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Rotimi, Omotoso Dayo, Baxter-Grillo Dorothea, Adagboyin Osa, and Bienonwu Emmanuel. "COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CEPHALIC INDEX AMONG BINI AND IGBO TRIBES IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 7, no. 2.3 (June 5, 2019): 6685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.208.
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J. Adams, Dr Adoga-Ikong, and Dr Michael Takim Otu. "Customary Law Marriage Practice in Nigeria: Women and Human Rights." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 63 (March 15, 2020): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.63.272.275.
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Marriage has been defined as a voluntary union between a man and a woman or women (in the case of customary marriage) for life to the exclusion of any other. In other words, it is a legal union which exists between a man and a wife(s). The practice is acceptable world over and it is usually legally recognized. In Nigeria, though there exist a statutory marriage which is monogamous in nature but most prevalent is the customary marriage. This marriage is practiced among all the tribes in Nigeria despite the fact that there exist statutory marriages. One thing that is pertinent here is that the practice of customary marriage in Nigeria has violated the human rights of the couple especially the women. The women in Nigeria have not enjoyed their human rights in their customary marriage. This is due to certain customs and traditions that do not allow for such. Among the few are undue reliance on consent of their parents. Before a marriage can be contracted female genital mutilation, the corresponding rights to bring an action for dissolution of marriage if the other party commits adultery, etc. As a result of the above (and many others) Nigerian woman is deprived of her rights. This work seeks to examine these practices which stand as hindrances to the rights of a married woman in Nigeria and therefore suggests that Nigerian women should be allowed to enjoy her basic human rights (even as a married woman) just like her husband, also that the practices in other climes where women enjoy their human rights should be imbibed in Nigeria.
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Apamshan, Zachariah, Norafidah Ismail, and Knocks Tapiwa Zengeni. "Insurgency in Nigeria: The Real Test of Nationhood." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v6.n1.p5.
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<em>The Boko Haram and the Niger Delta militancy today remain unarguably the greatest security threats to the corporate existence of the Nigerian state and her development. At the root of these insurgencies are socio-economic, ethno-political and religious challenges which are actually bye-products of a dysfunctional system. This research work examines the issues and challenges as it relates to the real test of Nigeria’s nationhood. The research work made use of content analysis through the use of books, newspapers, journal publications and available sources from the internet library. This is to give a deeper understanding of the issues that surround insurgency in Nigeria with a view of proffering solutions. The findings of this research work revealed that, lack of employment and equal opportunities especially for the youths of the minority tribes who make up the people of the Niger Delta region are seen as the root cause of agitations. Also, the findings disclosed poor and ineffective governance as responsible for the increased social and political uncertainties, rigidity and institutional failure. Issues such as religion, ethnicity, and regional sentiments were the real problems behind the violent conflict in Nigeria.</em>
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Oba, AA. "Islamic Law as Customary Law: The Changing Perspective in Nigeria." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 51, no. 4 (October 2002): 817–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/51.4.817.
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Pluralism is a main feature of Nigeria as a country. There is ethnic pluralism.1 The pre-colonial Nigeria comprised of over 250 nation states embracing over 500 ethnic and linguistic groups.2 These ethnic groups spread across the three main geographical units in the country, namely, the north, the west, and the east. The north was dominated by the Hausa-Fulani and the Kanuri peoples, the west by the Yoruba speaking tribes, and the east by the Igbos.
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Adeoye, Blessing Foluso. "Culturally Different Learning Styles in Online Learning Environments." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 7, no. 2 (April 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicte.2011040101.
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The importance of individual culture depends on the characteristics of national culture and the individual’s background; within individual culture, different learning styles also exist. This paper addresses the topic of how learning style interacts with receptivity to online methods in different cultures, in this case in Nigeria. It examines and analyzes online learning environments in terms of differences in the learning styles of Nigeria university students according to their cultural backgrounds, specifically tribes, gender, and program of studies and how that can affect their online learning. The differences in tribes and learning styles affect the way the students respond to online learning. Despite the need for improvement, the future of online learning environments seems bright. The online instructor should try to offer learning activities that will appeal to the widest variety of learning styles possible. The ethnicity and cultural diversity of students needs to be considered in online systems design.
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Aina, Segun, Kofoworola V. Sholesi, Aderonke R. Lawal, Samuel D. Okegbile, and Adeniran I. Oluwaranti. "GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR NIGERIAN TRIBAL GREETING POSTURES USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE." MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING 5, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/mjoc.v5i2.10347.
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This paper presents the application of Gaussian blur filters and Support Vector Machine (SVM) techniques for greeting recognition among the Yoruba tribe of Nigeria. Existing efforts have considered different recognition gestures. However, tribal greeting postures or gestures recognition for the Nigerian geographical space has not been studied before. Some cultural gestures are not correctly identified by people of the same tribe, not to mention other people from different tribes, thereby posing a challenge of misinterpretation of meaning. Also, some cultural gestures are unknown to most people outside a tribe, which could also hinder human interaction; hence there is a need to automate the recognition of Nigerian tribal greeting gestures. This work hence develops a Gaussian Blur – SVM based system capable of recognizing the Yoruba tribe greeting postures for men and women. Videos of individuals performing various greeting gestures were collected and processed into image frames. The images were resized and a Gaussian blur filter was used to remove noise from them. This research used a moment-based feature extraction algorithm to extract shape features that were passed as input to SVM. SVM is exploited and trained to perform the greeting gesture recognition task to recognize two Nigerian tribe greeting postures. To confirm the robustness of the system, 20%, 25% and 30% of the dataset acquired from the preprocessed images were used to test the system. A recognition rate of 94% could be achieved when SVM is used, as shown by the result which invariably proves that the proposed method is efficient.
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Adegoke, Bolanle Felicia, Oluseyi Joshua Adegoke, and Joseph Bamidele Oyedele. "Factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria." Property Management 34, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-12-2014-0053.
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Purpose – Women owning a home may take various forms which may be one of the following: through development of land, buying a home or through inheritance. Meanwhile, in many countries and regions of Sub-Saharan African, women’s rights to land and the incidence of exercising rights have been eroded over time. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria with a view to improving housing provision. Design/methodology/approach – The study purposively administered 170 questionnaires to female staff of the Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Nigeria, who was the study population. This population was chosen because of the fact that the institution is owned by Federal Government, where Federal characters are well reflected. The population cut across major tribes in Nigeria. Both descriptive and inferential technique was used to analyze the data. Findings – The results revealed that income status, cultural norms/traditions, unemployment, structural inequalities have significant influence on the decisions of the women in the study area while tribes, age among others have no significant influence on women decision to own homes. Practical implications – The paper recommended that government should enact laws and policies in favor of women to own lands and develop it. Also there should be gender balance in employment opportunities. Originality/value – Women’s equal rights to adequate housing, land and property are well elaborated under international human rights law but are often elusive in practice. This paper empirically studied factors influencing women participation in home ownership in Nigeria.
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DIOP, Samba. "Nollywood: Indigenous Culture, Interculturality, and the Transplantation of American Popular Culture onto Postcolonial Nigerian Film and Screen." Communication, Society and Media 3, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): p12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/csm.v3n1p12.
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Nigeria, the Giant of Africa, has three big tribes: Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa. It was a British colony which was amalgamated in 1914. The country became independent in 1962 and was right away bedeviled by military coups d’états and a bloody civil war (1967-1970). In 1999, the country experienced democratic dispensation. In the 1990s, the Nollywood nascent movie industry—following in the footpath of Hollywood and Bollywood—flourished. The movie industry grew thanks to four factors: Rapid urbanization; the hand-held video camera; the advent of satellite TV; and, the overseas migrations of Nigerians. Local languages are used in these films; however, English is the most prominent, along with Nigerian pidgin broken English. Many themes are treated in these films: tradition and customs, religion, witchcraft and sorcery, satire, urban and rural lives, wealth acquisition, consumerism, etc. I discuss the ways in which American popular culture is adopted in Nigeria and recreated on screen. Nigeria and USA share Federalism, the superlative mode, and gigantism (houses, cars, people, etc.), and many Nigerians attend American universities. In the final analysis, the arguments exposed in this paper highlight the multitude of ways in which Nigerians navigate the treacherous waters of modernity and globalization.
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Anuforo, Prisca O., Lola Oyedele, and Dula F. Pacquiao. "Comparative Study of Meanings, Beliefs, and Practices of Female Circumcision Among Three Nigerian Tribes in the United States and Nigeria." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 15, no. 2 (April 2004): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659603262486.
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Oluwakemi, Olowolafe, Olawale Olonade, and Christiana Adetunde. "A Contextual Analysis of Three Major Tribes’ Traditional Conflict Resolution Mechanisms in Pre-Literate Nigerian Society." Applied Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjhss202003018.
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This paper contextually analyzed three major tribes’ traditional conflict resolution mechanism in pre-literate Nigerian society. Conflict is very much part of human society and it is expected. Conflict resolution encompasses a range of processes gallantly aimed at alleviating or eliminating sources of conflict. Secondary sources of data with relevant literature were engaged and the Emile Durkheim theory of societal development was adopted as a theoretical framework. Findings show that in Yorubaland, conflict is seen as unavoidable, a positive development through which people understand each other better. While the main causes of conflict among the Igbos are basically land, chieftaincy tussle and matrimonial fallouts. Prior to kingship institution, the Igbo used non-centralized forms of government which have in attendance Elders and Council of Elders which serves as the highest and most important peacemaking and conflict resolution mechanism. Hausa/Fulani pre-colonial administration is highly centralized and hierarchical in nature. The Emir, in terms of adjudication, is both the political and religious head because he ensures that the provisions of Sharia are adequately followed to the core in treating cases of individual or group conflicts. The Emir court was the highest and the final. Having perused all the conflict resolution mechanisms of the three major tribes in Nigeria, the following recommendations were made; there is a need to encourage traditional conflict mechanisms as it is accessible and economic for disputants. There should be peace education for all and sundry. Alternative dispute resolution and unofficial strategies should be subscribed to in an attempt to ameliorate and manage human’s conflicts (vigilante, militias, charms, prayers, communal solidarity, etc). Keywords: Tribes, Traditional, Pre-illiterate, Conflict Resolution
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Adewole, Ololade G., Kehinde O. Omotoso, and Sola S. Asa. "Contextual and Social Factors Influencing Male Fertility in Nigeria." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 40, no. 3 (September 14, 2019): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x19875022.
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Objectives Fertility level remains relatively high in Nigeria. Currently, it peaks at about six children per woman. Many studies have suggested targeting men in family planning programs to reduce fertility levels, particularly in patriarchal societies. Nigeria, being a patriarchal and multiethnic society, males’ influence on fertility behavior remains indisputable. Thus, this study explores contextual factors, such as sociocultural norms, beliefs, preferences, and perceptions, that influence male fertility behavior across different ethnic groups in Nigeria. Design The study uses qualitative data that involved focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview (IDI) from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria, with each zone representing the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. Six IDIs and four FGDs were conducted in each of the three selected regions among men making a total of 18 IDIs and 12 FGDs, respectively. The data were transcribed and exported to Atlas.ti software for analyses. Results Some of the beliefs and perceptions mentioned include influence of religion, polygamy, socioeconomic status, government policy, peer pressure, culture, and sex preference. These factors were found to vary considerably across tribes/ethnic groups. Conclusions Findings from this article show that there are other factors beyond individual factors that affect fertility behavior among men. Thus, there is a need to take into consideration the unique community structures in subsequent population-oriented social policy reviews and implementation to tackle high fertility behavior in Nigeria.
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OBIKWU, EMMANUEL. "THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, NATIONAL- ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS AND THE CREATION OF STATES: THE POST–COLONIAL NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE." Petita : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah 2, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/petita.v2i1.1811.
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Critics will retort that there are well over 400 ethno-linguistic groups in Nigeria and each of them cannot have their own state! This is acknowledged and is not an altogether unfounded claim. It, however, underestimates inter-communal and interethnic relations which in Nigeria is generally cordial. Several states in the country are strictly speaking not entirely homogenous ethnically but are composed of several minority groups living together in harmony. Furthermore, there are criteria which ethnic groups agitating for states within Nigeria must meet. Political negotiations, rallies, campaigns and the like all play a part in the realization of the legitimate aspirations of ethnic minorities within a constitutional democracy. Undoubtedly, the operation of Federal Republican Constitution and the creation of states continues to attract constructive criticism. Thus, it has been argued against Nigeria’s Presidential Federalism that this type of republican constitutionalism continues to sustain and perpetuate the status of the predominant tribes more powerfully than would have occurred in a unitary system.
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Salihu Shinkafi, Tijjani, Lawali Bello, Sanusi Wara Hassan, and Shakir Ali. "An ethnobotanical survey of antidiabetic plants used by Hausa–Fulani tribes in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 172 (August 2015): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.014.
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R.O., Farinde, and Omolaiye H.O. "A Socio-pragmatic Investigation of Language of Insults in the Utterances of Yoruba Natives in Nigeria." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 11, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.11n.6p.1.
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An utterance is neither seen nor touched but capable of making or marring an individual, group or a nation depending on how it is used. Thus, positive utterances ensure peace and tranquility in a society while negative utterances usually tear a nation apart. Language of insult is a negative utterance that usually produces, hatred, war, or disunity in the society. This paper, therefore, investigated the language of tribal insult in the utterances of Yoruba language users. Adopting conversational Implicature and Referential Theory as a theoretical framework, the study examined the language of tribal insults in the utterances of Yoruba users of Yoruba language. Employing participatory observation and recorded utterances in informal settings with the native speakers of Yoruba, the researchers discovered that the use of language of tribal insults among the Yoruba speakers has presented some tribes less humans. Also, some words are carelessly used to insult a nation, abuser’s insults are being transferred to ethnic groups with he use simile and metaphor, and negative attitude of a particular person becomes an insult to an ethnic group. The insults ranges from “theft”, “promiscuity”, “stinginess”, “privilege abuse”, “dirtiness” to “inferiority complex”. The implication of the insults is that some tribes are seen as being worthiness. The study, therefore, recommends that government should put machinery in motion to check this menace in order to promote unity in diversity.
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I.E., Ezeabasili. "Cross Border Migration and the Spread of Infectious Diseases (HIV & TB): A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and Benin Republic, 1999-2017." African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research 4, no. 3 (July 12, 2021): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-zfea6eum.
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Cross border migration is the movement of people across their national boundaries, it is a phenomenon that cuts across tribes, religions, and status, it is a universal phenomenon, the quest for individuals to meet their basic requirements which will enable them to live a life free from fear and wants, engenders these phenomena. This paper examines the relationship between cross-border migration and the spread of infectious diseases: HIV and Tuberculosis in Nigeria and the Benin Republic. This study utilized a secondary method of data collection. Classical migration theory was the theoretical framework on which the study was anchored. Using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficient, as a method of data analysis, the findings revealed that cross-border migration contributed to HIV transmission among women in Nigeria and the Benin Republic; and Tuberculosis incidence in the Benin Republic. This study concludes that cross-border migration plays an essential role in the spread of HIV in women in Nigeria and Benin Republic respectively; and Tuberculosis in the Benin Republic. Based on the findings the study recommends; that governments of both Nigeria and Benin Republic should establish mechanisms for the screening of migrants and returnees at the point of entry to know their health status and improve health facilities by; providing rapid testing equipment, mobile laboratories, and clinics, formulate policies that will address the rights of migrants, provide health workers with adequate protective machines.
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Abdulhamid, Z., U. Lawal, Abdul Tahir, M. Harande, H. Usman, and A. Nuhu. "Perceptions of Hausa and Fulani Tribes on Traditional Birth Attendants in Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria." Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research 2, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2017/27773.
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Edor, Edor J. "A JURISPRUDENTIAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL RECONSIDERATION OF THE RAPE-PHENONMENON." Jurnal Sosialisasi: Jurnal Hasil Pemikiran, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Keilmuan Sosiologi Pendidikan, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/sosialisasi.v0i2.15853.
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For sundry reasons, every human community is replete with aberrations of varying magnitude. Some aberrations become so through the criminalisation process by society, some other human acts are considered ontologically uncongenial to human nature. Driving on the left lane of the road in Nigeria, for example, is a traffic offence. It is so because Nigerian road traffic experts consider it convenient to keep right while driving, thereby criminalising driving on the left lane of the road. The aberration of driving on the left lane of the road cannot be said to be adorned with ontological colouration. The phenomenon of rape is considered an ontological aberration in this article and repugnant to human nature. Both the victim and the perpetrator of rape are exposed to social and psychological repercussions. Unfortunately, some of the repercussions on the victim of rape are unnecessary, as they are cosmetically imposed by society, and there is no necessary connection between the aberration and the social consequences. Some of the social and psychological consequences of the phenomenon of rape are considered in this work, and it is argued herein that the social consequences imposed on the victim of rape are unnecessary, and that they unnecessarily compound the traumas that the rape-victim suffers. It is, therefore, suggested herein that some cultural perceptions among most Nigerian tribes should be reviewed to ameliorate the repercussions of rape in the rape-victim.
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Asuquo, Gabriel, and Akerele Peter Adelaja. "ETHICAL LEADERSHIP: A VERITABLE TOOL FOR NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION, PEACE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE." Jurnal Sosialisasi: Jurnal Hasil Pemikiran, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Keilmuan Sosiologi Pendidikan, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/sosialisasi.v0i2.15855.
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For sundry reasons, every human community is replete with aberrations of varying magnitude. Some aberrations become so through the criminalisation process by society, some other human acts are considered ontologically uncongenial to human nature. Driving on the left lane of the road in Nigeria, for example, is a traffic offence. It is so because Nigerian road traffic experts consider it convenient to keep right while driving, thereby criminalising driving on the left lane of the road. The aberration of driving on the left lane of the road cannot be said to be adorned with ontological colouration. The phenomenon of rape is considered an ontological aberration in this article and repugnant to human nature. Both the victim and the perpetrator of rape are exposed to social and psychological repercussions. Unfortunately, some of the repercussions on the victim of rape are unnecessary, as they are cosmetically imposed by society, and there is no necessary connection between the aberration and the social consequences. Some of the social and psychological consequences of the phenomenon of rape are considered in this work, and it is argued herein that the social consequences imposed on the victim of rape are unnecessary, and that they unnecessarily compound the traumas that the rape-victim suffers. It is, therefore, suggested herein that some cultural perceptions among most Nigerian tribes should be reviewed to ameliorate the repercussions of rape in the rape-victim.
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Muazu, J., and MH Kaita. "A Review Of Traditional Plants Used In The Treatment Of Epilepsy Amongst The Hausa/Fulani Tribes Of Northern Nigeria." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 5, no. 4 (October 20, 2008): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v5i4.31294.
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Aishatu, Shehu, Garba Magaji Mohammed, Yau Jamilu, and Ahmed Abubakar. "Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used for the management of depression by Hausa tribes of Kaduna State, Nigeria." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 11, no. 36 (September 25, 2017): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2017.6462.
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Ikiroma-Owiye, Jariel Somieari. "The Moving Image as a Panacea for Concise Analysis and Means of Ensuring Good Governance and Ameliorating Youth Restiveness in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria." African Research Review 14, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v14i1.12.
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The world is plagued with plethora of social issues generated from the complexity of modern existence. The control of sources of raw materials, exploitation, production, and trade has polarised our world. This paper looked at the Niger Delta situation from an audio-visual angle as reflected in the film ‘Krakraye’ by Gentle Jack. The Niger Delta region and her people have been neglected in terms of developmental needs in the Nigerian state, hence, the youths resort to self-identification and resource control which is the problem being stated. The aim of this paper is to present this issue bare in an audio-visual manner. The objectives are to concisely chronicle the real situation from the emergence of the military in the Nigerian scene to the present. Theoretical framework was the analytical approach to cultural studies, while the research methodology would entail the qualitative approach enmeshed with visual impressions, still photographs from the film ‘Krakraye’, and from other graphic and audio-visual sources. Findings of this study show that it is deliberate to underdevelop the Niger Delta region, keep the people poor so they will be loyal and could easily be overcome by the majority tribes, Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo who have never spoken against injustice meted to the Niger Delta communities. Contributions to knowledge is that visual presentation has shown the true plight of the Niger Delta people in visual images. Recommendations are that a naturally endowed, rich industrial environment should not be neglected for peace and development to thrive; stealing of the people’s commonwealth brings about capital flight as those in government are afraid to show their wealth in Nigeria rather, they launder and invest these monies abroad. This paper critically assessed the reach of film in exposing social anomaly as the case of the Niger Delta people, allegorically.
Key Words: Film, Niger Delta, youth, democracy, development
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OWOLABI, Joan Adeola, and Olubukola ADEDEJI. "Morphology of Some Species in the Subfamily Papilionoideae." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 8, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb829806.
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Morphological study of ten species in the subfamily Papilionoideae was carried out with the view to documenting diagnostic characters that would distinguish or group the species. The species studied belong to four tribes, namely: tribe Desmodieae – Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC., Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv., Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC., tribe Phaseoleae – Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Calopogonium mucunoides Desv., Centrosema molle (Mart.) ex. Benth., Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) Walp., Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp., tribe Crotalarieae – Crotalaria retusa Linn., tribe Robinieae – Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. Qualitative and quantitative traits which had not been documented in previous works, especially in Nigeria, were studied. These include plant life span; leaf/leaflet apex, base, margin and pubescence; stem type, colour, shape and pubescence; sepal colour and pubescence; nature of margin of petal standard and presence or absence of pedicel; fruit colour, pubescence, tip and shape; seed colour, shape, surface and presence or absence of prominent hilum on the seed; number of seeds per fruit; pedicel length; length and width of petal standard, keel and wing. Characters of taxonomic value documented in this study were leaf type, leaf shape, leaf base, petiole type, stem type, seed shape, petal standard length, petal keel length and petal wing width. Data were subjected to one - way analysis of variance using Duncan’s multiple range test. It was noted that the important characters that can be used in establishing taxonomic relationship in the sub-family Papilionoideae were leaf type, leaf shape, leaf base, petiole type, stem shape, petal colour, petal margin and seed shape.
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Morocco-Clarke, Ayodele. "Holding Operators in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry to a Higher Environmental Standard." Global Energy Law and Sustainability 2, no. 2 (August 2021): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gels.2021.0056.
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The oil industry drives the Nigerian economy as oil can be credited for most of Nigeria's foreign earnings. The exploration and production activities by operators in the Nigerian oil industry have for numerous decades resulted massive pollution of land, water and air within the jurisdiction of Nigeria and consequently there have been bitter complaints about the degradation of the environment. Though there are scores of legislations, regulations and policies governing the oil industry, it is clear that the multinational oil companies operating in Nigeria do not conduct their operations on the high levels they do in developed countries. However, the problem does not basically lie with the issue of ‘sub-standard’ legislations, but with the fact that the legislations in place are not routinely and uniformly enforced by the regulatory authorities and are often not complied with by the oil companies. This paper examines the twin problems of enforcement and compliance and tries to find a path out of the regulatory quagmire in Nigeria.
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Jaiyeoba-Ojigho, Efe Jennifer, Igho Emmanuel Odokuma, and Patrick Sunday Igbigbi. "Comparative Study of Fingerprint Patterns of Two Ethnic Groups: A Nigerian Study." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v15i4.24235.
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Background: The uniqueness of fingerprints have made it possible for anthropologist to carry out studies on ethnic differences, heritability and linguistic relationships among individuals. The study aimed at investigating and comparing fingerprint patterns of the Itsekiri and Urhobo ethnic groups in Warri, South Southern Nigeria. Methods: A total of 30 males and 30 females each from the Itsekiri and Urhobo tribe were investigated. Fingerprints of participants were obtained with a Hewlett placard G4010 fingerprint scanner. Chi-square and Mann Whitney U test were used to test for an association between non parametric variables, significance was accepted at P<0.05. Results: Finding showed that the ulnar loop was the most predominant pattern in the studied population. Fingerprint patterns and total finger ridge count showed dimorphism among the Itsekiris’ as compared to the atd angle of the left fingers seen in the Urhobos’ (p = 0.021; 0.010; 0.038). Significant differences were observed in fingerprint patterns of the right and left thumb alongside the right middle finger among the respective tribes (P=0.047; 0.007; 0.024). Findings also showed a significant difference in TFRC and atd angle between the Itsekiris’ and Urhobos’ (P= 0.010; 0.002; 0.027) . Conclusions: The ulnar loop was dominant among the Itsekiri females and Urhobo males while the whorl and arch patterns were frequent in the Itsekiri males and the Urhobo females.
Keywords: Delta State; fingerprint; Itsekiri; Urhobo; Warri.
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Alex-Ojei, Christiana A., Nicole de Wet, and Lorretta F. C. Ntoimo. "Characteristics of men who engage in cross-generational sexual behaviour in Nigeria." Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 5 (November 7, 2019): 719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000749.
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AbstractCross-generational sexual relationships are a major route of transmitting HIV and STI between older and younger generations. However, previous research has focused mainly on the young women in these relationships. This study examined the characteristics of men engaging in non-marital sexual relationships with girls aged 15–19 in Nigeria. The data were drawn from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, and the analysis was restricted to a sub-sample of 7557 men aged 30–49 who were sexually active in the 12 months prior to the survey. Data analysis was carried out using frequency distributions, chi-squared tests of association and binary logistic regression. It was found that 9.5% of men aged 30–49 reported engaging in cross-generational sexual relationships. Also, being older (OR = 0.35), married (OR = 0.37), having secondary or higher education (OR = 0.70; 0.59) and having sexual debut between ages 18 and 30 (OR = 0.73) were associated with a lower likelihood of having cross-generational sexual relationships. However, Muslim men (OR = 2.10), men from Igbo (OR = 1.90), Hausa/Fulani (OR = 8.47) and Northern and Southern minority tribes (OR = 4.73; 2.49), men living in rural areas (OR = 1.34), men who were over the age of 30 at sexual debut (OR = 2.67) and those with 2–4 and 5 or more lifetime sexual partners (OR = 1.43; 1.58) were significantly more likely to engage in cross-generational sexual relationships. Addressing the challenges of cross-generational sexual relationships can be an effective strategy to reduce the menace of HIV and STI transmission. Men who have low education, those aged 30–34 years, those who initiated sex at an older age, rural dwellers and those who have had several lifetime sexual partners need to be targeted while designing and implementing programmes and policies to reduce cross-generational sexual relationships in Nigeria. These interventions must also take into account the religious and cultural attitudes towards cross-generational sexual relationships, and further investigations should identify men’s motives for engaging in the practice.
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Kpela, Terkula, Barnabas Danborno, and Sunday Samuel Adebisi. "Nasal Anthropometry of Adult <i>Tiv</i> and <i>Idoma</i> Tribes of Nigeria." Advances in Anthropology 09, no. 02 (2019): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2019.92008.
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Lawal, T. Oluwaseun, and Hannah Olubunmi Ajayi. "Parents and Children’s Awareness and Knowledge of Child Rights Act and Its Application on Children in Nigeria." ANNUAL JOURNAL OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VARNA, BULGARIA 4, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29114/ajtuv.vol4.iss1.127.
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The study assessed the level of awareness and knowledge of parents and children in the Child Rights Act and determined the level of implementation of Child Rights. The study adopted a survey research design. The population consisted of parents from the major three ethnic groups (Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba) in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for the study. The sample size consisted of 120 parents and 120 children. Two self-designed instruments were administered on the participants. Three research questions were answered and two hypotheses tested. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency count, percentage, and One- Way ANOVA. The results revealed that (51.7%) of parents and (53.3%) of children were aware of the Child Rights Act. It further revealed that 76.7% of parents had a high level of knowledge of Child Rights. It also revealed the level of implementation of some specific rights by the parents. Also, the results revealed that there was a significant difference between the level of awareness and knowledge of parents based on their various tribes at 0.05 significant level(p<0.5). The findings provided information on aspects of child rights that parents need to pay more attention to so as not to deny the children of the rights.
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Abubakar, M. S., A. M. Musa, A. Ahmed, and I. M. Hussaini. "The perception and practice of traditional medicine in the treatment of cancers and inflammations by the Hausa and Fulani tribes of Northern Nigeria." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111, no. 3 (May 2007): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.011.
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Ashimi, Tijani Ahmad. "Representation of Islam and Shari‘ah by Nigerian Print Media An Analysis." Journal of Islam in Asia (E-ISSN: 2289-8077) 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2014): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jia.v10i2.401.
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Islam is one of the major religions in the contemporary Nigeria; it dominates in the north and holds strong numbers in the south western part of the country. The print media in general and some Nigerian newspapers in particular are known to have been fueling religious conflict and disharmony in Nigeria. The Nigerian newspapers depict Islamic sharʑah in a horribly negative manner. This article tries to highlight how some Nigerian newspapers purposely try to sabotage national harmony, on the one hand, and extend suggestions to Nigerian print media that can be utilized to strengthen and enhance religious tolerance, peace, harmony, and unity in Nigerian Society, on the other.
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Ibeachu, P. C., B. C. Didia, and A. O. Arigbede. "A Comparative Study of Palatal Rugae Patterns among Igbo and Ikwerre Ethnic Groups of Nigeria: A University of Port Harcourt Study." Anatomy Research International 2014 (September 8, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/123925.
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Background. Palatal rugae pattern of an individual is species specific and is said to be as unique as finger print. Aims and Objectives. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the rugae pattern of Igbo and Ikwerre populations in Nigeria for human identification purposes. Materials and Methods. The present study was conducted from random sampling of University of Port Harcourt students. A total number of 140 subjects (70 Igbos and 70 Ikwerres) of age bracket of 18–30 were used. Results. The different shapes of rugae were obviously observed with varying degrees of predominance among the two tribes. The most predominant patterns are wavy and curvy followed by straight. The Igbos were predominantly wavy while the Ikwerres were predominantly of curve and straight patterns. The Igbo males and females had more wavy pattern with percentage values of 51.6% and 59.9% which is significantly higher in proportion (P<0.05) as compared to the Ikwerre males and females with percentage values of 35.6% and 40.6%. On the other hand, Ikwerre males and females proved to be curve dominant with percentage values of 45.2% and 34.4% and this showed significant difference in proportion (P<0.05) as compared to the Igbo males and females with percentage curve values of 27.9% and 26.1%. Conclusion. The result obtained from this study is clear evidence of ethnic differences in relation to sex; hence the incidence of predominance is population dependent.
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Alemoh, Thomas Anomoaphe, and Comfort Ojoma Ukwela. "Trials and Triumphs of the Nigerian Media in the Quest for Nation-Building." Studies in Media and Communication 7, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v7i2.4429.
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There is no doubt that journalism has gained a foothold in Nigeria as a profession. From the colonial times to the present day, the Nigerian media, as an institution, has proved relevant in the gradual evolution into nationhood of the diverse entities that make up the nation. But one thing is glaring and that is: in spite of the enormous input the Nigerian press has made through an avalanche of sacrifices to the development of the nation, not much scholarly attention is accorded such feats.Emphasis tends to be more on the isolated cases of dysfunctional role the media has played as an institution in the Nigerian society. This paper seeks to redirect intellectual focus to an objective evaluation of the contributions the Nigerian media has made to the development of the country even though, as a caveat, the study does not intend to serve as an alibi for the shortcomings of the press in Nigeria.
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Okafor, Richard. "Popular Music in Nigeria: Patronising Attitude or Benign Complacency?" British Journal of Music Education 15, no. 2 (July 1998): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700009335.
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The development of musicians and the continuity of the musical art should be the main thrust of music education. The institutions of education should therefore be equipped to mould the development of music in society and to make the strongest input into musical expressions that are fashionable, acceptable and available. Formal music education came to Nigeria by way of Western institutions, drawing from the cultural traditions of Western societies. On the other hand, the media and other agencies have brought in other types of music acceptable in Western societies outside their academic sectors. Musical and cultural contact has given birth to the contemporary popular music of Nigeria that integrates Nigerian and non-Nigerian elements. With the growth of city life, commerce, industry and communication, this music has grown in popularity, in some cases sweeping every other thing aside. The attendant ‘pop phenomenon’ also means that cultural intrusion from outside Nigeria has grown more menacing. Who controls the popular music in Nigeria today? This paper tries to answer this question and in addition presents some data on the prevailing perspectives in the hope that the Nigerian Government and all music educators should range plans and solutions against them.
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Wandera, Moses. "Indigenous African Education for Socio- Economic Development." Msingi Journal 1, no. 1 (August 27, 2018): 267–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/mj.v1i1.64.
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Education in Africa has been in existence since time immemorial. This study sought to examine the activities of Lantana in Benin on their specialised training, Dogon of Mali in their world view, Futo Toro of Senegal in their various trades, Poro of Sierra Leone in the training of the youth, Takensi of Ghana in their social order and the Akan of Ghana. Also examined are the activities of the Chamba and Yoruba of Nigeria in their adult centred training and forecasting of the future respectively. The Chagga of Tanzania and the Abakwayaare were also examined on their initiative plays and economic activities. The paper also studied the Ndembu of Zambia on the past analysis and the activities of the Mijikenda of Kenya among other Kenyan tribes. The study used the theoretical framework of Emile Durkheim on the social and moral order, while the design of the study was on content analysis of available information and expectations. The study recommends positive approaches in the indigenouseducation that can be adapted, mainly for Kenya in its desire to achieve Vision 2030. However, further research should be done on specific values, foods, attitudes and the rule of law, how achieve social, political and economic progress in African nations and especially how the current economic integration blocks have followed the same pattern of the communities and their values.
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Lakai, Lohya Ibrahim. "The Role of International Institutions (E.G. World Bank) In Co-Financing Public Institutions in Nigeria: Obstacles and Challenges for an Effective and Transparent Procedure." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 6, no. 4 (2019): 577–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2019-4-577.
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Nigeria as a state is a member of many international institutions and organizations. Nigeria has also benefited from these institutions particularly financial institutions. For example, the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Paris club, The German Development Bank (KWF), African Development Bank, etc. through loans, grants and aid assisted the Nigerian Government in funding some projects and institutions. Despite this funding, Nigeria Institutions continues show little or no impact commensurate to the funding plunged. This work tries to discuss the role of international institutions in co-financing public institutions in Nigeria. In discussing the role of international institutions, the obstacles and challenges for an effective and transparent procedure will be considered as well as proffer solutions to them.
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Eriksson, A. W., C. Abbott, P. J. Kostense, and J. O. Fellman. "Secular Changes of Twinning Rates in Nordic Populations." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 44, no. 3-4 (October 1995): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000001562.
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In each species, natural selection has resulted in an optimal litter size, to ensure the largest average number of surviving offspring and the lowest maternal mortality. The terrestrial insectivores from which the primates evolved had large litters. It has been argued that in primates adaptation to an arboreal mode of life led to a reduction of litter size to a single offspring because of the difficulty of producting and caring for a large litter in a tree [6]. A recent critical survey of the literature indicates that twinning frequency in most nonhuman primates is lower than in man [20].There are clear ethnogeographic differences in the incidence of human twinning. Among peoples of Eastern Asia, multiple maternities are rare; in Japan for instance, the twinning rate is only 3-7 per mill, according both to the official statistics and hospital records. These low rates seem not to be caused by the facts that it is customary in Japan to have children very early in life or that twin births were at one time viewed with displeasure and concealed, or sometimes twins were even killed in some areas [21].In hospital series among some Negro tribes almost 10 times higher twinning frequencies than among Japanese have been reported e.g. the Yorubas in western Nigeria with values above 60 per mill [24]. However, where national birth statistics of Blacks are available, twinning is lower, e.g. in U.S.A. 13-15 per mill [1].
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Weimann, Gunnar J. "Divine Law and Local Custom in Northern Nigerian zinā Trials." Die Welt des Islams 49, no. 3-4 (2009): 429–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/004325309x12548128581063.
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AbstractThe introduction of Islamic criminal law in twelve northern states of the Nigerian federation after 1999 was widely perceived as an attempt to Islamise the Nigerian state. In this article it is argued that the “šarī'a project” started as a pre-election promise, but was immediately supported by Muslim reform groups whose aim was not the establishment of an Islamic state but rather the imposition of šarī'a compliant behaviour on Muslims. Particular emphasis was put on illicit sexual relations (zinā). However, Muslim societies of northern Nigeria have a notion of zinā which differs in important aspects from the classical doctrine, and certain forms of socially accepted extramarital sexuality still exist. Based on an analysis of a sample of šarī'a court trials for rape, sodomy, incest and zinā, it is shown that the judicial practice in šarī'a courts has helped to mitigate the effects of Islamic criminal law on the traditional societies in northern Nigeria. In particular, accusations based on suspicion and pregnancy out of wedlock as proof of zinā have been rejected by the courts, thereby confirming the privacy of the family compound and traditional conflict resolution through mediation. At the same time, male control over female sexuality has been strengthened.
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Martyn, Howard Lorne. "Looking for a Life: Nigerian Students Discuss Their Decisions to Study in China." Asian Social Science 15, no. 6 (May 31, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n6p30.
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The decision to migrate for (ostensibly) educational purposes, is often accompanied by psycho-social feelings of fear, sadness, guilt, pride, happiness and courage. In this report, which is part of a larger study concerning Nigerian student migration to China, five Nigerian university students discuss their motivations for leaving home and studying in China. Students were interviewed on several occasions either on the campus of their university in Guangdong province, China, or in another convenient location near the campus. Narratives were transcribed and examined for commonalities in terms of reasons given for leaving Nigeria, and affective psycho-social feelings surrounding students’ decisions. Narratives are presented in first person accounts and coded for categorical content and episodic form. Episodic form is then graphed, not for quantitative analysis, but to show the positive, neutral and negative affective emotion, displayed during discussions on specific topics. Results reveal a high degree of pride in personal ability, and in the industriousness of kin. They also reveal happiness and a sense of satisfaction by participants in moving their lives forward, and being able to help family members in Nigeria. However, there were also feelings of sadness, anger and frustration at Nigeria’s poor economy, which participants believe is the result of government ineptitude and corruption. This study is limited in that it only considers male Nigerian migrants of the Igbo tribe, studying in Guangdong province. Future researchers are advised to widen the geographical area, include other Nigerian tribal members, and women.
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Agnes, Aladesami Ọmọ́bọ́lá. "Colonization and Cultural Values of Yorùbá People: A Case of Traditional Drums in Yorùbá Land." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i2.2144.
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<p><em>Culture is one of the marks by which a community of people of a nation is normally identified. Culture is a phenomenon that distinguishes one ethnic tribe from the other. Various cultures can be identified among the people that are found in a particular community setting. Some cultures can be similar among different people but cultures that differ one from the other are peculiar to people of various tribes. Culture and tradition are sometimes used interchangeably. However, these two concepts have some differences. Tradition is rooted in religious beliefs of a people while culture is embedded in the social activities and social values of a people. Culture is multi-dimensional. Among the Yorùbá ethnic group of South Western Nigeria, there are different cultures that can be identified. Some of these cultures include but not limited to: tribal marks, mode of greetings, dressing/hairstyle and music in which drums are embedded. The focus of this paper is on the use of traditional drums among the Yorùbá. The paper shall examine the origin of drum beating, types of drums and the type of drum beating that is peculiar to each activity and the phenomenon of drum beating in the past and now. The paper discusses the influence the modern technological development has brought into the issue of traditional drums both in positive and negative ways. The paper concludes that this culture is gradually fading away among the Yorùbá people and observed that this is due to the fact that not much value is placed on Yorùbá culture anymore and this is very inimical to the socio-cultural belief of the people.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>culture, traditional Drums, technology, socio-cultural belief</em></p><p>_________________________________________</p><p>DOI > <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=10.24071%2Fjoll.2019.190214">https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190214</a></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p> </p>
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Njagi, Catherine Wambugu. "Combating Civil Wars in Africa." Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS) 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35544/jjeoshs.v4i1.34.
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The Twentieth and twenty first centuries have been described as the age of anxiety. This is largely due to the many civil wars and conflicts that have been prevalent in our contemporary world, and especially with special reference to Africa which is the worst hit. In particular, armed conflicts been witnessed in Angola, Ethiopia Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia and Sudan among others. Equally, civil wars have been witnessed in Angola, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Somalia and Sudan. Sadly, some of these States are at the verge of collapse due to the effect of these unfortunate civil wars and conflicts. Other countries that were affected by civil or ethnic conflicts, albeit at lower levels include: Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya, Nigeria, Togo, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Chad, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Malawi, Senegal, and South Africa. The latter has witnessed xenophobic attacks, especially in May 2008. Terrorism activities have also Increased, as it continues to create tensions among nations, religions, tribes and so on. To this end, this article seeks to explore the causes of civil wars and conflicts in Africa, that bleeds poverty on a mass scale. How can the church participate in curbing these wars and conflicts, and eventually usher-in sanity in these troubled waters? In its methodology, this article strives to redefine war and discusses the characteristics of modern warfare. Through an extensive review of relevant literature, the article has also attempted to explore the place of individual persons, the nation-states and the international network systems in combating civil wars; and lastly, it has endeavored to show the contribution of the church in wrestling out all forms of conflicts in the Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Ibrahim Salihu, Sani, Yuhanif Yusof, and Rohizan Halim. "Tracing the Weaknesses of the Regulatory Framework for Clinical Trial in Nigeria." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v1i2.10.
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Nigeria is one of the developing countries with a very weak and incomprehensive regulatory framework for clinical trials. Past abuses of human subjects in clinical trials and cases of negligence and outright fraud necessitate the need for a stronger legal framework. An outbreak of meningitis in Nigeria in 1996 led to clinical trial of Trovan Drugs by Pfizer, which left many of the research subjects seriously impaired. Some died while some suffered paralysis and brain damage. It was obvious Nigeria has a weak regulatory frame work from the incident that took place in the mentioned above at the Infectious Dieses Hospital (IDH) Kano. Available literatures have also shown that at the time of the trial in Kano, there was no ethics committee to ensure ethics review process and monitor the ongoing trial.
Objectives: This research aimed at examining the Nigerian regulatory framework to bring out its weaknesses. It will also examine the strength and weakness of the current regulatory agencies, and suggest better regulatory framework that will make Nigerians less vulnerable to manipulation and fraud in clinical trials.
Methodology: Library research is used to study both primary and secondary legal resources.
Finding: Lack of standard regulatory body and lack unified legal framework is the cause of failure to protect human subject in Nigeria.
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Weimann, Gunnar J. "An Alternative Vision of Sharia Application in Northern Nigeria: Ibrahim Salih’s Hadd Offences in the Sharia." Journal of Religion in Africa 40, no. 2 (2010): 192–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006610x500865.
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AbstractAfter Islamic criminal law was introduced in northern Nigeria in 1999/2000, sentences of amputation and stoning to death were handed down by Sharia courts. Within a short period of time, however, spectacular judgments became rare. Given the importance of religion in northern Nigerian politics, this development must have been supported by influential Muslim scholars. This article analyses an alternative vision of Sharia implementation proposed by influential Tijaniyya Sufi shaykh Ibrahim Salih. He calls for a thorough Islamisation of northern Nigerian society, relegating the enforcement of Islamic criminal law to the almost utopian state of an ideal Muslim community. In this way he not only seeks to accommodate the application of Islamic law with the realities of the multireligious Nigerian state but also tries to conserve the unity of Muslims in the face of a perceived threat for Nigeria’s Muslims of being dominated by non-Muslims in the country.
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Muhammad, Aisha Mustapha. "Divergent Struggles for Identity and Safeguarding Human Values: A Postcolonial Analysis of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 11, no. 2 (May 22, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v11.n2.p1.
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In the novel Adichie uncovers the characters’ struggles based on the loss of Identity and Human values which is basically the result of the Nigerian civil war. The characters strive to bring back what they lost due to the war. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie was born much later after the Nigerian civil war of 1966-1969. Chimamanda Adichie had the interest to revive history of the war; she used her imaginative talent in bringing what she hadn’t experienced. The novel Half of a Yellow Sun is a literary work which uses the theory of post-colonialism or post-colonial studies, it is a term that is used to analyze and explain the legacy of colonialism through the study of a particular book. Colonialism did not happen during the colonial era only but extended to after independence of the countries that were colonized. The novel Half of a Yellow Sun shows the effect of colonialism after independence of Nigeria. Adichie believes that by bringing back the issue of the war, the growing generation would understand more about the war. According to her in Nigeria the history taught in the primary and secondary schools is not complete, some parts were removed and nobody is allowed to talk about it. So through the novel, she tries to go through history to see what has happened, so that she can make the young generation understand history better. The book opens with a poem by Chinua Achebe about the Nigerian civil war.
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Nweke, Kenneth, and Eunice Etido-Inyang. "Issues of National Security and Human Rights in Nigeria: A Case Study of Islamic Movement of Nigeria." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 5, no. 11 (April 30, 2020): 653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.511.8171.
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This paper examined issues of national security and human rights in Nigeria with emphasis on the conflicts between the federal government and the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN). The objectives of the paper included to determine the nature of national security and human rights in Nigeria vis-à-vis the Islamic Movement of Nigeria; identity the contentious issues that triggered the conflicts and undermined national security and human rights between the federal government and the Islamic Movement of Nigeria; determine the implications of continued crackdown of IMN members and detention of their leader, El-Zakzaky and his wife on national security and human rights violations in Nigeria, and make necessary recommendations on how these issues can be amicably resolved without compromising national security and human rights of Nigerians, especially IMN members. This research has become imperative in view of the continued detention of Sheikh Ibrahim El-Zakzaky by the security operatives in Nigeria since 2015 in spite of court orders without concluding the trials. This has caused great concern to Nigerians with daily debates on the implications of this prolonged incarceration of the duo on national security and human rights in a democratic system of government. This paper was anchored on the “Family Theory in Clinical Practice”. The ‘Family Theory’ stressed the need to understand and consider the emotional functioning of a family or group as the basis for religious or political indoctrination, radicalisation, extremism and deviant behaviour that may be antagonistic to acceptable societal norms and values. This paper adopted descriptive research design. Data used for the study were gathered from secondary sources as content analysis was used in the interpretation of data. The paper found that the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) members were justified in their protest against military crackdown, detention and proscription. The paper observed that the over five year’s detention of Sheikh El-Zakzaky by the Nigerian government without trial amounts to the violation of his constitutionally guaranteed and legally protected human rights. This paper recommends the immediate and unconditional release of the Shiites leader from detention, speedy trial and respect for judicial pronouncements by the Nigerian government without compromising national security and human rights.
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Obianika, Chinwe E., and Mercy Agha Onu. "Acculturation of Knowledge through Sustainable Language Engineering for National Development: The Case of Igbo." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 17 (June 29, 2016): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n17p373.
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The aim of this study is to find out the possible ways of domesticating knowledge gained through western education by the Igbo through sustainable language development. It also aims to make the knowledge accessible in the Igbo language for empowerment at the grassroots and ultimately for societal and national development. The need for this work is born out of the observation that the Igbo, as well as other tribes in Nigeria are rich with internationally acclaimed learned personalities. These personalities have distinguished themselves in various fields of human endeavor. Also, these achievements are made in foreign languages. Subsequently, these achievements have led to an increase in the relevance of such languages to the relegation of the scholars’ own mother tongues and invariably their own people. By using the descriptive and inferential methods, the paper presents some neologism processes which non linguists can apply in their various academic fields. Also, they can come up with terminologies in the Igbo language for presenting relevant academic materials for use in teaching and learning the Igbo language. The use of these terminologies could be formal or informal as the need arises. Thus, these processes include extra-language borrowing, loan translations, intra-language borrowing, and specialization of dialectal phonological variants. Previously, metalanguage development efforts by governments had bypassed these professionals. Also, they have focused on developing the terminologies through linguists and selected professionals alone. This has resulted to the terminologies not being accessible to the intended end users. Among other things, this paper suggests that the call for the acculturation of knowledge and the processes of embarking on it should be made public in all institutions of higher education. This is carried out in the Igbo culture area and later extended to the Igbo in diaspora. However, the co-ordination of the process of the formalization of the terminologies should be left in the hands of the Igbo Studies Association (ISA). This official regulating body ensures the maintenance of professional standards and uniformity of usage.
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Magomedov, D. S. "Partnership of the USA and African Countries in the Fight Against Terrorism under the Administrations of J.W. Bush and Barack Obama." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 11, no. 5 (December 3, 2018): 164–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-5-164-181.
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The article examines the place of African countries in the US counter-terrorism strategy under the administrations of G.W. Bush and B. Obama. It is alleged that at the turn of the 2010-s the significance of this trend has increased due to the intensification of Islamists in the countries of West Africa and the new round of the civil war in Somalia. This led to an intensification of the military presence and tightened cooperation with the allies, on which the Americans also sought to entrust the main struggle against the radicals. There are several directions of counterterrorism policy: the provision of technical assistance to partner countries for the development of special forces; the building of subregional mechanisms for coordinating counter-terrorism actions; intensification of cooperation in the financial sphere; carrying out separate military operations, mainly by UAV forces. In the end, itwas the African direction that turned out to be the most successful example of Obama’s “leading from the behind” strategy. Despite the fact that under the influence of the Arab Spring and the rise of the ISIS in the Middle East in 2011-2014, there was an escalation of violence in the region, in general, the main goals of combating Islamist terrorism by the end of 2016 were achieved by the USA. In Somalia, Nigeria and Libya, Americans relied on the local forces concerned, restricting participation by coordinating allies, providing intelligence and striking individual blows. The French intervention in Mali in 2013 enabled the Europeans to shift the main burden of fighting local Islamists. In addition, Egypt, receiving abundant military assistance from the United States, did not allow the expansion of the ISIS’s zone of operations in the Sinai Peninsula, but it was not possible to fully cope with the small local branch due to the instability of relations with local tribes that remain outside the control of the central government.
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Azinge, E. C., M. Mabayoje, and L. C. Ward. "Body proportions in three Nigerian tribes." Acta Diabetologica 40 (October 1, 2003): s317—s319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-003-0097-8.
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Gidadawa, Zainab Sambo, and Mansur Bello Dogondaji. "Application of ICT in Nigerian Educational System for Achieving Sustainable Development." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 32 (June 2014): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.32.62.
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Information communication Technology (ICT) is an indispensable part of the contemporary world. Infact, culture and society have to be adjusted to meet the challenge of knowledge age. The pervasiveness of ICT has brought about rapid technological, social, political and economic transformation, which has eventuated in a network society organized around ICT. In view of the above therefore, the paper tries to highlight on the application of ICT in Nigerian educational system for achieving sustainable development. Also, the paper discusses the concept of ICT, sustainable development as well as the computer itself and its major components. Finally, the paper concludes on the challenges of ICT in Nigeria and some possible recommendations were offered.
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Nweke, Innocent Ogbonna. "Ozo title institution in Igbo land in relation to politics in Nigeria: A comparative analysis." OGIRISI: a New Journal of African Studies 15, no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/og.v15i1.6s.
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Politics, they said is a dirty game. One tends to disagree with this assertion because man is a political being and everything man does is all about politics. It depends on the intention, and how each plays his or her own. Ozo title is one of the political institutions in Igbo land. It will be worthy to mention that the Ozo title meant in this paper is the primordial or original Ozo title in Igbo land and not the adulterated Ozo title today. It is one of the institutions that helps in governance, controls different sectors of the Igbo man’s life and equally checkmates the excesses in the land. This work tries to look at the politics in the Nigerian setting and that of the Igbo land as being championed by Ozo title men. It x-rays their day-to-day activities and compares them. The work equally will be able to evaluate the two. During the evaluation, it was discovered that politics is not dirty, it was also discovered that since the Ozo title men play this politics and play it very well, it now boils down on the makeup of the individual and the intentions of the people in it. It however suggests that the Nigerian leaders or politicians should look at the Ozo title institution and what it is for the Igbo man and borrow a leaf from them. The paper uses socio-cultural approach in the work. The paper finally warns that the Ozo title as used in this study is the primodial one and not the adulterated one. Thus, if the politicians in Nigerian today borrow from the Ozo title men in Igbo land, politics in Nigeria will be a better and an interesting one.
Key words: Ozo title, Igbo land, Leadership, Politics, Nigeria
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Oyedeji, Babatunde. "Managing Tribalism within Nigeria’s Democratic Challenges." Modern Applied Science 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v11n11p49.
Full textAbstract:
Tribalism is coined from ‘tribes’, an alternative word for ethnic or linguistic groups or in some countries ‘nation’ or ‘nationality’. Tribes supply a lot of Nigeria’s diversity providing traditional costumes, dress, music, dancing, indigenous language, arts, folklore, religion, all of which can constitute an asset to a people. It is naturally regarded as a small group, a human social organization defined by ‘traditions of common descent’ having temporary or permanent political integration above the family level with a shared language, culture or ideology. Encyclopedia Britannica asserts that tribe members ‘share a tribe name in a contiguous territory, and engage in joint endeavours such as trade, agriculture, house construction, warfare, economic and business activities and warfare. They often stay in small cluster-communities which can grow into large communities and even a nation. This paper attempts to critically examine the multiple play-outs of Nigeria’s many tribes and nationalities during and after colonialism, the intricate connection between tribalism and politics, leadership and the evolution of the Nigerian polity, the grievous harm as well as advantages of tribalism to Nigeria’s evolution. The tribe is always a major factor in the country and in its people. It ends with specific prognosis and a few recommendations.
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Fakuade, Gbenga. "A Three-Language Formula for Nigeria." Language Problems and Language Planning 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.13.1.07fak.
Full textAbstract:
RESUMO Trilingva formulo por Niĝerio: Problemoj de plenumado Klopodoj atingi unuecon en Niĝerio per utiligo de tri ĉefaj lingvoj, la joruba, haǔsa kaj igba, kiel preskribite en Politiko de la Federacia Registaro de 1977, verŝajne ne suk-cesos. Kvankam ja temas pri la tri plej vaste parolataj lingvoj, la lingvoj en Nigerio estas tribe ligitaj, kaj multaj aliaj triboj estas ellasitaj. La haǔsa estas vaste parolata en la nordo, kaj ĝia rolo kiel perilo larĝiĝas. La joruba ankaǔ posedas rekonitan normigitan version kaj estas ofte lernata de enmigrantoj al Niĝerio. La igba prezentas pli grandan problemon ĉar mankas interkonsento pri rekono de norma formo. Ĝis nun oni ne realigis la politikon pro manko de instruistoj, sed verŝajne parolantoj de aliaj lingvoj rezistus la devigan lernadon de unu el la tri plej grandaj, kaj denaskaj parolantoj de unu el tiuj tri rezistus lernadon de unu el la aliaj. Ŝtataj lingvaj politikoj ne ĉiam kongruiĝas kun la federacia politiko. La sola solvo ŝajnas konservi la anglan kiel interlingvon. SOMMAIRE Une formule à trois langues pour le Nigeria: Problèmes et mise en oeuvre Les efforts vers l'unité du Nigeria grâce à l'usage de trois langues principales, le Yoruba, le Hausa et l'Igbo, efforts stipulés dans un programme du gouvernement fédéral datant de 1977, ont peu de chance d'aboutir. Bien que ces trois langues soient très largement parlées, les autres langues du Nigeria, limitées aux tribus qui les utilisent, sont tout à fait laissées pour compte dans ce programme. Le Hausa est largement parlé dans le nord du pays, a développé son influence en tant que langue véhiculaire et possède une forme standard acceptée. Le Yoruba également possède une forme standard et se trouve être la langue qu'apprennent souvent les immigrants au Nigeria. L'Igbo présente un problème plus important à cause de la controverse au sujet de la reconnaissance d'une forme standard. Jusqu'ici, le programme du gouvernement n'a pas pu être entrepris à cause du manque d'enseignants, mais il est fort probable que les nigériens parlant les autres langues du pays opposent une certaine résistance à l'instruction forcée d'une des trois langues principales; il est également probable que ceux dont la langue maternelle est l'une de ces trois langues refuseront d'apprendre l'une des autres. Les lois concernant les langues ne suivent pas toujours celles du gouvernement. La seule solution semble être de maintenir l'anglais comme langue véhiculaire.