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Journal articles on the topic 'Triathler'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Landstetter, Claudia, Michael Zapletal, Eva-Maria Lindner, and Christian Katzlberger. "Evaluation of the portable liquid scintillation counter Triathler™ for characterising small-scale nuclear incidents." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 307, no. 3 (2015): 2259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4548-9.

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2

Sousa, Caio Victor, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle. "Pacing and Performance Analysis of the World’s Fastest Female Ultra-Triathlete in 5x and 10x Ironman." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (2020): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051543.

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The aim of the present case study was to analyse the performance data of the world’s best female ultra-triathlete setting a new world record in a Quintuple (5xIronman) and Deca Iron (10xIronman) ultra-triathlon, within and between race days, and between disciplines (cycling and running) and races (Quintuple and Deca Iron ultra-triathlon). The subject was an elite female triathlete (52 kg, 169 cm) born in 1983. At the time of her world record in Quintuple Iron ultra-triathlon she had an age of 35 years and at the time of the world record in Deca Iron ultra-triathlon 36 years old. The distributi

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3

Kanady, R. W. "Operational Experience and Validation of the Triathler™ Model 425-034(1) Single Vial Liquid Scintillation Counter for Meeting Department of Energy Release Criteria." Fusion Science and Technology 54, no. 1 (2008): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst08-a1789.

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4

Gailey, Robert, and Peter Harsch. "Introduction to Triathlon for the Lower Limb Amputee Triathlete." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 33, no. 3 (2009): 242–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640902995070.

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From the roots of cross training to the rigorous worldwide events, triathlon has become a means for physical conditioning, competition and socialization that is adaptable to everyone with a desire and commitment to participate. The novelty of athletes with limb loss competing alongside able-bodied has passed. The current expectation is that sport, including triathlon, is well within the reach of any amputee athlete with the physical ability and determination to compete. Commitment by the clinical team to the amputee athlete along with the systematic practice of prosthetic fitting, sport-specif

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5

Margaritis, Irène. "Facteurs Limitants de la Performance en Triathlon." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 21, no. 1 (1996): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h96-001.

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Triathlon is a multievent sport (swimming, cycling, running). Long duration triathlons can induce physiological stress that can be modulated by environmental conditions. Certain factors promote performance, others limit it. A minimal level of maximal oxygen uptake is required, but it does not always determine the performance. For triathletes, the low hematocrit values do not reflect anemia and therefore do not limit performance. The appearance of clinical signs of dehydratation and of digestive impairment may limit performance. The performance in swimming does not play the most important role

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6

Cox, Gregory R. "Nutritional Intake of an Elite Female Triathlete contesting an Ironman Triathlon." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42 (May 2010): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000385581.35139.e0.

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7

Gonzalez-Custodio, Adrian, Carmen Crespo, Rafael Timón, and Guillermo Olcina. "Effects of a Combined Method of Normobaric Hypoxia on the Repeated Sprint Ability Performance of a Nine-Time World Champion Triathlete: A Case Report." Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 11 (2024): 1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs14111084.

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Elite athletes are an under-represented population in scientific studies, and there are no works analysing the influence of hypoxia in elite triathletes. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of different methods of normobaric hypoxia on repeated sprint ability (RSA) performance. This study was a case study with an elite triathlete who has won nine triathlon world championships. The study used a combination of different methods of normobaric hypoxia. The three methods combined were as follows: live high-train low interspersed; intermittent hypoxic training; and intermittent hypoxi

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8

McGannon, Kerry R., Keira Towers, and Jenny McMahon. "On the Road to Redemption: A Case Study of Triathlon Participation and Substance Use Recovery Stories." Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology 7, no. 1 (2023): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/cssep.2023-0020.

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Although sport participation holds potential to facilitate substance use recovery, the role of sport and links to identity transformation are contentious. Using an instrumental and intrinsic case study, we used narrative inquiry to explore autobiographies as cultural sites of analysis in relation to the role that one sport (i.e., triathlon) plays in substance use recovery. We conducted a social constructionist narrative thematic analysis of four public autobiography sources (e.g., one book and three documentary films) chronicling one man’s 27-year journey of substance use recovery using recrea

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9

Bem, Henryk, Magdalena Długosz-Lisiecka, Daria Mazurek-Rudnicka, and Piotr Szajerski. "Occurrence of 222Rn and 226,228Ra in underground water and 222Rn in soil and their mutual correlations for underground water supplies in southern Greater Poland." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 43, no. 8 (2021): 3099–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00792-z.

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AbstractEuropean Union Council Directive 2013/51/EURATOM recently sets out so-called indicator parameters for: radon, tritium and indicative dose of water intended for human consumption. The aim of this research was to elaborate an effective procedure for determination of radon and radium 226,228Ra isotopes (which are potentially the main contributors to the internal dose from drinking and cooking water) and to find the possible relationships between these radionuclides in underground water reservoirs and 222Rn concentration in the soil gas in their vicinity. The research was performed by appl

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10

Melau, Jørgen, Martin Bonnevie-Svendsen, Maria Mathiassen, Janne Mykland Hilde, Lars Oma, and Jonny Hisdal. "Late-Presenting Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report Series from the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon." Sports 7, no. 6 (2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7060137.

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Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) may develop during strenuous physical exertion in water. This case series reports on three cases of suspected late-presenting SIPE during the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon. A 30-year-old male professional (PRO) triathlete, a 40-year-old female AGE GROUP triathlete and a 34-year-old male AGE GROUP triathlete presented with shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing up pink sputum during the last part of the bike phase. All three athletes reported an improvement in breathing during the first major uphill of the bike phase and increasing symptoms during

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11

Cuba-Dorado, Alba, Tania Álvarez-Yates, and Oscar García-García. "Elite Triathlete Profiles in Draft-Legal Triathlons as a Basis for Talent Identification." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (2022): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020881.

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Draft-legal triathlons are the main short-distance races worldwide and are those on which talent-identification programs are usually focused. Performance in these races depends on multiple factors; however, many investigations do not focus on elite triathletes. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to carry out a systematic literature search to define the elite female and male triathlete profiles and their competition demands in draft-legal triathlons. This will allow us to summarize the main determinant factors of high-level triathletes as a basis for talent detection. A comprehensi

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12

Harnish, Christopher R., Hamish A. Ferguson, and Gregory P. Swinand. "Racing Demands of Off-Road Triathlon: A Case Study of a National Champion Masters Triathlete." Sports 9, no. 10 (2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9100136.

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(1) Background: This report examines the unique demands of off-road triathlon (XT) by presenting physiological, field, and race data from a national champion off-road triathlete using several years of laboratory and field data to detail training and race intensity. (2) Methods: Laboratory and field data were collected when the athlete was at near peak fitness and included oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), power output (W), and blood lactate (BLC) during cycling and running, while HR, cycling W, and running metrics were obtained from training and race data files over a period of seven

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13

Forst, Raimund, Jürgen Forst, and Karl D. Heller. "Ipsilateral Peroneus Brevis Tendon Grafting in a Complicated Case of Traumatic Rupture of Tibialis Anterior Tendon." Foot & Ankle International 16, no. 7 (1995): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079501600712.

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Ruptures of tibialis anterior tendon can be caused by open, closed, direct, or indirect trauma, as well as spontaneously. Sixty-three cases of tibialis anterior tendon ruptures have been reported in the international literature. The treatment of choice is the surgical end-to-end or side-to-side anastomosis after previous Z-lengthening. The case of a 28-year-old world-class female triathlete who sustained an open laceration of the tibialis anterior tendon from the bicycle chain guard is reported. The primarily applied tendon suture became infected and a wound revision with wide resection of the

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14

Vorobiov, O., V. Yurchenko, and A. Reshetchenko. "MONITORING OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION WITH TRITIUM AFTER A RADIATION ACCIDENT AT A RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL SITE." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 184 (2024): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2024-3-184-46-52.

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The article analyses the data of long-term monitoring of the level of tritium contamination of groundwater in the area of the radioactive waste disposal site. Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, a soft beta emitter. The impressive effect of tritium is due to the biological significance of the molecules into which it incorporates. Radioactive waste storage facilities store a lot of tritium-rich radioactive waste of various origins, a potential tritium source entering the natural environment. Any tritium released appears as tritium water (water that contains tritium in its molecules).

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15

Laursen, Paul B., Greig Watson, Chris R. Abbiss, Bradley A. Wall, and Kazunori Nosaka. "Hyperthermic Fatigue Precedes a Rapid Reduction in Serum Sodium in an Ironman Triathlete: A Case Report." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 4, no. 4 (2009): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.4.4.533.

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Purpose:To monitor the hydration, core temperature, and speed (pace) of a triathlete performing an Ironman triathlon.Methods:A 35-year-old experienced male triathlete participated in the Western Australian Ironman triathlon on December 1, 2006. The participant was monitored for blood Na+ concentration before the race (PRE), at the transitions (T1 and T2), halfway through the run (R21), and after the race (POST; 2hPOST). Core body temperature (T ; pill telemetry) was recorded continuously, and running speed (s3 stride sensor) was measured during the run.Results:The participant completed the rac

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16

Stanek, Justin M. "The Effectiveness of Compression Socks for Athletic Performance and Recovery." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 26, no. 1 (2017): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2015-0048.

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Clinical Scenario:The popularity of compression socks has increased substantially among athletes, particularly those participating in endurance events such as running and triathlon. Companies are increasingly marketing compression stockings to runners, triathletes, and other endurance athletes for the benefits of improved performance and/or decreased recovery time. Originally developed for the treatment of deep-vein thrombosis, compression socks are now marketed as a tool to improve venous return, thus believed to improve both performance and recovery in athletes. The use of compression socks

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17

Sellés-Pérez, Sergio, Roberto Cejuela, José Fernández-Sáez, and Héctor Arévalo-Chico. "Does Pool Performance of Elite Triathletes Predict Open-Water Performance?" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 8, no. 4 (2023): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk8040165.

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The capacity of laboratory tests to predict competition performance has been broadly researched across several endurance sports. The aim of the present study was to analyse how pool swimming performance can predict the result of the swimming segment in triathlon competitions and compare predictability differences based on competition level and distance. Eighteen male triathletes participated in the study. Three were ranked world-class, ten elite/international level, and five highly trained/national level. A total of sixty-one graded multi-stage swimming tests were conducted. Blood lactate was

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18

Hue, Olivier, Olivier Galy, Daniel Le Gallais, and Christian Préfaut. "Pulmonary Responses During the Cycle-Run Succession in Elite and Competitive Triathletes." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 26, no. 6 (2001): 559–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h01-031.

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of performance level on the pulmonary responses in triathletes during the cycle-run succession. Methods: Eight regionally and nationally ranked (Competitive) and six internationally ranked (Elite) male triathletes underwent 30 min of cycling followed by 20 min of running (C-R) and 30 min of control cycling (C). Before and 10 min after each trial, the triathletes underwent lung function testing. Ventilalory data were collected every minute using an automated breath-by-breath system. Results: The results showed that (a) cycling in

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19

Lepers, Romuald, and Paul J. Stapley. "It’s never too late to become an Ironman – The example of an 85-year-old triathlete." Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité, no. 104 (2019): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019024.

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This study aimed to analyse the performance of Hiromu Inada (HI), an 85-year-old triathlete, who became the oldest athlete in the world to complete the famous Hawaii Ironman triathlon consisting of a 3.8 km swim, 180-km cycle and 42-km run. HI swam in 1 h 51 min, cycled in 8 h 02 min, ran in 6 h 28 min and took 31 min for his transitions, for a total time of 16 h 53 min. Compared to the winner’s speed, HI was 55, 47 and 58% slower in swimming, cycling and running, respectively. For the same age-group category (i.e. 85–89 years), the age-related decline in performances of HI are more pronounced

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20

Kovářová, Lenka, Miroslav Jurič, and Karel Kovář. "Analýza výkonu v triatlonu." Studia sportiva 6, no. 1 (2012): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2012-1-9.

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The article analyzes four sports performance modifi cations triathlon: sprint, short, long and off -road race. For the analysis results were used during the fi rst 30 classifi ed riders at the fi nish triathlon analyzed modifi cations in the category of elite men. For the analysis of relationships in all parts of the triathlon modifi cations was due to the results of tests of normality using Spearman‘s correlation coeffi cient. In analyzing the highest correlation was found between swimming and overall performance at long distance triathlon (0.469), lowest in the sprint triathlon. When analyzi

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21

Heiden, Tamika, and Angus Burnett. "Triathlon." Sports Biomechanics 2, no. 1 (2003): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14763140308522806.

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22

Strock, Gregory A., Erika R. Cottrell, and James M. Lohman. "Triathlon." Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 17, no. 3 (2006): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2006.05.010.

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23

Spiker, Andrea M., Sameer Dixit, and Andrew J. Cosgarea. "Triathlon." Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review 20, no. 4 (2012): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jsa.0b013e31825ca79f.

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24

Bales, James, and Karrn Bales. "Triathlon." Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review 20, no. 4 (2012): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jsa.0b013e31825efdc5.

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25

Selviana, Renanda Kevin, Fadilah Umar, and Manshuralhudlori Manshuralhudlori. "Studi Pembinaan Triathlon Kota Surakarta dalam Persiapan Pekan Olahraga Provinsi Jawa Tengah." Jurnal Kepelatihan Olahraga 15, no. 1 (2023): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jko-upi.v15i1.56559.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keadaan organisasi, pembinaan, manajemen sumber daya manusia, program latihan dan sarana prasarana triathlon kota Surakarta dalam persiapan Pekan Olahraga Provinsi Jawa Tengah 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah pengurus KONI kota Surakarta sebanyak 3 orang, pengurus FTI kota Surakarta sebanyak 3 orang, pelatih triathlon kota Surakarta sebanyak 3 orang, dan atlet triathlon kota Surakarta sebanyak 3 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji va

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26

Race, Silvia, and Sandra Vujkov. "Plivanje u triatlonu." Aktuelno u praksi: bilten za strucna pitanja u fizickoj kulturi 26, no. 1 (2016): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/aup1601053r.

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Triathlon is an Olympic sport that consists of three cyclic events: swimming, running and cycling, which are taking place one after another. Triathlon race begins with swimming, mainly on open water. Even the great sport experts analyze triathlon through each segmental technique. In regards to that, triathlon-swimming technique is not identical to the classic technique in swimmers; moreover, there are significant differences in certain elements. The first triathlon competition was held in 1977 in Hawaii, organized by a group of US Marines. The aim of this paper was to explain the way of traini

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27

Poczta, Joanna, and Ewa Malchrowicz-Mosko. "Mass triathlon participation as a human need to set the goals and cross the borders. How to understand the triathlete?" Olimpianos - Journal of Olympic Studies 4 (2020): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30937/2526-6314.v4.id114.

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28

Cushman, Daniel M., Nathan Dowling, Meredith Ehn, and Dana H. Kotler. "Triathlon Considerations." Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 33, no. 1 (2022): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2021.08.006.

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29

A. M., Ciulei, Prado A., Navalta J., and Mercer A. J. "Triathlon Research." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 47 (May 2015): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000479317.87492.7e.

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30

Omondi-Ochieng, Peter. "USA Triathlon." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 67, no. 7 (2018): 1192–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-09-2017-0240.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the 2010–2015 financial performance (FP) of the national non-profit USA Triathlon (UST) using financial effectiveness (FE) indicators and financial efficiency (FY) ratios. Design/methodology/approach Archival data were used together with a case study method. FP was evaluated by net income; FE was indicated by total assets and total revenues, while FY was examined by program services ratios and support services ratios. Findings On average, the FP of the organization was positive ($2,100,591 net income per year), FE was moderate (66 percent increas

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31

Yamamoto, S., N. Tarumi, M. karakawa, and T. Iwasaka. "BRADYARRHYTHMIA - TRIATHLON." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, Supplement 1 (2003): S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200305001-00285.

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32

Natarajan, B., and G. Ewert. "INFECTION - TRIATHLETE." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 31, Supplement (1999): S341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199905001-01722.

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33

Kienstra, Carolyn M., Tristen R. Asken, Jennifer D. Garcia, Vanessa Lara, and Thomas M. Best. "Triathlon Injuries." Current Sports Medicine Reports 16, no. 6 (2017): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/jsr.0000000000000417.

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34

Johnson, Don. "The Triathlon." Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review 20, no. 4 (2012): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jsa.0b013e31825efb7a.

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35

Seidl, J., and J. Suchý. "Must triathlon field performance tests reflect triathlon specificity?" Studia Kinanthropologica 15, no. 3 (2014): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/sk.2014.065.

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36

Takahashi, Keigo, and Yoshiharu Nabekura. "Minimal decrease in triathlon running performance compared to isolated running performance is important for sprint triathlon success." Journal of Science and Cycling 10, no. 1 (2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.28985/1221.jsc.03.

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A strategy to improve running performance at the end of a triathlon (TR) is minimizing fatigue from the preceding exercise. However, little is known about decrease in TR compared to isolated running (IR) performance and the degree at which it changes. This study examined the decrease in TR performance compared with IR performance and the degree of change in the sprint triathlon competition results. We searched the web (http://www.jtu.or.jp/) for the official result times of certification competitive events from 2013 to 2016 of the Japan Triathlon Union and elite categories participating in the

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37

Couture, Jesse. "Triathlon Magazine Canada and the (Re-)Construction of Female Sporting Bodies." Sociology of Sport Journal 33, no. 2 (2016): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2015-0010.

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This paper provides a critical look at the ways in which the female sporting body is discursively constructed within Triathlon Magazine Canada (TMC), Canada’s only triathlon-exclusive magazine. By exploring both visual and narrative representations of the athletic female sporting body, this paper exposes some of the discursive tensions that seem to persist in this popular triathlon-specific text. Both the sport of triathlon and the bodies of triathletes may each be understood as sites where essentialist ideas about the body can be effectively disrupted or challenged but TMC represents a façade

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38

Widawski, Michał, Aleksandra Górniak, Aleksandra Kubas, et al. "Exercise-induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Triathletes – a Systematic Review." Quality in Sport 42 (June 11, 2025): 60519. https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2025.42.60519.

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Introduction and Purpose In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in interest in triathlon among amateur athletes. Despite the undeniable health benefits, participating in such a demanding discipline also carries numerous issues, such as injuries and gastrointestinal disorders. According to some studies, as many as 93% of individuals competing in triathlon events report symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, or diarrhea during exertion. This paper is devoted to examining these issues. Aim of the study We have discussed the most important pathophysiological mechanisms that lea

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39

Zajkowska-Sierpniak, Aleksandra, Marlena Cąkała, Magdalena Kozioł, Kamila Podgórniak, Michał Szymchel, and Filip Grzegorzak. "benefits of triathlon disciplines in maintaining good health - a review of the literature." Quality in Sport 22 (September 17, 2024): 54322. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.22.54322.

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Introduction: A triathlon is a multisport event comprising three individual disciplines: swimming, cycling and running. The event is structured around two transition periods, during which competitors change from one mode of transportation to another. The multidisciplinary nature of triathlon places an exceptional physiological burden on athletes, with modifications to haemodynamic, biochemical, cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters. Participation in triathlon has been linked with a number of benefits, including improved endurance, body toning and enhanced laboratory results. However, this

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40

Gadelha, André Bonadias, Caio Victor Sousa, Marcelo Magalhaes Sales, et al. "Cut-Off Values in the Prediction of Success in Olympic Distance Triathlon." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (2020): 9491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249491.

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Cut-off points and performance-related tools are needed for the development of the Olympic distance triathlon. The purposes of the present study were (i) to determine cut-off values to reach the top three positions in an Olympic distance triathlon; (ii) to identify which discipline present the highest influence on overall race performance and if it has changed over the decades. Data from 1989 to 2019 (n = 52,027) from all who have competed in an official Olympic distance triathlon events (World Triathlon Series and Olympics) were included. The cut-off value to achieve a top three position was

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41

MARICA, Andrei Vladimir, Adina Andreea DREVE, Vladi IONESCU, and Marius STOICA. "OPTIMISING EFFORT CAPACITY IN TRIATHLON." University Arena 7, no. 4/2024 (2024): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.62229/uavii_4_24-10.

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Background. My personal triathlon practice inspired the creation of a specialized training regimen to improve triathlon training in Romania. This program aims to enhance performance, well-being, and injury prevention for athletes. At the INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH CENTRE (CCI) “Dr. Alexandru Partheniu” of UNEFS, we used AEROSCAN technology to assess exercise capacity, measuring heart and breathing rates with the Bruce Protocol for precise physiological monitoring. Objectives. This research demonstrates that tailored training cycles for swimming, cycling, and running can significantly enhance t

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42

Lenherr, Reto, Beat Knechtle, Christoph Rüst, Thomas Rosemann, and Romuald Lepers. "From Double Iron to Double Deca Iron Ultra-Triathlon - A Retrospective Data Analysis from 1985 to 2011." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 54, no. 1 (2012): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-012-0013-4.

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From Double Iron to Double Deca Iron Ultra-Triathlon - A Retrospective Data Analysis from 1985 to 2011Participation in ultra-endurance performance is of increasing popularity. We analyzed the historic development of the ultra-triathlon scene from 1985 to 2011 focusing on a) worldwide distribution of competition, b) participation, c) gender, and d) athlete nationality. We examined the participation trends of 3,579 athletes, involving 3,297 men (92.1%) and 300 women (7.9%), using linear regression analyses. Between 1985 and 2011, a total of 96 Double Iron ultra-triathlons (7.6km swimming, 360km

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Sousa, Caio Victor, Beat Knechtle, and Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis. "Longitudinal Performance Analysis in Ultra-Triathlon of the World’s 2 Best Master Triathletes." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 10 (2020): 1480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0805.

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Purpose: To analyze the performances of 2 ultra-triathletes who competed in ultra-triathlon events (double Iron ultra-triathlon and triple Iron ultra-triathlon) for the past 3 decades. Longitudinal data of the performance development in ultra-triathlon athletes spanning many years are rare. Prediction of age-related performance declines in the different disciplines in triathlon events (swimming, cycling, and running) are needed for race directors to set realistic goals (time limits) for master athletes in these events. Methods: Athletes A and B had 34 and 53 participations in double Iron at 35

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Jacinto, Miguel, Cristóvão Margarido, Marlene Sousa, et al. "Perceived Quality, Overall Service Quality, Overall Service Satisfaction, Perceived Service Value and Future Intentions of a sport event: Portuguese triathlete perceptions." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 25, no. 1 (2025): 14–29. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.637351.

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The aim of this study was to analyse the factor structure of a model to assess the perception of satisfaction and quality of a sport event. Confirmatory factor analysis was developed to test the factor structure. The present sample comprised 208 Portuguese triathlete participants (males = 148; Mean age = 41.29 ± 11.28). Of these participants, 169 reported practice of physical activity more than 4 times a week and 153 said they had completed part in 5 or more triathlon events. Current results showed that the measurement model presented adequate fit (total sample model: χ2/df = 2.748, B-S p <

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Malchrowicz-Mośko, Ewa, Maciej Młodzik, Adrianna Banio, and Adam Omorczyk. "Triathlon as a form of sports consumption: Motives for participation." Turyzm/Tourism 28, no. 2 (2018): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tour-2018-0013.

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This article presents triathlon as a modern form of sports consumption. The theoretical part underlines the importance of triathlon events for the development of tourism and the promotion of health and physical activity, whereas the empirical part presents the results of research carried out at the Środa Wielkopolska Triathlon 2018 event. The socio-demographic profile of the participants of the event (N=109) and their motives for participation were determined. The information contained may be of value for those involved in the development of sport and tourism in smaller towns in Poland.

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Galasso, Olimpio, Mariaconsiglia Calabrese, Giuseppe Scanniello, et al. "Accelerating Recovery: A Case Report on Telerehabilitation for a Triathlete’s Post-Meniscus Surgery Comeback." Healthcare 13, no. 4 (2025): 406. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13040406.

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Introduction: Meniscus injuries are common among endurance athletes, requiring structured rehabilitation to restore function and facilitate a safe return to sport. Traditional in-person rehabilitation may not always be accessible or feasible for high-performance athletes. Telerehabilitation, incorporating virtual reality, motion tracking, and telemonitoring, offers an innovative approach to guided recovery. However, evidence supporting its effectiveness in elite athletes remains limited. Case presentation: This case report explores the application of an innovative telerehabilitation program fo

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Khcharem, Amir, and Taoufik Abroug. "Acute Changes in Plasma Lipid Levels after an Endurance Triathlon Competition in Young Physical Education Students." Tunisian Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2, no. 2 (2024): 11–16. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.tjssm.2.2.2.

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Purpose The literature has failed to adequately report the effect of triathlon on general health. The current study aimed to assess the effects of an endurance triathlon competition on serum lipid profile. Methods Fourteen recreational triathletes being physical education students completed a short-distance triathlon competition (750 m swimming, 20 km cycling, and 5 km running). Blood collection was carried out before and just after the race. Results In comparison with rest, exercise resulted in decreased levels of triglyceride (TGL) (22.9%, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (2.5%, p <

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Dixon, S., AW Blom, MR Whitehouse, and V. Wylde. "Comparison of patient reported outcomes after Triathlon® and Kinemax Plus prostheses." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 1 (2014): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13824511650218.

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INTRODUCTION The Triathlon® (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI, US) total knee replacement was designed to improve patient function and survivorship. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Triathlon® prosthesis produces better patient reported outcomes than a previous design by the same manufacturer, the Kinemax Plus. METHODS The outcome of 233 knees of patients with a mean age of 68 years (range: 40–80 years) who received the Kinemax Plus prosthesis were compared with the outcomes of 220 knees of patients with a mean age of 70 years (range: 42–90 years) who received the Triathlon® prosthesis

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Martinez, John M., and Robert Laird. "Managing Triathlon Competition." Current Sports Medicine Reports 2, no. 3 (2003): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200306000-00006.

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Wicker, Anton. "Stress-Fracture – Triathlon." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, Supplement (2004): S360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200405001-01726.

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