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Journal articles on the topic 'Trimethylene'

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1

Kumar, Shalvin, David Rohindra, Roselyn Lata, Keiichi Kuboyama, and Toshiaki Ougizawa. "Structural Changes in Poly(trimethylene adipate) and Poly(trimethylene succinate) During Melt Crystallization Studied Using In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 71, no. 11 (2017): 2488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702817720224.

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This paper investigates the structural changes occurring in poly(trimethylene adipate) (PTAd) and poly(trimethylene succinate) (PTSu) during melt crystallization using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Cooling thermograms revealed that PTAd had a faster crystallization rate than PTSu. Infrared (IR) bands of the two polyesters were assigned by correlating with the IR bands of polymers containing the trimethylene and the diacid segments. The bands at 1478, 1459, 1393, and 1364 cm−1 in PTAd and 1475, 1459, 1393, and 1361 cm−1 in PTSu were designated to the CH2 of the trimethylene segment. Changes in the IR band absorbance intensities of the CH2 and the C–O–C groups were monitored with time during melt crystallization. Structural changes of the trimethylene and diacid segments of PTAd occurred synchronously, while in PTSu the two segments changed sequentially. Normalized band intensities showed a time lag between the trimethylene and succinic acid segments. The acid segment showed a faster change compared to the trimethylene segment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is shown to be a useful technique to study conformational changes during crystallization in polymers.
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2

Tamura, Masazumi, Keitaro Matsuda, Yoshinao Nakagawa, and Keiichi Tomishige. "Ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate to poly(trimethylene carbonate) diol over a heterogeneous high-temperature calcined CeO2 catalyst." Chemical Communications 54, no. 99 (2018): 14017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc08405j.

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CeO<sub>2</sub> calcined at 1273 K was an effective reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of poly(trimethylene carbonate) diol by ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate under neat conditions without any additives.
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3

Turnbull, David M., Michael G. Sowa, and Bryan R. Henry. "CH Stretching Overtone Spectra of Trimethylene Oxide and Trimethylene Sulfide." Journal of Physical Chemistry 100, no. 32 (1996): 13433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp961045i.

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4

Park, Sang Wook, and Young Ho Kim. "Thermal Properties of Poly(trimethylene terephthalate-co-trimethylene isophthalate)s." Textile Science and Engineering 49, no. 5 (2012): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12772/tse.2012.49.5.331.

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5

WADA, A., H. KUBOTA, M. TAKETA, H. MIURA, and Y. IWAMOTO. "Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Polyglycolide-Trimethylene Carbonate (Maxon) and Polydioxanone Sutures (PDS2) used for Flexor Tendon Repair and Active Mobilization." Journal of Hand Surgery 27, no. 4 (2002): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2002.0767.

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Thirty-six canine flexor digitorum profundus tendons were repaired using 5-0 polyglycolide-trimethylene carbonate monofilament (Maxon) or polydioxanone monofilament (PDS2). All the tendons healed without rupture or formation of gaps of more than 2 mm. Mechanically, all tendon repairs had sufficient tensile strength to enable active mobilization. Polyglycolide-trimethylene carbonate (Maxon) repairs were initially superior in gap and ultimate strength to polydioxanone (PDS2) repairs. However, the gap and ultimate tensile strength of polyglycolide-trimethylene carbonate (Maxon) repairs had decreased significantly at day 14, whereas polydioxanone (PDS2) repairs maintained their strength throughout the 28-day observation period.
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6

KATO, Jinichiro. "Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Fiber." Kobunshi 52, no. 11 (2003): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.52.843.

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7

Handa, Y. P. "A calorimetric study of trimethylene oxide and its structure I and structure II clathrate hydrates in the temperature range 85 to 270 K." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 1 (1985): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-012.

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Heat capacities and dissociation properties of trimethylene oxide and its structure I and structure II clathrate hydrates in the temperature range 85 to 270 K were determined using a Tian–Calvet heat flow calorimeter. The hydrates dissociate incongruently. The heat capacities of the hydrates are similar in magnitude to those observed for other structure I and structure II hydrates. For the structure I hydrate two thermal anomalies were observed. The one centered at 107 K can be identified as due to ordering of the trimethylene oxide dipoles along the [Formula: see text] axes of the cages as suggested by the previous dielectric and nmr relaxation studies. The second centered at 168 K is interpreted as due to trimethylene oxide rich eutectic rather than due to some restructuring of the host lattice as has recently been suggested.
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8

Franco, L., S. Bedorin, and J. Puiggalí. "Comparative thermal degradation studies on glycolide/trimethylene carbonate and lactide/trimethylene carbonate copolymers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104, no. 6 (2007): 3539–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.25669.

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9

Darensbourg, Donald J., Adolfo Horn Jr, and Adriana I. Moncada. "A facile catalytic synthesis of trimethylene carbonate from trimethylene oxide and carbon dioxide." Green Chemistry 12, no. 8 (2010): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0gc00136h.

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10

Yao, Yu Yuan, Lian Chen Cui, Heng Shan Liu, Zhi Chao Huang, and Wen Xing Chen. "Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behaviors of Poly (Trimethylene Terephthalate Isophthalate-Co-Polyethylene Glycol) with Lower Melting Point." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.275.

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The non-isothermal crystallization behaviors of poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), poly (trimethylene terephthalate-co-isophthalate) (PTTI) and poly (trimethylene terephthalate isophthalate-co-polyethylene glycol) (PTTI-PEG) were investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The experimental results showed the crystallization temperature of PTT, PTTI and PTTI-PEG increased when the heating rate increased, and the Avrami exponents n of PTT, PTTI ranged from 3.5 to 5.5, and it was assumed that the non-isothermal crystallization mechanism for PTT and PTTI was the combination of homogenous and heterogeneous nucleation. However, the n value of PTTI-PEG was below 2.5, and the non-isothermal crystallization mechanism was ascribed to heterogeneous nucleation different from that of PTT and PTTI. The activation energy of PTTI increased with the IPA ratios increasing, and the activation energy of PTTI-PEG was the highest, suggesting that the crystallization rate was more sensitive to the temperature in comparison with PTT. Therefore, it was of great importance to control the temperature in processing.
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11

Wu, Fei, Xirong Chen, and Brad R. Weiner. "Photodissociation Dynamics of Trimethylene Sulfoxide." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 102, no. 9 (1998): 1450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp973080a.

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12

Jeong, Young Gyu, Won Ho Jo, and Sang Cheol Lee. "Synthesis, structure, and thermal property of poly(trimethylene terephthalate-co-trimethylene 2,6-naphthalate) copolymers." Fibers and Polymers 5, no. 3 (2004): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903008.

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13

Langlais, M., O. Coutelier, S. Moins, J. De Winter, O. Coulembier та M. Destarac. "Scope and limitations of ring-opening copolymerization of trimethylene carbonate with substituted γ-thiolactones". Polymer Chemistry 9, № 20 (2018): 2769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py00127h.

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14

Sun, Yu-Ling, Bei-Bei Zheng, and Wen Zhang. "Role of crystallization water molecules on hydrogen-bonded structures and dielectric phase transitions in amino trimethylene phosphonic acid-based crystals." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 12 (2017): 5142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj00612h.

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15

Jordan, Sumanas, Steven Schulz, Amanda Carraher, and David Cabiling. "Comparison of Polypropylene and Bioabsorbable Mesh for Abdominal Wall Reinforcement following Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 35, no. 05 (2018): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676470.

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Background Abdominal wall morbidity following microvascular breast reconstruction continues to be an area of interest due to both functional and aesthetic concerns. Donor-site closure technique has been shown to affect bulge and hernia rates and ranges from primary closure to various uses of mesh. Few studies to date have compared types of mesh. The present study compares BARD polypropylene to bioabsorbable GORE Bio-A (polyglycolic acid/trimethylene carbonate) mesh used as a fascial underlay with primary fascial closure. Methods A retrospective review of all consecutive deep inferior epigastric artery-based microvascular breast reconstructions, including perforator and muscle-sparing flaps, performed between September 2014 and February 2017 was performed. All patients underwent primary fascial closure with mesh underlay. Risk factors for the formation of an abdominal bulge or hernia were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Results Eighty-seven patients, with 123 abdominal donor sites, were included. Heavy-weight polypropylene mesh was used for 58 donor sites, while polyglycolic acid/trimethylene carbonate mesh was used in 65 donor sites. The overall incidence of bulge or hernia was 11.4%. The bioabsorbable cohort experienced significantly more bulges/hernias than the polypropylene mesh cohort (20% vs. 1.7% by donor site). Time to diagnosis of bulge was longer for the bioabsorbable group (219 ± 107 vs. 69 days). Flap type and perforator row were not associated with bulge/hernia. The polyglycolic acid/trimethylene carbonate mesh was associated with a 13.3-fold risk of bulge/hernia (p = 0.016). Conclusion Polyglycolic acid/trimethylene carbonate mesh is not appropriate for anterior rectus fascia reinforcement following abdominal tissue transfer.
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16

Mel’nikov, M. Ya, A. D. Kalugina, O. L. Mel’nikova, V. I. Pergushov, and D. A. Tyurin. "Photochemistry of trimethylene oxide and trimethylene sulfide radical cations in freonic matrices at 77 K." High Energy Chemistry 43, no. 4 (2009): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018143909040110.

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17

Wang, Xu-Li, Ren-Xi Zhuo, Shi-Wen Huang, Li-Jian Liu, and Feng He. "Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Poly[(5-benzyloxy-trimethylene carbonate)-co-(trimethylene carbonate)]." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 203, no. 7 (2002): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3935(20020401)203:7<985::aid-macp985>3.0.co;2-0.

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18

Hu, Chenglong, Shaoyun Chen, Weihong Zhang, Fangyan Xie, Jian Chen, and Xudong Chen. "Structural evolution analysis and cold-crystallization kinetics of spherical crystals in poly(trimethylene terephthalate) film using Raman spectroscopy." Soft Matter 11, no. 34 (2015): 6866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01605c.

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19

Karoui, Hedi, and Chris Ritchie. "Boronic acid and boronic ester containing polyoxometalates." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 47 (2016): 18838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt04197c.

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20

Kelsey, Donald R., Kathy S. Kiibler, and Pierre N. Tutunjian. "Thermal stability of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Polymer 46, no. 21 (2005): 8937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.015.

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21

Nelsen, Stephen F., Gaoquan Li, Kevin P. Schultz, Hieu Q. Tran, Ilia A. Guzei, and Dennis H. Evans. "Alkylated Trimethylene-Bridged Bis(p-Phenylenediamines)." Journal of the American Chemical Society 130, no. 35 (2008): 11620–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja802292g.

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22

Takahashi, Yasuhiro, and Ryoji Kojima. "Crystal Structure of Poly(trimethylene carbonate)." Macromolecules 36, no. 14 (2003): 5139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma030076q.

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23

Marcinčin, Anton, Marcela Hricová, Arun Aneja, Alexandra Andrejková, and Eva Körmendyová. "Polypropylene/Poly (Trimethylene Terephthalate)–Blend Fibers." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 45, no. 5 (2006): 945–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222340600796223.

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24

Huang, Jieh-Ming, and Feng-Chih Chang. "Crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 38, no. 7 (2000): 934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0488(20000401)38:7<934::aid-polb4>3.0.co;2-r.

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25

Zurita, Raül, Jordi Puiggalí, Lourdes Franco, and Alfonso Rodríguez-Galán. "Copolymerization of glycolide and trimethylene carbonate." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 44, no. 2 (2005): 993–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.21199.

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26

Chung, Wei-Tsung, Wei-Jun Yeh, and Po-Da Hong. "Melting behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 83, no. 11 (2002): 2426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.10206.

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27

Kim, Joon Ho, Joon Jung Lee, Ji Young Yoon, Won Seok Lyoo, and Richard Kotek. "Alkaline depolymerization of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 82, no. 1 (2001): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1828.

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28

Chuah, Hoe H. "Intrinsic birefringence of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 40, no. 14 (2002): 1513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.10211.

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29

Pyda, M., A. Boller, J. Grebowicz, H. Chuah, B. V. Lebedev, and B. Wunderlich. "Heat capacity of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36, no. 14 (1998): 2499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0488(199810)36:14<2499::aid-polb4>3.0.co;2-o.

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30

Yao, Chenguang, and Guisheng Yang. "Cracking in poly(trimethylene terephthalate) spherulites." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 111, no. 4 (2009): 1713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.29138.

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31

Dankers, Patricia Y. W., Zheng Zhang, Eva Wisse, et al. "Oligo(trimethylene carbonate)-Based Supramolecular Biomaterials." Macromolecules 39, no. 25 (2006): 8763–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma061078o.

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32

Chuah, Hoe H. "Crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)." Polymer Engineering & Science 41, no. 2 (2001): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.10730.

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33

Heo, Young Min, Jun Mo Koo, Dong Ki Hwang, Jong Gun JaeGal, Sung Yeon Hwang, and Seung Soon Im. "Synthesis and characteristics of biobased copolyester for thermal shrinkage film." RSC Advances 6, no. 62 (2016): 57626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra10333b.

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A series of poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethyl-trimethylene glycol terephthalate), (PCTG), co-polyesters were synthesized using 1,3-propanediol (PDO) and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) via melt polymerization.
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34

Yang, Liqun, Jianxin Li, Ying Jin, Jinzhe Zhang, Miao Li та Zhongwei Gu. "Highly efficient cross-linking of poly(trimethylene carbonate) via bis(trimethylene carbonate) or bis(ε-caprolactone)". Polymer 55, № 26 (2014): 6686–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.10.072.

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35

Zhang, Chao, Nivedita Sangaj, Yongsung Hwang, Ameya Phadke, Chien-Wen Chang, and Shyni Varghese. "Oligo(trimethylene carbonate)–poly(ethylene glycol)–oligo(trimethylene carbonate) triblock-based hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering." Acta Biomaterialia 7, no. 9 (2011): 3362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.05.024.

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36

Zhang, Ying, and Ren-xi Zhuo. "Synthesis and drug release behavior of poly (trimethylene carbonate)–poly (ethylene glycol)–poly (trimethylene carbonate) nanoparticles." Biomaterials 26, no. 14 (2005): 2089–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.06.004.

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37

Batke, S., T. Kothe, M. Haas, H. Wadepohl, and J. Ballmann. "Diamidophosphines with six-membered chelates and their coordination chemistry with group 4 metals: development of a trimethylene-methane-tethered [PN2]-type “molecular claw”." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 8 (2016): 3528–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt04911c.

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38

Takemura, Kazuya, Hiroharu Ajiro, Tomoko Fujiwara, and Mitsuru Akashi. "Oil gels with a chemically cross-linked copolymer of a trimethylene carbonate derivative and l-lactide: preparation and stereocomplex formation within gels." RSC Adv. 4, no. 63 (2014): 33462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05341a.

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39

A. R, Ajitha, Mohammed Arif P, Aswathi M. K, et al. "An effective EMI shielding material based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) blend nanocomposites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 16 (2018): 13915–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj02410c.

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The effects of blend ratio and MWCNT loading on the morphology, electrical properties and electromagnetic shielding performance of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/polypropylene (PP) blend nanocomposites were studied.
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40

Li, Xiang, Frédéric Becquart, Mohamed Taha, et al. "Tuning the thermoreversible temperature domain of PTMC-based networks with thermosensitive links concentration." Soft Matter 16, no. 11 (2020): 2815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01882d.

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In this work, thermoreversible poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) based networks with different crosslinking densities were obtained by Diels–Alder (DA) reaction between furan-functionalized PTMC precursors and a bismaleimide.
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41

Bergfelt, Andreas, Matthew J. Lacey, Jonas Hedman, Christofer Sångeland, Daniel Brandell та Tim Bowden. "ε-Caprolactone-based solid polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries: synthesis, electrochemical characterization and mechanical stabilization by block copolymerization". RSC Advances 8, № 30 (2018): 16716–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra00377g.

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Three different polymers were synthesized and evaluated as solid polymer electrolytes: poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), polystyrene-poly(ε-caprolactone) (SC), and polystyrene-poly(ε-caprolactone-r-trimethylene carbonate) (SCT).
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42

Fuchise, Keita, Kazuhiko Sato, and Masayasu Igarashi. "Precise synthesis of linear polysiloxanes with a polar side-chain structure by organocatalytic controlled/living ring-opening polymerization of (3-cyanopropyl)pentamethylcyclotrisiloxane." Polymer Chemistry 12, no. 22 (2021): 3321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py00391g.

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Organocatalytic controlled/living ring-opening polymerization of (3-cyanopropyl)pentamethylcyclotrisiloxane using 1,3-trimethylene-2-methylguanidine as the catalyst produced various linear polysiloxanes with nitrile groups on the side chains.
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43

Fukushima, K. "Poly(trimethylene carbonate)-based polymers engineered for biodegradable functional biomaterials." Biomaterials Science 4, no. 1 (2016): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5bm00123d.

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This review presents recent examples of applications and functionalization strategies of poly(trimethylene carbonate), its copolymers, and its derivatives to exploit the unique physicochemical properties of the aliphatic polycarbonate backbone.
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44

Xu, Jiaxi, Kun Yang, Zhenjiang Li, et al. "Tunable intramolecular H-bonding promotes benzoic acid activity in polymerization: inspiration from nature." Polym. Chem. 8, no. 41 (2017): 6398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py01451a.

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Intramolecular H-bonding of ortho-amido group(s) tuned benzoic acid into strong Brønsted acid active in ring-opening polymerizations of lactones and trimethylene carbonate at room temperature in solutions.
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45

Fliedel, Christophe, Vitor Rosa, Filipa M. Alves, Ana M. Martins, Teresa Avilés та Samuel Dagorne. "P,O-Phosphinophenolate zinc(ii) species: synthesis, structure and use in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide, ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate". Dalton Transactions 44, № 27 (2015): 12376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt00458f.

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Structurally diverse phosphinophenolate Zn(ii) heteroleptic and homoleptic compounds are reported, some of which efficiently mediate the controlled ROP of lactide, ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate under living and immortal conditions.
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46

R, Ajitha A., Mohammed Arif P, Aswathi M. K, et al. "Correction: An effective EMI shielding material based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) blend nanocomposites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 20 (2018): 17138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj90098a.

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Correction for ‘An effective EMI shielding material based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate) blend nanocomposites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes’ by Ajitha A. R et al., New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 13915–13926.
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47

Xiao, Lei, Yan Zhang, Xiaohong Wang, et al. "Preparation of a superfine RDX/Al composite as an energetic material by mechanical ball-milling method and the study of its thermal properties." RSC Advances 8, no. 66 (2018): 38047–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07650b.

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To research the influence of aluminum (Al) on the decomposition of 1,3,5-trimethylene trinitramine (RDX), superfine RDX/Al composite with a mass ratio of 70/30 was prepared by mechanical ball milling.
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48

Li, Zhong-Mei, Guo-Ping Yan, Chao-Wu Ai, et al. "Synthesis and properties of polycarbonate copolymers of trimethylene carbonate and 2-phenyl-5,5-bis(hydroxymethyl) trimethylene carbonate." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 124, no. 5 (2011): 3704–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.35386.

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49

Guo, Zhengchao, Jia Liang, Marc J K Ankone, André A. Poot, Dirk W. Grijpma, and Honglin Chen. "Fabrication of poly (trimethylene carbonate)/reduced graphene oxide-graft-poly (trimethylene carbonate) composite scaffolds for nerve regeneration." Biomedical Materials 14, no. 2 (2019): 024104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-605x/ab0053.

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50

Chakoumakos, B. C., C. J. Rawn, A. J. Rondinone, et al. "Temperature dependence of polyhedral cage volumes in clathrate hydrates." Canadian Journal of Physics 81, no. 1-2 (2003): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p02-141.

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Abstract:
The polyhedral cage volumes of structure I (sI) (carbon dioxide, methane, trimethylene oxide) and structure II (sII) (methane–ethane, propane, tetrahydrofuran, trimethylene oxide) hydrates are computed from atomic positions determined from neutron powder-diffraction data. The ideal structural formulas for sI and sII are, respectively, S2L6 · 46H2O and S16L'8 · 136H2O, where S denotes a polyhedral cage with 20 vertices, L a 24-cage, and L' a 28-cage. The space-filling polyhedral cages are defined by the oxygen atoms of the hydrogen-bonded network of water molecules. Collectively, the mean cage volume ratio is 1.91 : 1.43 : 1 for the 28-cage : 24-cage : 20-cage, which correspond to equivalent sphere radii of 4.18, 3.79, and 3.37 Å, respectively. At 100 K, mean polyhedral volumes are 303.8, 227.8, and 158.8 Å3 for the 28-cage, 24-cage, and 20-cage, respectively. In general, the 20-cage volume for a sII is larger than that of a sI, although trimethylene oxide is an exception. The temperature dependence of the cage volumes reveals differences between apparently similar cages with similar occupants. In the case of trimethylene oxide hydrate, which forms both sI and sII, the 20-cages common to both structures contract quite differently. From 220 K, the sII 20-cage exhibits a smooth monotonic reduction in size, whereas the sI 20-cage initially expands upon cooling to 160 K, then contracts more rapidly to 10 K, and overall the sI 20-cage is larger than the sII 20-cage. The volumes of the large cages in both structures contract monotonically with decreasing temperature. These differences reflect reoriented motion of the trimethyelene oxide molecule in the 24-cage of sI, consistent with previous spectroscopic and calorimetric studies. For the 20-cages in methane hydrate (sI) and a mixed methane–ethane hydrate (sII), both containing methane as the guest molecule, the temperature dependence of the 20-cage volume in sII is much less than that in sI, but sII is overall larger in volume. PACS Nos.: 82.75, 61.66H, 65.40D, 61.12
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