention) for bilateral sacrospinous fixation in women with mid-compartment prolapse requiring surgery and who met

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Shelby, Rebecca A. "Understanding the effectiveness of interventions for cancer patients: a study of patient characteristics and intervention evaluations." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1148322580.

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Dunn, Rose. "Using Pre-Session Mindfulness to Improve Session Presence and Effectiveness: A Randomized-Controlled Trial." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862760/.

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While a significant amount of research illustrates the overall positive effects of therapists' general use of mindfulness, very few studies have addressed whether therapists' use of mindfulness translates to improved psychotherapy outcomes. The present study utilized a randomized-controlled design to test whether a brief mindfulness training program and pre-session mindfulness practice could have a positive impact on therapy; in particular, we hypothesized that mindfulness training and practice would improve ratings on therapeutic presence as rated by clients and therapists and session effect

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Alkarimi, H. A. "Impact of dental treatment on anthropometric and health outcomes : a randomised controlled trial amongst Saudi children." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/623096/.

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Background: Dental caries is a significant public health problem in many countries. There is equivocal evidence of an association between caries and children's anthropometric outcomes. On the other hand, some studies from developed countries showed that dental treatment of severe caries accelerated weight gain in low weight children. Objectives: 1) To assess the relationship between caries and children’s anthropometric and health related outcomes in a high caries population. 2) To evaluate the effect of treatment of severe caries on children’s anthropometric and health related outcomes. Method

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Lutge, Elizabeth Eleanor. "Economic support to improve TB treatment outcomes in South Africa : a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85667.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focused on the provision of economic support to improve the outcomes of patients on TB treatment. Although the association between poverty and tuberculosis is generally acknowledged, there is little evidence to guide the use of economic interventions to improve tuberculosis control. In South Africa, a high burden country with extensive poverty, such evidence is particularly important. The first part of this thesis is a Cochrane systematic review of evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effectivene

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Askie, Lisa Maree. "A randomised controlled trial of oxygen therapy on growth and development of preterm infants." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/599.

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Background: Physiological studies have shown that many preterm infants and infants with chronic lung disease may suffer chronic hypoxaemia, which possibly leads to poor growth and development. Anecdotal reports indicate that there is a drive to increase the oxygen saturation target range to a higher level in these infants due primarily to perceived benefits derived from clinical experience and from uncontrolled observational studies of babies discharged on home oxygen. Objective The BOOST (Benefits Of Oxygen Saturation Targeting) trial is the first randomised trial to assess the long-t

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Askie, Lisa Maree. "A randomised controlled trial of oxygen therapy on growth and development of preterm infants." University of Sydney. Public Health, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/599.

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Background: Physiological studies have shown that many preterm infants and infants with chronic lung disease may suffer chronic hypoxaemia, which possibly leads to poor growth and development. Anecdotal reports indicate that there is a drive to increase the oxygen saturation target range to a higher level in these infants due primarily to perceived benefits derived from clinical experience and from uncontrolled observational studies of babies discharged on home oxygen. Objective The BOOST (Benefits Of Oxygen Saturation Targeting) trial is the first randomised trial to assess the long-t

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Bell, Melanie L., Amy L. Whitehead, and Steven A. Julious. "Guidance for using pilot studies to inform the design of intervention trials with continuous outcomes." DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627081.

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Background: A pilot study can be an important step in the assessment of an intervention by providing information to design the future definitive trial. Pilot studies can be used to estimate the recruitment and retention rates and population variance and to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy potential. However, estimation is poor because pilot studies are small, so sensitivity analyses for the main trial's sample size calculations should be undertaken. Methods: We demonstrate how to carry out easy-to-perform sensitivity analysis for designing trials based on pilot data using an example. F

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Hickey, Andrea. "Improving Academic Outcomes for Children in Foster Care Through Tutoring or Working Memory Training: Three Randomized Trials." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37622.

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Children in care (e.g., foster care) are at risk of a variety of negative developmental outcomes. Of particular concern are their often poor academic outcomes. Indeed, children in care often have below grade-level performance on math and reading, increased rates of school drop out, and learning disabilities. Despite these difficulties, relatively little research has been conducted to try to ameliorate the problem. The present thesis, consisting of three independent randomized controlled trials (RCTs), sought to address the need for improved educational outcomes for children in care. The fir

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Milandri, Giovanni. "Eccentric cycling rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised controlled trial of strength and biomechanical outcomes." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25452.

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After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R), persistent strength and biomechanical deviations remain. Reducing these by training may reduce risk of re-injury or osteoarthritis for these patients. A cross-sectional study investigated biomechanics of ACL-R male patients long-term (~5 years) post surgery. Fifteen ACL-R and fifteen healthy controls were tested in walking and running using motion capture. Devi- ations were found, primarily between-limbs, and also between groups. Largest deviations were lower knee angles and moments in the affected limb during running. However, these wer

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Carlson, Robin. "Clinical Significance of Response Shift in a Spine Interventional Clinical Trial." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/231.

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The effectiveness of treatments for degenerative spine conditions, where the primary symptom is back pain, is typically determined using patient-reported quality of life (QoL) measures. However, patients may adjust their internal standards when scoring QoL based on factors other than their health. This response shift phenomenon could confound the interpretation of study data and impact effectiveness conclusions. In the current study, response shift was examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) and previously collected clinical trial data comparing 2 minimally invasive medical devices i

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Cull, Brooke J. "The seated inactivity trial (S.I.T.): physical activity and dietary outcomes associated with eight weeks of imposed sedentary behavior." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18214.

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Master of Public Health<br>Department of Human Nutrition<br>Mark Haub<br>Background: Time spent in sedentary behaviors, independent of physical activity levels, is a risk factor for chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. It is unknown whether physically active adults alter their dietary and/or physical activity behaviors in response to imposed sedentary time. The aim of this study was to determine whether imposing 10 hours of sedentary time per week for 8 weeks would alter physical activity and/or dietary profiles of physically active adults. Methods: Sixteen physically active, healthy

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Edwards, K. E. "Group work for children with Tourette syndrome : a pilot randomised controlled trial evaluating tic severity and neuropsychological outcomes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1471030/.

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This thesis consists of three major components: A literature review, an empirical paper and a critical appraisal. The literature review outlines a wide-ranging systematic search, describing and evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial group-delivered treatments for children aged 5-18 years with ADHD. Studies included child-only groups as well as those that involved parents, multimodal treatment, or a comparison of these different approaches. Twenty-two studies were described, in which cognitive-behavioural approaches dominated. The methodological quality of nineteen studies was assessed, f

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Keurentjes, Amy Elizabeth. "Relationship of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment During Labor and Delivery on Selected Maternal Morbidity Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26177.

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Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) has been used for more than 100 years to enhance the physiologic process of labor and delivery by normalizing pelvic structures and providing adequate blood supply to the uterus. Since maternal morbidity and mortality is a major health concern for developing countries, it was desirable to explore the benefits of OMT. After IRB approval by the Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine and Virginia Tech, the research was conducted in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic at Hospital Maternidad Nuestra SeÃ±ora de la Altagracia to determine the relationship of

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Ssenyonga, Lydia V. N. "Effects of decreasing maternal separation of under 6-month old infants directly before and after surgery on allostatic load and outcomes : a randomised control trail [i.e. trial]." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6058.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The current understanding is that infants below six months old do not show separation anxiety (Bretherton, 1985). The objective of the study was to measure the evidence of stress using heart rate variability and impedance cardiograph as indicators of autonomic nervous system activation in order to determine whether decreasing maternal separation of under 6-month-old infants directly before and after surgery decreases their stress experience. The hypothesis was a mother’s presence makes a difference to the autonomic response to stres

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Jamil, Muhammad Kamal Muhammad Abdul. "Perthes disease: exploration into bisphosphonate therapy through randomized clinical trial and a medium-term assessment of walking quality outcomes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21815.

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Perthes disease (PD) is the most common cause of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the hip in children. While the underlying aetiology is unclear, long-term function is directly related to the sphericity of the femoral head. In this thesis, the efficacy of using bisphosphonates as treatment of early-stage PD was explored. The hypothesis that bisphosphate therapy may prevent osteonecrotic bone resorption and prevent femoral head collapse was supported by animal data and published data on the use of bisphosphonates in children with traumatic femoral head avascular necrosis. Here, a multicentre, prosp

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Serban, Stefan Teodor. "Outcomes of Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (OPERA) : quantitative and qualitative results of a pilot randomized controlled trial." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7231/.

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Outcomes of Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (OPERA) was a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aimed to assess the feasibility for a larger, multi-center RCT which would investigate the efficiency of non-surgical periodontal treatment in reducing disease activity levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The OPERA trial used a mixed methods approach. The quantitative approach delivered pilot data regarding the clinical outcomes of the intervention, whilst the role of qualitative data was to provide a better insight into the experiences and values of

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Newlands, Rumana. "Design and outcomes of a feasibility randomised controlled trial of lifestyle weight loss intervention in women treated for breast cancer." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231668.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancer treatments and treatment-related factors (type, dose, duration, and side-effects) have been found to be associated with weight gain in women. Overweight and obesity, in breast cancer survivors, is associated with increased risk of breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. Prognosis may be improved by maintaining a healthy weight but research in weight management in women treated for breast cancer is relatively limited. Aim: To design a weight loss trial for women treated for breast cancer and to

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Hall, Thomas Charles. "A randomised control trial investigating the effects of parenteral fish oil on survival outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/32336.

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Introduction: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients on the intensive care unit (ITU). Death from sepsis in the ITU is frequently preceded by the development of multiple organ failure as a result of uncontrolled inflammation. Treatment with omega-3 (fish oil) has been demonstrated to attenuate the effects of uncontrolled inflammation and may be clinically beneficial in reducing morbidity from organ dysfunction. Method: A randomised control trial investigating the effects of parenteral omega-3 (OmegavenTM), given early in the course of sepsis, was carried out in a sin

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Quinn, David. "Fidelity Versus Flexibility: Effects and Moderators of Program Management Structures on Teacher and Student Outcomes in a Cluster-Randomized Trial." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27112715.

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The questions of how to improve educational practice at scale, and what role scientific investigation can or should play in that endeavor, have been central to the enterprise of education research since its beginning (Dewey, 1929). In one approach, researchers produce evidence regarding the effects of standardized instructional procedures on student learning, and then school- and district leaders manage teachers’ faithful implementation of those procedures. In another approach, teachers are encouraged to use their expert judgment and flexibly apply research-based principles of effective inst

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Gupta, Ajay Kumar. "Determinants of, and outcomes associated with, antihypertensive-associated incident diabetes and metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients in the ASCOT-trial." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9964.

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Controversy exists whether the adverse effects on glucose metabolism and the increased incidence of new‐onset diabetes (NOD) associated with beta‐blockers and/or diuretics translate into adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, and thereby seriously detract from the beneficial effects of the these agents. Furthermore, little is known about the determinants of NOD among hypertensive patients. Controversy also surrounds the clinical utility of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its role in predicting NOD and CV outcomes. In this thesis I present an evaluation of these issues using the database of the

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Doyle, Rebecca. "Prohibiting deferred consent can lead to research bias in clinical trials within Paediatric Intensive Care Units." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/406508.

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The conduct of clinical trials under time constraints in the paediatric critical care setting may pose an ethical dilemma for researchers. Many life-saving interventions do not allow adequate time to obtain informed, prospective consent from parents or legal guardians. The rapid decision process in the paediatric critical care environment challenges the ethically accepted gold standard of consent prior to interventional research. In time-critical research, provision is made to obtain consent after the intervention has taken place. This concept is often referred to as deferred consent but may a

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Littlejohn, Meagan. "Gain-Framed Messaging to Promote Adult Sport: An Exploration of the Effects of Efficacy-Enhancing Messages on Psychological and Behavioural Outcomes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35531.

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To understand how to better stimulate adult sport engagement, this study investigated effects of gain-framed messages (GFM; Rothman & Updegraff, 2010) on psychological/behavioural outcomes, with or without efficacy-enhancing messages (Latimer et al., 2010). Eligible adults (30-69 years-old) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions (‘GFM alone’ or ‘GFM plus efficacy-enhancing messages’), or a control condition. Participants (N = 232; 62.5% female) completed baseline/screening measures, watched their messaging intervention and reported outcomes one-week later (Time 2), and re

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Harry, Melissa Lindley. "The Effectiveness of Participant-Directed Home and Community-Based Services for Young Adults with Long-Term Care Disabilities: Analysis of a Randomized Control Trial." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:105065.

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Thesis advisor: Kevin J. Mahoney<br>Thesis advisor: Ce Shen<br>For young adults with disabilities, who face barriers in achieving markers of adulthood, a service gap has been identified during the transition to adulthood. Preliminary qualitative evidence suggests that participant-directed home and community-based services (PD-HCBS), which can be easily modified to meet an individual’s needs, might aid these young adults as they transition into adulthood and provide an option to fill the service gap. However, research was needed to determine if young adults are significantly affected by having

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Ansah, Evelyn Korkor. "The effect of reducing the direct cost of care on health service utilization and health outcomes in Ghana : a randomized controlled trial." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2007. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1410527/.

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Aim: To improve malaria control in children less than five years of age. Objectives: To assess the impact of reducing the direct cost of health care on utilization of health services and morbidity associated with malaria among children under 5 years old. Primary objective To compare the prevalence of anaemia (Hb<8g/dl) among children six to fifty-nine months of age, from households with and without improved financial access. Secondary objectives included: To compare the health service utilization rate among children from households with or without improved financial access; to compare househol

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Johnston, Elizabeth Elinor. "Evaluating the health effects of a social intervention in older people using an experimental approach." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/evaluating-the-health-effects-of-a-social-intervention-in-older-people-using-an-experimental-approach(f4ca1560-2946-4be8-b54b-5deb0a6fe78c).html.

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Background: there is limited research to show that a social intervention such as increasing income improves health, especially as this relates to older people. It is known that poverty is a real problem for many older people in Northern Ireland. One reason for this is that older people often do not claim the financial benefits for which they are entitled. This is a randomised controlled study that sought to investigate the health effects of an increased uptake of social security benefits. Methods: The aims of this study were to find out if an increase in income through the take up of unclaimed

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Booth, Shari Lynn. "Professional Development as a Means to Increase Teacher Fidelity and Improve Teacher and Student Outcomes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/446.

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This study was conducted to examine professional development techniques for training special education teachers to implement discrete trial training with in the classroom environment. The purpose of this study was to determine if professional development regarding discrete trail training increases the fidelity with which teachers implement discrete trail training when providing instruction to students with autism spectrum disorder. Specifically, the study noted if professional development that included coaching in the classroom increased the fidelity with which teachers were able to implement

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Adegoke, Korede K. "The Effects of Maternal Folate on Fetal Brain and Body Size among Smoking Mothers." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6793.

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The adverse effects of maternal smoking on infant mortality and morbidity has been well documented in the literature. Maternal tobacco use is causally associated with fetal growth restriction and correlates negatively with folate intake and metabolism. Studies have examined the association between smoking and folate levels during pregnancy, but very few have assessed this relationship using objective and accurate measures of both variables. Furthermore, despite evidence of a causal association between smoking in pregnancy and intrauterine growth restriction, and a plausible relationship betwee

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Meissner, Robyn Jess. "A randomised control trial comparing occupational therapy interventions that aim to improve developmental outcomes for HIV9positive children (aged 6 months - 5 years) on ART." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22874.

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Background: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) has reduced the mortality rate of HIV-positive children significantly, and is known to prevent the development and progression of HIV encephalopathy. However, even with ART, perinatal HIV infection places HIV-infected children at increased risk for encephalopathy and associated developmental delays. Research is lacking in the extent of developmental delay on children established on ART, along with evidence-based occupational therapy interventions to treat these developmental delays. A play-informed, caregiver-implemented, home-based group occupational

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Subnis, Utkarsh B. "Stress management for cancer survivors using a technologically adapted psychosocial intervention: A randomized trial determining the effect of expressive writing on psychoneuroimmunology based outcomes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3596.

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Patients with cancer transitioning from completing their final cancer treatments to survivorship are particularly at risk for experiencing psychosocial stress, and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has referred to these cancer patients as “lost in transition.” In this study, patients with cancer in their transition phase after completing their final radiation treatment were defined as cancer survivors (CS). CS must deal with chronic stressors such as the fear of cancer recurrence as well as the resumption of their roles in their family and work lives. Chronic stress impacts the nervous system an

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Madden, Sloane. "Inpatient Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa: Does Inpatient Weight Restoration Prior to Outpatient Family Treatment Improve Outcomes in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa? A Randomised Controlled Trial." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13699.

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Background Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a serious disorder, with high costs due to hospitalisation and complications due to malnutrition. International treatments vary with prolonged hospitalisations in Europe and shorter hospitalisations in the USA. Uncontrolled studies suggest longer initial hospitalisations that normalise weight produce better outcomes than shorter hospitalisations with lower discharge weights. This study aimed to compare effectiveness of hospitalisation for weight restoration (WR) to medical stabilisation (MS) in adolescent AN. Secondary aims were to assess the safety of a rap

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CIMADAMORE, ALESSIA. "Biomarkers of angiogenesis and clinical outcomes to Cabozantinib and Everolimus in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma from the Randomized Phase III METEOR Trial." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11566/295826.

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Gli inibitori del recettore anti-angiogenico VEGF (VEGFR) sono stati approvati per il trattamento di pazienti con carcinoma renale (RCC) metastatico e la loro efficacia è maggiore nei tumori con elevata angiogenesi. Dato che Cabozantinib inibisce multipli recettori tirosin-chinasici, incluso VEGFR, l'obiettivo dello studio è quello di valutare se marcatori di angiogenesi, ovvero la densità microvascolare (MVD) e la densità dei mastociti (MCD), sono predittivi di risposta alla terapia con cabozantinib versus everolimus. Sono stati utilizzati campioni istologici di carcinomi renali di pazienti a

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Herman, Patricia, Sally Dodds, Melanie Logue, et al. "IMPACT - Integrative Medicine PrimAry Care Trial: protocol for a comparative effectiveness study of the clinical and cost outcomes of an integrative primary care clinic model." BioMed Central, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610366.

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BACKGROUND:Integrative medicine (IM) is a patient-centered, healing-oriented clinical paradigm that explicitly includes all appropriate therapeutic approaches whether they originate in conventional or complementary medicine (CM). While there is some evidence for the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IM practice models, the existing evidence base for IM depends largely on studies of individual CM therapies. This may in part be due to the methodological challenges inherent in evaluating a complex intervention (i.e., many interacting components applied flexibly and with tailoring) such as IM.MET

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Parsons, Emma Louise. "Nutritional screening and the effects of oral nutrition support on clinical outcomes : a randomised trial of oral nutrition supplements versus dietary advice in care homes." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416619/.

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Miles, Sandra Jennifer. "Sensory and Motor Interventions for Very Early School-age Children: a Cluster Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial Examining Effect on Development, Behaviour and Academic Learning Outcomes." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2018. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/7a01e0af69ee176b895a5b0693e2e0868cef838dbdaa90830a779a2994c8d835/2059817/MILES_2018_Sensory_and_motor_interventions_for_very.pdf.

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Sensory and motor interventions are implemented in schools with the aim to improve children's development, behaviour and academic learning outcomes, albeit with limited research evidence of effect. These are particularly used as an early intervention with very early school-age children in an effort to ease the transition to formal schooling and enhance school readiness. This thesis presents a six-phase study undertaken to examine the effect of one such intervention. The aim of this study was to determine any effect from a mixed sensorimotor and sensory integration group intervention, on early

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Shao, Jung-Hua. "Evaluation of health-related outcomes following a self-management program for older people with heart failure." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/20702/1/Jung-Hua_Shao_Thesis.pdf.

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Background. Heart failure (HF) which is a chronic, disabling disorder is mainly found in older people and is one of the leading causes of hospitalisation and readmission around the world. Unfortunately, the mortality and morbidity rates for HF remain high. HF is a complex combination of symptoms which are related to an inadequate perfusion of the body tissues caused by fluid and sodium retention. Hence, enhancing HF patients’ self-efficacy to change their behaviours to perform fluid & sodium control is one of the most important issues for the management of HF. A self-management program has the

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