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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trigonometrical leveling

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Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Trigonometrical leveling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trigonometrical leveling"

1

Ustavich, G. A., A. V. Nikonov, V. G. Salnikov, N. M. Ryabova, and A. S. Gorilko. "The technique of the III and IV classes levelling performed with trigonometric method." Geodesy and Cartography 949, no. 7 (2019): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-949-7-2-11.

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The III and IV classes leveling are applied in the Russian Federation for extension of height networks, at creating elevation control for building and large-scale surveying. The actual state levelling specification foresees applying the only geometric levelling technique. The geometric leveling performed in hilly and uneven terrain is difficult. Total stations of high precision increase the accuracy of height differences between two points by leap-frog trigonometric leveling. Using high precision total station and fulfillment of methodological requirements made it possible to perform trigonometric levelling of the III and IV classes. The developed methodology includes leveling with length of the sighting beam up to 250 m, as well as for the purpose of additional control, to use the vertical basis of a known length as a target sight. The implementation of trigonometric levelling makes the surveying of hilly and uneven area easier, and makes the beam of sight longer, increasing the productivity of work.

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2

Guo, Jin Yun, Lei Yu, Xin Liu, Qiao Li Kong, and Guo Wei Li. "Automatic Trigonometric Leveling System Based on GPS and ATR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2897.

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Trigonometric leveling method is often used to connect the height over sea. Error analysis of trigonometric leveling is made. In order to automatically achieve the trigonometric leveling over long distance, an automatic trigonometric leveling system is put forward with the combination of GPS and the automatic target recognition (ATR) techniques in this paper. The primary design of the system prototype including the structure and the software is given. The practical principle tests are also made to prove the system performance. The results indicate that the leveling precision of the system can satisfy the requirement of fourth order leveling.

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3

Zhou, Xian Ping, and Ming Sun. "Study on Accuracy Measure of Trigonometric Leveling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.373.

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How to reduce the errors of the total station in vertical angle measurement is a main problem for improving the accuracy of trigonometric leveling. The leveling method combining the total station with a tracking bar is becoming increasingly more popular, and also the limitations of the traditional trigonometric leveling method have been shown. After a long period of exploration, a new method is proposed for trigonometric leveling. The results show that the error sources of trigonometric leveling are reduced by the method combining with the total station on any spot, and also instrument height and prism height are unnecessarily measured in each determination, so that the field workload and the error sources for improving accuracy are reduced, and then the accuracy of trigonometric leveling is further improved and the speed of implementing the leveling becomes faster. This height determination method is with certain applicability and reference value in the practical work.

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4

El-Ashmawy, Khalid L. A. "ACCURACY, TIME COST AND TERRAIN INDEPENDENCE COMPARISONS OF LEVELLING TECHNIQUES." Geodesy and cartography 40, no. 3 (2014): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20296991.2014.962727.

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Levelling techniques is classified as geometric levelling, trigonometric levelling and GPS/Levelling depending on used instruments or the methods applied. Accuracies of geometric levelling with using three equipments (Leica NA-720 optical level, Topcon RL-VH4G2 laser level and Leica NA-3003 digital level), the trigonometric levelling with using two equipments (Topcon GTS710 total station and Topcon Imaging Station) and GPS/levelling with using Sokkia GSR2600 receiver were investigated to determine their performances against precise levelling that yields the most precise results. For this purpose, measurements were taken at hundred points on the ground of a well-protected site. The comparison of the results was performed based on accuracy, time cost and terrain independence. The comparison shows that levelling using digital level produces the closets results to precise levelling results, the time cost of GPS/levelling was 74% and 41% less than geometric and trigonometric levelling respectively, and trigonometric and GPS/levelling are independent of the terrain surveyed.

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5

Han, Mao, and Mao Hua Liu. "Research on the Total Station Trigonometric Leveling Using Midway Method Replaces Three/Four Grade Leveling." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 1144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1144.

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In order to improve the precise of trigonometric leveling, analysis of the midway method by theoretical analysis and experiment. A formula is derived to calculate the elevation difference and the mean square error base on the error propagation law. The result of research includes: the midway method of total station trigonometric leveling is simple operated , it can replaces the three/four grade leveling through a variety of correction under certain conditions.

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6

Dingliang, Yang, Zou Jingui, Shen Yanwen, and Hongbin Zhu. "Research and Application of Trigonometric Leveling to Replace Precise Leveling." Journal of Surveying Engineering 147, no. 3 (2021): 04021012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)su.1943-5428.0000366.

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7

Jianzhang, Li. "Joint adjustment by CPIII precision trigonometric elevation control network assisted with precision levelling observation." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016503005.

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Using the precision trigonometric elevation instead of the precision levelling to build a CPⅢ elevation control network will greatly increase the speed of CPⅢ control network construction. However, the accuracy of CPIII precision trigonometric elevation control network is still difficult to reach the level of CPⅢ precision levelling network. Based on the existing parameter method, this paper introduces some precision levelling for joint adjustment, and uses Helmert’s variance estimation method to perform strict weight determination. Our experiments show that when the number of precision levelling participating in the joint adjustment exceeds 1/3 of the total number of CPⅢ precision levelling network observations, the accuracy of the CPIII precision trigonometric elevation control network can be effectively improved.

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8

Zhenglu, Zhang, Zhang Kun, Deng Yong, and Luo Changlin. "Research on precise trigonometric leveling in place of first order leveling." Geo-spatial Information Science 8, no. 4 (2005): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02838654.

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9

Mozzhukhin, O. A. "Refraction in bilateral trigonometric leveling. Defi nition of corrections." Geodesy and Cartography 934, no. 4 (2018): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2018-934-4-8-13.

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The practical application of bilateral trigonometric leveling in geodetic measurements is limited by the effect of atmospheric refraction. If this effect is eliminated, the accuracy of bilateral measurements can be comparable to the results of precise geometric leveling. By applying the similarity and modeling method to the problem of accounting for refraction in leveling and also taking into account the conditions of interaction of the optical beam with the physical processes taking place in the surface layer, these limitations can be minimized. The solution of the problem of determining corrections due to the influence of refraction in bilateral trigonometric leveling by simulation of the quantities participating in the process, obtained through joint geodetic and meteorological measurements, as well as the main provisions – in unilateral leveling, which are the basis for the method of bilateral measurements. Practical examples show the features of calculation of corrections, depending on the state of thermal stratification of the surface layer of the atmosphere.

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10

Teskey, W. F., and J. F. Wentzel. "A method of precise trigonometric leveling for deformation surveys." CISM journal 43, no. 4 (1989): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-1989-0037.

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A method of precise trigonometric leveling, for application in deformation survey networks that are periodically observed, is described. The advantages over precise spirit leveling are outlined and the special observational and analysis procedures required in the method are given. The method is then applied to the Barrier Dam Deformation Survey Network and a comparison is made with precise spirit leveling results. The results indicate that vertical movements of 5 millimeters over lines of observation of 500 meters can be detected.

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