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Journal articles on the topic 'Trihalomethanes; Drinking water – Standards; Water quality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Hayes, C. R. "Microbiological Quality Control in the Provision of Safe Drinking Water." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 6-7 (1989): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0258.

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The legislation from the European Commission and various other guidelines are discussed in the context of microbiological standards for drinking water. Difficulties in applying these standards are identified and reference is given to the quality control procedures adopted by Anglian Water. Pressures to achieve other drinking water standards, especially trihalomethanes, and the possible need to achieve higher microbiological quality objectives than those regulated currently, could lead to major changes in UK treatment practice.

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2

Hayes, C. R. "Microbiological Quality Control in the Provision of Safe Drinking Water*." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 3 (1989): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0105.

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The legislation from the European Commission and various other guidelines are discussed in the context of microbiological standards for drinking water. Difficulties in applying these standards are identified and reference is given to the quality control procedures adopted by Anglian Water. Pressures to achieve other drinking water standards, especially trihalomethanes, and the possible need to achieve higher microbiological quality objectives than those regulated currently, could lead to major changes in UK treatment practice. * The full version of this article will appear in Water Science and

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3

Govorova, Zhanna, Galina Gorenko, Uliana Rudich, and Vadim Govorov. "Evaluation of barrier functions of traditional water supply facilities in relation to toxic trihalomethanes." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 03032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825103032.

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The problem of formation of the toxic carcinogenic substances in the process of the water treatment during disinfection of natural waters containing organic pollution is actual both in Russia and in foreign countries. There is an information about the negative effects of trihalomethanes (THM) on the human organism. The examples shows that, the concentration of trihalomethanes in the drinking water exceeds the standards several times in water treatment according to the traditional technology with the use of chlorine. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of THM changes in the stages of

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4

Liu, Zhiquan, Yongpeng Xu, Xuewei Yang, Rui Huang, Qihao Zhou, and Fuyi Cui. "Does the recycling of waste streams from drinking water treatment plants worsen the quality of finished water? A case assessment in China." Water Supply 17, no. 2 (2016): 597–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2016.151.

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The overall purpose was to assess the feasibilities of recycling filter backwash water (FBWW) and combined filter backwash water (CFBWW) in a drinking water treatment plant in south China. The variations of regular water-quality indexes, metal indexes (Al, Mn and Cd), polyacrylamide and disinfection by-product indexes (trihalomethanes and their formation potentials) along with the treatment and the recycling processes were monitored. Results showed the recycling procedure caused increases of turbidity, total solids, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), permanganate index (CODMn), and dissolved organic ca

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Neil, Chelsea W., Yingying Zhao, Amy Zhao, Jill Neal, Maria Meyer, and Y. Jeffrey Yang. "Trihalomethane precursor reactivity changes in drinking water treatment unit processes during a storm event." Water Supply 19, no. 7 (2019): 2098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.089.

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Abstract Source water quality can significantly impact the efficacy of water treatment unit processes and the formation of chlorinated and brominated trihalomethanes (THMs). Current water treatment plant performance models may not accurately capture how source water quality variations, such as organic matter variability, can impact treatment unit processes. To investigate these impacts, a field study was conducted wherein water samples were collected along the treatment train for 72 hours during a storm event. Systematic sampling and detailed analyses of water quality parameters, including non

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Benakka, Latifa, Loubna Zogaam Gharbi, Morad Guennouni, Zohra Bejjaji, and Mahjoub Aouane. "A study of the microbiological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water intended for human consumption in the town of Kenitra." E3S Web of Conferences 234 (2021): 00061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123400061.

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The quality of drinking water is highly dependent on physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics. This study envisaged to determine the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the water consumed by the population of the town of Kenitra by analyzing the following parameters: Conductivity, Turbidity, Temperature, pH, Sulphates, Cadmium, Selenium, Arsenic, Fluorides, Total Iron, Manganese, Chloride Ions, Nitrates, Nitrites, Cadmium, Boron, Nickel, Trihalomethanes, Ammonium and Potassium Permanganate. On the other hand by analyzing the following microbiological parameters: Escheri

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Ewaid, Salam, Salwan Abed, Nadhir Al-Ansari, and Bassam Al-Farhani. "Modeling of trihalomethane compounds formation in Baghdad water supply network." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, no. 2 (2020): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.2.12.

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This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of four trihalomethane compounds (THMs) in raw, treated, and drinking water of seven water purification plants and the residential neighborhoods nearby in Baghdad. About 350 samples gathered between January and October 2017 and analyzed by the gas chromatography method. Results showed that THM annual levels in tap water ranged between 12 and 97.3 μg·l–1 in winter and summer consecutively, with a mean concentration of 60 μg·l–1, these concentrations did not exceed the level recommended by the WHO and the Iraqi standards. Statistical modelin

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8

Ilyas, Huma, Ilyas Masih, and Jan Peter van der Hoek. "An exploration of disinfection by-products formation and governing factors in chlorinated swimming pool water." Journal of Water and Health 16, no. 6 (2018): 861–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.067.

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Abstract This paper investigates disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation and their relationship with governing factors in chlorinated swimming pools. The study compares concentrations of DBPs with WHO guidelines for drinking water quality recommended to screen swimming pool water quality. The statistical analysis is based on a global database of 188 swimming pools accumulated from 42 peer-reviewed journal publications from 16 countries. The mean and standard deviation of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were estimated as 282 ± 437 and 326 ± 517 μg L−1, respectively, which most of

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Ahmed, Sarah, Ali Abedulwahab, Rehab Ahmed, Mohamed Najemalden, and Omer Taha. "Assessment of Lower Zab river water quality using both Canadian Water Quality Index Method and NSF Water Quality Index Method." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, no. 2 (2020): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.2.14.

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Rivers are considered the most important sources of surface water on Earth. They are play a significant role in all human activities and the quality of river water is needed. Therefore, the importance of the water quality index is arising through providing data base about quality of the water source, and explain the change in the water quality over a period of time continually. This study involved determination of physicochemical and biological parameters of Lower Zab river in Kirkuk city at two different points. The objectives of the study are to assess the present water quality, through anal

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Jachimowski, Artur. "Effects of a new water disinfection technology on water quality." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400052.

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The article assesses the effects of use of ultraviolet radiation and electrolytically generated sodium hypochlorite on the quality of drinking water produced at “Raba” plant of the Municipal Water and Sewerage Company in Cracow as well as in the water supply network. The analysis included selected microbiological indicators, total organic carbon, water chlorination products from the group of trihalomethanes and free chlorine. The research conducted indicated that disinfectant change caused quantitative changes in THMs and free chlorine in water supplied to the water supply network. After an up

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Handam, Natasha Berendonk, José Augusto Albuquerque dos Santos, Antonio Henrique Almeida de Moraes Neto, Maria De Fátima Leal Alencar, Caroline Ferraz Ignacio, and Adriana Sotero-Martins. "Drinking water quality in Brazilian urban slums." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 3 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2532.

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The study analyzed the quality of drinking water used in Brazilian urban slum residences according to the standards established in Brazilian regulations. Bacteriological (n=231) and physicochemical parameters (n=134) were analyzed, as the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater establishes. The results revealed that contaminants in the water consumed, for the most part, exceed the limits of drinking water quality standards, putting the population's health at risk and reinforcing the urgency of the need for public policies.

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Achour, Samia, Fouad Chabbi, and Saâdia Guergazi. "Drinking Water Chlorination and Adverse Public Health Outcomes in Algeria." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.501.

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Drinking water supplies continue to be a major source of human disease because many of them remain unsafe and vulnerable. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of trihalomethanes formation and chemical and microbiological quality through four raw surface waters as well as finished tap waters. The seasonal changes on trihalomethane formation and concentration of organic precursors were examined. Results show that disinfection for Algerian drinking water reduces the risk of pathogenic infection but may pose chemical threat to human health due to high levels of by-products such as t

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Gurian, Patrick L., and Joel A. Tarr. "The origin of federal drinking water quality standards." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage 164, no. 1 (2011): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ehah.9.00009.

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Rolston, Alec, and Suzanne Linnane. "Drinking Water Source Protection for Surface Water Abstractions: An Overview of the Group Water Scheme Sector in the Republic of Ireland." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092437.

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Source protection is part of a multi-solution approach for the provision of safe drinking water. In the Republic of Ireland, community-led Group Water Schemes (GWS) provide treated drinking water to approximately 69,000 rural households. Between 2009 and 2019, preliminary source protection assessments were undertaken for 70 GWS abstracting from surface water sources to provide physical catchment characterisation and untreated and treated water quality analysis. Catchment areas upstream of abstraction points varied in size, with 51.5% being less than 5 km2 and only 10.7% being larger than 100 k

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Utami, Ayu Widya, Dwi Nowo Martono, and Haruki Agustina. "Water Quality Assessment of West Tarum Canal for Drinking Water Supply." E3S Web of Conferences 277 (2021): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127704003.

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West Tarum Canal (WTC) is a canal that drains raw water from the Jatiluhur Dam. Nearly 81% of the raw water for drinking water used by Jakarta’s people comes from this canal. However, various land uses such as agriculture, industry, settlements, and infrastructure development impact WTC’s water quality. This research aims to assess WTC’s water quality in 2016-2020 based on water quality standards set by the Government and using the STORET method. The results of this research indicate that the concentrations of TDS (142-351 mg/L), Fe (0.1-0.15 mg/L), Mn (0.03-0.1 mg/L) are meet the standards, w

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Nhongo, Kuitakwashe, Zvikomborero Hoko, and Jameson Kugara. "Investigating disinfectant by-products in Harare potable water supply, Zimbabwe." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 3 (2018): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.104.

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Abstract Formation of disinfectant by-products was investigated in the Harare water supply system from February to April 2015. Sampling sites were selected from the lake, Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works and critical points in the distribution system. The spatial variations of trihalomethanes and selected water quality parameters were investigated for 15 sampling points in 5 sampling campaigns to assess suitability for drinking. All trihalomethane species were measured, namely chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform. Only chloroform and bromodichloromethane wer

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17

Koju, Neel Kamal, Tista Prasai, Sujen Man Shrestha, and Prakash Raut. "Drinking Water Quality of Kathmandu Valley." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 1 (2015): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i1.12027.

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This research was conducted to analyze drinking water quality of Kathmandu valley. Total 969 water samples (392 from dug wells, 287 from deep boring, 218 from treated water, 46 from tap and 26 from other water sources) received from different places of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur districts during March 2012 to March 2013. These samples were analyzed for the determination of physical (pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity), chemical (hardness, chloride, iron, arsenic, ammonia, nitrate) and microbiological (total Coliform) parameters. It was found that the temperature and nitrate were w

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18

Tsitsifli, Stavroula, and Vasilis Kanakoudis. "Developing THMs’ Predictive Models in Two Water Supply Systems in Greece." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051422.

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Disinfection is a very significant water treatment process for drinking water safety, as it inactivates pathogens from drinking water. However, disinfection-by-products (DBPs) are formed which are accused of contributing to cancer and reproductive/developmental effects. Research has provided many predictive models for the formation of DBPs based on various water quality parameters and following different methodologies. The present study aims at developing predictive models for the formation of DBPs in two drinking water supply systems in Greece. Data from the water supply systems are used. A s

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19

Kreisel, W. "Water Quality and Health." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 1-3 (1991): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0416.

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Water quality can affect human health in various ways: through breeding of vectors, presence of pathogenic protozoa, helminths, bacteria and viruses, or through inorganic and organic chemicals. While traditional concern has been with pathogens and gastro-intestinal diseases, chemical pollutants in drinking-water supplies have in many instances reached proportions which affect human health, especially in cases of chronic exposure. Treatment of drinking-water, often grossly inadequate in developing countries, is the last barrier of health protection, but control at source is more effective for p

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20

Lee, Han-Keng, Yir-Yarn Yeh, and Wei-Ming Chen. "Cancer risk analysis and assessment of trihalomethanes in drinking water." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 21, no. 1 (2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-006-0039-4.

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21

Mohammed, Zainab Bahaa. "Evaluation the water quality of the potable water network in Al-Shuala/ Baghdad City." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 13, no. 28 (2019): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v13i28.249.

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In this research, the water quality of the potable water network inAl-Shuala Baghdad city were evaluated and compare them with theIraqi standards (IQS) for drinking water and World HealthOrganization standards (WHO), then water quality index (WQI) werecalculator: pH, heavy metals (lead, cadmium and iron), chlorides,total hardness, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid andelectrical conductivity. Water samples are collected weekly duringthe period from February 2015 to April 2015 from ten sites. Resultsshow that the chlorides, total dissolved solid and electricalconductivity less t

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22

Maharjan, Sujan, Tista Prasai Joshi, and Sujen Man Shrestha. "Poor Quality of Treated Water in Kathmandu: Comparison with Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards." Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology 5 (September 26, 2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tujm.v5i0.22319.

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Objectives: In order to evaluate the quality assurance of drinking water in Kathmandu valley, this study analyzed selected physiochemical and microbial parameters of treated water samples and compared with Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS). Methods: Treated water samples were collected from all over the Kathmandu valley and analyzed in terms of physicochemical and microbiological parameters over the period of one year from July 2017 to July 2018. The physio-chemical parameters of water samples were performed according to standard methods for the examination of water and wast

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23

Deryabkina, L. A., B. I. Marchenko, N. K. Plugotarenko, and A. I. Yukhno. "Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.08.

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In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal

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Deryabkina, L. A., B. I. Marchenko, N. K. Plugotarenko, and A. I. Yukhno. "Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.08.eng.

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In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal

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Li, Rebecca A., James A. McDonald, Arumugam Sathasivan, and Stuart J. Khan. "A multivariate Bayesian network analysis of water quality factors influencing trihalomethanes formation in drinking water distribution systems." Water Research 190 (February 2021): 116712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116712.

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Tubić, Aleksandra, Božo Dalmacija, Jasmina Agbaba, Ivana Ivančev-Tumbas, Mile Klašnja, and Milena Dalmacija. "Tracking disinfection by-products and arsenic removal during various drinking water treatment trains." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (2010): 3169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.926.

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In the central Banat region (Northern Serbia), groundwater is used as a drinking water source. Raw water originates from a 40–80 m and 100–150 m deep layer. It contains a high amount of natural organic matter (DOC = 9.17 ± 0.87 mg C/L) with a trihalomethanes formation potential of 448 ± 88.2 μg/L and a haloacetic acid formation potential of 174 ± 68.9 μg/L. A high amount of arsenic (86.0 ± 3.4 μg/L) is also found in this water. This study used a pilot-scale system to investigate the possibilities of combining polyaluminium chloride and ferrous-chloride to remove disinfection by-products precur

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Slavik, Irene, Keila Roberta Oliveira, Peter Batista Cheung, and Wolfgang Uhl. "Water quality aspects related to domestic drinking water storage tanks and consideration in current standards and guidelines throughout the world – a review." Journal of Water and Health 18, no. 4 (2020): 439–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2020.052.

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Abstract In many parts of the world, drinking water storage takes place in near-house or in-house tanks. This can impact drinking water quality considerably. International and numerous national standards and guidelines addressing the construction, installation and operation of domestic drinking water storage tanks are reviewed on their consideration of water quality aspects and the minimisation of health risks associated with drinking water storage. Several national and international standards and guidelines are reviewed in terms of drinking water quality requirements. Factors that have an imp

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Ahmed, Jamil, Li Ping Wong, Yan Piaw Chua, and Najeebullah Channa. "Drinking Water Quality Mapping Using Water Quality Index and Geospatial Analysis in Primary Schools of Pakistan." Water 12, no. 12 (2020): 3382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123382.

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Primary school children in the developing world often lack potable water, which may result in a high burden of water-related diseases and poor school performance. The present study aimed to characterize the drinking water quality in primary schools of Pakistan. We used a multistage random-sampling method to select 425 primary schools from selected districts of Sindh province. Standard methods were used to characterize water quality. The results were compared with maximum acceptable values recommended by the Pakistani National Environmental Quality Standards (Pak NEQS) and the World Health Orga

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29

Khafiya, Nida'an, Linda Dewanti, and Wiwin Retnowati. "Comparation Between Station Management and Water Source on the Quality of Refill Drinking Water in Surabaya." Health Notions 4, no. 10 (2020): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/hn41005.

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Drinking water is both a basic human need and a strong determinant of health. In Indonesia, there are drinking water refill stations (DWRS) which conveniently offer refill drinking water at affordable price. This study aims to determine whether station management amd raw water source influence the quality of drinking water. This cross-sectional study used primary data from questionnaires filled by DWRS owners and secondary data about the quality of refill drinking water from the Surabaya City Health Department. Data was then analyzed by using Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. From 33 register

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30

Roig, Benoit, Estelle Baures, and Olivier Thomas. "Perspectives on drinking water monitoring for small scale water systems." Water Supply 14, no. 1 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.211.

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Drinking water (DW) is increasingly subject to environmental and human threats that alter the quality of the resource and potentially of the distributed water. These threats can be both biological and chemical in nature, and are often cumulated. The increase of technical frame of water quality monitoring following the evolution of water quality standards guarantee the regulation compliance in general but is not sufficient for the survey of small scale water system efficiency. The existing monitoring is not well suited to insure a good quality of distributed water, especially in the event of a

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31

Baghel, Anuradha, and Beer Singh. "Emerging Potable Water Technologies." Defence Life Science Journal 1, no. 2 (2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.1.10739.

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Water is essential to keep up life, especially safe drinking water is one of the first priorities. As water quality is important, many nations endeavor to guard the water and to increase access to potable water. Fortification of water supplies from contamination is the earliest stripe of defence. Water purification is very important aspect, presently there are number of drinking water technologies available mostly based on ion exchange, ultra filtration and reverse osmosis techniques, but still about five million people die annually from water born diseases. The objective of this review is to

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Φωτίου, E., and N. Κολοβός. "EVALUATION OF BOTTLED WATER QUALITY." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 36, no. 4 (2004): 2087. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16708.

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The investigation and the evaluation of the bottled water parameters and their relation to the human health is the main target of this paper. Thirty three samples of bottled water were investigated and the quality parameters were compared according to the standards introduced by EC (instruction 80/778 - 15/07/80) of the drinking water. The physicochemical parameters include pH, conductivity, CI, S04, Si02, Ca, Mg, Na, Κ, F, total hardness and alkalinity.

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Kumari, Minashree, and Sunil Kumar Gupta. "WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND KINETICS OF TRIHALOMETHANES FORMATION IN DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES - A COMPLETE BATCH STUDY." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 19, no. 3 (2020): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2020.041.

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Islamova, Aysylu Ayratovna, Maria Yuryevna Kolbina, and Rishat Yakhievich Safikhanov. "Environmental monitoring of drinking water quality of Birsk central water supply." Samara Journal of Science 6, no. 2 (2017): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201762110.

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This paper examines effects of drinking water components, namely calcium and magnesium ions on the human body as well as it lists the main diseases that occur with prolonged use of hard water. Kostarevsky water intake is described as the only source of centralized water supply of the city. The paper contains data of ecological monitoring of drinking water taken from Kostarevsky water intake in Birsk from 2015 to 2017. The authors compare drinking water in Birsk and some other cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The chemical composition of the water was determined by titrimetric, gravimetr

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Rogers, S. E., and W. C. Lauer. "Denver's Demonstration of Potable Water Reuse: Water Quality and Health Effects Testing." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 7-8 (1992): 1555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0599.

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The product water of the Denver (Colorado) Potable Water Reuse Demonstration Plant is compared to national and international standards for drinking water quality and with the high quality of the present drinking water supply. For parameters which cannot be analyzed or quantified, health effects testing is performed on concentrates of the existing and the innovative supplies. In order to determine relative risk, the health effects are assessed using the measures of chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity. For measurable constituents, the potable reuse product water equals o

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Ross, Petra, Kim van Schagen, and Luuk Rietveld. "Design methodology to determine the water quality monitoring strategy of a surface water treatment plant in the Netherlands." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 13, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-13-1-2020.

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Abstract. The primary goal of a drinking water company is to produce safe drinking water fulfilling the quality standards defined by national and international guidelines. To ensure the produced drinking water meets the quality standards, the sampling of the drinking water is carried out on a regular (almost daily) basis. It is a dilemma that the operator wishes to have a high probability of detecting a bias while minimizing their measuring effort. In this paper a seven-step design methodology is described which helps to determine a water quality (WQ) monitoring scheme. Besides using soft sens

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Deyab, Mohamed, Magda El-Adl, Fatma Ward, and Eman Omar. "Trophic status, phytoplankton diversity, and water quality at Kafr El-Shinawy drinking-water treatment plant, Damietta." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 70, no. 3 (2021): 342–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2021.122.

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Abstract This work aims to study the seasonal fluctuation in physicochemical characteristics, trophic status, and some pollutants influencing phytoplankton diversity, and water quality at a compact Kafr El-Shinawy drinking-water treatment plant, Damietta – Egypt seasonally during 2018. Phytoplankton distribution was affected by the trophic status of water, level of pollutants, and physicochemical treatment processes of water. The predominance of phytoplankton species, especially Aphanizomenon flos aquae (Cyanophyta), Gomphosphaeria lacustris (Cyanophyta), Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanophyta), N

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MAGARA, Yasumoto. "The Revision of Drinking Water Quality Standards and Its Background." Waste Management Research 4, no. 2 (1993): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.4.139.

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Silverman, Gary S. "Community benefits and costs of surpassing drinking water quality standards." Journal - American Water Works Association 99, no. 5 (2007): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2007.tb07932.x.

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Vanderslice, Robert R., Jennifer Orme, Edward V. Ohanian, and Cynthia Sonich-Mullin. "Problems in Assessing the Risks of Mixtures of Contaminants in Drinking Water." Toxicology and Industrial Health 5, no. 5 (1989): 747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378900500512.

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In conducting risk assessments on drinking water contaminants, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) attempts to evaluate all available toxicity data to develop Health Advisory (HA) and Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) values. The EPA often has grappled with the issues surrounding the toxic ity of chemical mixtures, including radioactive contaminants, nitrate/nitrite, and trihalomethanes (THMs). In evaluating the tox icity of chemical mixtures, the EPA's immediate concern is whether the individual HA values and MCLGs are protecting public health when multiple contaminants are pr

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Islam, Md Atikul, Md Ali Akber, and Prosun Kumar Ghosh. "Water quality of small-scale desalination plants in southwest coastal Bangladesh." Water Supply 18, no. 5 (2017): 1606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.222.

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Abstract Southwest coastal Bangladesh has an acute scarcity of safe drinking water. Both the government and non-government organizations are now promoting reverse osmosis based small scale desalination plants (SSDPs) to ensure safe drinking water. The aim of this study was to assess the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the desalination plants (DPs) installed in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from the inlet and outlet of 10 DPs. The product water mostly complied with water quality standards. High levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical co

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Maiolo, Mario, and Daniela Pantusa. "Multivariate Analysis of Water Quality Data for Drinking Water Supply Systems." Water 13, no. 13 (2021): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131766.

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Vulnerability of drinking water supply systems (DWSSs) depends on different factors such as failures, loss of security, man-made threats, and the change and deterioration of supply-water quality. Currently, the lifespan of several DWSSs worldwide has been exceeded, exasperating these issues. The monitoring activity and the transparency of information on water availability and quality are becoming increasingly important in accordance with the national regulations and standards, and with guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). These activities can be considered as support and guidance

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Khasanova, R. F., Ya T. Suyundukov, I. N. Semenova, and Yu S. Rafikova. "QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN MINING AREAS." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/19-2/13.

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The paper presents the results of a drinking water quality study in towns located in the mining areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan, The Russian Federation. The objects of the study were underground water supply sources and water distribution networks of the towns of Uchaly, Sibay, and Baimak. In total, 30 water wells were examined, and five water samples were collected from the water distribution network in each town. The water quality indicators were pH, solid residue, total hardness, copper content, zinc content, iron content, and manganese content. The water quality in water distributio

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Bülent Selek. "Assessment of Surface Drinking Water Resources of Turkey in Terms of Water Quality Standards." Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology 42, no. 5 (2020): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1063455x20050124.

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Allaire, Maura, Haowei Wu, and Upmanu Lall. "National trends in drinking water quality violations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 9 (2018): 2078–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719805115.

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Ensuring safe water supply for communities across the United States is a growing challenge in the face of aging infrastructure, impaired source water, and strained community finances. In the aftermath of the Flint lead crisis, there is an urgent need to assess the current state of US drinking water. However, no nationwide assessment has yet been conducted on trends in drinking water quality violations across several decades. Efforts to reduce violations are of national concern given that, in 2015, nearly 21 million people relied on community water systems that violated health-based quality sta

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Chowdhury, Shakhawat, Pascale Champagne, and P. James McLellan. "Factors Influencing Formation of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water: Results from Multivariate Statistical Investigation of the Ontario Drinking Water Surveillance Program Database." Water Quality Research Journal 43, no. 2-3 (2008): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2008.022.

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Abstract The presence of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water is an important issue in the context of their potential health effects. Numerous studies have developed models in the past three decades relating THMs concentrations to different factors (e.g., dissolved organic carbon [DOC], chlorine dose, pH, etc.). Previous studies characterized the importance of specific factors through controlled studies using synthetic water or source waters from a small number of water treatment plants. Few studies have reported looking for factors related to THMs formation system-wide across many differe

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Gao, Yu Nan, Xiang Yu Tang, Jin Xiang Fu, and Shui Liu. "Analysis of Some Problems about the Detection Capabilities of the Drinking Water Quality Standards." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 2034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.2034.

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The numbers of index of Chinese standards for drinking water quality increased from 17 by the Health Regulation for Drinking water promulgated 1959 to106 by the current Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2006). The Standard has been developed at the same pace with the world. However, there were some hysteretic problems in the process of standards implementation due to the detection technique. The article was aimed at making suggestions on improving detection capability and testing equipment, making programs on the technical personnel and the regional differences. The present research

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Malkova, M. A., M. Y. Vozhdaeva, E. A. Kantor, and I. A. Melnitskii. "Comparison of drinking water quality in terms of relative concentrations and carcinogenic risks of trihalomethanes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 315 (August 23, 2019): 052052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/315/5/052052.

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Pandey, Bishnu, and Suman Shakya. "Rural Drinking Water Quality Status in Central Development Region, Nepal: A Comparative Study of Spring water and Ground water." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 9 (November 24, 2012): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v9i0.7074.

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This study assesses the rural drinking water quality status in Central Development Region of Nepal. With a total of 250 samples collected from 15 districts of the region, drinking water quality of spring water and ground water representing hill and Terai (lowland) regions were tested and compared for their physicochemical parameters and faecal coliform contamination.None of the spring samples as well as ground water samples violated National Drinking Water Standards (NDWS) for electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), appearance, chloride and nit

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Khan, Amir Ali, Renée Paterson, and Haseen Khan. "Modification and Application of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) for the Communication of Drinking Water Quality Data in Newfoundland and Labrador." Water Quality Research Journal 39, no. 3 (2004): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2004.039.

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Abstract In Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), drinking water quality monitoring is conducted by the provincial government on all public water supply systems and results are communicated to communities on a quarterly basis. This paper describes the application of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) as a communications tool for reporting the drinking water quality results. The CCME WQI simplifies the communication of results while integrating local expert opinion, without challenging the integrity of the data. The NL Department of Environment and Con

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