Journal articles on the topic 'Trinidad-et-Tobago'

English Compared with the rest of the English-speaking Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago is disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This article outlines a recent venture between researchers in Chicago and a Trinidadian social service agency to adapt a US-based HIV prevention intervention for teens. French En comparaison avec les autre nations caraïbéennes anglophones, les îles de Trinidad et Tobago sont affectées de fac¸ on disproportionnée par le VIH et le SIDA. Cet article révè le les contours d'une expérience récente entreprise par des chercheurs de Chicago en collaboration avec une agence de services sociaux de Trinidad, visant à adapter un programme développéaux états- Unis en prévention du VIH et en intervention auprè s d'adolescents. Spanish En comparació n con el resto de los países caribeños de habla inglesa, Trinidad y Tobago han sido afectados desproporcionadamente por VIH/ SIDA. Se describe una iniciativa tomada recientemente por investigadores de Chicago y una agencia de servicio social de Trinidad. Esta iniciativa trata de adaptar a Trinidad una intervenció n preventiva desarrollada en EE.UU. adolescentes.

Comme Trinidad, la Guadeloupe, la Guyane et la Martinique ont en partage – avec quelques autres territoires voisins – l’expérience d’une immigration indienne au XIX ème siècle qui, dans des proportions très variables, a un peu reconfiguré leurs sociétés créoles telles qu’elles se donnent à voir au début du XXI ème . L’empreinte ainsi laissée par cette séquence historique est incomparablement plus puissante à Trinidad que dans la Caraïbe française où elle est davantage de l’ordre du filigrane, mais dont les traits s’accentuent progressivement grâce à un militantisme culturel amorcé à partir des années 1960 par des guadeloupéens, martiniquais et guyanais d’ascendance indienne, ou métissée indienne. La conférence d’aujourd’hui à l’Alliance Française de Port- d’Espagne, à Trinidad & Tobago, s’articulera autour de deux grands axes : le premier touchant à l’histoire de cette immigration du XIX ème siècle dans les colonies de la France dans la Caraïbe ; le second portant un regard socioculturel sur le reflet indien des sociétés créoles de la Caraïbe française d’aujourd’hui.

The genus Dossenus Simon, 1903 was revised by Silva et al. (2007) and includes two species: D. marginatus Simon, 1898 (type-species) (Trinidad-Tobago, Colombia, Peru, Brazil) and D. guapore Silva, Lise & Carico, 2007 (Panama, Colombia, Brazil). Silva & Lise (2010) recently described and illustrated the male of D. guapore from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Members of this genus are characterised by the median dark brown band on the carapace extending to the abdomen, the spoon-like shape of the median apophysis on the male palpus resembling that of Enna O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 and the female epigynum, which has a slightly projected scape (Silva et al. 2007).

Comment un instrument de musique à l’ergonomie aussi difficile que le double tenor pan a-t-il pu se diffuser aussi largement dans les steelbands, ces orchestres de métallophones de Trinidad et Tobago, alors que l’évolution topologique des autres instruments tendait au contraire vers la rationalisation ? On tentera d’abord de comprendre ce qui rend cet instrument cognitivement si coûteux, puis on analysera ce qui a fait son succès. On verra notamment que le parcours de son concepteur, Bertie Marshall, est essentiel dans la construction des représentations à son égard.

[First paragraph]Transients to Settlers: The Experience of Indians in Jamaica 1845-J950. VERENE SHEPHERD. Leeds, U.K.: Peepal Tree Books, 1993. 281 pp. (Paper £12.95)Survivors of Another Crossing: A History of East Indians in Trinidad, 1880-1946. MARIANNE D. SOARES RAMESAR. St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago: U.W.I. School of Continuing Education, 1994. xiii + 190 pp. (Paper n.p.)Les Indes Antillaises: Presence et situation des communautes indiennes en milieu caribeen. ROGER TOUMSON (ed.). Paris: L'Harmattan, 1994. 264 pp. (Paper 140.00 FF)Nation and Migration: The Politics of Space in the South Asian Diaspora. PETER VAN DER VEER (ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995. vi + 256 pp. (Cloth US$ 39.95, Paper US$ 17.95)In the decade since 1988, Caribbean nations with Indian communities have commemorated the 150th anniversary of the arrival of East Indians to the West Indies. These celebrations are part of local revitalization movements of Indian culture and identity stretching from the French departement of Guadeloupe in the Windward Islands to Trinidad and Guyana in the south. Political changes have mirrored the cultural revival in the region. While the debate so often in the past centered on the legitimacy of East Indian claims to local nationality in these societies where African or Creole cultures dominate, in the 1990s leaders of Indian descent were elected heads of government in the two Caribbean nations with the most populous East Indian communities: Cheddi Jagan as President of Guyana in October 1992 (after a 28-year hiatus) and Basdeo Panday as Prime Minister of Trinidad in November 1995. Both men have long been associated with their respective countries' struggles for economic, political, and social equality. Outside the region during the summer of 1997, fiftieth-anniversary celebrations marking the independence of India and Pakistan from Britain confirmed that Indo chic — or "Indofrenzy" as anthropologist Arjun Appadurai calls it (Sengupta 1997:13) - has captured the American imagination with the new popularity of literature, art, and film emanating from India and its diaspora.

The Neotropical genus Scinax Wagler currently comprises 127 species of small treefrogs distributed from southern Mexico to Argentina and Uruguay, including some islands such as Trinidad and Tobago, and St. Lucia (Frost 2020). Two major clades are recognized within Scinax, the S. catharinae and the S. ruber clades. The former is composed of two species groups, the S. catharinae and the S. perpusillus groups (Faivovich 2002; Faivovich et al. 2005). The S. perpusillus species group currently comprises 13 species: S. alcatraz (Lutz); S. arduous Peixoto; S. atratus (Peixoto); S. belloni Faivovich, Gasparini & Haddad; S. cosenzai Lacerda, Peixoto & Feio; S. faivovichi Brasileiro, Oyamaguchi & Haddad; S. insperatus Silva & Alves-Silva; S. littoreus (Peixoto); S. melloi (Peixoto), S. peixotoi Brasileiro, Haddad, Sawaya & Martins; S. perpusillus (Lutz & Lutz); S. tupinamba Silva & Alves-Silva; and S. v-signatus (Lutz). These species are endemic of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and are recognized by their intimate association with bromeliads (Fig. 1), in which adults breed and lay their eggs, and tadpoles develop (Peixoto 1987, 1995; Alves-Silva & Silva 2009).

-Mohammed F. Khayum, Michael B. Connolly ,The economics of the Caribbean Basin. New York: Praeger, 1985. xxiii + 355 pp., John McDermott (eds)-Susan F. Hirsch, Herome Wendell Lurry-Wright, Custom and conflict on a Bahamian out-island. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1987. xxii + 188 pp.-Evelyne Trouillot-Ménard, Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique, 1,000 proverbes créoles de la Caraïbe francophone. Paris: Editions Caribéennes, 1987. 114 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Amon Saba Saakana, The colonial legacy in Caribbean literature. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, Inc. 1987. 128 pp.-Andrew Sanders, Cees Koelewijn, Oral literature of the Trio Indians of Surinam. In collaboration with Peter Riviére. Dordrecht and Providence: Foris Publications, 1987. (Caribbean Series 6, KITLV/Royal Institute of Linguistics anbd Anthropology). xiv + 312 pp.-Janette Forte, Nancie L. Gonzalez, Sojouners of the Caribbean: ethnogenesis and ethnohistory of the Garifuna. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988. xi + 253 pp.-Nancie L. Gonzalez, Neil L. Whitehead, Lords of the Tiger Spirit: a history of the Caribs in colonial Venezuela and Guyana 1498-1820. Dordrecht and Providence: Foris Publications, 1988. (Caribbean Series 10, KITLV/Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology.) x + 250 pp.-N.L. Whitehead, Andrew Sanders, The powerless people. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1987. iv + 220 pp.-Russell Parry Scott, Kenneth F. Kiple, The African exchange: toward a biological history of black people. Durham: Duke University Press, 1987. vi + 280 pp.-Colin Clarke, David Dabydeen ,India in the Caribbean. London: Hansib Publishing Ltd., 1987. 326 pp., Brinsley Samaroo (eds)-Juris Silenieks, Edouard Glissant, Caribbean discourse: selected essays. Translated and with an introduction by J. Michael Dash. Charlottesville, Virginia: The University Press of Virginia, 1989. xlvii + 272 pp.-Brenda Gayle Plummer, J. Michael Dash, Haiti and the United States: national stereotypes and the literary imagination. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988. xv + 152 pp.-Evelyne Huber, Michel-Rolph Trouillot, Haiti: state against nation: the origins and legacy of Duvalierism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1990. 282 pp.-Leon-Francois Hoffman, Alfred N. Hunt, Hiati's influence on Antebellum America: slumbering volcano of the Caribbean. Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1988. xvi + 196 pp.-Brenda Gayle Plummer, David Healy, Drive to hegemony: the United States in the Caribbean, 1898-1917. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. xi + 370 pp.-Anthony J. Payne, Jorge Heine ,The Caribbean and world politics: cross currents and cleavages. New York and London: Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc., 1988. ix + 385 pp., Leslie Manigat (eds)-Anthony P. Maingot, Jacqueline Anne Braveboy-Wagner, The Caribbean in world affairs: the foreign policies of the English-speaking states. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989. vii + 244 pp.-Edward M. Dew, H.F. Munneke, De Surinaamse constitutionele orde. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Ars Aequi Libri, 1990. v + 120 pp.-Charles Rutheiser, O. Nigel Bolland, Colonialism and resistance in Belize: essays in historical sociology. Benque Viejo del Carmen, Belize: Cubola Productions / Institute of Social and Economic Research / Society for the Promotion of Education and Research, 1989. ix + 218 pp.-Ken I. Boodhoo, Selwyn Ryan, Trinidad and Tobago: the independence experience, 1962-1987. St. Augustine, Trinidad: ISER, 1988. xxiii + 599 pp.-Alan M. Klein, Jay Mandle ,Grass roots commitment: basketball and society in Trinidad and Tobago. Parkersburg, Iowa: Caribbean Books, 1988. ix + 75 pp., Joan Mandle (eds)-Maureen Warner-Lewis, Reinhard Sander, The Trinidad Awakening: West Indian literature of the nineteen-thirties. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988. 168 pp.

AbstractThe conclusions of a collaborative study of the occurrence and importance of root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.) and of their control agent, Pasteuria penetrans, in parts of Europe, Africa, South America and the Caribbean are presented. Rootknot nematodes were estimated to reduce the yields of a wide range of horticultural crops by > 25% in Ecuador, Malawi and Tanzania, and by ca 10% in Trinidad and Tobago. The greatest proportion of infected crops were observed in Ecuador (205 of 207) and the least in Trinidad and Tobago (70 of 174). The mean gall index was greatest in Ecuador (5.5). Levels of galling were least in Senegal (1.6), even though 89% of crops were infested and virulent M. mayaguensis was widespread. In all countries, M. incognita and M. javanica were the most abundant species, but M. hispanica occurred widely in Burkina Faso, even in newly cultivated areas in the Sahile. Several new esterase phenotypes were detected, especially in Ecuador and Malawi. Juveniles (J2) collected from the soil during the surveys were examined for attached spores of P.penetrans. It was widespread (20 to 60% of RKN populations), except in Malawi and Tanzania (< 10% were infected), and was found for the first time in Crete (Greece). Generally, < 50% of the J2 carried spores. The occurrence of P.penetrans was sometimes correlated with soil type e.g., in Senegal it was least frequent in sandy soils. Laboratory assays of the binding of spores of isolates of P.penetrans to populations of RKN indicated large variations in specificity and substantial interactions; differences between populations within a species of RKN were sometimes almost as great as those between species. In microplot trials in which an "exotic" isolate of P.penetrans was introduced (ca 103 spores per g soil), its incidence was not increased by increasing the frequency or intensity of the growing of RKN-susceptible crops. However, in two such trials at sites in Tanzania and Ecuador naturally infected with P.penetrans, there were large increases in the proportions of spore-encumbered J2 (up to 100% encumbered) and in the yields of spores (up to 3.3 × 106 spores per mg dry root) in those plots amended with an "exotic" isolate. In these plots, numbers of J2 in the soil were decreased and damage by RKN was suppressed; gall indices were decreased (from > 8 to < 3) and yields were increased (by up to 30%). No such changes were observed in the unamended control plots. Increased suppression of RKN was also observed in a field trial, even in plots where RKN-susceptible and non-host crops were alternated. Increased suppression following amendment with the "exotic" isolate of P.penetrans was not observed at sites not previously infected with P.penetrans. Regression analysis of the results from the microplot and field trials indicated that tomato yields were decreased by > 5% for every increase of one in the gall index. Yields were increased by alternating tomato with leguminous crops in some trials, but not in others. It is proposed that, in natural infections, mutual selection produces a dynamic balance between the P.penetrans and the RKN whereby levels of infection are rarely suppressive. However, the introduction of an "exotic" isolate of P.penetrans, with a different attachment profile, can disturb this balance, resulting in a greatly increased proportion of infected J2 and females, increased yields of spores and more suppression of RKN populations. Importance des nématodes à galles tropicaux (Meloidogyne spp.) et facteurs affectant l'utilité de Pasteuria penetrans, agent de contrôle biologique - Ce travail présente les conclusions d'une étude, menée en collaboration par plusieurs équipes de recherche, sur la présence et l'importance des nématodes phytoparasites du genre Meloidogyne et de leur parasite bactérien, Pasteuria penetrans, dans certains pays d'Europe, d'Afrique, d'Amérique du Sud et des Caraïbes. Les réductions de rendement de cultures maraîchères très diverses dues à ces nématodes atteignent 25% en Equateur, Malawi et Tanzanie, et 10% à Trinidad et Tobago. La plus forte proportion de parcelles infestées a été rencontrée en Equateur (205 sur 207) et la plus faible à Trinidad et Tobago (70 sur 174). C'est en Equateur que l'indice de galles moyen (égal à 5,5) était le plus élevé. Même si cet indice était faible en moyenne au Sénégal (1,6), 89% des cultures étaient infestées dans ce pays, en grande partie par l'espèce virulente M. mayaguensis. M. incognita et M. javanica sont les plus répandues dans tous les pays prospectés. Cependant, M. hispanica est très répandu au Burkina Faso, même dans des zones récemment cultivées en maraîchage en région sahélienne. Plusieurs phénotypes estérasiques nouveaux ont été détectés, spécialement en Equateur et au Malawi. Les juvéniles de second stade (J2) extraits des échantillons de sol collectés lors des prospections ont été examinés pour détecter la présence de spores de P.penetrans sur leur cuticule. Trouvé pour la première fois en Crète (Grèce), P.penetrans est très répandu dans les autres pays prospectés, infestant 20 à 60% des populations de Meloidogyne spp., sauf au Malawi et en Tanzanie où moins de 10% des populations sont atteintes. Le plus souvent, moins de 50% de J2 portent des spores bactériennes. Le taux de parasitisme des J2 par P. penetrans est influencé par les types de sols, comme par exemple au Sénégal où il est très faible dans les sols sableux grossiers. Des expériences en laboratoire portant sur l'attachement de spores de divers isolats de P. penetrans à des populations de Meloidogyne spp. ont révélé une grande variation de la spécificité et des interactions; les différences observées pour diverses populations d'une même espèce de Meloidogyne sont parfois presque aussi marquées que celles observées entre espèces. L'incidence parasitaire d'un isolat "exotique" de P. penetrans introduit dans des microparcelles (ca. 103 sporespar g. de sol) n'a pas été accrue par l'augmentation de la fréquence ou de la densité de plantation des cultures sensibles à Meloidogyne spp. employées. Cependant, dans deux microparcelles natullement infestées en P.penetrans, situées en Equateur et en Tanzanie, l'introduction d'un isolat "exotique" s'est traduite par un accroissement de la proportion de J2 infestés (jusqu'à 100%) et de la production de spores ((jusqu'à 3, 3 × 106 spores par mg [poids sec] de racines), d'une diminution de la population de J2 dans le sol, et d'une disparition des dégâts racinaires; les indices de galles moyens ont diminué (de plus de 8 à moins de 3) et les rendements des cultures ont augmenté (jusqu'à 30%). De tels changements n'ont pas été observés dans des sols non amendés en isolats "exotiques" de P.penetrans. Un meilleur contrôle des populations de Meloidogyne spp. a également été observé au champ, même lorsque la séquence culturale alternait des cultures sensibles et des cultures non-hôtes du nématode. Dans des parcelles non infectées en P.penetrans, la baisse des populations de Meloidogyne spp. n'a pas été observée après introduction d'un isolat "exotique" de la bactérie. Des analyses de régression portant sur les données obtenues en microparcelles ou au champ montrent que les rendements en tomate diminuent de plus de 5% chaque fois que l'indice de galle augmente d'une unité. Ces rendements ont parfois été améliorés lorsque des cultures de légumineuses alternaient les cultures de tomate. Ainsi, sur la base des analyses nématologiques et agronomiques faites en fin de cycles culturaux, il est suggéré que, dans les cas d'infestations naturelles en P.penetrans, des sélections mutuelles entraîneraient un équilibre dynamique entre les populations de la bactérie et celles du nématode, représentatif d'une densité-dépendance retardée. En revanche, l'introduction inondative d'isolats "exotiques" de P.penetrans, aux propriétés parasitaires différentes de celles des populations natives, pourraient rompre temporairement cet équilibre en faveur d'un accroissement de la proportion de nématodes (J2 et femelles) infestés et de la production de spores bactériennes, ainsi qu'un meilleur contrôle des populations de Meloidogyne spp. La capacité des populations de P.penetrans à survivre dans les sols et à contrôler durablement les populations de Meloidogyne spp. dépendraient de la spécificité entre les organismes, des propriétés des sols et des systèmes de culture.

The world Rhinophoridae are catalogued, recognising 33 genera and 177 species. Nomenclatural information is provided for all genus-group and species-group names, including lists of synonyms and name-bearing type data. Species distributions are recorded by country. A key to the world genera is presented. Four new genera are erected to accommodate five new species, which do not fit within any of the current generic concepts in Rhinophoridae, according to the results of a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis: Marshallicona Cerretti &amp; Pape with type species Marshallicona quitu Cerretti &amp; Pape, gen. et sp. nov. (Ecuador); Maurhinophora Cerretti &amp; Pape with type species Maurhinophora indoceanica Cerretti &amp; Pape, gen. et sp. nov. (Mauritius); Neotarsina Cerretti &amp; Pape with type species Neotarsina caraibica Cerretti &amp; Pape, gen. et sp. nov. (Trinidad and Tobago) and Neotarsina andina Cerretti &amp; Pape, sp. nov. (Peru); Kinabalumyia Cerretti &amp; Pape with type species Kinabalumyia pinax Cerretti &amp; Pape, gen. et sp. nov. (Malaysia, Sabah). The genus Aporeomyia Pape &amp; Shima (type species Aporeomyia antennalis Pape &amp; Shima), originally assigned to Tachinidae, is here reassigned to Rhinophoridae based on a reassessment of the homologies of the male terminalia. The following five species-group names, which were previously treated as junior synonyms or nomina dubia, are recognised as valid species names: Acompomintho caucasica (Villeneuve, 1908), stat. rev. [from nomen dubium to valid species]; Acompomintho sinensis (Villeneuve, 1936), stat. rev. [from nomen dubium to valid species]; Stevenia bertei (Rondani, 1865), stat. rev. [from nomen dubium to valid species]; Stevenia sardoa Villeneuve, 1920, stat. rev. [from junior synonym of Rhinophora deceptoria Loew, 1847 to valid species]; Stevenia subalbida (Villeneuve, 1911), stat. rev. [from junior synonym of Rhinophora deceptoria Loew, 1847 to valid species]. Reversal of precedence is invoked for the following case of subjective synonymy to promote stability in nomenclature: Rhinophora lepida (Meigen, 1824), nomen protectum, and Musca parcus Harris, 1780: 144, nomen oblitum. New generic and specific synonymies are proposed for the following two names: Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935, junior synonym of Tromodesia Rondani, 1856, syn. nov. and Ptilocheta tacchetti Rondani, 1865, junior synonym of Stevenia obscuripennis (Loew, 1847), syn. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Acompomintho sinensis (Villeneuve, 1936), comb. nov. [transferred from Tricogena Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830]; Tromodesia guzari (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia intermedia (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia lindneriana (Rohdendorf, 1961), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia magnifica (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia obscurior (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia pallidissima (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935]; Tromodesia setiventris (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935] and Tromodesia shachrudi (Rohdendorf, 1935), comb. nov. [transferred from Mimodexia Rohdendorf, 1935].

-Chuck Meide, Kathleen Deagan ,Columbus's outpost among the Taínos: Spain and America at La Isabela, 1493-1498. New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 2002. x + 294 pp., José María Cruxent (eds)-Lee D. Baker, George M. Fredrickson, Racism: A short history. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002. x + 207 pp.-Evelyn Powell Jennings, Sherry Johnson, The social transformation of eighteenth-century Cuba. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. x + 267 pp.-Michael Zeuske, J.S. Thrasher, The island of Cuba: A political essay by Alexander von Humboldt. Translated from Spanish with notes and a preliminary essay by J.S. Thrasher. Princeton NJ: Markus Wiener; Kingston: Ian Randle, 2001. vii + 280 pp.-Matt D. Childs, Virginia M. Bouvier, Whose America? The war of 1898 and the battles to define the nation. Westport CT: Praeger, 2001. xi + 241 pp.-Carmelo Mesa-Lago, Antonio Santamaría García, Sin azúcar no hay país: La industria azucarera y la economía cubana (1919-1939). Seville: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla y Diputación de Sevilla, 2001. 624 pp.-Charles Rutheiser, Joseph L. Scarpaci ,Havana: Two faces of the Antillean Metropolis. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. x + 437 pp., Roberto Segre, Mario Coyula (eds)-Thomas Neuner, Ottmar Ette ,Kuba Heute: Politik, Wirtschaft, Kultur. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Vervuert, 2001. 863 pp., Martin Franzbach (eds)-Mark B. Padilla, Emilio Bejel, Gay Cuban nation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001. xxiv + 257 pp.-Mark B. Padilla, Kamala Kempadoo, Sun, sex, and gold: Tourism and sex work in the Caribbean. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999. viii + 356 pp.-Jane Desmond, Susanna Sloat, Caribbean dance from Abakuá to Zouk: How movement shapes identity. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002. xx + 408 pp.-Karen Fog Olwig, Nina Glick Schiller ,Georges woke up laughing: Long-distance nationalism and the search for home. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2001. x + 324 pp., Georges Eugene Fouron (eds)-Karen Fog Olwig, Nancy Foner, From Ellis Island to JFK: New York's two great waves of immigration. Chelsea MI: Russell Sage Foundation, 2000. xvi + 334 pp.-Aviva Chomsky, Lara Putnam, The company they kept: Migrants and the politics of gender in Caribbean Costa Rica, 1870-1960. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. xi + 303 pp.-Rebecca B. Bateman, Rosalyn Howard, Black Seminoles in the Bahamas. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002. xvii + 150 pp.-Virginia Kerns, Carel Roessingh, The Belizean Garífuna: Organization of identity in an ethnic community in Central America. Amsterdam: Rozenberg. 2001. 264 pp.-Nicole Roberts, Susanna Regazzoni, Cuba: una literatura sin fronteras / Cuba: A literature beyond boundaries. Madrid: Iberoamericana/Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Vervuert, 2001. 148 pp.-Nicole Roberts, Lisa Sánchez González, Boricua literature: A literary history of the Puerto Rican Diaspora. New York: New York University Press, 2001. viii + 216 pp.-Kathleen Gyssels, Ange-Séverin Malanda, Passages II: Histoire et pouvoir dans la littérature antillo-guyanaise. Paris: Editions du Ciref, 2002. 245 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Simone A. James Alexander, Mother imagery in the novels of Afro-Caribbean women. Columbia MO: University of Missouri Press, 2001. x + 215 pp.-Gert Oostindie, Aarón Gamaliel Ramos ,Islands at the crossroads: Politics in the non-independent Caribbean., Angel Israel Rivera (eds)-Katherine E. Browne, David A.B. Murray, Opacity: Gender, sexuality, race, and the 'problem' of identity in Martinique. New York: Peter Lang, 2002. xi + 188 pp.-James Houk, Kean Gibson, Comfa religion and Creole language in a Caribbean community. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001. xvii + 243 pp.-Kelvin Singh, Frank J. Korom, Hosay Trinidad: Muharram performances in an Indo-Caribbean Diaspora.Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003. viii + 305 pages.-Lise Winer, Kim Johnson, Renegades: The history of the renegades steel orchestra of Trinidad and Tobago. With photos by Jeffrey Chock. Oxford UK: Macmillan Caribbean Publishers, 2002. 170 pp.-Jerome Teelucksingh, Glenford Deroy Howe, Race, war and nationalism: A social history of West Indians in the first world war. Kingston: Ian Randle/Oxford UK: James Currey, 2002. vi + 270 pp.-Geneviève Escure, Glenn Gilbert, Pidgin and Creole linguistics in the twenty-first century. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2002. 379 pp.-George L. Huttar, Eithne B. Carlin ,Atlas of the languages of Suriname. Leiden, The Netherlands: KITLV Press/Kingston: Ian Randle, 2002. vii + 345 pp., Jacques Arends (eds)

-Dennis Walder, Robert D. Hamner, Derek Walcott. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993. xvi + 199 pp.''Critical perspectives on Derek Walcott. Washington DC: Three continents, 1993. xvii + 482 pp.-Yannick Tarrieu, Lilyan Kesteloot, Black writers in French: A literary history of Negritude. Translated by Ellen Conroy Kennedy. Washington DC: Howard University Press, 1991. xxxiii + 411 pp.-Renée Larrier, Carole Boyce Davies ,Out of the Kumbla: Caribbean women and literature. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, 1990. xxiii + 399 pp., Elaine Savory Fido (eds)-Renée Larrier, Evelyn O'Callaghan, Woman version: Theoretical approaches to West Indian fiction by women. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. viii + 126 pp.-Lisa Douglass, Carolyn Cooper, Noises in the blood: Orality, gender and the 'vulgar' body of Jamaican popular culture. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. ix + 214 pp.-Christine G.T. Ho, Kumar Mahabir, East Indian women of Trinidad & Tobago: An annotated bibliography with photographs and ephemera. San Juan, Trinidad: Chakra, 1992. vii + 346 pp.-Eva Abraham, Richenel Ansano ,Mundu Yama Sinta Mira: Womanhood in Curacao. Eithel Martis (eds.). Curacao: Fundashon Publikashon, 1992. xii + 240 pp., Joceline Clemencia, Jeanette Cook (eds)-Louis Allaire, Corrine L. Hofman, In search of the native population of pre-Colombian Saba (400-1450 A.D.): Pottery styles and their interpretations. Part one. Amsterdam: Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor het Caraïbisch Gebied, 1993. xiv + 269 pp.-Frank L. Mills, Bonham C. Richardson, The Caribbean in the wider world, 1492-1992: A regional geography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. xvi + 235 pp.-Frank L. Mills, Thomas D. Boswell ,The Caribbean Islands: Endless geographical diversity. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992. viii + 240 pp., Dennis Conway (eds)-Alex van Stipriaan, H.W. van den Doel ,Nederland en de Nieuwe Wereld. Utrecht: Aula, 1992. 348 pp., P.C. Emmer, H.PH. Vogel (eds)-Idsa E. Alegría Ortega, Francine Jácome, Diversidad cultural y tensión regional: América Latina y el Caribe. Caracas: Nueva Sociedad, 1993. 143 pp.-Barbara L. Solow, Ira Berlin ,Cultivation and culture: Labor and the shaping of slave life in the Americas. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993. viii + 388 pp., Philip D. Morgan (eds)-Andrew J. O'Shaughnessy, Karen Ordahl Kupperman, Providence Island, 1630-1641: The other puritan colony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xiii + 393 pp.-Armando Lampe, Johannes Meier, Die Anfänge der Kirche auf den Karibischen Inseln: Die Geschichte der Bistümer Santo Domingo, Concepción de la Vega, San Juan de Puerto Rico und Santiago de Cuba von ihrer Entstehung (1511/22) bis zur Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Immensee: Neue Zeitschrift für Missionswissenschaft, 1991. xxxiii + 313 pp.-Edward L. Cox, Carl C. Campbell, Cedulants and capitulants; The politics of the coloured opposition in the slave society of Trinidad, 1783-1838. Port of Spain, Trinidad: Paria Publishing, 1992. xv + 429 pp.-Thomas J. Spinner, Jr., Basdeo Mangru, Indenture and abolition: Sacrifice and survival on the Guyanese sugar plantations. Toronto: TSAR, 1993. xiii + 146 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Lila Gobardhan-Rambocus ,Immigratie en ontwikkeling: Emancipatie van contractanten. Paramaribo: Anton de Kom Universiteit, 1993. 262 pp., Maurits S. Hassankhan (eds)-Juan A. Giusti-Cordero, Teresita Martínez-Vergne, Capitalism in colonial Puerto Rico: Central San Vicente in the late nineteenth century. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992. 189 pp.-Jean Pierre Sainton, Henriette Levillain, La Guadeloupe 1875 -1914: Les soubresauts d'une société pluriethnique ou les ambiguïtés de l'assimilation. Paris: Autrement, 1994. 241 pp.-Michèle Baj Strobel, Solange Contour, Fort de France au début du siècle. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1994. 224 pp.-Betty Wood, Robert J. Stewart, Religion and society in post-emancipation Jamaica. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1992. xx + 254 pp.-O. Nigel Bolland, Michael Havinden ,Colonialism and development: Britain and its tropical colonies, 1850-1960. New York: Routledge, 1993. xv + 420 pp., David Meredith (eds)-Luis Martínez-Fernández, Luis Navarro García, La independencia de Cuba. Madrid: MAPFRE, 1992. 413 pp.-Pedro A. Pequeño, Guillermo J. Grenier ,Miami now! : Immigration, ethnicity, and social change. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992. 219 pp., Alex Stepick III (eds)-George Irving, Alistair Hennessy ,The fractured blockade: West European-Cuban relations during the revolution. London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1993. xv + 358 pp., George Lambie (eds)-George Irving, Donna Rich Kaplowitz, Cuba's ties to a changing world. Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 1993, xii + 263 pp.-G.B. Hagelberg, Scott B. MacDonald ,The politics of the Caribbean basin sugar trade. New York: Praeger, 1991. vii + 164 pp., Georges A. Fauriol (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Trevor W. Purcell, Banana Fallout: Class, color, and culture among West Indians in Costa Rica. Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Afro-American studies, 1993. xxi + 198 pp.-Gertrude Fraser, George Gmelch, Double Passage: The lives of Caribbean migrants abroad and back home. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992. viii + 335 pp.-Gertrude Fraser, John Western, A passage to England: Barbadian Londoners speak of home. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. xxii + 309 pp.-Trevor W. Purcell, Harry G. Lefever, Turtle Bogue: Afro-Caribbean life and culture in a Costa Rican Village. Cranbury NJ: Susquehanna University Press, 1992. 249 pp.-Elizabeth Fortenberry, Virginia Heyer Young, Becoming West Indian: Culture, self, and nation in St. Vincent. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. x + 229 pp.-Horace Campbell, Dudley J. Thompson ,From Kingston to Kenya: The making of a Pan-Africanist lawyer. Dover MA: The Majority Press, 1993. xii + 144 pp., Margaret Cezair Thompson (eds)-Kumar Mahabir, Samaroo Siewah, The lotus and the dagger: The Capildeo speeches (1957-1994). Port of Spain: Chakra Publishing House, 1994. 811 pp.-Donald R. Hill, Forty years of steel: An annotated discography of steel band and Pan recordings, 1951-1991. Jeffrey Thomas (comp.). Westport CT: Greenwood, 1992. xxxii + 307 pp.-Jill A. Leonard, André Lucrèce, Société et modernité: Essai d'interprétation de la société martiniquaise. Case Pilote, Martinique: Editions de l'Autre Mer, 1994. 188 pp.-Dirk H. van der Elst, Ben Scholtens ,Gaama Duumi, Buta Gaama: Overlijden en opvolging van Aboikoni, grootopperhoofd van de Saramaka bosnegers. Stanley Dieko. Paramaribo: Afdeling Cultuurstudies/Minov; Amsterdam: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, 1992. 204 pp., Gloria Wekker, Lady van Putten (eds)-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Chandra van Binnendijk ,Sranan: Cultuur in Suriname. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen/Rotterdam: Museum voor Volkenkunde, 1992. 159 pp., Paul Faber (eds)-Harold Munneke, A.J.A. Quintus Bosz, Grepen uit de Surinaamse rechtshistorie. Paramaribo: Vaco, 1993. 176 pp.-Harold Munneke, Irvin Kanhai ,Strijd om grond in Suriname: Verkenning van het probleem van de grondenrechten van Indianen en Bosnegers. Paramaribo, 1993, 200 pp., Joyce Nelson (eds)-Ronald Donk, J. Hartog, De geschiedenis van twee landen: De Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba. Zaltbommel: Europese Bibliotheek, 1993. 183 pp.-Aart G. Broek, J.J. Oversteegen, In het schuim van grauwe wolken: Het leven van Cola Debrot tot 1948. Amsterdam: Muelenhoff, 1994. 556 pp.''Gemunt op wederkeer: Het leven van Cola Debrot vanaf 1948. Amsterdam: Muelenhoff, 1994. 397 pp.

-Selwyn R. Cudjoe, John Thieme, The web of tradition: uses of allusion in V.S. Naipaul's fiction,-A. James Arnold, Josaphat B. Kubayanda, The poet's Africa: Africanness in the poetry of Nicolás Guillèn and Aimé Césaire. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xiv + 176 pp.-Peter Mason, Robin F.A. Fabel, Shipwreck and adventures of Monsieur Pierre Viaud, translated by Robin F.A. Fabel. Pensacola: University of West Florida Press, 1990. viii + 141 pp.-Alma H. Young, Robert B. Potter, Urbanization, planning and development in the Caribbean, London: Mansell Publishing, 1989. vi + 327 pp.-Hymie Rubinstein, Raymond T. Smith, Kinship and class in the West Indies: a genealogical study of Jamaica and Guyana, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. xiv + 205 pp.-Shepard Krech III, Richard Price, Alabi's world, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990. xx + 445 pp.-Graham Hodges, Sandra T. Barnes, Africa's Ogun: Old world and new, Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1989. xi + 274 pp.-Pamela Wright, Philippe I. Bourgois, Ethnicity at work: divided labor on a Central American banana plantation, Baltimore MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1989. xviii + 311 pp.-Idsa E. Alegría-Ortega, Andrés Serbin, El Caribe zona de paz? geopolítica, integración, y seguridad, Caracas: Editorial Nueva Sociedad, 1989. 188 pp. (Paper n.p.) [Editor's note. This book is also available in English: Caribbean geopolitics: towards security through peace? Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 1990.-Gary R. Mormino, C. Neale Ronning, José Martí and the émigré colony in Key West: leadership and state formation, New York; Praeger, 1990. 175 pp.-Gary R. Mormino, Gerald E. Poyo, 'With all, and for the good of all': the emergence of popular nationalism in the Cuban communities of the United States, 1848-1898, Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1989. xvii + 182 pp.-Fernando Picó, Raul Gomez Treto, The church and socialism in Cuba, translated from the Spanish by Phillip Berryman. Maryknoll NY: Orbis, 1988. xii + 151 pp.-Fernando Picó, John M. Kirk, Between God and the party: religion and politics in revolutionary Cuba. Tampa FL: University of South Florida Press, 1989. xxi + 231 pp.-Andrés Serbin, Carmen Gautier Mayoral ,Puerto Rico en la economía política del Caribe, Río Piedras PR; Ediciones Huracán, 1990. 204 pp., Angel I. Rivera Ortiz, Idsa E. Alegría Ortega (eds)-Andrés Serbin, Carmen Gautier Mayoral ,Puerto Rico en las relaciones internacionales del Caribe, Río Piedras PR: Ediciones Huracán, 1990. 195 pp., Angel I. Rivera Ortiz, Idsa E. Alegría Ortega (eds)-Jay R. Mandle, Jorge Heine, A revolution aborted : the lessons of Grenada, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. x + 351 pp.-Douglas Midgett, Rhoda Reddock, Elma Francois: the NWCSA and the workers' struggle for change in the Caribbean in the 1930's, London: New Beacon Books, 1988. vii + 60 pp.-Douglas Midgett, Susan Craig, Smiles and blood: the ruling class response to the workers' rebellion of 1937 in Trinidad and Tobago, London: New Beacon Books, 1988. vii + 70 pp.-Ken Post, Carlene J. Edie, Democracy by default: dependency and clientelism in Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers, and Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991. xiv + 170 pp.-Ken Post, Trevor Munroe, Jamaican politics: a Marxist perspective in transition, Kingston, Jamaica: Heinemann Publishers (Caribbean) and Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991. 322 pp.-Wendell Bell, Darrell E. Levi, Michael Manley: the making of a leader, Athens GA: University of Georgia Press, 1990, 349 pp.-Wim Hoogbergen, Mavis C. Campbell, The Maroons of Jamaica, 1655-1796: a history of resistance, collaboration and betrayal, Granby MA Bergin & Garvey, 1988. vi + 296 pp.-Kenneth M. Bilby, Rebekah Michele Mulvaney, Rastafari and reggae: a dictionary and sourcebook, Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xvi + 253 pp.-Robert Dirks, Jerome S. Handler ,Searching for a slave cemetery in Barbados, West Indies: a bioarcheological and ethnohistorical investigation, Carbondale IL: Center for archaeological investigations, Southern Illinois University, 1989. xviii + 125 pp., Michael D. Conner, Keith P. Jacobi (eds)-Gert Oostindie, Cornelis Ch. Goslinga, The Dutch in the Caribbean and in Surinam 1791/1942, Assen, Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1990. xii + 812 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Alfons Martinus Gerardus Rutten, Apothekers en chirurgijns: gezondheidszorg op de Benedenwindse eilanden van de Nederlandse Antillen in de negentiende eeuw, Assen/Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1989. xx + 330 pp.-Rene A. Römer, Luc Alofs ,Ken ta Arubiano? sociale integratie en natievorming op Aruba, Leiden: Department of Caribbean studies, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, 1990. xi + 232 pp., Leontine Merkies (eds)-Michiel van Kempen, Benny Ooft et al., De nacht op de Courage - Caraïbische vertellingen, Vreeland, the Netherlands: Basispers, 1990.-M. Stevens, F.E.R. Derveld ,Winti-religie: een Afro-Surinaamse godsdienst in Nederland, Amersfoort, the Netherlands: Academische Uitgeverij Amersfoort, 1988. 188 pp., H. Noordegraaf (eds)-Dirk H. van der Elst, H.U.E. Thoden van Velzen ,The great Father and the danger: religious cults, material forces, and collective fantasies in the world of the Surinamese Maroons, Dordrecht, the Netherlands and Providence RI: Foris Publications, 1988. xiv + 451 pp. [Second printing, Leiden: KITLV Press, 1991], W. van Wetering (eds)-Johannes M. Postma, Gert Oostindie, Roosenburg en Mon Bijou: twee Surinaamse plantages, 1720-1870, Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1989. x + 548 pp.-Elizabeth Ann Schneider, John W. Nunley ,Caribbean festival arts: each and every bit of difference, Seattle/St. Louis: University of Washington Press / Saint Louis Art Museum, 1989. 217 pp., Judith Bettelheim (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Howard S. Pactor, Colonial British Caribbean newspapers: a bibliography and directory, Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xiii + 144 pp.-Marian Goslinga, Annotated bibliography of Puerto Rican bibliographies, compiled by Fay Fowlie-Flores. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1990. xxvi + 167 pp.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudomonas fuscovaginae (ex Tanii et al.) Miyajima et al. Bacteria. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Russia, Yugoslavia (Fed. Republic), ASIA, Indonesia, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Philippines, AFRICA, Burundi, Madagascar, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zaire, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (McCulloch & Pirone) Vauterin et al. Proteobacteria: Xanthomonadales. Hosts: ornamental aroids (Araceae). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania), Asia (China, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Turkey), Africa (Reunion, South Africa), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii), Central America & Caribbean (Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Brazil, Ceara, Sao Paulo, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia, French Polynesia, New Caledonia).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. race 2 Bacteria Hosts: Triploid banana (Musa spp.) and Heliconia spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sabah, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, AFRICA, Ethiopia, Libya, Nigeria, Senegal, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Florida, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (McCulloch & Pirone) Vauterin et al. Bacteria Hosts: Ornamental foliage plants in the family Araceae and Xanthosoma spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Netherlands, ASIA, Philippines, AFRICA, South Africa, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii, New Jersey, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Goias, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, French Polynesia.

Abstract A description is provided for Ascopolyporus polychrous. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Although Ascopolyporus polychrous develops and fruits vigorously on stems of bamboos, it apparently does not produce symptoms of any disease on the host. HOSTS: Arthrostylidium sp., Chusquea abietifolia, C. scandens (Gramineae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba [new record], Panama (DENNIS, 1970), Trinidad & Tobago. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil (MØLLER, 1901), Colombia (DOI et al., 1977), Venezuela (CHARDÓN & TORO, 1934). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudomonas fuscovaginae (ex. Tanii et al.) Miyajima, Tanii and Akita. Gammaproteobacteria: Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae. Hosts: rice and wheat. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Russia, Far East, Serbia), Asia (Cambodia, China, Zhejiang, India, West Bengal, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Nepal and Philippines), Africa (Burundi, Congo Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Rwanda and Tanzania), North America (Mexico), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname and Uruguay) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas cucurbitae (Bryan) Vauterin et al. Bacteria. Hosts: watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), giant pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) and ornamental gourd (Cucurbita pepo). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France (Mainland France)), Asia (Brunei Darussalam, China (Heilongjiang), India (Bihar), Japan (Honshu), Nepal), Africa (Egypt, Reunion, Seychelles), North America (USA (Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Washington)), Central America & Caribbean (Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Brazil (Parana), Uruguay), Oceania (Australia (Queensland), New Zealand).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudomonas fuscovaginae (ex. Tanii et al.) Miyajima, Tanii and Akita. Gammaproteobacteria: Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae. Main host: rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Russia, Far East and Serbia), Asia (Cambodia, China, Zhejiang, India, West Bengal, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Nepal and Philippines), Africa (Burundi, Congo Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Rwanda and Tanzania), North America (Mexico), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname and Uruguay) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales).

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora zeae-maydis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Grey leaf spot of maize. HOSTS: Zea mays (Gramineae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Cameroon, Ethiopia (WEGARY et al., 1999), Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe. NORTH AMERICA: USA (Colorado, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia). CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Mexico, Trinidad & Tobago. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil (São Paulo), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. ASIA: China (Jilin). TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia and infection from debris of the previous year's maize crop.

Abstract A description is provided for Phaeoramularia manihotis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: White leafspot of cassava. HOSTS: Manihot esculenta (= M. utilissima) (Euphorbiaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Cameroon, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Tanzania. NORTH AMERICA: USA (Hawaii). CENTRAL AMERICA: Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad & Tobago, Virgin Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil (Alagoas, Amazonas, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraiba, Sao Paolo, Rio Grande do Sul) (VIÉGAS, 1945), Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela. ASIA: India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA: New Caledonia (BRAUN et al., 1999). TRANSMISSION: Rain splash and wind. The fungus survives the dry season on the fallen leaves.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pantoea stewartii (Smith) Mergaert et al. Bacteria. Major hosts: maize (Zea mays), sweetcorn (Z. mays subsp. mays), teosinte (Z. mexicana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Greece (Mainland Greece), Italy (Mainland Italy), Poland, Romania, Russia (European Russia)), Asia (China (Taiwan), India, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia), Thailand, Vietnam), North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin)), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Bolivia, Guyana, Peru).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Bonder) Vauterin et al. Gammaproteobacteria: Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae. Host: cassava (Manihot esculenta). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, India, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand), Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mayotte, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo and Uganda), North America (Mexico), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Parana, Santa Catarina, Colombia, French Guiana and Venezuela) and Oceania (Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Guam and Palau).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis et al. Bacteria Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Spain, Mainland Spain, ASIA, Bangladesh, China, Guangdong, India, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Japan, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, AFRICA, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Comoros, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts-Nevis, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Fiji.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Jagoueix et al. Alphaproteobacteria: Rhizobiales: Rhizobiaceae. Hosts: Citrus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mauritius, Réunion, Tanzania, Uganda), Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Hong Kong, India, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Provinsi Papua, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Iran, Japan, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Yemen), North America (Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Unites States Virgin Islands, USA, Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, South Carolina, Texas), Oceania (Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Paraná, São Paulo, Colombia, Paraguay, Venezuela).

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious and prevalent issue throughout the world (Devries et al. 2013, 1527). IPV takes place within an intersectional context that includes race, gender, culture, power, and sexuality. The types of actions taken to combat this violence vary greatly between different cultural contexts. The United States and Canada frequently take a law-based approach toward dealing with perpetrators and attempt to assist the victims through various social service sectors. Countries of reconciliation, such as Senegal, Trinidad and Tobago, and Kazakhstan, where individuals wish to keep the issue in the private sphere, often employ an approach aimed at maintaining the family system. Acts of reconciliation as a response to IPV have been deemed as inappropriate and oppressive reactions to the violence perpetuated against the victims (Coker, 2002; London, 1997). However, this criticism neglects the cleawr intersection of IPV responses and cultural contexts, thereby neglecting the autonomy of the woman to choose the response she believes most aligns with her cultural values. Through its emphasis on family, hospitality, respect, as well as religious texts and parables, the Society of Muslim Women (SMW) in Kazakhstan provides an example of a culturally and gender-appropriate reconciliation process. With the example of Kazakhstan, this paper shows that the reconciliation approach can allow the autonomy and cultural values of the female victim to be appreciated.

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma nebulosa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Generally considered a common soil-borne saprobe. It is often isolated from roots and rhizosphere soil such as reported in a study on soil sickness from a Citrus orchard (65, 4936). Also reported from seeds of Sesamum indicum (62, 1147; 68, 4885), as a post-harvest pathogen of Ziziphus mauritiana (73, 7307) and as causing disease of Spinacea oleracea (74, 5004). HOSTS: Plurivorous. On and from Abelmoschus, Acalypha, Acer negundo, Allium cepa, Althaea rosea, Amaranthus, Anarcardium, Arabis, Arachis, Arceuthobium, Artemisia, Bambusa, Begonia, Beta, Borassus, Brassica, Camellia, Cannabis sativa, Capsicum, Carica, Chamaecyparis, Chrysanthemum, Cicer, Citrullus, Citrus, Clematis, Cordyline, Conium, Cotoneaster, Daucus, Dianthus, Dracaena, Durio, Eschscholzia, Eucalyptus, Eugenia, Eutrema, Fragaria, Galium, Glichenia, Glycine, Gmelina, Gossypium, Helianthus, Hibiscus, Humulus, Impatiens, Lagenaria, Lamium sp., Limonium, Magnolia, Mercurialis perennis, Momordica, Murraya, Onobrychis viciifolia, Opuntia, Paeonia sp. (BOEREMA et al., 1996), Pastinaca, Persea, Petroselinum sativa, Philodendron, Phoenix, Phlox, Pinus, Populus, Rubus, Sarcolobus, Scrophularia, Sesamum indicum, Solanum, Spinacea oleracea, Tectona, Thalictrum, Theobroma, Thymus, Trichosanthes, Triticum, Urena, Urtica dioica (on which it is very common, fide BOEREMA, 1976), Wasabia and Ziziphus mauritiana. Also from soil, plant litter, rotten fruit and vegetables, water, air, dog hair, sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and human sources. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread. AFRICA: Egypt, Nigeria, Senegal. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: Honduras, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil. ANTARCTICA. ASIA: Burma, India, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but little else is known of other possible vectors.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Vauterin et al. Bacteria. Major hosts: beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, P. lunatus, P. lathyroides, P. coccineus, Vigna aconitifolia, V. radiata, V. umbellata), lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus), pea (Pisum sativum) and Calopogonium. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belarus, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France (mainland France), Germany, Greece (mainland Greece), Hungary, Italy (mainland Italy), Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal (Madeira), Romania, Russia (Central Russia, Southern Russia), Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain (mainland Spain), Switzerland), Asia (Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China (Heilongjiang, Henan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Zhejiang), Georgia, India (Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh), Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Lebanon, Malaysia (Peninsula Malaysia), Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Angola, Burundi, Central African Republic, Congo Democratic Republic, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan), Mexico, USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin, Wyoming)), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Brazil (Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (American Samoa, Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa).

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