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Journal articles on the topic 'Triers (Germany)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Grakhotskiy, A. P. "Trials of Members of Einsatzkommando 8 in West Germany: Gaswagen and the Holocaust in Mogilev." Actual Problems of Russian Law 17, no. 1 (2021): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2022.134.1.011-030.

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In 1942, in order to execute the genocide of Jews in Belarus, along with carrying out mass executions, the Nazis began to use gaswagens. In June 1942, a «special vehicle» appeared at the disposal of Einsatzkommando 8 in Mogilev. Based on the trials’ recordings and protocols, it can be assumed that at least 2,500 Jews of the Mogilev region were poisoned in gas vans (gaswagens). Details of the crimes committed by the Nazis with the use of gas vans became known in the 1960s, when lawsuits were held in the Federative Republic of Germany against former members of Einsatzkommando 8: A. Garnishmacher

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Grakhotsky, A. P. "The Legacy of the Human Rights Movement: Prosecutor-General Fritz Bauer on Genocide and Human Rights." Kutafin Law Review 9, no. 4 (2023): 818–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2022.4.22.818-833.

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The paper is devoted to the legacy of Fritz Bauer — the Prosecutor General of the Land of Hesse in West Germany — and analyzes his understanding of the possibility of building the rule of law in Germany, understanding the criminal past of Germany and realizing the responsibility of the German citizens for the genocide of the Jewish people. Fritz Bauer was one of the most consistent supporters of the criminal prosecution against Nazi criminals in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). In Bauer’s view, the Nuremberg trials were supposed to witness the desire of the German state to restore the ru

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Hirt, Julian, Abeelan Rasadurai, Matthias Briel, Pascal Düblin, Perrine Janiaud, and Lars G. Hemkens. "Clinical trial research on COVID-19 in Germany – a systematic analysis." F1000Research 10 (September 10, 2021): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.55541.1.

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Background: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented volume of almost 3,000 clinical trials registered worldwide. We aimed to describe the COVID-19 clinical trial research agenda in Germany during the first year of the pandemic. Methods: We identified randomized clinical trials assessing interventions to treat or prevent COVID-19 that were registered in 2020 and recruited or planned to recruit participants in Germany. We requested recruitment information from trial investigators as of April 2021. Results: In 2020, 65 trials were completely (n=27) or partially (n=38) conducted in

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Filitov, Alexey. "The Problem of Punishment for Nazi Criminals in the Post-War Germany: History and Historiography." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 5 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640028067-1.

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Building on Ralph Giordano&apos;s narrative of the Germans&apos; “second guilt”, the author presents and analyses four patterns of treatment of Nazi criminals in post-war Germany and their reflection in historiography. With regard to the Soviet practice of their legal prosecution, the author critically examines the theses about its “propaganda orientation” and “excessive rigidity” of the sentences handed down, while the actions of the Western occupation authorities are characterised by an arbitrary and politically motivated approach. Much of the article is devoted to a comparative anal

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Hamerlak, Kajetan, and Sabina Bober. "Niemiecka Republika Federalna jako azyl dla nazistowskich zbrodniarzy wojennych. Analiza wybranych aspektów ścigania i skuteczności karania." Studia Polityczne 48, no. 3 (2020): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/stp.2020.48.3.03.

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West Germany had to come to terms with its wartime past in order to function on the international arena. This topic was also widely commented on in Polish press. Poland, which was one of the countries most affected by the extermination policy of Nazi Germany, was inevitably interested in holding the Nazis accountable for their crimes. Moreover, the authorities of the People’s Republic of Poland wanted German crimes to be exposed all the time. In this way, the topic of Soviet crimes was avoided. Hence, the theme of punishment for Nazi war crimes was often discussed in the press. Many articles e

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Janes, Jack. "The Ampel Coalition's Foreign Policy Challenges." German Politics and Society 40, no. 4 (2022): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2022.400405.

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Abstract German-American relations have been impacted by the war in Ukraine for reasons that have to do with domestic and foreign policy challenges. Germany is struggling with its responsibilities to increased expectations in Washington and within the European Union. The responses in Berlin to the Russian invasion of Ukraine have resulted in tensions within Europe as Germany tries to shape its policies around what Chancellor Olaf Scholz has called the Zeitenwende (turning point) of German foreign policy. The u.s. has also signaled its expectations that Germany needs to be a partner in sharing

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Molnar, Aleksandar. "Carl Schmitt's attitude towards total war and total enemy on the eve of the outbreak of WWII." Filozofija i drustvo 21, no. 1 (2010): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1001031m.

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Carl Schmitt is usually perceived as the theorist of total state, total war and total hostility. In the article, the author however tries to show that from 1937 to 1944, Schmitt was arguing that total war and total hostility were dangerous for Germany (as well as for the rest of Europe) and warned against perpetuation of all efforts to totalize enemy that started in 1914. In his theoretical endeavors in this period there was place for the total state only - and especially for the total state strong enough to resist temptation of declaring total war on total enemy. The total state he recommende

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Wylegała, Anna. "Obraz Niemca we wspomnieniach nowych mieszkańców niemieckiego miasta." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 53, no. 3 (2009): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2009.53.3.3.

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The author tries to analyse the picture of a German as emerging from biographical interviews with the oldest generation of the new inhabitants of an ex-German town (Krzyż, German Kreuz Ostb.), the first post-war settlers in the “recovered territories”. The author shows how people coming from the Polish Eastern Borderland, Great Poland and Central Poland remember their pre-war German neighbours, the German invaders and the Germans expelled from Krzyż. The reason for the predominantly favourable picture of a German may be found in the experiences of the interviewees’ lives, who during the war an

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Schwabe, Sven, Franziska A. Herbst, Stephanie Stiel, and Nils Schneider. "Suicide assistance in Germany: A protocol for a multi-perspective qualitative study to explore the current practice." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0311880. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311880.

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Background Suicide assistance is as a complex process comprising a series of stages, ranging from initial consultations with patients about end-of-life options to counselling bereaved family members. The role of healthcare professionals and other practitioners in this process varies according to national regulations and procedural requirements. After a decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court in 2020, suicide assistance is unregulated in Germany but official data about the implementation of suicide assistance is lacking. Aims The project “ASEP–Assisted suicide in Germany: Exploring

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10

H. Geyer, Martin. "On the Road to a German “Postnationalism”? Athletic Competition between the Two German States in the Era of Konrad Adenauer." German Politics and Society 25, no. 2 (2007): 140–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2007.250209.

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Sports have always been used to promote the nation state and the invention of national traditions with national symbols such as flags and national hymns playing an important role. This article looks at the peculiar situation of the post-war period when two Germanys established themselves also in the field of sports, yet cooperated in some athletic disciplines, and, most important of all, at the Olympic Games until 1968. This raised a great number of delicate political questions, particularly the politics of the nonrecognition of the GDR which strove hard to establish itself internationally by

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Doerr, Nicole, and Beth Gharrity Gardner. "After the storm." Translation in Society 1, no. 1 (2022): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tris.21008.doe.

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Abstract This study investigates the translational practices of far-right activists in Germany through content analysis of storytelling about the January 6 storming of the US Capitol in influential German alternative news websites. Findings reveal how far-right commentators used their intermediary position to re-narrate, translate, and convert ‘mainstream’ accounts of an exceptionally contentious event into stories supporting far-right- wing and extremist identities. Re-narrations of January 6 events characterized protesters as victim-heroes and contrasted them with the true villains responsib

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Cramer, Holger. "Yoga Therapy in the German Healthcare System." International Journal of Yoga Therapy 28, no. 1 (2018): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17761/2018-00006.

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Abstract An estimated 15.7 million Germans are currently practicing yoga or are at least interested in starting to practice, and they often perceive yoga as a therapeutic approach. From a healthcare system perspective, the situation is less clear. Here, yoga is only recognized as a recreational or preventive activity. When yoga teachers fulfill specific qualifications, their preventive yoga classes are covered by the statutory health insurances. Only those with additional qualifications in medicine or psychotherapy, however, can independently use and promote “yoga therapy.” The general percept

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Rohkrämer, Thomas. "Antimodernism, Reactionary Modernism and National Socialism. Technocratic Tendencies in Germany, 1890–1945." Contemporary European History 8, no. 1 (1999): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777399000120.

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The article looks critically at attempts to explain the rise of National Socialism in Germany by trying to identify a peculiarly German tradition of antimodernism or reactionary modernism (by, among others, Jeffrey Herf). By looking at different critiques of civilisation in imperial Germany, it tries to show that most of them accepted the necessity of modern technology. What was new about the so-called ‘reactionary modernists’ in the Weimar Republic was not their willingness to use modern technology, but the full acceptance of the fact that modern technology could only exist on the basis of la

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Wilhelm, Cornelia. "Diversity in Germany: A Historical Perspective." German Politics and Society 31, no. 2 (2013): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2013.310203.

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This article explores the changing perception of "diversity" and "cultural difference" in Germany and shows how they were central in the construction of "self" and "other" throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries affecting minorities such as Jews, Poles, and others. It examines different levels of legal and political action toward minorities and immigrants in this process and explores how the perception and legal framework for the Turkish minority in the past sixty years was influenced by historical patterns of such perceptions and their memory. The article tries to shed some light on

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15

Steger, Thomas, and Ronald Hartz. "On the way to “good” corporate governance? A critical review of the German debate." Corporate Ownership and Control 3, no. 1 (2005): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv3i1p1.

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Corporate governance was widely debated in recent years, in Germany as elsewhere. The question what “good” corporate governance constitutes and how it should be achieved stands in the centre of all those discussions. This paper critically draws on the German case. It tries to identify the key issues as well as recent changes in the character of this debate. It is argued that the reform spirit in Germany stands at the edge and needs some considerable refreshment in the near future

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Hart, Dieter, and Benedikt Buchner. "Research with Minors in Germany." European Journal of Health Law 15, no. 2 (2008): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180908x322950.

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AbstractThe European GCP Directive has been implemented into German law in sect. 40 ff. AMG (German pharmaceutical law). Unlike the Directive, German pharmaceutical law basically differentiates between three constellations of clinical trials on minors: clinical trials on healthy minors, clinical trials on ill minors with an individual benefit for the individual participant, and clinical trials on ill minors without direct benefit for the individual participant, but with a so-called “group benefit”. Particularly the latter possibility of conducting clinical trials on minors even if no individua

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Boichuk, Orest. "60th Anniversary of Warsaw Uprising and its Influence on Poland-Germany Relations." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 41 (June 26, 2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2020.41.83-92.

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The main idea of upon article is “a closing eyes” on the historical problem in mutual relations between states, what is leading for the problem. Such situation had place in Polish-Germany relations at the end of 90th. The research in this field is more than important, obviously in the angle of Poland-Ukraine relations. The 60th anniversary of Warsaw Uprising is the point of changes in historical narrative in Poland and German as well. Firstly, it was first official visit on the level of the Prime Minister. Prime Minister tried to appease hot discussion about the question of German people resti

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Bruckner, Till, Daniel Sanchez, Tarik Suljic, et al. "Regulatory gaps and research waste in clinical trials involving women with metastatic breast cancer in Germany." F1000Research 13 (May 1, 2024): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.148958.1.

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Background Non-publication, incomplete publication and excessively slow publication of clinical trial outcomes contribute to research waste and can harm patients. While research waste in German academic trials is well documented, research waste in Germany related to a specific disease area across non-commercial and commercial sponsors has not previously been assessed. Methods In this cohort study, we used public records from three clinical trial registries to identify 70 completed or terminated clinical trials involving women with metastatic breast cancer with trial sites in Germany. We then s

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Arnaus Gil, Laia, and Amelia Jiménez-Gaspar. "Catalan as a Heritage Language in Germany." Languages 7, no. 1 (2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7010043.

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Germany is currently the third country with more Catalan residents mainly characterized as families with children born in Germany but raised with Catalan as heritage language (HL). Only few studies have investigated Catalan as an HL in Germany. Our study tries to fill this gap with spontaneous recordings of 16 bilingual and trilingual children (mean age 5;7). In terms of language competence (measured via MLU), balanced bilingualism is present in most children (44%), followed by those showing a dominance into German (38%). Interestingly, regarding language use (measured in w/minute), both balan

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20

Benini, Marco. "From the Liturgical Movement to Pope Francis's Desiderio desideravi : Frederick McManus and His German Colleagues United in Liturgical Formation and Reform." Jurist: Studies in Church Law and Ministry 79, no. 2 (2023): 433–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jur.2023.a915495.

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ABSTRACT: The 2023 McManus Lecture, delivered at The Catholic University of America, honors the prominent canonist and liturgist Monsignor Frederick R. McManus by highlighting his liturgical expertise and merits for the liturgical renewal. McManus notably cooperated with his German colleagues in Trier, Johannes Wagner as the head of the German Liturgical Institute, and Balthasar Fischer, the first chair of liturgical studies in Germany. Based on their letters kept in the archive of the Liturgical Institute in Trier, one can see how these important figures of the liturgical renewal became acqua

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Kuschel, Ann-Sophie, Rianne Ernst, Jan-Philipp Beck, et al. "Evaluating Patient Participation in Clinical Trials for CLL and SLE in Germany—A Mixed-Methods Study on Enrollment Potential Based on Claims Data." Healthcare 12, no. 21 (2024): 2127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12212127.

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Background: In recent years, the pharmaceutical industry in Germany has faced a significant decline in the number of clinical trials conducted. Methods: This study evaluates patient participation in clinical trials for oncology and chronic diseases in Germany, integrating quantitative and qualitative research. Data from the Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin (InGef (Institut für angewandte Gesundheitsforschung, Berlin, Germany)), covering about 88% of the German population, and expert interviews were used. Results: In 2022, 84.6% of 47,305 systemic lupus erythematosus patients (SLE)

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Graf, Rüdiger. "Transitional Injustice at Leipzig: Negotiating Sovereignty and International Humanitarian Law in Germany after the First World War." Central European History 55, no. 1 (2022): 34–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938921001758.

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AbstractThe article analyzes Allied attempts to try German war criminals after the First World War and the ensuing Leipzig trials. Historians of international law commonly describe these as the first (failed) attempt to break principles of national sovereignty by implementing principles of international humanitarian law, which were later realized at Nuremberg and The Hague. The article brackets the question of the Leipzig trials’ alleged success or failure by situating them not so much within the long-term history of international justice but, rather, within the political and intellectual cult

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Perdana, Kiki Esa, and Bima Prawira Utama. "Football as Political Communication Tool for German Supporters: How the Story of St. Pauli and Union Berlin Goes International." Journal Of Global Strategic Studies 4, no. 2 (2024): 192–206. https://doi.org/10.36859/jgss.v4i2.2975.

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Football is the most popular sport in the world, involving many people, from players, club officials, federation administrators in each country, the media, and also supporters consisting of various backgrounds. In some countries, even football also involves politicians and political parties. Because it involves many people and also many media, it is not uncommon that many people intend to convey their political messages through football so that they can be seen by the public. Germany is one of the countries that experiences this, with a background and political history that is quite strong in

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Frey, Pia-Elena, Mirco Friedrich, Lukas Rädeker, et al. "Encouraging student-driven clinical research in Germany: the CHIR-Net SIGMA network." Innovative Surgical Sciences 2, no. 4 (2017): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iss-2017-0038.

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AbstractEvidence should define and guide modern clinical care, yet many relevant questions in surgical practice remain unconfirmed by substantial data. Evidence-based medicine requires both the implementation of its principles in day-to-day work and the acquisition of new evidence preferably by randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews. Meaningful clinical research, however, is challenging to conduct, and its overall infrastructure in Germany was, until recently, considered poor compared to other leading countries. Although this has been significantly improved after the establishment

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Papenko, Nataliia. "«Reformer» of Wilhelmine Era: Bernhard Martin von Bulow (1849-1929)." European Historical Studies, no. 15 (2020): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.9.

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In the article the author examines the socio-political development of the German Empire during the reign of Emperor Wilhelm II. The author of the article tries to reveal the complex mechanism of the methods of policy of the imperial chancellor B. von Bulow both in the sphere of foreign and domestic politics. He began his activities in a difficult historical time not only for Germany but also for most of Western Europe. It was the time of Germany’s struggle for world domination. The political leaders of the leading Western European countries were representatives of the new formation, therefore,

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Linder, Mattea, Sibylle Loibl, and Gunter von Minckwitz. "The German Breast Group – Healing Through Innovation, Competence and Partnership." European Oncology & Haematology 05, no. 01 (2009): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eoh.2009.05.1.41.

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The German Breast Group (GBG) is the leading breast cancer study group in Germany, conducting clinical trials in the adjuvant, neoadjuvant, preventative and palliative settings. One focus of the GBG is neoadjuvant studies, which have a long and successful history in Germany. The aim of neoadjuvant studies is to improve operability and to gain more information about the tumour itself in terms of the chemotherapy (invivo) as well as regarding the biology in general. However, preventative, palliative and adjuvant studies are also important components of the GBG. This article is an overview of the

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Herbert, Ulrich. "La politique d'extermination: nouvelles réponses, nouvlles questions sur l'histoire de l'Holocauste." Revue d’histoire moderne & contemporaine 47-2, no. 2 (2000): 233–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.g2000.47n2.0233.

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Résumé R$L'« Holocauste » a-t-il été un « projet national » des Allemands ? Jusqu'à quel point l'antisémitisme était-il répandu parmi les Allemands, et quel rôle a-t-il joué dans le déclenchement du génocide ? Quels étaient les mobiles des tueurs, qu'il s'agisse des meurtriers de bureau ou bien de ceux qui ont commis les meurtres ? Dans quel rapport se situaient les mobiles de nature idéologique avec les objectifs non idéologiques, à visée utilitaire ? Et quelle a été l'importance de la politique d'extermination nationale-socialiste pour la politique d'occupation allemande en Europe dans son e

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Rustamova, L. R. "German "Soft power" Policies in the Muslim World." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(43) (August 28, 2015): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2015-4-43-144-151.

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In recent years, a number of foreign policy concepts declared the importance of using the instruments of "soft power" to promote the national interests of a country. Soft power is the ability through political values, culture and foreign policy to influence others by forming attractiveness [18]. Germany is generally recognized as the leader in the resources of "soft power." The article discusses what kind of resources are deployed by Germany to increase its "soft power" in the Muslim direction of foreign policy. The Muslim world has its own specifics, which complicate the use of instruments of

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Kaiser, Alexandra. "Performing the New German Past: The People's Day of Mourning and 27 January as Postunification Commemorations." German Politics and Society 26, no. 4 (2008): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2008.260403.

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The article sketches the ruptures in today's German memory culture, concentrating on the Volkstrauertag (People's Day of Mourning) and the Gedenktag für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Remembrance Day for the Victims of National Socialism) on 27 January. It starts with an overview of the history of the Volkstrauertag with its (outward) transformation from a commemoration day for dead German soldiers into one for “all victims of war and violence.” The inclusive model of commemoration that was typical for the Bonn Republic is disintegrating today. In united Germany, the Volkstrauertag and 27

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Trunov, Philipp. "THE DIALOGUE OF THE FRG WITH LATIN AMERICA’ STATES: POLITICAL-MILITARY ASPECTS." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 3 (2022): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.03.06.

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The article analyses the state of German bilateral relations with South America’ states in defense and security field. The decline in the dialogue between Germany and Latin America’ countries during the COVID-19 pandemic turned out to be more significant than in other regional areas . The key reason is the difficulties in strengthening German strategic positions on the continent in the second half of the 2010. The paper stresses the functional and geographical narrowness of German political and diplomatic opportunities. In the military sphere the cooperation was mainly reduced to the export of

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Hébert, Philippe, and Paul Létourneau. "Du haut de l'Olympe : perspectives américaines sur l'arme nucléaire allemande." Études internationales 27, no. 1 (2005): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703558ar.

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Few issues have created more tensions and uneasiness in international affairs than the idea of a nuclear armed Germany. The militarist and expansionist tradition of Germany has induced in its neighbors an underlying fear of a possible revival of her past hehavior. The apparition of nuclear weapons in the international System after 1945, and the subsequent accession of Great Britain and France to the status of nuclear powers, has added a further dimension to the German problem. During the Cold War, the issue of German nuclear weapons was rarely discussed favorably, particularly in Europe. The c

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Kim, Sung-Ryong. "Meaning and implications of digital documentation of criminal trials in Germany." Korean Association of Criminal Procedure Law 15, no. 3 (2023): 69–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34222/kdps.2023.15.3.69.

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Germany is implementing a plan to digitally video or audio record what happens in the trial court of criminal proceedings. Many German judges also have animosity or concerns about video recording of trial proceedings. However, a bill aimed mandatory recording and discretionary video recording was submitted with the goal of mandating digital video recording or recording and automatic creation of transcript records in all courts by 2030. Even in Germany, various arguments for and against this bill were presented. As Mosbacher, a judge in the criminal division of the German Federal Supreme Court,

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Tachezy, Michael, Florian Gebauer, Emre Yekebas, and Jakob Robert Izbicki. "Failure of a Multi-Centric Clinical Trial Investigating Neoadjuvant Radio-Chemotherapy in Resectable Pancreatic Carcinoma (NEOPA-NCT01900327)—Which Lessons Are Learnt?" Cancers 15, no. 17 (2023): 4262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15174262.

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Background: A significant number of clinical trials must be prematurely discontinued due to recruitment failure, and only a small fraction publish results and a failure analysis. Based on our experience on conducting the NEOPA trial on neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma (NCT01900327—funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research—BMBF), we performed an analysis of potential reasons for recruitment failure and general problems in conducting clinical trials in Germany. Methods: Systematic analysis of environmental factors,

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Rossi, Matteo, Elisa Giacosa, and Alberto Mazzoleni. "The financing methods for small and medium companies: comparison between Italy and Germany." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 3 (2016): 366–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i3c2p9.

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The aim of this paperis to identify the appropriate financing methods for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) - with particular reference to alternative instruments to the banking ones- by comparing Italian and German companies. Based on a sample of Italian and German SMEs and thanks to a quantitative method, the research methodology was developed by the following logical steps: i) illustration of the informative matrix used, thanks to which it’s possible to identify different types of financing instruments (also those alternative to the banking ones) the most suitable for the analyzed c

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Trunov, Philipp. "The key directions of German-Dutch and German-French cooperation in defence strengthening." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 4 (2020): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2020.04.09.

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Since the former Cold War, the Federal Republic of Germany has had the closest, the most full-scale and different in the spectrum of tracks relations in the sphere of common strengthening of the defence capabilities with the continental Western European countries. First, these ones are France and the Netherlands. The article tries to explore German relations with these two countries in the military sphere during the modern period. The key research methods are event-analysis and comparative analysis. The paper covers the experience of the creation of the first bilateral and multilateral militar

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Ritscher, Christian. "COVID-19 and International Crimes Trials in Germany." Journal of International Criminal Justice 18, no. 5 (2020): 1077–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqaa055.

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Abstract With the appearance of the COVID-19 virus, the world faces new challenges in almost every area of social life. Social distancing and protection measures provide new challenges in business relations. This also holds true for criminal trials in general, and for international criminal trials, in particular. In Germany, several trials concerning charges of crimes under international law, established by the German Code of Crimes Against International Law (Völkerstrafgesetzbuch), are currently in progress. In particular, the trial against two former Syrian intelligence officers, which is cu

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Weiss, Manfred. "Modernizing the German Works Council System: A Recent Amendment." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 18, Issue 3 (2002): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/5100073.

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The statute on the German works council system, somehow the backbone of industrial relations in Germany and a point of reference in many comparative studies on workers' participation, has been significantly amended in 2001. This amendment was supposed to improve the conditions for the application of the law in small and medium-sized companies, to adapt the traditional organizational structure to the needs of an ever changing reality, to improve the ressources available to the works councils and to increase the works council's powers in specific areas. It turned out to be highly controversial.

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Koerkel, Joachim. "Controlled Drinking as a Treatment Goal in Germany." Journal of Drug Issues 32, no. 2 (2002): 667–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260203200221.

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In Germany public health is impaired by high alcohol consumption and alcohol related damage. Yet very few people who participate in excessive forms of alcohol consumption obtain any alcohol specific treatment. The present German controversy surrounding Controlled Drinking (CD) as an appropriate treatment goal and a means to improve the range and effectiveness of the existing health care system is discussed. In this article the author provides an overview of the German CD trials. The German behavioral self-control programs (the “AkT” group program and the bibliotherapeutic “10 Steps Program”) t

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Werner, J. "The moss flora of the Bunter region north of Trier (Rhineland-Palatia), Germany." Herzogia 9, no. 1-2 (1992): 115–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/herzogia/9/1992/115.

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Fiszer, Józef M. "Traktat między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a Republiką Federalną Niemiec o dobrym sąsiedztwie i przyjaznej współpracy z 17 czerwca 1991 roku: geneza, cele, realizacja. Sukcesy, porażki i perspektywy w kontekście kryzysu migracyjnego w Europie." Studia Polityczne 46, no. 4 (2018): 45–69. https://doi.org/10.35757/stp.2018.46.4.03.

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The aim of the article is to show the genesis of the Polish-German Treaty on Good Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation of 17 June 1991 and its importance for the development of cooperation between Poland and Germany in the context of the ongoing refugee crisis. The author puts forward a few debatable theses and tries to answer questions about Polish-German relations between 1989 and 2018, their conditions and perspectives. For example, he states that in the last two years, Polish-German relations, particularly political ones, have deteriorated considerably. On the other hand, economic coop

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Märten, Angela, and Rachel Jenkins. "What could the future hold for treatment sequencing in cancer medicine? An interview with Angela Märten." Future Oncology 15, no. 25 (2019): 2891–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2019-0176.

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Professor Angela Märten speaks to Rachel Jenkins, Commissioning Editor Angela Märten earned her PhD at Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany, in 2000, after working for several years as an oncology nurse. Upon completion of her PhD, she assumed responsibility for Phase I trials and translational research for the University Hospital of Bonn, Germany. In 2002, the University Hospital of Bonn appointed her as Assistant Professor for Experimental Haematology and Oncology. In 2003, she accepted a new position at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, heading the Immunotherapeutic Group and the Onc

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Schwabe, Sven, Christoph Buck, Franziska A. Herbst, Tanja Schleef, Stephanie Stiel, and Nils Schneider. "Status exploration and analysis of regional hospice and palliative care networks in Germany: A protocol for a mixed-methods study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 6 (2023): e0286583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286583.

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Background Multi-professional cooperation between healthcare providers is a key quality criterion of hospice and palliative care. While hospice and palliative care networks can support cooperation on a local level, opportunities for wider cooperation through the establishment and development of regional hospice and palliative care networks in Germany have not yet been explored systematically. Aims The HOPAN study aims at: (1) identifying regional hospice and palliative care networks in Germany, (2) analysing these networks using an adapted quality assessment tool, and (3) proposing setting-sen

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Wixforth, Harald. "Schiffsfinanzierung im Wandel – Finanzintermediäre und maritime Wirtschaft am Finanzplatz Hamburg vom Kaiserreich bis zum Ende der Weimarer Republik." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 64, no. 2 (2019): 217–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2018-0019.

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AbstractFor more than 30 years bank-industry relations have been one of the most important subjects of financial research and history. Despite all research we are still lacking results on this topic for several branches of German industry, e. g. shipbuilding and shipping. Therefore, the article tries to analyze the relations between financial institutions and some of the prominent enterprises of maritime industry in Hamburg – in the 19th and 20th century the most important financial center in Northern Germany as well as place for shipping and shipbuilding. Finally, the article compares the res

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Stroh, Frédéric. "Les juges et l’insoumis. Tribunal Général français de Rastatt versus Reichskriegsgericht (1946-1949)." Revue d’Allemagne et des pays de langue allemande 39, no. 4 (2007): 569–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reval.2007.5979.

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Between 1946 and 1949 the Tribunal Général (the supreme military tribu nal in French occupation zone in Germany), located in Rastatt in Germany, launched proceedings against ten former judges of the Reichskriegsgericht, which was the supreme military court of justice of the Third Reich. They were in particular accused of condemning to death for desertion many Alsacians and Mosellans forcibly conscripted. However the French judges considered that the criminality of the laws could not be reproached to those who were to apply them, thus opposing the jurisprudence of the Nuremberg Trials that ackn

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Aleksandrova, Olga V. "Forensic Psychological Examination of Reliability of Testimony in Cases of Sexual Abuse of Minors in Germany." Victimology 10, no. 3 (2023): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2411-0590-2023-10-3-385-395.

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In Germany in the 90s took place a number of sexual abuse trials with minor victims, which caused a wide public outcry and a discussion about methods for assessing credibility of testimony . The result of the analysis of the errors admitted in these trials were some measures aimed at improving the quality of forensic psychological examination of testimony . In 1999 the Federal Supreme Court of the Federal Republic of Germany adopted the decision No . BGH 1 Str 618/98, in which it formulated the basic requirements for this kind of forensic psychological examination and recognized Statement Vali

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Graham-Dixon, Francis. "British Justice in Western Germany, 1949-55." Social and Education History 2, no. 3 (2013): 210–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4471/hse.2013.14.

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Britain did not release its final two prisoners from the prison it administered in West Germany until July 1957, eight years after the formation of the Federal Republic and the formal ending of its military rule. By 1949, Germany, once the enemy of Europe assumed greater strategic significance in the minds of western politicians seeking its reintegration within a new European family of nations to forestall fears of Soviet hegemony, not least because it now wanted to re-arm West Germany. The continuing incarceration of German war criminals had become a lesser priority in the battleground of Col

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Błaszkowska, Hanna, and Marcel Knorn. "Gender-sensitive language in the academic teaching of German as a for- eign language (DaF) – potentials, attitudes, controversies." Applied Linguistics Papers 2/2024, no. 28 (2024): 32–44. https://doi.org/10.32612/uw.25449354.2024.2.pp.32-44.

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The gender-sensitive language (GSL) is the subject of lively debate in the German-speaking coun- tries, both academically and publicly, and a manifestation of the ongoing changes in the German language. It seems impossible to ignore this phenomenon in the teaching of German as a foreign language (DaF), espe- cially at the academic level. This article will discuss GSL in university classes at AMU in Poznań, Poland, offering first a theoretical introduction and a review of research in feminist linguistics, gender linguistics and especially in the DaF area. Consecutively, the program and conclusi

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Ménudier, Henri. "L’antigermanisme et la campagne française pour l’élection du Parlement européen." Études internationales 11, no. 1 (2005): 97–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701019ar.

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Anti-German sentiment in France has deep roots that extend back to the middle of the 19th century. A permanent theme of French foreign policy, it manifested itself with force during the campaign for the European elections of June 10, 1979. This explosion can be explained in terms of the fear of a part of the political forces to see themselves dragged too far into a process of European integration that would contribute to submitting France to the economic forces of a Germany very dependent on the United States. The Communists were the main standard bearers of this campaign in which the Gaullist

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Hubbard, Ruth. "Eugenics and Prenatal Testing." International Journal of Health Services 16, no. 2 (1986): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1yke-php6-h69a-yrkv.

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Prejudices against people with disabilities, pool people, and immigrants during the nineteenth century generated a science of “race improvement” called eugenics. In the United States, a number of eugenic measures were enacted early in this century, but it was in Nazi Germany that eugenics flourished under the name of racial hygiene (Rassenhygiene). In the guise of furthering the health of the German people, German scientists and physicians initially designed programs of sterilization. Next came euthanasia and finally mass extermination of “lives not worth living.” Remembering this history, man

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Ahmed, Raees, Theresa Möller, and Matthias Siegert. "Agreements for the financial or material support of a non-commercial clinical trial in Germany." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 10, no. 3 (2022): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v10i3.550.

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The following article outlines the essential clauses within agreements about the funding of German Universities or German clinical trial sites in order for them to conduct a non-commercial clinical trial on their own, a so-called Investigator-Initiated-Trials or Investigator-Sponsored-Trials. The authors explain the basic legal principles and clauses for such an agreement and clarify certain German Law specialities, which any funder should be aware of, if they were to fund an Investigator-Initiated-Trial in Germany. It becomes clear, that it is very important for the funding pharmaceutical com

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