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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trinitrotoluene'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

PALANISWAMY, DINESH KUMAR. "ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1026404184.

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2

Travis, Emma Rachel. "Microbial ecology of soil contaminated with trinitrotoluene." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613973.

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3

Boccadoro, Catherine. "Biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by novel Rhodococcus spp." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614035.

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4

Conder, Jason M. "Bioavailability and toxicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in sediment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5549/.

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TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) is a persistent contaminant at many military installations and poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Data from environmental fate and toxicity studies with TNT revealed that sediment toxicity test procedures required modification to accurately assess sediment TNT toxicity. Key modifications included aging TNT-spiked sediments 8-14 d, basing lethal dose on measured sediment concentrations of the molar sum of TNT and its main nitroaromatic (NA) transformation products (SNA), basing sublethal dose on average sediment SNA concentrations obtained from integration of se

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5

Xiang, Xuemin. "Treatment of trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated wastewater in constructed wetland." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963646923.

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6

Welch, Regan Eileen. "Reduction of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene with Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1180914214.

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7

Benton, Mona Kathryn. "Effect of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) on carbon fixation rates in elodea nutalli." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21275.

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8

Jackson, Gardner H. "Biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the cyanobacterium anabaena spiroides." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20862.

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9

Beynon, Emily. "Mechanisms of trinitrotoluene transformation, tolerance and toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of York, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487838.

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Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an explosive which through manufacture, use and decommissioning has polluted large areas of land. Because of the risk posed to human health and other living organisms, the remediation of TNT contaminated land is a priority. Plants have been proposed as a good clean-up system because of their innate ability to remove TNT from soil. Moreover, plant transformed TNT derivatives are sequestered within the plant and are difficult to extract. attenuating the activity of TNT in the environment. Genetic modification has been used to enhance the tolerance threshold and transform

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10

Fahrenfeld, Nicole Leah. "Fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in historically contaminated aquifer sediments." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37811.

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The nitroaromatic explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is a widespread, toxic groundwater contaminant. The objective of this work was to describe TNT fate in contaminated aquifer sediments. A series of bench scale experiments and model simulations were performed to evaluate the fate of TNT in historically contaminated aquifer sediments. A TNT contaminated site on the National Priorities List, Former Nansemond Ordnance Depot (FNOD), Suffolk, VA, served as the model site for this work. To describe desorption rate in contaminated sediments, two approaches for a first order single-site desorption were

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11

Sheikh, Kharisha S. "Kinetics of 2, 4, 6-Trinitrotoluene Reduction by Pseudomonas Putida." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1156790187.

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12

Han, Sungsoo. "In situ bioremediation and natural attenuation of dinitrotoluenes and trinitrotoluene." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24700.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.<br>Committee Chair: Dr. Joseph B. Hughes; Committee Member: Dr. Jian Luo; Committee Member: Dr. Jim C. Spain; Committee Member: Dr. Patricia Sobecky; Committee Member: Dr. Spyros G. Pavlostathis

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13

Wei, Bo. "Targeted Degradation of Trinitrotoluene Using Iron (II)-Cyclodextrin-Peroxide Systems." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2003. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,76.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of New Orleans, 2003.<br>Title from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Chemistry"--Thesis t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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14

Ortiz, Onofre. "Degradation studies of 2, 4, 6, trinitrotoluene by a microbial consortia." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1997. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3269.

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Microbial mats are natural heterotrophic and autotrophic communities dominated by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). These constructed mats are durable, tolerant to a variety of toxins and resilient under changing environmental conditions. This research demonstrates that microbial mats provide an effective remediation treatment for 2,4,6 Trinitrotoluene (TNT) in water and soil. It showed that TNT is removed to undetectable limits after 5 days of treatment under any of the following conditions: light/dark; total light; total dark. This work also shows that in the presence of an inorganic materia

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15

Comstock, Kelly K. "Transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the aquatic plant myriophyllum spicatum." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21272.

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16

Katseanes, Chelsea Kae. "Soil Fertility Status and Degradation of 2, 4, 6-Trinitrotoluene Contaminated Soils." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5517.

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Current models for predicting the environmental fate of munitions constituents (MC) in soils are based mostly on chemical distribution parameters and neglect the larger considerations of other soil parameters. We are working towards a new approach based on the whole soil activity for predicting the long-term residence time and fate of MC in soils with connection to agronomic soil fertility concepts. These relationships are demonstrated by correlating experiments involving full physical and chemical characterization of eight taxonomically distinct soils, with batch reactor studies determining M

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17

McDonough, Kathleen M. "Phytoremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in contaminated wastewater-effects of soil and iron on remediation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19001.

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18

Mehta, Manish. "Electrochemical degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; 2,4 -dinitrotoluene and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 1999. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1147982436.

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19

Eriksson, Johan. "Retention and mobilisation of trinitrotoluene, aniline, nitrobenzene and toluene by soil organic matter /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s266.pdf.

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20

Mehta, Manish. "Electrochemical Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene; 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147982436.

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21

Johnston, Emily. "Stress and signalling in Arabidopsis in response to the pollutant 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11349/.

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The explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a persistent and toxic pollutant. High levels of TNT and the water-mobile co-pollutant Royal Demolition Explosive (RDX) have accumulated at manufacturing waste sites and military training ranges. Due to the scale of these sites, phytoremediation could be the most cost-effective and environmentally-friendly means of cleaning up the pollution. Plant lines which are both tolerant to, and able to degrade explosives pollution, are therefore being developed. Prior to this PhD research, it was identified that Arabidopsis thaliana L. (Arabidopsis) plants de

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22

Walker, Diane Kathryn. "Impact of a model soil on the biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and its amine metabolites." Thesis, Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/walker/WalkerD04.pdf.

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23

Campbell, Mairi. "Development of a surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) method for the determination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366875.

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24

Bradley, Melville D. "2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) air concentrations, hemoglobin changes, and anemia cases in respirator protected TNT munitions demilitarization workers." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?e14.2808.

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25

Johnson, Mark Steven. "Development and Application of Non-Traditional Vertebrate Models to Investigate Terrestrial Ecological Risk to 2,46-Trinitrotoluene Exposure." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25987.

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Assessing ecological risk to wildlife exposed to anthropogenic contamination in soil has traditionally been problematic. Attempts to standardize an approach to evaluate risk for various community types in North America have been challenging, given the variation in terrestrial communities and the values in which policy makers are bound to protect. This has resulted in vague, yet flexible guidance from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other interested parties (e.g., the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Tri-Service Ecological Risk Assessment Working Group). Interpretation of t

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26

Dudley, Melissa B. Chambliss C. Kevin. "Accumulation of trifluralin and trinitrotoluene (TNT) in two aquatic invertebrates formation and persistence of unextractable biotransformation products /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5155.

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27

Hernandez, Rafael. "Integration of zero-valent metals and chemical oxidation for the destruction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene within aqueous matrices." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11102002-174828.

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28

Bradley, Melville D. M. D. "2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Air Concentrations, Hemoglobin Changes, and Anemia Cases in Respirator Protected TNT Munitions Demilitarization Workers." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1871.

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2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene, TNT, is an explosive used in munitions production that is known to cause both aplastic and hemolytic anemia in exposed workers. Deaths have been reported secondary to both varieties of anemia. Studies have shown that TNT systemic absorption is significant by both the respiratory and dermal routes. A literature review revealed that the most recent review article on TNT exposure arguing for a TWA drop from the PEL to the TLV was in 1977 -- this article cited anemia issues in addition to other untoward effects of TNT. No studies encountered looked at hemoglobin change or an

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29

King, Sarah M. "Enhancement in Degradation of Environmental Pollutants: Fenton Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Photodegradation of Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1451.

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Pollution poses serious threats to both the environmental and the organisms that depend on their environment for survival. Due to the toxicity of most contaminants, there is a dire need for remediation of polluted sites. Remediation studies were conducted on two high priority pollutants: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and crude oil. TNT was the most common explosive used in the 20th century. Continuous contamination has resulted in an urgent need for remediation. Fenton reagent provides an advanced oxidation process that is capable of remediating recalcitrant explosives, such as TNT. One drawback

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30

Pannier, Andy Joseph. "Reductive transformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene by Yarrowia lipolytica AN-L15 under conditions of different initial pH of the culture medium or in the presence of ferrihydrite." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/pannier/PannierA0509.pdf.

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Batch and column studies were conducted to examine the difference in the transformation pathways of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) reduction by a hemiascomycetous yeast (Yarrowia lipolytica AN-L15) under conditions of different initial pH of the culture medium or in the presence or absence of ferrihydrite. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), it was observed that Y. lipolytica AN-L15 was able to transform TNT at three different initial proton concentrations of the culture medium: pH 7.0, pH 6.5, and pH 4.5. In the presence of TNT, Y. lipolytica AN-L15 showed preferential growth (O

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31

Mohd, Jamil Arniza Khairani. "Raman spectroscopy techniques for detection of energetic materials at high and low concentration." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/89218/8/89218%28thesis%29.pdf.

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This thesis presents the development of a rapid, sensitive and reproducible spectroscopic method for the detection of TNT in forensic and environmental applications. Simple nano sensors prepared by cost effective methods were utilized as sensitive platforms for the detection of TNT by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The optimization of the substrate and the careful selection of a suitable recognition molecule contributed to the significant improvements of sensitive and selective targeting over current detection methods. The work presented in this thesis paves the way for effective detecti

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32

King, Stephanie. "Capillary Electrophoresis Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism Analysis for Monitoring Bacteria during the Remediation of TNT-Contaminated Soil." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1108061640.

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33

Rubis, Kathryn. "Shrubs as Sentinels of Ordnance Contamination: Using Plant Physiology and Remote Sensing to Detect TNT in Soils." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/276.

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Methods for rapid, safe and effective detection of unmapped buried ordnance are vital to the protection of humans and environmental quality throughout the world. This study aimed to investigate the use of phytosensing and to understand the physiological response of woody plants to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) contamination. Baccharis halimifolia were potted in soils containing various concentrations of TNT and physiological responses were observed over a 9-week experimental period. Measurements included the collection of remotely sensed data, such as hyperspectral reflectance and chlorophyll fl

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34

Canala, Sara. "Metodologie per la valutazione del rischio di incidente rilevante negli stabilimenti che trattano sostanze esplosive." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Il presente lavoro di tesi si inserisce nel settore specifico degli stabilimenti che producono, stoccano e vendono sostanze esplodenti nell’ambito delle attività civili. Quando si parla di stabilimenti che detengono sostanze esplosive, intese o come esplosivi pirotecnici oppure esplosivi ad uso civile, è bene considerare sia le installazioni di processo in cui avviene la produzione e il confezionamento delle sostanze esplodenti, sia le installazioni di deposito in cui avviene lo stoccaggio, la manipolazione e il trasferimento di queste sostanze. In funzione della quantità di sostanza pericolo

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35

Peceros, Melchor Mesalina Violeta. "Levaduras con potencial de remediación de 2,4,6 -trinitrotolueno (TNT) y evaluación de su capacidad degradativa." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10604.

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Plantea evaluar levaduras, aisladas de ambientes mineros, con posible uso potencial en la degradación del TNT. Para ello, un total de 29 cepas de levaduras fueron seleccionadas para la evaluación de tolerancia frente a TNT; de las cuales 5 cepas no manifestaron cambios en el crecimiento celular en concentraciones altas de TNT de hasta en 1500 mg/L, más si un cambio en el patrón morfológico (levadura-hifa-pseudohifa). Luego, las levaduras seleccionadas fueron caracterizadas molecularmente, mediante la amplificación y secuenciación de la región D1/D2 del gen LSU 28S rDNA. A partir del análisis b

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36

Quispe, Rojas Wilma Ursula. "Aislamiento, identificación, caracterización y selección de cepas bacterianas con capacidad de degradar 2,4,6- trinitrotolueno (TNT)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17324.

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Uno de los explosivos nitroaromáticos más utilizados en el mundo es el 2,4,6- trinitrotolueno (TNT), el cual puede permanecer en la naturaleza durante largos periodos de tiempo sin degradarse, debido a la disposición simétrica de los grupos nitro en su estructura. Incluso a bajas concentraciones, el TNT tiene un efecto mutagénico en organismos vivos, desde microorganismos hasta humanos; es cancerígeno y causa diversas enfermedades; por dicho motivo, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo el aislamiento e identificación molecular de cepas bacterianas, procedentes de un lote de expl

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37

Costa, dos Reis Luciana. "Metodologías analíticas respetuosas con el medio ambiente para la determinación de microcontaminantes orgánicos en aguas." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/85688.

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El Proceso Analítico Total (Total Analytical Process, TAP) es la metodología general utilizada en todos los laboratorios analíticos para la determinación de compuestos químicos y bioquímicos y está formado, además de otras, por dos etapas fundamentales: (i) la preparación de la muestra, y (ii) la separación/detección. Cuando se ha de seleccionar un método para la realización de un determinado análisis se ha de considerar, entre otros, la matriz de la muestra, así como el nivel de concentración de los analitos. Con el objetivo de solucionar problemas analíticos encontrados en las metodologías a

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38

Tong, Jing-Wei, and 童瀞葦. "Investigation of biostimulation treatment on trinitrotoluene degradation by pseudomonas spp. isolated from trinitrotoluene contaminated soil." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79711658825455220573.

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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>生物科技系<br>102<br>Trinitrotoluene (TNT), a common military and industrial explosive, may cause soil and groundwater contamination. Currently, remediation of TNT pollution is an important environment issue. To date, bioremediation is the most environmentally friendly method in a variety of remediation technology. In this study, using enrichment culture method we isolated two Pseudomonas spp., namely Pseudomonas citronellolis strain KNU67551 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain TJW229 from the TNT-contaminated soil for TNT biodegradation. In some bioremediation studies, addition of

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39

Vanderford, Mindy. "Aquatic phytotransformation of trinitrotoluene in contaminated media." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/14076.

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Recent investigations indicate that 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is rapidly transformed in an aquatic environment by the action of photosynthetic organisms. Several plant species from a variety of culture conditions were examined that displayed the capacity to transform TNT. The kinetics of transformation and the fate of transformation products were monitored by MECE and HPLC analysis in both the aquatic media and within the plant tissues. (U)$\sp{14}$C-TNT was introduced into the plant systems in order to monitor the fate of the aromatic ring. In order to assess the action of plant biochemistr

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40

Lin, Yi-jen, and 林儀臻. "Evaluate the bioremediation of trinitrotoluene contaminated soil." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u28b7e.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>生物科學系研究所<br>102<br>The 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a secondary explosive widely used in military and civil purposes all over the world. Residual TNT had been found in contaminated soil and groundwater mainly releasing from manufacturing or demilitarization facilities. Bioremediation of using microbial degradation is a very promising technique to treat environmental pollution problems. In this study, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to analyze the microbial communities of a TNT polluted site. Two TNT degrading bacteria, Ach

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41

Khan, Tariq A. "Anaerobic transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by Clostridium acetobutylicum." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/14073.

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In this work, rapid TNT ($>$150 mg/L) transformation by Clostridium acetobutylicum via a reductive pathway to monoaminonitrotoluenes, diaminonitrotoluenes, and on to undetectable end products was observed. The maximum velocities were greatest for TNT reduction, followed by 2A46DNT, 4A26DNT, and 24DA6NT. Initial reduction was preferred at the para position. The measured TNT transformation rates were considerably higher than those observed by others. The transformation of hydroxylamino intermediates was rate limiting. Rates and extents of transformation of TNT and its metabolites were affected b

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42

Watrous, Mary Margaret. "2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reduction by hydrogenase in Clostridium acetobutylicum." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17632.

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Unique genetic modifications to C. acetobutylicum altered the level of hydrogenase expression, allowing study of the resulting effects on the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) reduction rates to be possible. A strain designed to over-express the hydrogenase gene resulted in maintained TNT reduction during late growth phases when it is not typically observed. Strains exhibiting under-expression of hydrogenase produced slower TNT rates of reduction correlating to the expected inhibition of each strain type. Hydrogenase activity, measured by hydrogen production, in Clostridium acetobutylicum correlates

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43

Shuler, Sarah Ruth. "Microbial community response to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and lead mixtures in soil." 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/shuler%5Fsarah%5Fr%5F200408%5Fms.

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44

Xiang, Xuemin [Verfasser]. "Treatment of trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated wastewater in constructed wetland / Xuemin Xiang." 2001. http://d-nb.info/963646923/34.

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45

Conner, Clint Braden. "Theoretical studies of excited state electron transfer between iron-porphyrin and trinitrotoluene." 2006. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2003.pdf.

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46

Ahmad, Farrukh. "The reactivity of partially reduced metabolities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in natural systems." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17934.

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The reactivity of partially reduced metabolites of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), namely arylhydroxylamines and nitrosoarenes, was evaluated with a simple biological system and with components of soil natural organic matter (NOM). This study was carried out to address the long-standing problem of irreversible binding to soil NOM and biomass, commonly observed during the reductive transformation of polynitroaromatic contamination. The study focused on partially reduced metabolites rather than the completely reduced arylamine metabolites that have already been extensively investigated for their ro

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47

Lin, Sheng-Zhi, and 林昇志. "Removal of organics in wastewater from trinitrotoluene manufacturing process by electrochemical oxidation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58790914285793658716.

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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>化學工程與材料工程研究所<br>95<br>In this study, electrochemical oxidation method is used to dispose the wastewater from 2,4,6-TNT manufacturing process. Effects of operating parameters on the performance of removal of organic compounds in wastewater are explored, including electrode potential, reaction temperature, oxygen dosage and acidity of wastewater. The organic compounds content is approximate 450 mg/L, derived from diluting of spent acid. It is worth noting that the removal efficiency of TOC reached 100 % under the conditions of electrode potential = 6V, T = 303K, O2 = 100ml/

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48

Lin, Chia-Ying, and 林佳瑩. "Exogenous nutrient amendment coordinated bioaugmentation enhances 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene degradation mediated by cometabolism." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05187100014865272742.

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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>生物科技系<br>103<br>Abstract 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), a nitroaromatic compound, widely used in military and industrial sites frequently caused soil and groundwater contamination in past decades. Bioremediation is a currently important method to remove TNT contamination. In this study, the earthworm Metaphire posthuma was acclimated in forest soil spiked with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), an earthworm enteric bacterium, Citrobacter youngae strain E4, was isolated to assess the capacity of microbial degradation of TNT in culture medium or in a soil slurry with/without exogenous

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Huang, Guo-Chao, and 黃國昭. "Removal of organics in waste liquid from trinitrotoluene manufacturing process by ultrasonic irradiation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44314694079118528183.

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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>化學工程與材料工程研究所<br>95<br>The objective of this study is to handle organic compounds of waste liquid from TNT manufacturing process by ultrasound. The experiment content is presented in two parts as : (i) obtain organic compounds by use ultrasonic oscillator ; (ii) remove organic compounds by use sonicator. The results show that use high frequency, low power, and big vo- lume ultrasonic oscillator can obtain 2,4-DNT compounds of waste liquid quickly and effectively , and purity of 2,4-DNT can be more than 98 wt%. Increasing the power of ultrasound can accelerate the growth of 2,4

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Ma, Cheng, and 馬正. "Cyto-toxicological evaluation of trinitrotoluene and its potential metabolites by Citrobacter sp. YC4." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95046159371480345332.

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碩士<br>元智大學<br>生物科技與工程研究所<br>104<br>The heavy pollution of the soil and groundwater was accompanied by the development in economy in Taiwan due to the rapid development of the industry and commerce during the past decades. Nitroaromatic compounds, nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene or nitrophenol for example, were extensively used in industry and might release to soil and ground and cause the pollution. These compounds may be carcinogenic and mutagenic and therefore pose great threaten to human health. In this study, we evaluate the cytotoxicity of trinitrotoluene (TNT) using WST-1-based cell cytoto

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