Academic literature on the topic 'Trials (Political corruption)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Trials (Political corruption)"
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Wu, Chung-li. "Assessing the Effects of Political Factors on Court Decisions in Corruption Litigation in Taiwan." Asian Survey 59, no. 2 (2019): 295–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2019.59.2.295.
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Using panel data on Taiwan district court verdicts from 2000 through 2015, this study examines the impact of resource inequality on corruption litigation to determine whether court decisions are politically biased. Contrary to expectations, it appears that superior resources give defendants only a limited advantage in corruption trials in Taiwan.
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Yarrington, Doug. "Public Opinion and Modernity in Venezuela's Anti-Corruption Trials, 1945–8." Journal of Latin American Studies 51, no. 1 (2018): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x18000640.
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AbstractThis article explores the reasons why the most important anti-corruption campaign in twentieth-century Venezuela failed to win sustained support. Employing a constructivist approach to historical actors’ understandings of corruption, it analyses the debates that erupted when the Acción Democrática (Democratic Action, AD) party prosecuted 167 former officials for illicit enrichment. The ensuing debate demonstrates that AD and its opponents disagreed over the proper boundaries between the public and private spheres in a modern state. AD sought to punish officials who used public office for private gain, but critiques of the trials effectively countered AD and contributed to its overthrow in 1948.
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Kipp, Rita Smith. "INDONESIA IN 2003: Terror's Aftermath." Asian Survey 44, no. 1 (2004): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2004.44.1.62.
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Abstract Several bombings that targeted international capital or the Indonesian government put a chill on tourism and foreign investment, but despite high-profile investigations and trials, doubts that these were home-grown acts of Islamic terrorism remain pervasive. Military action in Aceh, continuing corruption, and lack of progress on legal reform suggest to many that post-New Order reformasi has stalled.
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Zhegalov, Evgeny A. "Moral and Historical School of Criminalistics." Juridical Science and Practice 16, no. 2 (2020): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2542-0410-2020-16-2-82-86.
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The article considers ways to overcome corruption in the investigation and inquiry bodies by improving the course of criminology and establishing and implementing a moral and historical school. Named origins and pioneers of the ethical-historical school of criminology, given their views on the quality of justice investigator from the psychological side: integrity, strong moral convictions, skill in complex conflict situations, to remain master of their feelings and aspirations, to remain faithful to the moral principles of intolerance to evil, the pursuit of justice, ethical behavior in relations with the suspect, accused, witness, excluding physical or mental violence. It is argued that the communication of the investigator with the accused should not be based on deception and immorality; in such a profession necessary moral fortitude, and perseverance of the investigator in an atmosphere of total temptation and corruption, the ability to effectively resist illegal pressure, selfless dedication in any environment, selflessness, and humanism. The abovementioned application of the content of ethical-historical school of criminology, such as: the development and adoption of a code of ethics for CSI, the CSI oath, improvement or adoption of such codes for various categories of employees of law enforcement bodies and subjects of law enforcement; the implementation of the educational process on criminology interactive exploration of film documents on the history of the sections and fields of criminology, political processes, the Nuremberg trials, investigation and conviction of Nazi criminals and their accomplices, the investigation of disasters, terrorist attacks, the death of political and cultural figures, investigation of resonant crimes from different eras and in recent years, return to the detailed development and implementation in the training of lawyers clear criteria of admissibility of tactics; creation of self-regulating communities in state and law enforcement agencies that can be contacted in cases of corruption pressure. Scientific results demonstrate an extremely low knowledge of the recent history of criminology and the Nuremberg trials by law school graduates. The results are new and have not been published before.
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Bowen, Rachel E. "The Weight of the Continuous Past: Transitional (In)Justice and Impunity States in Central America." Latin American Politics and Society 61, no. 1 (2018): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lap.2018.62.
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AbstractCentral America’s Northern Triangle is infamous for high levels of violent crime and human rights abuses, producing “impunity states” in which violence typically goes unpunished. That violence reflects the broader impunity or “transitional injustice” that has persisted since the peace accords and transitions to democracy of the 1980s and 1990s. Several “posttransitional” trials for past human rights violations in recent years in Guatemala were made possible by institutional strengthening efforts in the prosecutorial agency, led by a unique United Nations commission. Significant progress away from broad impunity may also be seen in the 2015 “Guatemalan Spring,” in which a sitting president was forced to resign and submit to prosecution in connection with a corruption scandal. Comparisons of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras suggest that institutional strengthening is necessary before “posttransitional justice,” or an end to impunity more generally, can be possible.
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Dwyer, Susan. "Reconciliation for Realists." Ethics & International Affairs 13 (March 1999): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.1999.tb00328.x.
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Reconciliation is being urged upon people who have been bitter and murderous enemies, upon victims and perpetrators of terrible human rights abuses, and upon groups of individuals whose very self-conceptions have been structured in terms of historical and often state-sanctioned relations of dominance and submission. The rhetoric of reconciliation is particularly common in situations where traditional judicial responses to past wrongdoing are unavailable because of corruption in the legal system, staggeringly large numbers of offenders, or anxiety about the political consequences of trials and punishment.But what is reconciliation? How is reconciliation to be achieved? And under what conditions should it be sought? The notable lack of answers to these questions prompts the worry that talk of reconciliation is merely a ruse to disguise the fact that a “purer” type of justice cannot be realized–that, in being asked to focus on reconciliation rather than on punishment, victims of past wrongdoing are having to settle for the morally second best. By mining our pretheoretical understandings of reconciliation, the essay arrives at a core concept of reconciliation as narrative incorporation that at the same time suggests a way in which reconciliation might be pursued and grounds a response to moral qualms provoked by the use of an unanalyzed conception of reconciliation.
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Simpkin, Victoria, Evelyn Namubiru-Mwaura, Lorcan Clarke, and Elias Mossialos. "Investing in health R&D: where we are, what limits us, and how to make progress in Africa." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 2 (2019): e001047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001047.
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Global research and development (R&D) pipelines for diseases that disproportionately affect African countries appear to be inadequate, with governments struggling to prioritise investment in R&D. This article provides insights into the sources of investment in health science research, available research capacity and level of research output in Africa. The African region comprises 15% of the world’s population, yet only accounted for 1.1% of global investments in R&D in 2016. There were substantial disparities within the continent, with Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa contributing 65.7% of the total R&D spending. In most countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the largest source of R&D funding is the private sector. R&D in Africa is mainly funded by the public sector, with significant proportions of financing in many countries coming from international funding. Challenges that limit private sector investment include unstable political environments, poor governance and corruption. Evidence suggests various research output and research capacity limitations in Africa when considering a global context. Metrics that reflect this include university rankings, number of researchers, number of publications, clinical trials networks and pharmaceutical manufacturing capacity. Within the continent there are substantial regional disparities. Incentivising investment is crucial to foster current and future research output and research capacity. This paper outlines some of the many commendable initiatives under way. Innovative and collaborative financing mechanisms can stimulate further investment. Given the vast inequalities across Africa in R&D, strategies need to reflect the different capacities of countries to address this disparity.
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Strange, Carolyn. "The Unwritten Law of Executive Justice: Pardoning Patricide in Reconstruction-era New York." Law and History Review 28, no. 4 (2010): 891–930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248010000714.
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Reconstruction was an uncertain time in New York City, the nation's foremost metropolis, riddled with political corruption and rocked by popular protest. Stabilizing efforts took numerous forms, including the brutal suppression of workers' rallies and the prosecution of municipal politicians and officials. Public faith in the criminal justice system and its capacity to prosecute and punish criminals had also reached a low ebb by the 1870s, prompting the state government to investigate the district attorney's office in New York County and its court system. In the words of a veteran member of the city's criminal bar, the “deplorable uncertainty” of punishment was making “a mockery of justice.” A Columbia University medico-legal expert agreed, claiming that murder, “if not yet cultivated as one of the fine arts … [was] a matter of daily occurrence.” High-profile trials in the wake of the Civil War tested public and professional criticism of jury independence, particularly jurors' disinclination to find killers guilty of murder, compounded by defense attorneys' growing use of “moral” and “emotional insanity” defenses. Every time apparently sane killers, such as William McFarland (tried and acquitted on grounds of “temporary insanity” in 1870 for the murder of his former wife's lover) escaped conviction on the basis of questionable insanity defenses, newspapers announced “the insanity dodge,” and medico-legal experts squabbled over the growing problem of “feigned insanity.” Occasionally Manhattan's murderers did face the gallows, especially the poor and friendless, as the execution of William Foster in March 1873 confirmed, but it seemed that well-financed and well-defended murderers, like Edward Stokes, murderer of financier Jim Fisk, could exploit the technicalities of the law if the vagaries of medicine failed to secure acquittals. A justice system of this sorry character had little hope of deterring would-be murderers, the New York Times despaired: “MURDER AND HANGING-Examples Wanted-Strangle All Our Murderers Together.”
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Case, William. "Malaysia in 2007: High Corruption and Low Opposition." Asian Survey 48, no. 1 (2008): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2008.48.1.47.
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2007 appeared to be a year of political and economic continuity in Malaysia. The government won three by-elections. The economy grew at 5.6%. Tensions over ethnic relations and Islamization simmered, though with probably no greater intensity than in past years. And foreign relations were smoothly conducted. But in an extraordinary scandal, a prominent political advisor went on trial for abetting the murder of his former mistress.
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Ahmad, Ahrar. "Bangladesh in 2012." Asian Survey 53, no. 1 (2013): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2013.53.1.73.
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The year 2012 began well for Bangladesh. Economic performance was impressive, and there were some notable political developments, such as the starting of the War Crimes Trial. However, corruption remained a pressing issue, the rule of law and human rights in the country became increasingly tenuous, and the political environment continued to be turbulent and uncertain. Moreover, issues regarding the country’s relationship with both India and the U.S. were poorly resolved.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trials (Political corruption)"
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Volejnik, Adriana Cristina Pino. "A prova pericial cont??bil na A????o Penal 470: o caso Mensal??o / Adriana Cristina Pino Volejnik." FECAP, 2017. http://tede.fecap.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/736.
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This is a study about how the legal evidence was organized within the criminal sphere, the reason behind it and how this forensic accounting report was added into the Court Case number 470 (AP 470/2007), the "Mensal??o". Structured on both qualitative research and the analysis of the case files (about 63.000 pages until the rulling) through a protocol based on Dempster's Evidence Theory. The data was structured, categorized and classified to allow not only for better identification of the main phases of the "Mensal??o" and of it's documentation, but also to identify characteristics on both technical evidence and forensic accounting report. Throughout the process, 215 pieces of technical evidence were found, of which 30 were mentioned at the rulling by Ministers of the Supreme Court, rapporteur and proofreader. Among these 30 where the 8 main reports made by the Brazillian Federal Police's accounting expert, reggarded as the most solid and complete documents on the AP 470/2007 case. The whole process estabilished the forensic accounting within the criminal sphere, seeing how it transformed financial transgression into something tangible. It estabilished the role of the accounting expert as an asset to solve both criminal and legal questions, as well reinforcing the importance of the forensic accounting as a powerfull tool in the battle against corruption.
Esta pesquisa investigou como foi organizado o conjunto probat??rio no ??mbito criminal, o prop??sito e a forma das provas periciais cont??beis juntadas ?? A????o Penal 470, o Caso Mensal??o. ?? uma pesquisa qualitativa e documental. Foi analisada a ??ntegra dos autos da A????o Penal 470 (cerca de 63.000 p??ginas, at?? a emiss??o do Ac??rd??o), com o uso de um protocolo de an??lise, apoiado na Teoria das Provas. O material foi sistematizado por meio de classifica????o e categoriza????o dos dados, o que permitiu identificar as principais fases do processo e pe??as processuais, as caracter??sticas das mat??rias t??cnico-cient??ficas e dos laudos periciais cont??beis. Foram localizadas 215 provas de natureza t??cnica. Dessas, 30 foram mencionadas no Ac??rd??o pelos Ministros do STF, Relator e Revisor, sendo 8 os Laudos periciais cont??beis estudados, produzidos por peritos cont??beis da Pol??cia Federal, por terem sido as provas cont??beis mais robustas da AP 470/2007. Foi constatada a utilidade da per??cia cont??bil no ??mbito criminal, na medida em que trouxe materialidade a crimes de natureza patrimonial financeira. Constatou-se como atuam os peritos oficiais para colaborar na resolu????o de quest??es legais, em atendimento ??s demandas do conjunto de operadores legais do Mensal??o. Busca-se contribuir para consolidar o entendimento sobre a import??ncia da per??cia cont??bil no combate ?? corrup????o.
Books on the topic "Trials (Political corruption)"
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Sheleff, Leon Shaskolsky. Zeriʻat or ʻal "ha-ḥorim ha-sheḥorim": Mishpaṭ Derʻi ʻal pi ha-ʻitonai Danḳner. Universiṭat Ḥefah, ha-Merkaz le-ḥeḳer peshiʻah, mishpat ṿe-ḥevrah, 2000.
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Santosa, Eka. Saya tidak sudi dikorbankan: Nota pembelaan Eka Santosa, Ketua DPRD Jawa Barat 2000-2004, dalam perkara no. 1397/PID.B/2005/PN.BDG. Semenanjung, 2007.
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Fahmī, Fārūq. al- Rashwah al-kubrá: Qaḍīyat al-ṣināʻah. Muʾassasat Āmūn, 1987.
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penale, Italy Tribunale (Milan) V. sezione. La maxitangente Enimont. Kaos, 1997.
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Marco, Travaglio, ed. E continuavano a chiamarlo Impunità: Ma è proprio vero che è stato sempre assolto? : come sono finiti i processi a Berlusconi & C. Editori riuniti, 2007.
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Watkins, Ronald J. High crimes and misdemeanors: The term and trials of former Governor Evan Mecham. Morrow, 1990.
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Ed, Vulliamy, ed. Sleaze: The corruption of Parliament. Fourth Estate, 1997.
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Ismail, Maqdir. Keputusan sesat perkara Antasari Azhar. Verbum Publishing, 2012.
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Pram, Tofik. Antasari Azhar: Saya dikorbankan. Imania, 2014.
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White lies: The true story of Clarence Brandley, presumed guilty in the American South. Chatto & Windus, 1991.
Book chapters on the topic "Trials (Political corruption)"
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Christenson, Ron. "Trials of Corruption and Insanity: The Question of Responsibility." In Political Trials. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315126777-4.
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Shaw, James E. "Public Office and Private Property." In The Justice of Venice. British Academy, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263778.003.0003.
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Removal of the judges' right to discretion, to exercise their arbitrium, meant that they were less likely to convict criminals, instead choosing to let trials lapse altogether. This chapter discusses such findings in terms of the lesser court staff and the concrete practice of justice at the court. It tries to demonstrate the existence of a gulf between the rhetoric and practice of justice, between the high concerns of the political elite, and the actual implementation of power at the bottom level. The early modern state was an agglomeration of public and private interests, and its freedom of action was correspondingly limited. While the government struggled to impose central control over the courts, at the same time it allowed key elements of its institutional structure to fall into private hands. Corruption was a structural problem that would not be eliminated by rare and toothless government investigations.
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Gordon, Joel. ""Lift Up Your Head"." In Nasser's Blessed Movement. American University in Cairo Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774167782.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the Free Officers' political agenda for their revolution. The officers' revolution was supposed to be only temporary, but they ended up overturning the liberal order in an attempt to clear the path for a turnover in party leadership. Their assertion of direct power was a reflection of the need for a bolder, more long-term strategy as far as Egypt's political reform was concerned. The chapter first considers the response of many liberals to the new regime before discussing the Command Council of the Revolution's (CCR) founding of a new political movement called Liberation Rally, designed to encourage national unity under the slogan “Lift up your head, my brother.” It then looks at the CCR's abolition of the monarchy and declaration of Egypt as a republic headed by Muhammad Nagib and Gamal Abdel Nasser. It also analyzes the show trials instigated by the government to prosecute old-regime figures for corruption and abuse of power.
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Knights, Mark. "Corruption and Later Stuart State Trials." In The State Trials and the Politics of Justice in Later Stuart England. Boydell UK, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1zcm36c.9.
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Eltantawi, Sarah. "A Revolution for Shari‘ah." In Shari'ah on Trial. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520293779.003.0001.
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This chapter is an ethnography of Eltantawi’s research in Northern Nigeria conducted in 2010. It describes and analyzes her conversations with key players in Amina Lawal’s trial. These conversations illuminate how central the Islamic identity is in Northern Nigeria, and critically examines what “Islam” actually signifies for Northern Nigerians, highlighting how difficult it is to campaign for any kind of change outside the framework of “Islam.” Other interviews highlight the sense of rampant material and moral corruption in Nigeria. The chapter also introduces the distinction between “idealized” and “political” shari’ah, and shows how the heavy handedness and corruption of the current sharia experiment is labeled “political” in order to preserve the sense of Islam as an ideal.
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Davis, Kevin E. "Imperial Anti-corruption Law." In Between Impunity and Imperialism. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190070809.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the history of transnational bribery law to its antecedents in two landmarks trials from the Roman and British empires: Cicero’s prosecution of Verres and the impeachment of Warren Hastings, former Governor General of India, led by Edmund Burke. Both prosecutors rejected what Burke called geographical morality in favor of the relatively cosmopolitan view that corrupt practices ought to be condemned regardless of where they take place. The trials demonstrate both the potential benefits of this kind of legal initiative and the challenges associated with allowing politically partisan actors to prosecute cases on behalf of foreigners based on complex financial transactions in remote locations in the context of a large organization. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of transnational aspects of British and French anti-corruption law and bribery law in the postcolonial era.
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"8. Corruption, the Trial, and the National Assembly, 1995-1996." In Korean Politics. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501729263-012.
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Dezalay, Sara. "Africa Against Global Justice? Stakes for Building a Political Sociology on the Future of International Criminal Justice." In The President on Trial. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858621.003.0029.
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This chapter challenges current debates in global justice and the fight against impunity. Shifting the lens from the symbolism of global justice towards the structural conditions that have shaped international criminal justice as a field over time can help reposition the Habré success story not simply as an anomaly in a context of wider backlash against the International Criminal Court (ICC), but rather as a reflection of the structure of global justice as a weak field. The chapter then discusses the need to study systematically the evolution of legal markets on the African continent. In this, the project to institute a criminal chamber within the African Court of Justice and Human Rights has perhaps been too promptly dismissed as overly ambitious due to the lack of resources and state support within the African Union (AU). Interestingly, this project includes not only the crimes under the purview of the ICC, but also various other trans-border crimes such as trafficking, corruption, and the illicit exploitation of resources. The prominence taken in recent years by Africa as a new ‘mining frontier’—and with it, as a new haven for US and UK multinational corporate firms—underscores the timeliness of opening research paths on these ongoing transformations across the continent.
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Baxter, Katherine Isobel. "Violence and the Law in A Man of the People." In Imagined States. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474420839.003.0008.
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Chapter Seven focuses on Chinua Achebe’s novel A Man of the People. In particular the chapter examines Achebe’s presentation of political disorder through scenes in which the law is suspended or displaced. The chapter argues that through these scenes Achebe points up the incoherence of the inheritance of colonialism, not least indirect rule, and the inevitability of the imposition of new states of exception as a response to this incoherence. Achebe directs our attention to the various ways in which the law and legal processes are sidestepped, dissipated and conflated in an era of political corruption through scenes of violence that stand in for, but are markedly not, the legal process of the trial. The chapter’s discussion is informed by reference to contemporary political and economic contexts.
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De Blij, Harm. "Promise and Peril in the Provinces." In The Power of Place. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195367706.003.0013.
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If locals in rural frontiers are in the thrall of powerful globals based in a network of world cities, they are not without power themselves. In the global core as well as the periphery, countrysides are the sources and scenes of resistance to decisions and actions taken in capitals and corporate boardrooms. French farmers seeing their privileges endangered by economic reforms demonstrate, and occasionally riot, in the streets of Paris. Often their banners proclaim their causes, but sometimes they show the name of a French region or even the flag of a département, reminding the authorities that they are dealing with an entity that has emotional resonance as well as economic interests. Chinese villagers organize to protest grievances ranging from the summary expropriation of land for factory building by industrialists empowered by the Beijing government, to oppressive rule by bosses whose loyalties are to the Communist Party rather than to the locals they are supposed to serve. They decry a new two-China policy—not involving Beijing and Taipei, but dividing their country into eastern “haves” and western “have-nots.” South Africans in rural KwaZulu-Natal stage rallies in support of their embattled deputy president facing charges in urban courtrooms including rape and corruption, certain that his trials constitute a political assault on the Zulu nation he represents and shouting not only for justice but also for secession. Ours may be an era of globalization and worldly flattening, but we also witness the resurgence of another of humanity’s ancient predispositions: the territorial imperative. The very Internet-enabled dissemination of information driving the breakdown of barriers among globals also spreads ideas about power and autonomy among locals that arouse the kinds of nationalisms and ethnic aspirations economic globalization is supposed to mitigate. On a planet fractured into nearly 200 countries, the European Union (EU) has taken a lead by enmeshing 27 of them in a multinational entity designed to integrate economies and coordinate laws, but the European paradox is that a widespread revival of chauvinism seeks to reverse this unifying, globalizing process. In several areas of Europe, there are provinces, regions, and other entities that press for more self-determination as opposed to international integration.