Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trichomonase

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trichomonase'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trichomonase"

1

KUTISOVA, K., J. KULDA, I. CEPICKA, J. FLEGR, B. KOUDELA, J. TERAS, and J. TACHEZY. "Tetratrichomonads from the oral cavity and respiratory tract of humans." Parasitology 131, no. 3 (June 10, 2005): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182005008000.

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To clarify the taxonomy of trichomonads associated with human respiratory diseases, we examined a collection of axenic trichomonad strains isolated from the oral cavity and bronchi of patients from pulmonary diseases clinics in Tallin, Estonia. The oral and bronchial strains were compared mutually as well as with a reference strain of Trichomonas tenax, a common inhabitant of the human oral cavity, and other trichomonad species from humans and animals. Unexpectedly, the morphological studies, as well as DNA sequencing of ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 regions revealed that the Estonian strains belong to the genus Tetratrichomonas, with a high similarity to the avian species Tetratrichomonas gallinarum. None of the strains belonged to Trichomonas tenax. DNA fingerprinting using the RAPD method separated Estonian strains into 2 distinct groups: ‘bronchial’ consisting of 5 and 2 strains isolated from bronchi and ‘oral’ cavity, respectively, and oral consisting of 3 oral strains. Consistent differences between ‘bronchial’ and ‘oral’ groups were confirmed by analysis of ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 sequences. Our results have revealed novel trichomonad species of the human oral cavity and bronchi.
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2

TASCA, T., C. D. BONAN, G. A. DE CARLI, J. J. F. SARKIS, and J. F. ALDERETE. "Heterogeneity in extracellular nucleotide hydrolysis among clinical isolates ofTrichomonas vaginalis." Parasitology 131, no. 1 (March 7, 2005): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182005007377.

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Trichomonas vaginalisis a parasitic protozoan that causes trichomonosis, a sexually-transmitted disease, with serious sequelae to women and men. As the host–parasite relationship is complex, it is important to investigate biochemical aspects of the parasite that contribute to our understanding of trichomonal biology and pathogenesis. Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase 1), which hydrolyses extracellular ATP and ADP, and ecto-5′-nucleotidase, which hyrolyses AMP, have been characterized in laboratory isolates ofT. vaginalis. Here we show that the extracellular ATP[ratio ]ADP hydrolysis ratio varies among fresh clinical isolates, which presented higher ATPase and ADPase activities than long-term-grown isolates. Growth of parasites in iron-replete and iron-depleted medium resulted in different, albeit minor, patterns in extracellular ATP and ADP hydrolysis among isolates. Importantly, some isolates had low or absent ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity, regardless of environmental conditions tested. For isolates with ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity, high- and low-iron trichomonads had increased and decreased levels of activity, respectively, compared to organisms grown in normal TYM-serum medium. This suggests a regulation in expression of either the enzyme amounts and/or activity under the control of iron. Finally, we found no correlation between the presence or absence of dsRNA virus infection among trichomonad isolates and NTPDase and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activities.
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3

Potamianos, Spyros, Peter R. Mason, John S. Read, and Silas Chikunguwo. "Lysis of erythrocytes by Trichomonas vaginalis." Bioscience Reports 12, no. 5 (October 1, 1992): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01121502.

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The in vitro hemolytic activity of 4 isolates of Trichomonas vaginalis was investigated. Repetitive hemolysis assays of any one isolate showed cyclical fluctuations in hemolytic activity, varying over 24 hr of continuous culture. Maximal hemolytic activity was detected using trichomonads in the lag phase of the growth cycle. Investigations showed that hemolysis was a contact-dependent phenomenon and microscopic investigation of samples showed a significant correlation between hemolysis and attachment of erythrocytes to the trichomonad surface. Quantitative data from cytoadherence assays using [51Cr]-labeled erythrocytes were consistent with these observations. It is suggested that hemolytic activity is dependent upon adherence of red blood cells to the surface of T. vaginalis.
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4

Lehker, M. W., R. Arroyo, and J. F. Alderete. "The regulation by iron of the synthesis of adhesins and cytoadherence levels in the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 2 (August 1, 1991): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.2.311.

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Levels of adherence of Trichomonas vaginalis to epithelial cells was found to be modulated by iron. Cytoadherence values were greater than or equal to twofold higher for trichomonads grown in a complex cultivation medium supplemented with iron. This increase in adherence levels was specifically mediated by iron; parasites cultured in a low-iron medium in the presence of salts other than iron were unresponsive to changes in adherence levels. Expression of the higher adherence property, by parasites grown first in low-iron medium followed by supplementation with iron, was a function of time, and the extent of cytoadherence was proportional to the concentration of iron added to the medium. Lactoferrin, an important iron source for trichomonads at the site of infection, elevated adherence of the parasite to epithelial cells, demonstrating the likely in vivo modulation of adherence by iron. The alteration of levels of adherence caused by iron was determined to be a reflection of gene expression of previously characterized trichomonad adhesins. Parasites grown under iron-replete conditions had higher quantities of surface-exposed adhesins, and this was a result of increased synthesis of adhesins. Actinomycin D and alpha-amanitin prevented expression of adhesin molecules, which resulted in decreased cytoadherence, showing that adhesin synthesis was dependent on gene transcription. Data indicated that genes encoding the four trichomonad adhesins are coordinately regulated by iron.
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5

OZPINAR, Necati, Hulya OZPINAR, Nuraniye ERUYGUR, and Tuğba KAYA. "EVALUATION OF ANTI-TRICHOMONASE ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF HYPERICUM SCABRUM L." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS 34 (2020): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17363/sstb.2020.34.2.

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6

Lehker, M. W., T. H. Chang, D. C. Dailey, and J. F. Alderete. "Specific erythrocyte binding is an additional nutrient acquisition system for Trichomonas vaginalis." Journal of Experimental Medicine 171, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 2165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.171.6.2165.

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Specific receptor-mediated binding by Trichomonas vaginalis of human erythrocytes was demonstrated. The ability of live parasites to internalize erythrocytes was also documented. In vitro growth assays during lipid-free and iron-limiting conditions that do not support the survival of T. vaginalis organisms showed that purified erythrocyte lipids and hemoglobin were each able to provide lipids and/or hemoglobin iron for trichomonal growth and multiplication. Parasites bound hemoglobin in a highly specific receptor-mediated fashion, and only the homologous unlabeled hemoglobin, but not lactoferrin and transferrin, competed with iodinated hemoglobin binding. Two antibody-crossreactive surface proteins of the parasites were identified as adhesins, and antibody to the individual adhesins inhibited T. vaginalis recognition and binding of erythrocytes. Finally, patient sera possessed antibody to the adhesins, showing the immunogenic nature and in vivo relevance of the trichomonad proteins during infection.
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7

Morton, O. "Neotran® – A New Double-Active Pessary for the Treatment of Vaginitis." Journal of International Medical Research 21, no. 1 (January 1993): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059302100104.

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The common causes of vaginitis have changed in recent years. Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis is much less frequent than it used to be. The most common causes of vaginitis are candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis due to infection with mixed bacterial flora. In general practice, treatment of vaginitis is often begun before microbiological confirmation of the diagnosis is available. A vaginal pessary has been formulated to provide an effective therapy in all three forms of vaginitis mentioned above. This formulation, Neotran®, is believed to be the first pessary to contain both metronidazole and miconazole. In vivo and in vitro studies showed Neotran® to be effective against Candida albicans and mixed bacterial flora. Neotran® was shown, in vitro, to be active against Trichomonas but, because of the current rarity of trichomonal infection in the UK, it was not possible to show its effectiveness against Trichomonas in vivo. In a general-practice clinical trial of the treatment of vaginitis in 80 patients, Neotran® pessaries achieved a microbiological resolution rate of 83% in those patients who were bacteriologically evaluable and was well tolerated. Overall clinical evaluation of the patients showed the condition to be resolved in 73% of patients, improved in 21% and unchanged in 6%. Die gewöhnlichen Ursachen von Vaginitis haben sich in den vergangenen Jahren geändert. Eine Infektion mit Trichomonas vaginalis ist viel seltener als früher. Die gewöhnlichsten Ursachen von Vaginitis sind Candidiase und bakterielle Vaginose aufgrund von Infektionen mit gemischter bakterieller Flora. In der Allgemeinmedizin wird die Behandlung von Vaginitis oft begonnen, bevor eine mikrobiologische Bestätigung der Diagnose zur Verfügung steht. Es wurde ein Scheidenpessar hergestellt, um eine wirksame Behandlung aller der drei oben angegebenen Arten von Vaginitis zu ermöglichen. Es besteht die Meinung, daβ Neotran®, eine Mischung nach Formel, das erste Pessar ist, das sowohl Metronidazole als auch Miconazole enthält. Studien in vivo und in vitro zeigten, daβ Neotran® gegen Candida albicans und gemischte bakterielle Flora wirksam ist. Neotran® erwies sich in vitro aktiv gegen Trichomonas, es war aber wegen der derzeitigen Seltenheit von trichomonalen Infektionen in Groβbritannien nicht möglich, ihre Wirksamkeit gegen Trichomonas in vivo aufzuzeigen. In klinischen Versuchen, die in der Allgemeinmedizin bei der Behandlung von Vaginitis ausgeführtwurden, bewirkten die Neotran®-Pessare bei 80 Patienten eine mikrobiologische Auflösungsrate von 83% bei jenen Patienten, die bakteriologisch bewertet werden konnten, und sie wurden gut toleriert. Eine allgemeine klinische Bewertung der Patienten zeigte, daβ der Zustand bei 73% der Patienten geheilt, bei 21% verbessert und bei 6% unverändert war. Son yillarda vajinitis'in bilinen yaygin sebeplerinde değişLmeler olmuşLtur. Trichomonas vaginalis ile oluşLan vajinitis artik eskisine oranla çok seyrek olarak görülmektedir. Vajinitis'in en yaygin sebepleri; candidiasis ve karişLik flora ile oluşLmuşL enfeksiyona bağli bakteriyel vajinosistir. Klinik uyğulamada, vajinitis'in tedavisi genellikle, daha mikrobiyolojik kültür sonucu gelmeden başLlar. Yukarida siralanan üç vajinitis türüne etkili olabilecek yeni bir vajinal ovül tedavi hizmetine sunulmuşLtur. Bu ovül Neotran® olup, hem metranidazol hem de micanozole işLeren ilk ovüldür. In vivo ve in vitro araşLtirmalar Neotran®’ in hem Candida albicans'a hem de karişLik flora bakterilerine karşLi etkili olduğunu göstermişLter. Neotran®'in ashnda in vitro olarak Trichomonas'a karşLi da etkili olduğu araşLtirmalar sonucunda ortaya çikmişLtir; ama Ingiltere'de trikomonal enfeksiyon çok seyrek olduğu için, in vivo olarak bu etkinliği göstermek mümkün olmamişLtir. Seksen hastayi içine alan bir araşLtirmada Neotran®, hastalarin %83’ ünde mikrobiyolojik düzelme sağlamişLtir. Ayrica bu hastalar Neotran®’ i iyi tolere etmişLtir. Bu hastalarin genel değerlendirmeleri sonucunda %73 vakada klinik şLikayetlerin kaybolduğu, %6’ sinda hiç bir değişLme olmadiği ve %21’ inde şLikayetlerin kismen iyileşLtiği görülmüşLtür.
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8

Miranda-Ozuna, Jesús F. T., Luis Alberto Rivera-Rivas, Rosa Elena Cárdenas-Guerra, Mar Sarai Hernández-García, Sarahí Rodríguez-Cruz, Arturo González-Robles, Bibiana Chavez-Munguía, and Rossana Arroyo. "Glucose-restriction increasesTrichomonas vaginaliscellular damage towards HeLa cells and proteolytic activity of cysteine proteinases (CPs), such as TvCP2." Parasitology 146, no. 9 (March 12, 2019): 1156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000209.

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AbstractTrichomonas vaginalisinduces cellular damage to the host cells (cytotoxicity) through the proteolytic activity of multiple proteinases of the cysteine type (CPs). Some CPs are modulated by environmental factors such as iron, zinc, polyamines, etc. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the effect of glucose onT. vaginaliscytotoxicity, proteolytic activity and the particular role of TvCP2 (TVAG_057000) during cellular damage. Cytotoxicity assays showed that glucose-restriction (GR) promotes the highest HeLa cell monolayers destruction (~95%) by trichomonads compared to those grown under high glucose (~44%) condition. Zymography and Western blot using different primary antibodies showed that GR increased the proteolytic activity, amount and secretion of certain CPs, including TvCP2. We further characterized the effect of glucose on TvCP2. TvCP2 increases in GR, localized in vesicles close to the plasma membrane and on the surface ofT. vaginalis. Furthermore, pretreatment of GR-trichomonads with an anti-TvCP2r polyclonal antibody specifically reduced the levels of cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction to HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, our data show that GR, as a nutritional stress condition, promotes trichomonal cytotoxicity to the host cells, increases trichomonad proteolytic activity and amount of CPs, such as TvCP2 involved in cellular damage.
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9

Friedman, Mendel, Christina C. Tam, Jong H. Kim, Sydney Escobar, Steven Gong, Max Liu, Xuan Yu Mao, et al. "Anti-Parasitic Activity of Cherry Tomato Peel Powders." Foods 10, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020230.

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Trichomoniasis in humans, caused by the protozoal parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease, while Tritrichomonas foetus causes trichomonosis, an infection of the gastrointestinal tract and diarrhea in farm animals and domesticated cats. As part of an effort to determine the inhibitory effects of plant-based extracts and pure compounds, seven commercially available cherry tomato varieties were hand-peeled, freeze-dried, and pounded into powders. The anti-trichomonad inhibitory activities of these peel powders at 0.02% concentration determined using an in vitro cell assay varied widely from 0.0% to 66.7% against T. vaginalis G3 (human); from 0.9% to 66.8% for T. foetus C1 (feline); and from 0.0% to 81.3% for T. foetus D1 (bovine). The organic Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (D) peels were the most active against all three trichomonads, inhibiting 52.2% (G3), 66.8% (C1), and 81.3% (D1). Additional assays showed that none of the powders inhibited the growth of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, pathogenic fungi, or non-pathogenic lactobacilli. Tomato peel and pomace powders with high content of described biologically active compounds could serve as functional food and feed additives that might help overcome adverse effects of wide-ranging diseases and complement the treatment of parasites with the anti-trichomonad drug metronidazole.
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10

Mendoza-López, M. Remedios, Cecilia Becerril-Garcia, Loriz V. Fattel-Facenda, Leticia Avila-Gonzalez, Martha E. Ruíz-Tachiquín, Jaime Ortega-Lopez, and Rossana Arroyo. "CP30, a Cysteine Proteinase Involved inTrichomonas vaginalis Cytoadherence." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 4907–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.9.4907-4912.2000.

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ABSTRACT We describe here the participation of a Trichomonas vaginalis 30-kDa proteinase (CP30) with affinity to the HeLa cell surface in attachment of this parasite to host epithelial cells. The CP30 band is a cysteine proteinase because its activity was inhibited by E-64, a thiol proteinase inhibitor. In two-dimensional substrate gel electrophoresis of total extracts of the trichomonad isolate CNCD 147, three spots with proteolytic activity were detected in the 30-kDa region, in the pI range from 4.5 to 5.5. Two of the spots (pI 4.5 and 5.0) bound to the surfaces of fixed HeLa cells corresponding to the CP30 band. The immunoglobulin G fraction of the rabbit anti-CP30 antiserum that recognized a 30-kDa band by Western blotting and immunoprecipitated CP30 specifically inhibited trichomonal cytoadherence to HeLa cell monolayers in a concentration-dependent manner and reacted with CP30 at the parasite surface. CP30 degraded proteins found on the female urogenital tract, including fibronectin, collagen IV, and hemoglobin. Interestingly, CP30 digested fibronectin and collagen IV only at pH levels between 4.5 and 5.0. Moreover, trichomonosis patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by in vitro culture possessed antibody to CP30 in both sera and vaginal washes, and CP30 activity was found in vaginal washes. Our results suggest that surface CP30 is a cysteine proteinase necessary for trichomonal adherence to human epithelial cells.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trichomonase"

1

Duboucher, Christophe. "Contribution à l'étude des trichomonoses pulmonaires." Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL2S034.

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A ce jour, les trichomonadines (appelées communément trichomonas) n'ont qu'une place très limitée en pathologie humaine, à l'exception de Trichomonas vaginalis (T. Vaginalis) au niveau du tractus génito-urinaire. La présence de trichomonadines dans les voies respiratoires a parfois été signalée chez des patients présentant des pathologies broncho-pulmonaires chroniques. Ayant été confrontés à quelques cas privilégiés de la sphère ORL puis de la pathologie respiratoire, il nous est apparu que la situation était tout à fait différente. Tout d'abord, nous avons étudié la prévalence de l'infection à trichomonadines chez les patients atteints de pneumonie à Pneumocystis jirovecii. Les cytospins de lavages bronchoalvéolaires archivés sur une période de 10 ans ont été revues. De façon surprenante, il est apparu que l'association des deux agents pathogènes y est fréquente: 60% de l'ensemble des PcP sont co-infectées. L'association apparaît systématique dans le PcP riches en Pneumocystis (réf 2 et 7). La maladie pulmonaire "pneumonie à pneumocystis" (PcP) peut donc être considérée comme une co-infection à Pneumocystis et à trichomonadine. Le développement de la trichomonadine au sein de l'alvéole pulmonaire ne serait pas lié directement à l'immunodépression, mais plutôt à l'environnement local particulier induit par la croissance du champignon. Nous avons aussi recherché la prévalence de l'infection à trichomonadine chez les patients atteints d'affection respiratoire grave hospitalisés dans une unité de réanimation polyvalente. Nous avons retrouvé une prévalence de 30% au cours du syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë (SDRA). Il est apparu que l'incidence augmente avec la durée d'évolution de l'oedème lésionnel, atteignant 65% au-delà du 5ème jour. Ainsi, cette surinfection se présente comme une évolution naturelle du SDRA (réf 6). La surinfection à trichomonadines apparaît bien dans un second temps, favorisée par les conditions locales à l'intérieur de la lumière alvéolaire (hypoventilation, débris organiques). Ces conditions locales sont aussi présentes au cours de la PcP et doivent être favorables au développement de ce parasite microaérophile. Cette surinfection lors des SDRA renforce l'idée que la trichomonadine manifeste un opportunisme de condition locale, et non de condition générale - telle que l'immunodépression - ainsi que le font la plupart des agents infectieux opportunistes (réf 4 et 5). Dans deux cas, la trichomonadine co-infectant une PcP a pu être identifiée par PCR suivie de séquençage de l' ARNr 16S ou de l'ARNr 5. 8S. Il s'agissait de T. Vaginalis dans le premier cas, et de Tritrichomonas foetus (T. Foetus) dans l'autre cas (réf 1 et 3). Concernant ce second cas, l'origine de cette trichomonadine, qui est connue chez les ruminants, est restée imprécise. Une espèce proche du T. Foetus bovin, mais adaptée à l'homme, n'est pas écartée. L'identification de ces deux espèces va à l'encontre de l'opinion que seul Trichomonas tenax, saprophyte de la cavité buccale, pourrait se développer dans le système respiratoire. T. Vaginalis et T. Foetus ont en commun d'être des pathogènes au niveau des voies génito-urinaires de l'humain et du bovin respectivement. La poursuite (en projet) de l'identification de la trichomonadine co-infectant la PcP ou surinfectant le SDRA pourrait confirmer l'impression que les trichomonadines en cause sont des espèces zoonotiques ou non décrites à ce jour. Le dernier volet a été la recherche d'un système de détection et de typage des trichomonadines dans les échantillons biologiques à l'aide de sondes oligonucléotidiques en hybridation in situ chromogénique (HISC). Différentes sondes, complémentaires de l'ARNr 16S et spécifiques de la classe Trichomonadida ou de ses genres et espèces, ont été testées et ont pu marquer les trichomonadines dans les échantillons cytologiques (réf 6). La transposition aux prélèvements solides, formolés et inclus en paraffine, n'est pas au point à ce jour. Par contre, avec des sondes complémentaires de séquences répétées présentes dans le génome de T. Vaginalis, des marquages ont été obtenus sur coupe en paraffine. Dans l'avenir, la réalisation de marquages en HISC devrait permettre de compléter la liste des conditions où les trichomonadines peuvent être impliquées. L'HISC sur coupe tissulaire devrait par ailleurs permettre de préciser visuellement les rapports entre le parasite et l'environnement, et donc de préjuger l'éventuelle action pathogène du parasite.
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2

Malli, Sophia. "Formulations multifonctionnelles pour le traitement des infections parasitaires cutanéo-muqueuses." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS043.

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Ce projet vise à proposer des nouveaux candidats médicaments pour lutter contre les infections parasitaires cutanéo-muqueuses qui représentent un problème de santé majeur. C’est notamment le cas de la Trichomonose urogénitale et la leishmaniose cutanée.Malheureusement, l’administration systémique de première intention par le métronidazole (MTZ) pour traiter la trichomonose urogéntitale occasionne des problèmes de résistances et des effets secondaires indésirables. Ainsi, nous avons développé de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques en ciblant à la fois les mécanismes pharmacologiques et physiques de l’infection par Trichomonas vaginalis. Après avoir réussi à augmenter la solubilité apparente du MTZ dans l’eau en utilisant une beta-cyclodextrine méthylée, nous l’avons formulé dans un hydrogel thermosensible et mucoadhésif composé de pluronic® F127 et d’un biopolymère cationique et mucoadhésif, le chitosane. Cette formulation est spécifiquement adaptée à une application topique tout en offrant un contrôle de la libération du MTZ et une réduction de son passage systémique à travers la muqueuse vaginale. La viscosité élevée de l’hydrogel à température corporelle nous a conduit à étudier son effet sur la mobilité du protozoaire Trichomonas vaginalis. Il s’agit d’une stratégie physique d’immobilisation du parasite en parallèle à la chimiothérapie par le MTZ. Le suivi des trajectoires des parasites par vidéo-microscopie a montré la capacité de l’hydrogel seul ou en association avec le chitosane à immobiliser complètement T. vaginalis et à inhiber son attachement à la muqueuse. Ces évaluations ont été réalisées chez la souris. Cependant, le chitosane seul n’a pas permis d’immobilier les parasites et n’a pas montré une activité anti-T. vaginalis propre. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes inspirés des travaux antérieurs menés par notre équipe sur le développement de formulations à base de chitosane, et plus particulièrement des nanoparticules (NPs) composées de poly(isobutylcyanoacrylates) recouvertes de chitosane. Ces NPs ont une activité trichomonacide propre, même sans rajouter des substances actives, alors que des NPs sans chitosane étaient inactives. Nous avons étudié le mécanisme d’action et nous avons montré une meilleure internalisation des NPs lorsqu’elles étaient recouvertes de chitosane. Ces NPs ont provoqué des altérations morphologiques drastiques de la membrane du parasite. Cette activité pourrait être due en partie à l’interaction électrostatique entre la surface de T. vaginalis chargée négativement et les NPs recouvertes de chitosane cationique.Dans le but d’élargir le champ des applications de ces NPs à d’autres parasites, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évaluation de leur effet anti-leishmanien vis-à-vis de Leishmania major. En effet, le chitosane connu pour ces propriétés cicatrisantes nous a paru particulièrement adapté pour cette pathologie. Nous avons ainsi montré in vitro et in vivo que les NPs recouvertes de chitosane avaient une activité anti-L. major propre, sans ajouter de substances actives. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons décidé de nous orienter vers des particules de formes allongées et d’évaluer leur activité anti-leishmanienne. Ces particules appelées « plaquettes » sont constituées d’assemblages de chitosane hydrophobisé avec l’acide oléique et l’alpha-cyclodextrine dans l’eau. Cette stratégie nous a paru intéressante pour améliorer l’interaction des plaquettes avec la membrane de L. major, vue que ces parasites sont également de morphologie non-sphérique. Les résultats histologiques et immunohistochimiques des lésions cutanées ont montré une diminution significative du granulome inflammatoire et une réduction de la charge parasitaire par rapport à l'amphotéricine B seule utilisée comme référence.En conclusion, au cours de cette thèse, plusieurs formulations ont été développées et ont montré des efficacités biologiques en agissant sur des mécanismes pharmacologiques et/ou physiques des parasites
This project aims at developing new therapeutic strategies against parasitic muco-cutaneous infections such as urogenital trichomonosis and cutaneous leishmaniasis which still represents a major health problem worldwide.Unfortunately, metronidazole (MTZ) is a first-line systemic treatment for urogenital trichomoniasis that causes resistance and side effects. We have thus developed new strategies by acting on both the pharmacological and the physical mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. After a successfull increase of the apparent solubility of MTZ in water using a methylated -cyclodextrin, we formulated it in a thermosensitive and mucoadhesive hydrogel composed of pluronic® F127 and a cationic and mucoadhesive biopolymer, chitosan. This formulation is specifically adapted for topical application providing a control of MTZ release and reduction of its systemic passage through the vaginal mucosa.Then, the ability of the high viscosity hydrogel to immobilize T. vaginalis was investigated by video-microscopy. Monitoring the trajectories of each parasite by multiple particle tracking showed the ability of the hydrogel alone or in combination with chitosan to completely immobilize T. vaginalis and to inhibit parasite attachment to the mucosa. These evaluations were performed on mice experimental model. However, chitosan alone did not allow parasite immobilization and did not show any anti-T. vaginalis activity. In this context, we were inspired by previous works conducted by our team on the development of formulations based on chitosan, and more particularly nanoparticles (NPs) composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylates) coated with chitosan. These NPs have their own trichomonacidal activity, even without adding active substances, while NPs without chitosan were inactive. Investigated of the mechanism of the activity showed better internalization of NPs when coated with chitosan. These NPs caused drastic morphological alterations on the parasite membrane. This activity could be due to the electrostatic interaction between negatively charged T. vaginalis surface and cationic chitosan coated NPs.In order to broaden the applications of these NPs to other parasites, we were interested in evaluating the anti-L. major activity of NPs coated or not with chitosan. Indeed, chitosan known for its healing properties could be particularly adapted for this pathology. We thus showed in vitro and in vivo that NPs coated with chitosan had intrinsic anti-L. major activity without adding any drug. In a second step, we decided to design chitosan elongated particles and to evaluate their anti-leishmanial activity. These particles called "platelets" are composed of chitosan hydrophobically-modified with oleic acid and cyclodextrin in water. This strategy could be interesting to improve the interaction of platelets with the L. major membrane, as these parasites had also non-spherical morphology. The histological and immunohistochemical results of skin lesions showed a significant decrease in inflammatory granuloma and a reduction in parasitic load compared with amphotericin B alone, used as a reference.In conclusion, during this thesis, several formulations were developed and showed biological activities by acting on pharmacological and/or physical mechanisms of the parasites
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Chapman, A. "Biochemistry of Trichomonas vaginalis." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373578.

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Zuo, Yuting. "Trichomonas vaginalis cell cycle studies /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9301.

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Patel, Nimisha Navinchandra. "Expression and analysis of a legumain from trichomonas vaginalis." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/733.

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Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus are the etiologic agents of human and bovine trichomoniasis, respectively. As microaerophilic protozoans; both share a wide array of clinical manifestations ranging from vaginitis to abnormal pregnancies. Human trichomoniasis receives minimal public health attention despite of its worldwide high prevalence rate. Emerging evidence of metronidazole-resistant T vaginalis strains facilitates a concern to understand this protozoan. Cysteine proteases have been implicated as important virulence factors produced by T vagina/is. This study explores the expression of one particular legumain-like cysteine protease known as Tv AE 1. Furthermore, it highlights the relationship between inhibitory effects of trichomonal cells caused by sanguinarine and chelerythrine. A system for obtaining legumains by expressing it in methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastor is, has been described. The recombinant legumains were produced and processed by the yeast to their inactive and mature forms. Secondly, T foetus cells were transfected with TvAEl construct. Localization and enzymatic studies on legumains will provide evidence into the pathogenicity ofT vagina/is. This study revealed the vesicularization of recombinantly unprocessed TvAEl proteins. Thirdly, plant derived compounds, sanguinarine (SA) and chelerythrine (CHE) were assessed in vitro for their inhibitory effects against T vagina/is and T. foetus. Treatment of SA and CHE for 24 h led to a significant inhibitory growth of in vitro cultures for all three trichomonal strains, G3, Tl and Dl, compared to untreated cells. For these bovine and human trichomonal strains, SA was slightly more effective inhibitor than CHE. With IC5o values between 3 - 8 micromolar for the alkaloids, CHE had less inhibitory effect compared to SA. These findings are significant considering the association between cysteine pro teases and trichomoniasis. Further elucidation of the exact anti protozoal mechanism of both compounds toward legumains may lead to the development of these potent agents against trichomonads.
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Bradley, Peter John. "Hydrogenosomal protein import in Trichomonas vaginalis." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 1997. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=736748871&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Jauregui, Jose. "Auranofin Targets Thioredoxin Reductases in Trichomonas vaginalis." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2976.

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Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic, parasitic protozoan, responsible for trichomoniasis, the world’s most common, non-viral sexually transmitted infection. Lacking many of the defenses present in other organisms to combat oxidative stress, Trichomonas vaginalis relies extensively on the thioredoxin system—NADPH, thioredoxin reductase, and thioredoxin—as a means to protect against exposure to excess oxygen. Current trichomoniasis treatment relies exclusively on the 5-nitroimidazole drugs, but fear of drug-resistant strains and allergic reactions to 5-nitroimidazole treatment necessitate the discovery of a new treatment method for trichomoniasis. Previous research has shown that auranofin, an FDA-approved drug, was effective at inhibiting activity of one of Trichomonas vaginalis’ isoforms of thioredoxin reductase (of which the organism has five total). Our research showed that only two of the isoforms were transcribed and expressed at high levels, and that both of these isoforms were susceptible to auranofin treatment. Not only that, these two isoforms were also shown to be susceptible to various auranofin analogs, having comparable or lower IC50 values. Further tests on these analogs might show that they are actually better treatment candidates if they exhibit less symptoms than auranofin. Experiments examining how mRNA and protein levels were modulated in response to two different concentrations of auranofin treatment showed that while some isoforms show increased levels, no one isoform experienced any drastic changes. Together, this data suggests that further studies should focus on these two most highly expressed isoforms of thioredoxin reductase.
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Petrin, Dino P. "Molecular and biochemical studies of Trichomonas vaginalis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0011/MQ28454.pdf.

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Acquistapace, Bethany R. "Analysis of a trichomonas vaginalis cysteine protease." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/669.

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Trichomoniasis affects 170 million people worldwide, and 7.4 million in the USA. There is increasing focus on the role of cysteine proteases in Trichomonas vaginalis because of their role in virulence of other parasitic protozoa. Determining their location and function will provide insight about their role in the pathogenicity of T. vaginalis and their feasibility as a drug target. This study begins to characterize the first sequenced cysteine protease (CP1). E. coli and P. pastoris expression systems were developed to produce CP1 to generate antiserum, and to have enough active protein for biochemical characterization. Secondly, endogenous and epitope tagged CP1 were localized in T. vaginalis vesicles. These vesicles were confirmed to have alkaline phosphatase activity which is a characteristic of lysosomes. Lastly, deletion mutants of CP1 were created to determine the role of the prodomain in targeting CP1 to vesicles.
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Lockwood, B. C. "Proteinases in trichomonads and trichomoniasis." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377537.

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Books on the topic "Trichomonase"

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Honigberg, B. M., ed. Trichomonads Parasitic in Humans. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3224-7.

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Clark, C. Graham. Anaerobic parasitic protozoa: Genomics and molecular biology. Wymondham: Caister Academic Press, 2010.

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M, Honigberg B., ed. Trichomonads parasitic in humans. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Trichomonads parasitic in humans. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Trichomonads Parasitic in Humans. Springer, 2011.

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Purification, characterization, and inactivation of trichomonal secondary alcohol dehydrogenases. 1987.

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Medforth, Janet, Linda Ball, Angela Walker, Sue Battersby, and Sarah Stables. Sexual health. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754787.003.0003.

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This chapter is mainly concerned with sexually transmitted infections and covers a range of issues, including Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B and C, herpes, syphilis, and other vaginal infections such as Candida, Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginitis. Each of these is taken separately with reference to a screening programme, if appropriate, clinical symptoms and appearance, diagnosis, the latest guidance on treatment, and considerations for pregnancy. Fetal and neonatal infections, congenital transmission, treatment, and surveillance options for the neonate, along with specific advice for the mother are also given.
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D, Sobel Jack, ed. Vulvovaginal infections: Current concepts in diagnosis and therapy. New York: Academy Professional Information Services, Inc., 1990.

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Putman, Shannon B., and Arjun S. Chanmugam. Urethritis, Prostatitis, and Epididymitis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0039.

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Urethritis, prostatitis, and epididymitis are a constellation of diseases often caused by infections; they can result in dysuria, pain, urethral discharge, and fever. Male dysuria can be the presenting complaint in patients with urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, or cystitis. Urethritis is most frequently caused by sexually transmitted infection, including Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Prostatitis has four classifications: acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain, and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis. Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, with or without infection lasting less than 6 weeks. Acute epididymitis usually involves the testicles, resulting in an epididymo-orchitis. Although trauma is one example of a noninfectious cause, infectious causes must be considered, especially gonorrhea and chlamydia. Treatment for these diseases is targeted antibiotics based on lab and culture results.
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Book chapters on the topic "Trichomonase"

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Collántes-Fernández, Esther, Marcelo C. Fort, Luis M. Ortega-Mora, and Gereon Schares. "Trichomonas." In Parasitic Protozoa of Farm Animals and Pets, 313–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70132-5_14.

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Pellicane, Brenda L., and Megan Nicole Moody. "Trichomonas." In Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 601–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14663-3_45.

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Fiori, Pier Luigi, Paola Rappelli, Daniele Dessì, Robert Hirt, Sven Gould, Jan Tachezy, and Ivan Hrdy. "Trichomonas." In Molecular Parasitology, 115–55. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1416-2_5.

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Gries, Oliver, and Thomas Ly. "Trichomonas vaginalis: Trichomoniasis, Trichomonas Infektion." In Infektologie - Kompendium humanpathogener Infektionskrankheiten und Erreger, 438–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58219-0_65.

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Blanchard, James L. "Trichomonas Gastritis." In Nonhuman Primates, 38–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84924-4_9.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Trichomonas gypaetinii." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_5076-1.

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Van Der Pol, Barbara. "Trichomonas Vaginalis." In Diagnostics to Pathogenomics of Sexually Transmitted Infections, 341–56. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119380924.ch17.

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Ringelmann, R., and Beate Heym. "Trichomonas hominis." In Parasiten des Menschen, 249. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85397-5_92.

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Ringelmann, R., and Beate Heym. "Trichomonas tenax." In Parasiten des Menschen, 250–51. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85397-5_93.

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Ringelmann, R., and Beate Heym. "Trichomonas vaginalis." In Parasiten des Menschen, 252–53. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85397-5_94.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trichomonase"

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Hwa, Kuo-Yuan, Hsing-Hsang Hung, and Chen-Hsing Chen. "Phylogenetic Analysisof Trichomonade Xylosyltransferases." In 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fbit.2007.109.

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Araújo, Mirelly Caetano, Joselane Izaquiel Marinho, Carolina Dias dos Santos Silva, Felipe de Almeida Costa, and Bruna Braga Dantas. "AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE Trichomonas vaginalis E A INTERVENÇÃO MEDICAMENTOSA EM GESTANTES." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/723.

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Introdução : Trichomonas vaginalis é o protozoário causador da tricomoníase ou tricomonose, uma das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST), não viral e curável mais comum no mundo, associada ao aumento do risco de HIV. As mulheres infectadas pelo Trichomonas vaginalis podem apresentar sintomas como coceira, disúria, corrimento vaginal, patologia da trompa de Falópio e doença inflamatória pélvica. Em mulheres grávidas essa infecção causa maior probabilidade de parto prematuro, ruptura de membranas e pode ser transmitida ao recém-nascido no parto, desencadeando resultados adversos significativos. Objetivo : Identificar os avanços no diagnóstico de Trichomonas vaginalis e a intervenção medicamentosa em gestantes. Material e métodos : Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica exploratória nos bancos de dados PubMed e BVS, utilizando os descritores “Trichomonas vaginalis” e “gestação”. Obteve-se 35 artigos, sendo utilizados apenas 11. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos com textos completos em inglês e publicados entre 2016-2021. Resultados : Não há recomendações de triagem em mulheres grávidas para Trichomonas vaginalis rotineiramente , originando um alto índice de mulheres grávidas assintomáticas infectadas por seus parceiros e sem recomendação de tratamento durante o atendimento pré-natal, ocasionando complicações. Com a modalidade de diagnóstico por amplificação de ácidos nucléicos (NAATs), o teste molecular para detecção de DNA de Trichomonas vaginalis tornou-se o diagnóstico preferencial, permitindo resultados mais rápidos e exatos para pacientes sintomáticas e assintomáticas, quando comparado com outros testes existentes. Assim, possibilitando uma intervenção medicamentosa imediata, com o uso mais comum de Metronidazol ou Tinidazol, usados em gestantes a depender do período gestacional. Conclusão : Com isso, a intervenção imediata requer a escolha de um diagnóstico rápido em equilíbrio com a necessidade de um teste altamente sensível. Além disso, há necessidade de mais estudos na administração de medicamentos quando utilizados em gestantes, uma vez que há o aumento do risco de parto prematuro. Exigindo histórico detalhado da paciente para avaliar a presença de infecção ou reinfecção e que o parceiro também receba tratamento para uma intervenção eficaz.
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Chen, Ming-Jei, Chia-Hao Huang, Kin Fong Lei, Wei-Hung Cheng, and Petrus Tang. "Impedimetric quantification of the density of suspending Trichomonas vaginalis." In 2016 IEEE 11th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems.2016.7758297.

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da Silva, Gean Scherer, Saulo Bueno de Azeredo, Natália Gonçalves Rengel, Gabriela Kohl Hammacher, and Fabiana Tonial. "MANEJO E PREVENÇÃO DE INFECÇÃO POR Trichomonas vaginalis EM MULHERES." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/697.

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Introdução: O Trichomonas vaginalis é um protozoário flagelado causador de doenças, sobretudo em órgãos genitais femininos. A principal delas é a Tricomoníase, mas também pode causar vaginites. Por isso, conhecer o melhor tratamento e os mecanismos para evitar futuras reinfecções pelo T. vaginalis é importante no estudo da parasitologia humana. Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de revisão de literatura, o melhor tratamento e a como prevenir a (re)infecção de Trichomonas vaginalis em mulheres. Material e métodos: Realizou-se busca na base de dados PubMed utilizando os descritores “Trichomonas vaginalis”, “treatment”, “prevention” e “woman”. Como critérios de inclusão, estabeleceu-se artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos a partir de janeiro de 2021 e relacionados a Ensaios Clínicos, com texto completo gratuitamente. Resultados: A ideia fundamental sugere que a prevenção deve ser aliada ao tratamento, pois o risco de reinfecção é alto, e ela deve ser realizada com uso de preservativos, principalmente. Um estudo avaliou o tratamento da Tricomoníase comparando o uso do Metronidazol em dose única – primeira linha de tratamento – e o uso da dose por 7 dias. Essa última teve 8% menor chance de apresentar T. vaginalis no teste de cura, sendo, pois, melhor qualificada para tratamento. Ademais, um estudo comparando o creme vaginal Zataria multiflora com placebo demonstrou que o creme tem os mesmos efeitos de melhora de sintomas clínicos que o Metronidazol, podendo ser usado para tratar vaginite por T. vaginalis. Um estudo apontou que o DIU de cobre pode aumentar a probabilidade de infecção por T. vaginalis em mulheres, sendo fundamental realizar exames após uso de Metronizadol e avaliar uso de outro anticoncepcional. Por fim, um estudo avaliando o uso de metronidazol 750mg intravaginal, associado a miconazol 200mg, a fim de prevenir infecção, concluiu que essa associação pode reduzir infecção pode T. vaginalis em mulheres. Conclusão: No que se refere ao melhor tratamento para infecção por T. vaginalis, utilizar Metronidazol é a melhor opção. Já para prevenir infeção pelo parasita, orienta-se consulta médica para avaliar método anticoncepcional e receber orientações acerca do cuidado da saúde feminina.
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Kun, Jessica, Marek Smieja, Leyla Soleymani, and Qiyin Fang. "Detection of trichomonal vaginalis through lensless optofluidic microscopy." In Advances in Microscopic Imaging, edited by Francesco S. Pavone, Emmanuel Beaurepaire, and Peter T. So. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2526893.

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CUI, JIKE, TEMPLE F. SMITH, and JOHN SAMUELSON. "GENE EXPANSION IN TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS: A CASE STUDY ON TRANSMEMBRANE CYCLASES." In Proceedings of the 7th Annual International Workshop on Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBSB 2007). IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781860949920_0004.

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Meng, Lingjun, Feng Jin, Wenjuan Zhang, and Zhui Ge. "Image Generation of Trichomonas Vaginitis Based on Mode Margin Generative Adversarial Networks." In 2020 39th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc50068.2020.9188398.

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Vishwanathan, Ajay Sundaram. "S06.4 Chlamydia, trichomonas and syphilis infections in macaques: effects on simian HIV acquisition." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress (Joint Meeting of the 23rd ISSTDR and 20th IUSTI), July 14–17, 2019, Vancouver, Canada. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-sti.39.

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Taylor, Stephanie, Grace Daniel, Edith Torres-Chavolla, Charles Cooper, Salma Kodsi, and Barbara Van Der Pol. "P787 Trichomonas vaginalispositivity rates by HIV status among women in a clinical study." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress (Joint Meeting of the 23rd ISSTDR and 20th IUSTI), July 14–17, 2019, Vancouver, Canada. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-sti.842.

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Graves, K., J. Sharma, C. Reily, W. Secor, J. Novak, and C. Muzny. "P213 Identification of Trichomonas vaginalis 5-nitroimidazole resistance targets to inform future drug development." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress, July 14–17 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2021-sti.301.

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