Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trias terminal

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Trias terminal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trias terminal"

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Kern, Andreas, and Thomas Aigner. "Facies model for the Kieselsandstein (Keuper, Upper Triassic) in SW-Germany: A terminal alluvial plain." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 1997, no. 5 (May 23, 1997): 267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/1997/1997/267.

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Vachard, Daniel, and Marc Roche. "Oxyhexactines de lyssakides(spongiaires hexactinellides) dans des préparations palynologiques du Rhétien (Trias terminal) de l'Est de la France." Geobios 29, no. 2 (January 1996): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(96)80042-8.

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Brătucu, Gabriel, Gheorghiţa Dincă, Marius Sorin Dincă, and Alexandra (Palade) Zamfirache. "Opportunity of Constructing a Cargo Terminal – Case Study Brașov International Airport, Romania." Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences 2017, no. 50E (February 10, 2017): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/tras.2017.0003.

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Ouarhache, D., A. Charriere, F. Chalot-Prat, and M. El-Wartiti. "Sédimentation détritique continentale synchrone d'un volcanisme explosif dans le Trias terminal à infra-Lias du domaine atlasique (Haute Moulouya, Maroc) (Late Triassic to infra-Liassic continental detrital sedimentation synchronous with an explosive volcanic event in the Atlas area [Hgh Moulouya, Morocco])." Journal of African Earth Sciences 31, no. 3-4 (October 2000): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(00)80007-x.

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Tan, Caimao, and Junliang He. "Integrated Yard Space Allocation and Yard Crane Deployment Problem in Resource-Limited Container Terminals." Scientific Programming 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6421943.

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Yard storage space and yard crane equipment are the core resources in the container terminal yard area. This paper studies the integrated yard space allocation (outbound container space) and yard crane deployment problem in resource-limited container terminals where yard space and yard cranes are extremely scarce. Two corresponding counterstrategies are introduced, respectively, and the integrated problem is solved as mixed integer programming. The model this paper formulated considers the container volume fluctuation of the service line, and the objective is a trade-off between yard sharing space and terminal operation cost. In numerical experiments, this paper tries to reveal the management meaning in practical operation of container terminal and provides decision support for terminal managers; therefore a series of scenarios are presented to analyze the relations among the yard sharing space, the number of yard cranes, the size of yard subblock, and the cost of terminal operation.
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Anbazhagan, Krithika, Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur, Kiran K. Sharma, Rekha Baddam, P. B. Kavi Kishor, and Vincent Vadez. "Changes in timing of water uptake and phenology favours yield gain in terminal water stressed chickpea AtDREB1A transgenics." Functional Plant Biology 42, no. 1 (2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14115.

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Terminal drought causes major yield loss in chickpea, so it is imperative to identify genotypes with best suited adaptive traits to secure yield in terminal drought-prone environments. Here, we evaluated chickpea (At) rd29A:: (At) DREB1A transgenic events (RD2, RD7, RD9 and RD10) and their untransformed C235 genotype for growth, water use and yield under terminal water-stress (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. The assessment was made across three lysimetric trials conducted in contained environments in the greenhouse (2009GH and 2010GH) and the field (2010F). Results from the greenhouse trials showed genotypic variation for harvest index (HI), yield, temporal pattern of flowering and seed filling, temporal pattern of water uptake across crop cycle, and transpiration efficiency (TE) under terminal WS conditions. The mechanisms underlying the yield gain in the WS transgenic events under 2009GH trial was related to conserving water for the reproductive stage in RD7, and setting seeds early in RD10. Water conservation also led to a lower percentage of flower and pod abortion in both RD7 and RD10. Similarly, in the 2010GH trial, reduced water extraction during vegetative stage in events RD2, RD7 and RD9 was critical for better seed filling in the pods produced from late flowers in RD2, and reduced percentage of flower and pod abortion in RD2 and RD9. However, in the 2010F trial, the increased seed yield and HI in RD9 compared with C235 came along only with small changes in water uptake and podding pattern, probably not causal. Events RD2 (2010GH), RD7 (2010GH) and RD10 (2009GH) with higher seed yield also had higher TE than C235. The results suggest that DREB1A, a transcription factor involved in the regulation of several genes of abiotic stress response cascade, influenced the pattern of water uptake and flowering across the crop cycle, leading to reduction in the percentage of flower and pod abortion in the glasshouse trials.
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Kramer, J. W., and A. M. Corbett. "Comparison of Ca2+ loading and retention in isolated skeletal muscle triads and terminal cisternae." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 270, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): C1602—C1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.6.c1602.

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Ca2+ loading and retention were examined in isolated skeletal muscle triads and terminal cisternae to determine 1) whether excessive loading altered the response of triads to depolarization-induced Ca2+ release and 2) whether these vesicles were similar in their ability to load and retain Ca2+. A mixture of triads and terminal cisternae was loaded with variable amounts of Ca2+ and then subjected to maximal depolarization. Ca2+ release was monitored by changes in extravesicular fura 2 fluorescence using 340/380-nm excitation and 510-nm emission wavelengths. The amount of Ca2+ released from triads due to maximal depolarization increases with increasing Ca2+ loads until a maximal response is obtained, indicating triad saturation. At pH 7, triadic vesicles preferentially loaded and retained Ca2+ at low Ca2+ loads, but, with increasing loads, nontriadic vesicles began to retain Ca2+. At pH 6.5, which should close all open uncoupled ryanodine receptors, triadic and isolated terminal cisternae vesicles loaded and retained Ca2+ in a similar manner. A population of triads, which have some uncoupled ryanodine receptors, did not retain their loaded Ca2+ at pH 7.0 but did retain Ca2+ at pH 6.5; this resulted in a doubling of the amount of Ca2+ released on maximal depolarization after loading at pH 6.5.
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Yun, Xialun, Xuesong Mei, Gedong Jiang, Zhenbang Hu, and Zunhao Zhang. "Investigation on a No Trial Weight Spray Online Dynamic Balancer." Shock and Vibration 2018 (November 1, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7021215.

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In order to suppress the spindle vibration with high efficiency and high precision, a no without trial weight spray online balance method is proposed in this paper. By analyzing the relationship between the unbalanced excitation and the unbalanced response of the spindle, the relationship between the dynamic influence coefficient and the system model is studied. A high-speed spindle finite element analysis model was established, and the dynamic influence coefficient matrix was identified. A no trial weight spray online dynamic balancing system was developed, which has the advantages of without trial weight and high-precision loading. A new type of integrated balancing terminal that was formed using 3D printing technology was first proposed by our research group, and its advantages in various aspects are significantly higher than traditional assembly balanced terminals. The experimental verification of the without trial weight spray online dynamic balancing system was performed on a high-speed spindle test stand. Experiments show that the no trial weight spray online balancing method proposed in this paper can achieve high-efficiency and high-precision vibration suppression, greatly reducing balance time and cost of the spindle. At the same time, the online balance test also verified the reliability of the integrated balanced terminal.
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Hlubocky, Fay J., Nancy E. Kass, Debra Roter, Susan Larson, Kristen E. Wroblewski, Jeremy Sugarman, and Christopher K. Daugherty. "Investigator Disclosure and Advanced Cancer Patient Understanding of Informed Consent and Prognosis in Phase I Clinical Trials." Journal of Oncology Practice 14, no. 6 (June 2018): e357-e367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.18.00028.

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Purpose: Advanced cancer patients (ACPs) who participate in phase I clinical trials often report a less-than-ideal understanding of the required elements of informed consent (IC) and unrealistic expectations for anticancer benefit and prognosis. We examined phase I clinical trial enrollment discussions and their associations with subsequent ACP understanding. Methods: Clinical encounters about enrollment in phase I trials between 101 ACPs and 29 oncologists (principal investigators [PIs] and fellows) at three US academic medical institutions were recorded. The Roter Interaction Analysis System was used for analysis. ACPs completed follow-up questionnaires to assess IC recall. Results: PIs disclosed the following phase I IC elements to ACPs in encounters: trial purpose in 40%; specific physical risks in 60%; potential specific medical benefits gained by trial participation (eg, disease stabilization) in 48.2%; and alternatives to phase I trial participation in 47.1%, with 1.1% of encounters containing palliative and 2.3% hospice information. PIs provided ACP-specific prognoses in 29.0% of encounters but used precise terms of death in only 4.7% and terminal in 1.2%. A significant association existed between PI disclosure of the trial purpose as dosage/toxicity, and ACPs subsequently correctly recalled trial purpose versus PIs who did not disclose it (85% v 13%; P < .05). Conclusion: Many oncologists provide incomplete disclosures about phase I trials to ACPs. When disclosure of certain elements of IC occurs, it seems to be associated with better recall, especially with regard to the research purpose of phase I trials.
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Cranshaw, Whitney, and Dayna Cooper. "Striped Pine Scale Control, Golden, Co, 1992." Arthropod Management Tests 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/20.1.317.

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Abstract Trials were conducted at a golf course in Golden, CO on Scotch pine heavily infested with striped pine scale. Applications were made 17 Jun to point of run-off on individual infested terminal branches. Plot design was a RCB with 4 replications. At the time of treatment most nymphs had recently settled on the needles; few crawlers were present. Plots were evaluated by counting the number of dead and living nymphs on 10 needle bundles collected from terminals 5 Aug. Plots of SunSpray and Volck were retreated 5 Aug. Samples (10 needle bundles/plot) were again taken from all plots 10 Sep.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trias terminal"

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GOGGIN, VALERIE. "Stratigraphie sequentielle et quantification tridimensionnelle du remplissage triasique du bassin de paris : application aux reservoirs du trias terminal." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112181.

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La succession triasique du bassin de paris est dominee par les facies continentaux a margino-littoraux. Deux cycles transgressifs/regressifs de second ordre, constitues eux-memes de dix sequences de depot de troisieme ordre, forment le cadre sequentiel de cette succession. Cycles et sequences de depot sont emboites eux-memes au sein d'un cycle transgressif/regressif de plus longue duree (premier ordre). Le calage de plus de 250 diagraphies de puits a des lignes sismiques regionales, aux affleurements de l'est du bassin de paris, ainsi qu'a des sections carottees, permettent de definir precisement la hierarchie et la geometrie des cycles sedimentaires et des sequences de depot. La cartographie des sequences de depot permet de visualiser l'evolution du remplissage du bassin en fonction du temps. Le cycle de second-ordre inferieure (scythien superieur-ladinien) est toujours sous dependance germanique. Par contre le cycle de second-ordre superieur, d'age ladinien superieur-norien, enregistre la naissance du futur bassin de paris. L'integration de la contrainte temps aux cartes isochores et isobathymetriques grace a l'outil d'analyse (subtec) mis au point par l'institut francais du petrole, a permis de quantifier les variations de l'espace disponible. La signature stratigraphique des sequences de depot est aussi etroitement dependante de leur position au sein de chaque cycle de second ordre. Cette approche a ete approfondie au niveau des sequences fortement progradantes du norien qui renferment les reservoirs sableux les plus petroliferes du bassin. De telles observations confirment les predictions etablies a partir de l'etude de la cyclicite des depots de second ordre. Le caractere predictif des cycles de second-ordre etant different de celui des cycles de troisieme ordre, il est essentiel de bien les comprendre et de savoir des discriminer en utilisant les outils d'exploration adequats vis a vis de l'echelle d'observation
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Clemence, Marie-Emilie. "Analyse paléoécologique de la crise du Trias-Jurassique : approche synécologique des nannofossiles calcaires et des foraminifères benthiques." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066151.

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L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser la dynamique de la pompe biologique dans une situation paroxysmale, celle d’une grande crise biologique: la crise du Trias-Jurassique (Tr-J). Pour tracer cette dynamique, une approche synécologique entre les nannofossiles calcaires, traceurs de la productivité carbonatée et de surface, et les foraminifères benthiques, traceurs de la production d’exportation a été conduite en synergie avec des analyses géochimiques sur des coupes autrichiennes et anglaises. Cette approche a permis de caractériser la bio-productivité et de la mettre en relation avec les perturbations majeures de la limite Tr-J. En considérant certains paramètres environnementaux tels que les variations du niveau marin relatif, ou encore les variations des teneurs en oxygène qui peuvent induire un biais du signal biologique et géochimique, cette approche paléoécologique constitue une méthode adaptée pour comprendre les changements paléoécologiques à travers cette limite.
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Moody, Leslie Shane. "Towards the Design and Syntheses of Novel Triads Comprising Single Robson-Type Macrocyclic Dicopper(II) Cores Flanked by Two Terminal Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2010.

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Progress toward the syntheses of new tetranuclear bimetallic complexes of copper(II) and ruthenium(II) was realized. The designed triads comprise a central binuclear copper(II) complex with a tetraiminodiphenolate macrocyclic Robson-type compartmental ligand. In the envisioned complexes, the macrocyclic core is further functionalized by attachment of two polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes. A novel dibrominated dicopper(II) Robson complex was formed by the 2:2:2 condensation reaction of 4-bromo-2,6-diformylphenol and 1,3- diaminopropane with cupric chloride. Similarly, a new dibrominated dizinc(II) was synthesized from zinc tetrafluoroborate and the same diamine and dialdehyde. The new dicopper(II) complex did not heterocouple with borylated substrates under explored Suzuki reaction conditions. 5-Bromo-2-(methoxymethoxy)benzene-1,3-dicarboxaldehyde successfully heterocoupled with 4-tert-butylphenylboronic acid under Suzuki conditions. 4'-(4-Neopentylglycolatoboronphenyl)-2,2':6',2-terpyridine also coupled with 5-bromo-2-(methoxymethoxy)benzene-1,3-dicarboxaldehyde to give, after deprotection, 2,6-diformyl-4-(4-[2,2':6',2"-terpyridin]-4'-ylphenyl)phenol. This new dialdehyde, a precursor to the title complexes, was treated with (4'-(4-methylphenyl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine)RuCl3 under reducing conditions; however, the desired [(4'-(4-methylphenyl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine)Ru(4'-(3,5-diformyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine)]2+ was neither isolated from nor detected in the reaction mixture.
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Rustand, Denis. "Modèles conjoints pour un biomarqueur semi-continu et un événement terminal avec application aux essais cliniques en cancérologie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0252.

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Evaluer l’efficacité des traitements dans les essais cliniques en oncologie soulève de multiples problèmes méthodologiques qui doivent être correctement traités afin de produire une estimation fiable des effets du traitement. Le but de ce projet de recherche est de proposer une nouvelle stratégie de modélisation dans le cadre de la modélisation conjointe pour étudier simultanément l’évolution de la taille tumorale (biomarqueur) et le risque de décès (évènement terminal). Un excès de zéros caractérise la distribution des mesures de taille tumorale, correspondant à des patients ayant une réponse au traitement qui se traduit par la disparition des tumeurs. Le modèle two-part a été proposé avec l’idée de décomposer la distribution du biomarqueur en une partie binaire (zéros vs. valeurs positives) et une partie continue, les deux étant généralement modélisés avec des modèles de régression à effets mixtes. Nous avons développé un modèle conjoint two-part pour lequel la partie binaire donne l’effet de covariables sur la probabilité de valeur nulle du biomarqueur tandis que la partie continue donne l’effet de covariables soit sur la valeur du biomarqueur parmi les positifs (forme conditionnelle) ou la valeur marginale du biomarqueur (forme marginale), tous deux répondant à différentes questions cliniques d’intérêt. Nous avons établi à l’aide de simulations que ce modèle fournit des estimations de paramètres non biaisées et nous l’avons comparé avec des approches alternatives telles qu’ignorer l’excès de zéro en ne décomposant pas la distribution du biomarqueur ou considérer les zéros comme des valeurs censurées (i.e., trop petites pour être mesurées). Nous montrons comment l’approche two-part est plus appropriée en présence de vrais zéros (i.e., non censurés). Ce nouveau modèle permet d’utiliser à la fois les mesures répétées de taille tumorale et les temps de survie pour comparer plusieurs lignes de traitement, ce qui pourrait impacter les décisions cliniques finales. Nous avons illustré ces développements sur la base de données réelles issues d’essais cliniques randomisés en cancérologie. Enfin, nous avons étendu l’estimation fréquentiste que nous avons implémentée dans le package R frailtypack à un cadre Bayésien avec le package R INLA afin de réduire le temps de calcul et résoudre les problèmes de convergence observés pour des structures de corrélation plus complexes. Les logiciels et codes pour l’estimation fréquentiste et Bayésienne de ce nouveau modèle sont publiquement disponibles pour s’assurer que ces outils sont facilement diffusés aux épidémiologistes, aux statisticiens ou chercheurs en sciences biomédicales. Les distributions semi-continues sont courantes dans la recherche biomédicale, par exemple lorsque l’on quantifie une exposition ou mesure les symptômes d’une maladie, notamment en génomique (microbiome, épigénétique), de sorte que le modèle proposé pourrait ouvrir un large spectre d’applications au-delà de la recherche relative au cancer
Assessing the effectiveness of cancer treatments in clinical trials raises multiple methodological problems that need to be properly addressed in order to produce a reliable estimate of treatment effects. The purpose of this research project is to propose a new modeling strategy within the joint modeling framework to study simultaneously the evolution of tumor size (biomarker) and the risk of death (terminal event). An excess of zero values characterize the distribution of the tumor size measurements, corresponding to patients responding well to a treatment that observe a complete shrinkage of their tumors. The two-part model has been proposed with the idea to decompose the distribution of the biomarker into a binary outcome (zero values vs. positive values) and a continuous outcome, both outcomes usually being modeled with mixed effects regression models. We developed a two-part joint model for which the binary part captures the effect of covariates on the probability of zero value of the biomarker while the continuous part gives the effect of covariates either on the expected value of the biomarker among positives (conditional form) or the marginal expected value of the biomarker (marginal form), both answering different clinical questions of interest. We established it provides unbiased parameter estimations by simulations and compared this new model with alternative approaches such as ignoring the zero excess by not decomposing the biomarker’s distribution or considering zeros as censored values (i.e., too small to be measured). We show how the two-part approach is more appropriate in presence of true zeros (i.e., not censored). This new model allows to use both the tumor size repeated measurements and the survival times to compare several treatment lines, which could impact the final clinical decisions. We illustrated these developments on the basis of real data from randomized cancer clinical trials. Finally, we extended the frequentist estimation that we implemented into the R package frailtypack to a Bayesian framework within the R package INLA in order to reduce the computation time and solve convergence issues when dealing with more complex correlation structures. The software and code for both the frequentist and Bayesian estimations of this new model are freely available to ensure that these tools are easily disseminated to epidemiologists, statisticians or biomedical researchers. Semicontinuous distributions are common in biomedical research, e.g., when quantifying exposure or measuring symptoms of a disease, in genomics (microbiome, epigenetics), so that the proposed work could lead to a wide spectrum of applications beyond cancer research
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Huang, Shao-Hsuan, and 黃紹軒. "The Study of re-timetabling bus terminal trips based on dynamic bus system data and bus smart card data." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vh5969.

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碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
105
Bus services are the main public transportation services for the majority of people. The timetable of bus departing from the terminal station and the extent of intensiveness trips assigned may prominently affect passengers’ intention of using bus services. If the quantity of bus trips departing from the terminal are less than passengers’ need in the high bus services demand period, the un-satisfaction and inconvenience of passengers will arise. On the contrary, if the amount of bus trips departing from the terminal are more than passenger’s need in the low bus services demand period, the operating efficiency of the bus company will decline. However, earlier studies merely utilize demand distribution as hypothesis to estimate bus services demand rather than sophisticated demand data and, moreover, process heuristic algorithms to solve the timetabling problems, which not always acquire the optimized solution. Hence, to improve these problems, this study establishes a non-linear programming model and solve it with Cplex OPL software based on dynamic bus system data and smartcard data. These data give the information regard the ratio of passengers to the maximum capacity in a bus and the ratio of headway to entire operating time. This study use the data of 55 route in May 30 from Fengyuan Bus Transportation Company to verify the availability of the model. The results show the model is concrete and feasible and indeed enhance the terminal departing timetable problems.
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"Towards the Design and Syntheses of Novel Triads Comprising Single Robson-Type Macrocyclic Dicopper(II) Cores Flanked by Two Terminal Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes." East Tennessee State University, 2008. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1110108-021053/.

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Conforto, P., C. Tocci, V. Schena, l. Secondiani, N. Bielari-Melazzi, Pauline M. L. Chan, and Priscolli F. Delli. "End-to-End QoS and Global Mobility Management in an Integrated Satellite/Terrestrial Network." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3757.

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No
For decades, the development of the Internet was driven by the purpose of providing applications to non-mobile users. No specific Quality of Service (QoS) requirement is necessary, other than ensuring reliability in the end-to-end data transfers. As such, best effort service model was deemed more than appropriate to satisfy the users' needs. Nevertheless, the scenario has changed in the last few years. A new population of nomadic users, who requires access to Internet services regardless of their location and mode of transportation is growing, while new typologies of Internet applications are being continuously developed, in which best effort service level may no longer be adequate. The SUITED project has been devised to address the emerging issues generated by this new and challenging scenario. SUITED aims at contributing towards the design and deployment of the Global Mobile Broadband System (GMBS), a unique satellite/terrestrial infrastructure, which will ensure that nomadic users have access to Internet services with a negotiated QoS. An overview of the main results achieved in the SUITED project is provided in this article. Some of the most innovative solutions developed by the SUITED team for the joint management of global mobility and end-to-end QoS support are presented. The SUITED demonstrator platform, which was developed to validate the system specifications, is also described. Finally, the results of the experimental measurement campaigns carried out with this platform are reported.
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Books on the topic "Trias terminal"

1

Satsujinzai ni towareta ishi: Kawasaki Kyōdō Byōin jiken : shūmatsuki iryō to keiji sekinin. Tōkyō: Gendai Jinbunsha, 2008.

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Satsujinzai ni towareta ishi: Kawasaki Kyōdō Byōin jiken : shūmatsuki iryō to keiji sekinin. Tōkyō: Gendai Jinbunsha, 2008.

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Bader, Donna. California motions to terminate civil cases. 2nd ed. [St. Paul, Minn.]: Thomson/West, 2007.

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Bader, Donna. Making & opposing motions to terminate civil cases before trial. Tustin, CA (P.O. Box 3509, Tustin 92781-3509): Litigation One Pub., 2002.

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David, Kessler. Visions, trips, and crowded rooms: Who and what you see before you die. Carlsbad, Calif: Hay House, 2010.

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Boccagna, Salvatore. Diritto di morire, decisioni senza legge, leggi sulla decisione: Profili giuridici del caso Englaro. Roma: Dike giuridica, 2014.

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David, Kessler. Visions, trips, and crowded rooms: Who and what you see before you die. Carlsbad, Calif: Hay House, 2010.

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Visions, trips, and crowded rooms: Who and what you see before you die. Carlsbad, Calif: Hay House, 2010.

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Il caso Eluana: Cronaca di una morte annunciata. Roma: Armando, 2010.

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King, Stephen. Night Shift. New York, USA: New American Library, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trias terminal"

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Hironaka, Eisuke, and Tamotsu Murakami. "Game Design Methodology Considering User Experience in Comprehensive Contexts (Trial on Inducing Player to Terminate Game Contentedly by Motivation Control)." In Advances in Human Factors in Wearable Technologies and Game Design, 390–402. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94619-1_39.

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Cikes, Maja, and Scott D. Solomon. "HFpEF treatment: pharmacological therapy." In ESC CardioMed, 1897–902. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0435.

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a diverse syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of heart failure with relatively preserved ejection fraction. Despite the established efficacy of numerous classes of drugs and devices in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, no specific therapy has yet proven to reduce morbidity and mortality in HFpEF. Currently, treatment of HFpEF remains empiric, and includes diuretic therapy for decongestion, treatment of hypertension, diagnosis and treatment of ischaemia, rate control for atrial fibrillation, and treatment of co-morbidities. While outcomes trials in HFpEF have tested renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors, and none have met their primary endpoint, there is some evidence that in appropriate patients, the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone may be helpful to reduce heart failure hospitalizations. Several other medications have been tested in phase II trials. Sildenafil, isosorbide mononitrate, and the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator vericiguat did not show benefit in phase II trials. In contrast, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with a significant decrease in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide values and improvement in left atrial size in a phase II trial. A large phase III trial to confirm these findings is under way.
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Cikes, Maja, and Scott D. Solomon. "Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction." In ESC CardioMed, 1897–902. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0435_update_001.

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a diverse syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of heart failure with relatively preserved ejection fraction. Despite the established efficacy of numerous classes of drugs and devices in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, no specific therapy has yet proven to reduce morbidity and mortality in HFpEF. Currently, treatment of HFpEF remains empiric, and includes diuretic therapy for decongestion, treatment of hypertension, diagnosis and treatment of ischaemia, rate control for atrial fibrillation, and treatment of co-morbidities. While outcomes trials in HFpEF have tested renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors, and none have met their primary endpoint, there is some evidence that in appropriate patients, the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone may be helpful to reduce heart failure hospitalizations. Several other medications have been tested in phase II trials. Sildenafil, isosorbide mononitrate, and the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator vericiguat did not show benefit in phase II trials. In contrast, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with a significant decrease in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide values and improvement in left atrial size in a phase II trial. A large phase III trial to confirm these findings is under way.
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Melo Salazar, Antonio. "José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz. Una lucha que trasciende épocas." In Tolimenses que dejan huella. Volumen 6, 13–33. Ediciones Unibagué, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35707/tol/601.

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Crónica periodística de José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz, publicada en el VI volumen de Tolimenses que dejan huella. Militar tolimense nacido el 9 de octubre de 1800 en Chaparral (Tolima). Tras enlistarse en el Ejército Libertador participó en la primera línea de toda la gesta con la que las fuerzas de la Gran Colombia y Perú, al mando de Bolívar, Santander y Sucre, procedieron a terminar con los rezagos del imperio español en América del Sur. En 1852 fue nombrado jefe de la Segunda División del Ejército y comandante general en el departamento de Cundinamarca y funda el periódico El Orden. Al final del camino llegó a México a engrosar las fuerzas de Benito Juárez, quien le otorgó el beneplácito por cuenta de los destacados antecedentes del general colombiano. A los 60 años terminó la vida del legendario guerrero que luchó sin pausa por la independencia de las naciones hispanoamericanas y fue un decidido defensor de los intereses populares de un continente en formación.
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Larson, Carlton F. W. "The Winding Path to the Courthouse, 1778." In The Trials of Allegiance, 91–121. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190932749.003.0006.

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This chapter begins by summarizing the cases of misprision of treason heard in the county courts. The state government began a controversial attainder policy, a process that led to extensive property confiscations. The court of oyer and terminer, consisting of the three Pennsylvania Supreme Court justices, finally opened. Through grand-jury charges, the justices explained their understanding of treason law. Following the British evacuation of Philadelphia in June 1778, the state government sorted through charges of disloyalty against hundreds of individuals, eventually winnowing them down for trial that fall. The trial of Joseph Malin in Chester County in September 1778 was the first treason case heard by a Pennsylvania court during the Revolution. The defendant was represented by high-quality defense counsel, the court issued moderate rulings, and the jury acquitted the defendant, patterns that would recur in future cases.
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Yennurajalingam, Sriram. "Research in Terminally Ill Patients." In Hospice and Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care Flashcards. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190633066.003.0039.

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It is important to conduct quality palliative care research so as to improve care in this distressed population. However, research in palliative care is challenging due to the high symptom burden and issues related to it, including poor accrual, and higher dropout rates compared to those of patients with chronic disease states. Additionally, patients receiving palliative care are considered a vulnerable population due to the presence of severe symptom distress and limited treatment options available. It is therefore important to address all ethical issues related to participation in a clinical trial. This chapter reviews key concepts with regard to research in terminally ill patients.
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Moyer, Paul B. "“According to God’s Law”." In Detestable and Wicked Arts, 171–98. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501751059.003.0008.

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This chapter explains why some witch suspects went free while others went to the gallows, by dissecting the terminal phase of many witchcraft cases. It reviews the judicial process that transformed informal suspicions against the accused into formal, criminal prosecutions. It also mentions Elizabeth Seager, who was set free after being acquitted of occult crimes three times. The chapter elaborates how Seager's experience is considered a reminder that court proceedings were a critical component of witch-hunting. It reviews Seager's odyssey through the legal system that involved the arrest warrants, indictments, and trials familiar to any criminal prosecution and notes it as one of the longest and most complex judicial process among most witch suspects.
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Osborne, Thomas J. "Ebb Tide." In Coastal Sage. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520283084.003.0006.

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Having waged many battles on behalf of California’s coast and survived firing attempts, Douglas finally faced a foe that could not be outfought: terminal throat and lung cancer. Impending death edged him toward retirement and launched Douglas into his deepest metaphysical musings and on road trips to visit again the people and places that had meant the most to him. He reflected on the Earth, the cosmos, and nature; citizen activism to save the coast; property rights versus community rights; purposeful living and public service; and death. He confronted his last months with the same fearlessness that had characterized nearly his entire Coastal Commission career. For some time before his 2012 death the warrior-administrator had evolved into the coastal sage.
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B. S., Sindhu. "Mindfulness-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy." In Handbook of Research on Clinical Applications of Meditation and Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Mental Health, 68–88. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8682-2.ch005.

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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one of the latest mindfulness-based behavior therapies shown to have compelling evidence and efficacy with a wide range of clinical conditions. ACT is so hard to categorize that it is often described as an amalgamation of existential, humanistic, cognitive-behavioural therapy. ACT is often referred as process-based CBT and is one of the ‘third-wave' of behavioural therapies. It is currently the fastest growing evidence-based therapy in the world, with currently at least 304 Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) being recorded all over the world. It has proven effective in different cultural contexts with a diverse set of clinical conditions, from depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, chronic pain, grief, loss and terminal illness, anxiety, and workplace stress.
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Richards, Mark. "Estimating prognosis: biomarkers." In ESC CardioMed, 1791–97. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0412.

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Risk stratification informs the management of heart failure (HF). A range of clinical variables are associated with outcome in HF and have been incorporated into risk calculators which perform adequately at a population level, especially for those with more severe or recently decompensated HF. Their performance in predicting individual patient outcomes among the ambulant community-based populations with chronic HF is less assured. Risk score performance is enhanced by incorporation of selected circulating biomarkers. The cardiac natriuretic peptides, particularly B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP), are independently predictive of mortality in both acute and chronic HF. Risk at a given level of BNP is similar regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction. The prognostic performance of NT-proBNP and BNP enriches therapeutic trials for clinical events. Trials of marker-guided therapy in HF consistently indicate that lowering plasma NT-proBNP (preferably to <1000 pg/mL) is associated with improved outcomes. The cardiac natriuretic peptides may be combined with other markers including mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, ST2, growth/differentiation factor 15, and cardiac troponin to refine risk stratification. There is a need for an improved, independently validated, risk score calculator derived from a large well-annotated HF population incorporating both key clinical predictors and one or more circulating biomarkers.
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Conference papers on the topic "Trias terminal"

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Monfort Mulinas, Arturo, and José Aguilar Herrando. "Propuesta de caracterización del nivel de servicio por línea de atraque en contratos de concesión de terminales portuarias de contenedores." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3504.

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Un elemento básico en la competitividad de los países y regiones es la componente logística (coste/tiempo) que se produce en los nodos y modos que conforman las correspondientes cadenas de suministro. Las terminales portuarias son nodos estratégicos en las cadenas logístico-portuarias. Con carácter universal la política de transportes ha apostado por el modelo de gobernanza portuaria landlord que se materializa en inversiones y explotación portuaria a través de asociaciones público-privadas, habitualmente bajo el instrumento de un contrato de concesión. En los contratos de concesión se recogen los derechos y obligaciones de las partes, a lo largo del plazo concesional que es dilatado, al objeto de que el operador privado pueda recuperar su inversión. De lo contemplado en el mismo resultará el nivel de servicio de la terminal en los subsistemas de línea de atraque (carga/descarga de buques), almacenamiento y recepción/entrega al transporte terrestre. Es imprescindible que los indicadores que se contemplen sean capaces de caracterizar de hecho los niveles de servicio ofertados. El nivel de servicio del subsistema de carga/descarga de buques o de línea de atraque debe incorporar por un lado la calidad de servicio ofertada en términos de esperas en relación con los tiempos de atraque; y por otro, la productividad en el atraque. Éste resultará del dimensionamiento de la terminal en longitud de línea de atraque y grúas de muelle para dar respuesta a la demanda de tráfico por vía marítima. En la ponencia se propone la caracterización del nivel de servicio por línea de atraque para su inclusión tras la oportuna particularización en los contratos de concesión de terminales portuaria de contenedores.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3504
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Debbaut, Charlotte, Jan Vierendeels, Denis Van Loo, Christophe Casteleyn, Pieter Cornillie, Luc Van Hoorebeke, Diethard Monbaliu, and Patrick Segers. "Modeling the Human Hepatic Terminal Microcirculation Using 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80242.

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The perfusion of the liver is complex, especially at the microcirculatory level. The functional units of the liver are often schematized as hexagonal lobules (Fig. 1a), which receive blood from the peripheral portal triads (PT; including hepatic arterioles and portal venules). A part of the PT blood drains into the vascular septa (VS), which are the vascular beds delineating the lobule boundaries in between successive portal triads. Subsequently, the blood enters the interconnected network of tortuous sinusoids, where the metabolic exchange with neighboring hepatocytes takes place. Afterwards, blood drains radially into the central vein. Despite this well-known conceptual model, liver microcirculation is still not fully understood. Previously, the liver microhemodynamics have been modeled using simplified (2D) geometries and/or a porous media approach with an isotropic permeability. However, the validity of these assumptions has never been assessed. Therefore, the aim of this study was threefold. First, the (an)isotropic permeability behavior of an image-based 3D sinusoidal network was quantified using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Secondly, the resulting permeability tensor was applied to build a 3D CFD porous medium model of a liver lobule. Thirdly, the role of VS in hepatic microperfusion was investigated by comparing a porous lobule model with and without VS.
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Beneckv, M. J., C. G. Kolvenbach, D. L. Amrani, and M. W. Mosesson. "EVIDENCE THAT THE C-TERMINAL HEPARIN BINDING DOMAIN ("HEP II") DOMINATES HEPARIN-FIBRONECTIN INTERACTIONS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643631.

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The interaction of glycosaminoglycans with plasma fibronectin (PFn) may play a role in the conversion of PFn from an “inert” dimeric circulating form to an “activated” multimeric form deposited on the cell surface or in the extracellular matrix. We carried out a quantitative comparison of heparin affinity for PFn and its proteolytic fragments in order to assess the relative importance of heparin interactions with PFn’s various reported heparin-binding domains. We employed affinity chromatography on PFn-sepharose to prepare a subset of fluorescein-labelled heparin molecules with high affinity for PFn, and confirmed that heparin binding to PFn is very sensitive to ionic strength. This suggests that the PFn-sepharose column selectively binds a fraction of highly sulfated heparin molecules. We quantified PFn-heparin affinity in the fluid-phase by monitoring a fluorescence polarization change that occurred as a consequence of the decrease in the rotational diffusion rate of fluorescently-labelled heparin molecules (13.8 kD) as they became “immobilized” by binding to PFn. Scatchard analysis of the heparin fluorescence polarization data obtained for PFn in Tris-buffered saline yielded a biphasic curve with Kd’s estimated at 5 and 130 nM, respectively A 190 kD thrombin fragment, containing the C-terminal "Hep II" domain but lacking the 29 kD N-terminal “Hep I” domain, yielded a linear plot displaying a single class of heparin-binding sites with a Kd of 130 nM Similar results were obtained for the C-terminal 150 kD Fn fragment which also contained the “Hep II” domain. In contrast, the 29 kD N-terminal “Hep I” Fn fragment bound heparin weakly (Kd =25 μM). The nature of the “high affinity (Kd= 5 nM) heparin binding component is uncertain; it may reflect heparin interaction with soluble multimers present in our PFn preparations Our observations suggest that the Kd=130 nM heparin binding component corresponds to heparin interaction with the C-terminal “Hep II” domain We conclude that the N-terminal “Hep I” domain does not participate significantly in heparin binding to soluble dimeric Fn under physiological conditions, whereas the C-terminal “Hep II” domain dominates such interactions
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dos Santos, Carlos Renato Borges, Matheus Henrique Vieira Silva, and Ana Flávia Peixoto de Camargos. "CONVERSOR CA-CA DE BAIXO CUSTO, UTILIZANDO ARDUINO E OPTOACOPLADORES PARA A DETECÇÃO DE ZERO." In XVII CEEL – Conferência de Estudos em Engenharia Elétrica. Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/2596-2221.xviiceel.2019.328.

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Este trabalho visa detalhar o desenvolvimento de um controlador CA-CA, de fácil construção e de baixo custo, para aplicações didáticas em Eletrônica de Potência. Para o controle do ângulo de disparo do TRIAC, foi utilizado um Arduino Uno. O circuito detector de zero foi construído com optoacopladores 4N25, o que permitiu a simplificação do hardware, sem a necessidade de fontes, a não ser a própria alimentação disponível pelos terminais do Arduino.
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Ashayeri, Cyrus, and Donald L. Paul. "A Stochastic Method in Investigating Basin-Wide Underlying Distribution Functions of Decline Rate Behavior for Unconventional Resources." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200879-ms.

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Abstract Basin-wide heterogeneity of production in unconventional resources creates additional risk in field development planning. In the past few years, several data-driven models have been developed to increase the accuracy in predicting the recovery from shale gas and tight oil wells. However, many of the machine learning methods with so called "black box" approach provide deterministic results. Therefore, understanding the uncertainty associated with different development scenarios would be difficult to obtain. We have investigated the underlying statistical distribution functions that govern the production rates and decline behavior of unconventional wells. Identification and quantification of these distribution functions provide a strong tool to accurately forecast the cumulative production of a large group of wells in an unconventional basin. By understanding the relationship among geologic characteristics of different sections of the asset, and the impact of varying drilling and completion parameters, capital allocation can be done in a more efficient manner. In this paper, we have identified the statistical distribution parameters of decline behavior is a Power Law model. In doing so, we have used unsupervised clustering techniques to find an optimal number of clusters that enable observing well behaved and identifiable underlying distribution functions. Furthermore, we quantified different types of distribution functions in a trial and error workflow to provide a tool for accurately evaluating the impact of varying geologic parameters on the decline behavior of these wells. Our results show that the leading term (or leading coefficient), which also highly correlates with long term cumulative recovery, demonstrates Gamma distribution, while the power degree (or power coefficient) demonstrate Normal distribution. Peak production rate (maximum average daily rate), terminal rate (rate after switch point), and the time of terminal rate occurrence, all demonstrate Log Normal distribution.
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Herndon, Albert, Michael Cramer, Tommy Nicholson, Sam Miller, and Laura Rodriguez. "Analysis of Advanced Flight Management Systems (FMSS), Flight Management Computer (FMC) Field Observations Trials: Standard Terminal Arrival / Optimized Profile Descent." In 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2013.6712603.

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Erceg, Sandro, Sören Ehlers, Ingrid H. Ellingsen, Dag Slagstad, Rüdiger von Bock und Polach, and Stein Ove Erikstad. "Ship Performance Assessment for Arctic Transport Routes." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10733.

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The melting ice cap in the Arctic Sea creates greater operational opportunities not only for shipping routes in areas inaccessible in the past due to ice coverage, but also for the existing commercial shipping routes. Therefore, the economic feasibility of higher polar classes (PC5 and PC4) will be discussed for transit operations on the route from Rotterdam to Yamal LNG terminal. Initially, the ice thickness and coverage along the route until 2050 will be identified following recent forecasting trends. This will lead to the permitted round trips per year for the ice class in question. Consequently, a decision towards the choice of ice class must be made. This choice will be accomplished with the help of the ship merit factor (SMF), which considers the potential earnings arising from the increase in operational days for a higher ice class while accounting for the increased expenditure in the ice free season and areas of operation. As a result, a comparative study will be presented for the LNG sea transport operation on the route from Rotterdam to Yamal, which thereby visualizes a decision-support procedure for an arctic transit operation.
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Takahashi, Y., M. Kalafatis, J. P. Girma, and D. Meyer. "ABNORMALITY OF THE N-TERMINAL PORTION OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR (FRAGMENT Sp III ) IN TYPE IIA AND IIC VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644645.

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A new analytical method was established, allowing the characterization of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) degradation fragments from minute amounts of plasma without the need for immunopurification of vWF. Ten ul of citrated plasma in 20 ul of 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.8, 0.1 M NaCl, 10 mM EDTA buffer were treated with S. aureus V-8 protease for 15 min to 3 h at 22°C. Following addition of 1 mM DFP, the cleaved fragments were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide or SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis and identified by 125 I-labeled polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to vWF andautoradiography. Quantification of each fragmentwas estimated by counting radioactivity in slices of the dry gel. In normal plasma, S. aureus V-8 protease produced two dimeric fragments of vWF, with identical electrophoretic and antigeniccharacteristics to those produced from highly purified vWF, ie a C-terminal fragment of 220 kd (Spll) and a series of N-terminal fragments (Spill) with a major species of Mr 320 kd (SpIIIa) and two minor ones of 265 kd (SpIIIb) and 215 kd (SpIIIc). The method was applied to further characterize the molecular abnormalities of vWF in 15 patient plasmas with variant (type II) von Willebrand disease (vWD). In all cases with type IIA, IIB, IIC and IID tested, fragment Spll had the same mobility as in normal plasma. In 7 patients with type IIA, the amount and distribution ofthe three Spill species were clearly abnormal, with a marked decrease or absence of SpIIIa and an increase of SpIIIb and SpIIIc. Results slightly varied between patients but were consistent within one family. In 4 patients with type IIC, the band SpIIIb was lacking. In 2 patients with type IIB and 2 patients with type IID, there was no significant modification of Spill. In all cases the pattern of Spill was similar whether using polyclonal antibodies to vWF or MAbs to Spill.The pattern of normal or abnormal Spill remainedthe same in fresh or frozen plasma and was not modified by the presence of 5 mM EDTA at the timeof blood collection. Furthermore, the abnormaldistribution of Spill in type IIA or IIC vWD wasalready present after the shortest digestion time(15 min) indicating that the fragment Spill was produced from an abnormal vWF during the primary digestion with S. aureus V-8 protease. In conclusion, the molecular abnormality of vWF in type IIA and IIC vWD appears to reside in Spill, the N-terminal portion of the subunit (residues 1 to 1,365).
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Horák, Karel, Branislav Bošanský, and Krishnendu Chatterjee. "Goal-HSVI: Heuristic Search Value Iteration for Goal POMDPs." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/662.

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Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are the standard models for planning under uncertainty with both finite and infinite horizon. Besides the well-known discounted-sum objective, indefinite-horizon objective (aka Goal-POMDPs) is another classical objective for POMDPs. In this case, given a set of target states and a positive cost for each transition, the optimization objective is to minimize the expected total cost until a target state is reached. In the literature, RTDP-Bel or heuristic search value iteration (HSVI) have been used for solving Goal-POMDPs. Neither of these algorithms has theoretical convergence guarantees, and HSVI may even fail to terminate its trials. We give the following contributions: (1) We discuss the challenges introduced in Goal-POMDPs and illustrate how they prevent the original HSVI from converging. (2) We present a novel algorithm inspired by HSVI, termed Goal-HSVI, and show that our algorithm has convergence guarantees. (3) We show that Goal-HSVI outperforms RTDP-Bel on a set of well-known examples.
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Ceciliato, Emir, Claudia C. Magalha˜es, and David G. P. Bueno. "An Automated Leak Detection and Location System in a Brazilian Liquid Ammonia Pipeline." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10543.

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Liquid ammonia is the basis of a variety of products, ranging from fertilisers, important intermediate chemical raw material (such as nitric acid and ammonium hydroxide), cosmetics, up to explosives. It is a very toxic product, requiring special care when transported. This paper shall present an automated leak detection system (i. e., without human intervention for shutting pumps down) for a short (approximately 6 kilometres long), 6 inch., liquid ammonia pipeline located at the city of Cubata˜o, state of Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, within the bounds of a fertiliser producer. The pipeline runs from a Terminal (which is a port) down to a fertiliser complex, where the ammonia is used as raw material to produce ammonium nitrate. There is approximately 3.5 km of buried pipes, as well as 2.5 km of aerial ones. A special set of insulation layers is coating pipeline segments in order to keep ammonia in an undercooled temperature (and showing an undercooled liquid behaviour, as a consequence). The selected leak detection system is based on statistical concepts, using the SPRT (Sequential Probability Ratio Test) sampling technology. The main idea is to establish an automated procedure in which the LDS is capable of sending an alarm signal directly to the SCADA, to shut down pumps, without human intervention. The system architecture is covered, as well as the details on the pipeline hydraulics and ammonia transport properties (especially density and viscosity). Finally, initial field trials data are provided and analysed.
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